Newspaper Page Text
11\ S. HOSE & CO.
, |jr Georgia Journal & Messenger
, er ?r) Wie 4n?s*iy morning at |2 AO per annum
i? i'’ 1 ‘ -KS ,’. m the rffular charjre will be Uxt Dollai
ri ul .*>a HuMl*aW> wgrbs ik L*j*, fur tiir QroiDstr
’ 1 ‘* Vi ft, Ck'iM for *meh subsequent insertion. Ai,
1 ‘ !’ * -j* ‘,tt ms! specified as to time, will be published
* u j chariot A liberal disco uni
” ‘ t(l ,,se b> aJrertise by the year.
|f s.riess of oristis uses, will be charged at
‘ ji ‘ VV- sr s of i-andiJates for ofli.-e, to be pai<l for al
* >iJ I rates- “hen inserted.
4r made with county officers, Drue
, . ..oncers, Merchants, ainl others, who may wish to
f ‘nuited I - jntrac's
->* ‘‘ ‘ t Ll ,[> si> Nw*>s,by Etecatora, Administrator*
tnJ , are required by law to be advertised in a
“,' u forty days pre\ lous to the day of sale.
oust oe held on the firt Tuesday in the month.
. ‘ij u-s of ten in the forenoon and fhree in the
at He? Ciurt-house in the county in which the
* *rtr is situated.
Pauerarr mnt be advertised in like
fort .’ days.
. ussr .as ssd CaantTOEA of an Estate must he
rty 4 ■ J s.
. nt appiicatton will he made to the Ordinary for
.-!iL nd and Negro**, mast be published weekly for
.if - loiters of Administrations, thirty days ; for
.., m from A IminUtralton, ui ‘utiily. six iunnths ; for
,q from Ouardiansinp, weekly, forty days
. r u F'HW'Liisw# or MiurSiiMi, monthly, four
i. ! r establishing lost papers, for the full space of
a mihj ; for coin|>eUing titles from executors or ad
,rr*t >rs where a bond has been given by the deceased,
, (i: v ll ’* three months.
tters ad.lres.se l to S. ROSE A CO.
prfowioaal jS iitriiiiPM Tien.
t .. ~ tit Ajru Sosisut Cast's will he inserted under
.. . -.i,t the followiug rates, via :
. furee lines, per annum, 9 A *•**
Seven lines, do 10 •")
Ten lines, do 12 M
Twelve lines, d0.................. ....... 1A nil
\ s.lrert.sements of this class will be admitted, unless
t ■,r in advance, nor for a leas term than twelve months.
.r-.-r nentsof over twelve Hues wdlbccharged r*o aara.
■ rtrtiseiuents not paid for In advance will be charged at
•s.rtyal*r rates.
KPaGULAH MEETINGS
Or MASON'S, KNIGHT TEMPI. ARS, ODD FKL-
IsD SONS OF TiaPIS ANi'K,
HELP IX THE CITT OP Mar OX.
MASONS.
-,nd Lodge of Georgta for 1390, October 91st.
, r Loire, Nj. 5, first and third Monday nights In each
woatfe.
ae Chapter, No. 4, second Monday night in each
V, sißgtou Council, No. u, fourth Monday night In each
. -r’ En . ainpment. Knights Templar, No. 3, Meetings
e %trj first Tuesday n ght in each month.
ODD FELLOWS.
r.ni.i Lo-lge, first Wednesday in June.
ri .l Inc impment, Tuesday previous.
t , , n Lodge, No. 2, every Thursday evening.
Ciited Brothers, No. 5, every Tuesday evening.
I, Uli i Eneiuapcwnt, N0.2, Brand tod fourth Mon
lay evenings in each month.
SONS OP TEMPERANCE.
•jrAti Dirislnn, fourth Wydnesday in October, annually.
f[p - —a. ~ I-
imiikm Uil.
W. SiaSMAI, SR. O. o. SPARKS.
HARDEMAN & SPARKS,
WARE-HOUSE
AND
Commission Merchants.
MACON, a A.,
\\ r !!.L r.ve prompt attention to the selling and Muring
\\ of Cotton, aad to the filling of orders for plantation
*: ls. ly supplie*. With many years experience and
i tk : t bw eJjrts to serve their friends, they hope to
~■* i eoaUnnanee of the liberal patronage heretofore
re. i let to them. Liberal advances made when required.
A i/a 15th 1-40. (ly )
J. B. & W. A. BOSS,
Wholesale Dry Goods Jobbers,
Corner Cherry and Second Sts.,
Mnoon, Ga.
1. addition to their large and new ‘toe* of Dry Goods,
Cl thing, Hats, ami Groceries, are receiving 500 cases
: s , fresh from the Manufacturers, to whbhttiey respect
*,!iy invite attention of Dealer* and consumers.
D. C. HODGKINS &l SON,
tiKAUfct ix axD itaxcracTcxEßX or
G-UNS,
JM.1.19W. If -
Du m mob pistols.
THOMAS MOHSK.
| \F the late firm of Himvutr A Moaaa, having pur
* “ f'i-wl the entire bu-uness, will continue the manufar-
HiMihle dans, aud best Rifles ami Pistols
r-vd a the United States,on an entirely new plan of Mr.
OCXS re-stocked and repaired in the beat manner, and on
t'V) ,r.ble terms, at short notice. The undersigned being
P?* t -al workman, will guarantee all hia work, and in-
T -'tihe public to give him a trial,
fThe stand is under the Floyd House, opposite Dr.
Titiupion’s. june 19-’6<>-y
NEW FIRM.
I, I*. STRONG & SONS. ‘
IEWIB P. STRONG tvn-
J ! r h i <rtcf i! thmki _
the lil>ral patronage m. W-*
g ’
-•Tin year*. and re-
’ > announces that he
. - with him in . js*jj :
.* n<***, hi* two con*.
tJ iAR H. STRONG and -A -
TSR W. BTK )N<•,
anlir the name, firm an.l
v.le of L. P. STRONG A
SONS, and will continue to
*~p on hand and offer, a large and elect a**ortment of
Boots §hop and L<*jll**r
° f all kinds, and Finding* for Connlry mannfactorer*. He
asks for the new firm, a continuance ot the llh
tttl *vor extended to the old.
‘•aeon, January 9,1940. jll-y
KBRRISON & LEIDING.
IMPORTERS
Foreiga and Domestic Dry Hoods,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL,
Hanoi Strppt-oiip door from King,
CHARLESTON, S. C.
*pr 80-’#o-ly*
DAVID ROSS,
BOOK-BINDE R.
■■■ A NP—
ACCOUNT BOOK MANUFACTURER.
e’* \XIIh I KS to make BLANK BOOKS ___r r
• Tor Courts, Counting Houses and Rail /*.
1 to Binds. i-i: i.mi i'4m""AiP%y
‘V' IRK with superior neatness and despatch.
MUSIC Bound with ELASTICITY ami ELEGANCE.
Law Kooks in the most approved style.
HARPERS’ WEEKLY AND MAGAZINE, GRAHAM'S,
GODKY’g, and all other Periodicals and Magaxines BOUND
in neat and cheap Bindings.
Particular attention paid to the re-binding valuable old
Books.
3T Orders from a distance will meet with prompt atten
t.on.
‘tit Door to W. HT. Parker* C o’a.
Macon, September %6, 1860.—y
OLOKGE A. STIITII,
WHOLESALt MANUFaCTVRHE OP
PLAIN AND FANCY CANDIES,
Near the New Passenger Depot,
MACON, OA.
MERCHANTS can be supplied upon as favorable terms,
with as good Candy, in peat varieties, as can be had
r'“7}: T^ om wishing to purchase are respectfully invited
t call and examine specimens.
Allordar. promptly filled, with a fresh hrttete, aad warran-J
Ttnwttd).
m. I H-U I
Georgia Junnial anb itlcssoigcr.
HOTELS.
THE STUBBLEFIELD HOUSE.
“ Like the Phcßnix from its Ashes.”
TH AT large, new and elegant House, recently erected
on the ruins of my old establishment, Mulberry street
Macon, Ha., is nos open for the reception ami aocomiuoda
tiofi of Boarder* anti transient Guests
The tioua* hun been n-wlr furnithed throughout, In the
beat manner, and the Proprietor will endeavor to make it a
FIRST CLASS HOTEL.
Its situation is eligible, a little below the Methodist and
opposhe t the Presbyterian Church, and near the Banka
and places of business.
Connected with the House is a large
Liivei*,y and Sale Stable,
where Drovers ami other* can find accommodations for
their stock
The patronage of his old friends and of the traveling pub
lic g.neraiiy, i; respectfully solicited.
nov 5-ts M. BTrBBI.FNFUI.
NEW HOTEL.
PLANTERS’ HOUSE*
MACON, GEORGIA.
ON CHERRY STREET, two th|Uhres from the Rail Road
Depot, and in the business part of the city,
nov 21-Go-y J. O. GOOD ALE, Proprietor.
CLJiTV INI ITE HALL,
WACOM, GKOBGIA.
THK Proprietor would inform his old friends and pat
rons, and the public generally, that he has made large
aUditivn* and improrrmrni* to hit House, making it as
ever comfortatde and pleasant, and in returning his thanks
to oar am <tU, he would solicit a eontiuimm-r of the pat
ronage he has heretofore so liberally received.
augW- fit)—y B. F. DENSE, Proprietor.
Brown’s Hotel,
Opposite the P&aaenger House, Macon, 6a.
By C. G. BROW \ A SOX.
MEAL* ready on the arrival of every Train. The
proprietors will spare no pains to make their guvats
comfortable. feb 22 48-’fit>~ y
TUOUT HOUSE,
HV J. I>. 6ILUGKT A CO.
Atlanta, Georgia.
sep 18 94-ts
WASHINGTON HALI.
THI9 HOUSE IS STILL OPEN TO THE PUBLIC.
SPECIAL arrangement will be made for the accommo
dation of the Members to the approaching STATE CON
VINTIOS, and the furare Session of the Legislature.
The rau* and term I at this House, will conform to those
of the other Public ileuses in this city.
N. C. BARNETT.
M illexifreville. a , Dec. 15th, ISCO.
(HISIi\ESS CARDS.
Liio rsr works,
HACOX, GEORGIA.
T. C. N I H HE TANARUS,
HA VMt. removed his KUUSDKY AND MACHINE |
WORKd to the line of the Kail Kowd near die Macon
k We-dern Shoisi. he is now prepared to manufacture all ]
kinds of
MACHINERY AND CASTINGS,
Steam Engines & Boilers,
On terms a* favorable as any Establishment either North or
South. (intr 18) T. C. SHEET.
join smomi.D, joubca aoMtnn
teoliolieUl & livo.,
FOUNDERS AND MACHINISTS
lIACON, GEORGIA.
WE are prepared to Alanufacturt- Xtea iU Engines,
CIRCULAR !>AW Ml 1.1.9, MILL and GIN GEAR
ING, fit GAR MILLS,
BRASS AND IRON CASTINGS,
Os every description IKON RAILING and VEK*
AXDAIIX. Having the most complete assortment of
iron Railing in the State, which for elegance, nettness, du
rability and deaign, cannot be surpassed, and are suitable
for the fronu of Dwellingi, Cemetery I.Lt, Public Squares,
Church Fences and Balconies.
Persons desirous of purchasing Railings will do well to
give a call, as we are determined to offer as good bargains
as any Northern Establishment.
I#- Specimens of our Work can be seen at Rose Hill
Cemetery, aud at various private residences in this city.
]ss 1-1391.
A. M’QUEEN,
MACON, GEORGIA.
MAM FA(TI REK or Wrought Iron
RAILING of every description, and for all purposes,
Plain and Ornamental, from the lightest Scroll Iron, up to
the heaviest Railing used. Having an endless variety of
New and Original Designs, purchaser* cannot fail to he suit
• 4.
Being entirely of Wrought Iron, their strength cr.nnol he
questioned, and for beauty they cannot be surpassed any
where. All kinds of Fancy Iron Work made to order. Par
ticular attention given to making all kinds of
Geometrical Stair Railings.
rs Specimens of the work can be seen at the Residences
of T. G. Holt, L. F W. Andrews and W. J. Mcklroy, Esqrs.
Also at Rose Hill Cemetery.
july 18 19-ts _
Corrugated Wrought Iron and Hire
Railing*
(Secured by iMtn* Patent.)
ADMIU ABLY adapted for enclosing Public
Grounds, Cemeteries, Balconies, Cottages, Ac. Pheep
and Ox Hurdle. Parent Wire, Sacking Bedsteads, with every
variety of Folding Iron Bedstead* and Iron Furniture. —
Patent Wire Coal Hcreens, Ore, Sand and Gravel Screens,
Wire Netting for Musquito, Sheep, Poultry and other pur
noses. Wire Summer Houses, Fancy Wire Work in great
variety for gardens, Ac. M. WALKER k SONS,
Manufacturers, No. 585 Market, N. E. Cor. 6th St., Phila
delphia. D>ct **-iy)
ZEI LIN * HUNT,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
DRUGGISTS,
MACON, GEORGIA.
feb g-’6o y
S%e w Carpet Store*
JAMES G. BAILIE,
direct isrotru o# all sisds <>r
CRTp©tin@ 9
Ran, Ffciw Oil Hullu, H mdoi ShtdH, it-
Curtain Damasks, Lace and Muslin
CURTAINS. &C.
No. 234 KINO ST., CHARLESTON, S. C.
J. G. BAILIE & BRO..
206 BROAD BTIUKT, AUGUSTA, (lA.
may 2-60-1 y*
CURTAIN GOODS,
Window Shade* and Paper Hangings.
Tlii, is the Largeet Assortment in the Southern States,
fff* Bold us accommodating terms, every article war
ranted as represented.
H. W. KINSMAN, Importer,
may *-60-1 jr*J MtKINOST., Cll AKI.RSTON, 8. C.
LAMBERTS & HOWELL
210 KING STREET,
WEST SIDE,
Importer*, Jolibprv and Dealer*. m
English, Scotch and Domestic
carpetings,
bugs, floor oil cloths,
j UHN GOODS, MATTINGS, So.
I UfAII UtrsN) . C,
MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 27, 18(11.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
J. lIH4>IIAH. Jr.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MAI'ON, LA.
and vi i ii i: on Cotton Avenue ov> r the Baptist Book
” f Store, room formerly occupied by Dr. (jreen.
feh l-ly
8. K. i'OOk,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MACON, OF.OROIA.
OK HI K with Speer A Hunter, over Bostick’* Store.
Feh. 20, ISI— /
LAHAK (ORB,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MiCOft, GEORGIA,
OFKK Bm Mulberry street, over the Store of A. M.
iilackstiear A Cos., in boardunn’s Washington Hloek.
Will practice in Hibh, Crawford, llooly, Houston, Macon,
Twiggs, Worth, and Sumter. fth 27-y
LAW CARD.
MESSRS. COOK, ROBINSON k MONTFORT,
Wi I L. practice Law in the counties of Taylor, Macun,
Houston, Dooly, Suiuter, Marion, Schley, and in such
other counties in the State as their business will authorise.
tATinnti: 111 0 lei liorpe.
PHILIP COOK,
W H ROBINSON,
®un2tVo-tf T. W. MONTFORT.
1. MX. JBO. a. HILL
Laiv Partnership.
HILL & HILL,
(SUCCISSOHS TO TH I ATE FIRM OF STTBBS A HILL.)
Will practice in the Macon and adjoining Circuits,
and in the Supreme and Federal Courts, the same as
heretofore by the late firm of Stubbs A Hill.
The undersiged will close up the business of the late firm
of Stubbs A Hill, as speedily as possible ; and to this end, all
persons indebted to said firm, are requested to make pay
ment at as early a day as practicable.
B. HILL, Surviving partner of
August 24,1859 —28-ts Stubbs A Hill^
LAIVIEB <Y jftJVMSMM,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
MACON, A.
PRACTICE in the Counties of the Macon Circuit, and in
the Counties of Sumter, Monroe and Jones ; also in the
•'ederal Courts at Savannah.
[apr 21 ’SB-1 y]
CULVEKHOI’SE A ANttLEI.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
KNOXVILLE AND FORT VALLEY, OA.
G. P. CULVF.RHOUSE, F A. ANSI.EY,
Knoxville, Ga. Fort Valley, Ga.
octßl-’CO-ly
I*. V WIITTLL
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
M.<COA r , tifJOUOIA..
■)FFICE next to CONCERT HALL,over Payne’s Drug Store
Jip.l, [IMy.l
THOMAS K. CABAAISS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Forsiytli, G-a.
Wll.l, attend promptly to all business entrusted to his
care in the Counties of Monroe, Bibb, Ifutts, Crawford,
nes, Pike, Spalding and Upson. [may 12 ’sß]
PSfItPLSS ACABAIiM,
ATTORNEYS at law,
FOUMYTII, A.
WILL practice law in t*ie counties ol Monroe, Bibb, Up
son, Pike, Spalding, Henry and Butts. Mr. CAbanlss
will give prompt and constant attention to the coll ’lion and
securing of debts and claims
0. PfcKPLfc*, GKO. A*CABANISS.
formerly of Athens, Ga. 6 ly.
JOEL R. GRIFFIN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MACON, GEORGIA.
WII.I* practice in the Counties of M.ioon and the ad
joining Circuit*. Also in the fountie* of the West and
South-West Georgia, accessible by Rail Road.
fjgr Partirulai personal attention given to collecting.
S’W m office with O. A. Lochrane, Damour’s Building, 2d
Street. feb 22-’**—4B- ts
DAWSON & KIBBKeT
Attorneys iinil I'ouiisellors at Lav,
Office at Hawkinsviile and Vienna, Ga.
MR, K. wilt have the entire collecting, and he and Mr.
0. all litigation. They will practice law and give at
tention to any business that may be entrusted to their man
agement, in ttie counties of
Pulaski, Lowndes, Dooly, Wilcox,
Brooks, Houston, Irwin, Echols,
Macon, Telfair, Clinch, Worth,
Coffee, Ware, Berrien, Appling,
Laurens, Pumpter, Pierce, Twiggs,
Lee, Miller, Baker, Dougherty.
In Supreme Court at Macon, Mllledgeville and davannah,
and United States Circuit Court at Havannah, and also all
the adjoining counties, on special engagement,
caa’a. c. xibbkr. thohus h. dswsoh.
apr 11, 4 I9o—y.
Ops. TDOHALD A VAX GIESEA,
DENTISTS,
OOlcc In Washington Block, .llneon, Gn„
ELECTRICITY USED IN EXTRACTING TEETH.
MCDONALD’!* Tooth Paste always <sa
on hand and for sale. Dentists ran be
supplied with the finest style of TEETH,
Gold Foil, Gold and Silver Plate and Wire,
Lathe Fixtures, Ac., also with any kind of Instruments or
Materials on short notice. oet 18
A. C. loORE,
n K IST,
THOMA-STON, O-A...
OFFICE over Dr. Thompson’s Store. My work Is my
Reference. (apr T -ts ]
t HIS,’
Corner Mulberry Street and Cotton A rem/e,
IMCO.I, GEOHUIA,
MILM 1H
LAW, CLASSICAL MKDICAL. SCHOOL AMI MISCELLWKOtS
15 O OKS,
Blank Book*, of all kinds ; Record Books, for County purpo
ses, Stationery, Drawing Paper, Roll Paper, Wa
ter Colors, Artists 1 Oil Colors, Boxes of
Oil and Water Colors.
MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS,
Mathematical and Engineering Book*, Copying Presses and
Books. Writing Desk-. Portfolios, Pocket Books, Gam
mon Boards, Writing fluids, and Inks of all kinds,
Indelible Inks, Faber k I.ubin’s Drawing Pen
oils. Steel and Gold Pens, Ac., Ac., together
with all the various articles usually
found in a
13 O O Iv S T O KE.
ALSO, AGENT OF THE
Southern Mutual lusurancoCoinp’ny.
February 111, 1861. —v
Bank Checks.
I1 H F.CKS on all Banks of the city, for sale. Ah*,
HI lAN KS !
Os every variety, and to correspond with the renral Jaws J
the Htate. At the Jonronl Htut J/rswayrr it^fee.
SAMUEL W. PEPPER,
SUCCBSHOR TO
HMTBY I PUPPER * SOH •
Watches, Jewelry and Silverware,
ISo. It*, (SUafaMrf (opposite the State AhnJ.
FlH.4lli.HU.
Ms II -l| #
FOR THE JOURNAL AND MRSSENORR.
A Mlletl Purpose an Element of
Suceew.
A settled purpose in life —a specific object
of pur-Ulit is an essential clement of success
in human affairs. Indeed, it is presumption
for us to hope for success without it. Those
who do succeed without it owe their fortune
more to mceident than to any principle of
l*h iloxophy.
The history of our race in nil ages estab.
lislies the correctness of this position. Those
who have been successful in life have gener
ally been men of one business. They first
selected their occupation, and then brought
all their resources to bear upon that point,
and as a very natural result success generally
crowned their efforts. A want of this great
balance-wheel of character seems to he a
desideratum of this age and country. So
much so, that when we compare the present
generation with the past, in this respect, we
feel to exclaim with the old heathen Philos
opher, “ 0 tempora ! 0 mores /” The
former are greatly changed, the latter great
ly corrupted.
Many of our young men start out in life
full of hope and ambitious of success, hut
having no settled purpose in view—no good
to which they wish to direct their efforts,
they run at random and thus fail to win.
How many of our young men do we see
now-a-days spending their p r ecious time and
wasting the vigor of their manhood in fruit
less experiments, vainly hoping that “ for
tune’s wheel,” by some lucky circumstance
will turn in their favor. Alas ! how few of
them ever realize their fond hopes.
But this is a remarkably fast age, and
there seems to be a wonderful mania abroad
in the laud for keeping up with the age, no
matter liow fast it travels, nor where it
leads to.
“ Voung America ” can't nftortl to follow
anything /okj that doesn’t pay Jast. Hence
it is an very uncommon thing to find the
same man engaged in almost a halt dozen
kinds of business in the short space of one
year, and others in almost as many kinds at
one and the same time. We are often forci
bly reminded of the quaint old saying in
looking at such characters, “.Jaeic at all
trades anil yood at none.”
Let, us illustrate this by a principle of
science. Natural Philosophy teaches that
in order to produce the greatest heat the
rays must be converged to a given point, or
to the smallest possible space ; for the less
space a given number of rays cover, the
greater will be the heat produced. It is
upon this principle that we account mainly
for the difference in the temperature of the
seasons, which we denominate Winter and
summer. Now to those who have not made
thorn selves conversant with philosophical
principles it would seem reasonable to sup
pose that the sun is much nearer our earth
in summer than in winter, and that this is
the cause ot the increase of heat during the
summer season. Rut such is not the ease.
Exactly the reverse is true. It has been
long since ascertained by astronomical cal
culation, that this tiery orb is about three
millions >f miles nearer us in January than
in July. The difference in the temperature
of these seasons is owing mostly to the sun s
attitudein relation to the earth. In winter his
attitude is such that his rays fall obliquely
upon the earth, and consequently are scat
tered ovrr a much larger space than in sum
mer, when his position is such as that his
rays fall upon the earth in nearly perpendic
ular direction. Hence at one time we pant
under the burning rays of a summers sun
and sigh for shady glens and cooling brooks;
and again shiver amid winter’s “ wolfish
winds” as they leap forth from the snow-clad
mountain summit, or sweep across “the dark
and deep blue ocean.” This may teach u?
a lesson.
Concentration in nature warms and gives
life —divergence chills and destroys. So in
human action, concentration of our resources
will, in most instances, secure success in our
undertakings, while a want of it. will defeat,
our purposes and blast our hopes.
Then let the young man first make a jn
dicious selection in the choice of an occupa
tion, bend all his energies to that calling,
and never abandon it until he has reached
the very ultimatum of his resources. When
this is the case few will fail of success.
W. I*. Pledger.
Letter from Bish'op Hopkins. —Bishop
TTopkins, of Vermont, has addressed to his
people one of the most powerful*letters in
behalf of the right of humanity and slavery
that these troublesome times have brough 1
forth. In concluding it he says .
In conclusion, I would only say that I am
perfectly aware how distasteful my senti
ments must be, on this very set ious question,
to the great majority of my respected follow
citizens,.in the region where 3>ivine Provi
dence has cast my lot. It would assuredly
be far more agreeable if I eouhl conscientious
ly conform to the opinion of my friends, to
whoso ability, sincerity and ceal, I am ready
to give all just commendations. But it
would be mere more’ cowardice in me to
suppress what. I believe to be truth, for the
sake of popularity. It cannot be long before
I shall stand at the tribunal of the almighty
and unering Judge, who has given us the
inspired Scriptv res to be our supreme direc
tory in every it icral and religious duty. My
gray hairs adu ionisli me that. I may soon be
called to give an account, of my stewardship.
And I have n o fear of the sentence which
he will pronounce upon an honest though
hnmblc*effor*u to sustain the authority of Ilis
W ord, in jiy itlilliance with the Constitution,
the peace * and the public welfare of the
country, •
From the Country LltntUmon.
Haw ihcy I'armi-d In <1 real HrllalnSev.
en t’enmrlp** Ago.
The soil of Great Britain is capable, ii
ordinary seasons, of producing aubsistenci
for a population of sixteen millions. Dur
ing the period immediately succeeding the
Norman invasion, the population to be fed
is believed to have beeu less than two mil
lions: yet an unfavorable season always oc
casioned severe distress. From the time of
the advent of the Gonquerer, to the end of
the reign of Henry Beauclerk, was about
seventy years; and within those years there
were in England fifteen famines. Very of
ten the old chronicler is constrained to rec
ord “a swinkful and sorrowful yeara
“very heavy and troublesome year,” occur
ring through scarcity, pestilence, murrain,
impositions, bad weather and rapine. And
the lone desolating reign of Stephen was
marked by a lawlessness more injurious to
agriculture than untoward seasons.
Still, agriculture was highly estimated.—
The use of manures was carried to a much
greater extent than ever before, and not on
ly was the old practice of marling the land
continued, hut the more expensive applica
tion of chalk was not uncommon. Over
flowing rivers were embanked and restrain
ed ; great extents of country were inclosed
and drained ; orchards were planted; and
impassible quagmires were converted into
rich meadows and fertile fields. The drain
ing of the fens of Linconshire was commenc
ed : licenses to exjsirt eorn were not unfre
quently granted ; and cargoes of what
Henry of Huntingdon calls “most, precious
wool,” were annually sent over to Germa
ny. .
The improvements in agriculture and gar
dening were introduced by the monks.—
Familiar with the best methods pursued in
Normandy, they transplanted the arts with
which they were acquainted, as well as the
germs they had nurtured, and their intelli
gence enabled them to apply their skill on
the ample estates wrested from vanquished
natives, who were but indifferent, husband
men, Not onlv did the inferior orders of
this foreign elergy labor in the fields, but
august prelates reaped corn, and potent
arcli-bishops made hay, whilo all who mo
lested them were promptly exoomrnunic-at.-
4’
Tii most, parts of the country they plowed
the land once in winter and twice in slim
mer, to prepare it for wheat. The value of
a wood was determined by the number of
hogs it. would support, the mast which fell
in the autumn being of more value than the
timber. The owners of woodland let, at a
fixed sum, the right of turning swine into
the forest. There were many vineyards
newly planted, although no great quantity
of wine was made. Parks of game began
to be kept by persons of distinction. The
price of wheat at this period (lOfiG to 1199)
ranged from two to six shillings the quar
ter, and a scale was framed which fixed the
weight c’ the farthing loaf of the baker, at
each fluctuation. In scarce years the price
sometimes rose to a pound. Oats were usu
ally four pence the quarter. Jn 1185, liens
rated at a half penny each ; sheep at five
and a half pence, and hogs a shilling.
The price which sympathises with and
regulates all other prices, is that of labor.
It appears to have ranged, at the period un
der consideration, from three farthings to a
penny a day, with victuals, not including,
however, wheaten bread and beer. The
entire yearly earnings of laborers amounted
to about four pounds. fn 1212, a pair of
Oordovon boots for the king are charged 2s.
fid. A sack of wool at the same time bro’t
£!) Os. Bd. A few years later, a lot with
stone building, in London, sold for two
pounds.
Although the Normans introduced a more
stately and durable style of architecture than
had hitherto prevailed, yet the palaces and
castles of the most wealthy country gentle
men, and indeed, of the nobles, also, boasted
no more luxurious carpets than littered
straw or rushes; and no more sumptuous
beds than rugs spread upon coarse wooden
benches, or upon the floor. The possessor
of the broadest acres in the realm could not
furnish his guest with a fork, at his best
banquet.
Several large estates were held upon the
condition of supplying fresh straw for the
royal bed*, anti abundant litter for the apart
ments of the palace; while several more
were held by the tenure of dressing a repast
of diligrout, or a dish of karumpie. The
Chancellor (Becket,) was regarded as exces
sively extravagant, because in his lavish
munificence, he spread his dining-room with
clean hay every morning in winter, and
with green branches and leaves every morn
ing in summer.
The farm laborer was content with bread
made of rye, oats and barley; and Itotli lie
and his employer were compelled to put out
all their fires and lights at the ringing of
the curfew (or covvre few, that is, cover-fire?)
hell, which took place at sunset in summer,
and at eight o’clock in winter.
Shoeing horses with iron was now first
introduced, and the Normans were most ac
complished horsemen.
Having in a former number presented
some account of English agricultural and
industrial affairs, under the Saxons, we have
now brought our summary down to a pe
riod subsequent to the advent of the Nor
mans. Our next article will give a bird’s
eye view of the condition of things existing
a couple of centuries later ; and in a fourth
paper wo shall present a comprehensive and
concise view of the legal and social positions
of the different ranks of the people of whom
we have occasion to speak in the course of
these essays. Hampden.
The Love of Gold.—The treasure of
some men is gold, and the love of it grows
so strong as to become idolatrous. Such
men never rise above the merest drudgery
in the world. They eat and drink, hut it is
to enahlejt heni successfully to toil on. Morn
ing, noon, and night, it is the same drnding
slavery and submission to the cravings of a
vicious appetite. There is not one noble
sentiment or feeling can live in their heart,
because the lust of gain fills it so completely
as to leave no room for anything else. They
can do nothing hut grovel, like an earth
worm, eating dust, and easting out then
slime, in order to form a pathway
which to crawl. It is pitiable and sad to
think of, but it is a sight too often seen in
this sin stricken world of ours.
Doubt is oftentimes Faith trying her little
wings in the great air, and fluttering back
i to her earthly nest.
Cotton in England.
The London Times of the 22d ultimo, in
mother article deploring the political diffi
culties in this country, adverts to them in a
•ommercial point of view, and especially as
regards an adequate supply of cotton for the
Manufacturers of England. On this point
t says:
“ Not a doubt exists about the resources
it our command. Cotton can be grown al
most. as commonly as wheat. The best seeds
and the best staples are now well understood,
ind the proper methods of cleaning and
packing can be easily taught. The rest is
the work of a year or two. Hinee the publi
ntiou of our last remarks on this subject we
have received a communication from one of
the societies interested in African civiliza
tion, informing us that the progress of eot
tou cultivation at Abbeokuta, as aetutally
recorded, L such as to match the beginnings
of even American enterprise. In 1850 that
obscure though productive region sent about
half a bale of cotton to England In 1855
this medium had been increased about forty
fold, and in 1800 it actually amounted to
2,000 bale?.. We are assured that the dis
trict could easily grow cotton enough for
the consumption of all Lancashire, and we
are asked whether the introduction of skilled
negroes from the United States would not
soon give us anew Charleston on the Afri
can coast, ‘i From India the offers are the
same. If in 1857 India could send us, as
she did, 080,000 bales, it is fair enough to
presume that, under the pres a ure and with
the encouragement- of a strong demand, she
could raise her supplies to 1,000,000 bales—
nearly half of our immediate wants. Then,
again, there is Australia, actually inquiring
for a staple article of produce, and desirous
of nothing better than to be set to cotton
growing for England. \\ edo not dissem
ble the particular difficulty of the case. We
have repeatedly observed, and we acknowl
edge once more, that America has got the
call of the market. It is not that her ad
vantage might not be equalled in the end by
those of Australia or India; but at present
she enjoys all those facilities of organization
aud traffic which would have to be created
elsewhere. The creation would be perfectly
practicable, but it has still to be accomplish
ed, and in the mcau time there ia the old
tpliioned firm, with its capital, iu connex
ions, ami all that makes businesss profitable,
yet. uudamaged. Nobody can say, however,
that the security will last a month longer,
and beside that our national interests call
imperatively for new supplies. It is worth
reflecting that, if the agriculture of the
Slave States should be ruined, there will be
a trade of £40,000,000 a year to be picked
up bv some other countries.”
Thi* Charm of Lil>.
There are a thousand things in this world
to afflict and sadden —but oh ! how many
that are beautiful and good. The world
teems with beauty —with objects that glad
den the eye and warm the heart. We might
be happy if we would. There are ills that
cannot escape —the approach of disease and
death; of misfortune; the sunderiug of the
early ties, and the canker-worm of grief
hut the vast majority of evils that beset us
might be avoided. The curse of intemper
ance, interwoven as it is with all the liga
ments of society, is one which never strikes
but to destroy. There is not one bright
page upon the record of its progress—noth
ing to shield it from the heartiest execration
of the human race. It should not exist—it
must not. Do away with all this—let wars
come to an end, and let friendship, charity,
love, purity and kindness mark the inter
course between man and man. We are too
selfish, as if the world was made for us alone.
How much happier would we be, were we
to labor more earnestly to provide for each
other’s good. Clod has blest us with a home
that is not dark. There is sunshine every
where —in the sky, upon the earth—there
would be in moat hearts if we would look
around us. The storm dies away, and a
bright sun shiues out. Summer drops her
tinted curtains upon the earth, which is very
beautiful, when autumn breathes her chang
ing breath upon it. God reigns in heaven.
Murmur not at a being so good, and we can
live happier than we do.
A Goon a x i) a Poor Cow’. —Few old
farmers ever realize the differenee in profit
between keeping good and poor stock. The
following from Goodale’s “Principles of
Breeding/’ we commend to the careful at
tention of every one who has thp least idea
of becoming a farmer, or of keeping even a
cow. It should make an impression never
to be forgotten : “Let ns reckon a little.—
Suppose a man wishes to buy a cow. Two
are offered him, both four years old, and
which might probably be serviceable for ten
years to come. With the same fond and
attendance the first, will yield for ten months
in the year an average of five quarts per day
—and the other for the same term will yield
seven quarts, and of equal quality. What
is the comparative value of each ? The dif
ference in yield is six hundred quarts per
annum. For the purpose of this calcula
tion we will suppose it worth three cents
per quart—amounting to eighteen dollars.—
Is not the second cow, while she holds out
to give it, as good as the first, and three
hundred dollars at interest besides ? If the
first just pays for her food and attendance,
the second, yielding two-lifths more, pays
forty per cent, profit annually; and yet. how
many farmers having two such eows for sale
would make more than ten, or twenty, or at
most thirty dollars differenee in the price ‘
The profit from one is eighteen doiiurs a
year—in ten years one hundred and eighty
dollars, besides the annual accumulations of
interest —the profit ot the other is noth
ing. If the seller has need to keep one,
would he not be wiser to give away the
first than to part with the second for a hun
dred dollars f
Good Farmer. —“Sambo, is vour master
a good fanner?”
“ O yes, fuss rate farmer —he make two
crops in one year.’’
“How is that, Sambo?”
“ Why, he sell all his hay in de fall, and
make money once ; den in de spriug he sell
de hides of de cattle dat die for want of de
hay, and make money twice.”
A man’s want of conversation generally
arises from his supposing that his mind is like
Fortunatus’ purse, and will always furnish
him without putting anything into it.
llnjuriks.— Christianity commands us to
pass by injuries; policy,.to let them pass by
us.— Jrrm nA.tin.
VOLUME XXXIX—NO. !.
. lieu. AND C-ILMER.—The IUI
- upon full and sufficient au
,ua kes the following statement:
and \rt that Ir -. Bell, °f Tennessee,
seats in Mr TT’ State, were offered
n 8 Cabinet Mr. Bell
replied that under the circumstances ho
could not accept unless the incoming Presi
dent would furnish him with a written pro
gramme of his policy; that if this should be
[done, and he thereby assured that no move-
I ment would bo made by the President and
his Cabinet inimical to his section, and he
should be also thus assured that he would
lie able to act harmoniously with the admin
istration, he would accept a place in the
cabinet. A special programme was not fur
nished, but ho was refei red to the Inaugu
ral as embodying the views of the President .
Mr. Gilmer, we learn, made the same reply;
but in both cases, the position referred to
were at first declined, and the terms as
above given were not required until they
wore pressed a second time to occupy seats
in the cabinet.”
The Richmond Whig adds:
e have good reason ourselves for be
lieving that the South could have obtained
three or four ot the cabinet appointments, if
gentlemen had been willing, under the cir
cumstances, to accept them.” Their refusal
is highly honorable to Southern Whigs.
Hades Coming.— The sudden appearance
of oil in such immense quantifies in regions
where it could not have existed hut a short
time, has given rise to a very alarming theo
ry, alarming to some people, as to its cause.
The latest and most feasible is, that the in
ternal fires of the earth known to exist are
making their way to the surface, where, in
accordance with the prophecy, “the elements
are to melt, with fervent heart.” The calor
ie from these subterranean fires has just
reached the coal strata, and the oil which
forms the igneous portion of that carbonatie
compound is driven from if, and forced by
superincumbent pressure to occupy fissures
and the softer formations of the earth be
low, until relieved by apertures from the
surface. Those living in the coal regions
and nparu?t Ifade?, of course, find oil first.
—Richmond Tl7< ig.
NinHT and Rest.—lt is night, and here
is home. Gathered under the quiet roof,
elders and children lie alike at rest. In the
midst of a great peace and calm the stars
look out from the heavens. The silence is
peopled with the past ; sorrowful remorses
for sins and shortcomings memories of
passionate joys and griefs rise out of their
grave, both now alike calm and sad. The
town and thf fair landscape sleep under the
starlight, wreathed in the autumn mists
Twinkling among the houses a light keeps
watch here and there, in what may be a sick
chamber or two. The clock tolls sweetly in
the silent air. Here night and rest. An
awful sense of thanks mak. s the heart swell,
and the head bow, as I pass to my room,
through the sleeping Louse, and feel as
though a hushed blessing were upon it
Keeping thf Sabbath.— God it revered
by the services which multitudes pay him,
and delight to pay him on the sabbath, as
they take an offering and come into his courts
We look upon these Sabbath gathering over
all the land, as the evidence of a deep-seated,
far reaching piety, which clings to the arm
of God as the nation's only fortress and
refuge. They are the exponents of a devotion
al sentiment which the world cannot smoth
er or repress. They are a hopeful sign of
present and future, springing from the liber
al hand of a Father who loves to pour bene
factions down in answer to the adoration of
beseeching souls. And so long as the Sab
bath is observed in its integrity, we will not
tremble for the safety of the ark either of
our religious or civil liberties.
The Dandt and the Statesman— John
Randolph, the celebrated orator and states
man, was in a tavern lying on a sofa in the
parlor waiting for the stage to come to the
door. A dandified chap stepped into the
room with a whip in his hand, just come
from a drive and, standing before the mirror,
arranged his hair and collar, quite uncon-
I scious of the presence of the gentleman on
*he sofa. After attitudinizing a while, he
turned to go out, when Mr Randolph asked
him: —“Has the stage come?” “Stage, sir,
sta^re!” said the iqp, “I’ve nothing to do
with it sir.” “Oh ! I beg your pardon,”
said Randolph, quietly, thought you
were the driver.”
The types are the men-of-arms of the
world’s later and greatest generals, and when
they receive the leader’s command, their
columns make the world’s heart tremble
with enthusiasm and beat time to their
marches.
I have known a good old man, who when
he heard of any one that had committed
some notorious offence, was wont to say with
in himself, “ He fell to-day, so T may to
morrow —Bern a rd.
The grave is indeed hallowed, when the
grass ot the church-yard can cover all mem
ory save that of love.
Tnt United States Navy. —The Navai Register
i'or 1861, just published, gives the following list
of naval vessels r 10 liow-of-battle ship®, 10 sailing
ngates, 21 sailing sloops of-war, sailing brigs, 1
ichooner, and 6 storeships ; total, 61 sailing ve
ioU: and |7 firsi-ck*9 steam propelieros, 6 secood
lass ditto) 2 second class (old and warn) ditto, 12
iteam gunboats, 2 screw tenders, 4 first-class side
vbeel steamers, 1 second-class ditto, 8 third class
iitto, 1 side-wheel steam tender, and 2 steam
ttoreships. Total, 42 steamers, 99 ships in all.
About 2o of them are serviceable men of-war of
nodern stamp.
Reception or Mrs. Davis.— Numbers of our eiti
/.ens, consisting of both ladies and gentleman,
called at the Exchange yesterday to pay their res
jectsto the accomplished wife of President Davis.
>be exhibits, to a remarkable degree, that biaud
iessof manner which form the eoief corner etona
if the social fabric and has won upon the afleo
ions of all who did themselves the pleasure Ot
>aying a visit. —Montgomery Adeer^ier.
Ten States have “members to the
test U. S. Congress and in cosequence no extra
I 9 " 508 “diHii?cJinSTSiV Kentucky* Kan
‘7 MamUnd, New Hampshire North Carolina,
dhode Island, Tennessee and Virginia.
Alteration or the Oath op Tax Pate*S.—
vVe have been requested to call the attention
.f Tax Payers to the oath that they will have to
,ake, that they may prepare themselves belore ma
king their returns to the Receiver* ot Tax Returns.
Heretofore, Tax payer* generally have neglected
0 designate their wild or unimproved lands prop
>rlv on the Tax books, by failing to give then, m
>y numbers aud districts. The las _“
imended the oath of the Tax payer by ‘ C
him to swear that he has “f c*n t* *V ****** *<*
district.”