About The Savannah Republican. (Savannah, Ga.) 1858-1865 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 18, 1865)
VOL. LXV- [NEW SERIES.] SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 18, 1865. [PRICE 5 CENTS.] NO. 193 I VTfF' REPUBLICAN .K. HAYES ; Kditor and Proprietor 'TorERTISINC. c^niri' of TEN lines Nonpariel type or space oc- ^ the same number of lines, $2 first insertion, r=; ,iC<1 ■ i, continuation, . , , V•^■j'^aare—^ for first insertion; 50 cents for each • ■'.JslS'per tmndred; sabscriptfon [by mail r ^: r j $10 per annum; single copies, 5 cento. : i'^hrrtisements must be pastor at the Counting A : IVerLas to insertion, and if handed in by 8 p. 5 in the morning edition. VANNAH, GEORGIA. I'jtlDAY MOBN1NG, AEG’T 1 8. matter on every page. War in South America. for poor to good, and 35a40c for fancy State, and 20a 28c for Western, per lb. Cheese is in rather more request at 9al5 3-4a for poor to very choice, per lb. Sugars.—Have been inactive at former quota- tions. Sales since our last 230 hhde. Cuba, Ac. at 11 7-Soal4 l-2c, and 165 boxes Havana at 12 3-4cal3 5 8c, per ib. Refined Sugars continue quiet at 14 l-2al9 3-4o per Ib. Stearins.—Sales 31,000 lbs, at 22 l-2a23c per lb. Tallow.—Sales 135,000 lbs, at 12al3c; and 54,000 lbs Grease at 12al4 l-2o per lb. Tobacco—Is lesB active but firm; sales 235 hbds lventueky at 7 l-2a24e; 136 cases Seed Leaf at 7a23o per lb. Teas.—Are quiet at somewhat regular prices. Whisky—Has been in moderate demand at $2 19 per gallon. Sales, 300 bbls. The Freedmen in Maryland. Visit to the Government Farms—Eight Hun dred Freedmen at Work—How They are Treated—The Crojys, Sf c. [•(rapture of Cor ientes from the Brazilians, Triple Alliance Treaty Between Brazil, Uruguay and the Argentine Republic. &c. itc. Ac. The great war, involving three nations, is ; n ; rea ,ing in extent. A short sharp battle was fou -lit on the 23d Jane, resulting in the cap- tureirom the Paraguayans by Gen. Faunero, • the city of Corrientes, capital of the province (.[the same name. It was a bold movement and was well conducted and well fought. He t i,c city at the point of the bayonet, but Ihcre were 'telegraphic wires connecting with ,!„. Paraguayan capital, and before the cannon ading ended six thousand men started for a reinforcement, and General Pannero had to re- hn June 4, a large number of dead and wounded arrived. Some one hundred to two hundred had to be sent to the hospital, where manv have since died. Several young men of p.iij families here were among the twenty-six tiiiia-rs that fell killed or wounded. President Lopez still keeps bis forces in three strong divisions—one in Paraguay, one j.p,grossing through the province of Corrien- tes, and one about to enter the Brazilian prov ince of Rio Grande. President Mitre leaves this city in a few days as Commander-in- i hid' in the field. It is said that President i.ope/., of Paraguay, will also take the field in for son. The Paraguayans have fired on a small boat belonging to the British man-of-war Dotorell, near Hamantal, Paraguay. It seems a small mat was sent to the Brazilian squadron, and '■u its return, unchallenged, a band of one hundred soldiers fired on her, killing one man. it has stirred up the English here greatly.— Two other men wounded have since died, so s*v< Gen. Paunero in his dispatches. The Xacion Argentina states that at the last r.v.ires there were upwards of twenty thou- •a; 1 men in the Brazilian army in the vicinity i t Concordia, and that the allied forces were "itiuntrating at that point, so that General -'hire, upon hts arrival there, would find thir- ■: thousand men of all arms ready to meet The Brazilian squadron continued to block ade the three mouths of the Plate, the crews gong every day to the Island of Atajo for tin the 11th of June the plenipotentiaries of the Empire of Brazil, the Argentine Republic t n i t ruguay ratified the treaty of triple offen- Sl;c and defensive alliance between these e. untries. Sennor Silveira da Motta had made a speech ta the Brazilian Senate urging upon the gov ernment the necessity of communicating the hxt d this treaty to the Legislature; but he declined to press the matter upon the Presi dent of the Senate, declaring that it would not expedient to give publicity to the stipula tions of the treaty for the present. According to the Siglo of Montevideo a ves- se. was expected from Rio Janeiro with arms ‘or six thousand men, forwarded by the Bra- ? :ians to the Argentine government. There " era no Brazilian forces remaining at Pay- New York markets. r New York, August 12, 1865. loffkk—Is in limited demand at former lces - We ‘laote: Java at 25c a 2Gc; Rio at U' . T'ltzracaibo at 19c a 22c; Laguayra the a 22c; 8t. Domingo at 17 l-2c a 17 Native Ceylon at 22 l-2c a 23c per lb, in more steady request Middlings, 45c a 4Gc ' bid. t -l. Cotton—Has been in a*- rteady quotations. rib. Foot s.—Southern Fionr is in less demand Joopmg^ prices. Sales since our last, 800 '• “t i.85 a $9 f or p 00r to ggo^ and 9.10a •or good to very choice extra brands, .... C anadian Flour is heavy and lower. “ otubbls. Extra at $6.60 a $9 per bbl. i r , UfJ' ^ orn has been in good request, clos- | er toorc firmly. Sales since our last, b; ,,: U 7 S at a “0c for unsound, and 90 q . 4 ’ -“for sound mixed Western, per bushel. •Uv ^ ats have been in good demand, at Vitale at G2c. per bushel, i: , - ,, been in moderate demand at 95c. ,' u 01 °‘“> and 75c.a85c. for new, per 100 't<viv 'U as been in fair request at ;‘“eluding Porto Rico at 62c.a y' ‘ ^“ha at 38c.a60c. per gallon, sir, ] ^ Stores—Have been in limited de- •ii ib,. o d l n S Crude Turpentine at $7 per spirits Turpentine, within a range “dal.35 ^ gallon, and Rosin at ,, P" r -80 lbs. nri- wt, . * Jeen T 11 ' 61 hut steady, including hi;«i-nU t$1 -‘- 5al - 3 °; bleached do. at beachen’s ’ Cru<ie S P erm at $2 15a2.25; un- Cr r at S2.25a2.35 ; Lard Oil at $1.85 tip,,- ,', l8e ed at $l.i9al.2l; Red Oil at 85 p,. T . T Jiease Oil at $l.45al.50 per gallon. c-.r,;i n um? 8 ’ &c —The supply of Potatoes Jhent m ar,ie ’ aDdtbe prospects are that the T- a j n , °P be an abundant one. Prices 4.,. er io o — T uote New Potatoes thus :— Vkivp "“-.VU > Jackson Whites, $1.50a2 ; Unions Dyckman, $1.50a2.— jr ino 1 «?? per U '’ S'2a3; Cabbages, new, »fi j, T “ rni Ps, new, White, per ~ > Turmps, Russia, new, per bbl., Jj '‘h'dlUf NS ir^ n,; ^eat-i have been in demand V. s 3 K. Shoul ? era ’ and 19 1-9*33 l-2o for q u : e( tnal to 450 pkgs. Bacon oon- fouxi. rat r, noin I n ?h bird has been in less JUl l-4a24 t ?’ ® a J es 1,300 tierces and bbls ^render.,, ,® ia tter rate for very ehcioe ?-®and at jti tuFUi^l h, ee f has been in good 81.; 67.50 t PPi httf nun rules for Ertr * Ueu > 50al2 50 l8ss - Sales, 909 bbls. Prime Mess is'in limit*^ 22 5 ®a25per tierce. “ Umlte(1 demand and heavy at 30a35o [Correspondence of the Baltimore American.^ Government Barms, Md., Aug. 7, 1865. Through the kindness of Lieutenant E. F O’Brien, Superintendent of the government farms on the Paxutent river, we were extended an invitation to visit and view the working of the new system of free labor inaugurated by the emancipation proclamation. Taking the government steamer Iolas, Capt. Benton, we were soon steaming over the glis tening waters of the Chesapeake bay, with its white sails streaming in the sunlight, its blue bosom heaving gently to the zephyrs which wafted over its surface, the ecceqtric porpoise here and tberq disporting in its cooling depth and anon circling over its white-capped waves. A pleasant change indeed from the close at mosphere of the city as we coursed our way, not “like a thing of'life”—unless it be a testa- tious animal of the snail species—but still an acceptable trip, as we were not pushed for time. Although speaking in somewhat dis paraging terms of the old steamer, we must-do the captain the jostice to say that he contribu ted largely to our enjoyment, not being of so ancient a pattern as the craft he commanded, but a modern as well as model specimen of the whole-souled steamboat captain. Arrival at the Farm. Arriving at the mouth of the Patuxent river we anchored for the night, and at early dawn ran up to the “Government Farms,” passing through a rolling country with good bottom lands, and dotted here and there with venera ble country mansions, with their numerous outbuildings neatly whitewashed and surround ed by umbrageous foliage. We passed on up the river to the headquarters of the Farms, which is situated on and embraced in the estate of Colonel Sothoron, the rebel citizen who murdered Lieutenant White some few months since, while he was engaged in recruiting ne groes for the United States service from off the plantation. This estate, together with that of a Joseph Forrest, who raised a company for the rebel service, but failed to succeed to a captaincy, filling, however, a subordinate posi tion in the Confederate service, are occupied by the freedmen. Thirty Thousand Acres Occupied. The whole number of acres constituting the two estates, and which are now known as the Government Farms, namber some thirty thousand acres of rich and arable land, twenty-two hun dred of which are now under cultivation, and yielding a snug income to the government. There is, however, a large portion of wooded land on the farms which will have to be cleared before they yield much; but, even allowing it to remain undis turbed, there is quite an abundance of good soil left for cultivation. The work has been well commenced by Lieutenant O’Brien, who, with his assistant superintendent, Mr H. H. D. Byron, took charge in February last, and have now growing some of the finest corn and tobacco to be produced within the State. This latter staple is looking very fine, and has been but little trou bled by the worm, only a small portion having been replanted by reason of tbeir ravages.— There is one curing house now filled with the fra» grant weed, which is probably the first crop gar nered in the State; other portion* of the crop will not, however, “blaze” until October, haring been planted later. The Crops. Y r our correspondent, though not excelling as an equestrian, did manage to keep “aft” of tbe pummel while viewing the crops surrounding the old homestead. There are some seven hundred acres of corn and tobacco growing on the upper farm, which we have been assured is a fair specie men of the rest of the productions. Fight Hundred Freedmen. Lieutenant O’Brien has some seven or eight hundred freedmen in the government employ, who have survived the transition from “slave” to “contraband” and have finally germinated into “freedmen,” with liberty’s wings full fledged, and have not had their equilibrium upset or their morals affected in the slightest manner that we could discover. To see them at work under the new regime one would not see any apparent change; they are the same sub dued and humble race as of yore. They work without the fear of any corporeal punishment hanging over them, and yet they work harder because their pockets are affected by it. They are under the surveillance of a “gangsman” se lected from their number, the old term “over seer, ” like all Southern institutions,have become or is fast growing obsolete. The “gangsman” has charge of a gang of twenty-five or thirty, and reports any lack of industry or shirking of duty, when the infractions member of the gang has his pay curtailed at the end of the month. This mode works well, and so do the workmen, with such an uninviting prospect to look for as the moon wanes. Discipline at thv Farms— Wages. The rules for the government of the Farms are strict, and discipline is enforced in a mili tary manner, any misbehavior or infraction of rules being punished by a dismissal from ser vice, while those who work well are rewarded by receiving an extra issue of clothing. ’ The field hand receives ten dollars per month, while the “gangsman” gets fifteen dollars, the pay being graduated so as to suit the ability or con dition of al! engaged. •' Tbe depehdante, or those who are unable to perform any labor, receive merely their rations and clothing, the children being sent to school, a building having been set apart for their use and a competent teacher engaged. Schiols. There are some eighty children, ranging in age from four to fourteen years, now receiving tuition on the upper farm, the school on the lower farm not being now open by reason of the nnhealthy location and Us effect on the teachers who are unacclimated. Some of the scholars seem to be quite apt, geography having already been intro duced into their course of studies. The promo tion and inculcation of religions exercises is also one of the chief objeots of those having charge of the) children. This seems to be more entertain ing to them, and obtains a stricter attention on the part of the scholars, as they must be kept in teresced in order to quiet their restless disposition and get tbeir attention, Cloanliness is rigidly enforced, both in person ond among the quarters, a police force having been iatrodaoed whose duties it is to attend to the sanitary and healthful condition of the hats, and keep them neatly whitewashed. Every Saturday is set apart for the washing of clothing by the women, and the overhauling and greasing of thn wagons engaged on thejilaoo by the men. Inducements to Labor. To those who are strict in obeying tbe rules a plot of ground is allotted for the cul'ivatfon of such vegetables as they may wish to raise; but the superintendent has found it necessary to pro hibit the raising of pigs artd'pcnhry by the hands, from the fact that there was a large amount of rations consumed in support of these pets that might have been saved to the government. This of course causes some dissatisfaction among those who have been alwayB allowed that privilege by their former masters; but as a general rule they do not “nurse trouble,” but take things as they are,without considering the propriety of patching that ideal umbrella which is to be so serviceable on that impending “ rainy day” which poor mortals are so apt to be overtaken by and envelop ed in. The Mess House. Soon after taking charge of the farms the super intendent discovered, also, that a large amount of rations, both of raiment and nourishment, was being bartered away by hands to outside parties. To prevent this an order prohibting its containu- anoe was issued and a mess house established, in which rations are issued in bulk, already cooked and served up on tables. Vegetables are issued tri-Weekly, and corn bread and pork forms, with occasional messes of Iresh meat, the daily food for the hands. The field hands sit at the first table as the old plantation bell summons them, the d e * pendents following at the second table. Dinner is served at one o’clock, and work resumed at two. The mess room is situated at tbe end of a long wooden building, some two hundred feet long by twenty four broad, and occupies one fourth of the building, the rest being occupied as quarters, and is built with a special view to ven tilation, and the health of tbe occupants. The Laws of Maryland. There was published in the papers some week or so since a communication from the Superin tendent of the Farms, Lieutenant O’Brien, ad- dressed to Governor Bradford, complaining of the refusal of a Justice Alvey to cause to be issued a warrant for the arrest of a man who was charged with having struck a colored man, the Justice de clining to comply on the ground that the laws of Maryland did not allow a negro to testify against a white man. The Lieutenant stigmatized the law as cruel and unjust, if existing, and asked that the magistrate be removed from office. Governor Bradford has since replied to tbe communication in effect that Justice Alvey was right in his interpretation ol the law, for such was undoubtadly tbe law of the land as existing some hundred and fifty years, and as such must be obeyed until repealed, however odiou3. His Ex cellency also states that even though the magis trate was wrong, he had not the power to remove him, as he was elected by tbe people and not ap pointed by him. Condition of the Freedmen. In concluding our report of what came under our observation, we must give some idea of the condition of the freedmen. They seem to be con tented and happy, as far as I could judgo, and are fully satisfied with their lot. There are excep tions, as usual in all bodies of men, whether white or black, and those exceptions grow partly out of a desire for constant .change, and partly because they are restricted in certain privileges which they formerly enjoyed—the raising of vegetables and poultry. A body of these sable malcontents— probably fifteen in number—came up to headquar ters after work, and stated tbeir desire to go back to their old homes in Virginia. Tbeir only roa son for desiring the change was as I have stated, the embargo plaoed upon fowl raising. They, of course, are allowed to go at pleasure, and trans portation furnished them as far as Washington.— The majority of them, however, prefer working for the government to returning to their eld homes and risking the uncertain welcome they may re ceive. The Tribune Shells Bennett. The Herald indulges in one of its epidemic, foolishly false tirades against Abolition, Negro Suffrage, Fourierism, &c., Ac., wherein it most monstrously libels the Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy, who was murdered nearly thtrty years ago by the Herald’s disciples for discussing, in his reli gious newspaper, the moral i haracter of Slavery. But for the Abolitionists, says the Herald, the South would have voluntarily abolished Slavery years ago, when we are constantly told by the late slaveholders that; while they will faithfully try to till their plantations with free negro labo they have no faith in it, believing that Blanks will only work under constraint. All the fduds yet troubling the South,says the Herald, are the work of “the Radicals,” and especially of the Tribune. The readiest answer to this rigmarole is found in a let'er in that same Herald, from one of its regular correspondents—which we copy verbatim, as follows: LABOR QUESTION IN VIRGINIA. Oppression of the Negroes by their Former Owners. PERSECUTION OF UNION MEN AND POSITION TO NORTHERN IMMIGRATION BY THE F. F. V’S. &c., &c., Ac. OP* [Our Fortress Monroe Correspondence.] Fortress Monroe, Aug. 1, 1805. The Labor Question in Virginia. Public interest is still widely felt and expressed upon the subjeot of negro labor in the late rebel lious States. The letters of various correspon dents of the Herald from different sections of the South which they have been and still are traver sing to throw all tbe light possible upon this and other complicated issues arising sinoe the termi nation oi the war, verv fully set forth the exist ing state of facts evolved and involved in settling the grand problem of reconstruction I have been at soipo pains to acquaint myself with the condition of affairs in the counties adjacent here, viz : Accomac and Northampton counties on the Eastern Shore,and Mathews county, just above us. In the First two Counties many Degroes, formerly held as slaves, are now hired by their former owners, and are to receive from five to ten dollars a year compensation.— The former slaves hired at these small wages are given to understand that this is the extent ot pay authorized by Government. They are further told that the full privileges of freedom are not yet allowed them. It will be seen, therefore, that they are virtually as much slaves as ever. In these two counties, no encouragement is given to business enterprises or anything looking to a settlement by Northern people. Special opposi- tion is now made to prevent anything being done to complete tbe Air Line Railroad project, the charter of which was obtained before the war, In Mathews county there is little or no Union sentiment Fortner slaves are told that they are slaves still, and are used as such The negroes are told they will have their freedom by ana by, as soon as Government issne3 orders to that effect, which orders have not yet been promul gated. - An Example. I have been told ot ODe case where a colored man built a small hut and raised some crops for himself and family. He sent for hts wile and children in another county, and the man with whom they were living, and their former owner, gave the colored man’s wife a pass for ten days to go and see him, but refused to let her children go with her. At the exDiration of (he ten days and contrary to the wishes of her husband, she returned for her children, thinking that if she did not go back they would be turned out of doors by their former owner, or receive some se vere punishment. Her ovyner refqsed to let either her qr tbe children go away, and so the page stands. Qld residents known to be Union men feel unsafe. Soldiers of the late Rebel Army visit their dislike upon such men, with special aniooliity,by destroying their crops and maiming or killing their horses, cows and pigs. A Union man who came here three times during the war tor protection has had hia store robbed, a portion of his crops laid waste, and a valuable horse ren dered useless by these anti-Union men. No oivil authority hag been established hare yet, end the state of society is anything but pleasant to one known to have opposed Secession, or to ven ture by word or deed to show sympathy for the Union cause Equal Bights of'Suffrage to All The following document, which I leave to explain itself, is being extensively circulated in this department, and also in Norfolk and Ports mouth. A large number of leading and influ ential citizens have already subscribed their names to the paper; The undersigned request that a convention of three delegates from each Congressional district of tbe United States be held at , on —;—, for the purpose of devising means and measures to secure to all loyal citizens equal rights of suffrage, irrespective of sect, creed, birth or color. * » » This, mind you, is copied verbatim from that very isssue of the Herald wherein the Radi cals, the Northern Abolitionists, and the Trib une, are editorially charged with cansing all the trouble at the South, alike in the past and in the present, by wanton, mischievous agita tion for Negro freedom and suffrage, thereby precluding Emancipation by the voluntary ac tion of the Slaveholders 1 Was ever befere a gross calumny so 'signally refuted from the ut- terer’s own columns'? Cotton Prospects—Interesting State* ments. - • ^Correspondence of the Philadelphia Ledger.] New York, Ang. 5, 1865. The most trustworthy accounts from differ ent portions of the South are not fhvorable to a continuance of the present free receipts of cotton as witnessed for a few weeks back at New Orleans and New York, but rather to an early falling off, and, as a Consequence, a ma terial advance in prices. Of all the letters I have seen from old factors, and cotton mer chants in the South, but one has favored the belief that the receipts might prove heavier than the general expectation ; but even this writer confessed that the question of receipts was at best wholly a speculative one, more so than at any period daring the past twenty years. To quote from his letter : “In times of pro found peace, when all the avenues of informa tion were open, and when it was possible to procure the most careful estimates, there have been known to be differences in the round es timate for the crop of 600,000 bales. What then is to be expected when most of the ave nues of communication with the interior are closed, and when not a word that is reliable is known of the product of the past three years ? A crop of some kind or quantity was raised during each year of the war, but what do we know concerning them? Nor is it possible to give any correct data with reference to what remains-of the crop that wag on hand at the commencement of the war.” - This writer, as I have said above, inclines to larger receipts than many others who have ventured opinions upon the subject, and he may, after all, prove correct. His views are based on the belief that a considerable amount of cotton is kept back from the want of con* venient transit, bagging and rope, and the ab sence of responsible buyers, With regard to the probable amount of cot ton in the South, the writer ventures on no es timate, remarking that it “would not be worth a button.” There are others, however, who do thus ven ture, and their average is uniformly within one and a half million bales for the old stock now remaining in the South. From this amount the estimates taper down to one million four, one million two fifty, and some even as low as one million bales. An extract from a Mobile writer before me de clares the alleged Treasury eatimites as “absurd —there is no such amount of cotton ou hand as two million bates,’ and those who base their cal culations upon such a statement will find them selves deceived Daring tbe war there was very little cotton grown—scarcely more than sufficient for domestics purposes—the demand for which were largely increased by the closing of our ports and the cutting off of all manufactured supplies. The South was thus compelled to increase its own manufactures to a large extent, and we do not hesitate to say that there is not at this mo ment over one million bales of merchantable cot ton in the South.-” Another writer in the same city (Mobile) says: “The accounts from the interior of our State come in very slowly, and still more so from other States, but those that wemave do not warrant ns in looking for a supply of cotton that will prove at all Adequate to the demand. Indeed, we look for a considerable advance in oar great staple before tbe Winter months have fairly set in. The growing crop, such as it is, seems promising,and with good weather from this out, and the neces sary hands to pick the cotton, the yield in our State (Alabama) may reSch 130,000 bales, and in all the States 600,000 to 700,000 bales.” Under date of New Orlenas, 26th July, a wri ter says : .• “New cotton made its appearance on the 22d. We wish we could write that the chances were good for free receipts of the new crop, but they need not be expected. Very little cotton has been planted this year, and what comes in must soon find a ready market. As far as it is possible to learn, there is nothing to warrant the prediction of a yield for 1865 and 1866, of over half a million bales, while no one dreams of a crop of one million. Texas will probably make 75,000. We have been very busy the past week receiving old cotton, and our stook now cannot be much less than 60,000 bales, but it must not be supposed that this activity is long to continue. We must rather look for a sudden pause for the want of supplies, and those who would ‘make hay while the sun shines,’ should not lose the present opportunity. We quote middling at 42c; 1,200 bales were taken for France on Monday.” In this market, (New York,) though the re ceipts have been heavy, (over 30,000 bales in two weeks,) prices have scarcely varied, so great has been the confidence of holders in the future. The activity and buoyancy of the market have been checked by these receipts, but a positive and general decline has not been submitted to. The government itself is not unmindful or ignorant of tie situation, as it has withdrawn its few remaining thousands of “captured cot ton,” confident, apparently, in the anticipation of higher prices. * B. Death ov an Editor.—We learn from the Montgomery Mail that Col. J. F. Gaines, one of U^editors of thp npwly revived Advertiser, died irTOiat city on the night of the 19th. Col. Gaines waa a native of Kentucky, but had for many years been a resident of Montgomery. During the political campaign immediately preceding the war Col. Games was editor in cine! of the Montgomery Post. When the war broke out he enlisted in the Confederate army and became a captain in the cavalry service. The loss ot a leg in battle compelled bint to reliuquish the pro fession of arms, and be retired to private life. In tbe army he had attained the rank of Colonel bv election, in acknowledgment of his gallantry. The Mail thus same up the character of the de ceased gentleman : As a writer, Col. Gaines bad wou an enviable reputation; as a citizen qniversally beloved; as a soldier, devoted to his people aod the State of his adaption, he has left a name that can never die. Peace to his ashes! A nobler spirit never left ito-mortal tenement to seek to at peace be yond the cloufis which this earth cannot afford, Metal Tipran Shoes.—Shoes are an impor tant item in the expense of elothing children, as every parent will understand. They invaria bly wear out their shoes at the toe first; and usu ally before the other parts are a quarter worn.— It is safe to say that on an average one pair with metalio tips will more than outwear two without hem. We believe that all the shoe dealers keep hem-—[W. Y. Btraii, Planters’ Bureau. Polling Cattle. One of the topics which has lstely produced much controversy in the Irish agricultural world; is the practice now prevalent of dishorning of polling cattle. From a correspondence whicli has boon carried on in the Irish journals by thS advocates and opponents of this process, it would appear that several statements are put forward] one differing from the other. The advocates— who are, of course, those deriving atfvantage fiord it—assert that the operation does noteanse much pain to the animal, in fact, that it is not so pain ful as other operations that are boing continually performed on different descriptions, of animais, namely, lorsAs, cattle, sheep, and pigs. It H al* so advanced that a cow, when unhorned by vio- lenoo, becomes afterwards a better milker, giving a greater quantity per diom; and that the quality of the meat is improved, as the animal thrives batter when deprived of those natural exorescen- cea. The opponents, of coarse, assert the direct contrary: that tho operation is painful in the extreme, and deny altogether the supposed adj vantages of better milking and better quality of meat; and our convictions would certaniiy go witlj these last, for it is impossible to conceive Uiat an animal does not suffer severely dating tbe pro cess, and especially afterwards; and it is equally impossible to understand that an animal eau give more milk or produce a finer quality of meat front such mutilation. Yet there can bo no doubt that the artificial manufacture of polled animals has been for a long time going on in Ireland, under the impression of these supposed advantages. We may admit that horned animals are some, tiines dangerous, and that some injuries may be received, or even some lives lost, from iafuriated cattle, and also that it is a matter of difficulty to keep a number of horned animato in confined courts or yards, without their sometimes doing damage to each other. Bat that remedy should be sought by such a barbarous process is, in deed, a subject much to be regretted, and which, we think, ought to be restrained by a public con demnation of the act. Nor can we accept the operation as one ot comparison, for while it must be granted that pain is inflicted in tbe production of a gelding, an ox, or a wether sbeep, yet tbe advantage in these cases bas been ascertained, and is therefore positive; while in the case of polling animals, beyond the danger from a goad ed beast or the injury that they may be able to inflict on each other—both of which points may be avoided by other means—no possible benefit can accrne to mitigate in any way the cruelty of the treatment. In Scotland there are two topics at the pre sent time occupying attention—the law of hy pothec and the game laws ; the former is pure ly local, and a commission has just issued a re port suggesting some amelioration of the law, which seems worthy of consideration on the part both of the landlord and tenant. The game laws belong to a more general subject, and that which is done in tbe north may have some in fluence in tbe south. There have been meet ings. held to discuss the subject at the Cham ber of Agriculture in Edinburg, at Aberdeen;. and at Perth, as well as at other places. One of the chief points seems to be to take hares 1 and rabbits out of the category of game. At Aberdeen the two principal resolutions carried. were—the first “that hares and rabbits ought to be excluded from the operation of the game laws ; that their preservation, being incom patible with good farming, is contrary to the public good, and that therefore all contracts having tor their object the preservation of hares and rabbits ought to be declared illegal.” The other is, “that justices of the peace ought to have no jurisdiction in game-law cases.” The resolutions generally at the different meetings are modifications of these two, which may be taken as showing the tendency of opinion, and in order to get them carried out, it is proposed to form a Fafmers’ Defence League, the avowed object of which would be to bring about some alteration in the game laws. —- As for topics of disenssion nearer home, there are many ; but a subject which was brought be fore the last meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society by Mr. Simonds cannot fail to produce, under present circumstances, an unwelcome impression. Mr. Simonds stated, for the in formation of the conneil, that another out break of small pox in sheep has just taken place ; this has occurred on the Sussex downs, amidst large flocks of sheep, midway between Lewes and Newbaven. The Professor visited the flock, comprising six hundred ewes and lamhs, and among them were found sixty-five infected with the disease. This is most un welcome news, for with the meat markets rul ing at present high prices, should the infection s; read, it will indeed become a national cal amity. In our List number we pointed out that there was a fearful typhoid visitation among the pigs, and with this disease in sheep superadded the future prospects of meat supply seem rather hazardous. VVe can only hope that by the experience gained during the for mer appearance of the disease, it may be ar rested in time to prevent further damage, and thus preserve our flocks for our use in due season. Sale of Government Vessels at Phila* deljpUia. Philadkli>hia, Aug. 10, 1865, There was a large sale ot government vessels this morning at the Navy Yard. A number of steamers, tugs and sailing vessels lor which gov ernment has no further use was sold at aootion, by order of government. The attendance was large and bidding quite spirited. A namber of Boston and Baltimore shipowners were present and purchased a number of vessels. Tho bark A. A. Houghton brought $6,650., Barker & Folsom purchasers. Bark Restless, $12,000, bid withdrawn. Screw tug Larkspur, $8,100, Fred. Stover, purchaser. Sorew steamer Norwich, $12,300. N. H. Gris wold purchaser. Screw tug llowqua, $15,900. S. A J. Flana gan parch asers. Sidewbeel steamer Alabama, $38,600. Henry Steers, New York, nurohaser. Screw tug Sunflower, $11,000. J. C. Wright, New York, purchaser. Screw steamer Mary Sanford, $44,000. Jas. S. Whitney, Boston. Screw tng Whitehead, $4,500. Patrick A Fe- raty, Philadelphia. Screw steamer Stars and Stripes, $30,000.— Batson A Son, Philadelphia. Screw steamer Montgomery, $39,000. Rus- seR Stqrges, New York. Wooden screw brig Akalia, $11,100. S. & J. Flanagan. Iron wheel steamer Britannia (withdrawn,) $12,000 being the highest bid received. J. W. Wright, of New York, purchased’brig Potomeka for $7,100. The wooden steamer Fah Kee brought $69,- 000. John Sterling, of Now York, purchaser. Screw tug Carnation, sold to J. P. Jenks, Philadelphia, for $6,000. Miami, a government built giffewheel steam er, was purchased by J. $. Whitney, of Bos ton, for $19,900. Brig Perry was purchased by Purvis & Son, Philadelphia, for $5,600. The schooner Daniel Smith sold for $7,000, to Thomas Gorward, Great Egg Harbor. The schooner p. C. Williams was purchased by Purvis 4 Sun, Philadelphia, tor $7,100. Sqhooner Matthew Vassar brought $7,300, A. M. Chapman, New Bedford, purchaser. Schooner Norfolk, packet, brought $3,100. John Russell, Philadelphia, purchaser. Schooner O. H. Lee sold for $7,100. J. W. Tatern, Philadelphia, purchaser. Wooden screw tug Martin brought $2,600. W. P. Street, Philadelphia, purchaser. Wooden screw tug Hoyt was sold to S< A, Staples, Taunton, Man., for $2,100. The Schleswig-Bslsteln Question. Ia the Federal Diet at Frankfort on the 27th, Bayaria, Saxony and Hesse Darmstadt brought forward the following motion: 1. That the Austrian and Prussian Govern ments be asked what they hare done, or intend to do, toward tbe definitive settlement of the Schleswig-Holstein question, and whether they propose to call together for co-operation repre sentatives selected by the tree votes of the people of the Duchies. 2. That Austria and Prussia be requested to firing about the incorporation of Schleswig with the German Confederation. S. That, in the event of the latter request being granted, the Federal Diet should deolare its readiness to renounce its olaims for the payment of 1 the aosts of the Federal execution in Holstein, and to assume a portion of the Schleswig ex- penses. • .» .. , The motion was referred, witbont discussion, to the Committee on Holstein- Affairs. , j An American Flag Cut Down bv a Quebec Lawyer—An ‘Jkciiing Scene on a Canadian Steamer.—The ‘'Mhguet,” . on her last upward trip from the Saguenay, was leaving Murry Bay on Thursday afternoon, immediately after dinner time. The majority of the passengers were American tourists of the meat respectable class— clergymen and others, with a large portion of ladies. As the boat was about ,to leave the wharf two travelliug musicians on board commenced to play a tune entitled “Rally Round the Flag; Boys,” a popular patriotic song in tbe States, which tbe Americans began to sing. Every ode being in great good humor, tbe captain hoisted the American and British flags amid the cheers ot the company; the former, however, being hoisted first, there was some hisses, and a few voices called out to. out it down. Whereupon Mr. Archibald Campbell, a lawyer of Quebec, sprang ion board from the wharf, ran up the rig ging like a sailor, and cqt the flag down. The boat, meanwhile, was leaving the wharf, and the only way be had of regaining the land was to jump into the water and swim ashore. This act of an excited individual greatly mortified the Americans and still more the British and Cana- dian passeogers on board, who did their best to explain it away by referring to the excitement at the present time on aecount of tbe interference of Mr. Consul Potter in Canadian affairs. These particulars we have from a highly respectable merchant pf this city who was on board at tbe time. Such an occurrence we regard as exceed ingly unfortunate. But it is obvious tbat a sin gle individual mar at any time do a very foolish thing.—Montreal Witness, 23th. Old Paprb.—It bas been chemically as certain p ed that the paper of books printed in the six teenth century contains particles of copper and even gold. This may be explained by the fact that the stuffs employed in those days for the manufacture of paper often oantained metalic threads, as ft was the fashion then to wear a good deal of brocade. Hjeadq’rs Dept, of Georgia, 1 Savannah, Ga., Aug. 5th, 1865. J GENERAL, ORDER, 1 No. 7. C sl I. The following General Order, from the War Department, is published foir the information of this command : War Department, ’ Adjutant General’s Office, Washington, D. C:, July 8th, 1865. GENERAL ORDER, ) No. 122. f 1. With the exception hereinafter enumerated, the following is ordered : L All Commissioned Officers of Vol unteers, for both white and colored reg iments, or independent companies, now absent on detached service from their commands, and not on duty within their proper armies or departments, will pro ceed, forthwith, to join iheir respective regiments and companies. 2- Hereafter no Commissioned Regi mental Officers of Volunteers will bfe placed on duty, or transferred thereon!, oat of the army or department in which his regiment may be serving The exceptions authorized under the foreging are as follows ; L Officers on duty mustering out and discharging the volunteer forces. 2. Aides-de-Camp to General Officers on duty commanding troops. 3. Officers on Court Martial or Mil itary Commissions, and those on duty in the bureau of Refngees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, under direct orders from the War Department, Adju tant General’s Office. 2. All enlisted men absent on de tached service from their regiments or companies, and outside the armies or de partments in which the same may be serving, will at onoe be sent to join their respective oommands, unless they are absent therefrom'by orders from Head quarters of a Military Division, or supe rior authority. 3. Commanding Generals of Depart ments and armies, are charged with the prompt execution of this order, and npon its provisions being fully complied with, will report the fact to the Adjutant Gen eral of the army. 4. No commissioned officer or enlist ed man, absent in violation of this order, will be paid outside of the army or de partment in which his regiment or com pany may be serving. By order of the Secretary of War. [Signed,] E- D. TOWNSEND, Assist. Adj'’t Gen. 2. In addition to the requirements of General OrdqrNo. 122, War Department, C. S., it is ordered : That all Commis sioned Officers and enlisted men of this command now absent from their respect ive regiments, companies or detachments, on detached service, and not on duty within their proper districts, be at once relieved from such duty and ordered to * join their proper oommands, unless act ing under orders from these Headquar ters or superior authority. Commanding officers will report by telegraph when this order is fully com plied with. By command of Maj. Gen. STEEDMAN. (Signed) S. B. Moe, A. A. G. " Official: Will. A. Courier, A. A. Gen. 2 Headq’rs Dist. of Savannah, ) 1st Division, Dept, of Georgia, V Savannah, Ga., Aug. 15th, 1865, ) GENERAL 6Kt)£BS, \ No. 15. J All commissioned officers and enlisted men belonging to the 75th New York Vols., 30th Maine Vols., and 26th Massa chusetts Vols., on detached service and absent from their commands, will be re lieved at once and ordered to join their respective regiments for muster-otit. By command of Bvt. Maj. Gen. J. M. BRANNAN. Will A. Coulter, 2t Assistant Adjutant General, Headq’rs Sub-Dis’t. of Ogeechee, 1 Savannah, Ga., August 9th, 1865 . J SPECIAL ORDER, J No. 20. ’ f Hereafter and until further orders all Commissioned Officers of the United States Army visiting this City will be re quired to register their names at these Headquarters, stating authority and length of absence. By command of Bvt. Brig. Gen. DAVIS. Jno. Mullen, A. A. A. G. Headq’rs Sub-Dist. of Ogeechee, ) Savannah, Ga., Ang. 13th, 1865. j GENERAL ORDER, l ‘ No. 21. j Capt. John Mullen, 12th Connecticut Infantry, is hereby relieved from duty as A. A. A. General Sub-District of Ogee chee, as his regiment is to be mustered out of the service. 1st Lieut. W. H. Folk, Adj’tl73d N. Y. Infantry, is hereby announced as A. A. G.of the Sub-District of Ogeechee. Ha will be obeyed and respected according ly. EDWIN P. DAVIS, Brevet Brig. Gen’l Comd’g. Head’qrs Sub. Dist. of Ogeechee, ) Savannah, Ga., Ang. 14, 1865. ) GENERAL ORDER, ) No 22. [ Surgeon J. K. Bigelow, 8th Indiana Infantry, is hereby relieved from duty as Chief Medical Officer Sub District of Ogeechee) and will report to Command- ling Officer of his Regiment for duty. Surgeon N. A. Baldwin, 173d N. Y. Volunteers, is hereby announced as Chief Medioal Officer of the Sub District of Ogeechee. By command of Bvt. Brig. Gen. E. P. DAVIS. Wm, H. Folk, A. A. A. G. Headqr’s Sub-Dist. t>F Ogeechee, ee, J Headq’rs Sub-Dist. of Ogeechee, Savannah, Ga., Aug. 16th, 1865- ’ GENERAL ORDER, i No. 24. ‘ f Captain Clark H Remick, 103d U. S. C. T., is hereby announced as Acting Assistant Inspector General Sab-Dis trict of Georgia. He will be obeyed and respected accordingly. By command of Bvt. Brig. Gen. E. P. DAVIS. Wm. H. Folk, A. A. A. G. Savannah, Ga., Ang. 15th, 1865. GENERAL ORDER, ) No. 23. [ Hereafter no carts, wagons or convey ances of any kind will be allowed to as semble in the vicinity of the Public Mar ket, except during market hours. No goods of any kind will be exposed for sale in the vicinity of the Public Market, except during market hours. All persons found violating this order will be summarily dealt with. The Provost Marshal is charged with the execution of this order. By Command of Bvt. Brig. Gen. DAVIS. Wjl H. Folk, A. A. A. G. NOTICE. Office Provost Marshal, Sub-District of Ogeichee, Savannah, Ga., Aug. 11th, 1865. The people of Savannah are hereby notified that an office will be open at the U. S. Custom House on and after the 12th day of August, 1865, where Lieut. W. S. Norton, 153d N. Y. V., Assistant Provost Marshal, will be on duty for the purpose of administering to ladies the Amnesty Oath, as prescribed by Presi dent Johnson’s Proclamation of May 29, 1865. (Signed) SAM’L COWDREY, Capt. and Pro. Mar. Sub-District of Ogeechee. Headquarters Sub District or Ogeechee, ) Savannah, Ga., July 28,1865. J Circular, ) No. 12. f On and after this date articles in the Pnblie Market or this city will be sold at the following prices. Pei sons violating this order, will be r*. ported to this Office and summarily dealt with. By command of Brv’t. Brig. Gen. DAVIS. Jxo. Mullen, A. A. A. G. Fresh Beef, 1st cut, per lb ^ Country Dried Beet 15 Country Cored Beef 15 jerked Beef 10 to 15 Veal, per lb 8() Mutton, per lb Liver, per lb Fresh Pork, per lb \ Bass, per lb j ” Drum, per lb Fresh Water Trout Salt “ “ Sheephead ...” Mullet, large size, per bunch, Brim, per bunch of five Mullet, small sixe, per bunch of five... Perch, per bunch of five Suckers Whiting Codfish, per lb Shrimp, quart Crabs, each Sturgeon, per Ib Sausages, lreob pork Bacon, per lb, from Butter, perlb Clams, per bnshel Cabbages, each, from..... Turnip*, per bunch Tomatoes, per quart Okra, per quart Sweet. Potatoes, per bushel Irish Potatoes, per quart Green Com, each Water Melons, from 20 15 25 15 15 15 15 20 40 40 25 40 40 40 10 15 3 7 40 20 to 25 50 2 OO 15 to 40 10 10 15 8 00 10 s 16 to 80 Cantelopes, from .Vcft 10 to 40 Apples, per bushel 2 00 Peaches per bushel 8 OO Figs, per doz 10 Honey, per ib 15 Ducks, per pair |2 00 Turkeys^each, from.... : $2 to 2 50 Geese, per pair 2 00 Fowls, grown. $1 to 1 25 Spring Chickens, per pair 60 Spring flhioksns, 2d use W **$$•»pw dom,,,,...,W
