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CONSTITUTION
II If THE
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA.
We, tlie people of the Confederate \
M iti-s. each .state action in its Hoveieij.ni j
and indepen lent character, in order to |
form a |>eru)ancnt Federal Coyurnuient, |
establish justice, insure doiaestia trim- I
.polity and secure the blessings of filler- ■
tv to ourselves and our posterity— invo- !
hin_’ ll.e favor and guidanceof Almighty
(iisi— do ordain and e taldiHii this con
stitution for the Confederate Stater of
America.
AUTICLK I
Six'. 1. All legislative powers herein
delegated shall he vested in a Congress
i i the Confederate States, which shall ;
. nsist of a Senate ami House of Heprc- j
si utatives.
'i.i!. 2. !. Tlie House of Reprcveutu
tives sliall lie composed of memhers cho- \
soil every second year by the people of j
tlie several States; and the electors in !
Cecil State sliall lie citizens of tile Con
lederate States, and have the ipiaiiliea
t ions reipiisite for electors of the most
numerous hranch of the State Legisia
trire; hut no person of foreign birth,
not a citizen of the Confederate States,
shall h ■ allowed to vote for any ollicer,
civil or political, State or Federal.
2. No person shall he a Representa
tive, who shall not have attained the
ago of twenty-five years, and be a citi
zen of the Confederate States, and who
shall not, when elected, lie an inhabi
tant ol that State in which lie sliall he
chosen.
.". Representatives and Direct Taxiis
shall lie apportioned among the several
States, which may he included within
this Confederacy, according to their re
spective numlicis, which sliall lie deter
mined by adding to the who e number
of fie ■ persons, including those bound
to service fora term of years, and inclu- |
ding Indians not taxed, tiiree-liftlis of |
•ill slaves. The actual enumeration j
. mil he made within three years after
I lie In st meeting of the Congress of the
i uiiJdcr.it" States, mid within every
übsequent term of ton years, in such]
manner as they hall, bylaw, direct— i
The number of Representatives shall
not exceed one for every titty thousand,
hut each State shall have at least one !
Representative; and until such enunie- j
ration shall he made, the State of South
t 'ai'oliua shall he entitled to choose six,
the State of (icnr b iu ten, the State ol ;
Alabama nine, the Statu of Florida two, \
the State of Mississippi seven, the State
of 1/iuisiana six, and tlie State of Texas
six.
I When vacancies happen in tlie rep
resentation Irom any St ,le, the Execu
t:ve. authority thereof shall insane writs
oftdtx don to till such vacancies.
<>. The Hoiiim.'of Representatives shall
ho,ise their speaker and other otticcr-, j
tnd sliall have the sole power of im
peachment, exeepl that any judicial or
other federal ollicer resident and acting
.oh !,v within tlie limits of any State,
may hr impeached by a vote of two
thirds of hot it branches of tin I .a
tine thereof.
Sec. I. rim Senate of the Confu.l
cr ,tc Mates shall he composed of two
Senators from each State, eliosen for
six years by tlm Legislature thereof, at
the regular session next immodiatek
preceding the commencement of the
term ol service; and each Senator shall
have one vote.
2. Immediately after they shall be
assembled, in consequence of the first
election, they shall be divided as equal
ly as may be hit" three classes. The
seats of the 'euntors of helirst class
shull he vaealedat the oxpirali >u of the
second year ; ot‘tlm second class at the
expiration of the fourth \ car, ami of the
third clans at the expiration of the sixth
year; so that one third limy bo chosen
every second year; and it vacancies hap
pen by resignation or otherwise, during
the recess of tlm Legislature of any
Slat •, thu Executive thereof may make
•iliiporai v appointments until the next
meeting of the Legislature, which slm.l
then till siu li vacancies.
No person shall lie a Senator who
hall not have attained the age ol thir
tv years, and lie licit zen of the Honied
crate States; and who shall not, wiien
elected, he an inhabitant ol the State
lor widen lie shall e chosen.
I 'I he \ ice President of the Collf.d
erate States shall lie President of the
Senate, hut shall have no vote, unless
they he equally divided.
•i. The Senate shall choose their oth
er ollieeis ; and also a Ties dent pro tern
in the absence ot the Vice President
or when he shall exercise the office of
President of the 1 oufedrrute States.
(i. Ilm Senaieshull have the sol.' pow
ertotiyall impeachments. Wken sit
ting for that purpose, they shall been
oath or affirmation. When tlie Presi
dent ot the <'onfederate States is tried,
• I'e Chief .lust ice shall preside; ami no
I ison shall lie eonvieteil without the
'.ueurretme.it two-thirds of tlie mem
bers present.
i. .lodgment in cases o! itnp.'aehnmtit :
shall not extend.further than to remo-1
\ d from elliee, ami disqualification to
aol.l and enjoy any olliee of honor,trust
■r profit, under the Confederate States ; !
Imt the patty en.'.vleted shall, never- !
t, lele.s'. Is l I’alile and subject to indict- j
ment. trial, judgment and punishment j
according to law.
Skc. 11. The times, phu.es mid
manner.i holding eleetionsfor Senators •
•ml Representatives shall he preserilie.l !
in each State by tlie Legislature tliere
ot. subject to the provisions of this con
stitution ; hut tic Congress may, at any
time, by aw. make or alter such I'cgu
lations. . xeept as to tlm times und places
choosing Senators.
2 The Congress shall assemble at
b'a>t on.viu ovviy year ; and such ill. :
ing shall boon the first Monduv in He
readier. unless they shall, by law, up
tstitit n dill, lent day.
s ue >'» I Lavli House shall lie the
imlge of the 4'l.vtions. returns and .pm!
ni. .itious »f Its own members, and a
majority ot civ i shall constitute a quo
'mil to do business ; hut a smaller num
ber may adjourn tioin day to day, and
may tie authori- ,1 toeouipel the utten- 1
lance of absent members, ip such man- |
tier tin.l under such penalties ms each
House may provide.
latch House may determine the
rah ■' of its pro.ceilings, punish its mriu
1. rs tot disoi L"lv ii. lmvi a. and witli
the concurrence of two-tl.lr.ls of the 1
whole nunitvr, cxpvd a nivmtier.
... Each House shall k.a'p a journal of
is pr.«veiling*. and (nun time to time
publish the same, excepting such |xirts
a- may. in their judgment, require sc
■ t'.s y. and the yeas and nays of the
memlsT-»»t eithei it,.use, on any ques
tion, shall, at the desire of oue-litlh of
I chose present, he entered on the jour-
I rial.
4. Neither House, during the session
of Congress, shall, without the consent
of the other, adjourn for more than
three days, nor to any other place than
that in which the two Houses sliall he
sitting.
Sice. (I. -1. The Senators and Repre
sentatives shall receive a compensation
j fur t cir services, to tie ascert lined by
I law, an I pdd out of the treasury of the
onfedcrate States. I hey shall, in all
eases, except treason, fell,my and breach
. ~f the peace, lie privileged from arrest
I during their attendance at the session
: of their lespeetive Houses, and in going
. to and returning from the same; and
- to' any speech or debate in cither House,
, they shall not lie questioned in any oth-
I er p a ','.
2. No Senator or Representative shell,
during the time for which be was .lett
ed, Is: appointed to any civil office ini
i del' the authority of tlie Confederate
j states, which sir II have been 'Tented,
or the emoluments whereof shall have
been increased during such time; ami rm
person holding tiny office under the
Confederate States shall Is. a mem her ol’
either House during liis continuance iu
office. Rut Congress may, by law, grant
to tlie principal officer in each of the
Executive l)epm-Initrite a seat upon the
lloor of either House, with the privilege
of discussing anv measures appertaining
to his department.
Six;. 7—l. Alt hills for raising reve
nue shall originate in the House of Rep
resentatives; Imt the Senate may pro
pose or concur with amendments as on
other hills.
2. Every hill which shall have passed
both Houses, shall, bo dire it becomes a
law, lie presented to tin; Trcsidcnt of
the Confederate States; if he approve, he
shall sign it; lint if not, he sliall return
J it with his objection)) to that House iu
: which it sliall have originated who
[ shall enter 'the ohjcctio!.; at lame on
j their journal, and proceed to reconsider
it. If, alter such reconsideration, two
thirds of that lions.' shall agiee to pass
j the hill, it shall he sent, together with
the , lijections, to the other House, by
j which it shall likewise no reconsidered,
j and if approved by t.wo-tliird« of that
House, it sliall become a law. lint in
| all such cases, tlie votes of both Houses
j sliall be determined by yeas and pays,
I and the names of the persons voting for
I and against the hill shall lie entered on
I the journal of cat'll House respectively.
If any hill shall not be returned by Uie
Troddent within ten days (Sundays ex
cepted) after it shall have been present
ed to him, the same shall lie a law, in
like manner as if he had signed it, un
i less the Congress, by their a lj. .liniment
J prevent its return; iu which case it shall
not lie a law. The President may up
prove any appropriation and disapprovr
| any other appropriation in the same
hill. In such coses he sliall, iu signing
j the hill, designate the appropriations
| disapproved: and shall return a copy ot
j such appropriations, with his objections,
I to t'm House in which the hill shall have
gmatt'd; and the same pro. dings
shall then lie had as in ca of <.t hn hill.
' disapproved by the President.
ii. Every order, resolution or vote, to
I which tlie concurrence of both Houses
j may In- necessary (except on a question
j of adjournment) sliall he presented to
• i the President of the Confederate Mates;
and before the same shall lake elf.-et,
| shall lie approved liy him; or being ill's
I approved by him, shall lie re-passed hv
two-thir.ls of hull) Houses accoiding to
the rules and limit .thins prescribed in
ease of a bill.
Src. 8. The Congress sliall have pow
*‘r~' , ,
1. I.i lay and collect taxes, duties,
imposts, and excises, for revenue neces
sary to pay tile debts, provide for the
common defence, and carry on the gov
ernment of the Confederate States; hut
no bounties shall be granted from the
treasury; nor sliall any duties or taxes
mi importations from foreign nations bo
laid to promote or (osier any branch of
industry; and all duties, im'iosta, and
excises shall he mill.mu throughout the
\ Confederate Mates:
2. To hot row money on Uie credit of
' the Confederate States:
;!. To regulate commerce with foreign
| nations, attd among the several States,
i and with the Indian tribes; hut neither
this, nor any other clause contained i
the e institution, shall ever lie construed
to delegate tin |nnver to Congres to ap
propriate money for any internal im
provement in tende 1 to facilitate com
merce; except for the purpose of furnish
ing lights, beacons, mid buoys, and otli
j er aids to navigation upon the coasts,
j and thu improvement of harbors and
I the removing of obstructions in river
navigation, in all which cases, such du
ti.s.shall he laid on the navigation fa
cilitated thereby, as may bo necessary
to pay tlie ousts and ox|ieuscs thereof:
4. To establish uniform laws of na
turalization, and uniform laws on the
subject of bankruptcies throughout the
Confederate States, Imt no law of Con
gross shall discharge any debt contraet
j ed before the passage of the same:
a. T'o coin nionev, regulate tlie value
thereof and of foreign coin, and tix the
standard of weights and measures:
li. To provide for the punishment of
j counterfeiting the securities and current
i coin of the Confederate States:
7. To establish postolliccs and post
routes, but tlie I'.X|H'IIKOS of tlie Tost- |
| oltiee Department after the ltrst day of
i March in the year of our laird eighteen
hand rial ami sixty-tnree, shall be paid j
out ol its .mu revenues:
5. To pnnuoto the progress of science j
and useful arts, by securing for limited i
times to authors and inventors the ex- j
eiusiv right to their respective writings !
and discoveries.'
!L To constitute tribunals inferior to
tlie Supreme Court:
10. To deline and punish pirn, ies ami
! lolonies committed on the high seas.
, and offences against tin; law of nations:
11. T’o d-vlaro war, grant letters of
marque and reprisal, and male rules
concerning captures on land and water:
12. To raise and support armies; but
u<i appropriation of money to that us.
j shall be for a longer term than two !
: years:
LI T'o provide and maintain a navy:
It. To make rules tor the govern
ment und regulation of the naval ami
land forces:
1... To provide for calling forth the |
militia to execute the laws of tlie Con-!
federate Slut.*, suppress insun etiotis
and repel invasions.
lti To provide for organiz.ing, arming
ati.i disciplining the militia, and forgoi
rruing such part »t them as may lie em
ployed in the service ot the l'oufeilerate
States; leserving to the States, respec
tively. the appointment of tlie officers
and the authority ot training tlie militia
according to the discipline prescribed by i
Congress:
17. To exercise exclusive legislation,
in all cases whatsoever, ever such tlis
tricl mot exceeding ten miles square, as
may. by cession of one or more States
and tiie acceptance of Congress, become I
the seat of the Government of the Con- j
federate States; and to exercise like an- '
thorite over all places purchased by the
consent of the legislature of the State in
which the same shall he, for the erec- !
tioh of forts, magazines, arsenals, dis k- j
yards mid oilier needful buildings: mid
18. To make all laws which shall be
necessary and proper for carrying into
execution the l'oreg. ing powers, and all
other powers vested by this Constitu- I
tion in tiie government of tiie Confed- 1
crate States, or in any department or of
ficer thereof.
See. it.— I. The importation of negroes !
of the African race, from any foreign !
country other than the siaveliolding
States or Terri torir-s of the Unit*-1 States j
ol America, is hereby forbidden; and
Congress is required to pass such laws as
shall effectually prevent tiie same.
2- Congress shall also have [lower to
prohibit the introduction of slaves from
any State not a member of, or Territory
not belonging to this Confederacy.
if. The privilege of the writ of habeas
corpus shall nor tie suspend d, unless
when in eases of rebellion or invasion
the public safely may reqim; it.
4. No hill of attainder, or 'ex post foci■>
law, or law denying or impairing tiie I
right of property in negro slaves shall
Im* passed.
No capitation or other direct tax
shall lie laid unless in proportion to the
een us of enumerate n hereinbefore di
rected to he taken.
b. No tax or duty shall lie laid on at
tit les exported from arty State except b>
a vote of two-thirds of both Houses.
7. No preference shall lie given bv
arty regulation of commerce or revenue
to the ports of one State over those ot
another
8. No money shall he drawn from the
treasury hut in consequence of appro
priations made by law; and a regular
statement and account of the receipts
and expenditures of all public money
shall he published from time to time
It. Congress shall appropriate no
money from the treasury except by a
vote of two-thirds of botii Hou-cs, tak
en by yeas and nays, unless it he asked
and estimated for by some one of the
heads of Department, and submitted to
Congress by the President; or for the
purpose of paying its own expenses and
contingencies; or for the payment of
claims against the Confederate State.-.,
Hie justice of which snail have been
judicially declared by a tribunal for the
investigation of claims against the gov
ernment. which it is hereby made the
duly of Congress to establish.
Id. All hills appropriating money |
shall specify n Federal cut rent v the ex- j
act amount of each appropriation and
the purpose for which it is made ; and
emigre s shall grant no extra compen
sation to any public character, officer,
ag'-nt or servant, after such eiiitraet
shall have been made or sueli service
rendered.
11. No title of nobility shall he grant
ed by tiie I onted-rate States; and n->
person holding any office o , profit or |
trust under them shall, without the
consent of the Congress, accept of anv -
present, emolument, office or title of
any kind whatever trom any* king,
prince or foreign .state.
11l Congress shall make no law re
specting an establishment of religion, or j
prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or j
abridging tiie freedom of speech, or of
the press; or tiie right of the people I
peaceably to assemble and petition the
government for a redress of grievances. I
11. A well regulated militia being i
necessary to the security of a free State. !
the right of the people to keep and bear j
arms shrill not be infringed.
14. No soldier shall, in time of peace,
be quartered in any house without the |
consent of the owner; nor in time of
wav, but in a manner to be prescrilie.il
by law. *
1-V The right of the people to be se
cure in their persons, houses, papers
and effects against unreasonable scan lies
and seizures shall not lie violated . and
mi warrants shall issue but upon prob- i
able cause, supported by* oath or affirm
tiou, ami particularly describing the
place to be searched, and the persons or
things to be seized.
l(i. No person shall be held to answer
for a capital or olherwi e in'amous j
crime, unless on a presentment or in
dictment of a grand jury, except incases
arising in (he land or naval forces, or
in the militia, when ill actual service in !
time of war or public danger : nor shall
any person be subject for the same of- I
fence to be twice put ill jeopardy ot life
or limb ; nor be compelled, ill any trim- j
in.il ease, to lie a witness against him
self : or la- deprived of life, liberty, or j
| property, without due process of law ;
nor shall private property he taken for
t public use, without just compensation, j
17. in all criminal prosecutions tiie !
accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy
j ami public trial, by an impartial j u y of
, the State and district wherein tiie crime
shall have been committed, which dis- I
tri t shall have been previously aseer- !
t lined by law. and to be informed o! i
J flic nature and can eof the accusation ; i
to he confronted witli tint witnesses j
against him ; to have compulsory pro
cosx for obtaining witnesses itt his favor; j
ami to have the assistance of counsel for
liis defence.
18. In suits at common law. where
tin* value in controversy shall exceed
twenty dollars, the right of trial bv j nr \
shall be preserved ; an I lin tact so tried
i by a jury shall t>e otherwise re-exam
ined in any court - f the Ci ufederoev.
than amraliug to the rules of the com
mon law.
lit. Excessive had shall not lie re
quite,l, nor excessive tines imposed, not
cruel an i unusual punishments indicted.
gb. Fieri law, or resolution having
tin* torce ot law, shall relate to but one
subject, and that shall be expressed in
i the title.
Sec 10—1. No State shall enter ill 10
any treaty, alliance, or confederation ;
1 grant letters of marque or reprisal • coin
j money ; make anything but gold and
silve. e lin a t. n.ler it. payment of debt
pass any bill ol attainder, or ex fostjoc'o ■
law, or law impairing tee obligation ot ;
contracts, or grant any title f nobility, j .
2. No State shall, without the coo- I i
sent of Congress, l.n imposts or duties 1
on im torts or exports, except what may t
be absolutely lie, es-ary tor executing: 1
<«5 inspection lawa; and the net pit
dime ol' all duties and imposts, laid bv -
any State on imports or exports, shall a
be mr the me of the treasury of the i r
Confederate States ; and all such laws i
shall be subject to the revision and con- j
trol of Congress.
3. No State thrill, without’the con- j
nut of Congress, lay any duty on ton
nage, except on sea going vessels, for
the improveme it of its rivers and har
bors navi rated by tiie stild vessels : bat
such duties shall not conflict with any
treaties of the Confederate States with
foreign nations; and any surplus reve
nue, thus derived, shall, after making
such improvement. In- paid into the
common treasury. Nor shall any State :
keep troops or ships of war in time of
peace, enter into any agreeim-ntor anil
pact with another State, or with a for
eign power, or engage in war, unless
! at tisilly invaded, or in nidi imnineiit
| danger as will not admit of delay, l’.nt
j wlnu any river divides or flows through
| twoor more States, they may enter into
| compacts with each otner to improve
- the navigation thereof.
ARTICLE If.
I Sec 11. Tiie executive power shall
be visited in a i’resident of tiie Cimfed ;
eiate States of America. He and the
Vic.- l'resiiiewt shall hold their offices I
for tiie term of six years ; but tiie l’res- j
idniit shall not be re eligible. The |
President and Vice iff- fluent slmll be
elected ns follows:
3.- Kacli State shall appoint in such
manner as the legislature thereof nn .
determine, a number of electors equal
to the whole number of Senators and
Representatives to winch tiie S ate may
l»* entitled in tin* Congress ; but no
Senator or Representative, or •person
bolding au office of trustor orotit under |
tiie Confederate Stales, shall be ap
|* inted all elector.
3. the elector;; shall meet in their re- !
slice Jive States and v„te by ballot for
President and Vico I’resident, one of
whom, at least, shall not be an inhabi
tant ot the same State with themselves;
they shall name in their ballots the per- j
soil voted t ir as President, and in dis- :
tinct ballots the person voted for as
Vice President. a*-d they shall m die |
flistincts lists of all persons voted for as !
i resident, and of all persons voted tor j
us \ iee I’icsident. ai.-d the number ol
votes tor each, which listi they shall \
I sign and certify, and transmit, sealed,
to the seat (if government of tiie Con
ic derate (states, dilacted to the Presi
dent of the {senate ; the President of the
Senate shall, in the presence of tiie Sen
ate and House of Representatives, open
all t*e certificates, and the votes shall
then be counted : the person having the
greatest number of votes for President
shall be the President, if such number
be a majority of the whole number of
electors appointed; and if no person
have such majority, then, lrom the pei
koiis having the highest numbers, not
exceeding three, on the list of those
voted for as President, tiie House of
; Representativessliali choose immediate
] ly. by ballot, the President. Rut in
choosing tin* President, the votes sliali
lie taken by States,.the representation
from ca> h State having one vote, a
| quorum for ibis purpose . ball eon ist of
] a member or members from two-third,
of the Sta'es, and a majority of all the
States shall lie necessary to a i ii : .
And if tiie 11,nice of Representatives 1
shall not choose a I’resident, whenever :
the right ol choice shall devolve upon
: them, before the fourth day of Man h
i next following, I hen the Vice President
sliali act kh President, as in ,-ase el' the
j detail, or other constitutional disability
j of the President.
4. The person having the greatest
number ol votes a. Vice f’resideiit shall
i be the \ ice President, it such number
j be a majority ol tiie whole number of
; electors appointed; and it no person
have a majority, then, flout tin: two
highest numbers on the list the Senate
1 shall ch lose tiie Vice President; a qu<>-
i turn for the purpose shall consist of two
! thirds of tiie whole number of Senators
| and a majority of tiie whole number
j shall be necessary to a choice.
. 5. But no person constitutionally in
eligible to the office of President shall
I be eligible to that of Vice President of 1
the Confederate States.
b- The Congress may determine the
time of choosing the electors, and the ;
day on wnioh they shall give thei: i
votes; which day shall lie the same
i throughout tiie Confederate States.
No person" except a natural born |
- citizen ol the Confederate Stales, or a
j citizen thereof, at the time ot tiie. adop
tion of tins constitution, ora citizen
thereof bom in tiie United States prior
I to the 2fffk ol December, 18M>, shall lie j
j eligible to tiie office ot President; nei
ther shall any person lie eligible to that
i ol hce who shall not have attained to the j
i ,I KC ot thirty-live years, and been four
teen years a resident within the limits
l ot tiie Coni , leone States, as they may
| exist at the time of’his election. j
5. In case ot tiie removal of the l’res
j iilciit lßii.l oiiicc, or oi iits» dc.ith, i
' nation, or inability to discharge tiie
j powers and duties of tiie said office, the j
same sliali devolve on the Vice l’rcsi
j deni and the Congress may, liv law.
| provide for tiie case of removal, death,
! resignation, or inability both of the
j President and Vice President, declaring
what officer shall tiicu act as Pre.-ideut,
and such officer sliali act accordingly
j until tiie disability be removed or a
| Presidaut sliali be elected.
ff. The President shall, at stated times, '
r-xviv * lor his services a compensation,
which sliali neither be increased nor
! diminished during the period for wiiieli
I he sliali have been elected ; and lie !
i sliali not receive within that period anv
other emolument from the Confederate :
States, or any of them
iff. llelore lie enters on the execution -
ot ills office lie sliail take the following
oath or affirmation :
'■ 1 do solemnly swear (or affirm) that
1 will faithfully execute the office ot
President of tin- Confederate States, and
will, to tin best of my ability, preserve,
protect, and defend tiie Constitution
t hereof.' ’
Sec. 2.—1. The President shall be j
eomiii.inder-in-ehii l of tin- armv ar.d
navy of the Confederate States, and of
the militia of the several St a ti-s. when
called into tiie aetual service ot’ tin*Coll -
federate States; he may require the
opinion, in writing, of the principal of
ficer in each of the Executive Depart
- ills ujkui any subject relating to the
duties ot their respective offices ; and he
-hull have power to grant renrieves and
pardons for offences against the t’oufed
**:ate States except in c.oses of impeaclr
ment.
2. He shall have power, by and with j
the advice and content of the Senate, i (
to make treaties, provided two-thirds of i
tiie Senators present concur; and he •
shall nominate, and by and with the I
advice and consent of the Senate, shall ■
appoint ambassadors, other public min
isters uad consuls, Judges of the supreme ‘ i
court, and all other office rs of the Con- j
federate States, whose appointments are |
not lierein otherwise provided for, and j
which shall be established by law ; but j
tiie Congress may, by law, vest the ap- j
pointment of such inferior officers, as t
they think proper, in the President i
alone, in tiie courts ot law, or in the j
heads of Departments.
3. Tiie principal officer in each of tiie \
Executive Departments, and all persons j
connected witli tiie diplomatic service,
may lie removed from off ice at tiie pleas
ure of the* President. All other civil
officers of the Executive Department
i: x hi removed at any time by the
President, or other appointing power,
when their services are unnecessary, or
for dishonesty, incapacity, inefficiency,
misconduct, or neglect of duty; and
when so removed, tiie removal shall be
reported to the Senatt, together with
; the reasons therefor.
4. The President shall have power to
till ali vacancies that may happen du
ring tiie recess of tiie Senate, by graut
j big commissions which shall expire at
the end of their next session ; but no
j j -l-oii rejected by the -Senate shall he
re-appointed to tae same office during
their ensuing recess.
m-. 0. 3. —1. The Pres: dent shall, from
time to time, give to the Congress in
formation of the state of the Confeder
acy. and recommend tt their eunsidera
| tion such measures as ho sliali judge
necessary and expedient; lie may, on
extraordinary occasions, convene both
j Houses, or either of them ; and in case
lof disagreement between them, w : th re-
I s(sct to the time of adjournment, lie
I may adjourn them to such time as lie
! sliali think pnqior ; lie sliali receive am
bassadors and otlicr public ministers;
in- shall takecare tb.it the laws be faith
fully executed, and sliali commission all
tie- officers of tiie Conlederate States.
Sko. 4. -I. The Pre.-ident, Vice i’rcs
j ident, and ali civil oil cers of the Con
federate States, sliali be removed from
j office on impeachment for, and eonvic
j tio i of treason, bribery, or oilier liigli
! crimes and misdeuieiin is.
ARTICLE HI.
Six*. J. —I. Hie judicial power of the
: Conlederate States shall lie vested in
one supreme court, an! in such inferi
or couKs as tiie Congress may from time
to rime ordain and establish. The
judges, both of the supreme and inferi
or com ts, shall hold t!\eir offices during
rood behavior, and shall, at stated
times, receive for their services a com
pensation, which shall not lie diminish
ed during their continuance in office.
Skc. 2 —l. The judicial power shall
extend *o all cases arising under this
constitution, the laws of the Confeder
ate St ites, and treaties made or which
hall be made under tl dr authority ; to
all eases affecting an bassadors, oilier
public ministers and consuls ; to all ca
-« of admiralty and inaritima juris-lio
tion ; to enntr<>versit*s to vvhicli the Co
nfederate States shall boa party; to con
troversies between two in' more States ;
between a State aid t itizeus of another
State where tic- State i: plaintiff, between
citizens claiming lands under grants of
different States, and between a State or
tiie citizens thereof, and foreign States,
citizen:. or : objects ; lint no State shall
) Ik* sited In. a citizen , r subject of any
j toreign State.
2. in all e.c es attV-et ing ambassadors,
other public minister.- . mid consuls, ami
J those m which a State shall lie a party,
tiie supreme eoiut sliiill have apjM-Jlate
jurisdietloii, both as to law* and fact,
with such exceptions, and under such
regulations, as the Congress shall make.
3. The trial of all -rimes, except in
! vases ot irypeachmc-ut sliail be by jury,
| and such t rial sliail bt held in the State
where the said crime! shall have been
ee.emitted ; hut wheel not committed
. w ittiin any Mate, tiu trial sliail lie at
such place or places as the Congress
may, by law, have directed.
Six. 3.—1. Treason against the Con
federate States shall consist only in le
I vying w,.r against them, or adhering to
tlieir enemies, giving them aid and
j comfort. No person shall !>o convicted
ot treason unless on tiie testimony of
■ two witncs.-i r. to the same overt act, or
j oil confession in open court.
-■ T he Congress shall have power to
! declare the punishment of treason; but
no attainder ot trßaso t sliali work cor-
I ruptiou ot blood, or forfeiture, except
dui/.ug the life of tin- person attainted.
ARTICLE IV.
Bix. i. —l. Full faith and credit shall
j be given in cat’ll State to tiie public acts,
records, and judical proccedingsofevery
other Mate. And the Congress may, by
i general laws, prescribe the manner in
! which huch acts, records, and proceed
! mgs sliail be prove ! and the effect
I thereof.
I Bi:e. 2.—J. The citizens of each State
shall be eiiMtlvd to all privileges and
[ immunitivs of citizens in the several
! States and shall have the right of tran
j sit ami sojourn in any State of this Con
j icderaey, v itli tlieir slaves and other
property ; and the right of property in
said slaves sliali not be thereby impair
; ed.
2. A petson charged in any State with
treason, felony, or other crime, against
the laws of such State, who shall tie*
: trom justice, and be found in au
i other State, shall, < n demand of tiie
' executive authority of tiie State from,
; which lie tied, be delivered up, to be'
; removed to the State having jurisdiction
{ of the crime.
3. No slave or other person held to
j service or labor in any State or territory
ot the Confederate States, under the laws 1
j thereof, esitapiug or 1 iwfully carried in- |
to another, shall, in consequence of any I
| law or regulation therein bo disdiarg.-ff j
from such service or labor; but sliali j
be delivered up on c aim of the party
to whom such slave h dongs, or to whom (
sueli service or labor nay be due.
Sec. 3.—1. (itiier -tntes may lie ad
mitted into this Confeder.ivy by a vote
cl two-thirds of the whole House of j
Representatives, and two-thirds of the
Senate, tiie Senate toting by States;
but no new State stall be formed or:
I erected within the j lrisdietion of any i
; other State, nor any Mate be formed by I
tiie juiH tion of two «• more States, or j
parts of Slates, withoit tiie consent of
the L- gislature of tin* State coneerned
as well as of the Congress.
2. 1 lie i digress shall have power to
dispose'of and make all needful rules :
and regulations concerning tiie projier- j
iy of the Confederate States, including
the 1 mds thereof.
3. Tiie Coiifederat * States may ac 1
quire new territory ; and Congress shall
have power to legislate and provide gov
ernments for the inhabitants ot all
territory belonging tithe Confederate 1
Mat*-, lying without the limits ,a the
several States ; and may permit them,
at such tim.s, and iu such manner as
j it may by law provide, to form Stat< t
to be admitted into the Confederacy.-
: In all such territory the institution of
negio slavery, as it now exists in the
J Confederate States, shall he recognise !
and protected by Congress and by i] lt .
| territorial government ; and the irihtih
j Hants of the several Confederate Mates
! and Territories shall have th • right to
| take to such Territory any slave Uw
j fully held by them in any of the States
j Gii'iVrritories of the Confederate Mates.
'I he i onfederate States shall guaranty
to every State that now is or hereafter
may become a member of this Confede
racy, a republican form o! government,
I and shall protect each 01 them against
j invasion ; and on application of the leg
islature (or of the executive when the
! Legislature is not in session) against do
mestic violence.
ARTICLE V.
Sec. I—l. Upon the demand of any
three States, legally assembled in their
| several conventions, the Congress shall
i summon a convention of all the State ,
| to take into consideration such amend
i meats to the constitution as the said
! States shall concur in suggesting at the
j time when the said demand is made, an 1
' should any oi the ptojioseil amendment.-,
to the constitution he agreed on by the
■ said convention—voting bv States—an;
the same tie ratified by the legislatures
ot two-thirds of the several States, or by
• conventions in two-thirds thereof-as
t the one or the other mode of ratification
i may he proposed by the general conven
tion—they shall theneelb: ward forma
part of this constitution, lint no State
shall, without its consent, he deprived
: oi its equal representation in the Senate.
ARTICLE VI
; 1. The government established by this
• Constitution is the successor of the 1T»-
i visional Government of the Confederate
States of America, and ail the laws pass
- ed by the latter shall continue in force
until the same shall he rep ed or fm»d
i ilied; and all the officers absented bv
the. same shall remain in office until
; their successors are appointed and quali
lied, or the offices aholi .acd.
-• All debts contract and engan -
• ments entered into helm the adoption
i of this constitution shall lie as valid
against the Confederate v aaes under
J this constitution as under the l’rovision
• al Government.
d. This constitution, and the laws of
f the Confederate States, made ie pursu-
I ance thereof, and all treaties made, or
- which shall he made under the authori
ty ot the Confederate States, shall he
the supreme law of the Inml: and the
1 judges in every State shall be bound
i thereby, anything in the constitution or
laws oi any State to tiie contrary not
i withstanding.
> 4. ’The Senators and Uepresentud'vos
r before mentioned and the mem Is ~ of
the several State legislatures, and all'
■ executive and judicial officers, both of
- the Confederate States and of the sever
- al States, shall be bound by oath or as
; Urination, to > ippoit this (onstitution;
hut no religious test shall ever lie re
i q uired as a quali Mention to any office
I' or public trust under the Confederate
r States.
, (i. The enumeration, in the constitu
tion, of certain lights, shall not be con
' strued to deny or disparage others re
tained by the people of the several
, States.
17. The powers not delegated to the
, Confederate States by the constitution,
’ nor prohibited by it to the States are
reserved to the States, respectively, or
i to the people t hereof.
ARTICLE YU.
1 1. lhe ratification of tie l conventions
of five States shall be suffieient for the
establishment of this constitution lie
i tween the States so ratifying the same.
I 2. When five States shall have ratified
: this constitution, in the matter before
; specified, the Congress under the Pro
visional constitution, shall p:escribe the 1
time for holding the election of Presi
dent and Vice-President; and, for the
’ meeting of the Electoral College; and,
I for counting the votes, and inaiignrat-
I. ing the President. They shall, also.
1 prescribe the time for holding the first
election of members of Congress under
this constitution, and the time for as
’ sembling the same. Until the assem
bling of such < 'ongress, the Congress un
der the Provisional constitution shall
• continue to exercise the legislative pow
ers granted them; not extending beyond
the time limited by the constitution of
the Provisional Government.
Savannah Route!
TO
ew » Yorli.
Sraat Redaction in Hates ot
Passage
Hzw Arrangement or Through j tckeis.
. *>«>* vtiom
Nfcw Orleans 75 Menu, M- |_;i 7*
Mobile JSS 00 Nashv jle *7 7?
Montgomery 25 00 Chat tan » .* ’ * i> s 00
‘ ’omnibus -I Ot) Knoxville . "'hr,,
iV buHy 00 Atlanta * "1 mi
•«««•« :20 0l» AugUrt .t 17 »
\<;j: diiK KKn tiikok;ii in
j MHMutti:in r-xj.rwk-s t'ouij.nny on Uic (Vuiiai
luoi r.oa'l Dari, and delivered any wherein New York
or vicuuty,
1 liy tiie Sj.leudid and Commodious
Sil>E-\V HEEL, Steamships
S l, j. A ' }«2 Obtain IVorkII.1,1;.
ItAßAih. S•• : ss*s
: u * vU * the
•n.iac Sti amsliii'.fKjlosKiollieOld Established and
m.ontc,„rk„ou„ „ the New York and bavannal,
M(ar.islit|i Company. and were btjitt expressly for lid
line, they are commanded l.y ex|.erieneeil. skillful
rarei-ii. and pome ..ifk-ers; and in eouill,Cabin a
on the vu!? 4 bleau ‘ aM t* oteetivvl byuiy ve*.ds
THROUGH TICKETS ARE SOLD
J .? Tjew Orteanaby K. Niauim, so Orovier street.
.Vlnlnlc •• Cox, -HA IX ART) & Co..
. ( oluint.ua, •• S. h HIM. Anent flarnden’k
v.vt'ress and J. M. Bivixs. -.ill Road Ticket .V s-ng
ami iv. all other joints by corim. ting Kail Road Tick
et Atrenu. JOHN R. WILDER* A GALLIE
Agents. Uav Street. Savannah.
' iIITCHILI. A SON,
Corn, Flour, Whisky.
BAHIIELb \\ HIsKY, differentgrades,
Jmt .u ow t.r: -s:
ISO Etowah Mill* Family and Superfine
t I.ot R. in Dam-1* aari « ,ck>-
SOO DushoD W ite < ;
000 “ For Rightly damaged, at low price,
ton ale by
J- C.&D.B, Jones,
_ #W Drt.ad Street.
iHE
Finest Watering Place
IN T IE
SMTHFRY COYFCDFimi !
T‘!/; O'Vf.V.U VM WJJW4
r-«H:r.n "!’ Visitors, ontfin first If Mar. Yu\sJ. •
a*:i r^nlcand lnrigorator, ba* nooqual. The >im« -
s s&zr** fc ” ochm ysa
To Rent,
% PI.E \*\.yr I.VVKIJ.IM; ON THf-
Rnnd Mill*, t p.lm- j-npin:»»- an «‘rci.au.'
V nr-yar.l-and Exctllvut Well nt Water. Abblv
apre dtf ROBERT C. CLAitKE