Newspaper Page Text
[VOL. I ]
by DANIEL STARNES * Co.
PROPOSALS
~v OAKII I. ITARSES & TO.
a uukkr h • w “ ity
IN THE CITY OF AUGUSTA,
TO BE ENTITLED
Mirror of the Times.
•»
TUF universal promulgation of
! ‘ nd t be«n*r*' deftributicn of know
tr, b ’ die fuft importance m
kdBC ’ lr «ntrv where liberty ha* left traces
• ,Lht Where ignorance reipns there
”«triumph, and defpo.ifm governs. A.
an become* enlightened author.ty w.il be
Sued & m rality restored—Knowledge &
Lue are the bases of freedom-the one
bAnAi u« in onr right, the other teaches
„ourdu.i«; the firftfbew. us how to
onOruA the bcft poflible form of govern-
Bent, the last require* us to obey it when con
firmed. It is therefore advantageous every
where, hut ia a Republic it is absolutely ne
eeffarv, that cnrreft information fliould be
widcV diffufcd and easily obtained: For
lit,, tis the people who govern 7b,y never
intmtionallv choose bad leaders or approve
wropg measures, yet they are liable to error
_jjjve ihetn true details and they will judge
torrecHv—for on /•/<*/« ground, the people al
v-pform j*ti opinions ; whenever they mif
like their own interest ‘tis owing entirely to
want of information in the many or want of
honesty in the few. But exteujme political in
forniaton is not to he acquired without much
lihcur, and few have leifurc to ftutJy the
{yftems,compare the opinions, dc peruse the
pages of Locke, Sydney, Gibbon, -Hume sic
Vattel. If an acquaintance with the true
principiesof government & duties of a citizen
could 1* acquired only from huge folios
/edilfufe treaiifes,it would be seldom fought
cr if fought, the plough, the hatchet, and
the saw must fland (fill. Some cheaper and
easier means of fati.fying curiosity and
procuring information must therefore be
looked for; and where is intelligence,
rheapnefs and convenience united with more
advantr-ge, than in the closely printed col
umn of the humble News-paper ? . Our
tountrymeu appear so well convinced «f
the ufefulnefsof periodical prints, and h „ ■
so very liberally encouraged them, tha' 'if
deem it unnecessary to insist on their me 1
•ndalmofl hesitate to request public pat
ronsce for another -n»Hi;ih
n e ran promise little except what atten
tion, honesty fit induftrv can perform The
principles of our Paper, likeour own, will be
Republican, “ but the fame freedom of opin
ion which we claim for ourfelvo, we wifl,
all others to enjoy.’* Civil an d Religious
liberty is the birh right of evry man, and
he who will not extend the fame indulgence
to all parties, and all feft, which he Wift le ,
for hi, own, is already or deserves to be a
To support Religion and morality will
woor pnde— to encourage literature our
tndcavor-no communications calculated to
.ill be
.k l * free co «ntrr tis nereffarv
fliould be neither vague nor
j nown, .11 public aft, o ftb c State EL
«SiTai hereforebepub,ifl,ed a * thc y
«pc l n h ,?!/ IP k° R ° F c THF T,MES he
d C ’ nVa •’ r ,lb ' ic mta fure with
wdividuX ‘he conduft of
*'H know— l * v fi ' Ctrs . of government—it
himi hut Truth." y C ° No
CONDITIONS.
I L h b e S ROR °™ T,MES "**» b e
p h ifted every Monday, on a royal
fluenof an excellent quality, , nd good
MKec ,ofubfCrberß w!n be three
.tZr ZDWa ' pa,d balf »
j pric ' for will b e fiq v
,! fr T ” re ,OF the firrt bifertion
hnS eVenaod#ha,ff--hcon
" he delivered so Town
tK r tV and
i t s r t>,e c , cunt ry will be d< ne up
and delivered at the Post-
Subscribers,
AVE removed iheir Stock of
s, r torn,er '.v
p«4 ’ * K ““y ju*t |
4 f
f n cx(e **ite assortment of
dry goods.
LROCERIKK,
Hardware
bLTLKRY,
STATIONARY fir
SADDLERY.
SROts y JiTb f n assorttTie nt of
"Inch they „.|| dispose of!
All '•U.IkV ? ' ° F SALT
,O *ll a \ 11Cy 3re determined !
•* «0 , Z‘: l " KV
' an Sir.deien.
MIRROR OF THE TIMES
For Sale,
The Bay-Springs,
W HERON the Subscriber now
lives, six miles abovvi Au
gust, on the main road leaomg to
Milledgeville—lts situation for a
Tavern cannot be exceeded, and as
lor JieaJth it scarcly can be equaled.
It is well timbered with Pine, Oak,
&c. &c. which have been particu
larly reserved, and its conveniences
are seldom surpassed in point of
houses, stables, kitchens, wells of
good water, orchard, nurserses S(c
For further particulars application
may be made to
B. B. TIN DILL.
October 24.
"notice-'
THE EleOion of the Officers
of the Richmond Academy, will
take place on Saturday the 31R
of December next, for the en
suing year, when a ReOor will
he appointed wiih a Salary of
S 500 and half the Tuition mo
ney* and an English Teacher,
with a Salary of g 4GO and the
other half of the Tuition mo
ney. Application will be ad
dressed to DoEtor John Mur_
ray, Prejident oj ike Board oj
TruJlees.
THOMAS BARRETT, Cl'k.
Nov. si.
NOTICE.
THE Citizens, who have not
mi %• / u , bfcrib -
Nighlly Guard, (.o go ?.'. u . nt s"
ration on Thursday night next)
are informed that the fubferp.
tion paper is left at Calffrey
and Buftin’s, where they are
(olicited to call and iubferibe.
Ottober 91.
Ten Dollars Reward.
P UNAWAY
n Xv in Aug. lan,
Abbeville S.
Carolina, a dark
-' v ~-- • mu negro wo.
'■ named Abbe.
about 30 years of age, and ra*
• her delicately shaped.
Captain Kaac Wellborn of
whom the fubferiher purchaled
her, found her in the Augulta
jail in July lalt, after an abienct
from her owner of 13 months.
Her huiband I am toid belongs
o
to Mrs. Walker who 1 elides in,
or near Augutta.
ELI S. DAVIS.
061. 31.
The Subscriber
HAS removed to the house next
below Mr. James Murren’s Store,
and a few doors below his former
stand, where he has lor sale an
assortment of
Dry Goods £? G foceries,
Also, a large quantity of
Manufactured Tobacco
OF AN EXCELLENT QUALITY.
All of which will be sold very
low for Cash or Produce.
He is in hopes that those indebt
ed to him by bond, note, or open
account due last winter, will make
it convenient to settle their respec
tive debts in a short time, as ho
longer Indulgence will be given
than the law ha« or w ill give them.
SAMUEL FEE.
November 14.
** hold tHE mirror up to NATURE.” — shjkesptiirt.
WE*P END OF BROAD STREET.
Christian Smith ,
(Under the firm of STEJXERT
<S Co. m Sura mink t J in tonus his
friends and t/iepukiic in general ,
that hts has taken the stare us
Mr. Shnmes, opi>osifr t the Xu it
Manufactory x n'het\ * offetsfor
sale , very lowJor Cash or Pro
duce,
A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF
GROCERIES >
VIZ ;
GIN in Pipes,
Rum in Hluls.
Philadelphia Beer, ) T n ,
Porter and Ale, ( In ,} " rre ‘ s
Sherry Wine 6 years old j In quar-
Malaga, do, do. j ter casks
Best Green Coffee in Bags,
Do. Sugar in Barrel*,
Glass in Boxer, 8 by 10.
Soap do.
Raisins do.
Writing paper.
Cotton Bugging & Cotton Cards,
Pork, he.
November 21.
Copartnership Dissolved ,
The Copartnership of
.William Pool & Co.
Is this day dissolved by nVutual
consent and the intire settlement
devolving on Win* Pool who in
tends continuing in the same
house- —All those indebted whose
accounts and notes ale now due,
are requested to come forward and
settle them immediately.
Wm. POOL.
J. GRINAGE.
Nov. 4. (-f)
DOCUMENTS
Accompanying the President's Mes
sage.
Prom the Secretary '•‘Mr.
Vr-ktne
Department of State March 25.
Sir—Having laid before »be
president your letter of the 2.1 d
of Febuary, explaining the char
acter of certain British orders of
council issued in November last,
I proceed to communicate the ob
servations & representations which
will manifest to your government
the sentiments ol the president on
so deep a violation of the com
merce and rights of the United
States.
These orders interdict to neu
tral nations, or rather to the U. S.
now the only commercial nation
in a state of neutrality, a!! com
merce with the tnemies of Great
Britain, now nearly the whole
commercial world, with certain
exceptions only, and under cer
tain regulations, but too evidently
fashioned to the commercial, the
manufacturing and the fiscal poli
cy of Great-Britain ; and on that
account, the more derogatory from
the honor and independence of
neutral nations.
The orders are the more calcm
lated to excite surprise in the U.
States, as they hare disregarded
the remonstrances conveyed in m>
letters of the 20<h and 29ih of.
March, 1807, against another or
der of council, issued on a similar
pica, in the month January, 1307.
To those just remonstrances,
no answer was indeed t;ver given ;
whilst the order has been continu
ed in its pernicious operation a
gainst the lawful commerce of the
United State*, and We find added
to it, others, instituting still more
ruinous depredations, without e- j
ven the addition of any new pre- j
text ; and when moreover it is
notorious j that the order of Janu
ary was of a nature greatly to over
balance in its effects any injuries
to Great-Biitaiu that could be ap
prehended from the illegal opera
tion of the French decree on which
the order was to retaliate, had
that decree in its illegal operation
been actually applied to the U. 8.
and been acquiesced in by them.
The last order's, like that of j
January, procerd on the most
unsubstantial foundation. They
assume lor fact an unlawful appli
cation to them ojj*he French de
cree ; and thev assume' for prin
ciple, that the right of retaliation
accruing so one belligerent against
a neutral, through whom an injury
is done by another belligerent,
in not to have for its measure, that
of the injury received, Init may
lie exercised in any extent, and
under any modifications which
may suit the pleasure or the poli
cy of the complaining partv.
I he fact, sir, is unequivocally
disowned. It is not true that the
| United States have acquiesced in
an illegal operation of the French
decree ; nor is it even true, that at
the date of British orders of Nov.
11, a single application of that de
cree to the commerce of the U.
States on the high seas, can be
presumed to have been known to
the British government.
The French decree in question
has two dictinct aspects, one clear
ly importing an intended opera
tion within the territorial liniitsas
a local law ; the other apparently
importing an intended operation
on the high seas.
Under the first aspect, the de
cree, however otherwise objec
tionable cannot be said to have
violated the neutrality of the U.
States. If the governing powers
on the continent of Europe choose
to exclude from their ports, British
productions or neutral vessels pro
ceeding from British ports, it is
an act of sovereignty which the
United Slates have no right to
controvert. The same sover
eignty is exercised by G. B. at all
times, in peace as well as in war,
, towards her friends as well as her
enemies. Her statute book pre
sents a thousand illustrations.
It is Onlv. thrrpfnre. under the
okher aspect ofthe decree, that it
can have violated neutral rights ;
and this would have resulted from
its execution on the high seas,
whether on the pretext of a nom
inal blockade, or with a view
to enforce a domestic regulation
against foreign vessels not within
tne domestic precincts, but under
• he authority and protection of the
law of nations.
Had then the French decree
been executed on the high seas
against the commerce of the U. S.
with Great-Briuin, and have the
Uniied States acquiesced in the
unlawful and injurious proceed
ing ?
I state, sir, on undeniable au
thority, that the first instance in
which that decree was put in force
against the neutral rights of the
U. S. was that of the Horizon, an
American ship, bound from G. D.
to Lima, wrecked within the ter
ritorial jurisdiction of F’rance, but
condemned under an exposition of
the decree extending to the high
seas, its operation against neu
trals. This judicial decision took
place as late as the 16th day ol
October, JBO7, and was not ofIL
cially known to the minister plen
ipotentiary < »' the United States
at F- 1 is, till B ome time in Nov.
At the date therefore of the first ■
order of Great-Britain, no injury
whatever had been done to her,
through an aggression on the com
merce of the U. States. No pre
sumption even had been sufficiently
authorised that the express stipula
tion in the treaty of France with
the United States would not ex
empt their commerce at least from
the operation of any edict incom
patible with them. At the date
even of the latter orders of Nov.
11, it appears, that the only ag
gression which had then occur
red, was pretty certainly unknown
to the British government, and
could therefore have had no share
in producing this alledged retalia
tion.
To this fact, that the ahip
zon was the first that occurred Os
MONDAY, December 12, 1808*
i an execution of the French decree
on the high seas, I am able to
add, that as late as the 30th of
N ovember, no other case had been
brought into the French court
of prizes. From accounts which
; have lately appeared, it is more
1 than probable that unlawful cap*
1 tures by French cruizcrs- have
i since taken place, but it remains
1 to be known whether they are to
i be referred to the concurrence of
the French go verb men t s in the
judgment pronounced in tha case
of the Horizon, or not rather to a
French decree of the 17th Decem
ber last, professing to be a retal
iation on the British order of
November 11.
I state with equal confidence,
that at no time have the United
States acqui -seed in a violation of
their neutral rights injurious to
Great-Britain or any other belli
gerent nation. So far were they,
in particular, from acquiescing in
the French decree of Nov. 1806,
that the moment it was known to
their minister at Paris, he called
for explanation ofita meaning in
relation to the U. States, which
were favorable, and uncontradic
ted by the actual operation of the
decree j that he steadily watched
over the proceedings under it,
with a readiness to interpose a
gainst any unlawful extencion of
them to the commerce of the U*
S.—that no time was lost, after
the decree came to the knowledge
of the government here, in giving
him proper instructions on the sub
ject—that he was equally prompt
on receiving the decision of the
court in the case of the Horizon,
in presenting to the French gov
ernment, a remonstrance in term*
which can never be censured for a
defect of energy ; and that, by the
fir«t opportunity after that decision
reached the president, thw parti
cular instructions required bv it
were forwarded to that minister.
Nor is it to be forgotten, that pre
l vious to ; 'the British orders 6f Nov.
it had been explicitly communica
ted to the British government by
the American minister at London,
that explanations uncontradicted
by any over act had been given
to our minister ar Paris, which
justifies a reliance that the French
decree would not be pat in force
against the United States, and that
the communication was repeated
to the British government imme
diately on the publication of those
orders.
What more could have been re
qu ired on the part of the U. S.
to obviate retaliating pretensions
of any sort on the part of Great
Britain ? Retaliations are mea
sures of rigor in all cases. Where
they are to operate through a third,
and involuntary party, they will
never be hastily resorted to by a
magnanimous or a just power j
which will always allow to the
third party its right to discuss the
merits of the case, and will never
permit itself to enforce its mea
sures, without afifoiding a reason
able time lor the use ot reasonable
means tor substituting another re
medy. What would be the situa
tion of neutral powers, if the first
blow levelled through them by
one belligerent against another,
was to leave them no choice but
between the retaliating vengeance
of the latter and an instant declar
ation of war against the former ?
Reason revolts against this as the
sole alternative- The U. States
could no more be hound to evade
the British orders by an immedi
ate war with France, than they
were bound to atone for the burn
ing of the French snip of war on
the shore of North Carolina, by
an immediate resort to arms a
gainst Great-Britaio.
With respect to the principle
assumed by the Br itish ordets. it
is perfectly clear that it could oo t
justify them in the extent given t rt
their operation, a if the facts erro.
[No. IX.]