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Volume IV.I SATURDAVxt^
___ IcKu A r > NoVIM B T. fc cc, *rso2. [Xo. iBo>
LIBERTY IS OUR MOTTO >VJVO TRUTH OUR GUIDE.
LOUISVILLE, (GEORGIA) PublHhcd every Wednclclay, by AMBROSE DAY & JAMES MELY, State Printers,
at 3 doi:ais per aan. lieic Ell.iys, Articles of Intelligence, Advertifemcms, &:c. ike. arc thankfully received,
aiid 1 HISG in all its variety, is executed with ncatnci&and difpacch*
COMMUNICATION
Of his Excellency Governor
Tattnall, to both Houles
• of the Leg! flam re, flu his re
figning the government of
«. the Hate.
Fellow Citizens of the Senate,
end of theHouJeof Representatives,
IT will appear extraordinary
'•that I fhould addrefs the Legif
itture of the Hare from Savan
nah, and not as ufual from the
Executive office a: Louifville,
the Seat of Government, at
which place the conftituted au
thorities are annually convened
on the firft Monday in Novem
ber, for the purpofes of legifla
tion, and where the prefence of
the Chief MagiHrate of the (late,
*s confequently indifpenfably
neceffary. The imperious caufe
however being known it will
not be confidcred a derelifbon
of duty, or a want of zeal for
the public good.
In the month of June lad I
Was feverely attacked at this
place with a copious difeharge
of blood from the mouth, which
znufl have proceeded from a
rupture of fome veffel near the
vital parts, and which threatened
my immediate diffolution, and
has fince left me fo weak and
debilitated that I am incapable
of fupporting a ride of more
than three or four miles on a
fmooth road. In fuch a fituation
and under fuch circumftances,
with no profpefl before me of
bettering my health, without
going abroad and feeking it in
fome climate favorable to the
removal of the difeafe, I feel
it fellow citizens a duty incum
bent on me to refign the govern
ment of the Hate into your
hands-—and I requeff this may
be confidered my refignation
accordingly'—in order that by
your immediate choice of ano
ther perfon to fill the office of
Governor, all obftacles to the
operation of the fcveral Depart
ments of the Government may
timely ceafe. And whilft 1 feel
myfelf conHraincd thus to aft,
I beg of you and my fellow ci
tizens throughout the date to be
allured that were I bleffed with
diffident health both duty and
inclination would forcibly urge
me to a continuance in office
for the conftitutionai term : in
deed were this not the cafe, I
fnould be deficient in gratitude
to my country for the diftin
guifhed marks of favor and
confidence I have fo frequently
experienced, which claim, and
I trufl I may be permitted to
add, fecure my lading affeftion
and devotion to her lervice.—
Feeble as I am at prefent being
THE LOUISVILLE GAZETTE;
AND
REPUBLICAN TRUMPET.
almofl Incapable of writing, and
at a chdance from mv office, to
which it would be neceffary to
refort for various information,
I (hail be compelled to abridge
very confiderably my obferva
tions, and to notice only fuch
fubjefls as are the mod promi
nent.
A purchafe of land having
been made by the United States
Commiffioners from the Creek
Indians, at the treaty held in
June lad, the particulars ofwhich
as to fituation, boundaries and
quantity I have direded to be
laid before you, and ftiould the
fame be ratified by the proper
authorities, it will red with you
gentlemen to determine upon
the difpofidon to be made of the
ceded Territory; and I beg leave
to exprefs a hope that large mo
nopolies bv individuals may be
guarded againft, the baneful ef
fects of which are already too
vifible in our country, and the
hiftories cf other nations anci
ent and modern furnifh abundant
proof of the deftfudive confe
quences of thefe encroachments
upon the natural and common
rights of men. In republics
dpecially monopolies ffiould be
carefully avoided, for as large
Handing armies are rppofed to
both the fpiric and the fafety of
them, it is neceffary to inertafe
the firergrh of the nation by
that kind of population, which
will not only produce numbers
but fuch for defence as feel an
interefl in the foil.
The Militia Laws of the Hate
require revillon. '1 he ad cf
1792, with the addition of fun
dry claufes taken from aftsfub
fequently paffed with a few cor
redions, might be framed into
an efficient fyflem ; as there at
prefent exifl a variety of laws on
this fubjed, and claufes of fome
repealing parts of others, and
in fome inflances in terms lo
general that doubts arife as to
the extent of the operation, they
are rendered complex ; whereby
both officers and privates are
lubjeded to many errors. A
committee of military men fe
leded from the two branches of
the Legillature for the purpofe,
would by devoting a few hours
to this highly important fubjed
remedy all the inconveniences
complained of. And whilil we
have in view the .militia of the
Haie, permit me earnefily to
recommend to your attention
the adoption of means whereby
they may be armed and equip
ped for adua! fervice —the moft
if not all of our fiHer Hates have
already attended to this highly
effcnrial object—the principal
tar which has hitherto* and
which does HillexiH to the citi
zen 1 providing themfelvcs with
mufkets and accoutrements,
proceeds from the utter impoffi
biliry, more particularly in the
upper country of pufehafing
them at any price*—to remedy
therefore this evil, and to ren
der the Ripply as fpcedy as pof
fible, and the caliber of the
mufficts of one fize throughout
the Hate, I would recommend
thatprovifion be made to enable
the Executive to contrad for
one fourth at a time of the num
ber of mufkets, horfeincns pif
tols, fwords, &c. required—
which ffiall under his directions
he difpofed of in different parts
of the Hate at coft and charges j
and the proceeds again vetted
in another fourth of the quantity
required, and thus continued
till the whole are provided.—
1 am aware that doubts will arife
as to the fufficiently rapid falc
cf tie arms, &c. but if the
rffi res will rigidly enforce the
penally of the lav/ on all delin
quents fc long as a mufket or
ether article required remains
unfold at the fue or depofitc
neareft to his dill rift, I have
not the lead doubt of rheobjeft
being very fhortly attained, it
is but reafonable alfo to prefume
that a large proportion of our
fellow citizens will readily per
ceive their convenience as well
as interdt confulted in the mea
fure. 1 have reafon to believe
there will be fundry propofitions
made for fupplymg the Hate
with the arms, &c. one has
already been received from Mr.
George Wheeler, of Virginia,
which I have direded to belaid
before the Legislature.
At the extra Hffion of the
Legiflature held in June laft,
Charles Harris, efq. w as defied
Judge of the Eaftcrn DiHrifl,
in the room of Judge M‘Aliil
ter, who had refigued ; fince
that time, there has been no
court in that dill rift, Mr. Har
ris having declined accepting
that appointment. This fitu
ation is not only injurious to the
inhabitants of that part of the
Hare in general, but has no
doubt been productive of feri
ous injury to individuals as well
in a civil as in a criminal point
of view. Thofe charged with
offences are deprived cf a fpcc
dy enquiry into their innocence
or guilt, and fuitors fo unrea
ibnably delayed that it almcft
amounts to a denial of juHice,
and ruin often follows as the
ultimate conHquence. Unplea
fant as this fituation of the Dif
tnffc has been, I have not had
it in my power to afford relict.
Gcnderr.cn ca whom the nubile
rnuld confide the important
duty of deciding upon the lives
and fortunes of their fellow ci
ties cannot be induced to
abandon their private purfuirs,
and devote their time and talents
to the fervicc of the (late with
out a juft and rtafonable com**
per. far ion, nor ought it to be
expelled, their lalaries fliould
at leaft be fully adequate to theif
expeaces which I am perfuaded
is far from being the cafe ac
prefenr. Hence 1 have not been
able to fill the vacancy occa-
Honed by the refignacion of
Judge IvLAliifter, and the fub
fcquenc rcfufal of Mr. Harris
to accept* Whilft upon this
lubjeft permit me to rcconi**
mend to your lerious attention
the melioration of our criminal
code. The handfome and learn
ed manner in which this fubjefr
has recently been difelifted in
the public tribunals of the coun
try and elfcwhere, fupera de
die ncccftity of my entering
further into it upon the prefent
occahon, than merely to bring
it before you. Several lifter
Hates in the Union afford a happy
iliuftration of the fyftcm I would
recommend, and prove to rny
mind beyond the poftibllity of
doubt what J think nu.ll now be
[generally admitted, that fanguU
nary punilhments do not anhver
the end propofed. Let us pro
fit then by the experience of
others, and adopt a fyftcm of
criminal jurifprudenre conib
nanc to the nature cf our fice
and happy government, and
more confiftcnt with the prin
ciples of humanity than the one
now in' force in this ftate.
The importation of negroes
into this flate, from our lifter
Hates, particularly thofe cf North
C arol i na, V i rgi nia and M ary land,
has incieafed to an alarming
extent. The induftrious and
faithful Have is fcldam to be
purchafed, more efpecially at a
low price j we are not therefore
to fuppofe that fuch are intro
duced here for fale, on the con
trary the fpcculacor finds it his
imereft to feck. tliem in jails and
other places cf confinement,
from whence on account cf theif
infamy of charader they arc
purchafed very low—fuch con
fequcntly are thofe generally to
be bought here. There doe a
exift a Taw prohibitory cf this
traffic, but it is in fact rendered
nugatory and of no avail—the
deicdhs ate lb well known that
I need not mention them. X
am decidedly cf opinion, that
the Legiftature will confute the
true inteteft, peace and fafety
of the ftate by palling a lav?
fufficlently coercive as to penal