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AmmiiOAMf UMOinifs
The most perfect Government would be that which, emanating directly from the People, Governs least—Costs least —Dispenses Justice to all, and confers Privileges on None. BENTHAM.
VOL. LI DR. WM. GREEN - EDITOR.
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POETRY.
THE MARTYR OF THE ARENA.
BY EPS. SARGENT,
(Honored be the hero evermore,
Who at mercies cull has nobly died !
Echoed he his name from shore to shore,
With immortal chronicles allied !
Verdant he the turf upon his dust,
Bright the slty above, and soft the air !
In the grove set up his marble bust,
And with garlands crown it, fresh and fair.
In melodious numbers, that shall live
With the music of the rolling spheres,
Let the minstrel's inspiration give
His eulogium to the future ycirs!
Not the victor in his country’s cause,
Not the chief who leaves a people free,
Not the framer of a nation's laws,
H Shall deserve a greater fume than he !
Hast thou heard, in Rome’s declining day,
How a youth, hy Christian zeal impelled,
Swept the sanguinary games away,
Which ths Coliseum once beheld 1*
Filled with gazing thousands were the teirs,
With the city’s chivalry and pride,
When two gladiators, with their sjiears,
Forward sprang from the arena's side.
[tang the dome with plaudits loud and long,
As, with shields advanced, the athlrtes stood:
Was there no one in that eager throng
To denounce the spectacle of blood 1
Aye! Telcmachus, with swelling frame,
: Saw th’ inhuman s[>ort renewed once more :
Few among the crowd c iuld tell his name, —
! For a Cross was all the badge he wore 1
Yet, with brow elate and godlike mien,
: Stepped he forth upon the circling sand ;
AnJ, while all were wond’ring at the scene,
< Checked th’ encounter with a daring hand.
9* Romans I” cried he “ Let this reeking sod
■ Never more with human blood he stained I
BLet no image of the living God
B In unhallowed combat be profaned !
Ah ! too long has this colossal domo
| Failed to sink and hide your brutal shows I
I Here 1 call upon assembled Rome
■ Now to swear, they shall for ever close! ”
; tarted thus, the combatants, with joy,
■ ’Mid the tumult, found the means to fly ;
In th’ arena stood the undaunted boy,
And, with looks adoring, gazed on high.
Pealed the shout of wrath on every side;
Ev'ry hand was eager to assail!
f Slay him! slay I” a hundred voices cried,
Wild with fury, hut he did not quail!
Sears he, as entranced he looks above,
Strains celestial, that the menace drown 1
Sees he angels, with their eye* of love,
Beck’ning to him, with a martyr's crown 1
Fiercer swelled the people's frantic shout I
Launched against him flew the stones like rain !
Death and terror circled him about,
But he stood and perished not in vain!
Hot in train the youthful martyr fell I
Then and there lie crushed a bloody creed!
<And his high example shall impel
8 Futurc heroes to as great a deed 1
gptuny answers yet remain for those
■ Who would question anil precede the lime !
8 n their season, may they meet their foes,
■ Like Telcmachus, with front sublime I
B 'See Ribbon’s Decline and Fall, U. 523, Harpers' Ed.
DEMOCRATIC BANNER FREE TRADE; ROW DUTIESj NO DEBT; SEPARATION PROM BANKS; ECONOMY; RETRENCHMENTi
AND A STRICT ADHERENCE TO THE C. RETRENCHMENT,
To the Peopie of the United States.
Asa lover of Fatherland, as a free-born citizen of
the. United States, and therefore as one deeply inter
ested in the future fortunes of my country, destined
from her vast extent, the multiplicity of her natural
resources, the soundness of her constitutional prin
ciples, and the spirit of enterprize which characterises
her inhabitants, to become the greatest power in the
world. 1 hail with feelings of unbounded pride and
joy, as an event calculated to promote the prosj ei itv
of this great Republic, the announcement of the Hon
orable LEVI WOODBURY’S intention to come
forward as a candidate at the next election for the
high and important office of Vice President for
the United States, subject to the decision of a Demo
cratic National Convention to he hereafter held. 1
re'oice at this, not from feelings of respect and admi
ration for the many noble qualities which adorn the
private character of the Hon. Mr. Woodbury, but
from a review of his public services, from a considera
tion of the many high and important offices he has
filled; offices requiring intellect of the highest order,
judgment to advise and determine on questions of
national importance, frequently arising in the inter
nal government of this young republic, and requiring
coolness and discrimination to exercise with necessary
caution and firmness that trust and power vested in
him in his various situations ny the unanimous votes
of his fellow-citizens; solely then from approbation
of the talent, wisdom and patriotism displayed by him
in each department of the many offices he held in the
Government, and duly appreciating the marked Dem
ocratic principles which have been the distinguishing
characteristics of his long and prosperous career, I
hail the probability of his acquisition (by the voice of
the States Union at the ensuing election) to the coun
cils of my country, in the capacity of Vice President,
as a sure indication of the progressive march of those
great principles which have the constitution, and
consequently the prosperity of States for their basis.
In considering the claims of Mr. Woodbury on the
people of the United Stales, I can with perfect safety
state, without descending to flattery, hut solely on the
broad principle of giving sterling merit its due, that
few countries can boast of a statesman rising through
a successive gradation of offices, each embracing du
ties of the highest importance to the state, continuing
for a number of years amid all the turm< il and agita
tion consequent upon a series of important events,
hut particularly upon the panic produced on the com
merce of the Union by the imprudent advances and
wild speculations created hy the United States Bank,
to preserve throughout this unexampled crisis in the
monetary system of the Republic the pure principles
of democracy uncontaminated hy the influences of
power or office, and undismayed by all the attacks
which the malignity and reh ntless fury of his polit
cal opponents tile Whigs could devise. If then, we
take a short review of Mr. Woodbury’s interesting
ami successful career we will find him commencing
life as a Lawyer, distinguish!: g himself in that pro
fession by a depth of learning, solidity of reasoning,
and powers of argument which soon raised him to
that position for which his professional ucquiiements
so well qualified him, viz. Judge of nis native state,
the State of New Hampshire. If the [lower which
is vested in a Judge in this country tie considaml in
counteracting and resisting the effects of laws, which
he may conceive are inconsistent with the spirit and
meaning of the Constitution, it must lie conceded, in
dependent of the strict exercise of his legal functions,
that such ail extrajudicial power can, with safety to
the Republic lie only entrusted in the keeping of a
man, not only eminent for profundity of learning, but
also lor comprehensiveness of mind and solidity of
judgment; that these high qualifications were exer
cised with wisdom and discrimination is proved hy
his having been subsequently elected to lie Governor
of the State, in which he presided as Judge.
We next find Mr. Woodbury engaged in the are
na of politics, we find him in the senate, exercising
his powerful talents in support of the pure principles
of democracy, which have been the darling objects
of his jiolitical existence. And here again we find
his services so highly valued, and the importance of
having him in office so appreciated, that he was soli
cited by President Jackson to become secretary to the
navy, an office which he filled until 1834, when he
was chosen Secretary of the Treasury.
In none of the many offices Mr. Woodbury held,
were his talents more severely tried, than when Sec
retary of the Treasury; whither we consider his abil
ities as a financier, tested hy the astounding fact of
his havihg met all demands on the Treasury during
the never-to-be-forgotten money panic which prece
ded and succeeded the downfall of the Uinted Stales
Bank, or the uncompromising fortitude, untiring in
dustry, anti infinite tact he displayed in holding this
important office through such a critical period, up un
til the election of General Harrison in 1840, when he
was solicited to become Chief Justice of his native
Slate—the State of New Hampshire, in a manner
so complimentary, as to remunerate him in some
slight measure for his services to his country, and
which must have been most gratifying to his feelings,
as giving the stamp of approval to his former public
life ; this last honor he declined. At this critical mo
ment, however, when questions of the greatest im
portance to the commercial interests of the Union
were about t*o be debated in Congress, particularly the
propriety of granting anew Charter to the Bank of
the United States, Mr. Woodbury was elected Sena
ator; and in the extra session of Congress, oppose I
the grant in a masterly speech, wherein he showed
its manifold evils, as exceeding the bounds, spirt, and
principles of the Constitution, itscorruptive influence
on the elective franchise and liberties of the country
its enormity as a political engine, used for party
purposes by the few, who, acting on its monied influ
ence, sought through this medium to buy up and sac
rifice the rights and interests of the many at the shrine
of this their golden Duly. He opposed the re-organ
ization of this mischievous political machine, as not
alone violating the sacred laiunds of the Constitution,
hut as wholly unfit to comply with even the powers
allowed hy the national Charter, viz: the regulation
of the exchanges of the country, and in exposing its
destructive effects on the character, trade, and com
merce of the Union, by its alternate contractions and
expansions; occasionally extending credit to feed the
most wild and daring speculations. And again
when means were required to sustain such enterpri
se*.*- enterprizes which have materially injured, in
the eyes of foreigners, the character, as they have the
prosperity, of the Stairs, at such moments, whin llu
offspring of its improvident < nation required its assis
tance and care, it allowed it to [icrisli hy denying re
lief; and thus has the country been made and declared
bankrupt
Again do v»c find the opponent of monopoly, in
MACON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 12, 1843.
supporting the doctrine of free trade on the question
of reducing the duties on lea and sugar. Here, he
showed himself the frarless assailant of monopoly, the
unbending opponent to the aggrandizement of the
few, at the expense and ruir.ofthemany; and in car
rying out the reduction of duties on those necessaries
of life, lie exposed the destructive effects of a high
tariff, hy reference to its workings in other countries,
in a speech of such varied knowledge and power, as
would do honor to the most eloquent advocate of free
trade, even in England, where its operations have
crippled trade, destroyed manufactures, lieggarcd the
artizan, anil reduced that country, heretofore supreme
in Europe, the acknowledged mistress of the seas, ex
tending her conquests, her influence anJ her com
merce to every country yet discovered, to such a slate
of commercial distress, as must force through the in
flucnce and crying wants of the people, either the re
peal of all laws which restrict the free exercise of
trade, the unfettered interchange of the commodities
of life, and the opening of all her ports to every pro
duct, or produce a revolution, which may prove a
useful lesson to future ages, of the dreadful effects of
monopoly,—monopoly against which the people of the
mother country have arisen as it were en massse , and
among whom are to lie found many eloquent advo
cates for free trade, particularly Dr. Bowring, M. P.,
for Bolton, who, in descanting on the subject, states,
that free trade is practical Christianity. It is the rep
resentation of that benign, that benevolent, that be
neficent spirit, which seeks every where to remove
evil, and every where to augment good. They speak
of the East, it has been my good fortune to wander
amidst the ruinsof those ancient sities 1 1 which 1 just
now referred. I have seen the pillars of Tyre in the
dust; 1 have seen the port, crow Jed formerly with
the ships of merchants, who were clothed in purple
and fine linen, who were princes and rulers of the
earth, and now iny friends not one column stands
erect. They are hidden in the waves and in the
sands—the glory of that country is departed, and
who has entered upon that inheritance? who, hut
the men of England! Now, when I contrast the
condition of these countries in those days, when 1
rememlier that at the [icrioil of the glory and pros
perity of Tyre and Sidon, this island (England) was
a mere waste, inhabited by a few scattered and na
ked people, while Phoenicia represented all that was
great and glorious; well may 1 enquire to what this
land owes its elevation, and that land owes its de
cline. It is our commerce which has made us great.
It is the lalior of industrious hands that has given us
power. We have created wealth out of that indus
try, and that wealth has created for us a political in
fluence which places us in the eye of universal man.
And now the world is asking what lessons we mean
to give? Too many lessons of folly have we seen
scattered abroad; and may it not lie asked, is not the
time come when we should give forth lessons of wis
dom; and this City (London,) which in thosedaya
was unknown to notice and to fame; this city, which
has become greater than the inhabitants of many na
tions — this city which is larger than many king
doms as respects the number of its inhabitants
which figures in the pages of history : now will not
this eity show itself worthy of its destiny; it will!
And meetings like this remove all anxiety, and offer
an eloquent response to those who have said that the
League was toiling vainly to little or no purpose, and
that they would get wrary of the good work; and
that mono|ioly might again lie down and sleep under
the shadow of that Upas tree which it has planted
on this land. Butmonoyoly must expect no such fu
turity. If the efforts that are now making, will not
prove sufficient to liberate trade and labor , and cajtital.
a great effort shall still be made —and still a greater.
Dec|er and dee|ier shall the mine be dug under the
temple of monopoly; more and more combustibles
shall be there deposited, until Parliament shall apply
the spark, which shall blow to atoms the whole fali
ric, and free intercourse shall exist beltceu the nations
of the earth, this country having the pride ami honor
of having led the way. If examples of the evils of
monopoly were required, we have them on every side.
History afforded instances of the mischievous effect*
of meddling with the tree interchange of good office*,
which eveiy man ought to enjoy. Take the fairest
jiortion* of the earth, look to Spain. You have heard
of its rivers, which |ioets have seid run over golden
lands. You have heard of its rich vallirs, its oils, its
wines, its flocks. You have heard of its military and
naval glories, whrn it* great men have gone forth
conquering and to conquer, discovering new worlds,
distinguished for the exhibition of the highest intel
lect, having its illustrious and dramatists and poets,
ant! fabulists, and now what has become of S|«in ?
She did conquer another world, she did plant her
banners from the North to the South of the American
Continents; hut Spain has adojtted the prohibitory
and protective system, and she is nme delivered over to
ignorance and desolation. Her traders are smugglers,
her merchants h ive become contrabandists. Look
at another country, and one to which nature has de
nied all the advantages which she gave to Spain.
Look to Holland, your neighbor. There is a country
placed beneath the level of the sea. It is one great
plain where nothing hut high intelligence, nothing
ln:t the most laborious industry, nothing but the most
denoted patriotism could have preserved it from being
overflowed by atlantic’s waters. But Holland dis
covered the secret of a nation’s greatness. Free trade
in Holland soon subdued, soon subjugated, soon fettered
Spain.
The Du!ch held deminate sway over the Spaniards;
and while they were faithful to their principles, while
they held this opinion, and gave practical effects to
them, which their great men, such as Grotius and
ethers, recorded as the true basis of a nation’s great
ness, this little Holland became so influential as to
be reckoned among the mightiest communities of the
world. Such have been the effects of monopoly, such
the effects of free trade, against the former of which,
Mr. Woodbury has been, and still is the uncoinpro
sing opponent; his sentiments in reference to the ne
cessity of its adopting free trade in England, are, that
she has note arrited at an era in her history, when the
great principle qf free trade must be declared by her,
or she would fall a sacrifice to monopoly, and that mo
nopoly would be pointed out as the rode on which En
glish glory had struck for ever. In opposing monop
oly, Mr. Woodbury was not a mere the. rist, he gave
l>r< ofs proofs seven ly felt by the monopolizing few,
the wl.igs both in and out of Congress, of bis deter
mination to prevent thia bane to commercial prosper
ity, Iron gaining ground in the Union, and here he
traced the evil to it* source hy op[>osing the loan of
12,000,000 dollars, which the whig* strenuously
sought to saddle as a national debt on the country;
lie pointed out ti.- evils entailed hy the national delit
England;showed why that country was forced as a
means of [laying the interests on that debt, indepen
dent of sustaining the current expenses of the coun
try to impose high tariffs and restrictions which were
proving fatal to her commerce, opposed it also on the
grounds of its unconstitutionality, and although un
successful, his talented op|iosition gained for him fresh
laurels from the Democratic party of the Union. He
also opposed the distribution of the proceeds of the
public lands, on the grounds of State expediency,
contending that they should go into the Treasury,
and form a fund to meet the current expenses of the
country, instead of being distributed through the
States, which would subject you, the |ieoplc of the
Union, to taxes upon the nrcrssaries of life, todefray
the public expenditure, which should be met with the
most natural at and legitimate means, viz: the proceeds
of the public lands.
The deposit and investment of the public monies
under the Sub-Treasury Laws received his most
strenuous support, as the only safe and constitutional
mode of securing the revenues of the United States,
instead of placing them in a national bank to be spec
ulated and traded upon by that establishment in the
issues of pa|icr money to treble the amount of sjiccie
lodged, thus subjecting the public monies to all the
hazard of bank speculation. In the course thus ta
ken hy Mr. Woodbury of exposing to public view
the sinister designs of the Whigs, and their bold at
tempts to control through the public purse,the Dem
ocratic party of the Union, he drew upon himself all
the ire and fury of these miserable munopolists, who,
irritated at his frequent attacks and exposure of their
selfish and demoralizing |>oliey, sought liy an attempt,
unparallcllcd lor audacity, to crush Mr. Woodbury
and his party, when they charged him, through the
|ierson of their Secretary, the Hon. Mr. Ewing, of
embezzling the public moneys! Little, however, did
they imagine, in making tins daring accusation, that
they thereby furnished Mr. W. with an opiiortunity,
not alone of vindicating hiuiself and the Democratic
party, but also of showing the artifices and misrepre
sentations to which the Whigs had recourse in order
to sustain their base and illiberal policy; this he
proved by referring to the official statistics of the fi
nance as sent in hy Mr. Ewing, which he showed
werp false and erroneous, and in a spirit of indigna
tion rrfuted the attempts made on his political char
acter, hy calling the attention of the Senate to his ad
ministration when in the Treasury department, and
by the fact of his having sustained, through a host of
difficulties, the credit of this important branch of the
public service, by having all demands promptly paid ;
and by contrasting some of the leading acts of his
public life, with the weak,designing and pclfish course
adopted by the Whigs, placed the latter in a truly
contemptible light. But indeed, to follow the Hon.
Air. Woodbury through the entire of his public ca
reer, would far exceed the limits of a letter, and would
perhaps be considered superfluous hy you, the people
of the Union, to whom he has proved himself the
faithful public servant; before whom he stahds the
tried and valued friend, not alone in his official capa
city, but in every way in which he could serve his
fellow-citizens; even in an intellectual and moral
point of view, as evidenced hy his able lectures on
Education, delivered in different sections of the Union;
as also hy his advocacy of the sacred cause of total
abstinence, a cause which has rescued millions from
perdition, raised them in a scale of society, opened
to them brilliant pros|ictU for the future, and which
has shed its benign elici ts, comfort and happi
ness, over even the humblest log cabin of the [ioor.
Permit me, then, after this hasty sketch of the public
life of the Hon. Levi Woodbury to recommend him
to you, the inhabitants of the United States, as the
champion of Democracy, as the man who sustained
“unawed hy power," the principles which constitute
the basis of Democracy, throughout the entire of his
public life; 1 recommend him to you as the fearless
and powerful assailant of the monopolizing few, the
Whigs; as the uncompromising advocate of free trade,
and, in a word, 1 would say to those who wish to ad
here to the letter and spirit of the Constitution, who
wish (or no hank, no assumption of the state debt,
no distribution, but who wish for an economical ad
ministration, to return the Hon. LEVI WOOD
BURY at the coming election as Vice President of
the United States.
A Voice from Viroinia.
June Cth, 1843.
The Patriots of the Revolution.
We copy from the Courier of Monday
morning, a list of the tiames of the ven
erable men who attended the celebration
of the completion of the Bunker Hill
Monument, and their respective ages :
j Peter Mclntosh, 85
I William Wiggin, 79
(Jacob Elliott, 91
John Palmer, 78
I Daniel Usher, 77
Hugh Moore, 79
John Clement, 81
N. Shaw, 79
Josiah Fletcher, 84
Nathan Fish, 89
Benjamin Robbins, 77
John Scott, 79
Jonathan Bourne, 76
John H. Seawards* 84
Seth Thomas,
Elisha Sedtt, 85
Samuel Woodruff*, 83
Nathaniel B Leonard, 82
!Samuel Morgan, 79
I Joseph Jenkins, 82
Obadiah Albee, 79
Sylvester Dana,
j John Taylor,
| Joseph Jewett,
Nathaniel Sherman,
Joseph Smith. 99
Nicholas Yanrenseller, 88
Mathew Gregory, 85
Nchemiah Porter, 85
Azanah Fuller, 89
Joseph Young, 81
Joseph Sylvester,
3 iver Juhonooty 83
tViliiam Bliss, 84
Joshua Reed,
Nehemiah Ho'den,
Thomas Robbins,
.Villiam Makepeace, 80
Leri Morse,
Marke Greene, 81
George Fish ley* 83
Samuel Young, 87
Joseph Eveleth, 87
Braiibyll LiveimorS, 79
Sbenezer Tappan,
iteiib* n Leighton, 81
B Kreming on, 84
Nathaniel Berry, 87
>.*niel Ro«s, 86
to-eph Kilpatrick, 80
Vhrain Rose, 84
Alexander Black, 82
Total, 107
Phineas Johnson, aged 97
(the oldest patriot present) |
Johnathan Hairingioo, 95
Alpheus Brigelow, 85]
Levi Harnog.on, 63
Robert Andrews, 911
Elijah Dresser, 93
Josiah Cleaveland, B*. |
Jessee Smith, 86
Philip Bagley, 88
Needham Maynard, 88
► oger Plaistedj 87
Enos Reynolds, 87
Joseph Stephens, 8b
Nehemiah Porter, 85
James Hovey,
Josiah Ilobbs, 81
Josiah King, 81
William M«»rse, 81
Jared Wilson,
Jacob Merrill, 841
John Howard, 88
Abram Wheelright, 8b
Thomas Farisiebelj 82
Josiah Haskell, 84
Ahijah Dresser, 88
Edmund Nason, 87
John McClintoek, 82
J unes efmall, 8l»
Thomas Trask, 83
John T. Dodge, 80
B.imuel Smith, 84
Elisha D. W’illiams,
> amuel Downing, 7G
William Emerson, 8*
Abijah Harringiorf, 82
John Ely, 86
Rufus Kingsley, 81
6* m ue I Lord, 84
Adams Wheelock, 8b
H. Bicknell, 81
Ephraim Hunt, 80
John Shoels, 84
Eben Choate,
Daniel Holden,
Josiah Gorham, 83
Chandler Rosseil, 71
Stmeoii Draper,
Ebenezer Siorer,
Josiah Ilervey, 7>
Benjamin Sulliraitf 8i
John Cheney, 8
Luther Carey, 6
Levi Robinson, B*.
Thomas Si an wood, 8i
The first four of these gentlemen were
combatants at Lexington and Concord ;
Mr. Johnson also at Bunker Hill, and the
next eleven likewise belonged to the
troops who so gallantly held the slight
and temporary redoubt against the regn
-Itr forces of Britain. The others took
pnrt in someone or more engagements
during the Revolution. Captain Josiah
Cleaveland, above mentioned, was not
only at Bunker Hill, but in the battle of
Harlem Heights, White Plains, Trenton,
Princeton, Monmouth, and Yorktown,
at the capture of Cornwallis. He enter
ed as a volunteer under (*ol. Putnam,
and was afterwards in Sullivan’s Brigade.
He was born in Canterbury, Ct., Dec. 3.
1753, and now resides in Tioga county'
New York. He has performed a journey
of over four hundred miles to attend the
celebration.
From the Boston Atlas.
Capt. Josiah Cleaveland.
Mr. Editor. Among the numer
ous visitors which the celebration of this
dity has attracted to our city, I desire par
ticularly to mention Capt. Josiah Cleave
land, a Bunker Hill veteran, who at the
advanced age of eighty-nine has perform
ed a journey of more than four hundred
and fifty miles, in two and a half days,
to be present on this interesting occasion.
Capt. Cleaveland is nn intelligent and
vigorous old man, and can probably give
a clearer account of the Battle of Bunker
Hill than any other man. I was exceed
ingly interested in his detail of the oper
ations on that eventful day, and was
struck with the honest indignation that
mantled his cheek at the mention of the
attempts which have been made to strip
from the brow of his heroic old com
mander, Putnam, his well earned laurels.
Besides the brittle of Bunker Hill, Capt.
Cleaveland fought at Harlem Heights,
White Plains, Trenton, Princeton, Mon
mouth, and Yorktown. He entered the
army as a volunteer under Putnam, and
was afterwards attached to Sullivan’s
Brigade, and was in active service during
the war. He is a native of Canterbury,
Conn., and now resides in Oswego, Tio
ga County, N. Y. I understand that he
will remain in the city a day or two, and
surely two much attention cannot well
be paid to the gallant old soldier.
BOSTON.
June 17, 1843.
A Vrgiiinui in Faneuil Hall.
In our general account of the dinner
at Faneuil Hall after the Bunker Hill
celebration on Saturday, a brief reference
was made to the speech of Mr. Upshur.
A letter in the Herald thus reports it i
Mr. Bancroft, the second Vice Presi
dent, after a few prefatory remarks, high
ly complimentary to Virginia, gave
“ Virginia and Alassachusctts.
Their names arc blended in the annals
of their country’s glory ; their sons will
cherish ever the freedom and the Uniorl
established by their sires.” (Six cheers.)
Mr. Upshur rose and said As sever
al sons of Virginia are assembled to par
take of your kind hospitalities, it becomes
someone of them to respond to the hon
or you have so eloquently paid them. I
deeply feel any compliment done to me
or my venerated State, by the people of
Massachusetts in Faneuil Hal!. In the
great struggle of our liberties, these two
States entered the contest simultaneously.
It is a part of a Massachusetts man’s
education to know all these things in de
tail ; the school boys with their satchels
can tell you all that was done at Lexing
ton, and Bunker Hill, and Yorktown ;
they know that these were the com
mencement of a great work that was to
redeem a world. (Cheers.) And al
though it was the lot of Virginia to give
to Massachusetts —to the Unbed States
—no, the idea is too restricting—to the
whole world; for there never was but
one Washington, and there never will be
another— (Tremendous cheers,) yet
there is enough of his glory and renown
to give to all, and all to have enough.
(Cheers.)
Who is there that looking back on the
history of our country can separate Mas
sachusetts from Virginia ? Who is there
that can separate the whole souled Vir
ginian from the sons of this noble Com
monwealth ? (Cheers.) I wish that the
embodied spirit of Virginia were here.
Aye, she would say to this noble State,
“ Hail to thee, hail, hail to thee, my sis
ter !” (Here there were six tremendous
cheers.) I feel lam trespassing upon
the privilege you have given me. (Cries
of “ No, no, go on, go on.”) Let me.
then, express a sentiment which I haa
occasion to name to one of my brother
Virginians, a short time since i have ob
served all that passed under my eye to
day. And I have seen much, aye, much
that proves the wealth and taste of this
people—much that shows rapid advance
ment in the arts and sciences, and in the
civilization of the age. But there was a
moral beauty in the scene which sur
passed all this. For wlterever 1 went,
although there were crowds upon crowds
in all your streets, yet all was order and
harmony; there was every where an
open path for the carriages, every coun
tenance seemed gladsome—no strife—no
disorder —no confusion the whole of
this immense crowd, was managed by a
wave of the hand, and a little two loot
W. A. AC. THOMPSON-PUBLISHERS. JNO. 9.
staff. (Cheers and Laughter.) All
evinced iheir love of order. I thought
every policeman I saw was a kind of
magician, controlling all by his nod.
(Loud cheers.) In my own State we
have large crowds assembled frequently;
I will not say that there so large a crowd
might not have been so easily managed
as here—but I dare hardly hope that it
could. (Loud cheers.) 1 have never yet
seen a scene that was fraught with such
moral beauty. (Immense cheers.) Where
all were so submissive to their love of or
der. What is it that makes that little
staff more powerful than the bristling
bayonets of monarchial governments ?
I know that much of this conduct and
right feeling you owe to your admirable
New England system of public school
instruction. (Cheers.) 'To this you may
owe much ; but above all other things,
you owe this love of all that elevates and
purifies us, to the hallowed teaching of
the mother’s knee [here Mr. Upshur
was deeply affected, and the cheering
was immense] —where those sacred les
sons were first taught, the fruits of which
we have seen so beautifully exemplified
to-day—[Cheers]—and which have plac
ed Massachusetts where she is, sitting so
high on the scale of liberal and civilized
governments. [Loud cheering.] And if
Virginia were here to-day, she too, would
have something to say in this matter.
She would say, come here, ye govern
ments of the old world, that have grown
grey in false systems, come here to Mas
sachusetts, and learn to be great and hap
py and wisei (Tremendous cheering.)
And, now, as a just tribute to you, and
grateful for the kind manner in which
you have noticed my beloved State, let
me give you
“ Massachusetts Foremost in the
conflicts by which our liberties were won,
and foremost to show us what our liber
ties are worth.”
Tremendous cheering followed, and
Mr. Upshur sat down completely over
powered by his feelings.
The .Mobile Conflagration.
A correspondent of the Mobile Regis
ter, gives publicity to the following start
ling statement. It may lead to import
ant revelations:
A negro recently escaped from New
Orleans, made his appearance in the vil
lange of Alexander, in Genesee county,
N. Y. He was introduced by a deacon
of the church to the principal inhabitants
of the village, and at their request, on a
Sunday evening in April last, in the vil
lage church, “told his experience” of
slavery in Montgomery, Mobile Und New
Orleans, The following startling state
ments made a part of his story.
He was in Mobile during the summef
of 1839, that summer so destructive
through disease and conflagration. He
with many others, about 100 in number,
held secret meetings out of the city, to
consult upon the best method of effecting
their freedom. They ascertained that
there was a much larger number in the
city feady and willing to assist them.
Their plan was, at a time fixed upon,
to visit the dwellings of the whites, and
compel them to leave the city, and to
murder wherever any resistance was
shown.
This scheme was to be carried into
effect at midnight. Before, however, the
meditated period arrived, they were in
formed by some abolitionists residing in
the city, that if they succeeJed in this at
tempt, they would afterwards be taken
by the authorities of other places. The
scheme, upon this representation, was
consequently abandoned. They then
determined to burn the city. The con
flagration was to be a general one, and
the time set was 12 o’clock at night, but
some within the city commenced the
work at 8 o'clock in the evening, and
thus frustrated the intended purposes of
the greater number.
lie represented himself as one of the
leaders among them. This fellow gave
his name at the meeting, named his wife
and children here, where they resided,
whom he had worked with, the name of
his master, the time when he left here,
and when he left New Orleans. It is
well authenticated that this strange story
was told in the manner described, and
this history of himself has been ascer
tained by the writer to be strictly true.
It is well known that the great fire
commenced between 7 and 8 o’clock.
That while the Mansion House was burn
ing, the building of Mr. Emanuel, the
Alabama Hotel, a shed near the fish-mar
ket, and toward evening a house high
up in Dauphin street were fired, and at
half past 6 o’clock that evening, a car
penter’s shop on Church street, near the
American Theatre, was set on fire, and
the flames destroyed every building upon
that square. Our citizens were disturbed
with the cries of fire from every quarter
during that day. That incendiaries were
at work was never doubted, but who
they were has never been fully ascer
tained.
The quantiiy of sugar consumed in
the United States is estimated at three
hundred millions of pounds. The ave
rage crop of Louisana is one hundred
millions.