Newspaper Page Text
From the New York Herald.
Offer to Assassinate O’C'onne'l.
The Great Western arrived this morn
ntr at a quarter past three o’clock, bring
ng dates trom Liverpool of the 17th in>st.,
and from lxjndon to the evening of the
10th. She was boarded hv I’iiot boat
J. E. Davidson, ISO miles S. E. Sandy
Hook yesterday morning at 10 o'clock.
The Caledonia. Capt. Lott, arrived at
Liverpool on Tuesday from Hallifax.
She sailed from that place on the 3d, .and
from Boston on the Ist. She brought
sixty-four passengers, and made the run
from Hallifax in ten days.
It is rumored that the Westmoreland
and Cumberland Yeomanry Cavalry
have received orders to hold themselves
in readiness to be called out on actual
duty at a moment’s warning.
A meeting, announced by* the high
sheriff of Kent, was held on Friday
week, on Penenden Heath, to petition
Parliament against the Canada Corn Bill
and for fu.l and effectual protection to
agriculture, and every branch of indus
try.
Several cargoes of wheat,
of inferior quality have been taken out of
bond, and shipped to the Baltic and to
Denmark. The price of some was as
low as 20s. per qr.
From recent official documents it ap
pears, that there were in January, 1830,
in the English army—of Englishmen ;
41,329; of Scotchman, 13,800; of Irish
men, 42,894; and in January, 1840, there
were in the same force —of Englishmen,
51,559 ; of Scotchmen, 15,232; ot Irish
men, 41,218.
The Weekly of to-day will contain a
full report of the foreign news.
Ireland.
The agitation of the repeal of the Un
ion continues with unabated violence.
At the Dublin Corn Exchange on the
sth, the repeal rent amounted to £904,
the largest yet received, except that of the
p revious week, which included some ex
traordinary returns made at Mr. O’Con
nell’s great meeting in Tipperary. Troops
have been poured into the country in
great numbers. At the close of the last
week the force in Ireland amounted to
six divisions of artillery ; six regiments
and a squadron of cavalry ; twelve battal
lions and twenty-two depots of infantry.
Rear-Admiral Bowles arrived at King
ston on Friday, in a steamer. The ad
miral originally formed the coast guard
of Ireland. On the same day arrived the
Rhodanianlhus, with a company of Roy
al Marine Artillery, and stores; the men
were stationed in the Pigeon-house fort.
The last squadron of the Third Dra
oons arrived on Saturday. The Queen’s
Bays have also arrived, the last division
on Tuesday. The Cyclops war steamer
with 400 marines, and an immense quan
tity of ammunition, arrived at Cove on
Saturday. Subsequently arrived the Me
teor, Alban, and Myrtle, with more ma
rines and military stores; and the Mala
bar 72. A large quantity of ammunition
was received at Carlow on Tuesday
evening, under escort, from Ordi
nance jDffice.
A report reached Dublin on Saturday
the 4th that there was “an insurrection”
in Waterford, and the Rhadamanthus
was hastily despatched with troops. A
correspondent of the Dublin Evening
Post, writing on Sunday, descriltes the
arrival, while the usual Sunday loungers
were promenading on the quay :
“We had a grand scene here yesterday.
Five companies of the Sixty-first arrived
in a steamer at the quay, about half past
12. The men were all drawn up with
loaded arms and bayoneLsJlixed, on the
dock. The vessel cautiously approached
the quay, and a serjeant was then sent on
shore to rcconoitre. His first inquiry of
the few stragglers who went to look at
them was “ls the barracks took yeti,”
and being told not, he asked, “how far off
are the rebels 7” It appears that some
people have hoaxed Earl de Gray.”
The Rhadamanthus returned to Dub
lin at five o’clock on Wednesday morn
ing. ‘
It appears that some wag hoaxed the
government into a belief of the non-ex
istent “insurrection.” The subject has
been referred to in the House of Com
mons, when Lord Eliot threw the blame
on the commander in {lreland ; but the
Lord Lieutenant, it is understood, was
the party duped.
The “Cork Examiner” has a story
about “Repeal irr the Army;” the catas
trophe of which is, that some drunken
soldiers at Cork, when arrested by some'
sober soldiers and police, called out, ‘hur
rah for repeal !” some hundreds [of by
standers being “greatly excited.”
The dismissal of magistrates for coun
tenancing repeal agitation continues. The
following are mentioned as having been
superseded:—Mr.de Verden, Mr. Ca
leb Powell, M. P., Mr. Joseph Myles Mc-
Dounell. The voluntary resignations
are more numerous:—Mr. John Hya
cinth Talbof, Mr. James Sinclair, Mr.
Patrick Curtis, Mr. Maurice Power, Mr.
Kean Mahoney, Mr. Patrick Teuan, Mr.
James Mathews, Mr. Thomas Ennis,Mr.
G. Delaney, Mr. F. Coymn, Mr. W. F.
Finn, Mr. John Mackler, of Trim; Mr.
Francis Coymn, of Galway.
The Repeal demonstration at Kilken
ny, on the Bth, is described as having
been great. There were, it is said, up
wards cf 300,000 people present, inclu
ding from 11 to 12,000 horsemen. Mr.
O’Connell in addressing this vast multi
tude said : “Is there a band within hear
ing 7 If there be, let them play tip “God
save the Queen.” [More than a dozen
bands here played up the national an
them, the entire vast multitude remain
ing uncovered".. At the termination of
the air three hearty find deafen in? cheers
were given for the Queen.] I will now
give you another subject to cheer—three
cheers for the Queen’s army—the bravest
army in the world. [Tremendous cheers]
Three cheers for the Irish people —the
most moral, the most brave, the most
temperate, and the most religions people
on the face of the earth. (Great and long
continued cheering.)
At the Com Exchange meeting on the
6th, Mr. CXConnell ridiculed tlve buslie
among the officials and the military, the
much-talked -of rebellion was invisible,
but the soldiers would be employed in
aiding to collect the poor-rates next win
ter “in distiaining blankets and pots
with that view.” He had just heard of
a gentleman who had brought his family
from Wexford to Dublin, to be safer in
consequence ot the rebellion that was to
breakout that morning. After referring
to 1.0.d John Russell’s denial that he haJ
l>een offered the post of Chief Baron, a
fact which he (Mr. O’Connell) asserted
three times in the House of Commons, in
the presence of ministers, which they
never denied, he described the denial as
“some little piece of trickery on the part
of the whigs which he did not understand.
Mr. O’Connell then proposed an address
to the people of Ireland. The novelty
in it was some reply to two principal ob
jections against Repeal. One objection
was, that there would be a Cathoiic as
cendancy ; the answer was, that there
was no danger of it; that in reducing the
Protestant Establishment, regard would
lie laid to vested interests and the rights
of incumbents ; that the funds would not
lie devoted to any other establishment;
and that the Catholics would have no
object in desiring an ascendancy. The
other objection was the fear of the land
lords at the contemplated “fixly of ten
ure” for tenants ; the reply was much ar
gument in favor of the alteration of the
law, ns tended to the prosperity and peace
of Ireland. The address was adopted.
The rent received on that day was £3lO.
The Dublin Gazette of the sth con
tains a proclamation, stating that on the
night of the 2diust., at about 10 o’clock,
Mr. John Burke, J. P., of Tintrim, in the
county of Galway, East Riding, as lie
was passing through his hall, was fired
at by some person at present unknown.
The Lord Lieutenant Inis offered £IOO
reward for apprehending and bringing
the assassin to justice.
There was an affray between the po
lice and peasantry at Carrickmacross, on
the sth. As Mr. Wilcox and a Mr. Ber
ry, accompanied by twenty-eight pol.ee
men attempted to post ejectment notices
at the chapels of Maheraciorte and Cor
duff, against tenants of Mr. Shirley ; the
people obstructed them; Mr. Wilcox
read the Riot Act; the people did not dis
perse at once ;he gave orders to fire ; sev
eral persons were wounded, and one man
was killed on the spot.
A letter from Dublin, dated June 11th,
gives the following details of Mr. O’Con
nell’s movements for some time to come.
After addressing his hundreds of thou
sands at Kilkenny on Thursday, he pro
ceeded to Cork yesterday, and will arrive
at Mallow this day, where another da
monstration of physical lbrce will come
off. The usual precautions have been
taken by the authorities to prevent a
breach of the peace, and accordingly a
troop of the 10th Hussars, from Balinco
iig, and two companies of the 56th Regi
ment, under the command of Major
Leighton, have been ordered to the place
of meeting. From Mallow he goes to
Skibbereen, in oliedience to a requisition
forwarded to him from that locality,
signed by about 70 persons, and ot these
70 no fewer than 38 are the names of
Roman Catholic priests. The great
county of Cork being then left in a state
of wholesome excitement, in its whole
breadth from east to west, the county of
Clare will be the next scene in the pro
gramme, whence he will pass on to Con
naught, visiting Athlonc, Galway, proba
bly Tuam, and then return to head quar
ters in Dublin.
After assuring his hearers that noth
ing could prevent the repeal being carried
if the people were peaceable, he said I
suppose you have heard of the Duke of
Wellington and Sir Robert Peel having
come down to parliament one fine even
ing, and declared that they would prevent
the Repeal of the Union even at the ex
pense of a civil war. We will not go to
war with them, but let them not dare to
go to war with us. Tremendous cheer
ing, which continued for some minutes.
We will act on the defensive, and believe
me, men of Kilkenny, there is no power
in Europe, that would dare attack you
and the people of Ireland, when they
keep themselves in the right and act on
the defensive only. Hear, hear. They
threatened us with this civil warfare, blit
we only langhcd at them, and you are
at liberty to laugh at them again. Cheers
and laughter. I hurled back my indig
nant defiance to them from the Repeal
Association, and told them what I now
tell you, that we never would violate the
law, or commit any violence, but that wc
have hands enough to defend our own
heads, if they dared to attack ns. Great
cheers. What was the consequence 7
The great Duke of Wellington and the
crafty Sir R. Peel pulled in their horns a
little, and they said they did not mean
to attack ns. Langhtcr. But they have
sent over 33,000 shillings every day
while they remain in the country.
ft would be a kind of little repeal of the
Union in itself.
At tire banquet in the evening he said,
alluding to the great assemblage he had
seen in the morning. What a waste of
physical force have we not witnessed to
day. We stand at the head of a body of
men that, if organized by military discip
line,would be quite abuudant for the con
quest of Europe. W ellington had never
such an army as we saw to-day. There
was not at W aterloo on both sides so
many sfoirt, active, energetic men as we
saw here to-day. Oh ! lint it will be said
they were not "disciplined ! If you tell
them what to do yon will have them all
disciplined in an hour. Great and con
tinued cheering. Do you not think they
t were as well able to walk in order ; ft r a
j baud as if they woie led coats, and that
they would be as ready to obey their re
peal wardens as if they were serjeants
and captains?
The ususal weekly meeting of the Re
peal Association took place on Monday,
the 12th, at the Corn Exchange, Dublin.
A Presbyterian clergyman,named La wry,
from the north of Ireland, filled the chair,
and in the absence of Mr. O’Connell, ap
pears to have played the first fiddle. The
amount of the rent for the week was an
nounced to lie £1,71< lls. 10 3-4d. The
enthusiasm was beyond all description,
the immense mob outside the building
joining in the cheers from the inside.
An Anti-Repeal meeting took place in
Belfast on Friday' week. The meeting
was an assemblage of the Orange and Ul
tra-Tory party in the town;, and the
speeches accordingly were of the usual
violent “no Popery” character.
Notwithstanding the excitement which
prevails about the Repeal the
country' is in a very quiet state. The
Manchester Guardian of Wednesday
says—“ W'e conversed, last evening, with
a gentleman who had been travelling
through the so-called ‘disturbed districts,’
during the last three months: and he as
sures us, that though he has pursued his .
way alone, at all hours, on highroads and
byeroads, though he has I een at fairs and
markets, in aim >st every part of Ireland, j
he has never seen more quietness, or ex
perienced more of the kiuduess of the .
Irish people, than in the course of that |
period. The fairs and markets are now, |
he says, very rarely marked by any ex- j
cess or intemperance; and when he i
reached Dublin he expressed his surprise
at finding a series of fortifying prepara
tions going on at the Castle, the sentinels
at the banks of Ireland doubled, which
was done on Friday last, when Ireland :
so far ns he had seen, was as tranquil as
he had ever known it. He ventured to
ask the meaning of all this, and especially
what called it forth ; and he was inform- ■
ed, with a mysterious look, that it was j
not so much the result of the internal state
of Ireland, as the consequence of some
secret intelligence from France! And in
this way the officers of the Castle endea
vor to suggest .a reason for the “dreadful
note of preparation’ now heard from one
end of the country to the otiier.
Offer to t.orernmeiit »o Assassinate Mr*
O’Connell.
Several obscure reports were current
on Friday week, that a person had made
an offer to government to assassinate Mr.
O’Connell. Government obtained a war
rant for the apprehension of this person, at
Bow-street on W ednesday week ; he was
arrested at Gloucester on Thursday, and
on Saturday he was examined at the
Home Office before Mr. Hall, the magis
trate ; Sir James Graham and Mr. Man
ners Sutton being present. Sir J. Gra
ham received at his private residence in
Hill street, Berkeley Square, a letter bear
ing the Gloucester post office stamp, da
ted “Gloucester, sth June,” and signed
‘Samuel Mayer.’ The letter was couched
in very rambling language, relating
chiefly to Irish politics, and it contained
the following sentence—‘l-will undertake
as I may be advised, to run the risk of
my life against O’Connell’s.’ Mr. Mayer
explained, that he wrote the letter on Sat
urday evening, after dinner, under the
influence of wine and of a conversation
with some friends on Irish politics. He
had no intention of sending the letter; but
he put it into his pocket, in which hap
pened to be a letter to his mother; and
by mistake he next posted the wrong let
ter. On discovering his blunder, he in
tended to write an explanatory letter;
hut his friends npviscd him not, as Sir J.
Graham would obviously regard the let
letter as a mere effusion under the excite
ment of wine. He expressed his extreme
regret at his folly, and produced testimo
nials of excellent character from the high
Sheriff of Gloucester, and other very res
pectable persons. After a few remarks
from Mr. Hall, the prisoner was ordered
to enter into his own recognizances in the
sum of £2OO, and find sureties in £IOO
each, for his appearance at the July Ses
sions of the Criminal Court, to answer
any indictment which might be prefer
red against him. . Two gentlemen who
accompanied him from Gloucester, im
mediately entered into the required sure
ties, and he was forthwith released.
Pub’ic .tleetins in Oglethorpe County-, Ga.
At a meeting of the State Rights Party
of Oglethorpe county, opposed to a Pro
i tective Tariff and to the election of the
j Hon. Henry Clay to the Presidency, held
at the Court House, in Lexington, oti Sat
urday, the first July, iust., on motion of
Dr. James S. Simms, Lewis J. Dupree,
Esq. was appointed Chairman, and John
Crawford Esq. Secretary.
Dr. James S. Simms moved that a com
mittee of five be appointed by the Chair
man to draft resolutions expressive bf the
: opinions of this meeting—whereupon tire
I following gentlemen were appointed, vi£:
j Dr. James S. Simms, Capt. Henry P. Hill,
i I)r. Robert B. James, Alexander A. Allen,
| Esq. and Capt. Thos. R. Andrews, who,
having retired for a short time, returned
with the following resolutions, viz:
1. Resolved, That die construction of
the constitution by Mr. Clay and the par
ty to which he belongs, takes from the
people the security for their liberties, in
i tended to be provided by our forefathers
| in the formation of the government, and
is especially dangerous to slaveholders,
who have no other security' for the peace
ful enjoyment of their property against
the legislation of a prejudiced majority.
2. Resolved , That the assumption of
the debts of the Slates, by' the general
government—the establishment of a Uni
ted States Bank, and other measures
of a kindred character, advocated by' the
Whigs, would tend to give to the gen
eral government an increased power, of
controlling the independent action of the
St: t3«, and the popular will, and to lessen
the responsibilily of ihe President and
i the members of Congress to their consti
tuents, and thereby take from the people
and the States their control over the ope
rations of the government, indispensable
to its faithful administration.
3. Resolved, That the protective tariff
system imposed upon u» by the efforts of
Mr. Clay, forces one-third of the popula
tion to pay two-thirds of the revenue, and
at the same time diminish the price of
their prodnetions in foreign markets,
where they must be sold--and enhances
the price of what they must buy at home,
for the purpose of increasing the profits
of the labor of ihe two-thirds, who pay
but one-third of the revenue—that the
system is unjust and partial in its opera
ion, oppressive in its effect r.nd against
the spirit and letter of the constitution—
that it lessens general wealth, tends to
produce civil discoid, and takes from the
country the best security for continued
peace, by obstructing the extension of a
mutually beneficial commerce with for
eign nations.
4. Resolved , That the distribution of
the proceeds of the sales of the public
lands among the States, appropriations
for roads and canals within the States,
unauthorized appropriations for pensions,
increased appropriations for the necessary
objects of government; and a large pub
lic debt, favorite measures of public poli
cy with Mr. Clay and his friends, are but
parts of the protective system, as large
expenditures secure high duties.
5. Resolved , That the passoge of the
late Bankrupt law, by Mr. Clay and his
friends was an usurpation of power, to
do, what no gov ernment has a right to do,
or would do, if fit to govern an enlight
ened and honest people.
6. Resolved, That Mr. Clav’s violent
opposition to the measures of Gen. Jack
son’s administration, for the removal of
the Indians from the State of Georgia,
his abuse of Georgia for her action on
that subject, forbids Georgia to support
him for the Presidency.
7. Resolved, That Mr. Clay’s denun
ciation in Congress of slavery, as it exists
with us, “ as the darkest spot upon its (the
! country) mantle,” adds to the evidence,
drawn from his American system, that he
seeks to he made President, by sacrificing
our interests to Northern manufacturers,
and our character to gratify their preju
dices.
8. Resolved, That Mr. Clay’s acknowl
edged talents, eloquence, firmness of pur
pose, and controlling influence over his
friends, increase, Irom his election, the
danger to those whose interest would be
injuriously affected by principles and
measures.
9. Resolved therefore, That having
neither changed nor modified our politi
cal principles, believing them to be true,
and intending to adhere to them, we shall
do now as we always have done, when
Mr. Clay has heretofore been a candidate
for thp Presidency, oppose his election.
10. Resolved, That the people have
no interest in promoting any party organ
ization, unless it be for the purpose of
carrying out measures for the pio'ection
of their rights and interests, and that it is
to be lamented that precedent and expe
diency, instead of the constitution, has
become the rule of conduct in the legis
lation of Congress.
11. Resolved, That Air. Van Buren
has held the Presidential office for one
ter.n, voted for the Protective Tariff of
1828, holds that Congress has the power
under the Constitution to abolish slavery
in the District of Columbia; we cannot
therefore support him for the next Presi
dency.
12. Resolved, That John C. Calhoun,
for his sound political opinions, his emi
nent qualifications ns a statesman, his
strict adherence to the Constitution, his
able vindication of the rights of the South,
entitle him to ottr warmest support for
the next Presidency.
The resolutions having been read,
were advocated at some length by Doct.
James S. Sims, and Win. C. McKinley,
Esq. when they were severally, unani
mously adopted by the meeting.
Mr. McKinley then offered the follow
ing resolution, which was unanimously
agreed to, viz:
Resolved, That the nomination of Mr.
Clay for President, by the ( onvention in
Miliedgeville, in 1842, was not authori
zed by the people of Georgia, and is such
an outrage on the proud history of the
free trade party, that we cannot call it by
flie proud name of “ mistake,” blit we de
nounce it as a desertion of the long cher
ished principles of the South.
On motion of Capt. Thomas R. An
drews, it was ordered, that the proceed
ings of this meeting be signed by the
.Chairman and Secretary, and transmitted
to the Editors of the Southern Recorder,
and the Georgia Constitutionalist, with a
request that they be published in their
respective papers.
On motion, it was ordered, that this
meeting stand adjourned, subject to the
call of the Chairman.
LEWIS J. DUPREE, Ch’n-
John Crawkord, Sec’y.
From the Boston Post.
Last luJia Cotton.
Six months ago a writer in the Boston
Atlas was profuse in his epithets on ihe
Post for asserting that the days for prohi
bitory duties were fast passing away, and
for endeavoring to show that there was
no danger, at present, of East India cot
ton supplanting American cotton in the
European market. This writer had la
bored hard, about 18 months ago, to show
that even our own market, without pro
tection, would be inundated with foreign
cotton; and that England would soon
shut ours out of her ports by prohibitory
duties!! The Allas said:
“ E e long, the cotton of America will
be driven entirely from the British mark
et', by the competent production of that
article in India.” * * “ That England
can and soon will raise her own lotion,
and will shut her ports, by a prohiLLory
duty, to the cotton of America, we will
show,” v£c..
This writer relied much upon isolated
statistics, relating to the importation o
India cotton into England. Circumstan
ees forced about two hundred thousand
hales from the Eastern market into th<
British market. These have now chang
ed, and importations of this article have
fallen off. W'e notice by the last accounts
the following statistics of cotton in the
Liverpool Times. They give the impor
tations up to April 22:
“Comparative view of the imports and
exports of cotton into and from the
whole kingdom, from the Ist January
to the 22d of April, and of the imports
and exorts for the same period last year.
1843. 1842.
American bags 701,205 348,132
South American 35,879 30,60 J
W. Indies, Dcmerara, 1,437 447
East Indies 16,296 93,381
Egypt, &c. 12,512 6,402
All descriptions total 770,329 478,971
478,971
Increase of imports as
compared with the
same period of last
year, 291,358 bags.” *.
This statement presents a falling off in
the importation of the East India article
of SEVENTY-SEVEN THOUSAND
BALES in three months, while there is
an increase of the American article, dur
ing the same period, of three hundred
and fifty-six thousand bales ! So much
for the indications from an increased im
portation into Great Britain that India
cotton will “soon” drive the American
cotton from the European market!
We have seen nothing more favorable
respecting the cultivation of the article
in India, than we have copied into the
Post. A gentleman who has been o:i the
ground—one of the party that went to
India under the auspices of the East In
dia speculators, has recently furnished
the New-Orleans Tropic with an inter
esting series of articles on this subject.
These papers are designed to show that
India can never he a great cotton grow
ing country, and they agree with the
views which we have taken of this sub
ject. We quote a brief extract. After
stating that the chief causes of the failure
of the late extensive experiment were in
the soil and climate, this intelligent wri
ter says :
“ It is a well known fact to farmers in
this country, that both a long drouth, or
a continued season of wet weather, are
equally causes of short crops. In India
both of these difficulties are to be conten l
ed with, when clothed in their sternest
features. In fine, the rains cease in Sep
tember, then succeed a season of nine
months of withering drouth and heat.
To mention these facts to a practical far
mer, is sufficient to produce a conviction
that India can never compete with Amer
ica in the growth of cotton.”
So, then, the Southern cotton growers
are not yet prepared to log-roll with our
Northern manufacturing capitalists for a
high protective tariff. It will he time
enough to think of this when England
shuts her ports to their produce by pro
hibitory duties.
And what is the prospect ahead of an
increased duty on American Cottons ?
Recently Lord Monteagle moved, in the
House of Lords, for certain returns rela
tive to the articles of cotton and wool,
with a view to a reduction of the duties
on those articles, W ith respect to cotton,
after remarking that it differed from the
corn-law subject, as here there was “no
home interest to prcftect,” he said
“On that article a duty of 5-16 of a
penny per lb. was imposed. In conse
quence of this the cotton goods of this
country were placed under a great disad
vantage as regarded the foreign manufac
tures of cotton goods, as to the amount
of that duty the foreigner was enabled
to undersell us. * * * *
The effect of the tax was to become very
oppressive on the lower priced articles
purchased whilst it was but trifling as it
regarded the higher priced ones. In
America the lower priced fabrics could
be afforded at a low rate, in consequence
of there being no duty whatever on the
raw material which was on the spot. * #
Let their lordships take the case of Amer
ica, where they had the raw material on
the spot: and was it, he begged to ask,
possible for this country to maintain a
competition if this duty on the raw ma
terial were supported 7 He would not
attempt to exaggerate the distresses of the
trade and manufactures of the country.
Perhaps there might be a little daylight
just now, hut he was not sure that there
was prospect of permanent improvement,
and parliament was not justified in aggra
vating the distress which was admitted
upon all hands to exist. Both in the par
liament and by the public, complaints
were made of the adverse tariffs of other
countries ; but these were in some degree
created by our own tariffs—(hear, hear)
—and it was in the power of parliament
to relieve the manufacturers of Great
Britain by taking eft' those duties which
had occasioned the adverse tariffs. The
returns before the House showed that the
wages of labor hi the cotton trade alone
amounted to 18,000,000sterlingannually,
JvTSt imagine the diminution of the com
forts of the people that must be produced
by the abridgement of that sum to the
amount of 12 per cent. In the last three
years there had been a diminution of wa
ges in the cotton trade to the amount o
3,650,000/. If he wished to condense
the arguments against duties upon raw
material to the smallest possible space, he
lie could not more concisely or forcibly
express them than in an extract which
he read from a speech of the present firs<
lord of the- treasury in the year 1836.
which was to* the efleet that,, howeve.
prosperous at that-period were our man !
ufactares,-it must still be remembered tha
we were, in time of peace, exposed to th. j
vigorous competition of other nations j
and the raw material of manufacture wa s I
the last article that shouid be selected fo*
taxation—(hear.) He did not know what
would lie the wants of the country in the
next year, but he would say that if there
should be an opportunity of reducing any
part of the taxation of the country, there
was no duty which could be more safely
or properly reduced than that upon the
raw material of the cotton manufactures.”
The Duke of Wellington said—
“ Let us wait until we see what the ex
penditure of the year is before we attempt
to diminish any tax—hear. If it were
thought proper and fit, he went on to say,
that any diminution in taxation should
take place, the details would be brought
forward elsewhere, and he was quite sttre
that their lordships would be most happy
to consent to such an arrangement— hear,
hear—but he must entreat of their lord
ships, h i repeated, not to interfere with
the existing system until at least it was
seen what the state of the revenue in
comparison with its expenditure really
was. For his own part, he thought that
in the article of cotton that article was
one which did not require a diminution
of duty.”
Lord Ashburton took part in the debate,
chiefly refuting some of the statistical er
rors Lord Monteagle made in his speech,
tie said—
“ For his own part, he always looked
with great suspicion on duties imposed
on the raw material.”
But perhaps the most important senti
ment is that uttered by Sir Robert Peel,
at the commencement of tin* present sess
ion of parliament. Speaking of the duty
on cotton, he said that this duty teas to
be defended on the ground of revenue
alone. We have seen no proposition
brought forward to add to the duties on
American cotton. British statesmen and
British writers, save a lot of East India
speculators and crazy enthusiasts, consid
er such a policy perfectly suicidal; and
most persons here, save the writer in the
Atlas, must deem it perfectly ridiculous.
A determination to maintain the ascend
ancy of her manufactures, is stronger in
Great Britain than even the mock phi
lanthropy that seeks to abolish slavery in
foreign lands, while so much political
degradation, absolute ignorance, appall
ing crime, and cruel starvation exist at
home.
Whether we look at the importations
of cotton into England, the probable suc
cess of the East India speculators, or
opinions in the British parliament, we see
no indications of danger to the interests
of this great American staple. Our agri
cultural skill, aided by soil and climate
our commercial enterprise, free from
burdensome taxation—prudence in busi
ness and a sound currency to do it with
will long secure us this profitable trade.
In this country alone it employs more
than seven hundred millions of capital;
in Europe the capital invested is already
immense and rapidly increasing; and the
capacity of consumption, as new markets
are opened, is growing greater every day.
I-’or the principal, or a fair share of the
supply for all this demand, our cotton
growers possess a guaranty, not in the
disposition* of foreign powers, but in
their interests. Americans can furnish
a good article cheaper than others can;
and so great is the competition among
foreign manufacture s everywhere, that
they must have the raw material on the
most favorable terms possible, or they will
lx? driven out of their own home markets
by tne produce of our looms.
Sfi rt Passage.
Steamship Neptune, Capt. Rollins, left
New Orleans on Monday, 19th ult., at 6
o’clock, arrived at the Northeast Pass be
fore daylight the following morning.—
Finding that there was a gale of wind
blowing from the East Southeast, the
captain thought it prudent to remain un
til the gale subsided. Left Northeast
Pass Wednesday morning the 21st, at
half past seven—arrived at the bar of
Key West on Friday morning, the 23d,
at half past seven ; running the distance
in 48 hours; remained at Key West un
til Saturday morning, the 24th, and left
same morning, the 26th, at half past five,
performing the distance in 48 1-2 hours;
left Charleston Tuesday morning, 27th,
at five o’clock, and arrived at Sandy
Hook the 291 h, at half past three o’clock,
58 hours, performing the distance from
New Orleans to New York, running time,
in 154 1-2 hours, or six days, ten hours
and a half, the shortest passage on record.
The passengers, who have been kind
enough to furnish us with the above facts,
state to us, that besides the pleasant wea
ther, the judicious conduct of Captain
Rollins, greatly contributed to the short
ness of the voyage, and as the gentlemen
inform us, contributed in every other re
spect to make the passengers truly com
fortable.—New- York Herald.
McCulloch's Univcis'l Gaz tfc©r.
Another great work is offered to the
public, on the cheap system, by the broth
ers Harper—a work not only great and
valuable, but indispensable. It is the
Universal Gazetteer, or Geographical Dic
tionary of the whole world, recently pre
pared with immense labor and research,
by r McCulloch, the author of the celebra
ted Commercial Dictionary. The Amer
ican edition has copious additions and
improvements, by Prof. Haskel, who is
imply qualified to revise and correct that
oortion of the Universal Gazetteer which
r dates to the United States. There are
to be seven large maps, and the price ot
ihe whole work is to be only four dollar ß
aid u half—eighteen large numbers, at a
piarter of a dollar each.— lb.
Diokxerueotype.— Mr. Whitney,
.vriting to a friend in this city, says tha
Jlinton, the chemist, has within a
lay’s past, succeeded in fixing, by an att p
> roc ess, the colors of flesh, drapery,fl 0
as, with nri the strength and vivt
less of nature. I have seen forty or h;
pecimens which rival in tint the most nu
ished efforts of the pencil.— St- " e ß’