Newspaper Page Text
POLITICAL.
Fu.n the \c< York Journal of Commerce.
A Xatioa it 1J ink.
Judging from the ton.- of a portion of t:ie nrosjn
p-rs at the Smth an 1 Southwest, there arc still, in
those sections many warm advocates of a Nation .1
Ban!;; ami the favor with which they regard such an
institution, appears to rest chiefly on its sup|k)se.l use
fulness in rejuiMin? the exchanges, There is no
need of discussing the subject, at this he J.y, wilh
a view to any practical result —for tin re is not the
least probability that a National Bank will ever again
be established in this country. But p •ssihly it ma;
console so ne of the advocates of the me .sure to .iis
cover that the exchanges are in a much la-iter condi
tion without such an institution, than i' ev ever were
. wi.hone. In fact, a “great regulator, .1. signed to
eountcVac; the immutable laws of trade, w iicli ran
never he resisted with i-npunity, is in the end th
greatest disturl>er of the exchanges, a we have too
fatally seen. Mr. Pickens of S. C., in an a' !.- sp.-. ch.
delivered on the floor of Congress, Aug. O’.h, 1811,
(the whole of width would richly reward a pern* and.)
presents some soon I views . n the su'd t, .adapted > >
the latitu Irs and longitudes above mentioned; and
also some facts mowing the state of exchanges
tween different parts of the country at vari -us perio Is
during the existence of the U. 8. Bank. lue views
of Mr. Pickens have re vived ample confirmation,
since they were presented to Congress, in t ie a I ui
rablts working of the exchanges under to. free sys
tem. No ponderous machinery of man's J 0..-";
has been in operation; yet the exchanges are re i
luted in a manner far better than any such uuohins-.
ry ever did, or ever couIJ accomplish it.
[Helmet from .If.-. Pickens’ Speech]
We are told that a National Bank is essential to
regulate exchauges; and I rather think 'hat this as
• sertion has had as much weight in the community as
any other consideration. Many have been induced
to believe that such was the fact. There vv is never
• greater Ih! lacy. The true meaning of i al evinn
is the difference between cash and a bill drawn on a
given point. This could alone be regulated by the
stxte of trade between tile two points. But, in t
modern use of the term, it had to be con id;red as
merely the diffcronee between bank n tes of different
institutions, or tile difference in the price of ban;,
paper. A bank note was at sjic.'ic par, or under it,
according to its convertibility. Exchange is now con
siJereJ the difference between the capacity of l> inks
to convert their paper into specie at one paint, in
their capacity at another point, lor in t.-.nc« : in
the city of Augusta, I b lievc tlie banks all »u-p ti
ded MMjit perhaps, the -Merchunts Hank ; and th.
consequence was, that (here was a difference in foe
of the papers of that in jlitutiun of so n ■ 5 too;
cant. this be ex than je, tin n*t i re « -
difference of live or six per cent in exchange fro n
one street in Augusta to another street in the sen.-
city. The same uvght be said as t> tie Il.inbur;
bank, which is one side of the river, ami the banks
On the other side. It is only the diffrenee in to
price of hank paper, as compared withs, ie p-.r.
it is mere absurdity to call it exchange, and the ur
gument founded on it is a mere catchpenny argu
inent. Now, in this modern ssnse of cx.\in;_ I
lay down the prop ,si,, >n, that the Un I ■
Bank never did equalize ei on;-.. We
.
the lost bank as if we w. re to - ret . ......
Now let us look at the I.- ory of. ..< a. rf
t'ao records, during the full o;.
ted states Bank. 1 present y-aa ta : .
Beit.de document, No 457 ; session of ISo7-38.
Prices of bank noUi throngtout Tie y ,r I>lß.
Maryland, C to 10 and from 2 to 150 p:r et dis.
N. Carolina, 3to 4 “ sto G
S. Carolina, Ito 3 per cent discount.
Georgia, 3ta -1 u
Tennessee, -1 to 5 and Iro nßto 10 peret di
Kentucky, C to 10 per cent discount.
Ohio, G to 10 “
Prices of bin!: notes throughout the year ISO.
Country banks of Pennsylvania, 4 per cl di-
Maryland, * 3 to 4 “
Country banks of New York, 3 to 4 “
Virginia, 3 to 4 “
North Carolina, sto 10 “
South Carolina, 3to 8 ‘‘
Georgia, 3to 15 “
Tennessee, 15 to 23 “
Kentucky, 10 to 25 “
Ohio, 15 to 20 “
Prises of lank notes throughout the year 1820.
Boston, 1 to 2 per et dis.
Massachusetts ro.intry banks. 2to 4
Pennsylvania country banks, 3to 4
Virginia, 1 to 3 i:
South Carolina, 1 to 3 “
Georgia, 1 to 3 “
Tennessee, nrpriec.
Kentucky, no price.
Oiiio, 15 to 05 “
IT.l T . S. branch hanks generally, 12 “
f
V. S. b’k at Portsmouth, N. FT. 2 to # 4 “
U. S. branch b’k at Boston, Mass. 2 “
U. S. hr. b'lt nt Middletown, Ct. 12 to 4 “
Prices <f bank ruffes throughout the year IS2I.
Alriine, 4 per < t. dis.
Rhode island, 2 “
New York country banks, 1 to G ■'
Pennsylvania country banks, Ito 3 “
North Carulina, 2to 4 “
South Carolina, 1 to 4 “
Georgia, 1 to 5 “
Tennessee, no sales.
Kentucky bank and branches, 30 “
These are not the extreme, Imt the average, There
are separate tables, containing tile discount of t .is.
banks that were greater than the average quoted,
w! ich amount to 50 and 80 per cent discount, vie ,
in the same period.
Prices of bank n tes in Philo .’ Iphiathro■ at l
year 1825.
Blaine and N. Hampshire. Ito 2 1-2 per ct dis
New York country banks, 2to 3 “
North Carolina, 3 to 4 "
South Carolina, 1 to 2 “
Georgia, 2 to 3 "
Alabama. 10 to 13 **
Mississippi, 10 “
Tennessee, 20 “
Kentucky, 45 to 50 “
Ohio, 5 to 8 “
Prices - r be -V ic V throughout the year 1327.
Maine and N. Eng’d gch’llv, 1 to 2 I 2 per ct dis
New York country, 1 to 3 “
AVestrrn Virginia, ! 3 to 4 11
North Carolina, 3 to 5 “
Alaba na, 10 to 25
Louisiana, 5 “
Natchez, G 11
Tennessee, 10 "
Kentucky, 30 to 40
Ohio, 4to 5 11
Michigan, 10 “
Prices of bank notes throughout the j -r 1828 *
North Carolina 6 to 12 i er ct dis.
Georgia, 2to 4 *•
Alabama, 20 to 25 “
New Orleans, 4to 6 “
Mississippi, 6 to 7 “
Tennesse, 10 “
Kentucky, * 25 >•
1 briiove that thousands ’have been induced ' ■
think that the last United Mates Bank made all these
tilings equal. Now, if a national bank could rc?o
uh.lv this km I of exchange, it could do so by pursu
ing the same course it did in 182 ' are: 1821, when
it !I ide lile attempt. YV hat was then the o|k ration !
Its branches, part; ulariv in the west and south and
southwest, got [sisscssinn of her local eireulation,
and ran up >n to. local batiks for S's'cie to strengthen
tl.e mother and central nranehes at Philadelphia and
New Yolk ; the result of which would be toimncen
trate all the sjMvie of the country in its own vaults.
With its pu die deposilcs, ami tile di.-hurse.T.ebts id
the national revenue, no local bank could stand its
operations. In Isl’d, 1320 and 1321, it broke al nosl
every bank in the west and southwest. The country
was prostrated un ler il ; and such must ini lit.tely
be again the operation of a central Government insti
tution. vv ith its branches in the remote St.-tes. It will
use the power and resources of the federal revenues
to oppress soil ruin mtr local institutions. lam not
left to conjecture in this matter. It was the his! ry
of the last bank. Mr. Biddle avowed the policy ip a
communication, as president of that institution, to a
commit!, i- of Congress, dated loth April, loJ2. lie
used tile following language :
“ file whole torec of the institution was therefore
directed to strengthen that place, (New York ;) and
liie distant brandies were directed to avoid incommo
ding il; and the Atlantic bram ln s near to them, by
drafts upon them ; but to pay their balances to the n
with as little delay as the convenience of their res
pective localities would permit, 't his is the whoe
policy of the bank in the I -st six months. It will be
seen therefore, that without a diminution there is an
actual increase of business in New York, and a large
increase of tile domcs'ie bills at the branches ; the in
crease in New York being for the purpose of pro
tecting th interests there, and the increase of the rc
iniUan.es being from the wist and l ie south to sus
tain New York and the northern Atlantic branches.
In assuming this part on the present occasion, the
bauk deemed itself only a-ting as it was designed to
act by the Congress which created it, and placing it
s-If in its true natural altitude to the Government
and to tin- country.”
I think Mr. Clo ves an I Mr. Biddle have both de
clared that there was no period of their presi b-n.-y of
that in dilution when they could not, if they h i I cho
sen, have exercised it-s power sons to have prostrated
any lo al bank they might think proper. Il is a
strange inf,tu itiim to see men rawer to place the lo
cal institutions, particularly ot the sooth and west, at
the mercy of such an institution. Arc we prepa id
to sacrifice o:r local stockholders, who have vested
tin ir all ii) our M ite litnks fur th - interest of a ne.v
ecntrd Governmi nt h.o.k ! It arises from the Illu
sion as to excbaiig s. Crc he such a bank, and i: it
gives you a circulation th.it shall be equal evirv
w here, it can only be done bv making is pip r equal
to gold an I silver; and if it be equal to gold and sil
ver. it wait then require as much product-, or as mucu
of any tiling, to gi t ;; as to got gold and silver.
If your lot a' paper be not convertible t on, it will
require just as much of th ,t to procure the moie-y of
a l nite-d M,n s Ban!; as it vianld !o procure gold
and silver no.v. or av til ihl ■ fun Is. 'l'bc local j>i|j -r
Woul I l-e just as mu- uin low tho United Mates st in
d trd as it Would oe l«-!,nv sp. cie par—that is, if the
United Mat* s Bank piper should be equal eva-iv
where; and it would nniv be so. because of its i-q .ui -
ity. wit . the specie st.ui.lar I. And this I have dem
onstrate I fro n the price of bank paper, which 1 have
years of tin-existence of the last bank; to tiiis might
be added the cost ol transgiortation of specie. Now,
then, when you establish branches of a national in
stitution. and in die its eireulation equal to gold and
silver, then will commence the svle.u of oomiurin
v
the piper ot your ■ late institutions with that of the
branch at the nearest point : and t ie const q.ience w ill
be, that private broker aje will be tran-fmied to l a
otiiiters of the branch, and your local pap. r wdl Ih
shaved there.
T'ro n its connection with the revenues of the Go
vernment and a central institution sustain -.1 by pu »
Isc deposites, it will g.q control of fictitious e.\. iia.i
ges, and, as an inevitable ronsequenep, will saer lice,
in emergency, the distant points to sustain tile centre.
It cannot be, nor ever has been otherwise. This
kind of equalizing exchanges is all nominal. There
may be only one-half or thre --fourths per cent, be
tween the Uranen and the central institution ; but the
circulation of tite local banks will be still below par,
in exact proportion to their convertibility at a com
*
from the tables presented. It will just take the same
amount oi local paper, JJr of produce, to obtain the
general and cqu and f.dWi! ition, under that sy-tem, :1 s
it does to procure spqeie, with the exception of the
cost of transportation. Any two specie pi inis i.te
now equal in exchange, oxeep.t as to cost oftr.n.s
prrtation and the differen ein trade. Productive la
bor call receive ni a Ivcntage from gnv ot'ji r syst. :u
than the preservation of the specie stand ,rd ; arid that
can be done by this min.im cent using if entirelv in
its dues and disbur—men's, and by I'k- t ges i a .’ii r
ring convertibility in their local institutions.
*' etn; arc these ra'es vv h fi—e now preva-li;, and
be!. Id hie • ifiereiK-t-s. —E is. J. C.
Lfxemngcs including ( - r! rates and ( ill s. Octuher
27, 1813,
Boston, _ }o 4 dis. Columbus, 1J all dis.
tdpliin, pt r ai " S . . , j a I “
B'dtiniore par uj “ dl-' n-, par a I pm
A iisb'n, D C., * * N.O.ienns, i alf “
liielitiiuiid, 1 a i “ S. I, ..i , ,-p. If a II d.s
•i-- gh. It a it “ Lotiigvi le, 1 :t If *
H ilmiiigton, Is a1 ’* Uineiiuiati It a 2 “
Charlestoo, Ia 1 “ N isii.ui -, 2 a-I “
V.gustn, ia 1 “ Apalachicola, ia “
Macon, 1 a—“
dir. Calhoun
The following beautiful trib-it • to Mr. Calhoun is
from the closing paragraphs of “IT IP RA ih '’ 1. c
eoinniunieation, the able and eloqm -it cor-.. -pan ! nt
. . ItL i trutiiful
tribute to the moral, public, and private character, and
transcend-.!nt must of that gre t statesm m. YVhen
in tile history of our own time—wber . with tlie , x
erption of our Washington, or a Ha n-i len, in the
history of all ti'ne p<st, bright and sp o ulin r as it is
c n another example be tbiin I of a puVir ::i ,n cc :i
billing ill hi ns-. If ail t he virtu -s of !..e m >st Bill th -
in private, w ith tile t 10-i.ls and patriotism of the no
*•’ -'i *nen in pul-iic ii i-1 Where i- the man ,-alhng
hi as. if ui Ami (ican, that is not just! ' f
Where has Liberty and our glorious free instiluti-inz
an admiring votary on earthy, it d.«> n.c t or., r him:
lii distiir! in«r the current of his u tud
pursuits, and eomiuif forwai-i to address
itis cguntryuieu, tlto writer of these es
says sincerely prays, that he has been
free from every influence, inconsistent
witii the impulses of a lofty | .ttHolism,
and an carne t and uuse!fidi desire to
advance the high interest of ins country.
Whatever fact ite has staled—whatever
argument he has ursred —whatever cord
sideralion he lias liroufflit forward, to
form a motive with the public, lie consci
entiously believes to test on die firm
foundations of truth, lie fieliev&s the
perfect preponderance of truth—the com
plete establishment of pure principle, es
sential to the lull development of human
aptitude, to social enjoyment, nud to our
attaining to the degree of earthly beati
lude, for winch we were designed by the
author of our being. None can describe !
the slitiff of remorse, ity which lie would
he torture i,il lie were intentionally acces
sary to the betrayal of itis country into a
false position, though' his agency, or his
sophistry, might forever e.cape all hu
man ken.
Animated as he humbly hopes, by mo
tives which can bring no tinge of shame
to the cheek of the patriot, or of the phi
losopli r; he seeks to direct attention to
such facts itoii considerations as he deems
should influence the decision of a virtu
ous people, in selecting the chief magis
trate of a mighty nation —a nation whose
rapid rise and marvellousness greatness
might excite the wonder of the world.
In recurring4o the history of the past,
we find the fathers oi - the country often
I •■•n'lg voluntaryte tit u-ov to the visi
ble display of the Divine Hand, in deliv
ering them from the peril of impending
evil. In contemplating the general gloom,
which now darkens the lowering firma
ment, the attention of the nation is irre
sistible directed to an American states
man. whose mental energy and attain
ments; whose moral aptitude and phys
ical fitness--would s em'odesignatehim
as the'human agent in the hands of Prov
idence, to work out a glorious and tri
umphant deliverance. In examining
the long !i-t of Republican statesmen
whose sterling merit and characteristic
excellence, entitle them to tlie grateful
admiration of their country —the heart
of an American swells with pride, in be
holding the broad range of selection, the
vast aggregation nished names.
Among the n —and 1 et high above them,
in intellectu and grandeur and su hi unity—
stands John (’. Calhoun like our own
Collosval peaks of Otter, towering above
the Alpine heights which surround him.
In venturing to commend to the favor of
tnv fellow-citizens, this distinguished son
of South Carolina, who by the admission
of all mankind, is invested with the high
attributes of a statesman, I have freely
confessed my admiration of his Stupen
dous intellect —my love for the simple
virtues of his character. There be those
who exert a great influence over public
opinion, who have received the enviable
compliment of the almost unlimited cori
fubmee of an enlightened people, who
affect to stvor at the indulgence of this
‘dove for the man !'’ 1 ask you my fel
low-citizens, what is tiiis but to sneer nt
die lore of virtual Instead ofadmitting
the practices of a virtuous life to be enti
tled to awaken the strongest and warm
est emotions of the soul—instead of ex
-1 liibiting virtue in the most beautiful at
traction-'. as an object worthy of imita
' tion, emulation and tlie homage of ardent
a ‘Il cl ion—instead of encouraging the
young to love the virtuou ; there be
those who have become venerable in in
fluencing public opinion, and, who must
answer to an awful weight of responsi
bility, for (lie tone of. public sentiment
iiieulcalt (!. u ho irtiempt to bring ridicule
on the mail that : vov s a love for it virtu
ous ,-ic man !! \Yi a - must lei he mortifi
cation of the considerate, at beholding the
venerab'e Nestor of oTsrState, stimulated
by the paltry desire of achieving a victory
J over an unknown and undistinguished
adversary, or a securing to a favorite, an
unmerited advantage ; thing violence to
; tii ■ g< iarons impulses of his nature, and
exliibitii r hin ■'( ns the public scoffer
of love avowed for the fascination of vir ?
| tile? While public nio.als are unadul
terated, the aged and veteran disputant
j can secure nothing but injury or com
!na io:i front tlie melancholy exhibition.
I />t him continue to scolf let him cou
i tiiitte to sneer—sneer nt the most hallow
; owed emotions of the sou! called into ne
iion I y eontT't:])lating the display of the
i pure t virtue. 1 shall cherish the senti
| nient which I frShkly avow. 1 shall con
tinue to love Mr. Calhoun. Love him
| for his virtue—his kindness-—gentleness
| —amiability— equanimity Patriotism
and Philanthropy. Dove him for the
! nurc and bright exaitiple of a taintless
life, exhibiting the development of the
higho't excejleuces of our mortal Being!
What object is worthy of a higher re
gum! ? Where find we a higher stand
: aid of excellence ? The fond mother,
| filled with tlie spirit of a pure religion,
j and bending over the form of her infant
; boy, teaching him to send tlie prayer of
innocence in whispered accents to tlie
1 throne of Grace, could ask for her child,
; the benefit of no brighter example than
j shim' , forth in the life and conduct of
; tlie ( treat Stn'esman from South Caroli
na. If it should be the fortune of that
child, in company with his parents, to
meet .Mr. Calhoun in and lily converse, as
sembled around the same hearth, day af
terday, and month after‘month, iii all
the unreserve of confiding friendship, he
wan'd witness the display of uninter
rupted mildness and cheerfulness. He
would find him always kind, generous,
re peel fill, affable, e-j liable, communica
tive and in-tractive. Throughout the
revolution of th > seasons, he would wit
ness no ebnlition if angry passion. He
won and hear no expression indicating
tin ta • tan that breathes. No
sneer at the ab mt would distort the
oount nan ;of the Statesman. No sar
casm would curl upon his lip. Ev ry
action would conform to the strictest
morality; every c\pros ion would breathe 1
the love of virtue—every sentiment won Id .
1 e tinged with the rich line of an all-jier- j
vadtng and inib wsa! benevolence. If
that child should loliow him to tlie table, j
he would witness there .an example of
temperance and s.-bricty, mingled with a '
"eiierou- ho.-pita'i:-,-. lint sunset they
>ho’t <i \ra!:; log-* tit* ;• on liie terrace, to
"'•'7.- ' o:t till? n-j I. nt orh, “dipping his
t road el'li t hi;,4 our Virginia hii is,”
his convi isalion would kindle witii the
inspiration <ii'th*‘ s,- no, and lift ns to the
eontemphiiion of mat Great Beinif who
is t’it* Creator of <o much I>esv ll ly and
sf»|«=nc?<>i* —the IVspenser ofso much
toman. Il at the hour of 12 at night,
the Imy Min'd f fiow his father to the
tody oi the statesman, they would gain
instant admission, they would find him
engaged in the patient and systematic ar
rangement of business, or in the profound
investigation of some great truth intim
ately connected with our state. If, on
the ensuing day, the boy should follow
| his father to tlie Senate Chamber, he
would behold the great Senator from
South Carolina still beaming with the
. pint ofuniuersa! benevolence—still kind
—still courteous to friend and foe. And
when, at some far distant day, this boy,
i then grown to the state of manhood, shall
1 indulge in the recollection of these long
past scenes—when memory shall con
duct him to the instructive contempla
tion of the intellectual man, lie will re
member Mr. CALHOUN as the patriot
sage from South Carolina. He will re
member him as a stupendous creation of
the Divinity. lie will remember him as
the vast Erie of intellect pouring over
Niagara its volume of thought—broad,
deep, pellucid and brilliant—ceaseless,
resistless, eternal and sublime. In med
itating on that bright example—that pure
character, he will feel that he becomes a
happier man, a better citizen, a purer pat
riot ; and as his heart warms with affec
tion for such virtues, he will cheerfully
and ungrudgingly resign to others every
advantage which they can secure, by
practising on a philosophy which binds
them to the object of their highest pref
erence, by no stro'nger tie than the frigid
sympathy of cunning.
RIP RAPS.
lloxv stands the Union?
All the States, except three, have now
held their elections for members of the
28th Congress, and the results may be
regarded as a pretty fair indication of tire
views of the American people, as regards
tlie leading principles and measures of
the two great parties into which they
! ever have been and ever will be divided.
In the table below tlie members elect of
the next, and those of the last House of
i Representatives, from tlie same States,
! are classified politically, as dioy stood
then, and they stand now—showing that
the twenty-three States that have held
their elections, have returned 138 demo
crats to (53 whigs—or a democratic ma
jority of 75—and that the same States
before returned 125 whigs to 90 demo
crats—or a whig majority of 29. Dem
ocratic gain 'ONE HUNDRED AND
FOUR members I Thus—
New Congress. Old Crtigress.
' Whig. Dt’in. Whig. Dom.
Missouri, 5 0
G.oigia, 2 G 9
Arkansas, 1 1
New York, 10 24 19 21
Delaware. 1 1
Massachusetts,* 4 2 (i 1
South Carolina, 7 18
New Hampshire, 4 5
Connecticut, 4 C
Virginia, 3 12 7 11
Louisiana, 4 2 1
North Carolina, 4 5 8 5
Tennessee, 5 (» 8' 5
Kentucky, 5 5 11 2
Indiana, 2 B*o 1
Illinois, 1 (3 2 1
Alabama. I (3 5
Rhode island, 11 2
Vermont,'t 2 1 5
Maine,: 3 12
New Jersey, 14 G
Pennsylvania, 12 12§ 13 15
Ohio, 9 12 12 7
G3 138 125 93
G3 93
Present dem. majority, 75 29 Whig.
[;naj. last Congress.
* Four vacancies, t One vacancy. : Four va
cancies.
§ This inclu les Dr. Nes, the member from York
and Adams, who is claimed by both parties. lie is
a Tariff man, but in other respects is said to be dem
ocratic. ilc was eheted by whigs and democrats
jointly, in opposilion to the regular de.nocr.tie can
dilate.
Tlie three States which are yet to elect
members, are .Maryland, .Michigan and
Mississippi, which are entitled to 13
members—and there are 9 vacancies—4
in Massachusetts, 4 in Maine, and 1 in
Vermont. The results in these Suites
however will not probably vary the ma
jority materially—but will leave the
democrats in the ascendant, in the popu
lar branch, by more than two to one.
It is proper to add, that we give the
above table, precisely as we find it in tlie
New York Journal of Commerce—notes
and all—a print whose authority in a
matter of this sort, the whigs ought to he
the last to except to, being a paper of
their own kidney, and only di if. ring
from other whig papers in its character
for f irncss and the accuracy in its state
ments of election results.— Weekly Ar :
gus.
The Candor of tl>-* liichni'ini] Enquirer.
The Richmond Enquirer, speculating
on the probability of the Presidential elec
tion going into the House of Representa
tives, observes : ‘‘The Constitution ex
sly 1; nits tl: : etion to the three
iiiglie.-t candidates, and they would, prob
ably be Van Buren, Clay, and either
Johnson or Buchanan.” One of the
Caesars, on a triumphal occasion, had
the busts of the distinguished citizens of
Rome carried in the procession, but that
of Brutus was omitted.— Washington
•Spectator.
A ‘ Coo;.’* lYiihoiif an Owner.
* .n tin* A|.:tl.u'tih'ola t'o.inm-ifial Aiivrrtiai'r, wo
liii'l tlio sul’jainoil ailvoiiisomont:
“ Cunr'smcr Wanted —far a female ooun, arrivctl
pur steamer Tallahassee. It lias a lulicl attiiuhu Ito
its nook, ma.keil ‘Bt. I'roix.’ If not ttikon away nt i
tlie expiration of tile flays, it wi.t he sent to tlie jiub- i
tie Mori's.’’
That same nlfl eoo;t seems to have been sot adrift, !
t’V the remits. proSahly. of the October elections; hut
if the person into whose hands it has fallen at A|>a- ,
laehi 'ola will, as he promises, send the lest creature
In the ‘public stores,’ the Coon will lie at omc where |
it ivan'.s to lie. All ils efforts hale heen directed to
wards effec.ting a lodgment in the ‘public stores ’
where it proposes to heroine fit at leisure. "Give us
the patronage,” said Mr. Clay, “and we will make
popular."—f >.mrrratic Pignal.
Auk>■!' mmi
WEDNESDAY .NOVEMBER 15, 1843.
to a PRESIDENT OF TIIE EXITED (STATES.
JOII N C. CALHOUN.
FOR VICE PRESIDENT:
IsF.VJ WOIIDRUKY.
Removal
Vgf The Office of the AMERICAN
DC MOCHA T is removed to Cotton
Avenue, immediately in the rear of
the Bookstore of Mr. J ackson Barnes.
A Communication and Adverti
sing Box is kept in the Store of Air.
8.. where our friends and customers
nre respectfully requested to deposit
their favors.
q VTlie Subscribers to the American Democrat,
who have nut remitted their dues, arc respectfully re
minded that it is a cash paper, and that from the low
ness of the subscription, we cannot wait until the end
of the year. . .
Governor Crawford’s Inaugpral crowded out thU
week. .' .
The Compromises of the Constitution consid
ered in the organization of a National
Convention.
We have received a singularly able and powerful
pamphlet upon this subject. It is an emanation from
the pen of one of the most eloquent and gifted members
of the Democratic party. With a masters hand he
has swept away the mists of prejudice and error with
which the Globe and the Richmond Enquirer have
attempted to invest this subject. That the District
System of electing members to Congress and Dele
gates to the National Convention is more consistent
with the Constitution than any other mode that can
lie adopted “with democratic principles” and with jus
tice, we hold lo he incontrovertible. Itis the Democ
racy of the Constitution, the Democracy of the “old
en time ’ when the people were uncontrolled by such
a complicated system of caucus machinery, as lias
been introduced into the polities of the country with
in tl.e last lew years by the Albany regency, anil
which if nut eradicated by timely ampul..tion will
overthrow the Constitutional influence ol the smaller
States, and stjp the vitality of our Republican Sys
tem. It will at once occur to every reflecting mind
that in proportion as the circle is diminished from
which the selection of a Delegate is to be made, the
more immediately and fairly will tlie Opinions of the
feopi.k be expressed, and the less room will there be
for caucus .dictation and party management. \YV
desire to see as few intermediate agencies between
the people and their representatives in the Conven
tion ns possible, and it is presumed there will
I e no objection in this Bl.de to a plan so purely
Republican and Democratic in its tendency. Again
ive say, that by the District System the wishes, nj in
ions and preferences of the people can be fully ex
pressed and fairly ascertained. If there it a District
in this State that prefers Mr. Van Buren, the war
worn veteran of Kcntu Ay, or the b:iiliant and suc
cessful soldier and statesman of Michigan, we Con
tml that they should be repiesented in the Conven
tion. This we have advocated from the first and
contended that the Delegates ought lo be chosen ili
rccUtj by the Peoylc —to convene at Jjaltimore , TiJ.nj.
1811. (i id : iere individually express Kail!fully, the
trill of llicir ConslUuenls.
Again we repeat that we are for r ‘ferrlng the mat
ter hark to the people and embrace the present occa
sion to urge tiic subject to the serious consideration
of our democratic friends in the Legislature, and
generally throughout the Mate. As it is proha Ide
that the Legislature now in session will divide the
State in Congressional Districts. Should they, how
ever fail to do so. our friends in the Legislature, can
district the f t .te provisionally with a view to the se
lection of Delegates. Tills done, h t the people in
their primary Hirelings in each county composing a
District, elect Delegates equal in number to their
representation in the Legislature. Let these Dele
gates mei t in next March *or April, at some
centra! point in their district, and choose a Delegate
to tlie Baltimore Convention. Two Delegates repre
senting the State at large, and corresponding to otir
two Senators can be most conveniently chosen bv
our triends in the Legislature sometime durino the
present session.
The Georgia Defi'nt,
*• There seems to l»e some reason for the supposed
suspicion, th;.t the late defeat in Georgia was promo*
ted by the more* reckless Van Huron men withhold
ing their vote, to bring dou'ot and distrust upon Mr.
Calh )tm's influence in the State. They vyere dis
posed to !k' hitter, reck loss and desperate, in their first
opposition t>* Mr. Calhoun in the < ‘onvention, till a
clear development of his popularity, and the over
vh 1 uinj jmjority in his favor, Imfit them the val
ue of a pro lent iurl discreet, thou rh reluctant con
currence for the ti ne, or patient bottling of their
wrathful opposition, till a more favorable opportunity.
Hut no sooner was the late defeat evident, than some
one or two thorough Van Buren presses commenced
to charge it. bitterly and virulently, to the nomination
of -Mr. Calhoun, and the dissatisfaction consequent
upon it; and the charge was promptly echoed by the
Globe and other Van Buren papers abroad. Now,
if the charge be true, is it not evident that it could he
so only by the Van Buren men withholding their
votes, for the purpose of deflating their owu party,
and bringing discredit uj»on the influence and popu
larity of Mr. Calhoun, reckless how they might pros
trate the party or its prospects, so they could injure
Air. Calhoun and advance Mr. Van Buren. or re
venge their disappointment at the elioi *e of the for
mer? The Vi bigs, of course, all voted for their own
men; the Calhoun men had no possible motive to
weaken or dell at the party, but the strongest to
promote its success; and cons: qucntlv, it’ any votes
were lost, ns charged, by the nomination of Mr. Cal
houn, and Ids unpopularity in Georgia, it must be
those of Van Buren men! The inference ii inevlt
;i: !e, from the premises of the Van Buren men them
selves; and let it not he forgotten, when the liberali
ty. fairn- ss or justice of the Calhoun men is assailed
Iv t.ie Van Buren men, t.iat ihe Demo* ratio defeat
in Georgia—the first after brilliant success
es winch preceded it —is thus attributable to the latter,
and their reckless purpose of advancing their own |
candidate, regardless of the party and its principles, !
or of revenging their disappointment at the fair and
honorable nomination of Air. Calhoun.
’* The Van Buren jmjrts which made tills unfortu
nate charge, accompanied it with an urgent requisi- j
tii*iv f«.*r a reconsideration of the nomiiialicn or Mr.
Calhoun, an 1 o: the iiwtru lions to the n.-!o-»av
pointod by the L-gislative Cau.us, to rote T.rYd'
Calhoun janl in TVs, we hope they will l, e ,
rd. if the matter be suinaitte I to the Pcopl- a j,;
Delegates elect dby them. \Vo have alw,y s r
ted the appointment of the Delegates to the eien
Convention by a Legislative Caucus. It l Us f"
urged by the Van Buren n-n in pro .sos the
ft:»U>nry an 1 insincerity oi the Calhoun men, j fl t :
advocacy of the District system, and of their re'?'
ness to avail themselves of any other, when tl <>.
be gainers by it; and has thus tended to Weaken
moral strength of their cause. The only reasona'?
excuse for it was, tliaMhere were no Congress!,,,
Districts in Georgia. The Whigs, however, (p '
urg.il obedience to the Apportionment Law ,'/
Uongress, requiring tlie Congreisional 'lfep rc;fr .
lives of each Mate «> be elected by Districts) K
doubtless taf off -the 'M:rti* into Congressional p
tricts at the ensuing Session of the Legislature
these can be used by the Democrats for the el Pr , .
of Delegates by the people to tile General Convene,..'
The friends of Mr. Calhoun having nothin.r to
in Georgia, from the opposition of Air. Van R uri
who has as little personal popularity there, as a,
distinguished public man in the Confederacy
even it it were otherwise, let them firmly and con
tcntly abide by their principles, ‘do their duty, a:.J
leave the consequences to God.”’
The above from the South Carolinian, w e fc, r
too true, vet we will not indulge in the bad ten .
which one of our cotemporaries has adopted ]1(1 .
withstanding his previous soporific homilies u;.on: .
union and harmony cf the parly and the indis.ru .
of Air. ( alhoun s friends, at a proper time, we n
review the whole ground arid point out some bub?
that have been overlooked, at present it is unneert.
ry. As to referring the choice of delegates to i|
Ballipmre. Convention back to tlie people, we arcip
ling to meet the most rampant of our Van Burn
friends on that ground.—Nay, we eo firther. \\
contend for the appointment of delegates bv distrl i
wiierc the people themselves can make their,on
cnoirc without the intermediate agenry ol’ politi,-
nr n igers ; and we now cal! upon our friends in p
Legislature to aid in districting the State— and u
ourpirty throughout the Mate, when that is dom
appoint delegates to the Baltimore Convention by 1%
tricts, as soon ns the apportionm. id is made, ti.i niv ; .
may select their o;vu delegates and instruct tlirni:.
vote tot whom they please in the Convention. 1
is what .'di*. Calhoun s friends in this State, ns w 1
as in every other in the Union, have all alone r „ n .
tended for. As to the recent Democratic and -iiat in
this State, we embrace the present occasion to assure
our friends in other totes that it Will not wcidi ,
fentlor with us here Air. Calhoun’s friends here,
as well as every where else in the honorable career
o! elevating id the Presidency the nioilM Statesman
of tlie “ Mo hr I Republic,’*-have that to console them
which is far above tlie exultation or success of inert
politicians—animated by a patriotic love of count-v
lli.ll rises sup rior to every |>crsond consideration!
n.i ordinary defeat can change their purpose orde
stroy their equanimity—convinced that their iiioUn
are pure, and that no sellisn considerations arenm
gled w:t!i their desire to serve their country—tho
arc not to be driven fro::i their position by meremr.ii.
agf.uent, or the sneers of office hunters or their in
struarciits. Air. Calhoun's friends owe allegia;, e
nowhere but to their God and their Country! and
while they arc willing to abide the justice of the j
countrymen, yet they cannot he muz/Jed by irrrs
puliliced trinmers, having 100 an abiding faith in ill
virtue and intelligence) of the jmiple (if left to tlica
si Ive.) they believe t ii:.t sooni ror 1 .ter they will -
covi r thi ir own interests and the policy best calruh.
ted to pri serve our free institutions in the viwor ant
freshness of our li 'roie age. In the fullness of llj
■ lay the tiii nils of Mi. ( h Ilmen have ; nt their trust
“ Tin y greatly mistake Mr. Calhoun, or his frier.!*,
if they siijiposc that the Presidency is the first thin;
in t.icir corisr.ler.ition i hey value their pcrsaiU
characters and the prinei|)te« of the Democratic pur
tv tor hole all station ; an I to save either, they r
doas limy havetlone be .'nre—go down into a he,. -
less niiii, .My, and st in>l alone with the sword c.f i:?
1 o;ot lt mn in t.icir hau ls, ‘fearing nothin"
(•aim • notnuig.’ Populaiity they value, hut it is I: I
I. i ir aim: iucccfs tiny desire, 1 ut il is not llairns
waul. they look far higher than thesi—to tie
- on.-titution, which is to be iraintaiticd ; to the! -
eriics of the people, whirl) arc to In- preserved; It
the approbation ot a pure eonsiienee in tUo sight 1
t cm, w Inch power cannot give, and empires lost cun*
not take away.’’
4 Whig
penny, the three hooped pot shall have ten h««wl
and it shail be felony to drink small beer. TherciGiß
• s 1 di be in common, an 1 in Choapside shall uiy pal*
frey go to grass.”—Henry VI.
Ihe Legislature is now in session—in the full
hdo of successful experiment. The Whigs have a iw
j>ri:y of about forty on joint ballot. The election*
are all by this time over, and the six hundred alike
hunters nave been disjuised of. The great business
oJ le _. it ive r« i arm need In' no longt*r delayed. i ;1
\\ bigs in t!»e late canvass declaimed loud and lon*
against wh.it they have been pleased to term dco"-'*
| misrule, and democratic mismanagement. V ;
| have now gentlemen “room enough in paradise ***
otir majority is sulliciently large rn the 1 i-1 tu'<
b> carry out ail your plans, and you have the co-ojfc’
latino of a v big Governor to sanction them. Alakc
a demonstration ! redeem your promises. Let the 'f
nius of improvement go forth robed in light, andapplj
the trenchant ban lof cutting reform. Let the aba
scs, against which you have so bitterly inveigle*l- i ;
anv such existt, he swept down the wind. Givr thi
people a demonstration of the public policy yon weu'J
have tlie State adopt. Set her in tlmt path togKi
I progress and honor, which you have promised s'ua:il
he done, it her fortunes were intrusted to
ing. Tire people will now hartre an opportunity ot
seeing how far your deeds will tally with votir pro*
ises. But, far—very far he it from us to declare m
, ad vanct^a gainst the reforms »>f our very learned geet
masters, tho Whigs, We are disposed to wait aid
judge their measures candidly and impartially
‘nothing extenuate nor aught set down in malk'
Vet many think they have promised too much, # n ''
I that the people will hill short, very far short, of rral*
I izing their expectations. Nevertheless such ni<’ 5 *
I sure* as they may propose or adopt for tlie public
goo.! —such changes or reforms as may be mudc i“
ihe public and judicial policy of tbe &.laU*,conft a* l "
with the spirit of improvement, and the progress, an»l
wants of our |»roplo wilj not be decried by us fall*
narrow spirit of partisan opposition. Wc go spontlif
hro-vl fktiilical maxim, *7 hat character is as i/nyor!- n
In a N.V'e as to ,i private man, end Liuil the glory <i f ‘
State is l r u common properly of all Us
an* Willing that the tree should be judged by l '
fruit—arid honor awarded where honor is an d--
Whether tho majority in the Legislature be Whig l ' r
Democratic. All we want now, go il lemon, is to
you. make a demonstration. AVhcth.ryoa wilßPrl