Newspaper Page Text
THE FEDERAL lNIO\.
rOHN G. POLHILl) EDITOR.
MILLfiDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, SATURDAF, AUGUST 28, 1830.
TOLVM& 1, NUMBER 8.
tbb rsDXS&AL union
ubKtM fl l 1 hrke dollars per all-
in ad ft nee, or Four if not paid before the end of the
The Office ia oa IV ay nt-Street, opposite Me
^mbs’ Tavern.
All Advertisements published at the usual rates.
Efcijh Citation by the Clerks of the Courts of Or-
iiiary that application has been made for Letters of Ad-
inistration, must be published Thirty days at least.
Notice by Exccutois and Administrators lor Debtors
d Creditors to render in their accounts must be publish-
Six weeks.
Sales of negroes by Executors and Administrators must
e advertised Sixty days before the day of side.
Sales of personal property (except negroes) of testate
and intestate estates by Executors and Administrators,
must be advertised Forty days.
Applications by Executors, Administrators and Guar
dians to the court of ordinary for leave to sell Land must
be published Four months.
Applications by Executors and Administrators for Let-
'tcrJ Di*tnisSOiy, must be published Six MONTHS.
Applications for Can closure of Mortgages on real Es-
’ tate must be advertised once a month for Six months.
Sales of real estate by Executors, Administrators and
O tardiuns must be published Sixty dats before the day
/ of sale. These sales must be made at the court-housi-
door between the hours of 10 in the morning and four in
J the afternoon. No sale from day to day is valid, unless
so expressed in the advertisement.
Orders of Court of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy
I of the bond, qr agreement) to make titles to Land, must
b« Advertised THREE MONTHS at least.
Sheriff’s sales under executions regularly granted by
| the courts, must he advertised Thirty days
Sheriff’s s?vlcs under naortgarc executions must be ad
vertised Sixty days before the day of #»le. i
Sheriff’s sales of perishable property under order of
Court must be advertised generally Ten days-
All Orders for Advertisements will be punctually at
tended to.
; *** All Letters directed to the office, or the Editor,
pnust be post-paid to entitle them to attention.
JVIILLLDGEViLLE
MASONIC HALL
LOTTBBY.
1—AnJ ril
THE MANSION,
COLUMBUS, GA.
(IBIS large and commodious building
L situated on the corner of Broad and
• i Crawford streets, and in ihe very centre
IBs 133 of business, is so far completed that the
llfi113 undersigned is enabled to announce to his
friends and the public generally, that he is
now ready to receive all those who may favor him with
tbeir calls. Having for a number of years been engaged
in the Ta vein keeping business, he flatters himself from
his experience in the above line, that he will be enabled
to give general satisfaction to all those who may call at
Ibe MANSION.
His STABLES are spacious and well ventilated, and
amply supplied with the best of provender, and attended
by experiened and steady Ostlers. His BAR will at all
times be filled with the choice of best Liquors, the New
Orleans Market will afford. In addition to which, the
undersigned will bestow his owii unremitted personal at
tention, and in his charges, he will not forget the pres
sure of the times. He assures the traveller, the daily
boarder and all those who may honor him with their pat
ronage, that they will not go awav displeased.
SAMUEL B. HEAD.
July 31 4 5t
GLOBE HOTEL,
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
T HE SUBSCRIBER, (late proprietor of the Globe
Hotel, and more recently of the Mansion House,)
begs leave to announce to his friends and the public gen
erally, that he has taken that elegant and commodious fire
proof Brick Building on the corner of Broad and Jackson
streets, and immediately adjoining the new Masonic Hall.
It is situated in the most central part of the City, and is
in ’.he very heart of business—being in the vicinity of the
Augusta Bank, and the Branch bank of the State of tieor-
On Thursday, the 4th dau of her next, * ia ’. . ..., ., , lL nnTrT
- *■ - ■ Tins establishment is known as the GLOBE HOTEL,
and in its interior arrangement and general construction.
wq tfc TrtiRD ftAV’S DRAWING will positively
H flgcc—Z\ which time, the Wheel will be in
fuel) situation, as far holders of Tickets to reasonably
calculate on some respectable prizes. A nobler chance
for a fortune, in the way of Lottery, was never present
Li to the public. All who may feel disposed to porchise
(Tickets, would act wisely, to buy, in the MtlledgemUt
Ufatonic Hall Lottery before the next drawing. Tin- Lo.-
ferj is at borne, and though you should be unfortunate,
there is sliU the advantage that the money will be in cir
culation amongst us, and added to this, the chance is cer
tainly very good to realize ten or fifty times the amount
expended for Tickets. On examination of the different
drawings, it will be seen that ihe, small prizes are scry
much diminished, leaving in the Wheel nearly all of the
valuable ones—It will also be recollected, that the prizes
tinder two hundred dollar*, were deposited ia the wheel
at the commencement of the drawing, and that tnere are
Jet to be deposited, prizes from two hundred up to
30,000 DOLLARS!
■Which certainly holds out the strongest inducement to pur-
/cliasers. _ .
At the next Drafting the following Splendid Fri
zes will he floating:
OF 8500
“ 500
“ 4U0
•* 400
•• siro
“ 300
*« 300
“ 300
« 200
•• 21)0
' “ 100
•• 50
unites in an eminent degree, spaciousness, neatness, and
comfort. To the man of family, the individual traveller,
the daily boarder, or the fashionable visiter, the GLOBE
presents accommodations inferior to noneiu the Southern
Statsq.
Having conducted for a number of years, two among the
most popular Hotels in this City, he flatters himself that
bis experience in business, added to the superior advanta
ges of situation and the resources under his eontroul, will
enable him to give the most decided satisfaction to all
who muy honor him with their patronage.
His STABLES are spacious and well ventilated, and
amply supplied with the best of provender, and at
tended by experienced and steady Ostlers—in addition
to which, the subscriber will bestow bis own personal un
remitting attention, and in hisebarges, will not furget the
pressure of the times.
FHVSXOLOCHT.
DR. GORMAX’9 ADDRESS*
Before the Medical Faeq/tif phi- Society of Phil
adelphia, being an tnqwnj'int? ffce Philoso
phy or Nature and R^rattons of Life.
with the view to appreciate and discriminate
between the laws purely physical, and the vi
tal laws, in the phenomena of organization;
and to determinate, the Nature of Disease,
of Therapeutical Agents, &c.
[con tinted.) v
From language let us turi to things.
No part of nature reposes Life is a contin
ued effort; in body each atom struggles with
its fellow s*to4n—worlds, with worlds. Rest is
only apparent. The mountain, by whose huge
pile, Nature would leave proof to mortals of
her mighty strength,—or monument, on which
he inscribed the age of the world, when it was
Whv
assists in all these operations, and becomes a
torch to light the .animals’ footsteps. Tbeir
coaatuses or efforts continually t*ndto, and ter - -sed, we jnay conclude, the empire or our
and after alt the great expectations, it once
excited, and tfi&valuable discoveries, it prona-
inmate in organization and intellection, whicl
are mundaniety.
These vital properties appear to be incapa
ble of action by their own unaided abilities,
and require the instrument of previously orga
nized substance through which atone they can
display their efforts. They never, therefore,
could have originated the organizations, we
&ee them now evolve, in the various tribes of
li'iog creatures, but must at first have receiv
ed \bem ready formed by creation. The or
ganisms then of the first animals were formed
by a process, and in a manner altogether diffe
rent frem any, which have since existed, or
the vital properties themselves must then have
possessed powers, of which no vestige remains.
Endowed essentially ns life is with the abilities
to evolve organization, to pass out. and trans-
ims niigniy smigg.e-inm itself to new forms, nothing was necessary
universal existence, « which all the 5mra- L (hc b innj but ', he b J„„ nien , of , ts
t,oos ol things, with quick step, puss to tang, ln f ltun) *„ ti „ rganisIn , l0 €Dab | e it , 0
and repnssr Minute abservaHon „,ll sh» o . its generation,: compete with death,
that preservation 19 made i» depend upon et- ... - & a~.il r. r
iort Accordingly each bfiWr." fnsmedta act | roCC ! h if Im few ?un.‘an& after t Il| f pBysfcaf bo-
conservatively in two ways: In the de-lj^ U p 0 n it operates, we may suppose have
fence of its own existence. S?d I» that of its un dergone much change from the ceaseless ac-
svstem. And for this last pnrposecarniverous t j v ;,y c f (i ie aflluities, which impel their forms
appetite was given. Animals prey upon their L* orwar< j t W e see it still fresh and vigorous
fellow-animals, bodies, upon bocies, and if[unexhausted, inexhaustible.
comets be solar aliment, which is digested, and Contrarily to life, which can only evolve its
regurgitated in the shape oi oar day-light, forms through the adjnvitant agency of previ-
worlds upon worlds. ously existent organism, the abilities ofphysi-
!f I hen all the actions of matter tend exclu-1 ca j bodies, at least those of chemistry, for we
sively to the conservation cf its own system, 1 j {ncw nothing in this respect of those belong-
and all its energies look to that end. the spon-1 j n ura niology, for recorporification or de-
(aneous production and support of animal ex-1 ve j opemen t of tbeir forms, appear tobeessen-
’ i r a 1 * li . _ l. A .!l« lliA IiA. I _ * • • . 1 ... A a/aa * Iv/lfYirol 1’AC
knowledge remains pretty meek the same, oft
the score of ks agency.
What then is evident to our senses and our
reason in the study of the living economy. 9 —*
That lifers a peculiar substance, as are matter
and mind, whose times* to react upon physical
bodies, and other stimuli, we call contractility
and sensibility—that these bodies furnish the
raw material, out of wLich it elaborates the tis
sues ol ere a tores—that the conatuses of these
same bodies, oo the one side, move to and sus
tain its actions; and on the other, its move*
inents are sustained by a force of mind, voli
tion, corporeal conatuses modified, and reflect*
ed through the brain, attracting by desire, or
repelling by fear, sensations, which accompany
them. The situation of life then in the great
mechanism of cat ore, is between these *wo
classes ot stimulations; its re actions upon
which are the vital functions. The mind^.ac
tuated by the forces of bodies without, by im
pressions from some parts ot' the economy, or
the vital properties, which are tne iniewdfcMHi*
functions... The two constitute all that active
animal existence is; and is the sum of those ef
forts, which secures its conservation.
We see that it is the forces of the vital pro
per! ies, which causes bodies to assume the or
ganic state—that if these properties become
extinct in any part of a living body, that part
separates, not as is commonly supposed by the
efforts oflife in the living parts; but by the ef
forts of the molecules, themselves, which quit
the state, in which the vital properties had left
them, in obedience to the laws, which preside
and impossible. Had there been nothing then, 1 j a y ^ oyvn the stream of time.
beside the seeds or primordia of body, sown in
the fields of space, till yet there had existed
nothing but matter. In order, therefore, to
turn this matter to gnnrl acoount, or malce it
instrumental in the existence of a new being,
nature, as we may say, was under necessity of
fixing upon a certain, convenient model or de-
enmstance, that the separation takes place,
ToTrace! step by step, the operations of the I and not to any effort of the living, to throw off
two vital properties, I have mentioned, in the the dead parts. . ... .
two vital properues, f , L —I If then, on the extinction of life, the moIe<
\
h
1
FRIZF. OF SiO.OOO
1
PRIZE
1
do
i€
10.000
1
do
1
do
Cl
5,000
1
do
1
du
• f
1,000
1
do
1
do
• I
1,000
1
do
1
do
tffl
900
1
do
1
do
M
900
1
do
1
- do
«f
800
1
do
I
do
• •
800
1
do
1
do
Cl
800
1
do .
1
do
fl
708
19
do
1
do
<1
COO
37
do
1
do
it
50(5
besides 2
PRICE OF TICKETS.
Wholes $ 10—Halves $5-Quarters $2 50
ICT* ORDERS addressed t» Wyat' Foard, Secretary
fn the Commissioners, post-paid, will mu.t ">t 1 ^roinp.
attention. _ _ , ~
WYATT FOAi-i ZJ,
Secretary to the Sjotiimissioners.
Tl » iy T7 ^ tf
*OO JHTj X70TARIAI* & LBTT3R
SISALS,
1.1NGRWED BV T. FOGT.F.
B li at the subscriber's JewcUry
Store, who would respectfully in-
1 fi.rm the public that he has con
stantly on band, a general assort
ment of
^ Watches, Jewellry, Plate,
Cutlery, Military Goods. <$*c.
Clocks, Watches, Musical Boxes, Jewellry, and Plate
neatly repaired.
Millcd^eville, Aus. 7 *
sCP The Charleston Stages arrive at the Globe Ho
tel, every Sunday, Wednesday and Friday evenings, at 6
o’clock. & depart every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday
mornir> at nan pasrs. s nt'« — r" ,
5.“ ^nar-s every Tuesday and Saturday rooming, at
S arrives every Wednesday and Sunday cve-
n* at 6 o’c'ock. The Elbcrton Stage departs every
Sutulay Lm.nf.a, 4 o’clock, cod arrive,ever,Fnd.J
evening at 6. The Pendleton Stage departs every Tues-
day" a?4 o’clock in the morning, "nd amves every Mon-
dav at 2 o’clock in the evening. The Milledgevtlle , U g
arrives every day except Thursday, at 7 o’clock in >hc evc-
ning, nnd departs every day except Wednesday, at J o -
dock in the morning. The Savannah Stage arrives eve
ry Monday Wednesday and Friday, at 10 o’clock in the
serves its integrity. We shall afterwards see
what circumstances or considerations weighed
in the construction of this model; in other
words, what it is that determines the animal
forms and properties, or separate portions of J
their device.
Animals, then, admit strictly of a philosophi
clock in the mqrniag.
lay IVeanesdr.j
morning, and departs every Sunday, Tuesday and Thurs
*>' “ r S. ua SHANNON.
Augusta, Oct. !, 1829 196
L. PERKINS.
3t
LAIf ITOKO’S.
UiE Copartnership in 'he PRACTICE ol H e LAW
heretofore existing between Samuel Loutfur 4'
Jred Iverson, is this day dissolved by mutual consent—
A. Iverson having transferred his interest in said Part
nership to John L. Lewis.
A Copartnership has been this day formed between
Samuel Lowtbsn & John L. Lewis, who will aitendto
the Practice Of the Law in the Oemtilgee, Flint and °o»ith-
ern Circuit*. They will gem-raMy be found at their office
in Clinton, when not absent on 'be Circuit.
A. Iverson will, during the present year, remote to
Columbus, and practice Law in nil the counties of I he
Chatahoochie Circuit and in those of the Southern Cir
cuit where hi* services may be required. Tbe services
of A. Iverson will he rendered in winding up the business
W Of LowtUer & Ivcr*oo in the Ocmulgec Circuit.
, v SAMUEL LOWTHER,
ALFRED IVERSON,
JOHN L. LEWIS.
Clinton, June 19,1 PoO. 234m4m
ENTERTAINMENT.
THE subscriber respectfully informs his friends
and the public generally, that he has leased the
HOUSE recently occupied by Mrs. Flemming, in
Marion, Twiggs county, ond will be prepared by the last
ol this month to accommodate
TRAVELLERS
and other persons who may favor him with their patron-
aire His House is situated in tbe most pleasant part of
the village and in the immediate vicinity of the o.,.irt
house. lie pledges himselfto render bis personal and un
remitting attention to the comfort and accommodation of
all who may be disposed to favor ^VER?"*
ge
I'arion, August 15, 1830
CALL AND SEE!
THE Subscriber respectfully informs
his friends and the public in general, that
he has opened a HOUSE of
ENTERTAINMENT
in Carrollton, Carroll county, «•*. and
fitters himself that he will give as gener-
aTsaLstacUorTto all lhat may favor bim with their patron
age as anv other Inn-Keeper in as newly setUed country
os this—Though Carroll county has been kept ,n the back
ground, defamed and shaded by reports, yet} hope! «H
will soon be bloivn away by the sunshine of virtue, nuj
tured by the Gospel of Christ, and tbe ‘nstrmMionof a,ts
“ So cal! and see C. McOARTx.
—225 tf
and scicnces-
April 24-
I
A NEW MAP OF GEORGIA.
T HE subscribers have now under the hands of the
Engraver in New Vork, a complete and splendid
Map of the State of Georgia, the greater part compiled
from actual survey, with ail the districts carefully laid
down and numbered, the «.hole completed with great la
bor and exactness from the latest ond most authentic in
formation, in a style not inlerior to any thing of the kind
yet presented to the public, with a table of distances froin
the Seat of Government to every county site or place or
importance in the State. The districts in the new pur
chase and lower counties are all numbered in the corners,
vo as to enable • person to ascertain the exact situation
Of any lot of land, and will be painted and finished off in
the neatest manner—apart of them canvassed varnished
•nd nlaeedon rollers, the balance will be on thin paper
nicely folded in morocco covers, and will be for sale in
Milledgeville by the first of Octobei next. Those on rol
lers atFioe Dollars, and the pocket map cf the same size
^Person^nSding at a distance wishing to procure the
a 0 go ha sending by their members, as a suffi-
Seat wmb«r of Stem "ill b« kept in Milledfpwilie Jur ‘ n 6
«*—*•>^u^TXrlton WELLBORN
Ju|y , t ORANGE GREEN.
JOB PRINTING,
NEATLY EXECUTED AT THIS OFFICE.
FACTORAGE
153 avd
COIOCISSIOH BUSINESS*
fTTttE under,ton-.-d grnlefulljaeknowMee the liberal
T pntron^ -'ich the, here b«n f«or«d
above line, and respectfully inform thepuM'C thatthey
continue its transaction in the City, and that their f aiU
fol and undivided attention will be devoted to the busi
ness of tticlr patrons. Produce
Liberal Cush advances may be expected on Produce,
fee. in Store, when fc SIMMONS.
Aquti. Aug. 7, 1830 5
GEORGIA, HABERSHAM COUNTY
Superior Court, April Term, I8J0.
BULB NISI.
r 1 appearing to the Court that John Lecroy wa* in p *
session of i Deed of Gift, given by Tuscorago Sboe-
boots to four negroes in the said deed named, * c £Py °f
which i^filedilTSeoffice rfth.Clerk jf
and that the same is lost or destroyed—It is therefore or
dered by the CoiV't, That the copy so filed a. aforesaid
bc’iMtsblUdied inueu of the origiual so lost ordertroye
unless cause to the contrary be proven on or before the
first day of the next term of said Court; and that a copy of
this Rate be served, or published in terms of the law in the
Statesman & Pstrio M j note 4^ j„ ne |g30.
A true copy ko jqhn ^ CAR ^ c g c
| jonclfl *53 .
imprecoation of ihe ovum; the changes, they . .. .
produce upon surrounding bodies, iu elaborat- cules spontaneously leave the state in which
inc the materials—Ihe way, in which they dis- they previously existed, it is proof that all the
pose of these materials in the different struc- lime, they were in this state, they controoally
„ . ... turcs; the manner, in which their actions are exerted their physical properties, whose force
rice for that being, and of arming it with such susta j ne d by physical bodies or adjuvitant ef-l was only overcome, and held insuspention by
powers, as should enable it to re act efficiently I |- ortg bodies stimulation; by the stimulations! the superior force oflife. And it is in this way,
upon this matter, turn its productive tenden-j ofthe wi ,j 0 f t t ie mobile, animal matters, the I matter becomes a material iu the existence of
cies from the natural direction, and conduct I HJooii. lymph. &c—the ties, which connect all a being foreign to it in all its properties; and
them to new results. Such precisely are an ‘ L or g an s into one harmonious, respondent, I shows us how nature economises her means;
reals. This model runs through the zoologi- who j e j n a wor( j f to investigate and trace the and multiplies her producliots, as we may say,
cal scale, admits of modifications, but P re * | actions of life from its first impressions upon I by her ingenuity.
dead matter up to organization and intellection, I We have spoked of life as possessing no
would constitute a complete system of physiol- self moving power, but merely susceptibilities
ogy. Such a system, however, I humbly con-1 to motion, all its actions proceeding from slim*
ceive the day will never come, in which the I illations.
genius of a man, however happily born, will be I Let us examine the soixrce of these stimula-
able to present to his fellow man. ltions:
Nature, it would seem, in excutihg her work, I 1. Physical matter resists the organic action ^
cal definition. Theu are corporeal bodies 2»|A:j t h at which appeared to her most fit and) of life, but is overcome bylife’ssuperiorim-
n hirherists a substance, to which Iheujw a their«lxich sus-pends th-« v '
jui.«uw., ~j-*—-• 'o' * mature entirfly ***T a || erwar j 9 to place to the human mind. Andjculoc. W Lj c |o Jj- . l combination;
traneous and foreign to matter, more powerjul jf hcr vvork rema ; ns as s he finished it. moving and it yield's to orgatuzalion. We should ob-
and energetic in its operations, lhan that priori Qn harmonious silence, in the concealment of serve all the physical properties of matter are
pie, which impels chemical elements through ihe ^ e fl- orlS( by which she matured it, she has I not affected by the vis organics, but only those,
endless mutation of form., or worlds, in their or- L p t room (- or j ar an< j discord in the thought I which preside over its forms, or the mutation
bits Previously to the possibility of the exis- ^ maI|t which contemplates, and investigates l of its forms, for we see living bodies gravitate,
tenceof a living organized form, thse two pow- L an d the noise and tumult ofhis philosophy exert eXtensioD. &c. as others do. Part of the
<*rful principles or modifers of the cor P orea M w ’arfaring murmurs along the path ofhis gene-1 organized matter is so formed, as to contain
phenomena, must be subdued and held in sub rat ; ong the principles of motion to other parts, and be* '
jugation, but not annihilated, as we shall pre- The edifice of science forever remains.— I come their stimulators. Such are the fluids
sent ly discover. This substance of such won-1 p os tcrity looks back discontented upon the J in the sanguiferous and absorbent systems,
derful efficacy in overcoming the natural ef-1 |be '; r f orc f a thers reared, and imagining 2( j T he mo i ecu i ar motion of physical bo.
torts and tendencies ol bodies, and compelling themse i ves better architects, take it down to dies js reciprocal; and its tendency, as 1 bav©
them to yield results foreign to themse ves, ls J rebuild upon a more perfect model. Their I js to persevere in tbe same state, or to
life. ..-. successors likewise were dissatisfied, and do J c b a nge the form. The tendencies of these
Sensibility and contractility const 1 u e 1 e s jbe same, and in this way, it continues to bel bodies upon bodies organized, is exactly the
offensive armour, with which it assauts c < mi j (]isjiointe<i and rebuilt, but pretty much always! reverse The action is no longer reciprocal;
al bodies, overcomes the impulse^ y w icj ©f the same materials; and perhaps, will I |f^ e i r impetus penetrates and pervades the or-
evef continue to be done so. A Hunter, a g an jj5ed body, as in muscular contraction, while
Braussais, or a Physic, may imagine they see no corre sponding change is observed to take
some part uncouth or imperfectly done, they I p| ace in (hem. For the action to be recipro*
toil hard their days, to straighten out and fin-J ca j t be vital forces must first be overcome its
ish what appeared incomplete. We rejoice t b e a { 0 ms, which reciprocate, and then they
for the ev’er-enduring remembrance of our age I w jjj ex bibii no mure the non-reciprocating’
and name, but (hev are lost in the dilapidation I q U .,|jty until they undergo the process of reor*
or misplacement of the things, upon which we I g a nizati<>n. It is in this way, physical bodies
place them lor the portage ol time. I excite motions and changes id livirg bodies,
We, whose vision is belter adopted for the! which pervade the whole system oflife, while
volume of a ivorld, lhan foi the atom near us, they, themselves suffer no exhaustion of power,
in the sublimity of our vanity, imagine, that we 1 nor lee! any change in the great changes and
^re boru to the heritage of natures privy coun- movements they impart,
cils and secrets; and, that if we do not know I 3d. Matter, which is the product or refuse
them all, it is because we have misemployed I of organization—-the urine—the feces, kc.
our talents, and the means, we have at com-1 4^. Mind, in the shape of volition, exerci*
mand. Accordingly we smothen out what is j ses contractility, and becomes a source of vital
rough, people that which is dark and write I mo vements. The state of mind we call voli*
round systems of philosophy. How admira- j- on owes jj s origin either to the impressions of
b!y wise was that sage, who left his work un- t be living organs sent to the brain, requiring*
finished to signify, he did not understand all. I c |, an g C ©f posture, focommotion, organic move.
The ancients believed in occult qualities; we I men ( S f or the gratification of some want, or as-
have exploded them, substituted other names j s - s , aBCe [ or t be expulsion of offensive matter
for things, nature never knew, and write books (* roni SO me cavity.—-in a word, from impres-
about them to explain their nature and opera- '
tions. Ol if Nature could laugh, she must
have bursled before now.
Physiology, with some other sciences, has
been attempted to he improved by improving
the senses,—by opening up to view those re
gions, which lie beyond their unaided efforts
Accordingly in the field of the microscope, for
the most part the fairy land of science, a new
world has been brought to light. Those, who
have drawn on the chart of knowledge the fig
ure and descriptive mechanism of this world,
have differed infinitely; and we read in their
works little other than the collision and dis
cordance of opinion.
The truth is the microscope is a sublime
dreamer, and he who befievingly consults it,
will have unfaithfully unfoulded to him glori
ous visions, which captivate hv their novelty
and splendor. He describes things true to.his
mind’s impressions, which have no other ex
istence, than what is engendered by the in-
impingment of a ray of light against circumam
bient atoms; and his mind becomes the sport
the play thingof sunbeams. Its revelations
of the interstitial world, in the main, are to tb*
philosopher pretty much what the cave $f
Montesinos was to the Knight of £0 Maa^hf;
Gill Uvlilvft| Vl v 1 * r 1
their molecules move; spoils their forms; and
imparts to them a new arrangement foreign to
(heir unmolested tendencies,- suitably to its
own purposes. In other words, they express
the phcnominal connection of the substance of
life with the substance of bodies, through
which life acts upon these bodies, and consti
tute the antecedence ot which the animal phe
nomena are the sequence; and stand precisely
in the same relation to th se phenomena, as
do attraction and its modifications to the cor
poreal phenomena
Since, therefore, the vital, predominate over
the corporeal energies, those, who admit life
only to an adjectival existence, constituted ol
the sum of its functions, ought to allow body
only a still mere empty and shadowy nature.
And those who adopt these views of the sub
ject, cannot, with propriety, admit the exis
tence of secondary causes in nature, hut will
he compelled to regard all the phenomena of
nature, as so many direct, individual acts of
the Creator.
This philosophy savours of that of occasion
al causes, whose beautiful fabric once towered
magnificently in the literary horizon of France,
and fixed upon it the admiring gaze ol men.—
But the eye of posterity has looked back upon
it ; and with the genius, that reared it, its glo
ry has sunk into ruins. It is virtually no other
than pantheism, which is as dangerous to re
ligion, as false to philosophy.
As we know many of the chemical elements
which are cognizable to us alone by the effects,
they produce upon other bodies; so we can
know life only by the effects it produces—as
the cause of oiganization and its phenomena.
I would not insinuate—far be it from me: that
it is of a chemical or material nature, but only
that it is of a substantive nature of its own
kind, as are the two other substances, I have
mentioned, whose phenomena with life s. is the
visible universe. The u*o ffiodes, by which
it acts, constitute the feondation for the clas-
sitication of the function, and terminate in
two great results, which tend to conservation
in two different ways. Speaking in very gene
ra! language, the one breaks tbe fetters which
hold in union surroonding bodies; endows them
with fresh powers for combination; and monlds
them into definitive forms or apparatuses by
( which some valuable end is to he accomplish
ed ia the device, they constitute. The other
sions sent to tbe brain from some internal or
gan, or impressions transmitted to tb.e senses
from without coming from what exists around.
Both sorts of impressions converge and meet
in the cephalic centre, and are distributed and
radiated thence tbrongb the organs.
If the minds reaction upon the forces flow
ing upon tne senses from things without, be at
tended with delightful and joyous feeling, tend
ing to conservation, the objects from which
they come are called good to signify this sort
of feeling. But on the contrary, if the mind’s
reaction be accompanied with pain, tending to
destruction, the objects, from which these im
pressions are derived, are called evil.
These two opposite states of the nervous
system, before men had learned the analysis of
thought, underwent personification, and receiv
ed a separate and independent existence. Tbe
good and the evil were not supposed to attach
to objects, hut .to two great intelligent princi
ples or spirits, which divided between them the
empire of nature. Accordingly our fere-fath*
ers in the wilds of Germany and ihe plains of
Scandinavia, finding themselves unable to con
trol or modify their incorrigible tendencies,
reared tip spacious temples or dedicated to
(JkejQjaured places, with hope to appease