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' •3DER4L VMON. ■ ■ JOHN G. POLHHX, EDITOR. THE FEDERAL UNION* Is published every Saturday at '1hr.ee dollars per an num, in advance, or Four if not paid before die end of the year.* The Office is on Waynt-Street, opposite Mc Combs’ Tavern. Ali Advertisements published at the usual rates. [CJ a Each Citation by the Clerks of the Courts of Or dinary that application has been made for Letters of Ad ministration, must be published Thirty days at least. Notice by Executors and Administrators lor Debtors and Creditors to render in their accounts must be publish ed Six weeus. Sales of uegrocs by Executors and Administrators must be advertised Sixty days before toe day of sale. Sales of personal properly (except negroes) of testate and intestate estates by Executors and Administrators, must be advertised Forty days. Applications by Executors, Administrators and Guar dians to the cou:t of ordinary for leave to sell Land must be published Four months. . Applications by Executors and Administrators for Let ters Dismissory, must be published Six Mt)N 111 ' , p Applications I or foreclosure of- ' tate must be advertised once a month tor six ““J™®* Sales of real estate by Executors, Administrators and Guardians must be published Sixty days bclore tli- day of sale. Tinjse sates must be made at the court-house door between tLe hours of 10 in the morning usd four in the afternoon. No sate from day to day is valid, unless so expressed in the advertisement. Orders of Court of Ordinary, (uccampanied with a copy of vhe bond, or agreement) to make titles to Lund, must be advertised Three months at least. Sheriff's sales under executions regularly grunted by the courts, must be advertised Thirty hays. Sheriff’s sales under mortgage executions must be ad vertised Sixty days before the day of sale. Sheriff’s sales of perishable property under order of Court must be advertised generally Ten days. All Orders for Ad.erliscments will be punctually at tended to. %* All Letters directed to the office, or the Editor, must oe postpaid to entitle them to attention. MILLEDGEVILUBj GEORGIA, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1830. VOLUME 1, NUMBER 9. TO Is Air ITOHOa. T HE Copartnership in lhe PRACTICE ol ihe LAW, heretofore existing between Samuel Lcwlher Al fred Iverson, is this day dissolved by mutual consent— A. Iverson having transferred his interest in said Part nership to John L. Lewis. A Copartnership has been this day formed between Samuel Lowthek & John L Lewis, who will attend to Hie Practice of the Law in the Ocmulgcc, Flint and South ern Circuits. They will generally be found at their office fai Clinton, when not absent on ihe Circuit. A. Iverson will, during the present year, remove to Columbus, and practice Law in all the counties of the Chatahoocliie Circuit and in those of the Southern Cir- eint where his services may be required. The services of A. Iverson will be rendered in wintlingup the business ofLgwlher ft l»«soa I* lhe “^^Unv'THER. ALFRED IVERSON, JOHN L. LEWIS. Clinton, June 19, 1S30. 234urlm law nctxceT ~ VTIL-EY W. G-AXTHZR, AVING locate i himseif at McDonough, Henry L_—. county, tenders his Professional services to the b ic as Attorney and Counsellor at Law. He will at- >d the Cour.s of the various counties in the Flint Cir- •t. Aug 23 8 8t MTLLEDGEVILLE MASONIC HALL LOTTERY. On Thursday, the 4th day of November next, T l iE Tlilitlt DA - ’8 DRAWING wiil positive!) take place—at which time, the Wheel will be in such situation, as for holders of Tickets to reasonably calculate on some respectable prizes. A nobler chance for a fortune, in the way of Lottery, was never present ed lb the public. A'i who may feel disposed to purchase Tickets, would act wisely, to buy, in the Milledgeville Masonic Hall Lottery efhrethe next drawing. Thi.- Lot tery is at bo'ii*.*, an ! though you should be unfortunate, ihereis stiil the advantage that the muney will be in cir culation amongst us. and added to this, the chance is cer tainly very g>od tu realize ten or fifty limits the amount expended for Tickets. On examination of the different drawings, it will he seen that the small prizes are very much diminished, ieaviug in the Wheefi nearly all of the valuable ones—It wiil also be recollected, that the prizes under two hundred dollar*, were deposited in the wheel at the commencement of the drawing, and that there are yet to be deposited, prizes from two hundred up to 39,000 DOLLARS ! which certainly holds out the strongest inducement to pur- ei. users. At rite nezl Drawing the following Splendid Pri zes will be floating: 1 PRIZE OF fito,..<00 1 PRIZE OF $500 1 do it 10.000 l do if 500 I do ii 5,000 1 do ii 400 1 do a 1,000 l do ii 400 1 do ft 1,000 1 do ii 40C 1 do ft 900 1 do ii 300 I do u 900 1 do ii 300 1 do 4 • 800 1 do tf 300 1 do ii 800 1 do ii 200 1 do u 800 1 do ft 200 1 do tt 700 19 do ii too 1 do ft 600 37 do it 50 1 do ft 500 besides 20’s and 10’s. PRICE OF TICKETS. Wholes $10—Halves $5—Quarters $2 50. IdP” ORDERS addressed to Wyatt Foard, Secretary to ihe Commissioners, post-paid, will meet with prompt attention. WYATT FOABD, Milfedcevillc, July 17 Secretary to the Commissioners. tf NOTZCB. ’JTHWJ the temporary absence of the subscriber from Georgia, Col Samuel A. Wales cf Clarks- will attend to his Professional business. JOHN R. STANFORD, ly 3, 1830 235 J.YD 3C&XGESSZC2T 2’JSEKBSS. 'glilE undersign d guilefully acknowledge the liberal p patronage with which they have been luvored in the ibove line, and respectfully inform the public that they ontmue its transaction in the City, and that tluir fa ill j- h! and undivided attention will be devoted to the busi ness of their patrons. Liberal Cash advances may be expected on I reduce, ic. in Store, when de.-ired STOVALL & SIMMONS. Augusta, Aug 7, 1830 5 l'2t^ 2€!i!3!D!Cry&L* D OCTORS John M. McAfee and James B. Underwood, have associated them selves in the PRACTICE of PHYSIC, and its collateral branches, Surgery, Midwifery, &c. under the firm of Xft’AFRE & UNDERWOOD, One of whom will ba found ready at all times to attend to any professional calls. Their mileage or other charges will be moderate, as times arc hard. They hope from unremitting attention to the duties of their profession, to merit and receive a liberal share of the public patronage. N. B.—They will Practice in the Cherokee Nation when called on. McAFEE & UNDERWOOD. Gainesville, Hall county, May i, 1830 225—tf VALUABLE PLANTATION FOR SALE. T HE subscriber offers for sale on scenmmodatlng terms, his PLANTATION with all the improve ments thereon, situated about sixteen miles from Mil- ledgeville, on the road leading to Morening’s Ferry, in Wilkinson county. This tract of land contains five hun dred acres—about one hundred and fifty acres are clear cd. It is situated in a healthy and fertile section of coun try, and will no doubt suit purchasers. Those who feel dis posed to purchase can call on the subscriber living on the premises JONATHAN PEARSON. Wilkinson county, August 28, 1830 8 3t A NEW A1AP OF GEORGIA. T HE subscribers have now under the hands of tbe Engraver in Nevv-Ttork, a complete and splendid vlun of the State of Georgia, the greater part compiled rom actual survey, with all the districts carefully laid l,.wn and numbered, the whole completed with great la- <ar and exactness f.oin the latest and most authentic in- urmation, in a style not inferior to any thing of the kind et presented to the public, with a table of distances from he Seat of Government to every county site or place of mportance in the State. The districts in the new pnr- .hase and lower counties are all numbered in the corners, so as to enable a person to ascertain the exact situation af any lot of land, and will be painted and finished off in he neatest manner—apait of them canvassed, varnished ind i-laccdon rollers, the balance will be on thin paper nicelv folded in morocco covers, and will be for sale in Milledgeville by the first of Octobei next. Those on rol lers at Five Dollars, and the pocket map of the same size at Four Dollars. . ,. • Persons residing at a distance wishing to procure the map can do so bv sending by their members, as a suffi cient number of them will be kept in Milledgeville during the session of the Legislature. CARLTON WELLBORN, j u ] y 3i ORANGE GREEN. r HE SUBSCRIBER is preparing a Defence of the following Doctrines: 1. The Doctrine of Election, which is faiily proved y scripture and its use shown. 2. The Doctrine of the Covenant of Redemption. roved by scripture and reason, and its use show n. 3. An answer to the Rev. Cyrus White on the Atone- :ent, in which liis “views” arc fairly refuted by scrip- ire and reason. 4. The Author’s Views on Associations—in which he esigns to shew that Associations are not conducted ac- orcin w to scripture—AH which will shortly he published y LUKE ROBINSON, of Newton to. Ga. * May 29, IS30 230 "GEORGIA—-WALTON COUNTY. a the Honorable the Inferior Court of said County, sit- V ting for Ordinary purposes. [ T appearing to the Court, that Benjamin Selman, late of Morgan county, deceased, in bis lifetime, executed s obligation to John Sclman, then of Clark county, but tc of Walton county, deceased, bearing date the 30th me 1821, conditioned to make a good and lawful war- ntee Title to lot number one hundred and seventy-two, the tenth district of Habersham county:—And, it ap- arino- that both the said Benjamin Selman and his Ad- inistrator, and the said Johe Selman died without cxe- iting titles in conformity with said Bond, It is therefore ordered by the Court, That William W. Biman, Administrator, de bonis non, of said Benjamin Biman, deceased, make titles to John H. Lowe, Admin- trator of the laid John Selman, deceased, in conformi- with the conditions of said bond. A true extract from the minutes this 3d May, 1930. JESSE MITCHELL, c. c. o. ouiy j 5 228 Cm Medical Institute of Georgia. T HE first Session of this Institution, which opened iri Augusta, on the 1st cf October last, closed on the 3d Monday in May loilewing. The Executive Com mittee are happy in lining able to stale that the pledges to ihe public contained in the Circular of the last year have been faithfully redeemed by a most profitable course of instruction. Although the Legislature, at its last Session, passed an Act to alter the nameol the Medical Academy of Georgia, ic. granted to the Board of Ti ustees of tbe M edicaL In stitute cf Georgia, the power of conferring the degree of Doctor of Medicine; the Executive Committee think it advisable, Tor the present, that the operation!) of the Institute continue on the iQcademic Arrangements of the last Session. The Committee feci justified by the experience of the past Session, which ofiordc-d a lair test of the plan of in struction adopted in this institution, in believing that the combined Course* of Study here adopted, aff-rd to the Pupil advantages in rapid advancement in the acquisition of Medical knowledge, and in economy of time and mo ney, nor elsewhere to be found. Such is the plan of Instruction in the Medical Insti tute of Georcia, that it is suited as well tj tbe begin ning, as the more advanced Pupil, and that no private slu dy in profession is necessarily required before * nteriag the Class. The Committee earnestly recommend to all who intend to devote their attention to the study of Medicine, first to possess themselves of a good knowledge of the Latin and Greek Languages, in addition to a good English Educa tion, including a general knowledge of Natural Philoso phy and Mathematics. The Academic hours, during which all Pupils will be expected to he lound in the Institution duly engaged in their Studies, will, from the autumnal to the Vernal equi nox, be from 9 to 12 a. m and from 2 to 5 p. m.; and from the Vernal to the Autumnal, from 8 to 12 a. m. and .2 to 6 p.m. The Course of Studies combines in the same Institution, a regular system of Private Study, consisting of Medical Reading, Examinations, and Anatomical Exercises, with a. Regular Course of Lectures on all ihe branches of Med icine, with appropriate demonstrations, <? c. Two Lec tures will be daily delivered before the Class during Acad emic hours, (Sunday’s excepted,) from the 1st Monday in October to the 3d Monday in May. During the other four months, such Students as will remain, will be em ployed in regular Reading and Examinations: Students can be accommodated with Rooms fjr private Reading in the Institution j and such order, at all times, preserved by the Steward, as to prevent any interruption to Studies. Good Board will be furnished by the Steward who re sides at the Institution, at the very moderate price of $9 per month without, and $10 25, xoilh Lodging. Board will be expected to be paid for monthly, or quar terly, in advance, as may be agreed cn between Student and Steward. A Competent Library is supplied, without any necessary expense to the Pupil, for the purchase of Books, except Pocket Volumes. The Tickets of Admission to the benefits of the Insti tute, will be $100, payable in all cases, as usual, in ad vance. The Annual Examination of the Class is held on the 3d Monday in May. Lectures will be delivered by the following Gentlemen: M. ANTONY, M. D. On the Institutes and Practice of Medicine, and on Mid- wiferii. and the Diseases of Women and Children. J J L. D. FORD, M. D. On Chemistry and Materia Medico. J. A. EVE. M. D. On Anatomy, and on Surgery JOB PRINTING, NEATLY EXECUTED AT THIS OFFICE. PHYSIOLOGY. August 28 j. g. McWhorter, m. d. j Exeeulivt JOHN DENT,. M D. > Committee. MILTON ANTONY, M. Z>. ) L DR. GORMAN S ADDRESS, Before the Medical Faculty and Society of Phil adelphia, being an enquiry into the Philoso phy or Nature and Relations of Life. with the view to appreciate and discriminate between the laws purely physical, and the vi tal laws, in the phenornina of organization; and to determinate the Nature of Disease, of Therapeutical Agents, &c. [concluded.] When we consider the number of diversified agents and the immense circuit of their action, to which life is subjected; and that the power, with which it reacts is limited, exhaustible, and vegetative—that it loses at each reaction, while what acts upon it loses nothing, should we be astonished, that at last, it opposes no longer, and yields to I he unequal contest—that in tbe bosom of nature there should be erect ed a tomb for man! Chemical affinity is itself indirectly a bound less source of stimulations to life. We know the physiological effects of bodies are decis ively altered, and modified by the slightest va riation in the quantities of the ingredients, which combine for their formation. Witness the chlorides of Mercury, the sulpbated and phospbated salts, 4*c. The power and inten sity of the modifying action of bodies, in many respects, appear to bear no proportion to their weight and bulk or to the quantity Who can tell what would be the therapetical dose of that poison, which originates Typhus Fever, Small Pox, Rubeola. Pestis Vera, &c. or of Mal aria or Marsh Efluvia, which in tropical and citratropical countries, cut sudd nlyjoose the fetters of death, enrage and infuriate him in the dreadful autumnal ievers to which they give rise of which, were it not ostentatious, I could exclaim, as did Pius zEneas, in his ad dress to the beautiful Queen of Carthage, "Magna pars fui " But to write out and individualize, were we able, all the philological effects of matter in all its various properties, and modifications would be to compose a most voluminous treatise. As other subjects are pressing for descanta- tion we must coutent ourselves with stating, that all the actions, of which it is capable, viewed in relation to the states of vitality, are but three; salutiterous, morbific, therapheutic. And that the slightest inspection of the situa tion ot living brings, will show us, that they are very conveniently disposed to receive its impressions. We see them immersed, and live, for the most part, either in a fluid br gas- seous Ocean, which to multiply its powers, and give it greater efficiency, continually imbibes the fumes or exhalations of foreign bodies, but particularly, ot the sun The earth and the media, in which they live, -c«»tinnMly lrao|» «j. .< reaction upon them equal to the weight of their organized masses. Even did we know nothing of them, the most superficial observa tion of the various ways, in which they are formed, and accommodated to the contact and intercourse of matter, would be sufficient for us to conclude, a priori, their existence is close ly interwoven and dependent upon it. They are, in the expressive phraseology of Cuvier, foci or vortices, which continually imbibe and throw it off again. Some of its properties, I may observe, life employs without moitifica- tien, tor the fulfilment of its own purposes.— Such are elasticity, extension, inertia. Gravi ty operates both for and against it, entirely modified in its effects by the animal’s natural upright posture or horizenfality. The influ ences of the separate properties of matter upon 'he living economy, were they not often so blended together, would constitute the best foundation for pathological classification; and perhaps, one day, when better understood they will prove to be the true basis for this classifi cation It deserves to be noticed, that matter in a fluid or gasseous state, offers to life the most decidedly intense and powerful stimulations’ as light, caloric electricity, galvanism, the poi sons, l have mentioned. It would likewise appear, but I do not know that any valuable thought can be struck out from the coinci dence, that the greatest energy and activity of life, are displayed in its fluid substances Contrarily however, there are some, who suppose, over the fluids, certain solids, and particularly fibrinc, eijoy the hightest degree of superviiahty. All animals, we know, are reproduced in a fluid or semifluid state, the so lids afterwards to be gradually developed.— Solidity, therefore, is not essential to animali ty. Could we trace an atom, from the mo ment it penetrates the vital p> riphery, through all the gradations of alimentation up to the so lid or tissual state; it is highly probable, we should find the vital force, by which it moves, weaken upon it sometime before it reaches this state. There are a good many circumstances, which w’ould induce us to believe, the time it remains in this state, varying however in the different tissues, is extremely short; we cannot tell how long, perhaps it may not be a moment. If then life acts with its greatest force in these solids, just ia proportion to this force would be the suspension of tbe activities of its physical properties; and the power, which brought it thither, still increasing in strength, ought to maintain it in its place But far from being maintained, it retrogrades soon to the fluid state again, to be thrown out into the great vomitory, whence it came. Perhaps, then, we ought to regard the solids as the extreme of life’s efforts, where the vi tal force fades and becomes weakened; and this force, which projects atoms through all the grades of assimulation up to this last state, as becoming, in many instances, so exhausted by the efforts it has made, as to be unable to return them back through absorption, by the same way, they entered. What then would be the consequence? Precisely what often happens. These atoms miscarried of the vi tal powers, and left infiltrated among the tis sues, would act as extraneous matter upon the living atoms around tbciDj create phlogout t and give rise to the various classes of tumors, and exanthematous diseases, whose pathology is now so dark. In confirmation of this view of the subject, we know that little tumors and pustules, fre quently make, their appearance upon places, whose living energies had been previously re duced by the application of blisters and siaa- pisms. The idea, then, of organization, is that of atoms,, impelled by a specific power, which pass through a regular series of changes; then pass out; so that the motion of life is vibrato ry forwards and backwards, the state of soli dity or of tissue constituting one extreme of the scale of vibratory movement, the physical state, the zero or the ether extreme. Audit is highly probable, as I before have said, nay, almost certaio, that these atoms find no repose in any part of fife’s dynamical system, but pass rapidly from change to change, until they a:e again delivered up to the sway and dominion of their own material economy. Were these atoms to tarry, or in other words, were they not winged with the most inconceivable velo city through our organization, what must be the consequence, since we know that life in a single mao, during his ordinary age, organizes at least, Irom six to seven hundred thousand pounds of them. I had intended to illustrate my subject by unfolding the prospect, which, the cultivation of infinitissiinul anatomy holds out to patholo gy aud therapetics; and by considering the the- rapentic action of medicines in connection with the morbific and salutiterous action of mate rial bodies in general, but time does not allow'. To conclude: We know nothing of matter, but as the cause of our ideas. Every sense gives us some distinct intimation of its exis tence, and our ideas are limited by the senses. It is reasonable, therefore, if there was a furth er modification of the nervous matter of our frames, creating new senses in addition to the ones, we Bow possess; just in proportion we should discover new properties in matter. IIovv short do all our reasonings stop in con sequence! How precious and narrow the en closed Emits of well ascertained truth; and how wide and variegated, in all the sciences, docs the field of theory expand around it!— Every moment, we sec events transpire round us, of which we can give no account. They must he connected with causes; and the cau ses are the properties of things, of which our senses afford us no information In like man ner, often when it is little expected by us, we see patients suddenly revive to the impression* of external agents, or lose all reaction in death, showing us we are as ignorant of the intima e nature of vital, as of the physical movements of matter. But while we cannot hope to attain to an in timate knowledge of cither, we may yet in quire what is the nature of that energy flow ing out of bodies to impel life to action. Is it specific? A power attached to body, which answers no purpose, accomplishes no end in the material economy? The supposition would involve a tax, an expense upon nature; and is contrary to analo gy. It is then, simply the efforts, which tna- lerial bodies put forth in tbe conservation ol their own existence, in fulliiliug the designs ol their own economy, which impel the vital me chanism to action; and sensibility and contrac tility are only the avenues, through which these efforts pass to produce their effects: in other words, an adaptation on the part oflife to re ceive them. The action of one body upon another, so well as language will express it, causes that body to put forth the same efforts, as the one which acted upon it b 'irig of a homologous na ture. That is, when ouc body exerts gravita tion, extension, &c. upon another it occasions that body to gravitate, extend, exercise vis in ertia et cetera. But, for a contrary reason, when a body exerts these same forces upon life, it does not cause it, like another body, to gravitate, to extend, but to secrete, circulate, exhale,—in a word, to organize. The influ ence of one body felt in another, revive* the sums influence to be reciprocated, but felt by life, undergoes modification; and what in the one instance would have been the display of corporeal functions, now in the ether, becomes, the display of vital functions. And nature has made it easy, through contractility and sensi bility, for the actions of material bodies, to pnoo, a ii >i bcvuim. uuuoiuiuicu iuio iue actions of her living creatures, to which, they are the bread of existence. The exertions of every body throughout the material universe, con tinually expend themselves in giving origin to similar exertions in other bodies. Their exer tions upon life are expended in giving rise to organization, and all its phenomena. Full of this idea, whose plan ranges through the illimitable mechanism of worlds, nature has constructed animals accordingly; and it is plainly manifested in every part of their de vice. What admiration for the science.and wisdom displayed in constructing the scheme for animal causation! If it be not so as I have said,—if living be ings be not formed in relation and accommo dation to the physical properties of material bodies, w'hose modifications determine the mo difications of their forms and properties, caus ing their device to be what we behold it—to what end? Why do we see wings and lungs in the air, fins and gills in the water? Why such a diversity of instinct—of understand ing—of apparatus? But i forbear. POLITICAL. A reverend old gentleman used frequently and strongly (o recommend prudence in con versation. ‘ You should always thick twice be fore you speak orice,” was his favorite mot to. One evening a negro servant, to whom his advice had often been, given, and some times rather sharply, thus proved his obedi ence:—“Massa I think once Massa, 1 hink twice Massa t think three times, -year wig is on firs.’* FROM THE GEORGIA JOURNAL. MR. WIRT TO GOVERNOR GILMER. Baltimore, June 4-th, 1830.. Sir—A just respect lor the State of Geor gia, and a desire to avoid a misconstruction which might be attended with evil consequen ces, seem to me to call lor a communication which, under other circumstances, might well be deemed officious and intrusive. The ex citement with regard to the Indians within your borders is already so high, and, m this stale of feeling, measures of the most innocent charac ter are so easily misapprehended aud convert* ed into causes of offence, that I persuade my self your Excellency will at least approve the motive of this fi tter as u measure of peace. The Cherokee Nation have consulted me. professionally, as to their rights under their va rious treaties with the United States. Among other questions they have asked me whether, under the federal constitution, laws and trea ties, the State of Georgia has the right to ex tend her laws, compulsively, into their nation; and whether this question can or cannot be carried for decision to the Supreme Court of the United S.ates? I aoi fully aware of the se rious import of these questions, and regret ex ceedingly that they have arisen. I foresee distinctly the disastrous consequences which may be made to flow from giving the contro versy this direction: and yet if it be met and conducted with proper temper, as 1 trust it will, it is quite as apparent that it may prove the means ol peace and reconciliation. 1 have not sought this consultation. It has been cast upon me in the common and regular practice of my profession; aud according to my under standing ot my professional duties, I am uol at liberty to refuse either by advice or services to any one who comes to consult me on his le gal rights, and who has nothing more in view than the assertion of those rights according to the course of the laws of the land. It is my misfortune to differ with the con stituted authorities of the State of Georgia, on the question of her power to extend her laws into the Cherokee Nation: aud the late debates in Congress will have satisfied your Excellen cy that in this opinion I am not siugular, but that 1 hold it in common with many of the most distinguished lawyers on our contineut We may he wrong: and, as infallibility is not the lot of mortals, those who hold the opposite o- pinion may possibly be wrong. Fortunately there exists a tribunal before which this diffe rence of opinion may be quietly and peaceably settled, and to this tribunal 1 think it may be regularly referred. I perceive that in the de bates to which 1 have alluded a mistaken hu manity has hpp»» euppoQ«j to warp the judg ment on one side of this question, and interest on the other. In the Supreme Court of the United States, we shall find a tribunal as impar tial and as enlightened as can be expected on this earth; or ii partiality can be supposed to find its w r ay into that high tribunal, on any oc casion, it is not on such a one as tins, that the Cherokee Nation have a right to expect it in their tavor. To them the Courts of the United States are Foreign Courts, while they are the Domestic Tribunals ot the States of the Union I have told those people that 1 am wit hug t^ ussi*t them in bringing their rights for final de cision before the Supreme Court of the Uuiter* States on the condition that they conduct themselves peaceably towards the people of Georgia, and of th - United States, and that they make the question purely a question ot law for our Courts: but that I will abandon them and their cause on the first aggressiou by violence on the white people around them which shall be authorised by their nation, it is but ju&tice to add that in those of the nation who have been with me, and who compose the delegation that have been at Washington through the winter, l have not discovered the slightest disposition to violence. They are ci vilized and well informed men—they wear our dress—speak our laDguage correctly, and in their manners indicate all tbe mildness and much of-the culture and courtesy of our owu best circles Tiicy assure me that their peo ple at home have abandoned the habits ofsar* age life and subsist by agriculture and the oth er usual and peaceful pursuits of civil zed so cieties. They profess, and I believe, with en tire sincerity, to be willing to make the ques tions of pure law r , tor the decision of our own t~, uu j <m i perceive ov tne reported de bate in Congress that a measure of this sort has been anticipated, and that one of your en lightened Senators in that body expressed a strong, and without doubt, a sincere conviction that tbe decision of the Judiciary would, if it should ever be asked, be in favor of the right of the Stale to legislate over the Cherokee na tion, 1 cannot but indulge the hop6 that in pro posing to bring this question before the Su preme Court, 1 shall have advised a measure, more pleasing than other wise, to the State of Georgia. Be this as it may, I cannot reconcile it to my own sense of propriety to have any agency in this affair without apprisingyour Excellency frankly and respectfully, of what is intended. I desire to have it distinctly understood, on every hand, that neither these people nor the;.' counsel aim at any thing more in this move ment, than an open, peaceable and respect A;. appeal to the opinion of our own Courts, the Courts of the Union. Your Excellency will not understand me ae. asking or expecting that yon will take tbe trou bleto answer this letter. My object is singL and sincere; it is simply to avoid all appear ance of concealment, and all misapprehension or surprise on the part of the State of Georgia, by advising your Excellency fairly and openly, of the measure in contemplation and by assu:- ing you that there is no other purpose m vteu than a quiet, peaceable and respectful refer ence of the questions of law and right ia de pute between the State of Georgia and the Cherokee People, to the highest Court of ot^.' nation, the Supreme Court ol the U. States,'