Georgia Historic Newspapers

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mrrfi fSPBPAT« UNION
TUB JS i,*l iHRfcK DOLLARS per an-
1s publiaheo * fop.,7/- not paid before the end of the
we“’ “til'dSee »* ®» Wayne-Street, opposite Mc-
e< ?Jf^o V Eft E r ifeME!tTs published at the usual rates.
-p £tch Citation by the Clerks of the Courts of Or-
.. application has been made for Letters of Ad-
<Bioi^trAtidO r ro HSt be published Thirty oats at least.
N dice by Executors and Administrator* for Debtors
ani q.-editors to reader is their accounts tnuslbc [uibiuh?
Six weeks.
SaL-s o(' negroes by Executors and Administrators must
be advertised Sixty days before the day of satp-
Sties of personal property (except negro* s) of trstat*-
an I intestate estates by Executors and Administrators,
;n ist be advertised Forty cays.
Applications by Executors, Administrators and Guar
di ins to 'hs court of ordinary for leave to scli Land must
be published Four months.
Applications by Executors and Administrators for Let
ters Dis.nissory, must be published Sir months. *
Applications ior for< closure of Mortgages on real Es
tate must be advertised once a month Air Six months.
Sales of real estate by Executors, Administrators and
Guardians must be published Sixty days before the day
of sale. Tuese sales must be made at the court-house
dour between the hours of 10 in the morning and four in
Xbc afternoon. N > sale from day to day is valid, unless
»o expressed in the advertisement.
Or ders of Court of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy
of >.he bond, or agreement) to m&kc titles to Lund, must
be advertised Three months at least.
Sheriff’.* sales under executions regularly granted by
the courts, must be advertised Thirty days.
Sheriff’s sales under morig-».*e executions mustbead-
vertis :d Sixty days before the day of-ole.
Sheriff’s sales of perishable property under order of .
G-Jurt m ist be advertised generally Ten data.
AW '*ao®Rs for A'JtcrlhemettU will be punctually at
tended to. .'
** + AW Lexers directed to i lie office, or the Editor,}
must bo postpaid to entitle them to attention.
MILLEBCEVayS, GEORGIA, , SATURDAY, DECEMBER 86, 1830.
TOLUME 1, Kl’MBER <8.
BARGAINS.
W ILL be sold, at public auction, in the town of
Miiledgtvilie, on VVEDNE>DAY, the 89’h Of
December next, the Public House and Lot in suid town,
Known as :
_ .to
WITH A C NSIDERABIE QUANTITY OF ;
House and Kite hoi, Furniture.
It i» top well known to need description,-and persons,
wishing to purchase, art requested to call and examine
the premises.
Also, the corner STORE &. LOT in said tatvn,
at present occupied by Tucker, &. Co. and Billy
WooUlia; the Barber.
Also, the HOUSE aad LOT at present occupied by
Mr. liomcr V. ! Toward, in said town.
SEABORN JONr.Sl
November ?0 20 5t ’
7T
PRESIDENTS beessage.
(concluded.]
Among the numerous causes of congratula-
toil, the condition'of enr impost revenue de
serves special mention, in Us much as it promi
ses the means of extinguishing the public debt
sooner than was anticipated, and furnishes a
strong illustration of (lie practical effects oi
the present tariff upon our commercial:inte
rest's.' ’ ’
The- object cf the Tariff is' objected to by
Some as Ucconstitutionnl; and it i>: consider'd!
W almost all ustlefective in many of its parts
The power to impose duties on imports ori-
grnally belonged to live several Slates. The
right to adjust those duties with a view to the
encouragement ofdomestic branches, of indus
try, is 60 completely inchfehtaJto Vhat. power,
that it is difficult to suppose the" existence oi
thcLone without tire otlifer. Tlie States have
delegated theiy whole autS.o.fiiy over imports
All ELECTION
WILL be held at the Court-House in
this place oa Saturday, he 1st day of
January rn-xt. fot an-INTEND VNT
A FOUR COM '.ilHSIUNElLS for the
government of the town of Milledgi villt for the v pr - r eigbr
teen bundled arid Hdrty-one.
s-\MUF.fc ROCKWELL, Iatendqnt.
Ezt.xir.L F Park. Secretary.
Vonwi'sviL'Um' H U, >
Millrdi-eviyu, l2<-h Dee. 1S9D: I 24 3t
We are requested to say, that
Mr. CHARLES l>. HAMMOND,-
is a car>dida f c for rc-cltctior. to the
Odi-.o if deceiver df Tax Returns, fur the d<it*rdy of
B( du.in,.»i to* nextelecrtcn,
Oct I ,Jj>
jfcj* We are authorised to announce
HENoY B. MFRSHON, F,sq. is a Candid :te for Dis-
U i,-t v -ixyor at the election on the 1st Monday in. Jan-
can nrxt. Drct mber 13
T2, are r»t!i-vrised to'cnnonhce B.ARADLLL P.
STUB* 3, Esq. a s a can lidatr fur Tax C id lector
,vin c lunly, at the F.lectmu in January next.
<r 30 17 * tf
_ A17CU9TA, GEORGIA.
rpiIF* SUB.vCKIBER, (late jn op; i. lor oi " the’Globe
Hotel, and mere recently of the Mansiae House,)
| begs leave to announce Je his friends and the | uldic gen
erally, that he has taken that elcgant-and cem medians hh
proof Brick Budding on the corner of Broad and lackscn
streets, and iinnK'diatciy adjoining the new Masonic HalL
It re situated rn the most « ntraLpart cf the City, and is
in he very heart cf business—being in the vicinity of the
\ugusta Bank, find the Branch bauk of the Stale o( Geor-
This establishment is known as the GLOBE HOTEL,
and in its interior arrangcnient.aud general construction,
unites in an eminent degree, spaciousness, neatness, and
comfort. To the man cf family, the individual traveller,
the daily honr^r, or the fashionable visitor, the GLORF
pi esenUjicci'inuiodatioim inferioj lo nouc in the Southern
^tutes.
Having condo»ted for a number of years, two am«n>R tl»e
.rtost nopulai lfoteis id this City, Ire iltflters hisnsi If that
ins eXp< ricncc iri,business, added to the supeiioradvanta
ges oT sUoaijou and the icsources under bis controul. will
enable hip to give the most decided satisfaction to oil
who rr.aj. honor him with thefr patronage.
Hfs STABt.ES are spacious and well venlilHted, and
cmply supplinl with the' lest of provender, and at
tended "by txpmicnced and steady Ostlers—in addition
to which, the subscriber Will bestow bis own personal un
remitting attention, and la his charges, will not forget the
prcssUTc of ilifc times.
Xo
; >,■
■S i -
ofiii
i .vre requested to anfiOimce the name oi vllf.L-
i \ H 1>. 8C0GGIN,. E^q. a* a candidate, for
..Tiff U ild.viii county at the iiex( ♦ i.tttion f ircoQivty
C fs. ' Novemb'er C
V
A CAlifi. ^
IE f p i«n:ls'of the .siibscrincr ivlio hol-J subsfriptidn
l:*-s Tor ;:i■. Curr^in Cftiisfian Repertory, arc rc-
4) f-ted iyf>r<vatd tdera iatfuediuiciv' in m ivi or other
wise. v ii.‘CATERS.
KLieipi,' Nov'embey 2 1 G 30 19
ralire <ni wrrilx'r co'v ofersjiis LANDS ap-l FLAN.
Jj fATlO N in Biifb county, 2 1-2 as ties above Ma
con far sale, whjvh areas fu|fuvv>>; Slid r.cr<-s«. 300 of
vtii -ii are clean-1 and' y6ry prcd ictiv. hirxdo tlic Hast
side of tire Omu Ig.e above tiie "town,* Ji¥eri1y < v »* the riv-
cr- Any person witiiihg to purchase, «ouhl db we'll to
catpe aiul view the premise?, ns 1 flatter In)8: tf. but few
if auy jaor/wh-vjtaMat>1 aoV.tidu.-. are inlJ'Lvuiniiy t f .VIq-'
con, apJ a vcvy^i'JU Fi*h< rv -Ls on iLnn same; t(ie Lands
Bn- veil Umbofeti,' the pi urtaticn rvAitMier good rj*pairs,
With cod veil ienFr :tb i 113*ir«d -GheHouiw, with tamnVfruli
trees, and no iraetef Laud i:> Ore sute isau-tW r i.aft.iei'.
. ' LUKE ltl^S.
Mie-n, .V<-( 3 19 , ‘2m
L.JLND^ FOR SAX.U,
fl£ subp(jribar i ff rs for sale the fell iwiiig TR^CTb
OF LlL\'D } wind! will Lr» sc!d low fur casn or cr.
asliUrt credit:
\-C3^ The Ghmlesion Stages arrive nt the Globe IJo
tel, every Sundayv Wednesday and Friday evenings, at C
o’clock-,-& depart every Tuesday, Tlmrsday and Saturday
morning, «at hu!fpnst9. The Washington and Athens
Stage, departs every Tuesday and Saturday morning, at
3 o'clock, and arrives every Wednesday and Sunday eve
ning at 6 tTeioek, Tlie Elberton Stage depart* every
Sunfloy morning, at 4 o’clock, and aVrives every. Frida;
c'-cning ?rt G. Tim Pendleton Stage departs every Tues
day, at 4 o’clock in the morning, and arrives i very Mon
day at 2 o’clock in the evening. The Mi1ledg“viilc Stage
a reives every dny ijicept 3'lnirsday, at 7n’clockin the eve
ning, ond itepmts cveiy dsy except Wednesday, 'at 2 o'
clock In the mornifig. The-Savannah Stage urrivt« eve
ry ondiy Wednesday and Friday, nt 10 o’clock ln”the
morning, and departs every Sunday, Tuesday and Thurs
day, at 2 o'clock inf be morning.
TVILUAJM SHANNON.
I, tS-2J>
CALL ANJ> SEE!
Tllli Subscriber respectfully -informs
lualWend* and the public in general, that
hejyta op’-ned'n noi ;t; E of ..v
EETTBa.TAINItxNET
in (.AiinocwTUN, t.'airuil to. iity, Gj. nnd
fljttct.T h»)ns. If that be will give as gener
?^U.
3ca.
in tlie
L-l D si'
F.ar’.y r,ow Baker county,
|’i
3 0,
fhh
Early, '. '
4<
3U,
'ft
l'4lli
du.
Eariy, . .
it
Iti3,
u
2d
do.
Ap[)!tr.g. ■ . - \
41
jac,
41
7ili
do.
Hatirt rti now Crawlora,
1ST.
Cl
3 J
d>i.
Doo y, .
i Sot. No.
201. t
'■rtnj’r
Ty: Monroe od«. P.-ke etrpntj.,
No.
12,
tu tiit
: 2 F Dist
.Tioqpnoiv <ie; ti.’et.ier,
4C
241,
H
5iw
do.
Triwqj county, .
«1
1 t5,
"* 11
24 b
do.
Moscogee uoo Tuibot,
11
370,
li
do.
Leei nov* Randol;>b,
U
J9’.,
11
23tli
do.
Lee,.
•a
53,
If
3d
do.
E l> ly now Bilker,
it
172,
13 h
'!0.
EjrSy,
Cl
254,
Cl
I-4--1*
do.
do.
Cl
as,
11
70i
do.
Dor.y,
«l
ies,
.(I
7;h
do.
• ds..
(T
41
•Jfu
do..
Alonroc now PikQ,
4c
52,
c i
7tii
do
. Gwinnett, . ’ -
Cl
36,
it
C:h
do.
Troc|>,
Cl
8i,
<c
%h
do.
Cmvt*t;l,
fl
219,
H
4lb
do.
Muscogee nojv Marion,
I*
i%
'll
2GU)
do.
Lee,
If
Gi,
4i
Idib
di>.
Muscogee no-y Harris.
al sutWnclioii to ulllhat ;i:ij favor him wit i,. their patron
age aa «ny Oilinf Inn-Keeper in as newly settled gauntry
.as this— Though Uarroli county has t>tu:n kept iivtljc bock
ground, defiwned and sliaded by reports, ? yet I hope all
i. ill so an lift Mown away by tiie s»i\shine of virtue, nur
tured by the Gospel of Clwisi, and the instruction of .art*
nnd stir net s—So t:»H and see C. McCARTY.
April 24 225—— tf
TFb^
f UtiiT
IS! IS
m
I HE SU BSCRIBER
fILL keeps open a rh>uif vf Entertainment,
l^fl at the south-west corner of the public square
in the t/snOr-of Marion Twiggs county, nnd only
pledges himself to those who thay favor him wth their
calls, to do Hie best he can. HENRY LOYI.F.SS.
i. Marion. Sept lO - II . * tf
Apply to ihe sabscribar at CarntsViRc, Franklin c >u ity.
JAMES MORRIS.
Der mb< r II 23 *- 8t .
Newnau Acu. ’emy.
T he t rupees of this Institollon with plea sure-no-
nnoqeeth the public ’flu’ll' they haW engaged for
the cn-uing year, ti.c IMv. JOSF.PH ^ALEXANDER, of
OgltthoVp county, ns UeO pr rf the-Academy, w-hog**
Jang experience and w'eH l.iforrh mpatdfy, they trast will
insure to the Institution the rounUrnanc£ and support of
the friends of lkeratufc iu gen* fM, as well ns the patron
age of parents and, guardin'ns of e^i dr**n. '
From pagt experiertee, as y-tdr is from tlie situation of
(lie town, within tlie Vorporufe limits <>f which The Acad-'
emy Js situated, the Trustees tovq every -reason'to be
lieve that no vdla^ejn til' westind -counties can enjoy
more of Hid inestiraahle Klessuiy^ bcejth, for they ere
Dot appria**«j off a single case i f Fervor that lias occured io
the town since ll»c first settling of the place hi t4«c spring of
1828^ and it is believed tbar«io death has taken pGee
within the corptn ate Ibwils sliTce that time, >xecpt of tin
infant. - -
Moreover,the rcitgious arfd moral habits of the ntizrns
of the place, are sueV ws -tKirnrntly recommend it#s a
Duitahle residence for young gentlemen nnd ladies.
The School wilTbe open for the recept ion of pupils or.
<lie fir si Monday Ri ^aiH* vy nfict, at tlie following rales
Ibr Tuition: ' ~ ^ ' ,. v
Reading, Writing;£e, Arftbmetir, (per quarter) $2 50
English Grammar,'G-ugiapby, Hiito/y, liliei-
oric and Philosophy,. ‘ ® ^9
The Latin hnd Greek Language*, - 7W
By order of the Board of Trutk*, _ j
- JAMRS THOMPSON, Setretary.
' ?3 * , - v r ■',
> ,- 'T-
DecethbevlL
«
LANS Deeds, of an approved farrt, neal!^priii
1 ted ood fov cple at this -pec §»
.jRF.O.RGL-t—Henry county.
W HEREAS/Lylha Joiner and Woodward Join
er have applied to me for Liters of administra
tion on the estate of John Joiner, late of said
county, deceased: u
These r.i c therefore to cite and admonish all and eingn-
lar the kindred red creditors of said deceased, to be an ’
appear at ray r-fii c within ‘.lie ’kne prescribed by law, to
shew cause, if -ry they hare, »why said letters should npt
be granted Given under mv haivl, this 15th day of No
vember 1830. GUY W. S^ITH, d c. o.
Nov 27 ' 21 5f
C A t EGilGIA, Walloncouuiy—Bryant Laneapph. i ij-
3C me ff*r letters of Administration on the estate of
Sar<.(; Lane, latc of said .county, deceased:
This is therefore to cite the kindred and creditor? of
said deceased, to appear nt mv office within the time pre
scribed by law, and file their objections, if any they Imve,
why said letters should not be gry nted.
Given undgr my hand, this -2d day of Novcmber^lS30.
JESSE MITCHELL, <; c. o.
Nov 27 2L . ' — ■ 5t
GE r >RGlA—Dooly county.
W HEREAS, William Hilliard applies to me.fqr let
ters of Adminisrtra'icjn on the the estate of Cbar-
iotle Hilliard,' minor, late of said county, deceased:
These arc therefore to cite and admonish all' and sin
gular the kindred and creditors of said deceased, to l»e
ami appear at my office, w» l h> n R 1 ® time prescribed by
law, to slicu cause, if any they have, why said letters
should not bi grant' d. Given andibr my hand, this 13f1i
day of November, 1830.
(2tt—51) THOMAS IL KEY, c. c.o.
GEORGIA—P*i1aeki county.
W HEREAS, Furney F. Gatlin and Sessoms Per
kins, administrators of Joseph B. Coalson, late
of said county, deceased, applies tome for letters
pf dismissi nr
Thi* | 8 therefore to cite the kindred and credibors uf
sai't dec**! to bt and appear at my office, within tho time
.prescribed by low, to she** cause, if any they pave> wBjs
'ai'lhtters of dismission sliould no) lie grbntedr.
Given under mv hand tliji i2th Novoaiber, 1830.-
mQ^. JOSEPH CARRUTHERS, c. c. o
by which portions of (lie country fee!, or con-]
ceive themselves to be oppressed. Wbat
more incalculably important, the vital princi
ple of oor system—I hat principle which re
quires acquiescenccs in The will of the majiri
ty—would be secure from the discredit and
danger to which H is "exposed by the acts of
majorities^ founded, not-on identity of convic
tion, but on combination of small minorities,
entered into f‘ir the purpose of mutual assis
fanfec in measures which, resting solely on their
own merits, could never be carried-
I am Well aware that this is a subject of so
much delicacy, on account of the extended' in
tefcsls its-inv'olves, as to require that it should
he touched with the utmost caution; and that,
While- an abandonment of the policy in which it
originated—a policy coeval with the Govern-,
ment; and pursued through successive admin
istrations, is neither to be ex pected nor desired*,
the people ha ve- a right to demand, and Ira ve
to the General Quverntneiit, Without limitation jdemanded, 4ha£it bq so modiAed as to correct
•ir reslricttotir saving the very tncoiiskjerable abuses and ofiviate injustice,
reservation relating to their inspection laws. That odr deliberations on this interesting
Tnis authority having thus entirely passed subject should he influenced by those partisan
from the States, (he right to exorcise it for! conflidls that :tre incident to free institutions,
the purpose of protection does uot exist in • is the fervent wish ef tny heart. To make this
them; u:id, consequently, ifl't t>e not possesseti [great question, which unhappily so much di
hv theGeher.il Government, it must be extinct
Our political system would thus present tire
anomaly of a people stripped of the right to
lostor their own industry, and fo counier;vct
the most selfish anddestructive policy Which
m g'-t. be adopted hj foreign nations.* This
sun-ly cannot be the case; this indispensable
[idwer. thus surrendered by the States must
be within the scope of the authority on the
subject expressly delegated ti> Congress.
In this conclusion I am confirrned as well
by the opinions dl^Presidents .Washington* Jof
terson, Madison, and Monroe* who hav.e each
repeatedly recommended t he exercise of this
right under the Constitution, as hy.tho uniform
pr:icl;co ot Congress; the continued acquies
cence of the States, aud thc gciicralilndur-
s an-ing of the people.
The diflieuUies of a more expedient adjust
ment of the present tariff, although great are
far Jrotn l*eing insurmountable. Some are un
willing to improve any of its parts, because
they would ileetroy tie tvlioUi; others fear lo
touch the objectionable parts, lest those tluey
approve, should be jeoparded. I Am persua
ded that lire advocates' of these conflicting
view s do ioju.stice.to the American popple,.and
fo their Repre.vbntatives. Tim general inte
rcut »» the interest of each: and my confidence
i eotir- 1 tlviu, to ensure the adoption of such
modificaiions of the tariff ys the general inte
rest requires, it is only necessary that that in
terest should be understood
It is at^ infirmity of our nature to mingle our
interests and prejudices with the operation of
our reasoning powers, and attribute to the ob
jects of our Tikes aod drshkes; qualities they
do not possess and * fleets they cannot pro
ducc. Ths effects -of i he present tariff are
doubtless overrated, both in its evils and in
its advantages. By one class of reasoners. tbe
rCdnced'price of cotton and other agricultural
products is ascribed w-holly to its in flic net-., and
by another, the reduced price of manufaciur-
ed arlicles. The prohjthihly is, that neither
opinion approaches the irulh, ar.d that both
nfo induced by that influence of. interest -and
prejudice to which 1 have referred, The de
crease pf prircs crxlends throughout the com
incrcial world, embracing not only the raw nia-
fcrial aqd the manufactured article, hut pro-
vlsions ;md lands. TlieCKUse onH, iht-ref »re,
hejfecp* r wndtnr.re j>orvading tbanlheti4*ifl'of
the United Stales. It may, in .• measure* be
attributable to the increased value, of the pre
cious metals, produced hy a diminution of the
supply, and sin increase iti the demand; while
commerce has rapidly extended it.-ielf, -ajid}>op-
ulati.ob has angim-nlech The supply of goId
and -silver, the'general medium of exchange,
4i;i» hpcn greatly Interrupted hy civil convul
sions in the countries from which they are j>rin-
cpalty drawn. A part of the c-ffcct, too, is
dapbWcps owing to an increase ©if opetatkins
and irnpr.O'Vemcnts of machinery. But, on the
whole, it is questionable W hot her Lh e reduc
tion hi the price of hinds produce, and manu
factures, has been, greater than the npprecia
(ion of the standard of* value. «.
While the chief object of duties should-he
rr-venue, they may be sb aojiisted as to imcoiiy
age manufactures. In this adjustment, how
ever, it is the duty of the Government, tp be
guided by the general good Objects of na
tional importance-alone ought to be protected:
of these tbo p.roducttons of otsr sod, our mines,
and our workshops* resentiiil to national de
fence, occupy the first rank. Whatever other
species of domestic industry,, baving.the'im*-
jiortancc ib which I IhtVe referred, may he ex*
peeled, after temporary protection, to compete
with foreign labor on equal terms, merit the
same attention in a subordinate degree.
j nre. present tapffta^esso(ne of ther,oitfi>rts
oflile unnecessitrily'high;. it undert;fkes to pro
tect interests too local and minute To justify n
general execution, and it ntso at tempi's tofyree
some kinds of manufactures, for winch th©
-country is not ripe! Much relief will he deriv
ed, in some of these respects, (rem the ihcaa-
UTe9 i>f your last session. ’ ~ ./
Tlxi best as wett a« fiiires? mode ofiFetor*
musing whether, from any just cohsrdcraliqnp,
5v pprticidar interest ought to .receive protec
tion, would be to submit the question singly
for defiberutioor IC after the examinaftou of
its merits, unconnected with extraneous consi
derations—such as a desire to sustaura general
system,.or to puttihase support Fbf ff different
interest—it should e'nfrat »o its favor a majority
of the Representatives of the people; tfiere
can be little dangor oTwrong or iUjury in ad
justing the tirrdf with reference ftMls pratec
nw effect'. If this obviously just principle
were-honestly adhered to, the branches of ia-
la r Jry wlueb deserve protection would be sa
ved fr.om the prejudice excited against them,
vvheq tliat protection forms part of a system
ships almost as toon as old ones cctild be re-
viiles and excites the puTdic mind, suhservienf
to the stiQft‘sighted views of faction, must de
stroy all hope of settling it satisfactorily to the
great body of the people, and Tor the genera!
interest. I cannot, therefore, on taking leave
of the subject, too earnestly for my own feel
pigs of.the common good, warn you against the
blighting consequences of such a course.
According to the estimates of the Treasury
Department, the receipts rn the Treasury du
ring the present year will amount to twenty-
four millionB one hundred-and sixty’one thou
sand and cigiUeen dollars, which will exceed
hy about three hundred thousand dollars the
estimate presented in the last annual report of
the Secretary of the Treasury. Tho total ex
penditure during the year exclusive of the
public debt, is estimated at thirteen millions
seven hundred nnd forty-two thousand three
hundred and eleven dollars; and the payment
on account of public debt for the same period
win have been eleven millions three hundred
iind fifty four thousand six hundred and thirty
doHnrs; leaving a balance in the Treasury, on
the first of January, eighteen hundred and
rhifty-one, ot four millions eight hundred and'
nineteen thousand seven hundred and eighty
one dollars.
In connexion with the Condition of our ft*
nances, it affords me pleasure to remark that
judicious and efficient arrangements have been
made by the Treasury Department for. secur
ing the pecuniary responsibility of the public
officers, nnd the more punctual payment of
public dues. The revenue cutter service has
been organized, and placed on a good footing
nnd aided hy an increase of inspectors at cx
paired.
The modifications io this part of tW ser
vice suggested io my last annual message,
which are noticed more in detail, in the report
of the Sec. of the Navy, are again reccom-
mended fo your serious attention.
Tho report of r the Post-Master General, in
like manner,exhibits » satisfactory view oi the
important branch at the Government under
his charge. In addition to the benefits ahead*
y extended by the operations of the P»st Of
fice Department, considerable improveotents
within the present year liave been secured,
by an increase in the accommodation of stage
coaches, and in the frequency and celerity of
the transportation of tlie mail between some of
the most imporiant points of the Union.
Under the late contracts, improvements
have been provided for the southern section of
the country,'and, at the same time, an unusual
saving made, ef upwards of seventy-two thou
sand dollars Notwithstanding tho excess of
expenditure beyond tho current receipts for a
few years past, necessarily incurred in the
fulfilment ofensting-conlracis. and in the ad
ditional expenses, between (he periods cf con
tracting, to meet the demands created hv the
rapid growth and extension of oor fl urishing
country: yet the satisfactory assurance s .;iv*
c, th.t the future revenue of the Dtp rment
wdl be sufficient to meet it- extensive » g.»ge*
merits. The system recently introduced that
subjects ifs receipts and drsoursmenls to.strict
regulation, lias entirely fulfided its design. It
gives full assurance of the punctual transmis
sion, as well as the security of the fund* of
the Department The efficiency and industry
of its officers, and the ability and energy of
contractors, justit^ an increased confidence in
it8 continued prosperity.
The attention of Congress was called, on a
former occasion, to the such a modification; of
the office of Attorney General of t he United
States, as would render it m*we adequate to
the wants of the put I c jiervi«o This result
ed in the establishment of l he office of Solicit
or the Treasury; and the earliest measures
were taken to give effect to the provisions of
the law which authorized the appointment of
that officer, and defined bis duties. - But rt is not
believed that this provision, howe ver useful in
its If, is calculated to superceed the necessity
of extending the dmies and powers of the At
torney General’s office. On the contrary, I am
convinced that the public interests would ho
greatly promoted by giving to that officer toe
general superintendance of the various law
agents of the Government, cf all law procee
dings, whether civil or criminal in which the
United States may be interested, allowing him
at the same time, f-tfeh a compensation an
would enable him to devote his individual at
tention to the public business. 1 think such a
provision is alike due to the public and to the
o.
poserf points; and the regulations adopted un
der tlie act ot May, 1830, for the inspection and
appraisement of merchandize, have produced
much improvement in the execution of the
Ja'vs, and more security against the commis
§ on of frauds upon the revenue. Abuses in
the allowance* for fishing bounties have also
been corrected, and a material saving in that
branch of the service thereby effected. In ad
dition to these improvements, the system of
expenditure far sick seamen belonging to the
merchant service has been revised; and, by
being rendered uniform aod economical, the
benefits of the fund applicable to the object
have been usefully extended.
/■The prosperity ©four country is also furl Her
evinced by the increased revenue arising from
the sale of Public. Lands as will appear from
the re port of the commissioner oftlve Goneral
Land Office, and the documents accompany
ir.g it, which are herewith transmitted. 1 beg
leave-to draw yoor attention to this report, anti
to-the propriety of making early appropria
tions for the objeci which it specifies
Your .it*entom b again iBvib d to the sub
jects connected ui;h that portion of the pub
lic interests entrusted to The Way Depart men!.
Some of litem were referred to in my firmer
message, and lliffy are presented in detail in
-the report of that officer for a knowledge of
t he st ate of t he Army, fort ifieations: arsenals,
and Indian affairs; all of which, it will be per-
emred have been guarded wifh : .zealous atten
tion and c» re. ft is Wort by of yor r considcra-
lion whether the armaments necessary for the
fortifications oh our inaratime frODtiet,- which
are now, or shortly -Will be completed, «honld
not be in readiness sooner than tho customary
appropriations wiH enable the Department to
provide, tfrqm. Thb precaution seems to be
due to lhe general system of fortification
which has been sanctioned by Congress, and is
recommended by tbat maxim of wisdom which
lells'Us in peace To prepare for wnf.
I refer you to the report of (he Secretary of
the Navy for h highly gjitisfiictory account of
the manner in which the concerns of that De
partment have been conducted during the
present year. Our posit ioir in relation (o aril
the roost powerful natrons of the earth, htmI
(he present condition of Rurope, admonish us
tox'horish this arm of otjr' nation.id defence
-WFh pecuhar care. Sufuirated .by- wide -seas
from all those governments whose power we
have reason to dread, -wo have nothing to ap
prehend tYou* attempts af cfinqiiesL It is*
cliiefly; al!a«dts upon our commerce', and hat*
rassmg inroads w]io» our conVt, ngaiSst u-hieh
wehave to guar*f. A respect able: naval force {
always afloat, whh' an accumulation of The
means to givo.it a rapid extension incase oi
fiecd-, furnishes the power by which at! snch
agressions may he prevented or rcpclfed.—
The attention' of'the governmant lias, t£lere- :
fore; been recentIjrdbected more to preserv
ing the public vessels already built, and pro
viding materials to he placed in depot for fu
ture use, than to increase their number.
With tire aid of Congress, in a few years, the
government will be prepared in case of emer
gency, to put afloat a powerful Navy of new
officer.
Occasions of fffffetence from the different
Executive Departments to the Attorney Gone-
nl. are of frequent occurrence, and the prompt
decision of the questions so referred tends
much to facilitate the despatch of business in
those "D parfmert's. The report oltle Secre
tary Treas hereto appended, shows also a
branch of public service not specifically en
trusted to any officer, which might be.a«iv;.y,-
tageously committed to the Attorney General.
But,'independently of tho-e considerations,
this office is now one of daily duty It was o-
riginaity organized,.aod its compensation fixed.
With a view lo occasional service, leaving to
The incumbent t ime for the exercise of his pro
fession in private practice. The state of
things which warranted such an organization,
no longer exists. The frequent claims upon
the services of this officer would render his
absence from the scat of Government io pro
fessional attendance upon the coiirts, injurious
to ihe public service nnd the interest of (lie
Government could not fail to be promoted by
charging him with the general superinten
dence of all its legal concerns.
Under a strong, convict ion of the justness of
these suggestions, 1 recommend it to Com
gross to make the necessary provisions forgiv
ing effect to them, and to place (he Attorney
General, ib regard fo compensation, on the
same footing with (lie beads of the several
Executive Departments. To (his officer
might also he intrusted a Cognizance of the
cases of insolvency in public debtors, especial
ly if the views which 1 submitted on this sub
ject last year should meet the approbation « f
Congress, do which I again sulicit your aUPR’
lion.
Your rftention is respectfully invited to the
situation of the District of Columbia Placed^
by (he Constitution, under (be exclusive juris-
diction and control of Congress, this District
is certainly- entitled tp a much greater share
of. jits consideration than k has yet received.
There is a want of uniformity in its laws, par
ticularly in. those of a penal character, whirl)
increases 1 be expense of t heir administratiorr,
and subjects the people to all the inconveni -n-
ees which result from the operation of d .fft *
ent codesin so small a T erritory On diff-rer t
sides of'the Potomac, the same offence is pun
ishable in unequal degrees; & the pecuuani m b
of many of the early laws of Maryland and Vir
ginia remain id force, notwithstanding their re*
pug . Once, in some raws, to (he improvemer ts
which have superseded them in those Statt s,
* Besidas a remedy for these evils, which is
totiiliy called for, it is respectfully submitted
wlieltielr a provision authorising the efocti- n
rTa Dctegate To represent the wants of (he r
lizens of this District on the floor of Congrps ,
is not d»elo them, and to the character of our
Govefffiihcnt. No portion of oor .cit zens
shoubl.be without a practical enjoyment oft he
.principles of freedom; and there is none mere
important than (bat which cultivates a proper
relation l>etweenVthb governors and the gov
erned. Imperfect as this must be in this case,
yet it is believed That it would he greatly im
proved by a representation in Congress, with