About The federal union. (Milledgeville, Ga.) 1830-1861 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 14, 1854)
ce^sity for the establishment of a new one in 1850,let m* see what that Compromi-c was. I , i - *. mp: •• .11.- »8.(0 *va cor gr. ..loimi nii i-mtervuiilioii a? to »lnwj in •hejerriiorie*; that the people of ihe territories, and of all the States, were to i>e allowed to do as they pleased upon the subject o! slavery, subject orly to the provisions of the conatiltttion of the United States Tnat, sir w is the leading feature of the compromise measures of 1850. Those measures therefore, aban doned the idea of a geographic al line as the boun dary between free States and -lave States—abandon ed it la--cause compelled to do it, crorn an inability to m itntain it: and in lieil of that. substituted a great principle of sell-government, which would allow the people to do as they thought proper Now, die qne* lion is. wli -n dial new compromise, resting upon that great fundamental principle of freedom, was estab lished, was it not an abandonment of dm old one — the geographical line? Was it not a snpeisedure of the old one within the very language ol the sohsli lute for the bill which is now under consideration?— I say it di I-npersede it. because it applied its provi soes as well to the north as to the south of 36 deg 30 min It established a principle which was equal lv applicah <• to the country north as well as south of the Parallel 36 30—a principle ofnuiveis.il applica tion The authors of this abolition manifesto attempt to rebut rtns presumption, and maintain that the Com- p onise ol 1 850 did net supersede that of 1620, hy quoting die proviso to the first section of the act lo es- tiblish the Ti-un boundary and establish the Territo ry of New Mexico That proviso was added hy wav of amendment, on motion of Mr Mason, of Virgin ia I rep"it that ill order to rebut the presumption, as 1 befor e stat 'd, that the Missouri Compromise was abandon -d and super--ded hy the principles of the C unpr tin- ■ of 1850. iho-e confederates cite the fol lowing ain u l.iieut offer- J to the hill to establish the b 111n lafy of M exan and create the Territory of New Mexico in 1850: •‘Provided, Tb it nothinglierein contained shall be C’tistroei to impair or qualify anything contained in the thir l article ol the second section of the j lint resoluti m for annexing Texas to the United Stales, approved M ire r I 1843, either as regards the num ber of Slates that may hereafter be formed oui of the State ol Texas or otherwise.” \ftcr quoting this proviso, they make the follow ing -tilecnent, and attempt to gain credo lor its truth bv suppressing material lacts w hich appear upon the face of the -am r siaoite. ami if produced, would conclusively di-prove the -fatemeut: It is solemnly d-dared in the very compromise acts ‘that not king herein contained shall b' construed to impair or qualify’ Ihe prohibition of slavery north of 36 deg dll non., and yet. ir. the luce ol this declar t- ttori is ssi I to be overthrown. Cart nresumption further go?” I will now proceed lo show that presumption could pot go further than is exhibited in this declar ation. They suppress the following nnlorial facts, which, if produced, would have disproved their statement : They first suppress the fact that the sa ne section of the act ciitatilTfro.il Texan, and cedes to toe United Slates all that part of Texas which iies north of .5(3 deg. 30 min. They then suppress the further fact that the same section of law cut .off fiom Texas a large Had of cnrintiy on the west, more than three degree-of longitude, md added it to the territory of the United .States '1 hey then soppre-s the further fact that this territory trius cut off from Texas, and to which the Mlssonri-Ccrnpromise line did apply, was incorporated into the Territory of New Mexico. And then whai was done? I: was mcorporc.'ed into that Territory with this clause : "That, when admired as a State, the said Teirito ry, or any portion of the nine, shall be received into the Union, with or without slavery, as :: -ir constitu tion nnv prescribe at die time of its adoption.” Ye-, s-r the very lull and -'C’iuri from which thev quote eti ■ off all that put of Texas whirli was to be free by the Missouri • ’iitnproiiiise, together with some on t ,e south side of the line, incorporates it into the Territory of New Mexico; and then says dial Territory and every portion ot the same shall come into the Union, with or without slavery, ns it sees proper. What else does it do ? The sixth section of the same act provides that the legislative power and au thority of this said Territorx of New Mexico shall extend to all rightful subject- of legislation, consis tent with the consiilntioii of the United 8tale9 and the provisions of the act, not excepting slavery Thus, the New Mexico loll from which they make that quotation, contained the provision lint New Mexico, including that part i f Texas which was cut off should come into the Union, with or without slavery, as i saw proper, and in the mean time the territorial legislature should have ail the authority over the subject of slavery that they bad over any other subject restricted only bv the limitations of the constitution of the United 8 ates and the provisions of the act. N-iw, I ask those senators, do not those provisions repeal the Mi souri Compromise, so 1H r as it applied to that country cut off from Texas? Do limy hoi . I mil ill D.i thev not Sillier,s.-de it? If tliev world hy those confederates j s 3tl atrocious falsehood. If they do not, then wh it do they mean when they cherge me with having, in the substitute first reported from the committee, repealed it, with having annulled it xv th having violalt d it, when I onlycTipie I these precise words? I copied the pre cise words into my bill, as reported from the coininit- t-e. which were contained in the New Mexico bill. 'They siy my bill annuls the Missouri Compromise. If it doe-. :t h id already been done before by the act of 1851): for these war 's were copied from the act of 1850. Mr W ade. Why do you do it over again? Mr Douglas I will coine to that point prese ntlv and exp am why we did it over again. I am now dealing with the truth and veracity of a combination of men who haveassen.bled in -icret caucus upon the Sabbath day to arraign my conduct and belie my character Isay therefore, that their manifesto is a slander either way; for it-ays the Missouri Compro mise wa- not superseded by the measures of 1850, and then it .-ays lhat the same words in my bill does repeal and annul h. They must be adjudged guilty of oil • falsehood in order to sustain the ofiier asser tion. Now. sir l propose to go a little further, and show what was the real meaning of the amendment of the .Senator fmm Virginia out of which ihese gentle men have manufactured so much capital in the news paper pre--, and have succeeded hy that misrepre sentation iu procuring an expression i- .pinion from the State of Rhode Island in oppo-iiion to the bill. 1 will state what its meaning is. Did it mean that the States north of 3G deg. 30 min. should have a clause :u their constitutions prohibiting slavery ? 1 have shown that it did not mean that, because the same act says it.at they might come in with s'avery if thev saw proper I say it could not mean that, for an other reason. ’The same section containing that proviso cot off all that part of ’Texas north ol 36 deg. 30 min; and lienee there was nothing for it to opei- ate upon, It did not, therefore, relate to the country cut off. What did it relate to? W'hy. ji meant sim ply this: By the joint resolution of 1845 'Texas was annexed with the right ;o form four additional Slates out of her territory, and such Slat.* as were south of 36 dpg. 30 miu- were to cotne in. with or without slavery, es they saw proper, and in such State or States as were north of that line slavery should be prohibited. When we had cut off all north of 36. deg 30 uiin.. and thus circumscribed the boundary and diuiitn-i.ed the territory ol 'Texas, tire question arose bow many Slates will Texas be entitled to under this circumscribed boundary? Certainly not four, it will be argued W’hyJ Betau-e the orig inal resolution of annexation provided inat one of the State-, if not more, should be north of 35 deg. 30 min It would leave it then doubtful whether 'Texas was entitled to two or three additional States under the circumscribed boundary. In order to pul lliHtmalter to rest, in order to make a final settlement, in order to have it explicitly understood what was the meaning ol Congress, the Senator from Virginia offered the amendment that nothing therein contain ed should impair that provision, ei.her as to the number of States or otherw ise—that is, that Texas should be enlilied to the same riumbi-r of States with her reduced boundaries a- she would have been entitled lo under her larger boundaries; and those States sh ill come in with or without slavery, being all south of 36 deg. 30 min., and nothing to impair that right shall be inferred from the passage of the act. Such, sir. was the me ming of that proposition. Any other construction of it would stultify the very c har acter and purpose of its mover, the senator from Vir ginia Snell, then, was riot only the intent of the mover, b it such is the legal effect of the law; and 1 say lhat no man, after reading the other sections of the bill—those to which I have referred—can doubt that such was both the intent and the legal effect of that law. Then. [ submit to the Senate if I have not con victed this manifesto, issued by the ab. lition confed erates, of being a grogs falsification that an erroneous and injurious impression has been created npon the public mind I am sorry to he compelled to in dulge in language of tli g severity ; but there is no other language that is adequate to express tho indig nation with which I sp,. this attempt, not only lo mis- '-ad the public.but to malign my character, by de liberate falsification ol the public-tatute9 and the pub lic records. Sir. this misrepresentation and falsification does not stop here. In order to give greater plausibility to their statements, they go further, and state that ‘ it solemnly declared in the very Compromise act that nothing herein contained skull be cun,truiA to im pair or qualify’ the prohibition ol slavery north of 36 deg. 30 inin.,and yet. in the face of this declara- aliou, that sacred prohibition is said to be overthrown. Can presumption go further?” In the very teeth of the slatute saying that they should cotne in, with or without slavery, as they plea— ed. tne-e men declare that it is stated that it should be forever prohibited I repeat to them, “Could presumption go further?" Not only presumption m making ihese statements, but the presumption mat they could avoid the exposure of their con- | In order to give greater plausibility, to this falsifies- j selves and their posterity morally and pecuniarily 'tion of the terms of the compromise measures of I may reqnirp. 185" the runfi-dorntps il-n .h cidie in their uiauifeslu Uomu i;e op-ration of this principle New Hamp- , liras they fthe territorial bills fur toe organization of | -hirebecamr Iree, while Sooth Carolina continued I U ah a tid New Mexico) applied to the territory /to hold -loves; Connecticut abolished slavery. while | acquired from Mexico, and to that only. They wyre ! Geargia held on it; Rhode Island abandoned the in- i intended as a settlement of the controversy growing stitulion while Maryland preserved it; New York, controversy’growing | out of iliat acqoi-ition and • f that controversy only- ’They must stand or hill by their ow n merits.’’ 1 submit to the Senate if ih-'re is tin i tclligcnt man in America that does not know that that declar ation i< falsified by the statute Irorn whirh they quote? They say that the provisions of that bill w ere con- . lined to the territory acquired from .Mexico, when the very section of the law from which they quoted that proviso did purcht.se a part ol that very tertilo- J ry (roui the tState of 'Texas; and ihe next section cf i the law- included that territory in the new territory I of Mexico, li took a small portion also of the old Louisiana purchase, and added that to the new terri preserved i Now Jersey, and Tensylknnia abolished slavery, while Verginia. North Carufina, and Kentucky re tained u. Did ilicy do it at your bidding? Did they do it at the dictation of the federal government? Did they do it in obedience 'O any of your Wduiol pro- «iso< or ordinances <>/ r“? Not at all. They d d it by virtue ol their light as freemen under the consti* Ini on nfibe United Stales lo establish and abolish -nch in-trillions as they thought their ow n good requited. Let me a>k yon. where have you succeeded in ex cluding slaveiy by an act of Congress from one inch oflhe American soil You may tell ine that x on did iory of ,Mexico and made op the rest out of the ter- j it in the North west Territory by the ordinance of riiorv of Mexico, and made up tin- ic.t of the Mexi ; I7s7 I wi I -how you by the h.-toiy of the cmntrx can acquisitions, limn sir. your statutes show. I that you did not necompli-h any such tiling- You when applied to the map ol the couri'y. that the j prohibited slavery there by law, but you did not ex I erritory of New Mexico was composed of territo- j chide ii in fact Illinois was a port of the Nortbwe-t ry acquired from Mexico, and al-o of territory ac ! Territory W ith she exception ol a f« w French and qoired from Texa-. ami ol ’erritory acquired from | white settlements, it was a vn«t wilderness, filled France: and yet,in defiance of that statute, and tti j hostile savages, when the ordinance of 1787 was adop falsification of its term-, w e are told, iu order to dc- j led. Y’et sir when Illinois was organized into a ceive the people, that ihe hills w i re confined to the J territorial government it established and protected purchase made from Mexico alone; and in order to j slaverv. and maintained it in -pile of voor ordinance, give itgrea’er solemnity, ns was neoe-s.irv while lit- { and in defiance of its express prohibition. It is a 'eti g a falsehood, they n pi at it twice, b ating that i curious fact that »o long as Congress said the Ter-i it would not be believed he fiisi time What is now 1 torv of Illinois should not have slavery she actually the Territory of Uuili wa- noiconfined to the country j had it ami on the ver y day when you w ithdrew your acquired (rum Mexico ’That Territory ih is well j ruiigr-s-ioii.il prohibition, the people of Illinois, of known to every man who understands the geography ■ their own free will and accord, provided for a system of the country includes a targe tract of rich and fertile j ofemanr ipation country acqni r> d from France in !H)2. and to which j Thus you did nut succeed m Illinois "Territory with the 8th section of the Mi souri act applied in 1620. j your ordinance, or your Wilurnt Proviso, because If these confederate- do not know to what Country j the people there regarded it as an invasion ol their I allude, 1 only reply that they shou'd have known before they littered a falsehood and imputed a crime to me But I will tell you to what country I nilude. By ’he treaty of 1819 by which we acquired Florida, and fixed a boundary between the. United States and Mex ico the. boundary wa- in i ie ot ti e Arkansas river to its source, and then the line ran due north ot the source of the Arkansas to t|ie furl x second parallel to the Pacific Ocean. That inn. due north from the head of the Aikansis hut- the whole middle park, described in so -h glow ing terms hy Colonel Fremont rights. 'They regarded it as a usurpation on the part Inf the federal government They regarded it is vio- | Infix« of the great principles of self govern merit, and I ;bey deieruini- I that they would never submit.; even j to have freedom so long as you forced it upon tlliem I Nor must it he said that slavery was abolis led in d.i* constitution of Illinois in order to he art milled in- ! to the Fnioo as a Suite incompliance with thi cirrii- ! nance of 17''. for they did no such thing fin the I constitution with which the people of lllinui were ; admitted into the Union, they absolutely violated, i disri g irded, and repudiat d your ordinance. The to the east ol the line, and hence a pait or (he Louis- j ordinance -aid that slavery should he forever prohih- j!ana purchase. Yet. inasmuch as that middle paik is | ited in that country. ’The constitution with which I watered and drained hi the waters flowing t .to the j you received them into the Union as a 8tate said ? Colorado. when we lormed the territorial limits of I that all slaves then in the State should remain slaves I Utah, instead of running that air line, we ran along 1 fi,i life, and that all persons born of slave parents af file ridge of the mountains, and cut oft’lhat part j ter a certain day should be free at a certain age, and from Nebra-ke, or Irom the Louisiana pii’diase. and | that a I persons boro in the State after a certain other included it within the limits of the Territory ol Utah i d ly should be free from the time of their birth. Thus Why did we do it) Because we sought for a nal- i their State constitution, as well as tneir territorial oral boundary, and it w is more natural to take the j legislation, repudiated your ordinance Illinois, mount .ins a- a limmdarv. than bv an air hue to cut | therefore, is a case in point f prove that whenever the vailevs nri one side of the oinuntains. arid annex them to the country on the other n te. Arid why did we take th-se Iiatu al boundaries, setting at defiance the old boundaries? The simple reason was. lhat so long as we acted npor. th principle of settling the slavery question hy a geographical line, so long xve observed those bouuOaro-s strictly and rigidly; but when that was abandoned, in consequence of the ac tio n of free sniler.-: ami abolitionists xvh n it pers Riled hy the compromise me asm which rested up-»o a great univetsal principle, there was no necesssity for keeping in view the old and un natural boundary Fo- ilu- reason, in making the new Territories, we formed uainral boundaries irrt* -pective of the source whence oor title was derived lo writing these hi Is l paid no attention to the fact whether the tide was acquired from Louisiana, from Franca, or from Mexico; ior wlrit difference did it t yon have attempted to dictate institutions to any part of the United Shoes you have filled. The same is true, though not to tim same extent, with reference to the Territory of Indiana, where there were many slaves during the litne of its territorial existence, and I believe, also there were a few iu the Territory of Ohio. Bn', -ir. these aholjtinn confederates in their man- . ! ifes'ii have also referred to the. wonderful results of of 1 -50, i their policy in the State, of Iowa and the 'Territory of Minriesoii. Here, again, they happen to be iu fault as to the laws of the land. The act to organize the Territory ol Iowa Wirt not prohibit slavery, but the peopl" of Iowa were allowed to do as they pleased under the territorial government for the 6th section of that act provided that the legislative authority should ext-iid lo all rightful subjects of legislation, except as to the disposition of the public lands, and taxis in certain cases, but not excepting slavery. I' may. violation of (be law* of Nat n re.and climate, and soil, and of the laws of God. shook! be r— to establish in stitution* for the people; yet. . nluto regard for the peace and quiet of ibo country, out of respect for past pledgee, and out of a desire to adhere ftithfully lo all compromises, I sustained the Missouri Compromise so long as it was in lorce aud advocated its-exten sion to Ihe Pacific. Now. wlten that h3s been aban doned. when it has been superseded when a great principle of self government has been substituted for it, I choose to cling to that principle, and abide in good faith not only by the letter, but by the spirit of the last compromise. Sir, I do not recognise the right of the nboliti onists of this country to arraign me for being false to sacred pledges as ihev have done in their proc'amotion. Let them show when and where I have ever proposed to I violate a compact. I have proved that 1 stood by the l compact ol 1843, anil proposed its continuance and oh - ' sprvanc-P in 1818 1 have proved that the free-smlers and aholitiot.tsls were the guilty parties who violated that compromise then. 1 should like to compare notes with these abolition confederates about adherence to compromises, When did thev stand by or approve ot any one that was < ver made? Did not everv abolitionist and free-soiier in America denounce the Missouri Compromise in 13*20? Did they not lor years hunt down ravenously for Ins blood avrry man who assjsied in making that compromise? Did ihev not in 1845, when Texas w as annexed, denounce nil of us who went for the annexation of I exas and for the continuation of ihe .Missoni (aimpromise hoe through it? Did they not. in 1843, denounce me ns a I slavery propagandist for standing by ihe principles of the Missouri Compromise, and propo.-mg to continue lh- i Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific ocean? W l they not themselves violate and repudiate it then. 1- i not i ho charge of hud faith true as to every abolitionist | in America instead of being true a- to me and the com- | mittpe.and those who advocate this bill? They talk about the hill being in violation of the com j promise measures ol 1850. Who can show’ me a man, ; in either house of Congress, who was in favor ol the i compromise inca-ures of iSalt, and "ho is not now in ! favor of leaving the people of Nebraska and Kansas to j do as they please upon the-iihjeet of slavery, according i to the provisi >ns of my hill? Is there one? It so, ? i have not heard of him. This tornado has been raised I by abolitionists alone. They have made an impression | upon the public mind in the way in which 1 have men tioned by a falsification of the la" and the fact.-; aiul this w hole organization against the compromise meas ures of 1850 is an abolition movement. 1 presume'they had some hope of getting a few render-footed demo crats into their plot; and acting on what they supposed they might do, they sent for Hi publicly to the world the false hood hat their address was signed hy ihe sena’ors and a majority ol the representatives from the State of I Ohio; but "lien we come to examine signatures, xve find t no one whig theie, no one democrat there—nono hut | pu-e. unmitigated, unadulterated abolitionists. Much effect, I know, has been produced by the ciren- j lar, coming as it dues with the imposing title of a repre- ! mentation of a majority of the Ohio delegation. What ( was the reason lor its effect? Because the manner in j which it "a- sent forth implied that all the whig mem- ! hers from that State had joined in it; that part oflhe | democrats had signed it, and then that the txvo abolifion- ! ists had signed i), and that made a major ity oflhe rielo- ; gation. By this means it frightened the whig party and j the democracy in the State of Ohio, because thevsup- | posed their own representatives and friends had gone i into the negro movement, when the facts turn out to be j that it was not signed by a single whig or democratic member frem Ohio j Now, 1 a.-k the friends and the oppon-nts ol this | measure to look at it as it is. Is not the question invqly- j ! ed the simple one, xvhelher the people of the Territo- j ! ries shall he allowed to do as they please upon the qites- i j lion of slavery, subject only to the limitation of the con- j ! stiiution'? That is all the hill provides; and it does so in | j clear, explicit, and unequivocal terms. I know there j are some men. "lugs and democrats, who, not willing j repudiate the Baltimore platform of their-otvn party, j From the N. O. True Delta, 31st ult. RT’RNIXG OF THE STEAMBOAT GEORGIA— (St LOSS OF LIVES AND PROPERTY. One of ihese terrible and heart rending d'savters whi< h bin too uften-occiK, and xvhi, h bring desolation and dec p ..otow on many a social and domestic nrde, took place between the hours of II and 12 o clock on Saturday ni"ht last, at the I-nke terminus of the Carrol- ton nnd'Pomrhertram Railroad- We ref-r to llm ios« bv fire of ihe steamboat Georgia of which brief men- tion was made in our issue of Sunday ntornnig. The Georgia, Captain Roberta, it appear*, arrixed at tliA rniircad wharf at about H neb* '• < -.t . passengers on hoard, and was heavily lxmdcd with exrt- t,.n The htrtv line had hern made fast lo the "harf, and two of the deck hands were engaged m (rawing in the Stern 0ftl.estcnn.er, when the lire was discovered bursting out with amazing rapidity above' the boilers Strange to say. iliemrn who were ban mg in th# steamer’s stern dropped the rope they had hold of and the body oflhe vessel swing off again irom ihe "hart The Games now spread "ill. umof.trolnblc fury, and a minute hnd scarcely < lapsed before n gi nernl confla gration prevailed in every portion of i\\e iibfntei vessel. The sc reams of affrighted in* n, women and children; the; fierce crad' i.g cf fi:c: the loud bray of mules and the hallow ir.g of oxen, maddened by the he.a* and smoke which surrounded them, mingled in strange and terrible discordance. Imagination may form fi»r itself some faint picture of the scene, but discretion fails! The passengers were chiefly from Alabama, being planters, with their families and negroes, on their way to Texas. S >m% frantic won terror, ‘leaped overboard w ith dreadful veil, freer to anticipate their grave,” while some, xvith superhuman might (long their chil dren from the huricane deck to the wharf, and. leaping after them, were mutilated ami saved, or, perchance, were drowned. Most of the children w ho were thus flunc on the wharf were more or less mj irral hy bruises or dl-loratioos. One woman, who fell or jumped from abin floor, to tli - main deck, wins caught on the STATISTICS OF CRIME, No. 7. To His Excellenev, H V. JOHNSON. Governor, &c. Whrti xx e examine the tables which are -uhinitted in this report of crimes among the blacks of ihe Mid die Judicial District in our S'ate, we cannot (ail lo he impressed xvjili the Considerable preponderance of | crimes against the person—a preponderance greater ' even ihan in c i-e ol tree white offenders among ns • ■ But if we look to the details we will find that these GEWlUilA lebislatube. SENATE Feb. 4th. Bills Passed. To amend an act approvrd Jan. 9'h, 1852. In levy nnd collect a tax for each of the political years 1852, aud 53 aud thereafter 'To amend an act incorporating Mntnal Insurance Compn 'I,. .bi.fl, .f6.be, »***“ f the cabin floor, t«* in * in mini.-cK, was un . 0 .u ■ t |, VV |ll br jwn flint two Mi!! «v'r "azizs i the was saved Of,he negroes ot, hoard of .ha boat : well-being ol die slave and twenty, nt I nst, " re lost-some planters losing all ; which are these: not of a serious nature. The** among ihe -laves constitute nearly two thirds.an 1 among the free per sons of Color, quite three loiirlh- of all tho acou-a linn-. The next mo-t conspicuous ont-nce i- lhai op ! gaming, and for the cause of its prominanae we may , j look to the influence of the town upon that class of J population. All of the ra-es reported, save one. j ' coining from the citv of Angu-ta The crime of lar , I cenv, sta- ds next most prominent in the list ,-ir.d i-j ! almost entirely confined to free persons ol color j ! VVi'li them it con-tttmes about onr.tierlfth of aliaccu , I -.vi,,!i«; whilst with 'he slav. s. :t amounts to I 76 100 ; j only, in every 7Ot); or considerably lc— than one j I fiftieth of the whole. A circnm-tunce very significant 1 j'a- to the state of morals between the two classes of j i blacks- It is a circumstance too. p-rh.ips not alto-j i irether in-i»nificant as to the fact tinasimjt h as these : P-o'e '!» s; n ™' ri ' 1 ;.-’ « re j - Jlldici , rv (:otnm i,. w ; vvai.u are prolific parent- ol il.eft '1 rui- ran bp r.-adi- ; : ly realised the true philosophy contained in that j i li"tnely observation of the plain planter which I ; have no nlior.ed, xiz: ‘ they Ills -laves) have t o or- j I coisinn to steal, because they have plenty without I stealing ” ’ I ll will be seen that txvo still more striking facts in- | the moral and physical j free person oi color, i 'I he prevent obstructions in Board 'Town Creek, Gilmer county. To allow Warren Freeman, ol Bihh county, to practic - on the honioep lthic system, and charge for the same. To compensate grand at.d petit jurors of Haber sham county. To allow ihe Oidinary ol Tatnall county to keep bis ollicc at his residence. For iherehefot Hannah Levy of Cass coun'y. arid W. We Ich of Stewart conn'y 'To reduce Ihe Sheriff- bond in Twiggs county. 'To alter and change the 5fii section ofati actamen- ding the judicial s\ si* in so- far as to di-pens# with an order ot Court I e fore brn e mL . ,- Tllt on Sheriff Bonds and In rrqnue Clerks nl Superior Courts to furnish copy. r ( rnfied. of said bonds on application of nnv person desiring to bring suit thereon, &c , as amen I’ll amend 3d section. 3d article, of the Constitu tion The Senate adjourned to 3 o’clock. twenty, nl . «■ .- — — - • . . v . thev I ad. and some lasing hut a few Scarcely a single family was saved entire. A father, xvlm had reaeiied his wife and six children, went hack fi>r a seventh and was lost A young man return 'd to the boat to look tor a female, friend, hut the flames “yawtied around him like a hell,” and he xvas numbered whh “iht returning brave.” A father saved threeof his children, but his w ife nnd six others left tlieir ash'S in the funeral pyre of t lie Georgia, '* A young husband lost his w ife, and he sat apart on the wharf”as if indifferent to whatever else might befi.ll him. A child thrre months old was taken to the hotel, but it had no relative to claim it, and none knew whose child it was. A young man who lost his father and mother, appeared to he more concerned about $1,000 which hi* father had left in the safe of tin- boat than about the !o--s of his parents But these are tm-re itfi- Tlm li-t of passengers was The Senate, met. when n large number of House bills were read a second lime Bills Passed. To ir corporate the Brunswick Improvement Com pany, a- amended. 'To allow certain per-on- to administer oaths. To repeat an act to provide for compensation of grand and petit Jnroru of F.lbert county, and tore, ivean act to compensate grand and petit Jurors of | The rmniher of accusations against -lives are as I to ever) 723 of the -lave population: and among free per-on- of color areas I lo every 422 TUeac- cu-,aliens against male -lax e» are a- ahimt " in e> cry Superior aud Inferior Courts of Eihert conn v. and 100. and against females as 12 in 100, whilst against I ( r ,,. vln „, .. f . u male free persons ol color, thev are as ahnut , r >3 in 100 and against females as 42 in every 100. It will In- remembered perhi ps. that in the whole ■ Dis'lict She nnmher of aecnsalinns ngaiu-t female 1 slaves was iu triree years 20 only, out of a popnlafion i of 4 i.lOD slaves—a les- numbi-r than against while females, (greater in proportion to the whole number | of -lave- accused) though the slaxe xvomen are con siderably more numerous than the white xvomen, whilst the nnmher of accusations for the same time ag un-t free xvomen of colnr was 19 rut of a free col- i.p-d popnlafion ol 631. This circuin.-t nice hears ev- make? Tne principle which xve had established in ... the Dili would applx equally well to either. i however, be said by some that slavery xvas prohibited , - . . . ’ , •, . I in Iowa l>y virtue of a clause io the Iowa act which de* In fixing those bm«»da. i-w. p ud no attention to , , lh / |iivvs Wisconsin to he in force therein, tne tact whefiKtr .hex included old tern ory or not- j llllich iWlhe ordinance of 1787 was one of the whether the country was covered by l ie Mis-oun , ^ of \ Vi , co(1 , jn ,f. however, they say this, they Compromise or not x uy L.-c.iu.-i i. • | defeat their object, because the very clause which established in the b.h- sup irseded he M.-»onr Com- ’ - . ^ , , Wisconsin to Iowa, and makes promise. For tt.a, nuison xve disregarded the o d ^ ein of ,- wce , bereln> a , so that thos „ , !IWS • boundaries, dtsregaru.t in tri. "r\ ■> ' i- -P are subject to he altered, modified, or repealed by tli# ’ P ! tJ ‘ d ! sre f r, e,J ,h ;i S0 ;! r,:e ' ' “-, n i lerritor „ legislature ol Iowa, Iowa thsrefore was led litltf was arrived# 1 shv. tnerelore. Inal ciose exam- , , ~. . . . . , r uiiwwn. uBmui . ’ ‘ 10 do as sht’ pleaded Iowa, when she c«ine to form ii ition ol this act cltfar v eslablibh^s i!i« lact lint it , ; . , ... - . , , * .. . a consutution and govorriinpnt, preparatory to f was the intent as well •> ihe legal ettect ol me com* i . . . , T ; . j • r r - J promise measure* ol Idol) to supersede ihe Missouti were lost, hit* wife nnd eight children were — Mr- Jolly rni! one child, of Randolph ro.Ga , were lost; Mr J. was saved . R .F I.yfiin, of Lenoir co , N. C. was saved, hut lost two negroes Rev. J. McCarter, ot Clinton, Ga , lost three negroes; he and h.s wife were saved, though the Jailer was badly injured* Dr.J. M. Young, from Hancock county, Ga lost a servant hoy, his l«»oks, surgical instruments, and cloth ing. Mrs. Havidsun, from Macon county, Ain., Io«t several negroes. ^I r . (»ranam, from ^ ilhamshurg, S. C , lost two negroes and ; ?500 in gold. Thos. J- Mi'Lan* than, of Rriscol^ Conn., i» missing. J. B. ILihhard, of Bristol, Conn., was saved , hut lost his baggage, rtr — A gentleman from Stewart county. Ga., whose name we did not ascertain, lost several negroes . _, _ ... . . The Georgia had 1030 b&les orcoitton on boa nl, all of , ivoiiid he willing lo vote for tiii.s principle, provided j whirli was lost, together 200 hales w fiich had a feiv j they could do so in such equivocal terim* that they could i hours before been landed on the wharf I rom steamboat I d toy that it means what it was intended to mean in c r- i from Meddle, 'ihe railroad warehouse, anti, ; miu localities. I do not wish to deal in any equivocal , too jrf-t ofthe wharf were luirru d. The loss of ! language. If the principle is right, let it he avowed and j property cannot have been less than $120,000 'Ihe i mainiained If it is \\r«»ng, I»’t it he repudiated. Let • J-feJen was saved hy pushing off from the wharf into 1 all this quibbling about the Missouri Compromise, about 1 the lake denis of the conflagration consumed and as was taken of those who were sav^d, - . . , . , , , V ‘ r x* r ^ i id^neij of ,1 riegntlatinn, not to be found among any the entire loss of life cannot he correctly estimated.— ^ <Jiihn Mr. Jackson and one child, of Barbour county, Ala., ' ‘ “ ’’ " admission into the Union, considered the subject of free nvd slave institutions calmly, dispassionately, without any restraint or dictation, and determined that it would be to the interest of her people, iu tlieir climate and with their productions, to prohibit Ha- very: and her.ee I iwa became a free ^(ate by virtue of this great principle ofallowing the p.’opfj to do as they please, and not in obedience to any federal com mand The nbolirioni<fs are also in the habit of referring to Oregon as another instance ofthe triumph of their abolition policy. There, again, they have overlooked or mi'-re presen led the history ofthe country. Sir. it is well known, or if it is not, it ought to he, that for about twelve years you tailed to give Oregon any government or protection and during that period the of’their nwiV, ami fry vYrTne oTWleiY*'’^ i ao, c capcmcrn ,o apply to .»«. memory, a do mat a- SP ' 1 b >' lh,M 1 r own representatives hefcejron extended < lone, and leave ourselves entirely at sea without con, y»'>r jnnsdicfion over them, proh,hired slavery by a j (inanui on- vote. Slaveiy Wa- prohibited there by j the action of the people themselves, and not by vir- ! tue of any legislation of Congress, j It is true lhat in the midst of the. tornado xvhich 9xvept over the country in 1818 1649. and 1650, a i provision xvas lorced into the Oregon bill prohibiting f slavery in that Territory: hut that only goes to show j that the object of tho-e xvho passed it was not so much j to e.-tahii-h free institutions as to gain a political ad vantage by giving an ascendency to their peculiar ' | doctrines in the laxvs of the land; for slavery having been already prohibited there, and no man proposing toeslahli-h it. xxhal xvas the necessity ol insulting tho people of Oregon by saying in your law that they should not do that which they had unanimously said I 1 they did not wish to do? That xxas the only effect of your leg elation so lar as the Territory of Oregon was concerned. I How was it in regard to Coliforuia? Every one of these abolition confederates who have thus arraign ed me and the Committee on 'Terri ories before the ! country—who have misrepresented onr position, and ! misquoted the law and the fact—predicted that, unless S Congress interposed by law and prohibited slavery ; in California it would inevitably become a slavehold- , — "— ■“ ■•■* K’— 1 jog State. Congress did not interfere. Congress j conduct only, the pledge would have been untrue as ^ noI pro hit.it slavery. There was no enactment ! to a very large portion ol the democratic party. upon the subject: but the people formed a Statecoo- 1 Men went into lhat convention who had been oppos. g ,[ I|ltjm| an(i prohibited slavery. ! ed lo the compromise measures—men who abhorred yj r Weller. 'The vote was unanimous in the those measures when they were pending—men who canve ,*tion of California for prohibition, j never would have voted affirmatively on them. But ^ )r Douglass. So it was m regard to Utah and inasmuch as those measures had been pas-ed and the [x; eW M. xico. In 1659, we. who resisted any at- I country liad acquiesced in lliem, and it xvas important ! tempt to torce institutions upon the people of those to preserve the principle in order to avoid agita- ( q’ orr |tories inconsistent with tlieir wishes nnd their ; tion in future, these non said: W e will waive j r i«-bt t<> decide for themselves, were denounced as our past objections, and xve xx nl stand by you L|« VPry pr „ p agaudi-ls Everyone of ns who wa* in , aud with you in carrying out these prmcip.es in the j favor of the compromise measures of 1650 was ar future. i ra j„ nP( j f„ r having advocated a principle proposing introduce slavery into those Territories, and the ! Compromise and all geographical and territorial i lines | 8ir, in order to avoid any misconstruction, I will state more distinctly xxhat my precise idea is upon tills point, solar as the Utah and Nexv Mexico b’fils included the letritory xvhich hail been subject to file Missouri Compromise provision,In Ahat extent they absolutely annulled tlie .Missouri Compromise. As tu tlie unorganized territory not covered by these bills it was supeiseded by ibe principles of the Conipro- i mise of 1850 VVe all know tnat tlie object of the I compromise measures nl 1850 was to establish certain . great principles which would avoid the slavery agi a- j tion in ad time to come. Was it our object simply j ju u^d-Vuha aeamsl ac tei.niutarv evil? 4\ as it our pb- j out again? Was Hour object to adopt a mere miser able expedient to apply to that territory, and that a- lone, and leave ourselves entirely at sea xx itbnut coin- | pass when new territory xvas acquired , or new terri- I tonal organizations "ere to he made? Was that the I object oI the eminent and venerable senator from | Ky. [Mr Clay.j who came here, and sacrificed even J his last energies upon the altar of his country? Was | that the object for which Webster, Clay, Cass, and all the patriots of that day.struggled so long and so streniously? Was it ine'ely the application of a tem porary expedient, in agreeing tu stand by past and dead legislation, that the Baltimore platform pledged us to sustain the compromise of 1850? W as it the I understanding ofthe Whig party, xxhen they adopted the compromise measures of I “SO as an article of po- j . Iitical faith that they xvete only agreeing to that I ! which was past, and had no reference to the future, i , If that was tlieir meaning, il that was their object, they ) ; palmed off an atrocious fraud upon the American peo- j pie. Was r the meaning of the democratic party, when we pledged ourselves tu slatnl hy the conipro- i mise of 1850. lhat xve spoke only of the past, and had i no reference to the future? It so it was worse than a i fraud. When we pledged onr President tu stand by | the compromise measures, did xve not understand that ] we pledged him as to his luture action? Was it as to his past conduct7 11 it had been in relation to his past the territory acquired from France, about tlx" act of 1820, he cast behind you; for the simple question is, will you allow the people to legislate for themselves uts- on the subject of slavery? Why would you not? When yon propose to give them a territorial govern ment, do you not acknowledge that they ought to ho erect-d into a political organization? ami when you give them n legislature, do you not acknowledge that they are capable of self-government? Having made that acknowledgment, why should you not allow them to exercise the rights cl legislation? Oh! these abolil ion- ists say they are entirely willing to concede all this, with one exception. They snv they are willing to trust the territorial legislature, under the limitations ofthe constitution, to legislate upon tlie rights of inheritance, to legislate in regard to religion, education, and murals; lo legislate in regard to the relaiions of husband and xvife, of parent and child, of guardian nnd ward—upon everything pertaining to the dearest rights and interests of white men; hut they are not willing to trust them to That Horrible cruellies lo Mrs. Wilson, while a eapliTe unions 1he Indians We have already announced the escape arid . re turn of Mrs. Jane Wit-on. of Texas, to Santa Fe. v. bo had been lake n captive by the Uamanciie inili. ans, and subjected to the most extraordinary cruel ties 'The affair has very justly excited the greatest indignation in New Mexico against the Indians. From.Mrs Wilson’s narrative, it appears that she is hut 17 years of age. About a ypa.i ago she was married to a young farmer in Texas and in April they joined a partx of 52 emigrant-, bound fur Cali fornia. They xveie attacked by Indians and the par ty was compelled to return to 'Texas; but Mr. and Mas. Wilson remained at Paso, where their horses being stolen, they xvero compelled also to give up l!ie p:nn of going to California, and .-et out on their return lo 'Texas in July In August, Mr Wilson and other class in our country—a degradation suggestive : of n-ll-ctioii* which are ot great and increasing pracu- : cal importance. 1 would call it evi lettce of a degra dation loxver even than woman seems to have reached in England and Scotland, "ere it not that among the 1 accusations against these free per-ons ol color, there appeared none of those brutal nnd revolting offences j so often perpetrated by abandoned women iti Great ; Britain, and hut few case- comparatively of th* ft—to xvh.oli crime destitution, am! star'vation in that conn- I try driveminy of these unfortunates. On the -nhje.cl of the difference in the number nt j - crimes commuted by slaves and f ee per-ons ofcoior j Beaumont and DeTorqnvillc sav ‘ that one strongly j deceives himself if he b' lie yes tim negroes are kept I from crime by giving them liberty; experience on ihe ! contrary has discovered that in the South ihe number i of Climes is very m uch grest'er among the free ne- j groes than among the -l ives ’’—Systran Penelrntiaric j Tom 1. P 299 As i, was then m:i.-t continue - .vhil-t the same causes op rate Again, tlie same authors say. that the proportion of women in the prisons of the Union hi come more con to repeal previous Fur the relief of certain persons. To remove an election prei met in Dekalb county. To compel Ch-iks of superior and Inferior Conns of Appling county, to keep ihvir offices at Holmes- ville. 'To repeal an act requiring Justices nfthe IVare for the 1930 dist Ware county, to hold tlieir Courts at Sweats and Joiird uns’ Smre To change th- time of holding Fall term ofthe Su perior Court ol Bulloch county T « amend an act to improve navigation of the Great Ogrcchee River, so far as relates to appomting commissioners Tu incorporate Grand Ledge Knights ot Jericho, To incorporate Lodge No 179, of Free and accep- ttd Masons For the relief of Jacob Martin. To exempt Lumpkin county from provision- of an an act to provide for Ihe education ofthe poor, approved Jan. 221 1652 'To compensate grand and petit Jurors of Appling and Irwin counties 'To reduce the Sheriff-bond of Decatur comity. 'Tor the rebel of L p vy Barty aud Allen Fatrcloth. Tlie Seriate adjourned to 3 o’clock, P, M. ■I ihe fulioxxing House The Senate met, and !>.!>- bills The Moose bill to r o fi r certain privileges upon Francis M. Wilson, of Thomas coun’y To incoiporate Baldwin Bines Building and Loan still!'and | As * oci ." ion , - , 1 To incorporate certain towns 'To make penal poisoning water courses To incorporate Union Academy, iu Randolph county. siderahle. according as xve ns.-cend into tho=e States j To incorporate f'ade county Iron Manufacmring where the negr »es are more numerous, because gru women commit infinitely more crimes, than the while women. Sec. Ibid Tom 1.272. Here the reference i-’o negro women xvho are free and this appears from a snu-eqnent note on the next page, as well asfrmn portions ofthe text, other than I til it 1 have quoted I have already remaiked upon the exceedingly small number of capital cases among our blacks; and i noxv call attention to the few eases xvhich would i have been considered felonies if committed by free ) whiles, (lew in comparison to the small aggregate I total, appearing in this report,) and to the almost i n ’ ,,e ' and Coal Company, loan q> n incorporate certain churches. The Senate adjourned to 94 o’clock to morrow. Feb 6tb. The Senate met The motion to reconsider the bill to organize th# Mosci gee Judicial Circuit xvas agreed to. Bills Passed. The bill to open 3rid rniisirnel a Itaii Road from the Western and A. R. Road, by Elbj ty, to the copper mines in Gilmer county. : legislate in regard to a few miserable negroes. . ..... , , I is their simple exception. They acknowledge that, the | hts father ,.-ll mtu the hands of Indians and were ...nr \ people of the Territories are capable of deciding fur lire absence of these malignant, bloody, atrocious, or j The bid to organize the new county of IIayne from revengeful crimes which are to be fonud, and must | the collrity ol Camden. even in the nature of things ever lie found on the j 'The bill to authorize the Justices of the Peace to crimnal calendar of every people, where the lower j grant land warrants to lire county of Montgomery, orders are beastly in habits degraded in morals, slit- I The bill requiring a vote of two thirds of the Leg- fermg from want, hntiger ci.Id, and squalor; or wrilh [ islalore to pardon a criminal condemned to be ing under the iron heel of oppression To the plain i hun<*. cnrrollary, or consequence, f may refer, in coiiclu 'The bill for lire relief nf Eli P Howell. As i have not bstore mentioned the fact, and it oc- cours to me. just here, 1 desire to remark, thata very The resolution rcques'uig Congress to establish a Naval Depot at Brunswick—adopted. Bv cmnuinn consent, Mr Brown of Baldwin re- lered 5frs. \V. return' d to F.l Paso, and again in themselves concerning while men, hut not in relation to I September started for lexa- with her three brothers- necroos. The real gist of the matter is this.- Does it in law and a small party. When within three days require ar.v higher degree of civilization and intclli- I journey of Phaimui Dili, an An erican military post pence, nnd learning and sagacity, to legislate for ne groes rtip y xxere attacked by Oam.mchfs, while some of than for white men? If it does, xve ought to adopt the j their horses that had been stolen A Mexican who abolition doctrine, and go with them against this hill—j u;1 . vv ,, ], \| fJ Wilson, was brutally murdered and tfle"great, sacred, ft.nffa.rieiitiT'rijfi^f pferM'g j er ^' ul .f a w.T„V'of 12 and” V*yea«. U '^‘seized. own instructions, consistent with ihe constitution in the i, . , , . . . 7 . r • .... , - - , , , *•; «•••'- ■ countrv—we must vote for this bill us renorfed bv the ! b ' y " nii «*rricd off. w»»h the entire piopcrty of cnnix s committed by them were occasioned by the j brides and lo provide payment thereof Committee on Territories. That is the only question j ^ party. Hie Indians with their caphves, proceed- intoxication «t one, or both of the parties— eepech.lly | The Senate .ndi jumed'to 3 o’clock, P M e I in a northwest direction, each bein*? appropriated '"* *•' wi 1 — r - ' T * * as the property ol one or other of tlie ch efs. They were stripped of nearly all tb»ir clothing, and other wise brutally trenied. Mrs VVilson. although expeet- ir»2 soon to become » niott'.e r . was snhjecled to every conceivable cruelly and indignity; beaten and bruised; exposed to fadgups of all kind-; her flesh lacerated l ir^e proportion, indeed a very large majority ol the ported a hill authorizing the Justices of the Inferior Ajcaulu :n:rJ !!uiU>ri<>s r* nnrt<*x1 .rpuinai il.a Klu«I/« o.»/I | nf fltvunly to i»sue bonds for the oay a- a consequence, a very large majority of all the! me nt of contracts made by them for the erection of involved in tlie bill. 1 hope 1 have been nble to strip it of all ihe mi8represen;ation, lo wipe away all of that mist and obscurity with whirli it has been surrounded l»v this abolition address I have now said .all 1 have to s . v on the present occa sion. For all except the first ten minutes »*f these re marks the abolition confederates are responsible. My object, in the first place, was only to explain the provis- J hy lariats and whips, or bv the loads uf wood she was i«»n9 of the hill, so that they might be distinctly under stood. I was willing to allow its assailants to attack it as much as they pleased, reservin’: to mvselfthe right, v hen the time should approach for taking the vote, to answer, in a concludingspreeh, all the arguments which might he urged against it. I still reserve what I believe common courtesy nnd parliamentary usage award to the chairman of a committee and the author of a hill—the right of sum ming up after all shall have been and which obliged to carry on hei hire back* compelled to do ; the work of men, or punished for her inability hy be- ! ing stoned, knocked down and trampled on; almost j end rely deprived of food—and ail this lasted for twen ty live iJavs. At this time, she was s. nt in advance in the morning as usual, when shejdeteimined to at- i tempt an escape, which she succeeded in accomplish* 1 in" bv secreting herself in some bushes till the I udi - has to be said against this me sure. j ar.s had passed. I hope the compact which xvas made on last Tuesday ! For twelve (lays -lie wandered through this Indian at tlie suggestion of these abolitionists when the bill xvas ! country, subsisting upon b.-rries, wh»n she fortunate- proposed to he taken tip, will be observed; it was that j ly fell in wi’li some New Mexican t nlers xvho fur- the bill when taken up to-day should continue ro be n ; shed her with some men's clothing and a blanket, considered from day to day until finally disposed of. J j 1 ri cons-'q uenee of their meeting xvifit a Camanclio, hope tl cy "ill not repudiate and violate that compact as j ( m( j leave her li.-hind. and she narrowly e«- they have the Missouri Compromise, and all others | c ;ti „ 9eCl . n( t Clp llre j;by the subsequent' aid which have been entero«I into. I hope, therefore, that i c.t t- i p .. , ■ , , * xxe may press the bill to a vote, but not by depriving * fl ' r,dtr> ■> .‘ bin ludm, -be was -r»a- J C . . a : . - ' 1 ° j bled after biding herscll lor eight days, to e-cape. j At the. expnatioii of this time, she xvas rescued hy the j traders; furnished "ifii a horse, and brought to tlie I toxvn of Pecos. Ncxv Mexico, where Major Carlton I and others, of file army, took care of her. and enabled her to proceed to Santa Fe. Such I understand to lie the meaning ol the txvo people were told, and made to beiieve, that unless we great parties al Baltimore. Such I understand did not mean this, they meant merely to adopt tiece —arily and inevitably be introduced into those resolutions which were never to be carried out, 'p err jt»ries and which were designed to mislead and to de- : VVfc || „, r< we establish the territorial goverii- ceivelhe people for the mere purpose of carrying an ! me|lU of LTial. and New Mexico without any prohi- election. bifion WeMave to these abobtioni-ts a full oppor I hold, then, that as lo tue territory covered hy the j 0 f proving whether their predictions xvere true 1 Utah and New Mexico bills there xvas an express al '- ! or false. Years have railed roue i. and the result is nulimeBt of th# Missouri Lotn;>roaii*e, and as lo all ' before us. The people there have not passed any , the otheriinorganised territories it xvas superseded by j | aw recoonizing. or esttxhlishiag. or introducing, or I ihe principles of lhat legislation: and xve are hound tu | . )rnIe( ., ing s | aV ery in the Territories, apply those principle-in the organization of all new j | know „f but one Territory ol the United States territories—all of which we now own, or which »e where slavery does exist, and'that one is where you may hereafter acquire. II this consli uctinn be given : ha?e pro |T,bited it by law. and it is this very Nebraska » it n»**ke8 that comprumt-e a Iiri.il adjust merit* No | Xcrritory 1 n defiance of the Hih section «*f the act other construction can pos-i»ly impart houlily to it. j () f |H*2tt in nufiance of congressional dictation, thera , By any other construction, the question is to be re- j ||avft ^ eil uot manv .fcHt a few slaves introduced. I . opened as soon as you ratify a new treaty acquiring j heard „ n fi„ wl erjrf'the Gospel the other dav conver- an inch of country from Mexico By -any other con- ■ wj|11 „ lllBUlljer ofthe Committee on 'Territories -truction you reopen the i-sue every time yon make *, sl;l) ;.. CI q J,j s preacher "as from Ibateonn- .a new territorial government. But. sir. if yon treat ! tr \ t nnd R member of the •Committee on Territories , the compromise measures o the light of great i j, n , iesl ion to him: “Have you anv negroes out principles sufficient torernedy the temporary evil, at ; hfire? •. , He sat,I there were a few held bv the In- I l! *e *y, ne t,,ne ‘ h »* lh, ‘y prt senh. d rules of action ap- diang , aake d his, if there were not some held by phcable exery where m all time to come, then y ou a- | wh||e n|p|1 . He sitid th e, e were a few under pectr- void the agitation forever, if you observe good faith to | i , rc j rclim9taoeeB arid he gave an instance. An ab- the provisions of these enactments and the pf.nc.ples : mi « tMiar y, » very good man. had gone there ■ established by them j from Boston, und he took his wife with him. He Mr. President I repeat lhat so far a.< the question of j got out into the country, but could not get anv help, slavery is concerned, there is nothing in ihe bill under tvnre he. being a kind hearted man. sent down to consideration which does not carry out the principle ; Mi-snnri. and gave $1,090 for a negro, and took him of the compromise mea-ures of 1850, hy leaving the ' up there as ‘help.” [Laughter] So. under pecu- people to do as they please, subject only lothepro- liar circumstances, when these fret-noil and abolition persons of an opportunity of speaking I am in favor of giving every enemy of tho hill ihe I most ample time. Let us hear them all pationtiv, and j then take the vote and pass tho bill. We xvho are in favor of it know that the principle on xvhich it is based j is right. Why, then, should we gratify the abolition j party in their effort to get up another political tornado of fanaticism and nut the country again in peril, merely ! for Ihe purpose of electing a few agitators to the Con gress of the United States? We intend to stand by the principle of the compro mise measures of 1850—that principle xvhich lost the ! presidency to the senator from Michigan [Mr. Cass] in 1848, hut " Inch triumphed in 1850, although he had 1 been a martyr in the cause—that principle to " Inch the ! democracy are pledged, not merely by the Baltimore platform, hut by a higher and a more solemn oh ligation— ! to which they arc pledged by Ihe love and affection i w hich they have for that greet fundamental principle of ! demociacy and f rec institutions xvhich lies nt the basis 1 of onr creed, and gives every political community the This is but an outline of a terrible story, the coun terpart ofAvhich. in all except tlie escape, are -aid to be frequent. A letter from Saute Fe sms that die white captives among ihe Camanches ara as numer ous as ihe Indians themselves. The same letter men tions the escape of a young Mexican woman, who re’irrns. after a year’s lerrihle captivity, expecting to become the mother of an infant whose father is a wild Indian. The C.xujiiielu-s praefice cruelly in its utmost refinement towards tlieir captives. Children are trained to be more savage than fiiey are themselves, and women are subjected to outrages tun horrible to be mentioned Tlie Saute Fe Gazette says: ‘ The txvo brothers of is this true, as to the tree persons of color, I had no means of verifying this with accuracy, but judging from the case on th“ police records, as the facts re main in the memory ofthe officers, this inference is plainly authorised. I have time, in conclusion, to deduce only a few hasty general conclusion? from the above -tan ment of crime among the blacks, and especially among si i ves From all that is thus shown, it is apparent, that onr negroes, as perhaps, 8ir Charles L-vell suggets area k rid "'arur hear fed. arid imnnlsive. and not a morose and malignant people But it is also obvious that other r inses most rest at the foundation ..f these results: for we find that among other people ofeheer fill temperaments, and kind affections, but differently situated, crimes and atrocious crimes too, are found in a fearlnl ratio to the population. '1 he?e causes, "ttluitit d ubt, we are authorized to infer are: I A wholesome morn! restraint, in which respect for tho relation ol man a ul xx-fi'e, and its incidents is generally e, courage*!, sometimes enforced hy the owners of-lave? in onr country. To maintain which these owners are in a high degree prompted by their !!itrre?ts. by the desire to obtain the services of healthy and intelligent, and able hi,died servant?, and to in crease the sto k of tlieir property by ihe natural mul tiplication of their slaves. 2. A general difinsion of practical and plain chris- tian and moral elementary principle? among ibem 3. An abundant supply of food, and clothing, as the general rule—which also die interest oflhe owner, if not In? «eri-e of duty, requires to he provided. 4. Const ferate Legislation which Ims reference to a system of restraint?, (judicious and expedient, where such an institution is maintained) on the one hand; and on the other to justice, amt humanity. These are Some of the reasons why we find, lhat this institution of slaverv, ( whose u-es were estab lished by an inscrutable Providence, and designed to 'The Senate met. The bill to aid the county of Carrol! to the 4th Congressional district was amended by adding the county of Wilkinson to the l?t Congressional dis trict, and the county nf Twggs to the 3d Congres sional district—the hilt was then passed. The bill to add a part of Crawford to the couiitv of Taylor a part nf Polk to the county of Paulding— passed. The hill to authorize the Governor lo purchase iron and loan the same to the Brunswick and Florida Rail Road company was lust. The Senate adjourned to 75 p. nt. Bills Passed. To change the line between certain counties. 'Po appropriate money for certain purposes. A large nnmher of House bills were read a first and second time, when the Senate adjourned to 94 lo- morrow morning. The Senate met Feb. 7. Bills Passed. right to govern itself in obedience to the constitution of I Mrs. Wilson are still ill captivity, and utiles? soon the country. { reclaimed will imbibe a taste for the wild life ofthe .Messrs. Chase, Wade, and Sumner followed, ufier which, Tlie Senate adjourned. I visions of the -constitution o! the Urii’ed States. If • that principle is wrong, ihe hill is wrong If that principle is right, the hill is right It is unnecessary to , quibble about pnraseology or words, it is not the mere , phraseology, that our constituents wish to judge bv, The legal effect of this bill, il it he pu--ed as repott ed by the Commit tee on Territories, is neither to legislate slavery into these 'Territories nor out of lliem; blit to leave ihe people to do as they please, under the provisions and subject to (lie limitations of the constitution of the United Slates. Why should not this principle preva l? Why should-any man. North or South, object to it? I will specially address the argument to my own section of country, and ask why should any northern man object to tins principle? If you xvili review the history of the slavery question in tlie United States you will see lhat all the great resoH-ir behalf of free institutions which have been worked out have been accomplish ed by the operation of this principle, mid hy it alnue. When these States were colonies of Great Britain, every one of them xvas a slaveholding province.— When the constitutionoI iheTJnited States W3? form ed, twelve out of the thirteen were sfaveholdtng Slates. Since that lime, six of those States have become free How has this been effected? Was It by virtue of abolition agitation in Congress? Was it in obedience to the dictates of the federal govern ment? Not at al I: hut they have become free Stales QSler the silent, but sun* andirri-si-lihle. working of that great principle of self government which tenches 1 every people to do tha; which the intf rests of them- preachers and missionaries go into the country, they can buy a negro for tlieir own use, but they dorit like to allow anv one else to do the same thing [Re newed laughter ] I suppose the fi.ci of the matter i- tlii-'.-ihere. the people can get no servants; no • help” as they are called iu the section of country where I was born. and. from the necessity of the case, thev must do the best they can. and for this reason a few slaves have been laken there I have no doubt that, whether you organize the Territory of Nebraska or not. this will continue lor scute time to coine. It certainly does exist, and it will increase as long as the Missouri Compromise applies to the Territory: and I suppose it xx ill continue for a little while during their territorial condition, whether a prohibition is imposed or not. But when settlers rush in—when labor becomes plenty, and therefore cheap in that climate, with its productions it is worse than fully to thiuk of its being a slavehjlding country I do not believe there is a man in Cougress who thinks it could be permanently a slaveholding State. 1 have no idea that il could. All 1 have lo say on that sub ject is. that when you create them into a Territory. yi it thereby a* knowledge that they ought lo be con sidered a distinct political organization And when you give them, iu addition,® legislature, you thereby confess that they are competent to exercise the pow ers oflegiaiation If they wish slavery, they have a right to it. If they do not want it, they will not have it. and you should not force it upon them. I do not like, I never did like, the system of legis lation on nor part, by which a geographical line, in. From the Savannah Republican. HON. ALFRED H IVERSON. An esteemed correspondent, writing to us from ; Liberty county, sends us tho following sketch of I Judge Iverson, our newly elected United States 8en- i alor:— RICKBOKO’. Feb. 3d. 1654. I Messrs Editor-: I see in your editorial in the Ke- ! publican of the 26th till, a statement that Judge I ver- j son is a native of Burke county- This remark called j up to my mind the subject of the Judge’s ancestry. I some account of whom f propose to -ketch lor you j and your reader?. ! I find that Judge Iversou by his mother’s side is a l regular descendant of the Pilgrim Puritans. His i gre it grandfather, William B iker, xvas one of the ! fir-l settlers of Liberty county. His mother xvas a I Al iss Jonas of this county. After her marriage to : Mr- (verson they removed. I think to Burke ronti- ! tv. Fur several years. Mr. Iverson, the father ofthe i Judg*. represented that county ill the Legislature, ! and xvas Speaker of ihe House ot Representatives, } us the journals of the House will show. | Judge Iverson lias a lung list of connexions among : the descendants of the Puritans of li.i? county 'The j late Rev. S J Cassels, and Mr. William Jones of Liberty enuuty, are near kinsmen-of his Dr. Darnel Baker of Texas, is also his kinsman. J udge Iverson graduated at Princeton While at College, he took a high stand as a scholer.the second hoi or of the graduating class having been conferred upon him. Yours, tike., Newport. Ihe Adminislratiuu Sustaith.d un the Nebraska Hill—Il xvili he seen by tlie dispatch on our first page, that the Senate havp sustained Gen Pierce’s administration on the Nebraska bill by a handsome vote, Tlie test arose on the motion of Mr. Chase, to strike out the words in the fourth section of the bill, xvliich declares the Missouri Compromise prohib iting the introduction of slavery north of the line 36°’3(1 sirperseded| by the compromise of 140. The motion to strike o in xx-a* lost by a vote of 30 to 13. 'Thus have the agitators of the new crusade against the South received a stunning rebuke from the Senate, who have nobly sustained the administration in its efforts to maintain the integrity of the com promise adjustment oflhe Slavery question—It is such actions that will give confidence to the South and peace and quiet to the country. 'The war of Hards and Sojts wilt cause no longer uneasiness, xvbile the finality of the compromise and the good faith of the North is proclaimed by such votes in Congres.—dan. Nines. crime, and all that it entails upon a people. V’ery respectfully, Your Exct lleney’s ob’t -erv’t. E. STARNES. Indian and he forever !u?t Then tire many hun dreds and xve max venture io -iv thousands of cap- raptivps among the Indians of New Mexico, princi pally women and children, the former are forced lo become the slaves ofthe men and the latter are t ain ed for warriors.” When Gov Merrixvether came out, he was fortu nate enough to rescue two Mexican girls from the Camanches—one 16 and the other 18 years ol age — They had been captured near Gbihiipluta. one three year? and the oilier ten months before. They xvero sent to the Governor of that Stale, xvho acknowl edged the conduct of the Governor ofNexv Mexico in very handsome term?. They said there were a large nnmher of Mexican women in captivity.and they saw one A nerican wo men with a small child: that an Indian one day. when they were traveling on horseback, took tile child Irom its mother, threw it up into the air. aud as it came down caught it on hi-spear, and that others *ode up at full gafiob, look-it on their spears, and so passed il around among the party, Purely our Governor will imi permit such outrages logo unpunished, even if it he ne-essarx to exttr initiate the w hole n ibe of these brutal savages. Absconded-—barge Heratrd.— W'e learn fiom Dr. Fisher, nfthe firm of Fisher, Aotexv & Co, of Columbia, ilia’ a man By ihe name of .James Phillips, al'SContl, tl from Wkinshoro.’ S Coe, on the-24'h ult., with about S20.G00 of their m'inev, in Ivlls. is believed on the Planter** Bank of Fair- j ship \Vo,„] coC k. built in Maine or 1.100 field. A reward of $5000 is offered for the (tons, sold for about apprehension'of the delinquent and recov ery of the money, ami at aptiropoitionate texvarc for the recovery of any potion of the funds attracted. Phillips is said to be about 30 years of age five feet ten inch es in height. proportioned, dark hair and rather inclined to baldness, has a red fare and a flesh mark on one side of Ids neck, approaching a claret color. Our contem poraries generally will further the ends of justice by inserting a notice of the above lacts. and Banks, Brokers anti others who may have negotiated lecentlv any large amount oflhe [tills in ques'ioti with sttang ers, would Confer a favor by cornmunica ting tho particulars forthwith to Messrs. Fi-sbei, Ague iv ic Co., at Columbia.— Char. Courier. 8th insl. 'To pay h sum of money to John R. Jenkins. To allow Executors Administrators nnd Guardians ro resign th p ir trust on certain condition?, as amended by the Judiciary Committee. The bill of f louse to amen I an act to prescribs the mode of collecting Coroner’# fees in this 8tate. 'The .Senate adjourned to 3 o’clock P. M. The Senate met. Bills Passed. To a mend an act incorporating the Habersham and Union 'Turnpike Company The House bill in reference to continuances in certain eases To compel persons to give in and pay taxes on ■xist despite file puny efforts and reviling? of weak i improved or unimproved lands in the county of and ignorant men. until Hi? all wise purposes shall he Wayne accomplished) when wc would esiimutr its valne i To eniend an act lo prevent controversies respect- with relation lo that sum of human suffering, and sin, ! ing boundaries in Ihis 8tale. which go to make up crime, though nnsiglrify. and I The snbstimie forrho bill iri rekuion to the Public disagreeatde il may be. io some of us features, ‘wears i Printing, as passed by the Moose, ye* a precious jewel in its head*'—ibe almost price- j To make uniform .a standard of weights and meas les- jem ofcnmparative immunity from this curse of ! ure io fids Stale. GRAND MILITARY ENCAMPMENT li ha- been proposed hy the Volunteer Companies nf this city to hold a grand Encampment ofallthe Volunteer Cnmpariies of (.‘corgi i. al the citv of Ma- con commencing on the 2l'h June, and ending on the 5lh July next Circulars have been accordingly addressed te all the companies in the State, soliciting •heir co operation in this matter; and our Represen tatives at Milledgeville wifi endeavor to procure an appropriofi m by the Legislature to aid , n mectim* the expense attending tin- new movement The nhj• ct as xve are informed, is mainly to bring before the people aud file Slate authorities the total irnffioienri .(not to *ay ridiculousness.) of the proa- cut militia law* of this 'Stale, and to devise some oth er system, hy the operations of which the inoperative statute shah be entirely abolished. We go in for the ; Iiecn|,< J 9me accotnp'isliuienl of the latter, and believe the ar- * *- "' rangrntent here suggested to be as good as nnv thst can be proposed for seeming the object desired What say onr brethren of the pres- ? — Enquirer. To incorporar#the Savannah, Griffin and North Alabama Rail Road To ippr. pria'e money to pay certain persons To incorporate the Merchants and Planters Bank. To exempt certain persons in McIntosh connty front Jury duty. The blank? in ihe report of the Committee on th# Stale of the Republic, in reference to ihe National Monument, wa? filled with the names ol Hon As bury Hull and Mon M J Wellborn, Adjourned to 7 o’clock. The Senate met. Bills Passed. To incorporate Forsyth and Lumpkin Rail Road Company. 'To form a new comity from Muscogee, Marion ard S'ewarl counties—Inst, recuusiderad on Wednes day and passed. A large number o( hills of the Home were read a mod time. Senate adjourned lo 9 o’clock to morrow. February 8. Senate met. The Seriate reconsidered several bills los-t yester- ‘ Hie billowing vessels ; The bill to form a new county from the counties haxp recently cnanopfi oxvnei.?; The nexv ! Muscoge# Marion. Stewart, passed i Haase BtHs passed htj the Senate. ... S IS.000, to he employ- i To incorporate Exchange Bank in the city of Sa- ed in rite London tcnle; clipper ship fc-word j vaiinnh fi-h, Built in JSol. hy \Y m, H. VWbEi in change the corporate name and style of th# I his city, nf 1021 -dd f.rr' about Soo 000- a,ld , Fire ,M » r »nce Bank . ’ . i j To amend Hit act to appoint certain commissioners schooner Alexander Mttchel. three-rirtst- for the Savannah River. ed, 173 ions, built in Philadelpt ia, 5 years To change the name of Joseph D. Bartlett " ,i( J old, sold f,.r 86 500; schooner Julia A- Mis- H,h, ’ rs - To apply seventy five thousand dollars to the re- demp'ion of any hot ded liabilities of the State. Tn pay D \V Tav lor a sum of money, Toprevent firing of xvoods in certain counties. The Senate adjourned to 3 o'clock. The Senate met at 3 o’clock. Bills Passed. Te after and amend an act inenrperatins ibe Coe- sa and Ohxtionga River Rad Road Company. For ilie relief of Needham Smith. To allow the Receiver of Tax Returns #f Warren county to appoint an assistant. By unanimous consent Mr. Cochrane offered * aeries of Resolution? supporting Mr. Dongl*’’ “' I ter, 150 tons, built in Biltimore, 3 years ot< , sold fin $>u 000; brig Ammonoustick, of 250 tons one year old, ?,,ld for $11,500; ship I.-aiah Crowell, noxv at Boston, sold I fur 830,000, bat k St. Andrew, nf 3000 tons, built in Maine, one year (>id, a new ship on \ stock- at Nexxcastle, both sold at private! sale; and the bull of tlie Uteat Republic j sold to the Underwiiteis for about 8250,- j 000, which includes tlie total amount of I insurance effected on her in Noxv York,! Boston and Philadelphia, j
