Newspaper Page Text
BOi«IiTO.\, MSBET & BAltVES,
Publishers and Proprietors.
I. \INBKT. \ *•
Editoi'ii.
JO*. If.
ESia riDBSAL ursrioKT,
/> pub/txhrd JJ cekly. m JIilledgeriJle, Ga.
(' r/i, r of Hancock and Wilkinson Sts.
( opposite Court House. J
At <S2 a year in Advance,
(Unless in Advance, $3 Pkr Annum.)
BATES OF ADVERTISINC.
Per si/uarr of twelve tines.
On i:,-ertion$l HO, and fifty cento for each subsequent
, .. jtinuaiK'f.
7 ., -at without the specification of the number of
’ii- 1 will tie published till forbid aud charged
Professional Cards, per year, where they
., x e. d Six Links - . . $10 00
'C ■ ' trill Itc mode with those who wish to
. I rtisr by the year, occupying a specified space
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS.
S Land and Negroes, by Administrators, Ex-
■ irs or Gnardiana, are required by law to be held
n i n -day in the month; between (lie hours of
noon and three in the afternoon, at the
• •■’ii-" hi the county in which the property is sit-
v •• of; h’-sesalea must be given in a public ga-
. s previous to the day of sale.
- ii’- of personal property must begiv-
.i* milliner 10 days previous to sole day.
. tin- debtors and creditors of uu estate must
„’-11 be published 40 days.
V i! li lt application will be made to the Court of
<t irvt>r leave to sell Land or Negroes, must be
. ithlislieJ for two months.
< ' tori ‘tors of Administration Guardianship,
-t• published 311 days—for dismission from
•i -tnition. monthly six months—for dismission
i Gu irdianship, 40 days.
.. foreclosure of .Mortgage must be published
a lone months—fur establishing lost papers,
•• pars of three months—for compelling titles
ut'«rs or administrators, where bond lias been
_; ’ll by the deceased, the fuil space of thr
I’ i’ ttions will always be continued according to
—. bn legal n ouirementa, unless otherwise ordered
►,t the following
I? A f E S :
( ' . ’iis, on letters of administration, &c. $1173
“ (Lsmissory trom yfdmr’n. 4 30
“ Guardianship. 3 00
! -.veto sell Land nr Negroes 4 00
Notice to debtors and creditors. 3 00
Saies Of personal property, ten days, 1 sqr. 1
Sale of land or negroes by Executors, &c. pr »qr. 5 00
K«tr..vs, two weeks 1 50
1- .»r a m : ■] ad vertising his wife (in advance.) 5 00
VOLUME XXXI.]
MILLED SEVILLE, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, J AN U A R Y 15, 1861.
[NUMBER 34.
1860. Fall and Winter, 1860.
TINSLEY AND NICHOLS
DEALERS IN
GEXEItAL A DVE RTISEMENTS.
J. A. & AV. W. TURNER,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
Eatonton, Ga.
October, 18, 1839. 21 lv.
COATES A W00LF0LK
(U'tarcliotisc ani (Commission
iMERCHANTS,
iti lnow open anil prepared for the reception of
their NEW FIRE PROOF WAREHOUSE.
■P’lsite Hardeman & Sparks. We will endeavor to
ii s-lveaw.irthv of the patronage of those who
fiv ir us with tlmir business. Liberal advances
in ie on cotton when desired.
Al.e-.MI Ga.. Sept. 21, 1859. 18 tf.
.70/5NT E. SOWDOIIff,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
t-riVTOVI'ON, GA.
r.itonton. Ga., Feb. 14, I860. 38 tf.
E5ES. IslTTLE’S C
VERMIFUGE.!
1 i LARGE Billies and Vials. ^
**
:!i!nsf i- i <(aired to relievo childrou of ^
. ;t :;d o.-si.lfs Wing ouo «»f the chon post and t—j
-r gtiiit’uuo.-s ever offered to the public. Its fro- ^
we iu families will nave much trouble and •—s
• .j-iisi*. as well as the lives of many children—for ^
_.it out of every ten generally require it. ^
A CARD.
! .T T» HORMAN having extensively used LIT-
i VERMIFUGE, takes pleasure in saying it
f most valuable remedy to cure children of
x S he ever knew. A d-'llat bottle is quite
‘l At *? »TTOX, Ga., Feb. 3, ls60.
LITTLE’*
AKG3YHE COUGH DROPS.
A endttin cure for Cold*, Coughs, Bronchitis,
Asthma, Vein in the Breast; also Croup,
Whooping Coughs, &c., Ac.,
a >nongxt Children.
This is a pleasant medicine to take, producing im-
meuiate relief, and in ain« out of ten cases a prompt
wire It exerci.-os* the most controlling influence
v. r r.mghs aud Irritation of the Lungs of any re-
lv 1;;i i\vn. often stopping the most violent
a
nu-fi it
ay or tv
Many .
.iecidedly consumptive, have been
j: .luplly cured by nsing a few bottles. As anodyne
,rant, without astringing the bowels, it stands
; • mount to all cough mixtures.
SjITTLE’S
FRENCH MIXTURE.
r.:« is prepared from a French Recipe (In the
f'Ttiiw ..f N.i, i and 2; the first for the acute, aud
‘J. for ihe chronic stage, 1 and from its unexampled
• > is likeiy to supersede every other remedy
f r ii;. cure of diseases of the Kidneys and Biadder,
. u)irh«eal, Blennorrbceal, aud Leucborrhoeal or
Vi'-.-r AI bus affections. This extensive compound
* s properties totally different in taste and
r .natter fro in any thing to be found in the United
>: •>- i’.'.arniacopaeia ; and in point of safety and efli-
c • j y h uut rivalled iu America*
l. g T 'S' L E ’ s
RINGWORM & TETTER OINTMENT.
FOKTIS, No. 2.
ii iTidreds of cases of Chronic Tetters, Scald Heads,
? i diseases of the skin generally, have been cured
’ / t i!: s remedy; and since the introduction of the
j preparation -being stronger; scarcely a case
b n found that it will not effectually eradicate
... a h rt time. For the euro of Cancerous Sores
* i I'lct-ta it is applied in the form of plasters, aud
i- :iliro-s infallible.
In l. r<* than two hundred places iu Georgia, and
Southern States, they are to be had ; and as
* .-Tf are scamps about who are counterfeiting liia
•‘difs, by palming off their own or something
' y U'iug the same or similar names ( for no pa-
■ .- want . i MfBTWl amid the ftbsord patents of
let all !>e cautioned to look well for tbe
* ^nature of the Proprietor, thus:—
P3
iNo his uame blown into the class of each bottle. ^
All order* and letters to be addressed to
LITTLE & BR0., g*
'A’Lulasal*» I)^ucgi^ts» Macon. Q*
1.1 Ly all Druggists in Milledgeville.
1IERTY & HALL, Ag^nis.
(HER0HEE REMEDY!
AN UNFAILING CUKE FOR
ea ed-3 HI Diseases of the Drinsiy Oimbs,
:•; ■ i F.nY . irw wh™ nil «tk*-r pr p«t»ri«n. fall It fa
. . V. rv oth’T i-oi.qvi.md; rr.n'miiinu no MIS-
■m.N NAI'SK.OIS DP.LH; os it i. pn-prnd .ul.lv
•I', at.it LEAVES, and lm. Imudt^
A", '■•■’ i, ;m l IH OKH IN
i . itiiii'i ■ on ii» own intrin-ir merit..
• . • I ,:', ,ro,. s blT. The rNFORTD-
- , t re *M bv n'-ini till. REMEDY to-
... . .t,: the mer'ev of . line Uua.-k or Profra-
:i I MKItV -Irik, tlievei.V KOOTol the
-,. „d the i.’-i-ion. but t” REMOVE
• j • _Ki.ll direction!in pbanipblet
p. edvaud permauelit relief af-
„il foOS< IRK IKEA GLEET.
< Ti UK, KH'oR ALBL'S (W HITES IN
inftbc Irinanr Orean.. low arton-
ol tilease Titfa Reinedv not only
SON front ike SYSTEM but INVIGORATES
iiutituti
Hive received their SPRING AND SUMMER SUPPLIES, and respectfully solicit, not only
llu ir former customers, but the public efencrally. to call and examiuo tiieir LARGE- and ^ A-
R1ED STOCK. ' * J
Extraordinary Inducements! j
NEW STORE ! NEW GOODS ! I
r MOULD I3ESPECTFULLY invite the atten- I
L tion of the citizens of Milledgeville, aud the
surrounding country, to my
PAI.Ti STOCS.
—OF—
DRY GOODS!
4boo¥aTd SHoSIfii : zmmhats, & caps.
which will be sold as Low for Cash, or Lower, ‘ WAYNE STREET, MILLEDGEVILLE, GA. i
hr.n any otlier House in the City; and warranted to 1
?ive Satisfaction. Iain just receiving my stock of
FALL GOODS,
Knowing the wants and tastes of my Customers.
I have selected with great care, the Latest
Style axi> Fashion, of all kinds of
DEES3 GOODS,
D A J1 ^ i
T RI 2VX ItI Z ? J Gr 3 !
SHA ~%R7~ L JS 2
And a I.arge Assortment of
Silks, aud all Styles of
WHITE GOODS.
Also, a Large Assortment of
WOKS, AND ALL KINDiTOF
I
llest made Calicos, from 7 to 10 cents.
BOOTS A PI a SHOES! j
A Large Supply of GENTS, LADIES, MISSES,
and CHILDREN’S. Also a Large Lot of BRO- j
GAN’S, for Negro wear, from 89 cts. to s I 3lj cts. i
HATS! CAPS
HATS A3JJ3 CAPS, a
I.arge Assortment of MENS, BOYS, AND
CHILDREN.
HOOP SKIRTS!
39 Springs, Good Quality, §1 90, aud Finer
Grades in proportion.
BLAH Z0L ETS !
Fine Bed, Mackinaw, Negio, Horse, Railway,
Crib, tSccAc.
Iv cw is yonr time ! Come one, Come
all ! and look at iny Laige Stock of GENTS,
BOYS, and CHILDREN, and SERVANTS
L'LL'A'imiLL
Also a Laige Assortment of
GENTS FURNISHING GOODS!
Consisting of Shirts, Collars, Drawers, Unde:
Shirts. Ac., Ac.
CASH BUYERS, will lied that thpy can save
money by making their Purchases here, as my
Large Stock must be disposed of during the pres
ent Season.
J. ROSENFIELD.
Wayne st, 2 doors above Grieve A Clare’s
DiU'i; Store.
Milledgeville, September 5th, 1860. 1C 4ni.
WASHINGTON HALL.
This House is still open to the public.
S PECIAL arrangement will be made fur
the accommodation of the Members to
the approaching STATE CONVENTION,
and the future Sessions of the Legislature.,
The and terms -at this il< use, will
those of the other Public Houses in this citv.
X. C. 13AliNETT.
Milledgeville, Oa. Dee. 15th, I860. XU dv\
SANFORD'S
LIVER INVIGORATE R.
Never Debilitates.
T IS COMPOUNDED ENTIRELY from GUMS,
an'f has become an established iii:9, a Stamlard
Medicine, known and ap. |
used it, and is now resor- -
all the diseases for wliiclilK
It lias cured thousands Q
who liad given up all _
numerous uusa!icitedcer-|“
show. !
Tlie dose must be
proved by af! that hat
ted to with contidence in
it is recommended,
within thelast two years
hopes of lelief, as the
titicates iu my possess.on
adapted to the tempera-
rri ' l ,1 _
merit of the individual " | taking it, and used m
such quantities as to act Q gently outlie Bowels.
Let the dictates of j your judgment guide you
n the use of the Liverj^j Invigoratoi*Bind it will
•ure Liver f ~ 1 " ■> > ... .
iia, Chrouic
tiveness,Cholic, Cholera, j
Infantum, F1 atu 1 e nee.
ses, and may he used
inent of attack. >'
All who use it are giv- L^ ing their testimony in its
favor Lj |
Mix irater in thc\ jmouth with the ln-
visforator, and swallow both together.
Price one dollar per bottle.
—ALSO—
SANFORD’S
FAMILY
1 HIS DEPARTMENT is complete, embracing ail the fttylc* of yiERlXOS, IY<*
liAS.NKM, UOPl.l.Xs, French, Kngli^h and American PRINTS, Ac., Ac.
I^ace Goods aud Embroideries
IN ENDLESS VARIETY,
£1 osiery and Oloves of every quality
FOR A1EH, BOYS, LADIES, MISSES AND CHILDREN.
VELVET and ( LOTH CLOAKS, of various styles and prices.
HOUSE-KEEPING
AND
PLANTATION GOODS.
In tins department tliev Itave everytliing usually kept in their line
at prices a little less than can be had elsewhere.
nATS AND CAPS, OF THE LATEST STYLES, for Men and Bojs.
BOOTS AKTD SHOES,
OF ALL QUALITIES, for Men, Ladies, Boys, Misses and Children, at low prices.
CARPETINGS and RIGS, of all kinds.
eiiOSIIS, CASSISSSaSSS and VESSTUaS, Of all Colors and Qualities.
mm a mmw m&m wnii
A LARGE EOT. AND CHEAP.
20 tf.
C I
© f
^ C b-
O ^
p 7 C
53 M “
es ■?! ft |
2 ® §
C7>
ri
2LH
r.a
5 0
— s
zf.
2 ^
_ ^ 2
5 C
r: “g
2- H
cr? ’rr ^
to
?
to
to
C/71 _o 2^, O
- » as ^ c-
eg
= Jta
■j - 1%,
it s
U »
a
*2
- H
X o
- a ^
_ 3^ 2
X
i Summer Cnmpla
. i. r
nts.Dy-
c
—
Sto
muli. Iluhit
lal Cos-
to
>
|Ch<
lent Morbus.
Cholera
C5
Jaundice. Femal
•YVt-ak-
W
-
j smw
\vi!
eessfnlly ns an
cure Sick lie
Ordiua-
adaciie,
©
—
J
in t
tak
wenty minutes, if two
en at the commence-
NS
i
S s;
jn \
\
Cathartic Tills
COMPOUNDED FROM
Pure Vegetable Extracts, and -put vp in
Glass Cases, Air Tight, and will keep in
any climate-
FT.il
LTj
m
>
•2j
O
rs
5 -
% i
5. •
*
s
5
55
8
I
s
1*
<
&
*
a
r*
o
m
iv
1— H
So
ii 8
s
a
n*
X
0
m
K A
VL
sa
P
M ^
® t
» «
" o
Ir2
x 2
a ^
3
S C b,.
iZ ^
g.
%
SS
0
SB
H
%
£-<
H
R _ 2
<C wU
5K ^
pq
£2
IS
. o
► 8^2
c
H
hh
H
n
S5
| Pill is a gentle but active
prietor has used iu lii
• [ty years.
Hi ing demand from those
^ Pills, amt the satisfaction
j gat'd to their use, lias in-
” within the reach of all.
m know that different Ct-
nn tics act on different portions of the bowels.
The Family Cathartic 1 Pill has, with due refer
red o this well estnb- | lished tact,been compoun
ded from a variety of the O (purest Vegetable l-.x-
acts, which act 'alikeon *. every part of the alimen-
ii v canal, and are good t, |and safe in nil cases
here a Cathartic is | ( needed, such as Derange
ments of the Stomach,!M Sleepiness, Pains in the
Back and Loins. Costive- 1 ness. Pain and soreness
over the whole body. | from sudden cold, which
frequently, if neglected, SB |end iu a long course oi
fever. Loss of Appetite, t, a Creeping Sensation of
Cold over the body, Rest-j ilessness, Headache, or
ight in the Head, ah' 5 ! Inllaraatory D is ease s,
inns in Children or q| Adults, Rheumatism, a
' of the I blood, aud many diseases
The Family Cathartic
Catharti \ which the pro
practice more than twen-
Tlie constantly increas-
-ho liar'e lot>g used the
hich all express iu re
duced me to place them
The Profession we"
th
\\
great l’uritier
to
•III J UIIUCI ...V I’MOVU,
whicl flesh is heir\ |to, too numerous
mention in this adverflSement, I>oeo, 1 to 9.
Price Three D i m c s .
d. C5AMB & CO.
“BAZAAR OF FASHION.”
YTTE ARE NOW IN the full tide of successful operation with the largest and most CHOICE
} t STOCK OF
AW35 37 , ^.3NTC?'E'
!• LiverInvigorator and Family Cathartic Pills
..‘tailed by Dtuggpts generally, arid sold wholesale
the Trade in all the large towns.
S. T. W. SANFORD, M. I>.
50 lv. Manufacturer and Proprietor
208, comer of Fulton st , Broudway, X. Y.
Tiit
are rt
by
airb it a*'
,.-b l-)tt!
-. ■ ’t 'a KKF.CT the BREATH or INTERFERE
'•ss„f BUSINESS, or r»*quin* any deviation trom
H-ta.-tni!’** 1 from other mi-di.-iiit.
NH VNCES its VALUE, i. the ENTIRE
I N UTSEACS TASTE, fa in* a PLEASANT
Mt lovssYiiup.
,,r till’s* brittle, for T 1
■■UTTERk MERtVIN, Sole
. n.'Yv HERTY A HALL, and all Drosgiiti
CLOTHING.
I(2ILL£1>GI>VXL&ZI
IKON AND BRASS FOUNERY!
V ■ 1 I.LY Sl FEUROWS would respectfully in-
’ in the public that they nrenow prepared to
1 any work in their line with neatness and des
lias SUGAR MILL ROLLS, turned or un
of any «ize from 20 to 120 dollars per sett,
.'•Ait KETTLES from 30 to 120gallons ; Saw and
M ill Machinery; Gin Gear of any size.
n ins; for House, Harden, Balconies,
and Cemeteries, at Eastern Prices.
oid Clock Weights, Window Sills and Caps,
> i’ ■ -. and Fanning Mill Irons of all desenp-
aiado of the best materials.
-A W ork Warranted.
Hiil.d gev ille, Jan. 24, 1859. 35 *f
F. G. DANA,
(LATE VASA If fVASHBLRS)
Factor and Commission
aCB’Js DlFIATf UN
SA VANS A H. GA.
1* CONTINI'E the above business at tl»e old stand or
£ Dana K. Washburn, 114, Buy street, and am pre
pared to make liberal advances on all produce con-igu-
ed to mv care. , _
August 1, lSf.0. U6m -
50 Saw Cotton Gin for Sale.
ONE of WATSON'S best 50 Saw Cotton Gins,
is offered for sale. This Gin is new, and is equal
to any in use. Sold for no fault, the present ow
ners having no use for it. Any planter wan "'f- r a
good Gin, can have a chance to get one at a re
duction on the regular price. Apply at this offic .
or of N. Tift, or J. H. Watson, at Albany.
NOTIONS, tfcc., cAJc.,
THAT IT HAS EVER BEEN OUR PLEASURE TO OFFER TO THE PUBLIC, IN WHICH
WE ARE OFFERING
RARE INDUCEMENTS,
AS EVERYBODY KNOWS THAT NOBODY CAN UNDERSELL US.
BEAUTIFUL, ALL WOOL DELAINE, in neat and Elegant Styles at 50 cts., Worth 75cts.
NEW DELAINES, at 25 cents, worth37
SOLID COLOR WORSTED GOODS, at 37 cents, worth 62 1-2 cents.
RED, ALL Wt OL FLANNEL, at 25 cents.
PANTS GOODS, at 29 cts.. worth 37 cts.
BLACK AND FANCY SILKS, at very low figures. ALL LINEN TOWELS, at 12 1-2 cents.
CLOAKS of the latest styles, fully 25 per cent below usual prices. Double Shawls at $6, worth *8.
EMBROIDERIES, such as Jaconet and Swiss Edgings and Insertions.
Jaconet Band and Rich Fionnces COLLARS of the most beautiful needle work.
JACONET SET1S without limit. RICHLY worked HANDKERCHIEFS of all patterns. Our
superioiity in this line needs no mention.
500 Pair BROGANS, at OOcte., worth §1 25.
r,f 0 pair Calf BROGANS, at §1 10, worth $ I 50.
150 ’• Children Shoes (with heels) at 50cts.
worth 75cts.
200 Pair Women’s Shoes, at 75 cents, worth
$ I 25.
150 Pair Women’s Heel Calf Shoes, at $1 00
worth § I 35.
300 Business Cuats, at $3 50, worth $5 00.
50 Cassimere Coats, at 00. worth fjiSOO.
50 Black Cloth Coats, at $9 00, worth $14 00.
1U0 Over Coats, $5 00, worth $800. '
OUR STOCK IS UNUSUALLY FULL, WHICH IS THE CAUSE OF OUR
REDUCTION IX PRICES.
COXAE ONE, AND COME ALE, nnd secure the GREAT BARGAIN'S.
j. GAXS & CO.
January 1st. 1861.
25 Pilot Over Coats, at $9 09, worth $14 00.
25 Garrick Over Coats, at $14 00, worth $20.
50 Assoi ted Vests, at $1 00, worth $1 25.
50 Cassimere Vests, at $1 50, worth $2 2.!.
50 Plush Vests, at $4 50. worth $7 90.
100 pair Punts at $1 00, worth $1 50.
59 ” Satinet Pants, at $1 59, worth $2 25.
50 “ Cassimere Pants, at $2 09 worth $3 90.
50 “ Black Cloth Pants, at $4 50, worth $6.
25 “ Extra Cassimere Pants, at 5 00, worth
$7 90.
TEE CGES.E&FONDEN3E
BETWEKS
The foasarfssioRfrs a id she President of the
lasted States.
P.enili’Ul Harhnunn iScfases :o Kec.-ire
one of Die Comasunicatiaas.
Ti e following officta! correspondence between the
Commissioners and the President of the United
States was laid before the Convention in secreet
si ssiou last night.
Washington, 29,h Dec. 1860.
SlR: We have the honor to tianrmit to yon a
copy of the full powers from the Convention of
the people of Soutli Carolina, under which we are
"authorized and empowered to treat w ith the Gov-
err.m-nt of the United States for thedt-livery of the
fortti, magazines, light houses, and otlier lea! es
tate. with their appurtenances, in the limits of
South Carolina; and also for an apportionment of
the public debt, and for a division of all other
property held by the Government of the United
States ns agent of the Confederated States of
which South Carolina was reci ntiy a member, and
generally to negotiate as to all other measures and
arrangements proper to he made and adopted in
the existing relation of the parties, and for t Ire con
tinuance of peace and amity between this Com
monwealth and the Government at Washington.
In the execution of this trust it is our duty to
turnish you, as we now do, with an official copy of
the Otdiiiance of SecessionJjy which the State of
Soutli Carolina has resumed the powers she dele
gated to the Government of the United States,
and has declared her perfect sovereignty and inde
pendence.
It would also have been our duty to have in-
rormea yon that we are trapy to frrgottate with
honorable gentlemen to exert their influence for
the purpose expressed. The event has proven that
they have faithfully kept this promise, although
I have never since received a line from anyone of
them, or from any member of the Convention, on
the subject. It is well known that it was my de
termination, and this I freely expressed it. not to
reinforce the forts in the harbor, and thus produce
a collision, until they had been actually attacked,
or until I had certain evidence that, they were
about to be attacked. This paper I received most
cordially, and considered it as a happy omen that
peace might be still preserved, and that time miglit
be thus given tor reflection. This is the whole
foundation for the alleged pledge.
But I acted in the same inanndr as I would have
done had I entered into a positive and formal
agreement with parties capable of contracting,
although such an agreement wouM have been, on
iny part, from the nature of my official duties, im
possible. The world knows that 1 have never
sent any reinforcements to the forts iu Charleston
harbor, and I have certainly never authorized any
change to be made "in their relative military sta
tits ” Bearing upon this subject, I refer you to an
order issued bp- the Secretary of War, on the 1 Ith
inst., to Major Anderson, but not brought to my
notice until the 21st inst. It is as follows:
“MEMORANDUM OF VERBAL INSTRUCTIONS TO
MAJOR ANDERSON, FIRST ARTILLERT, COM
MINDING FORT MOULTRIE, S. C.
“You are aware of the great anxiety of the
Secretary of War that a collision of the troops
with the people of this State shall be avoided, and
of liis studied determination to pursue a course
with reference to the military force and forts with
in tLis harl o’, which shall guard against such a
collision, lie has therefore carefully abstained
from iimroaiirijr tiia f.irce at this point, or Taking
J on upon all such questions as are oecessarillp-I *py measures which might add to the present ex
raised bp the adoption of this Ordinance, and that j citoJ state of the public mind, or which would
vve were prepared to enter upon this negotiation, | throw any doubt on the confidence lie feels that
with the earnest desire to avoid all unnecessary South Carolina will not attempt by violence to nb
and hostile collisions, and so to inaugurate our | * a ; r i possession of the pub ic works, ur interfere
new relations as to secure mutual respect, general
advantage, and a future of good will and harmony
beneficial to all the parties concerned.
But the events of the last twenty-four hours ren
der such an assurance impos-ible. We came here
the representatives of an authority which could,
at any time within the past sixtubiys, have taken
possession of the forts in Charlfl^Pi haibor, but.
which, upon pledges given in a manner that, we
cannot doubt, determined to trust to your honor,
rather 1 ban to its own powi-r. Since our arrival
here an officer of the United Stat-s, acting, as we
are assured, not only without, hut against, p-onr
orders, lias dismantled oue foit and occupied an
other—thus altering, to a most impoitant extent
the condition of affairs under which we came.
Until these circumstances are explainnd in a
manner which relieves tis ofall doubt as to the
spirit in which these negotiations shall be con
ducted, we ate forced to suspend all discussion as
to any arangements by which our mutual int* rests
miglit be amicably adjuste 1.
And, in conclusion, we wonld urge upen you the
the immediate withdrawal of the troops from the
iiarbor of Charleston. Under present circum
stances, they area standing menace which renders
negotiation impossible, and, as our recent expe
rienee shows, threatens speedily to bring to a
bloody issue questions which ought to be settled
with temperance and judgement.
We have the honor to be.
Very respectfully, your ob't serv’ts,
R. W. Barnwell, )
J. H. Adams ;•
Jas. L Ork, )
To the President of the United States.
•Commissioners.
the president’s reply.
Washington City, 30th Dec., 18G3
GENTLEMEN: I have had the honor to receive
your communication of 29th inst., together with a
copy of ‘your full powers from the Convention of
the people of South Carolina,’’ authorizing you to
treat with the Government of the United States on
various important subjects therein mentioned, and
also a copy of the Ordinance l> ar ng date on the
2t th inst., declaring that “the Union now subsist
ing between South Carolina and other States, un
der the uame of tho United States of America, is
hereby dissolved.”
In answer to this communication, I have to say,
that my position a» I’r^eidcut ot itic United States
was clearly defined iu the message to Congress on
the 3d inst. In that 1 stated that “apart irom tin-
execution of the laws, so far as this may be prac
ticable, the Executive has noauthority to decide
what shall he the relations between the Federal
Government and South Carolina. He has been
no power to change the relations heretofore exist
ing between them, much less to acknowledge the
independence of that State. This would be to in
vest a mere Executive officer with the power of
recognizing the dissolution of the Confederacy
ainongoiii thirty-three sovereign States. It bears
no lesenibiancc to the recognition of a foreign de
facto government—involving no such responsibili
ty. Any attempt to do this would, on his part, be
a naked act of usurpation. It is. therefoie, my
duty to submit to Congress the whole question in
all its bearings.
Such is my opinion still. I could, therefore,
meet you only as private gentlemen of the highest
character, and was entirely willing to communi
cate to Congress any proposition you might have
to make to that body upon the subject. Of this
you were well aware. It was my earnest desire
that such a disposition might Lie made of the
whole subject by Cong!ess, who alone possesses
the power, as to prevent the inauguration ot a
civil war betw een the parties in regard to the pos
session of the Federal forts in the harbor of Char
leston, and I therefore deeply regret that, in your
opinion, “the events of the last twenty fair hours
render this impossible.” In conclusion, you
urge upon me "the immediate withdrawal of the
troops from the harbor of Charleston,” stating that
'under the present circumstances they are a stand
ing menace, w hich renders negotiation impossible-
and as our recent experience shows, threatens
speedily to hi ing to a bloody issue questions which
ought to bs settled with temperance and judge
ment.”
The reason for this change in your position is,
tl at since your arrival in Washington “an officer
of the United States, acting, as we (you) are as
sured, not only without but against your (my)
orders, has dismantled one fort and occupied an
other—thus altering to a most important extent
the condition of affairs under which we (you)
came.” Y'ou also allege that you came here "the
representatives of an authority which could, at
any time within the past sixty days, have taken
possession of the forts in Charleston harbor, but
which, upon pledges given in a manner that we
(you) cannot doubt, determined to trust to your
(iny) honor rather than to its power.”
This brings me to a consideration of the nature
of those aliedged pledges, and in what manner
they have been observed. In my message of the
3d of December last, I stated, in regaidto the
property of the United States in Soutli Carolina,
that it “has been purchased for a fair equivalent,
by the consent of ti«* -or ttte State,
for tne erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dec.,
and over these the authority to exercise exclusive
legislation lias been expressly grauted by the Con
prove to be mistaken, the officer in command of
the forts has received orders to act strictly on the
defensive. In such a contingency, the responsi
bility for consequences would rightfully rest upon
the heads of the assailants.” Tliis being the con
dition of the parties,on Saturday, 8th December,
four of the Representatives from South Carolina
called upon me and requested an interview. We
had an earliest conversation on the subject of these
forts, and the best means of preventing a collision
between the parties, for the purpose of sparing the
effusion of blood. i suggested, for prudential
reasons, that it would he best to put in writing
what they said tome verbally. They did so ac
cordingly, and on Mi lid ay morning, the Il.th inst..
three of them presented to me a paper signed by
all the Representatives from South Carolina, with
a .-ingle exception, of which the following is a
copy :
To His Excellency, Janies Bur/an-in,
President of the United States ■'
In compliance with our statement to yon yes
terday, we now express to you our strong convic
tion that neither the constituted authorities, nor
any body of the people of the State of South
Carolina, will either attack or molest the United
States forts in the harbor of Charleston, previous
ly to the action of the Couvtntion, and we hope
and believe not until an otter has been made
through an accredited representative, to negotiate
for an amicable arrangement of all matters be
tween the State and the Federal Gover.mient, pro
vided that no reinforcements shall be sent into
these forts, and their relative military status shall
remain as at present.
John McQueen,
M L. Bonham,
W. W. B< YJE,
Lawrence M. Keitt.
Washington, 9th Decembei, 1860.
Aud here I must, in justice to myself, remark
that at the time the paper was presented to me I
objected to the word “provided,” as it might be
construed into an agreement on my part, which
I never would make. They said that nothing was
farther from their inteution—they did not so un
derstand it,and I should not so consider it. It is
evident they could enter into no reciprocal agree
ment wrth me on the subject They did not pro
fess to have authority to do this, aud were acting
in their individual character. I considered it as
nothing more, in effect, than the promise of highly
with their occupancy.
But as the counsel and acts of rash and impul
sive persons may possibly disappoint these ex
pectations of the Government he deems it proper
that you should be prepared with instructions to
meet so an unhappy a contingency. He lias,
theretore, directed me, verbally, to give you such
instructions.
You are carefully to avoid every act which
would needlessly tend to provoke aggression, and
for that reason you aro not, without necessity, to
take up any position which could be construed in
to the assumption of a hostile attitude ; but you
are to hold possession of the forts in this harbor,
and if attacked, you are to defend yourself to the
last extremity The smallness of your force will
not permit you, perhaps, to occupy more than one
of the three forts, but an attack on, r.r attempt to
take possession of either of them, will be regard
ed as an act of hostility, and you may then put
your command into either of them which you ntay
deem most proper to iucrea-e its power of resist
ance. You are also authorized to take similar
steps whenever you have tangible evidence of a
design to proceed to a hostile act.
D. P. BUTLER,
Assistant Adjutant General.
SECOND LETTER OF THE COMMISSIONERS TO
THE PRESIDENT.
Washington, D. 0., January 1st., 1861.
Si'-: We have the honor to acknowledge the receipt
of your letter of 30tli December, in reply to a note
addressed by us to you, on the 28th of the same month,
as Commissioners from South Carolina.
In reference to the declaration with which your reply
commences, that your “position as “President of U
United States was already defined ill the Message to Cm
gr.-ss of the 3rd instthat yon possess “no power to
eiiniige the n latinos heretofore existing between South
Carolina and the United ftites,” “much less to ae-
kuowledge the independence of that State,” and that
consequently yon could meet us only as private gen
tleinen of tiie highest character, with an entire willing
ness to communicate to Congress any proposition wt
miglit have to make—we deem it only necessary to say
tliat the State of South Carolina, having, ill the exercise
of that great right of self-government which underlies
all our political organizations, declared herself sever
eign and independent, we as her representatives, felt
no special solicitude as to the character in which you
might recognize us. Satisfied that the State had sim
ple exercised her unquestionable rinlri, W*.e*-.--
pared, m order to reach substantia! good, to waive the
formal considerations which your constitutional scrupli
might have prevented you from extending. We came
here therefore expecting to be received us you did re
ceive ns, nnd perfectly content with that entire w illing
ness, of which yon assured ns, to submit any propo
sition to’Congrcss which we might have to make noon
the subject of the Independence of the State. That
wo • «• •f-. 1.. — -*r*-**‘' «■» *'F l1io oonHilinn ::i
public affairs, which rendered our presence necessary
In this position, however, it is our duty both to the
State which we represent and to ourselves, to correct
several important misconceptions of our letter, into
which you have fallen.
Y'oti sav: “It was mv earnest desire that such a dis
position might be made of the whole subject by Con
gress, who alone possess the power to prevent the in
auguration of a civil war between the parties in regard
lo the possession of the Federal forts iu the harbor of
Charleston; mid X therefore deeply regret that i:
your opinion the events of the lust twenty-four hour
render this impossible.” We expressed no such opin
ion ; and the language which you quote ns ours, is
altered in its sense By the omission of a most inipur
taut part of the sentence. What we did say was
“But the events of tin* Inst twenty-four hours render
such an assurance impossible." Place that
surance,” ns contained in our letter, in the sentence,
and we are prepared to repent it.”
Again, professing to quote our language, you say:
“Thus the authorities of Soutli Carolina, without wait
ing or asking for auy explanation, and doubtless be
lieving, as you have' expressed it, that the officer had
acted not only without but against my orders," &.C.
We expressed no such opinion in reference to the be
lief of the people of South Carolina. The language
which you have quoted wasappiied solely nnd entirely
to our assurances obtained here, and biased, as you
well know, upon vonr own declaration—a declaration
which, at that time, it was impossible for the authori
ties uf South Carolina to have known. But without
following this letter into all its details, we propose only
to meet the chief points of the argument.
Some weeks ago the Slate of South Carolina de
clared her intention; in the existing condition of pnb
lie affairs, to secede from the United Stutes. She (-ailed
a Convention of her people to put her declaration in
foroe. The Convention met, and passed the Ordinance
of Secession. All this you anticipated, nnd your
course (faction was thoroughly considered in your im
mm 1 message. You declared you had no right, aud
would not attempt to coerce a seeding State, but
tliat you were bound by yonr constitutional oath, aud
would defend the property of the United States with
in the borders of South Carolina, if an attempt was
made to take it by force. Seeing very early that this
question of property was u difficult and delicate one,
you manifested a desire to settle it without eollisaion.
Y ou did not reinforce the garrison in the harbor of
Charleston. Y ou removed a distinguished and veteran
officer from the command of Fort Moultre, because he
attempted to increase his supply of ammunition. You
refused to send additional troops to the same garrison,
when applied for by the officer appointed to succeed
him. Y ou accepted the resignation of the oldest and
most eminent member of your Cabinet, rather than
allow the garrison to be strengthened. Y'oti compelled
un officer, stationed at Fort Sumter, to return imme
diately fort v muskets which l’<-h—i *«fa — *- «<iu ins
• vou expressed, not to one, but to many, of the
most distinguished of our public characters, whoa.-
testimony will be placed upon the record, whenever it
is necessary, your anxiety for a peaceful termination of
this controversy, and your willingness not to disturb
highest
authorities of South Carolina, that no attempt wen’.d
be made to disturb y nir p< s ei ion of the torts and
property of the United States, if you would not
disturb their existing condition until the Commis
sioners lmd been sent, and the attempt to negotiate
had failed. You took from the members of the House of
Representatives a written memorandum that no such at
tempt should be made, "provided that no reinforcements
shall be sent into those forts, and their relative mili
tary status shall remain as at present.” Aud although
you attach no force to the acceptance of such a pa
per—although you considered it as nothing more in
effect than the promise of highly honorable gentle
men”—us an obligation on one side, without corres
ponding obligation on the the other—it must be re
membered (if we aro rightly informed) that you were
pledged, if you ever send reinforcements, to return it
to tuose from whom you had received it, before you
executed your resolution. Y’ou sent orders to your offi
cers commanding them, strictly to follow a line ot con
duct in conformity with such an uudevstanding. Be
sides all this, you had received formal and official
notice from the Governor oL South Carolina that we
had been appointed Commissioners, and were on our
way to Washington. Y ou knew the implied condition
under which we came; our arrival was notified to
you, and an hour appointed for an intei view. Wear-
rived iu Washington on Wednesday, at three o'clock,
and you appointed a:i inteview with us at one the next
day. Early on that day, Thursday, the news was re
ceived here of the movement of Major Anderson.
That news was communicated to you immdiatcly,
aud _\ou postponed our meertig until half past 2
o’clock on Friday, in order that you might consult your
Cabinet. On Friday we saw you, and we called upon
you then to redeem your pledge. Y’ou could not deuv
i;. With the fi cts we have stated, and in the face of
the crowning and ci nclusire fact that your Secietary.at
War had resigned hie sent iu the Cabinet, upon the
publicly avowed ground that the action of Major An-
ib-rson had violated the pledged faith of the govern
ment, and that unless the pledge was instantly re
deemed. lie was dishonored denial was impossible, you
did not deny it. Y’on do not deny it now, but yon
seek to escape from its obligation on the grounds, first,
that we terminated all negotiation by demanding ae a
preliminary, the withdrawal of the United States troops
from the harbor of Charleston; and second, that the
authorities of South Carolina, instead of asking expla
nation and giving you the opportunity to vindicate
yourself, took possession of the other property of the
United States. We will examine both.
Iu the first place, we deny positively that we
have ever in any way made any such demand.
Our letter is in your possession ; it will stand by
this on record Iu it we inform you of the ob
jects of onr mission. We Bay that it would have
been our duty to have assured you of our readi
ness to commence negotiation with the must earnest
and anxious desire to settle ill questions between
us atmc tbly and to our mutual advantage, but that
events had rendered that assurance impossible.
We stated the events, anu we said that until some
satisfactory explanation of these events was given
us, we could not proceed ; and then, having
made this request for explanation, we added:
“And. in conclusion, we would urge upon you the
immediate withdrawal of the troops trom the har
bor of Charleston. Under present circumstances,
they are a standing menace which renders nego-
tion impossible,” &c. “Under present circum
stances!” What circumstances 1 Why, clearly
the occupation of Fort Sumter and the dis
mantling of Fort Moultrie by Major Anderson, in
the lace of your pledges, and without explanation
or practical disavowal. And there is nothing in
the letter which would, or could, have prevented
you from declining to withdraw the troops, and
offering the restoration of the status to which vou
were pledged, if such had been your desire " It
would have been wiser and brtU r, in our opinion,
to have withdrawn the troops, and this opinion we
urged upon yon, bnt we demanded nothing but
such an explanation of the events of the last
twenty-four hours as would restore our confidence
in the spirit with which the negotiations shonld be
ctnducted. In relation to this withdrawal of the
troops from the harder, we are compelled, however,
to notice one passage of your letter. Referring to
it you say : “This 1 cannot do. This 1 will not do.
Such an idea was never thought of by me in any
possible contingency. No allusion to it had ever
been made in any communication between myself
and any human being.”
In reply to this statement we are compelled to
say that your conversation with us left upon our
minds the distinct impression that you did seri
ously contemplate the withdrawal ot the troops
from Charleston harbor. And in support of this
impression, we would add. that we have the posi
tive assurance of gentlemen of the highest pos
sible public reputation and the most unsullied in
tegrity—men w hose name and fame, secured by
long service aud patriotic achievement, place their
testimony beyond cavil—that such suggestions
had been made to and urged upon you by them,
and had formed the subject of more than one eari-
est discussion with you. And it was this knowl
edge that induced ns to urge upon you a policy
which had to recommend its own wisdom aud the
might of such authority. As to the second point,
that the authorities of South Carolina, instead of
asking explanations, and giving you the opportun
ity to vindicate yourself, took possession of other
property of the United Stsic^, wo would observe,
1st. That even if this were so. it does not avail
you for defence, for the opportunity for decision
was afiorded you before those facts occurried. We
arrived in Washington on Wednes lay ; tho new*
from Maj. Andersou reached here early on Tharf-
day, and was immediately communicated to you.
All that day men of the highest consideration—
men who had striven successfully to lift vou to
your great office—who had been your tried and
true friends through ihe troubles of your adminis
tration, sought you and entreated you to act—to
act at once. They told you that every hour com
plicated your position. They only asked yon to
give the assurance that if the facts were so—that
if the commander had acted without and against
your orders, and in violation of yonr pledges—that
you would restore the status you had pledged your
honor to maintain. Y’ou refused to decide. Youi Sec
retary at War, your immediate and proper ad
viser in this whole matter, waifed anxiously for
your decision, until he felt that duly was becoming
dishonor. More than twelve hours passed, and
two Cabinet meetings adjourned, before you knew
what the authorities ot South Carolina had done,
and yonr prompt decision at any moment of that
time would have avoided the subsequent compli
cations. But, if you had known the acts of the
authorities of South Carolina, should that have
preveiit°d yon keeping your faith ! What was
the condition of things ’ Fur the last sixty days
you have had in Charleston harbor not force
enough to hold the forts against an equal enemy.
Twio of them were empty; one of those two the
most important in the haibor. It could have been
taken at Buy time. Y’on ought to know better
than any man that it would have been taken but
for the efforts of those who put their trust in your
honor. Believing that they were threatened by
Fort Sumter especially, the people were with diffi
culty restrained from securing without blood the
possession of this important fortress. After mar-e
and reiterated assurances given on your be) alf,
which we cannot believe unauthorized, they de
termiued to forbear, and in good faith sent on
their Commissioners to negotiate with you. They
meant you no harm—wished you no i) They
thought of you kindly, believed you true, and
were willing, as far as was consistent with duty,
to spare you unnecessary and hostile collision.
Scarcely had these Commissioners left than Major
Anderson waged war. No otlier words will de
scribe his action. It was not a peaceful change
front one fort to another ; it was a hostile act in
the highest sense, and only justified in the pres
ence of a superior enemy, and in imminent peril.
He abandoned liis position, spiked hia arnns.
burned his gun carriages, made preparations for
the destruction of his post, and withdrew tinder
cover of the night to a safer position. This was
war. No man could have believed i without your
assurance) that any officer could have taken such a
step “not only w ithout orders, bnt against orders.”
What the State did was in simple seif-defence ; for
this act, with alt its attending circuinstances, was
As rnnet. war as nnng a voinry ; nnu wifr i>riu K
thus begun, until those commencing it explained
their action and disavowed tlnir intention, there
was no room for delay ; and even at this moment,
while we are writing, it is more than probable,
from the tenor of your letter, that reinforcements
are hurrying on to the conflict, so that when the
first gun shall have been fired, there will have
been, on your part, one continuous, consistent
series of actions, commencing in a demonstration
essentially warlike, supported by regular reinforce
ment, and terminating in defeat or victoiy. And
all this without the slightest provocation ; for,
among the many things which you have said,
there is one thing you cannot say—vou have
waited anxiously for news from the seat of war,
in hopes that delay would furnish some excuse
tor this precipitation. But this “tangible evidence
of adesign to proceed to a hostile act, on the part
of the authorities of South Caiolina,” which is
the only justification of Major Anderson, you are
forced to admit, “has not yet been alleged.” But
yon have decided ; you have resolved to hold, by
force, what you have obtained through our mis
placed confidence; and by refusing to disavow
the action of Major Anderson, have converted his
violation of orders into a legitimate act of your
Executive authority. Be the issue what it may,
of this we are assured, that, if Fort Moultrie has
been recorded iu history as a memorial of South
Carolina gallantry, Fort Sumter will live upon the
succeeding page as an imperishable testimony of
Carolina faith.
By your course, yon have probably rendered
civil war inevitable. Be it so. If you choose to
force this issue upon us, the Statu of South Caro-
linp will accept it: and. relying npon Him who
is the’God of Justice m well as the God ot Hosts,
will endeavor to peiform the great duty which
lies before her hopefully, bravely, and thoroughly.
Our mission being oue for negotiationjand peace,
and your note leaving us without hope of a with
draw. 1 of the troops fiom Foit Sumter,or of the
restoration of the stain quo existing at ihe time
of our arrival, and intimating, as we think, your
determination to reinforce the garrison in the
harbor ot Charleston, we respectlully inform you
that we propose returning to Chat lesion to-mor
row alternoon.
We have the honor to be, sir, very respectfully,
your obedient servauts.
R. W. BARNWELL, )
J. is. ADAMS, >Commissioners.
JAMES L. ORR, N
To his Excellency the President of the United
States.
The following is the endorsement upon the
document:
Executive Mansion, 3.J o’clock, Wednesday.
This paper, just presented to the President, ia
of sueh a character that he declines to receive it.
Fort Moclthix, S. C., December 11, 1860.
TliiBisin conformity to my instructions to Major
Buell. John B. Floyd, Secretary of War.
These were the last instructions transmitted to Ma
jor Anderson before liis removal to Fort Sumter, with
a single exception, ill regard to a particular wliiih
does not in auy degree affect the present question. Ui-
ilcr these circumstances, it is clear that Major Ander
son acted upon his own responsibility, and without nt -
thorily, unless, indeed, he had “tnugibie evidence of a
design to proceed to n hostile act” on the part of tl e
authorities qf South Carolina, which lia< not vet bem
alleged. Still he is n brave and honorable officer,at d
justice requires that he should not he condemned with
out a fair bearing.
Be tliis as it may, when I learned that Major Ander
son had left Fort Moultrie aud proceeded to Foit
Sumter,my first promptings were to command him to
return to Iils former position, and there to await tl e
contingencies presented in his instructions. Tl it
would only have been done with any degree of safely
to the command by the concurrence of the South Car
olina authorities. "But Wore any step could possibly
have been taken in Hi is direction, we received infor
mation that the “Palmetto flag floated out to the
breeze at Castle Pinckney, and a large military fori e
went over last night (tlx- 27tli) to Fort Moultrie.”
Thus the authoritiie of .South Carolina, without wait
ing or askiug for auy explanations, and doubtless be
lieving, as von hax-e expressed it, that the officer had
acted not only without, but against my orders, on tho
very next day after the night when the removal was
made, seized by a militaiy force two of the threo
Federal Forts in the harbor of Charleston, and have
covered them under their own flag instead of that of
the United States.
At this gloomy period of onr history, startling events
succeed each other rapidly. On the very day, the
27 th inst, that possession of these two forts was taken,
the Palmetto flag was raised over the Federal Custom
House and Post Office in Charleston; and on the same
day every officer of the Customs—Collector, Naval
Officer, Surveyor, and Appraiser—resigned their dffi-
ces. And this, although it was well known front the
language of my Message, that ns an Executive officer
I felt myself bound to collect the revenue at the port
_of Chaileston, under the existing laws. In the harbor
of Chaileston we now find three forts confronting each
other, over all of which the Federal flag floated only
four days ago; but now, over two of-them, tins flag
has been supplanted, and the Palmetto flag has been
substituted in its stead. It is under all these ctrcum-
stances that I am urged immediately to withdraw the
troops from the harbor of Charleston, and I am in
formed that without this negotiation is impossible.
This I cannot do—this I will not do. Such an idea
35 tf