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-very motion t n 1. taid wn ; .listinctlv seen, and nation, of the risk ho had run, and of the danger part of its power-it therefore performs its office I w.
i; i [' \ , j. ” • that hung over life head. He was aware of hav- imperfectly* and debility and disea. a, m,.c con -bn.
" T - yV Min an.J leature plainly ui2 .,.t,.i.i„at(i. [ s violated tlic rules of inilitary subordination, sequence*. It .s established beyond doubt, that f Uw
And though the company v. as mostly Granger*
to him, lie knew by their dress and manners
they wort of tbc first circles—many-of tlioinl
lio was certain Jtc had .before'seen, and a few
ho knew by name,
wind, lulled up arid
and again darted off with tin- playfulness* of a
porpoise. .Now he would observe it conic to
audios, draw down its sails, and out with hooks
and lines baited for-fish.' .Their sport appear
ed good, and abundance of foie mackerel, cod,
«&c. were taaghti Many a fair hand was seen
baiting the barbarous hook, and tugging at the
line, with their victim in tow. *
Again, when tired of their sport, tlic anchor
is weighed, the sail
scuds before* the brec
boat touclics at “Dear Isle,
in quitting bis post without leave, and- that he
-was liable to be arrested and tried for desertion
d before seen, and a tew jor” misdemeanor. His only hope of escape was
i 'h<; bojtr stood offi to the by liastening back to the fort before liis absence
to the parapet, r was noticed, and by making a true representation
‘ ■ ‘ 1 oflhc case to his commanding officer, hope for
pardon. But already too much time bad been
wasted to hope for such a result. And, before
he had left the island to return, a boat
strongly manned*with an officer shot across the
channel in pursuit of him, to whom he promptly
gave himself up. He was hurried immediately’
to die Fort, and brought before the commanding
officer, to whom he attempted to relate his sto-
The commandant,
ill ho about .*100.000 a year and as much for
ick,freight—and passengers about-10,000 ; and
it the intermediate freight will cover all expen*
a far greater nourishment is derived irom the mod- ! ses. The whole ot the expense ol aa engine, aiul
crate use of any given food, than when large '('train ofeju-s, with 'their attendants, will be from 15
unfurled, and away she j Q’i hut was not listened to.
Alter a while the : Col. Austin had given no ]
where die liappv leave the fort—he had left it—and was arrest- j
quantities of it are taken.
It* is impossible to procure sound sleep w ithout
the day has been devoted to temperance, and some
hours of it to active exercise, ns it is to lake ex
ercise without strength, or to support the body
without food.
Fasting.—Usually a fast of one or two days
has the full effect of a course of physic, and does
its work in a much safer and more effectual man
lier. It is iu the most austere, regular institutes
of religious men, that we shall most frequently
meet with persons with a vigorous and sprightly
old age.
The water drinker glides tranquilly through life
without much exhileration or depression, and es-
permission for him to caj.es many diseases, to which the w iue. the heer.
U . ,.. _ and the spirit unuker are every moment subject.
Ci-eW alight. Here ne w recreations await them, ed at a distance from it, at a trolic, of maroon- ^ Apprentices.—!The only way for a yoti.ti;
By turns of an hour or-two at a time, the gen- | imr party on another island. It is a plain case , m . ul (l} j )re p a f^ hiihselffor uselulucss,’ is to devote
tlcmen toil in the trenches, raising d-fences a- i of desertion—tlio penalty death, young man, hiirfsolf to study d tiring alibis leisure hours. First
of sound.”
Thus passed the time till the middle of tlio
afternoon. Capt. B. with litt'-r intermission
hud maintained his “Solemn tvatc.li’’'on the bust;
ling parapet, tuid occasionally, as lie raised bis
teh -cope to reconnoitre the motion- of sevarn
diMant craft, would lie direct it, before taking
it from his eye, to tlio gay groupe on Deer Isle.
At one of those furtive and as lie felt criminal
& iolificiji and » e»n» denSai gfr gg . ^
others, with their happy partners, were tread- cuntstances was immediately despatched . to \ vH j lcaril to takc crc J yo urown. Youn
in.’ the maws of a cotjUion, tedhiatedby one or. Boston. Oflenccs of this description were
two of the musicians, with their “instruments common tynontf the drafted militia, and. the
general thought the most likejy means to' put
a stop to the evil was by making an example,
and he. thought the jfresent a suitable opportu-.
nitvl He therefore ordered a, court of inquiry
fo be held In Uoftton the next morning at ten > 0011 ’ cioimng, wm every ewer wee
; i i ‘ . - *i from temptations to be dishonest.
o clock.. v f ' -
The court was convened -according' to ap
pointment, and the jirisoner was brought to the
bar. * . • .' * • • ,
The specifications and charges were made
men at ihc-present day are too fond of getting
rid of work : they seek for easy and lazy employ
ments, aud frequently turn out to be poor miser
able vagabonds. You must avoid all wishes to live
.without labour; labour is a blessiug rather thau a
curse—it makes men healthy, and jiroruros them
food, clothing, and every other necessary, and frees
indulgences, he observed two of •Hie ladies, I 1 no spccificai
young, elegant and beautiful, separate from ^ ,,e
the rest of the company and "stroll towards the *‘fo cljargcs
n& cqgrge.s - ruid specifications were nil
proven. The prisoner plead guilty to the charge
of-haying left life, post, and filed an exculpa
tory affidavit of his conduct. 1 Ie denied baying
dcsgriecl, or .haying attempted to'desert—tlyit
•his absence was occasioned by an impulse of
humanity, and he stated die grounds, of it—but
lie had no proof^-ltc baft no witnesses td cstab-'
lish bis tale;
Judgment was abotft. going against him,
when the daughter of the President of the
Court, Miss — a young woman of gjeat
it occasioned, until they turned a point and were ] worth and beauty eitlqjujed by her brother'on-
eutirely out of sight. v ’ ! tyred Abe court-. >(N. B. It is fashionable for
ladies in Boston to attend Courts, at important
trials.). The prisoner? pale aud trembling,
stood at the bur, with,tlio sentence of death
hanging over Jihrfl The Jady saw and. instant*
beach. As this brought them nearer to him,
and gavo him a better opportunity ofsurvcyuig
their features and expressions, he Unproved his
opportunity, and oontiuucd watching them with
un intensity amounting almost to fascination.—
He discovered they were both young and hand
some, and that one was exceedingly beautiful.
The two ladies having come close to the wa
ter’s edge, continued wyalkirig on the beach,
gdtbcring shells, or gazing" at the tide, (which
was now coming in,) and the swells and ripples.
Capt. B. continued gazing at tlic point where
lie saw them disappear, long and ardently, in
liojie of seeing them speedily return, but they
came not. Mean time the tide was rolling in
fast—surf after surf, each heavier and broader
than the last, came dashing against the rocks,
and wearing away by piece, meal the soil of the
beautiful islands that stud this, romantic harbor.
He now began to grow uneasy for their safety.-
The wide beach he could plainly discern was
entirely covered with the encroudung'sea—the
impossible to be climbed*—the distance round
tbe-islaud was so great,‘tbat.be did not think,
at tlio leisurely gait they walked," ihcV could
have go: round, and it was now impossible tliev
could come back in the way .they went. He
was apprehensive they might be overtaken by
the tide, and find no means of escape.
If nis-suspicious wore true, there'ivas no time
to be lost—and yet lie was at a loss in what
manner to afi’ord them assistance. , It was too
far to think of hailing the company "on the op
posite island—to hunt up his cdmni'andcr and
desjmtch a boat would consume toq much.time.
Only one means presented itself, and that was,
to jump into a boat lying within live yards of
him, and scull across the clymncl to the sce'ne of
the supposed danger. Tins, though ho knew it
u hazardous alternative, ho resolved upon, and
immediately, put it into execution..
A light boat and u strong arm in an exc-rcisc
be bad had considerable experience, together
with the tide which set strongly in his favor, en
abled him in a few minutes to cross the channel,
and double the point. * ' -'
He was not mistaken in his fears. The two
young ladies had extended tUcir walk until the
approaching tid/i began to admonish them they
had gone too far. They then set'out to return
—but it was too late—their retreat was cut’ oft
*—the bcacli wns covered wiyl water, a powet'-
• ful surf w’as running, and •the bank so'high.and
shelving that to escape up it was impossible !—
In this situation the hopelessness of their case
came upon tlienp The- raging sea.was before
them, tossing up its huge monsters, which
yawned and sported and flapped their .tails, as
if in derision of their distress!—behind-them a
steop sandy bank, without Inisli or root tolling
to, and tho top, owjng to the grassy sward,- o-
verhanging sovcral feet.' They Jiad gained tlic
top of a small 'rock, on the edge * of the
shore, where every wave dashed over them,-
threatening to wash them into the bosom of the
great deep, a prey for the ravenous monslers it.
contained. . They, had given themselves, up to
despair; and silently and breathlessly, while
they dung to each oilier with a convulsive
grasp, awaited their fate, which a few miniuos
at farthest would determine.
It was just at this critical and awful inoment
that our hero game In sight. As this sudden
prospect of deliverance from, a certain death
presented it self, a scream ofjoy and revived liojTc
burst from them. lie exerted himself with all
bis might, as he saw a huge wave rolling tow
ards them, its top covered with foam, am!
reselling a mile in length. He gajned the rock,
.iiul one of the ladies bad stepped in, as the
fruck it,-upset the boat, and immersed
ly recognized him ns-the genefous stranger who
had saved her from an awful grave,—she saw the
imminent hazard he* had run j—in saving her
life iie. was nepr losing his own. A sudden
shriek,. and.slifc fainted and ’fell; This inter
ruption caused a suspension of the 'decision of 12~,o0t) bales—annual value .of cotton gpolls mim :
the court. An <*Xplariatioh is sooirgiven; the J ufactured, considerably exceeding S3,000,000-
f of tlio yosing iadv corroborated by J* opf-—-yaluq oi \voollen goods annually man-
: ..i „C.1 ... i ufactured (exclusive of those made ill families)
Manufactures in the United Stales.—We stated
iu a former number of this paper, that it should
bo the duty-of every delegate to the convention
which is to assemble iu November next at Mil-
ledgcville, to prepare himself for the important ob
jects which this convention will take into cousiil-
leratiou, by obtaining all the information ivithiu
his reach of tjie state of public reeling iu-thc man
ufacturing States. We know that correct statis
tical information, caifuot be easily obtained, but
loose and partial statements. However loose or
partial such statements may he, tliey may lead to
an approximation which may answer the object
the convention will have in view. Iu order to
assist iu die attainment of proper information,
we. have mado the following statements, which,
if not striedy correct, will at least give a general
view of the state of manuftcturcs in the North.
In the State of New York, according to • Will
iams’ Register, there wojeou the 1st January,
1833.. V V '• Vv" V
Incorporated manufacturing companies.
• 88 Cotton manufactories. ,
203 Woollcu do. ■ *
202 Iron do-. "
Cotton lHamfactures.—There were 88 cotton'
manufactories, which coptsiued on -average 1,500
spindles each—total 132,000 spindles. It js cal
culated that each spindle will spin 50,lb$ cotton
annually, mnkiug t>,000,(100 lbs of cotton, cous-um-
c'd hythe manufactories iu that Strue, equal to
! to 20 dollars a day. There are three locomotive
engines already on the road, and four more are
i engaged, and w ill soon be on. It is worthy ofre-
! mark, as it regards trade, that Augusta and Hiim-;
: burg coliecl together one .fourth of the cotton crop
j of the United States, ai..i ii isjirobable that a large
I proportion of that will pass through this market;
when tills road shall be in operation. The road
will aUo run within 50 miles of Columbia, which
furnishes a inai ket for about 00,000 bales ofcotton
a rear. Aud it may be also noticed that the road
lias enhanced the value of projierty through the
rout, froaiiJOO to 1000 per cent. It is like opening
a river navigable by steam, through a country,
without even the advantages of a water commu
nication- or even good roads, : and Vve should
suppose that d Telegraphic communication could
be established between this city and .'Augusta on
the line of the road at"a very little.expense. Ma
ny other advantages' wjirdoublless result from it,
which arc yet to dtvelopc themselves. The Cb-
JninbA Mail is carried” on it for more thaii thirty
miles. -Should it bo completed next Febuary, no
jmblic work of filename maguitude iu the country,
will’have been.finished iu.so sho*-t_a tiine, and it
will be the longest Ran Road iu the world. It is
now thchrst in this country, on which steam pow
er Jias been successfully used, and the first that
has ever carried the mail.—Charleston Obscfver,
Octobcr2$. '
ings; being well assured, that such an investiga
tion would bring them to r. standard, which, Irom
its moderation aud justice, would furnish the best
guarantee for the true interests ol all. ll, as has
been supposed, those views have contributed iu
any degree to produce a state ol feeling sq much
to be desired,’I have reason to be gratified with unt believe tlici
mu try. who
But their
uul Ji.’iuienc'M
aeh less of hOstiliik
A.-, stteli, they can
vei- omitted to gi vo
u my power; for which,
lartieular merit, as I
the result.
The approaching:, aud it* the policy of the pro- ; per:
scut Executive is allowed to prevail; the certain
ami speedy.extinguishment of the national debt,
lias presented an opportunity for a more equita
ble adjustment of the tariff, which has becualrea-
dv 'embraced, bv the adoption of a conciliatory
mcasnre, the spirit of which will, I doubt not,
continue to he cherished by all who are not desi
rous of advancing their private interests at the
sacrifice of those of the public, and who place a
just value upon the jieace aud liarmouy ot the U-
uion. .
The protective system and its proper adjust
ment, becamo a subject of frequent ami necessa
ry consideration whilst I formed a part of the
cabinet, aud the manner in which the President
proposed to carry into effect the policy in relation
to -imposts,• recommended in his previous messa
ges, lias since been avowed with that franknes9
which belongs 10 bis character. To ibis end, he
In this avowal, I* am certainly uot (pfluenp!
by lecbngs ol indifference, liiticl
to internal improvements
have no enemies! I have neve,
them all the proper aid iu i
bv the way, 1 claim no
re is an honest and sane man
country who does not wish to see them pros.
construction, and llic maoiKr in
which, ami the means by which they arc to be ef
fected; are quite different questions. Rather
than agaiu expose our legislation to all the cor
rupting influences of those scrambles and combi
nations m Congress, which have been heretofore
t\ iiiicssed, and tlio other aflairs of the eountrvtu
the injurious effects unavoidably resulting fr om
them, it wouhl. iu my, opinion, be infinitely pref
erable to leave works of the character spoken of
aud not embraced in the exception which has
been pointed out, for the pres
recommended -‘a modification of the tarifl, tv inch
should produce a reduction of the revenue to the
wauts of tlio government,’ and an adjustment of
the duty upon imports, with a view to.equal jus
tice iu relation to all our national interests, and
to the counteraction of foreign policy, so far as it
may be injurious to those interests.”
- , . %To the supports
upon which they have reposed with so much suc
cess for the last jl wo years, viz: state efforts and
private enterprise. If the great body of the peo.'
pie become convinced that the progress of ihesii
works should be accelerated by the federal arm
they will not refuse to come to some proper con
stitutional arrangement upon the subject. The
supposition that an equitable rule, which pays it
proper respc-ct to the interests cpd condition of
the different States, could fail to receive ultimate
ly- the constitutional sanction, would be doing in
justice to tlic intelligence of the country. By such
a settlement of tlic qucstion, our.political sys tem,
in addition to the other advantages derived front
it, would, in relation to this subject at least, te re-
n ■ . a I1U; .
hank was steep, hiqh amfshelvintr, so as to be ' wl " no ! l - V “'^ ZTMllw "„77i^k I ufnejured (exclusive of those mado iu families)
- that of her brother who, wthe party ; C01 *d erab | V y upwart! * s 0 f $;j,000,0CK). *-
^onrt. t, jiere-') Iron.—Value of annual manufacture, $4,000,-
on the island is rpceiOfcd by the Coil
upon -he is Acquitted, and commended as hay- I 000
'teg done Ijis duly—-Tlic object of a good sol- i Paper.—There were about 50 paper drills in
Ji<»- Whig itrsavc lire rather than destroy ifi j the State. Value of annual manufacture $509,-
. It is-needless 'to say, that capt. fi. wasrestored
to Ifis command; and at the expiration of his
term Of duty on the fort, was inttcli noticed by
the great folks of the arfctocraiical city, Gen.
amouir the mtmbrr. ."'rhe Itccjuaintancc
was rcnewoll—aiid 'after, a
aipohg tlje
with Miss
proper period flip younu lady thought proper 4o
reward the gallantry oCher deliverer by tbo be
stowal of-her band in bis fitvor.
• The other lady we have meirtiouccFwqs a.
distant connexion;. and that things might not
bo doiie by halves, she gave herself the same
night (o'.the brother of her friend.
To finisli the. historV, ihe identical spy glass
which was used-oMhe above occasion by;Capf.
B." and to which is attributed.the lives .of two
human beings, by a train of circumstances not
necessary here to relate, is now in tlie posses
sion cf the uTiter of this narrative, by whom it
is considered a vcrV valuable legacy’.
Hals.—-Value"of annual manufacture $3,000,-
000. ” * .
Boot*and Shoes.—Xaluo of annual manufac
ture $5,000,000. ’.. ,
Leather—Value of annual tiianufacturo $2,.
900.600. , •*
Window Class.—V aluo of annual manufacture
$500,000.
— According to the rokurus df the'Stato census,
there were manufactured in families, fulled cloths-
2,918,233 yards, valn % $2,918;238.
Flanucjs.and other woollens, uot fulled, 3,4C8,-
000 yards, value $093,000.
.* J.iueji. cot tan and other cloths, 8,079,992 yards,
value $1,211,998.
is a statement of the mnunfiiC'
From the Georgetown (D^C) Gazette- . y
The Comet.—In-qur last we inserted an article
tinder this head, credited to the N. Y. Mercantile
Advertiser, iu which it is stated, that the celebrated f
The following
turing establishments now ju jo’peratiou at Bow-
ell, Massachusetts. • *
~ One^.estnblishment,. capital $1,500,000, five
mills, manufacture pf printed calicoes.
Another, capital $600,000, three mills, mauu
facturc of twilled cotton, pantaloon stuffs and
shirtings. , • , .. .. ^
f" A tiot);er, capital $500,000, two -mills, manu-
j factawof coarse sliirtinga.ahd sheetings.
Another, capital '$400,000, two mills, manu
facture of uegro cloths, carjictiugs, "&c.
Another, capital $450,001), two mills, tiuinu-
Comct of Bieln.was iu the neighborhood of the ; f ac mre bf eoafse cottons
Fleiadcs: to'which quarter of the heavens the'Cyes
of the curious hate doubtless ever since beep di
rected, in the hojie cf distinguisliing tiusrcniark-
ablo. wanderer of the celestial regions. Many
porsons having seen near and about tlio plciades,.
the-planet Mars, and the bright star.Udebarau, in
tlid eycoC-the Bull, and furtiier towards the north,
Anothor, capital $500,000, two mills, manu
facture of cottons.
'.Another, capital $1,200,000, seven mills, in’an-
ufacture oftpnnted cottons. ' •..*?.
And tiro woollen- factory, which manufacture
broadcloths, cr.ssimcres, &c.
.. „ ..... . , . Tho qiiautity of cotton manufactured at J.ow-
tho.bnght.sftr Cnpella, m Aunrg, have been led > 0 „ t in jijj, is estimated at20,000 bales,
to suppose that they had really witnessed the ap- jj- wo „ obtI
i '..r:# ..ir I *’
Domestic Arts'.—In. the earlier stges of antiquity,
it was. iiot inconsistent with the highest dignity to
act in what .would now be accounted the meanest
of menial employments. Among the ancient
Egyptians, the women were occupied abroad in
trade, merchandize, and agriculture, and descend
ing to’periods less remote, we find that in Leaser
Asia, where it would seem women were far -from
being so much despised and neglected as in many
other parts-of the world, even those of ;he first
quality were' not ashamed to perform the .office of
a washerwoman; and asimjlar practice -afterwards
prevailed in Greece. • ..
In .the heroic ages, the Grecian wives and daugh
ters,.of whatever quality, were not brought up to
idleness. Fefielope, queen of the famous Ulysses,
is so frequently introduced by Homer at her loom,
that almost every one has heard the story of Pen-
dope's wet?. The famous Hcllen, while confined
by the besiegers of Troy, employed herself in an
extraordinary piece of embroidciy, which represen-
ledinosit of the battles fought between the Greeks
and the Trojans; and Andromache, when she heard
of the death of Hector, embroidered a reptesenta-
(ion of tfiat tragical scene; and ndoiiied it ji-ith
llowcrs. But such soft, employments, and such
works of taste, were not the sole occupations of the
women, in the times we are delineating. The
same Artdroinnche, Who with her needle, painted
the fall of the hero of her country, was ut asha
med to'feed and take gate of the horses of that he-
.ro-wlien living. ■. ..
Beside the arts of weaving and embroidery, which
lyere not unknown to the women in the patriarchal
ages, the Grecian fair employed themselves in
spinning,.which they performed standing, and m
every other branch of the manufacture of cloth;- a
custom- wliic.li continued during the most polished
periods of Grecian history.—Alexander the Great,
and many other heroes and statesmen, wore gar
ments span and woven by their wives and sisters.
During the chivalrous ages in Europe, various
kinds of needle work formed a material part of fe-
mate employment; and many women oC the first
tank were themselves taught, and instructed their
daughters in the arts of flowering anp CTVy..l»nr,
which they practised to.such an extent, that much
oClhe furniture of their houses was decorated in
this manner with their ownjinnds. ,
-King Ediyard-the cider was particularly attentive
to the education of his children, and impressed
them in early life with a sense or the duty ofindus-
try. 'His-daughters were instructed in all those
bi-anches of learning which were proper to adorn
their.minds”-; and in tfje intervals of study, they ex
ercised their distaffs, or employed thcms.elves. in
tjeedle'woik. These industrious habits didmot
dispiirage them in the eyes of the olbei sex; but
on the cohifoiy rgconnnendeil them to the esteem
oven of foreign, potentates; and four of Edward’s
daughters were married to foreign princes, kings
and emperors.—His sous were also so studious,
that like Plato’s philosophers, they” were masters
of every useful science, and fit to assume the reins
of government'With dignity and wisdom.
i In these sentiments I fully concur; and I have j Jicved from those dangerous shocks which sprm»
[ been thus explicit in ithe statement of them, that ] from diversities of opinion ujion constitutional
there infiy be no room for misapprehension as to | points of deep interest; and, in tho meantime,
my own views upon the subject. A sincere and j the resources of the country would be best hus-
faithful_ application of these principles to ourdeg- ; banded by being left in the hands of those by
islntiou, uuwrapod hy private interest orpolilical j whose labor they arc produced,
design; a restriction of the wants of the govern- • I am unreservedly opposed to the renew il of
.incut to a simple arid economical administration! the charter .of the Uniied States’ Bank, and ap-
of its affairs—the only administration which is I prove of the refusal of the President to sign the
consistent with the purity aiul stability of the re- ! bill, passed for that purpose at the last session of
pilblicaii system;—a preference in encourage-i Congress, as well on account of the uucousfitu-
meut given, to such manufactures as are essen-: tiouulity, as tho impolicy of its provisions.
I am equally ojiposed to rim principle of Nulli
fication, ns it is called. With whatever sinceri
ty that doctrincc may ho entertained hy others,!
believe that it is entirely destitute of constitution
al .authority; and that it coiftd not be adojited,
without drawing after it the ultimate but certain
destruction of tho confederacy.
That these yiowswiil be universally accepta
ble tothpse who have called them forth, I dc not
allow myself to expect. He who thinks in a
'country, the interests of which are so diversified
BBH as ours,-and’id" rtspect io the epustitution of
Internal' improvements, are. so - diversified iu : which, construction is made*to perform so ;;reat
jlieir nature, and the. possible -agency of the fed- j a part, that the purest intentions, or the most pro-
eral government iu their construction, so'varia- | found reflectiofis can enable him so to shape bis
•bli; limits character and degree, as to render it not! political tenets as to meet the approbation of all,
a little difficult to lay down any precise rule that ! or who is so Unreasonable .as to require, that
will embrace the whole subject. The broadest j those of the public servants, should in all respects!
tial to tlic national defence, and its extension to .
others in proportion as they aro adapted to our ;
country, and of which the raw material is pro
duced by ourselves: with a nropei respect for the
rule which demands that all taxes should be im
posed in proportion to the ability and condition
of tlic "contributors;—would, I am convinced,'
give ultimate Satisfaction to a vast majority of
the people cf the United States, arid arrest that
spirit of discontent which is" now unhappily so
prevalent, ami which threatens such extensive
injury to jhe iustitutioris of our country.
and BSst defined division, is that which distin
guishes between the direct construction of works
of internal improvement hy the general govern
ment,' and pecuniary assistance given by it to
such as are undertaken by others. In the fomier,
fire 'included the right to .make and establish roads
amt caprls with the States, and tlic assumption
of as much, jurisdiction ■over the territory tliey
may..occupy, as is necessary to their preservation
aud use. • The latter .is restricted to simple grants
of money, iu aid .of sucli works, when marie uu-
der State authority. ..
Tho federal government does uot, in my opin
ion, possess the power first specified; nor can it
from the assent of the State iu which such works
are to be'eoustrueted. ' The money power, as it is
called, is liot so free from difficulty. Various ru-
lers liav6 from time to time been suggested by
those who properly appreciate the importance of
precision aud certainty in the operations of the
federal power; but they have been so frequently
infringed oponby the apparently unavoidable ac-
tio'n of the government, that a final and Satisfac
tory settlement of the question has beetf prevent
ed. The wide difference between a definitiou of
tho power in question upon paper, and its practi- ■
cal operations Of .government, has been sen&jbly
correspond with . his owu, must expect to make
rip. His account with disappointment or decep
tion f For myself, I cherish no such hope. . All
I ask is a fair confidcm-6 in the sincerity of
the principles I - have avowed, aud in the fidel
ity with which they will be maintained. It is
not possible, that any nomination could have
been irfare entirely unsolicited, by.word or deed,
than that which has been bestowed upon me.—
Had it not been for the event to whjeh. as I have
before said, I feel myseif principally indebted for
it, 1 shoirid not hav* hesitated to decline, .liow-
ever highly distinguished tlxe honor intended- for
me is. feltio be.' And I beg my feiiow-citaeoJ of
North Carolina to. believe, that, notwishstandiog
the deep sense, which in common with the pco-
pie of the Union, 1 entertain of their unwavering
though unpretending patriotisrii arid unspotted
political faith, and the lil^h gratification I should
derive from being thought worthy of their confi
dence, I shall feel it h duty to be consent with
whatever disposition of the question, they, iq the
lipuest exercise .of their opinions, sLall see lit to
make-.
With sentiments of high consideration,'I am
gentlemen, your obedieist servaur.
M- VAN BUREN
left by-all who have been entrusted.with themau- f -Tofostpk H. Bryan, Josiah T. Cranberry and
aconiont of n'lihllp nffnirQ. Tlifl wlinlo cnltinot I • Xfpmnrrhi. Hunt ('n • > .m UUo
obtain iufonnation respecting thejo-
thcr inautifacturitig establishments, in the New
England States, and iu the middle Stau-s, before
tho meeting of the Convention', wo shall hasten to
pearriucehf the Comet.itsdf.
--In order thafour readors may he correctly in- ]
formed, we UVnil ourselves of the data politely fttr-
uished us by a friend, ajjundnntly provided with I j u „ p |, e f ore tJ^. public.—Constitutionalist.
instrinneuts, and eminently qualified to observe |
and make tho necessary calculations.
At the time the article above alluded to first mado
. THE RAILROAD. £■
contained. l'liyy. had civ'cn themselves, up to appearance, it is true that the Comet was in j .On Wednesday, a Locomotive Engine .with a
tho s’iomStt* Ilf tlin itloinilnc hilt if it hi) rnntlHprPfl • Ir-iin nf noiv mmln it: cooniul trin oornvd flm ( !
tidu, tho reader must not ho asfonithed ifwc inform
him, that itlias now so fdr changed its position »b
not to be within forty-five degrees of that nebula?.”
Tho Gomel* if it lie possible! to discover it with
tbo naked eye, will btfseen, this night; in tile con
stellation Gemini, very item- the beautiful star
Castor, being distant fro pi it only about 3£ degrees
in a south-w esterly direction. From the equally
bright and beautiful sar Pollux, of tho same cou-
:tnd their loading, wascstimatcd at about 35 tons
nud h considerable part of the'way the Telocity
was about 12 miles an hour. * As we had the pleas
ure of constituting one oftbc-company in this trip
some opinion may be expected of us in relation
to the enterprise. One thing is certain—it is au
easy, rapid mode of conveyance; aud, as far as-
we could discover, as Safe, if not safer than trav
elling in carriages in the ordinary way. Fromen-
wav
all 1
had
in the briny dement. The lady'who
: ii if.r boat, with a presence of mind
no: , .I, ujatedon, 1 lid lmld of the gunwale
an.I ; i Ca'd. JL W!i -standing*up, with
r ; . ; r i . , wtutin- lor tliJ oilier lady
to -et i. n.-i is imng oui upon liis face; while
the lad\ w-is d from lu-r loothohl on tlio
rock, and d,idled ;:.-ain>! the -!ioro, whore she
was It ft, er- itly bruised. The captain i:e!d on
to the oar—and found a similar late,—as the
wave retired,1. ft him on the recks—but took
the boat out far the: to sea, with the ldtiy still
' climring to it. Being an expert swimmer, In-
dashed a; aril into the waves soon regained the
iioat, which he righted; ami happily succeeded
hi saving the iiv--. of both ladies—whom h<- de
livered in safety to their ftiends. on the island,
before the v heeairv sensible, of their absence.
Having performed this hemic and gallant a-
ehievement, he became sensible of!.: ov
stcllntion, it will bear nearly due west, and be djs-1 quiries which wc made on the rout, wo learn the
following facts:—That the highest elevation of
an inclined plain where the locomotive runs, is
35 feet in a mile—that the distauco from Charleston
to Hamburg, is 13<J miles; that the average cost
tant about t»A degrees. It w ill rise very nearly;
at-10 P. M. and in thoaziniutli of E?42fi degrees
uorth. It need not he sought for before midnight,
at which time it will ho, about 18 degrees ahovo
the horizon, aud appear to hare the above bear- of the road w ill be about $5000 a mile—that the
ings from tlic star Castor anil Pollux. Its dist*. j bridge over the Edisto,* one of the most difiicult
{.inee from the earth, at present, is about 56 mill- parts of the work, is already-completed—and the
ions of miles, Itwillbc nearest tno oartli on the j inclined plain, at Ilorsc-pcn Ponds, 17 miles from
23’J of this month, at which time it w ill be distant
ahoutal millions of mries, and it will be brightest
about the t&iddjt) of November.
Hiidth.—la damp, wet, and chilly weather
r.e t-j»the feet warm and dry. Soft woollen stock
ings, mid stout thick soled shoes, are important
preservatives of health. It is a most pernicious
practice to wear warm stockings and shoes during
me dnv, and to chango them at night for those of
a more flimsy texture. Many a fatal cold has,
in thi> manner, been contracted.
.Many persons habituate themselves to taking
largo quantifies of food, on the supposition
it is necessary for their strengtl
commit a very greet error, tty
a Sit- ! of food thtj.stomach is oft-ui deb;
that
tins they
large quantities
-e* : )ty. •
III
Hamburg, where there will bo a stationary ma-
j chine, is nearly finished. The length of this plain
is 3600 feet, aud the height of its elevation 1.80
! It is expected that the cars will run more thau TO
miles before the close of the next mouth, and that
the whole road will fie completed in February next.
We should suppose there would be ho difficuly in
running the whole length of theroad by day light
and it is estimated that each trip about 50 tons
cau be conveyed in either direction, or between
three and four hundred bales ofcotton down, and
ill oqual amount of freight back. As calculation
must necessarily bo vague ns to the probable a- j
mount of freight, expenditures, &c, we are depend- I
auth^Je also upon the c-o-matesof olhe'rs it :- j
-posed t ;:.: the a-iau income i.-oui the road by j
■ transports: ;• option alone from!: .uburg ]
DIR. .VAN BOREN’S REPLY*
Owctsco, Cayuga co. Opt. 4, 1832
Gf;STi.KMK.v—Your letter of. the 25th August
found.me at this place. 1 regret extremely that
the delay in its leeeption, occasioned by'my- ab
sence, has prevented, an earlier attentioq to its
contents. * -
lij the resolutions which” you Have been ap
pointed to communicate to me, I aiu advised tliut
those by whom they were adopted, desire to he
iuformed of my sentiments “on the-subject of the
Protective gystejn anil its proper adjustment, In
ternal Improvement, the " Bank of tho UuitQii
States, ami Nullification.” ,
The right of those, you represent, to'.he” inform
ed of hav opinions upon these interesting subjects,
as derived from tho- position iu which tho favor
of my'follow-citizens has placed me, is uiuloubt-
ed; anil in cheerfuljy complying with their re
quest, I haveouly to regret, • that the inconveni
ence of the situation in which it finds me, conse
quent upon the hurry and conclusion attending
thp farther prosecution of my journey, arid jho
importance, to the fulfilment ol the objects of your
constituents, of as little delay ns possible in the
transmission of this communication, preclude any
thing like au elaborate discussion of the subjects
under consideration, if. indeed such pi course
would, under more favorable circumstances, be
desirable to you. The regret, however, which I
might otherwise -.xpcriencc on this account, is
relieved by the hope, that riiy fellbw-citizuns of
North Carolina, preferring, with characteristic
good sonse, results to speculations, will be as well
satisfied, and as effectually aided iu the intelli
gent bestowment of their suffrages, by a brief but
cx-plicit avowal of my opinions, as they would be
by.ap elaborate dissertation npon subjects w hich
have been so thoroughly aud diffusively debated.
Although tuy official acts iu relation to the
Protective System, might well bo regarded as
rendering the avowal unnecessary,' I think it, ne
vertheless, propcr’to say, ihut I believe the estab
lishment of commercial regulations, with a view
to the encouragemen t of domestic products, to be
wilhiu the constitutional power of Congress—
Whilst, however, I have entertained this opinion,
it has never been my wish to sec the power in
question exercised with an oppressive inequality
upon any portion ol’our citizens, or for the aiivaii-
tage of one section of tho Liiiou at the expense
of another. On the contrary, 1 have at all times
believed it to bi the sabred duly of those w ho are
entrusted with the administration ol" the federal
government, to direct its operations iu a^manniT
best calculated to distribute as equally impossible
its burthens aud blessings amongst the several
States and the people. My views upon this sub-
B
agoment of public.affairs. The whole subject
ivas renewed in the President’s Maysville Mes
sage. 'Sincerely believing that tliebeit interests'
of tlfo wjiplecountry,- tho-quiet, not to.say ifie sta
bility, of-the Union, and the preservation of that
moral force, which, perhaps, as much as any oth
er, holds.it together, imperiously required that
the -destructive course of legislation upon that
subject, then prevalent,’-should, an some proper
and constitutional way be arrested,. I throughout
gave to tlic measure of which that document was
an exposition, my active, zealous, -and- anxious
support. *' ■'"* ' ' .
The opinion's ileclared by the President in the
Maysville, aud .liis succeeding annual - message,
as i understand 'them, areas follows*; That Con
gress docs not possess the porter to make and
establish a road or canal within a State, with a
right of jurisdiction to the extent I have stated;
aud that it is the wish of.thc people that the con
struction of such works should he..undertaken b\-
the federal government, a,previous 'amendment
of the constitution, conferring that-poweri anji de
fining and restricting its exercise, With.,'teferelice
to the sovereignty'of tlic Slates,.is indispeusrdile.
2d. Au intimation of his belief that the .right to |
make appropriations in aid of such .internal im
provements-as are of a national character has
iceu so generally aeted upon, and so long acqui
esced iu by. the-federal and State governments,
and the constituents of each, as to justify its ex
ercise; but,.that-U” is nevertheless highly' expedi
ent that even such appropriations should, with
tlio exception of such a:r relate to light houses,
beacons, buoys, jmblic,piers and other improve
ments, in the harbors and navigable rivers of the
United States, for the security and faaility of our
foreign commerce, be deferred at least until the
national debt is paid. 3. That it is tlio wish of
the people.that the agency of the federal govern
ment should be restricted to the appropriation .of
money, and extended in that form, in aid of such
undertakings, when carried on by state authority,
then tho occasion, the manner and the extent of
tlie appropriation, should he made the subjects of
-constitutional regulation.
In’these views i concurred ; anil I likewise par
ticipated in the difficulties which were encoun
tered, and expressed by-tlie President, in adopting-
the principles which concedes to the federal gov
ernment the right to make appropriations in aid
of works which might be regarded as of a nation
al character—difficulties which arose as well from
the danger of considering mere Usage the founda
tion of the right, as from the extreme uncertainty
and consequent insecurity of the best rule that
had ever been adopted, or that could, iu the ab
sence of a positivo, constitutional provision, lie es
tablished. The reasons on which those objec-
■”(>us were founded, are so Cully stated in the doc-
Meiiiucan Hunt, Fstjrs. Committee, Sfc.
THE CUEUOKEES.
*. The following documents, which we find in the
■Ghprnkee Phoenix, arc interesting as ^presenting
the present state ol the negoci.iticin between the
government of the United States anil the Cherokee
Indians, on the subject of the removal of the latter
beyond the .Mississippi. We much regret the per
tinacity with which this unhappy people refuse to
accede to thepropositions so obviously liberal and
just; as those tendered by tbo executive in tbefcl-
lowing communication.—Hash’. Banner.
Detartmejct or Wap., >
April 17, 135-1. £
My Fi tends: Yourgieat father, the President of
the United States, lias recently been informed,
that a change has probably taken place in the sen
timents, you-have heretofore entertained, on the
subject of a removal to tlio country, west of tho
Mississippi, and that propositions from the govern
ment having that object in view, wouhl be favourably
received by-you. Satisfied as the President is,
that.this measure can afonc secure ;o you perma
nent prosperity;-and lay the solid foundations pf
your future improvement and civilization, and pre
pared ns lie ever has been to make veu oilers,
which shall not be only just, but liberal, he has in
structed me to address you npon tho subject, ami
to make known to you the stipulations he is will
ing to grant, so far as ffis authority extends. I
have therefore to request, that".-you will take the
matter into your serious eonsidciation, aiid com
municate to me your ultimate decision.
The President is willing to enter into an arrange
ment, for your removal west oflhc Mississippi, up
on the following general principles :
1. That a country sufficiently extensive and fer
tile, shall be distinctly matked out, west of the
territory of Arkansas, for you and your brethren,
where they now are.
2. That tiiis country shall be corneyed to you
qy patent, under tiic provisions of the act, 1CS0,
anil that it shall be forever without the boundaries
of any state or territory.
3. That you shall have all the powers of self-
government so far as may be compatible with that
general supervisory authority, which it is necessary
Congress-should exercise over you.
4. 'I hat you shall have the privilege of appoint
ing an agent, who shall reside at Washington, to
communicate your claims and wishes to the gov
ernment ; and who shall be j>aid by the United
States.
0. '1 hat if Congress assent to ihe measure, you
shali be allowed a delegate to that body, and sheil
also, when your improvement and other circum
stances will permit, and when Congress think
proper, be placed in the relation of a territory.
That white persons, unless specially author-
umeut referred to, and have been so extensively i iz'e-.l by the laws of the U nited States, slirdl be ex-
promulgated, that it i.- ttuneccssarv for me to re
peat "hem here. Subsequent reflection and ex
perience nave confirmed my apprehensions of the
(.quenees which would probably
flow irom thp usurpation of appropriations for in
ternal improve cuts", with no better rule for the
government of Congress than that of .which 1
eluded from your country.
7. That you shall remove to your new country
at the exjreuse of the Uniied Staigs, iu either of
the following modes you may prefer.
1. By a communication to be allowed to indivi
duals or families.
2. By jieisous to be appointed and paid by the
ject were several years ago spread before the : have spoken; and 1 do not hesitate to exjarcss it [ United States.
3 been widely as my ojtinion, that the general and true interests-f 3. By an arrangement to be made among yotir-
f th - country w ould be best consulted by with- j selves, by which some of those, who are competent
< ’- o tie in, with the exceptions which I have f to the undertaking, may remove all your people at
. - uiy reierred to, uutil some constitutional reg- j a rate to be fixed.
lotion upon the subject has been made. I 3. That subsistence shall be provided by the
jicojile of this State, and have since
diffused through tho medium of the public jtre
My object at that time was toinuto tht am
oimy imm .i;! constituents to r n
consideration subject iu is