Macon Georgia telegraph. (Macon, Ga.) 1836-1844, April 07, 1836, Image 2

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M A C O \ G E G I A TEE TEXAS. From theNnc-Orleans Bee, 21*/ ins/. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. Ttio unanimous declaration of independence, madu by tho delegates of tiio peoplo of Texas, iu general convention, made at the loivii of Wm. Motley. Washington, on tho 2d day of March, 1836. Wheu a government has ceased to protect tho lives, liberty nud property ot the people from which its legitimate powers are derived, and for the advancement of whose happiness it was in stituted, and so far from being a guarantee for the cmplnymeutof these inestimable and unalien- able rights, becomes au instrument iu tho hands of evil tulers for their oppression ; when the fed oral ropublicuu constitution of their country which thoy havo sworn to support, no longer has a substantial existence, and tho whole nature of their government has been forcibly changed, wi.h- out their consent, from a restricted federative re public, composed of sovereign States, to a con solidated central military despotism, in which ev ery interest is disregarded, but that of the army and the priesthood—.both the eternal enemies of civil liberty, the ever ready minions of power, and tho usual instruments of tyrants'. When, long after the spirit of tho constitution has departed, moderation, at length, so far lhsr by those in pow- or, that oveu the semblance of freedom is reuiov- *‘ed, and the framers, themselves, of the constitu tion, discputiuue, aud so far from their petitions tuid remonstrances heiug regarded, the agents who boar them are thrown into duugcous,—nud mer cenary armies sent forth to force a new govern ment tipon them at the poiut of the bayonet:— When, in consequence of such acts of inelfea- sauco nud qbdiclion, on the part ol the govern ment, monarchy prevails, and civil society it dis solved into its original elements: In such a cri sis, tho first law of nature, the right of self-preser vation, the inherent and inalienable right of the pooplo to appeal to first principles, and take their political affairs into their bauds, iu extreme cases, enjoins it as a right towards themselves, and a sacred obligatiou to their posterity, to abolish such government, and create another iu its sfeud calculated to rescue them from unpeuditig dan gers and to secure tfie.r future welfare and hap piness. Nations, as well as individuals, are amen -ble forthoir acts to the public opinion of mnukiud.— A statement of n part of our grievances is there fore submitted to au impartial world, iu justifica tion of the hazardous, but unavoidable step now takou, of soveriug our poiitical connection with tho .Mexicau people, and assuming au indepen dent attitude among the u-iiiuusof the earth. Thu Moxican Government, by its colonizutiou laws, iuvited nud iuduced tho Anglo-American population of Texas to colouizo the wilderness, uuder the pledged faith of a written constitution, that they should coutiuuu to enjoy that constitu tional liberty and republican government to which they had been habituated in the laud of ibeir birth, the United States of America. - In this experts and here is opeued aoother field of action for the noble hearts now returning triumphant, aud cov ered with laurels won on Uv banks ol the Witli- Fucoocbie. against foes less savage, perhaps, lhau Santa Anna’s merciless Mexican bauds. Our iuforineut met iho express hearing the news wr give, and from him procured copies to-be pub lished lor the information of the people ou this side of the Sabine, whose relatious and friends, kin aud countrymen, arc now the victims of Mex ican barbarity. Col. Howie, it is said, shot him self. and Col. Travis stabbed himself to escape the cruelties of the enemy. Nobly they fought, doaily iney sold ‘their lives, nut none escaped of the whole garrison of ?jnn Antonio. LATE AND IMPORTANT FROM TEXAS. We learn by tho passengers of the sehr. Cu- manche. eight days from Texas, that the war has assumed a serious character. On the 25th Feb C. Pennington, Wm. C. Crawford. San Patricio I ruarv. tho Trxian Garrison in llexar, of 150 meu Municipality of Austin-—C-B. Siasttri., ’Inns. Barret. Brazoria—Edwin Waller, James Col lingsworth, J. .**. Byrum, Asa Brig* am Bexar —Francisco Itouis, .Antonio Navarro. J. B. Bad- get. Colorado—W. I). Lacy, Wm. Menifee.— Gonzalez—J. Fisher, M. Caldwell. Goliad— Harrisburg—Lorenzo De Zavala. Jasper—S. II. Everett. Geo. W. -‘tnith. Jack- sou—Elijah Stepp. Jefferson—Claiborn West. Wm. B. Scates, M. Menard, A. B. Hardin. Mi na- J. W. Itouton, K. J. G.-zlay, 11. ,M. Cole man. Matagorda—B. Uardinnu. Milam—L. C. Robertson, G. C. Childress. Nacogdoches— Robert Potter, Thus; J. Rusk Pecan Point—R. Hamilton. Collin M. King, Albert H. Lutipio're, Refugio—James Power, Sam. Houston, David Thomas, Edward Conrad, San Augustin, E. O. Dcgand, Martin Farme, Si-M. Blount. Sabine —James Gaines, Wm. Clarke, jr. Shelby—S. —John Turner, B. B. Goodrich, Je-tsc Grime- J. G. Swisher, G. W. Barnett. Late from Texas. The following Proclamation ot G< nrral lions .... M ^ ton. Commander in-Chief of the I’exiau forces, J about the same time Col Johnson, with a party of cohunaiided by Lt. Col. W. II. Travis, was at tached by the advance division of Gen. Santa Anna, consisting of 2000 mcu. who wero repulsed w ith the loss of many killed, between 500. to 800 men. without the loss of one man to thsTexinns. mos cou Basa !’ (Let us serve him tho same as t worthy, it is not the part of prudence to give w-e did Busa.) Min? became seriously alarmed, them the ad vantage which thoy would derive from aud sought refuge with the whole Artillery at I the right of complaint that the Senate had acted Momijouch. The mob is now at the palace.— | hastily or summarily ou their petitions, without God knows what will be the result of tho Irritated J inquiry or consideration. state of the iuhahitants of this city• Let the committee set tort Ii their own vieivf on ‘ these points, dispassionately, fully, and candidly And whereas the said resolve, mu „ . debated, and -adopted at a time, au.l cumstauchs which had tile eff-ci « r - - tr ( ir. «• co-oper*^ With the Buuk of the United Slates cidal —* ■ ■ ■ [This is evidently a wholesale statement, aud we do not find it confirmed by other account.- A Barcelona letter of the 29th, speaks of the lives of tho rioters having been spared, agreeably to the request of superior officers of the National Guard. Antonio l.liuas, cx-mcmbcr of the prin cipal Juuta, was arrested ou account of tho riuts, has been banished from Valcntia.] ' POLITICAL. will furnish the reader with some idea of the eriti cul statn of the Colonists. War, AVar. isthqjrrv, and before the battle is over aud the conflict end ed,” manv brave patriots we fear wiil perish. ARMY ORDERS. Convention Hall, Washington, March 2. 183G. 70 men, while recouuoitcriiig the westward of San Patricio, was surrounded in the night by a large body of Mexican troops, ill the moruing the demand of a surrender was made by the Mexi can commander unconditionally, which was re fused, but au oiler of surrender was made as pri- War is raging ou the frontiers. Hejnr is be- j soner? of war, which was acceded to by the Alex- sieged hy two thousand of ihe enemy, under llhtj h-ans—but no sooner had the Texitms inarched command of General Siczua. Reinforcements i out of their quarters and staked their arms, a go- are on their march to unite with the besieging J ue ral (•„-«. was opeued upou them by the whole army. By the last report, our force in Hojar was Mexican force. The Texians attempted to es only 150 nten strong. The citizens of Texas must rally to the aid of onr army or it will perish AIR. WEBSTER’S REMARKS ON THE ABOLITION PETITIONS. Mr.Webster addressed tho Senate as follows: Agreeable to notice, 1 offer sundry petitions on the subject of slavery ami tho slave t^xle in the District of Columbia. The first purports to be signed by two thousand four hundred aud twen ty-five of the female inhabitants of Boston. This petition is in the usual printed I'm in. It is respectful to Congress, and coataiues no re proaches on a uy body. It asks for the consider ation of Congress, both w ith respect to the ex istence of slavery iu the District, and with res pect to the slave trade in the District’ Let the argument be scon aud beard ; let the people be trusted with it; aud I have no doubt that a fair discussion of the so ject will produce its proper effect, both in and out of the Jjon- ate. This sir, would have been, and is the course of proceeding, which appears to tne to be prudent and jntt. Tho Senate, however, having decided otherwise, by a very large majority, 1 only say- so murli. on flic present occasion, as tnay suffice to make my oivuHipinions known. Exi»uu?iM£ Resolution. Mr. Beutou sulmiited, March 16, in tho Semite of tho United States, the following preinuble and resolution; Whereas, on the 26th day of December, iu the year 1833, the l'ollowhig resolve was moved iu tho Scuatc. “Resolved, That, by dismissing the late Se cretary of the Treasury because be would not, contrary to his own sens* of duty, remove Lhe money of the United States in deposite with the Brink of the United States ami its branches, in cou- nmkiu attempt which that instiuHiou Pan- The second ts n petition. signed by Joseph Y il- fc h , vilh lhc p resi ,| cn p s mid by tip sou, and. about a hundred others of Boston, soma his s , 1Cf esso , to HR-ct such removal, of whom are known to me. and are highly res j £ hjch ^ 0eet) j olle , lhe p.es.denl has assumed pectakle persons The petttiou is to the same ef fect, aud iu the same form Let the citizens of the East march ratho combat The enemy must be driven from our sod. or deso lation will accompany their march upon us. In dependence is declared, it must be maintained-— Immediate action, united with valor, alone can achieve tho great wmk. The service of all is forthwith required in the field. SAM. HOUSTON. Commander In Chief of the Army. P. S.—-It is rumored-that the enemy are ou their march to GooziiKz. and that they have en tered ihe colonies The fat« of Bojar is unknown. The country must, ami shall lie defended. The patriots of Texas are appealed to, iu behalf of their bleeding country. S. 11. We iuvite attention to tile folio * ing documents, -ecoived from a gentleman now m Texas, n.ul for warded bv express to the editor of the Montgom ery Advertiser. Head Quarters, Fart of the Alamo, I Bexar, Ech. 25. 183(5 y To his Excellency. Major General Samuel The third petition appears to be' sigued by a inhabitants of Wayne Mexican lorco. me ’lexians attempted ™ | arge number of person, i cape, but only three of them succeeded, one of, couatryt iu Michigan. 1 ntn not acquainted with whom was Col. Johnson- them it is a printed petition different in form from Between the 25th February aud 2d March, the Mexicans were employed in forming eutrench- ineuts around the Alamo and bombarding the place ; on the 2d March Col. Travis wroto that 200 shells had been thrown in the Alamo without i tj tiling a man. Ou the 1st March the Garrison of Alamo received a reiuforcetneutof 32 Texians from Ganzallcs, having forced their way through the enemies lines unking the number iu the Ala mo consisting of 180 mcu. On the 6th March, about midnight, the Alamo whs assaulted by the whole Mexican army, com manded hv Santa Anna iu person. The battle was desperate until daylight, when only 7 men belonging to Texian garrison were found alive, who cried for quarters, hut were told their was none from them. They then continued fighting until tho wholo were butchered'. One woman (Mrs. Dickinson) and a negro of Col. Travis’ were the only persons whose lives were spared. Wo regret to say that Col. David Crocket, his companion, Air, Benton, and Col. Bouhan of S. the preceding,drawn more at length, and going farther iut * the subject. But I perceive nothing iu it disrespectful to tho Senate, or reproachful to others. The fourth petition is liko the two first, in sub the exercise of ft power over the Treasmy of the United States, not granted him by the constitu tion and laws, and dangerous to the liberties of tile people.” Which proposed resolve was altered ami chan ged by the mover thereof, on the 28th day of March, in the year 1834, so as to read as fol lows : ‘ Resolved, That in taking upon himself tho responsibility of removing the deposite of :he public money from lhe Bank of the lfuito»i States, 5 to produce a panic and pi***. l,lt » country—to destroy the ceidiuoncc of , ,D ^ in president Jackaou^to -pumlne ‘ a ® P*»ple trition—jo govern the elections—,,, I,-,- Sbtte banks—ruiu their curre-.cv—fill“ 1 "P» »fc» IJ, i ,0, ‘ 1 til terror and distress,—and ? e ’’Ms extort the sufferings and alarms of er %lo the restoration of tho deposits and ,, ^“pl* of its charter : 1,18 fe-ieij] Aud whereas the said resolves is of -. {de and dangerous precedent, mnl s |,* Mo have been received, debated, or o,i l,IJ Bev*, .-ensue, nr nslminej esnry $2* .hi tcncrefore. J ,n " je Uroai Resolved, that the said resolve I from the journal; and for that p Ur ,'® C *l’ u «i:ed Secretary of the Settnc at snob il, ’"' mite may appoint shall bring the m-of,, unl-of the session 1833—4, into ;l,e « scr, i n jour- iu presence of the Senate, draw bl v "” e ’ a “<l die said resolve, and wrire arrows th» r ,Ue * r ° JD <i in stroug letters, the following WO rd at-:o by order oe the Senate ni * OF _ ,,N THE YEAR OF ODU I'.or.D,'1.^,''”’ UNNATURAL COURSE OF ’rn \n P In the Pliil idelphia .Vat;oa»l day last, we find the following: * ■ of !V- "A cargo ol Indian torn has : stance"rind m form. It is sigued bv four hundred j of lhf; u nite0 s.ates-has assumed aud uiirty-three citizens of Hostou. these signers, sir, I recognize the names Houston, Commander in Chief of the Army of; c wer „ amoU g t he number slain. Col. Bowie Terns., 1 was murdered in his bed. sick and helpless, Col. Travis’ servant was ordered to poiut out the hotly mr—On the 23d instant, the enemy in large: ed the demaud with a cannon shot, upon which the enemy commenced a bombardment, from u tion they have been cruelly disappointed—as the j nyhnth positions—Col. Batres, the agent of the Mexican nation has acquiesced in the govern- • President. Santa Anna, demanded a surrender at meat by General Antonio Lopez do isauia Ann i; i discretion, calling us foreign rebels, 1 auswer —who, having overturned the constitution of this 1 country, now offers the cruel alternative, cither to abandon onr own house, acquired by so many privations, or submit to the most intolerable of all tyranny, the combined despotism of the sword aud the priesthood. It lias sacrificed our welfare to the state of Co nhuila. by which onr interests have been continu ally depressed through a jealous aud partial courso of logislatiou, carried ou ut a far distant scat of government, by a hostile majority iu an unknown | we ope.icd a heavy discb tongue: and this too, notwithstanding we havo | isteron them,tqgether wi lorccs entered the city of Bexar, which could not „f muster, he did so, when Cos drew his sword be prevented as 1 flan not force sufficient to occu- aD) j IIlallg | P ,| ,j 10 f iice and limbs with the malig nant feelings of a Cumaucho savage. The lx>- di- s of tho slam were thrown into a heap in the ccutreof the Alamo and burned. The loss of the Mexicans in storming the place was nut less thau one thousand killed and mortally wounded, and five inch Howitzer, which, together with a heavy i ag , n;H ,y wounded—making, with their loss iu the cannonade, has been kept up incessantly ev<, r j first assault, beuveeu two and three thousand meu suite. 1 mstautlj sent expr-ss,-s lo t ol. hamiiii The flag used by tho Mexicans was a blood-re.l at Goliad, aud to .the people of Goilzal iz and San Felipe, to-day at 10 o’clock. A. M. some iwo or three hundred infantry crossed the river below, and came up under cover of the houses, until they arrived within point blank shot, when trge ol grape and can- ith » well uirected tire iu accordance with the provisions of the national j from small arms, which forced them (o halt nud constitution presented to the general congress a | rake shelter in the houses about 80 or IlKl yards republican constitution, which was, without just J fiom our batteries; the ar tion continued to rage cause, contemptuously rejected. It incarcerated in a dungeon for a long time one of our rilizeus, for uo other cause but a zeal ous endeavor to procure abe acceptance of our - constitution find the establishment of a state gov ernment. lt has failed and refused to secure on a firm ba sis, the right of trial by jury; that palladium of civil liberty, -and only safe guarantee foi life, li berty and property of the citizen. It has failed to’ establish any public sy stem of education, although possessed of means almost boundless, (tho public domain) and although it is an axiom in political science, that unless a people are educated nud enlightened, it is idle to expect tho continuance of civil liberty or the capacity fur self-government. It has suffered tho militaiy commaudaut sta tioned amongst us to exercise arbitrary arts of oppression and tvranny; thus trampling upon the most sacred rights of the citizen, and rendering r the military superior to the civil power. It has dissolved hy force of arms the state con gress of Coabuiln aud Texas, aud obliged our re presentatives to fly for their lives from the scat of government; thus depriving us of the fundamen tal political right of representation. It has demanded the surrender of a number of our citizens, and ordered military detachments to secure and carry them into the interior for trial: iu contempt of the civil authority aud in defiance of the laws of the constitution. It has made piratical attacks upon our com merce, by commissioning foreign desperadoes anti authorizing them to at-ize our vessels, and convey the property of ourcitizens to far distant ports for confiscation. It denies us the right of worshipping the Al mighty according to the dictates ofuur conscience —by the support of a national religion, calculated to promote the temporal interests of its human functionaries, rather than the glory of the true and living God. It has demanded us to deliver up our arms, which are essential to our defence, tho rightful property of freemen, and formidable only to ty rannical governments. It has invaded our covuiry, both by sea and land, with iutcut today waste our territory, and drive us from our homes—and has now a large mercenary army advancing to carry on agaiustus a war of eztcrminaiion. - It has. through its emissaries, incited the merci less savage, with tho tomahawk ami scalping knife, to massacre tho inhabitants of our defence less frontiers. - It has been, during tho whole time of our con nection with it, tho coutempliblo sport and victim of successive military revolutions; nud hath con tinually exhibited every characteristic of a weak, corrupt and tyrannical government. Theio rihI other grievance* wero patiently borne by the people of Texas, uutil they reached that point at which forbearance ceases to be nvir- tuo. We then lookup arms in defence ef tho Na tional Constitution- AVo appealed to our Alexi- can bicthrcn for assistance. Our appeal has been made in vain; though months havo elapsed, no aympathetic response has been heard from the in terior. Wo are therefore forced to the melancho ly conclusion, that the Mexicau pooplo have nc- (juiesred in the destruction of their liberty, and the substitution thereof of a military government; fhat they are unlit to be free, and incapable of self government. Tho necessity of self preservation therefore, now directs our gjcroiil separation. A o therc- iore, the delegates, wth plenary powers of the people of Texas, in solemn convention assembled, .appealing to a candid world for the necessity of otir conditiou, do hereby resolve and deduce, that j our political couuexion with the Mexicau Nation . has forever euded, aud that tho people of Texas now constitute a free, .sovereign uu<! indepen dent republic, and aro fully invested with ull the rights and attributes which properly belong tain- rJcpendeiit nations. a - SJONKRS' NAMES. ’ R1UHARD ELLiS, Pres’t for about two hours, when tho enemy retreated iu coufusion, dragging off some of their dead and wounded. During the action the enemy kept up a continued bombard and discharge of ball, gnip.; and canister. We kuow, from actual observa tion. that many of the eueuiy were.-killed and wonnded, while we oil our part had not lost a man Two or three of our men Have been slight ly rratched by pieces of rock, but none disabled 1 take great pleasure iu statiug, that both officers and men conducted themselves with fiiuiucss and bravery. Lieut. Simmons, of Cavalry, (acliug as Infantry) and Captains Cary, Dickerson and Blair, of artillery, rendered essential service, and Charles DLspalber, aud Robert Brown, gallantly sallied out aud set fire to the houses which afford ed the enemy shelter, in the^ face, of the enuiny, five, indeed tho whole of the men, who were brought into action, conducted themselves with «uch uni a tinted heroism that it woulo be i-justice to discriminate. The Hon. David Crockett was scon at all points animating the men to do ibeir duty; our uuinbers me few, and the enemy still continues to approximate his works to o.irs, end I have every reason to apprehend tin attack from his whole force very soon, nut 1 shall hold out to the last extremity, hoping to rereive rrinforcc- tncuts in a day or lire. Do hasten on to aid me as rnpiuly as possible, or from the superior num bers of the enemy, <t will be im possible for us to keep them out ranch longer. If they over power us. we fall a sacrifice at the shrine of our country, and tve hope posterity and our country will do our memory justice. Give me help, oil my country.— Vietory or death. Your ob’t seiv ant, [Signed] . W. B. TRAVIS. Lieut, Col. Com'dt. Gunzaex.es. February 28. To the Governor and Council oj Trias : Ail express arrived from Bexar, under date of the 25th, which brings glorious news, our follow •oldieis have sustained themselves beyond our most sanguincexpcciiitions. Lieu . Kimbol of the Rangers, with a command of forty men. left yes terday evening for Bexar, under orders from me to make their tray into the Alamo a* early as practicable. By express, wo have intelligence t;.st Col.. Fannin, with 3(H) troops and four pieces of artillery, hns beeu t«o days on the road from Goliad to Bexar, we may reasonably anticipate his arrival this evening in llexar. 1 pray you to forward men and ammunition, powder, fur the ar tillery is almost exhausted in the Alamo—lead, their is none ou this frontier for the Militia. I .can write no inure, the express is waiting. 1 have just received other glorious news, the first detach ment of Rangers under tho command of Gapt. J. J. Tomlinson, have re taken the Indians with Airs lltbbius and her child. I have ordered him bv express of to day, to this place direct lor Bex ar. It. M. WILLIAMSON, Major. Gunzallks, Feb. 28. 1836. Dear Sir— On arriving hero with an express, 1 despatched one to Col. Fannin, who answered it by saying he would leave the day before yester day for 8au Antonio, with ubnut three hundred ana twenty men; there was about sixty tneu. A- mericans and Mexicans, gone from this place to join the troops from Goliad. We arc preparing provisions lor the troops ns fast as they come, so that there may be no detention; hurry ou men, as there is no time to lose; send powder hy all means. This goes with a letter from Ctd. Travis. I am doing all 1 can here, mitil-i am able to to go on, which I hope «tlj he wbt u the next troops.ar rive, if so. 1 shall .leave with them, haste, J. D CLEMENTS; . — red one in place of the constitutional flag, linuie flintel\ after tho capture, Gen. Santa Anna scut 31 rs. Dickinson aud tho scivaut to Geu. lious ton’s camp, accompanied by a Alexican with i flag, ivbo was a bearer of a note from Geu. San ta Anna, offering the Texians peace and a gener al amnesty if they would lay down their arras and submit to his government. Geu. Huuston’s reply was—“True sir, you have succeeded iu kil ffhg some of our brave men, but the Tuxiaus are not y.-l conquered.” ’! be effect of the fall of Bexar, throughout Tex as. was electrical; every man who could use a rifle, aud was in a conditiou to take tne field, marched forthwith to the seat cf war. It is be lieved that not less than 4000 riflemen were ou iheir way to the army wheu the Cumaiichcsailcd, determined to wreak their vengeance ou the Mex icans. General Houston had burnt Gonsales and fal len back on the Colorada. with obout 1000 men; Col, Fanning was in the fort at Goliad, a very strong position, well supplied with munitions aud provision*, with from 4 to 500 men. 'I'he general determination of the people of 'tVxas is to abandon all their occupations aud pursuits of peace, and continue iu arms, uutil ev ery Mexican east of the Rio del Norte shall be exterminated. Late it from Liverpool. Charleston. April 1. The ship Comolia, On pi. Eaton, arrived at this port yesterday afternoon from Liverpool, whence she sailed on the I8th February? By ibis arrival, we received Gore’s Liverpool Adve rtiser, of the ISth FVb. Loudon papers and LovH’s Lists to the I6:h, inclusive. The political news is of little importance. The Colton market has advanced l-8d. Such infor mation as we have bceu able to obtain respecting the market follows: • Liverpool. Feb. 16—Yesterday 4000 bales Cotton wera sold at extreme prices, 500 to spec ulators. 2U0 for export. Our market is very firm and prices a little higher than on the 14th iust.” “Liverpool. Feb. 18.—The sales on Mtiuday wore 4000. Tuesday 4000, and yesterday up wards of700i». and such was the inquiiy then (or American Collou of the new crop, that prices advanced lully }<J. during tho day, nothing rep orted done by speculators, but exporters purcha sed freely , and spinners were encouraged to ope rate by the active business done in .Manchester on Tuesday. Most articles of consumption arc risihtriu Ibis country, and the Rail Road Mania is still excessive. We canuot look upon these symptoms of sp.-rnbitivo spirit, without (oaring and expectiug (he reaction Ctiar must take place in time.” The London papers are occupied in discussing the charges aguiust Air O’Connell aud the late Carlow elections, which are about to be brought before the House ofCoramous. The news from the armies in the' north of Spain does not amount to much more than that both parties are inanceuvring to take up advanta geous positions. The lion. Sir Thomas Packetiham, whose death was prematurely auuouuced some months ago, died ;> short time since iu Dublin, at the ad vanced age of78 years. Ills excellency SknoR Don Manuel Eduar do pe GkroSTIza, was presented to the Presid ent by tbo Secretary of State, on the 24th ult. as Envoy Extraordiuaiy and Minister Plenipo tentiary o( the Mexicau Republic, to the Uuited States. A letter from. Volusia, received in this city dated the 24th of Alarch, states that tho whole army ol Geu Eustis, was at Volusia, and would cross the St John's that night, aud join Gen. Scott, in five days, by a forced march, when a decisive action wns expected. The force of Geu Eustis was sai/natic about 200(1 men. Texas. Later still from Fall of Hvxai — c|. -»b fiM* et aud other Americans—<• inmund of Satr.i Vti ua in per.ou—•'exit' coiive, tad into a, iniiiiar.; ctimp. •••.- Tie ftrijiirros i.mp<«•[;,<;• yriinvii, were r»i,rc <;<1 int.i on. fr;; rV"by. « j;nt from. -Tox-is. Thu o«. tv* J* mxlauc.. »iy iadoefi;. to jimu, Spain.—Mina’s cruelty has caused great hor ror. He ordered every fifth inhabitant at Larn- yniirs iu i coz,to be shot, and ou arriving at Barcelona, j shot 5U immediately,, of tho Grst Carlists and I Republicans.; at the same time ho transported I 500 person; beyond the seas—to Ceuta, tho Phil- Bouie. Crock i iiptuo Islands, and other equally detested places. , r. y.ri. „-v Vtmr ram <ho spot published in the London IF--raid .of :h< 12lh of February, says under date •vf -intiun • s6ti». “this last act was mono than tlie pewp'frfcould bear; and this morning the mob sous well known to me to be gentlemen of great worth and respectability There are clergymeu, lawyers, merchants, literary meu, manufacturers, and indeed persous from all classes of so ciety. I ask, sir, that these petitions may be received, and move they be referred to the Cpmraiuee for the District of Columbia. This motion itself, sir, sufficiently shows iu what manner 1 think this subject ought to be treated iu the'Senate. The petitioners ask Congress to consider tho propriety aud expediency of two things : first of making provision for the extinction of slavery within the District; 2d. of abolishing or restrains lig the trade in slaves within the District Sim ilar petitions have already b<~«H received. '< h *e gentlemen who think Congress havb no power over titiy part of the subject, if they are clear and settleJ in that opinion, were perfectly justifiable in voliug nut to receive them. Any petition, which, iu our opiuiou, asks us to do that which is plniuiy against the Constitution, We inigtit very justly reject. As, if persous should petition us to pass a law abridging the freedom uf the press, or respecting au establishment of religion such petition would very properly be denied any re ception at all. - In doubful cases, we should incline to receive aud consider; because doubtful cates ought not to be decided without cousideratiou. But 1 cannot regard this case as a doubtful otic. 1 thiuk theeonsiiutiouoi power of Cougrcss over tbe subject is clear, ami, therefore, (bat we wore bound to recieve the petitions. Aud a large majority of tbe Senate are also of upiuiou that the petitions ought to be received. I have often. Mr. President, expressed theo- piuio» that, overslavery, as it exist* iu ibo States, this Government has no control ivhatever. lt is eutir 4y and exclusively a State concern. Aud while it is thus clear that Cougress has no direct power over this subject, it is our duty to take care that the authority of this Government is not brought to bear upon it by any indirect imerfer dice whatever. It must be left to the States to the course of things, aud to those causes over which this Government has no control. All this, ray opiuiou, is in the clear line of our duty- On tho other hand, believing that Cougress lias constitutional power over slavery, and the trade in slaves, within the District, I thiuk petitions ou those sujects, respectfully pre euted, ought to be respectfully treated and respectfully considered- The respectful inode, the proper mode, is the or dinary mode. We have a committee on the affairs of the District- For very obvious reasons aud without auy reforenco to this question, this committee is ordinarily composed principally of Southern gentlemen. For many years a member from Virginia ot Maryland has, 1 believe, been at the head of the Committee. The Committee, therefore, is the appropriate one, and there cau be possibly no objection to it, ou Account of tbe mauncriu which il is constituted. Now, I believe, sir, that the unanimous opinion of the North is, (bat Cougress has no authority over slavery iu the States; and perhaps equally unanimously, that over sluvery m tho District it has such rigtfui authority. Theu sir, the question is a question of the fit ness, propriety, justice, aud expediency of consid ering these two subjects, or either of them, ac cording to the prayer of these petitions. It is well known to Cougress and tho country that Congress has hitherto entertaiued iuquirirs ou both these points. On the 9th of January, 1809, tbe House of Representatives resolved, by vory large majorities “That the Committee for the District of Columbia be instructed to take into consideration the latcs icilhin the ULhict in res pett to slavery ; that they inquire into the slave trade as it exists in, and is carried oil through, the District; and (hat they report to the JJ^use such amendments to Ihe existing luics as shall stem to them to be just.” And it resolved also, “That the committee be fur ther instructed to uiquire into the expediency of providing bi/ law for the gradual abolition of slavery within the District, in such a manner thut the interest of no indivdiuul shall be injured thereby.” At early ns March, 1816, the same House, oil the inotiouof Mr. Randolph, of Virginia, resolved, •‘That a committee be appointed to inquire into the existence of an inhuman and illegal traffic of slaves carried on in and through the District of Columbia, and to report whether any. and what measures are necessary for putting a stop to tfie same.” lt is known, also, sir, th rt the Legislature of Pennsylvania has within a very few years urged upon Cougress the propriety of providing for the abolition of slavery iu the District. Thu House of Assembly of New York, about the same time, 1 think, passed a similar vote. After these pro ceedings, Air. President, which were generally known, 1 think, the couuiry was not at ull pre pared to find that these petitions would he ob- gr: and dangerous by to the liberties from Italy. Potatoes from Fruuro^ Italy! What next—hogs from Ilohomi'T froa > But a few days since, we s;mv ill ' inenr of ai> importation of wheat 3i’’""T 1 *'* Emriaud, at New York. From th e “i ff,ni of pork, «ve do not doubt that a r P enI I' r ' c e from Bohemia would prove a profio.t!i ■ bo S’ turn, as sarcastically :ls , he GaLtie s'lTT 9 ' sucIi au cutcrprae. When was it ,0 m tins country that p.,rK was r-. lhec *M a barrel, during a state of p n< 3^ A lining .j ext( r C ise of a power over the Treasury of tfie j eVer y ut her article tieces^iry ^ o P er j United States not granted tu him hy the cousti- t ,lmi y„ high . 1’beseTacts are eji-jlri* ' 1 e<1 ' rj,e J brought | )1)mo t0 every one who has to provide for a f a „ f,“ rkcti of A mes, useful subject of . wh.cba great majority of the peojWc bl * teresi iu understanding, is, what r/s n ’ which have led to this state of t|.j,,..» S . C ?1“ se ‘ the effect, few understand the cause' t , practical observer, the cause is cl,..,, n,,', ITS ORIGIN IN EXCESS1VP The declaration of ou.-s mavstartle am,!',?* readers, nevertheless it is \\ nr . - . f ‘* ur liatc it hy proofs too strong not to most sceptical of the fact. Ce It is an incontrovertible fact ihatiUi mouths of 1834 immediately succee-liug me session of Congress, was a pt-rio.l „f ' Universal prospenty throughout the L’uitca Siam Commerre flourished ; the farmer r,„„. t , ma.ket for the surplus product of !,i, obiai ied satisfactory prices; the mchm X nay laborer and fhc salaried individual™ e bid to provide the necessary articles of $u h, m « e for hrmsclve, and their families, ai priW^t while they amply compensated and ,ati s fi fd , producer, corresponded to a considerable ieZ m a relative proportion to the (trices which tits* "h-V’lK r‘ ,,0r ’ ;,U,i 1,10 c °Uipen85(fes which they received for ibeir services. Hon bit now ? In a little more th n „„e year hmv sre ;t has been the change! I„ that short period, h ow great the transition, fro-r the state of moderatioB which we hirve described, to one of ur.paralieltd exorbitance! We need not give a coo,par.-,tire prtre current of the articles of necessity: that m brought home to tbe practical exprrierceofsE " « KO to explain. the cause. It crises in travitt banking end excessive issues of l.ank pour! Let us state distinctly, we war nut agsinst auv briti- mate State bank But facts withiu our kilos- ledge, we shall state unhesitatingly; and frr.o the facts, deductions we shall draw. At the close of the year 1834, tbe Ban's cf the United States commenced its expansion of pipe issues. I tied the van. Iu a few mouth* there after it extended its circulajion of paper nearly to millions of dollars • State institutions followed in its wake. New iuslltulions went into opera- con. New institutions were incorporated. AI tbe latter gave full employment to the paper mill. AV c loci confident that we speak within Irnuudj when ive express the belief, that thirty mitliewt/ doHars were added to the jxiper part of our dm- lation medium in 1335. This is an addition of nearly one-third iawx year, to the amount of paper in previouscirci'i- tiou. \Ve have but to state a few example* of addi- tional i.rsnes of bank paper, within our own kuor- ledge to sustain our position. The Bank of tbe United. States j union and laws of the people.” Which resolve so changed aud modified by the mover therof on tbe same day and year last incn- tioued, was further altered so as tu read m these words: “Resolved. That the President in the late ex ecutive proceeding iu relation to the revenue, has assumed upou himself authority mid power not conferred by tho constitution and laws, but ill deregation oflmth In which last u-entioued form the said resolve, on the same day aud year last mentioned, was adopted by tile Senate, and became tbe act and judgment ofTliat body; and. as such, now remains upon tlje journal thereof: And whereas tiio said resolve was irregularly ilegnlly, and unconstitutionally adopted , by tlie Senate, iu violation of the rights of defence which belong to every citizen; aud in subversion of the fundamental principles oflaiv and justice ; because President Jackson was thereby' adjudged and pronounced to be gmity of nil impeachable offence aud a stigma placed upon him as a violator of bis oath of office, and of the laws and constitu tion which lie was sworn to preserve, protect and defend, without-going through tile forms of an impeachment mid without allowing to him the benefits of a trial, or the means of defence: Aud whereas the said resolve, in nil its vari ous shapes and forms, was unfounded aud er roneous in poiut of fact, anti therefore unjust and unrighteous, as well as irregular aud iii.con stitutiqnal; because the said President Jackson, neither in the act of dismissing Air. Duane, uni on the appointment of .Mr. Taney, as specified in the first form of tbe resolve, nor in taking up on himself the responsibility of removing the de- posites, as specified iu tbe second form of tbe same resolve, nor in any act which was then, or can now, be specified under the vague and am biguous terms of the general denunciation con tained iu the third and ias.i form of the resolve, did so or, commit and act in violation or in dero gation ot the laws aud constitution, or dangerous to the liberties of the people : And whereas tbe said resolve, as adopted, was uncertain ami ambiguous, containing nothing but looso and floating charge for derogating from tbe laws and constitution and assuming mtgranlCil power aud am hority iu the Into Executive procee dings iu rela.tiou to tho public revenue, without specifying ivhat part of the Executive procee dings, or what part of the public revenue, was mteuded to be referred to, or what parts of the laws nud constitution were supposed to have been infringed, or in what part of tho Union, or at what period of his administration, these late proceedings were supposed to have taken place: Thereby putting Senator at liberty to vote iu favor of the resolve upou a separa c and secret reason of his own, and leaving the ground of tbe Senate’s judgment to be guessed at by tho public, and to be differently and diversely interpreted by in dividual Senators according to the private und particular understanding of each; Contrary to all the ends of justice, and to all iheforras of legal mid judical proceeding—to the great prejudice of the accused, who could not kuow against what to defend himself; and to the loss of Seiintroial i grounds which tho public cannot know, aud which, if known, might proveto be insufficient in law, or unfounded in fact: And whereas tbe spefieatiou9 contained iu the first and second forms of the rcftolve, having been objected to iu debate, nud showu to be iusulli cient to sustaiu. the charges they were adduced creased irs paper issues in 13.35. or within two mouths of that year, - .«I P.000,til) The State Bank of Indiana has ob tained principally during the year 1835. a cir- ulathin of 2,000.00) The Illinois Bank, tltirie» the Inst few months - . 6M.1W The Bunk of \ irginia. curing the year 1835, has extended irs <ir dilation - - 1.100,030 I ho Slate Bank of North Carolina has obtained principally iu 1835. a circulation of • 1&0(M — $13,000. tffl Here we liave ati addition to »l;e paper par'd the circulating medium of the country- Iwfi”**: to (support, and it being well believed that no stilolions only of fifteen millions of doJfarsi®** majority could be obtaiued to vote for the said ! year! Iu other.States, uew banks have itecui*- specificatious ; and the same having actually been : corporated, mid have gone into operation, withdrawn by the mover in the lace of tho whole j have, during the whole period of thcjMrp* Senate, in consequence ol such objection and j been employed in throning out iijanutaciorr* belicfi olid baton- any vote taken thereupon, the l from ihojjfipcr Ittinf. 9itid speficiilion* could not idler wards be admu I lu Kentucky t.vo banks have geuc iuto ted by any rule ol Furliameiiiary practice, or by j lion, each with a capital of tivi million’ oH'" any principle of legal implication, secret intend-11ars; and without doubt, those two iustitutio® meut ot mental reservation, to remain and con- i have issued a million and a half f.,tw.>n*" ! III1UC a part of the wruen aud public resolve ' of dollars of paper. In Ohio, in A1i»sis*ipfC* l * from wli'ch they were thus withdrawn; and. it : in Louisiana, new banks have gone into op** jected to, ou the ground that asked for tbe exer ciseofuu authority ou the part of Cougress, which Congress cntinot constitutionally exercise; or, that having been formally received, the prayer of them, iu regard to both objects, would Im im mediately rejected, without reference to the com mittee, and without auy inquiry. Now, sir. the propriety, justice, nnd fitness of any interference of Cougi ess, 'em cither of the purposes stated iu the petitions, are the points on which, as it st ems to me, it is highly proper for a comruitieo.to make a report. The well disposed iml patriotic among these putiiioners tne omitted l 1 **’ _ . . „ , .. paii.J <f . .meets, crying. \Meura Alina !’('death . to bercspccifmly answered: aud if there boa •) ‘ilagamos cod ’cl lo miimo quo hici-1 meug them othu’is whose xnojjvos are less praise- they could be so admitted, they would not be sufficient to sustain rhe charges therein contai ned ; And Whereas the Senate being the cousti’u- tipoal tribunal for the tria: of tin Preside it when chaiged by tho House of Rep esvuUtives with offeuces'against tbe laws and tho cousti. uiion, the adoption of the said resolve before any iinpeach meut w as preferred by the House, was a breach of the privileges of the House, violation of. the constitution, a subversion of justice a preju lica- tion of H-questiun which might legally cqtne before the .Senate, and a disqualification of that body to perform its constitutional uty with fairness and impartiality, if the R esident should thereof ter be regularly impeached by the House of Rep reseututives for fb<> same offence. Aud whereas the temperate, respectful, anti argumentative defence aud, protest of the IVesi deut against the aforesaid proceedings of the Sen ate, was voted to be a breach of its privileges, and was not permitted to be euiercd ou its jour nal, or printed among tbe documents, while all meinorios, resolves aud remonstrances against tbe President, however violent or unfunded, aud cal culated to inflame the people against him, were duly and houorahly ’received, eiicomiastically commented upon in speeches, read at the table", ordered to be printed with the long list of u mu s attached, referred to tin Finance Commiitfie for consideraiimi, filed aw ny Union* the public ar chives, and now constitute a part id the public documents of the Senate, to bo handed down to the latest posterity. liou during tile past year; and have issued I ly of paper. Uitli these, and the addtfto* 11 * j deuces before us, we hesitate not to ' I there have been added to the piper pud I circulating medium of the country, thirty M". I of dollars during the past year. In d |15 l6 f jifr I *erret of the high prices of every uecw* 1 * 1 ? at home, and their importation from a ’ ( ^ Cun this state of things last ? Impose*™ ready do we wituess the day laborer, tnf the mcchattie, striking for an iucrea’W c l ( j sation for their labor. Now canittiv The man who receives his dollar in ronir 1 , ’ for his daily toil, is unable to oliiait* with ^ bui little more than half t ie ucces»»ry*i 1 ^ for his family, that be could two yearsng • ^ rich proprietor, the landlord and the lienefirted during the ‘existence things. All orhor classes suffer. M phaticallv. TO MAKE THE RICH 1^“ VND THE POOR POORER- n „ ( «f The past year has, to npp^araocc, ^ great and unexampled prosperity- . I0 lit feel rejoiced could w«_but believe toa ^ of long duration. We think otne.W lieve tb«t brilliautsunshine ui V r0 ^ C . nal »esr* ditfieineral A reaction Iws ulreat J l ^0& r I’liousauds who. in toiagiuetirai: 1 ■ ted. fortune-, from their sjlerclatt . rU j, : . ' will find themselves uverwheune tremble in thiukiug of eomitig l ‘ k ' f . But when people fit/, lbs* t-ir, / the most cle.ir. The iheusauo* t eff will discover^ wt-iie pouciefinS 0