Newspaper Page Text
ENGLAND’S RIG BANK.
STORIES OF THE INSTITUTION IN
THBEADNBEDLE BTRiET.
The Origin and Extent of the Bank—
Borne of the Ingenious Frauds Per
petrated Upon It at VariousTtmes—
A Ca3hler Who Embezzled $ 1,600,
OOO—How a “Run" on the Bank Wa
Averted—The First Forged Note.
From the .Vein York Star.
The Bank of England is one of the plae*
of interest that the stranger in LondA
always goes in search of. It is really onef
the very interesting features of the metJp
olis. The building comprises a large, as
sive square stone block, covering an* r oa
of twelve acres, and is bounded on it four
sides by Threadneedle street, rinces
street, Lothbury, and ’ Brtholo
mew lane. Most of the other leading
English banks have their head office in one
or other of these thoroughfares. ,'hr front
of the bank immediately ovclooks the
Royal Exchange and the Manscn house —
the official residence of the J*rd mayor.
Every evening as soon as the b*nk is closed
a detachment of soldiers is marched into
the court yard of the building and remains
stationed there throughout the night. This
regulation first came into vogue more than
a century ago, at a period when the ssfcty
of the bank stood in jeopardy of beinf at
tacked by a riotous mob. Any one is at
liberty to saunter through the corridors and
courts during the hours of business. Dut if
it is desired to pay a visit to the ssfes and
vaults, a special permit has firs! fc> be ob
tained.
The Bank of England was established in
1694, under the corporate title of “The Gov
ernor and Company of the Bail of Eng
land.” Business was begun An. 1, 1695.
The act of incorporation provided that the
capital, originally fixed rt £1.200,000,
should be loaned permanentlf to the gov
ernment at the rate of 8 per cent, per
annum, and this loan, it issaid, still con
tinues to be nearly identcal in amount
with the original capital The management
of the entire public debt I given into the
hands of this bank. The business done by
this bank is enormous It employs an
army of managers, cleric and accountants,
its financial transaction run into figures
whose amount seems aliiost inconceivable.
The history of the Bank of England pre
sents many instances of ingenious frauds
practiced upon it. Pi one pentod of its
existence the government authorities were
continually having /uses of forgery and
deceit brought to ttoir notice, and were
generally put to intfiorse trduble and ex
pense in tracing th origin of the various
offenses and bringing the delinquents to
justice. Somotimis enormous sums were
involved, and, notwithstanding that the
penalty to be sufered upon conviction of
forgery was dtnth, the many examples
which were mad* (lid not have the effect of
deterring others from committing similar
crimes, so long is the extreme penalty was
in force.
In the latterpart of the last century and
the earlier portion of the present the chief
cashier of tin bank was Abraham Newland,
by whom all prosecutions for forgery of the
notes of tbal establishment were instituted.
Strange to say, the greatest loss ever sus
tained by tbs bank at one lima was through
the dishonesty of a servant, Robert Astletl,
who was Newland's nephew and a cashier
in the establshment.
It amounted to 81,000,000, which consisted
in plundered exchequt.rod bills, and was
equal to the entire half-yearly dividends of
1803, the year in which the fraud was per
petrated. However, a divider.d was de
clared as usual, but no bonus was an
nounced, and the reason was, of course,
attributed lo the above circumstances.
Astlett was fortunate enough to escape the
penalty of his crime through the bungling
of the bank counsel in framing an indict
ment agairst him. He was tried under
the bank act, to make his conviction the
more certain, w hile had he been tried under
the ordinary law applicable to common
cases of embezzlement be would have been
convicted. It was a great many years after
this that Newland retired from his post of
chief cashier, and he refused to accept the
pension which the bank offered him at the
time. He died worth 81,000,000, besides
$5,000 a year in real estate. But it is not
to be supposed that he saved this out of his
salary; it was said to be the result of suc
cessful speculation.
On one occasion a Jew, having purchased
8100,000 worth of Bank of England notes
from a banker’s clerk who had defaulted
and absconded, be, in six months, presented
them at the bank and was refused, as the
bills had been stolen. The Jew, who was a
wealthy and energetic man, thou diliber
alely went to the Exchange and asserted
publicly that the bank had refused to honor
its own gbills for . 8100,000; that its credit
was gone and its affairs were in confusion;
that they had, in fact, stopped payment.
The Exchange naturally wore every appear
ance of alarm. The Hebrew showed the
notes to corroborate his assertion, and de
clared they had been remitted to him from
Holland, and, of course, his statement was
believed. He then declared bis intention to
advertise the refusal of the bank to honor
their bills. Information of this action
reached the directors, and a messenger w as
dispatched to inform the holder that he
might receive cash in exchauge for the
notes. The fact is, the law could not hinder
the holder of the notes from interpreting
the refusal that was made of payment as
he pleased—for instance, as a pretext on
the*part of the bank to gain time, and be
lief in this would have caused great alarm.
All this the directors foresaw; though this
was at an early period, when the reputation
of the company was not so firmly estab
lished as at the present time.
Of lost notes there are also some enter
taining narratives. Thus, in 1740, one of
the bank’s directors lost a $150,000 Bank of
England note, which he was persuaded had
fallen from the chimney-piece of his room
into the fire. Upon this representation his
colleagues gave him a second bill, upon his
agreement to return the first one should it
ever be found, or to pay the money itself
should it be presented by any stranger.
About thirty years after this had
occurred, the director having been long dead,
and his heirs in possession of his fortune,
an unknown person presented the lost
bill at the bank and demanded payment. It
was in vain that they explained to this per
son the transaction by which the bill was
annulled; he would not listen to it. He
maintained that it had come to him from
abroad, and lusisted upon immediate pay
ment. The note was payable to bearer, and
the $150,000 was paid to him. The heirs of
the director would not listen to any de
mands of restitution, and the bank was
obliged to sustain the loss. It was after
ward discovered that an architect, having
Surcbased the director’s house, had taken It
own in order to build another upon the
same spot, had found the note in a crevice
of the chimney, and made his discovery an
engine for robbing the bank.
The day on which a forged note was first
presented at the Bank of England forms a
memorable event in its history. For sixty
four years the establishment had circulated
paper with freedom, and during this period
no attempt had been made to imitate it. He
who takes the* initiative in anew line of
wrong-doing has more than the simple act
to answer for, and to Richard William
Vaughan, a Stafford linen draper, belongs
the notoriety of having led the wav
in this now phase of crime in the
year 1758. The records of his life do
not show want, beggary or starvation
urging him, but a simple desire to seem
greater than he was. By one of the artists
employed, and thore were several engaged
on different parts of the notes, the discov
ery was made. The criminal bad filled up
the number of twenty and deposited them
in the bands of a young lady to whom ho
was attached, as a proof of bis wealth.
There is no calculating how much longer
bank notes might have remained free from
imitation had this man not shown with
what ease they might bo counterfeited.
Thenceforth forged notes became common.
There is also abundance of interest in the
cironieles of the “runs" upon the bin.* -
amt the expedieits by which it has been
saved. In 1745, for instance, the corpo
ration adopted an ingenious math and for re
tair.inj its specie. Agents were employed
to enter wit i notes, wno, to gain t me. were
paid in six-penny pieces (I'd < entand, as
t nose who ante first ware entitled to priority
of ray meat, tne age 1 s went out atone door
with the specie they had received, and
brought it back by another, so that the
bona fide holders of note* could never get
near enough to present them. But pro
vision has since been made by parliament
to protect the bank against the injury
which might result front a repetition of
such “runs.”
Some curious instances are also on record
of the peculiar uses to which ba-ik notes
have occasionally been placed, from ignor
ance of their value. A gentleman who had
missed his path in Hertford rode up to a
cottage for directions. Here, with an old
ballad stuck against a window pane,
was a bank note for $lOO. The aged
couple to mom it belonged could neither
read nor write, and were overjoyed at the
money of which they had been in ignorant
possession.
If onjv half of the talent and ingenuity
which is employed in the cause of dishonesty
and deception was devoted to upright and
worthy purposes, it could not fail to win
wealth, repute, and the world’s applause.
In 1780 a gentleman of eminence in the
mercantile world was grieved by the con
tents of a letter which he received from a
correspondent at Hamburg, the postmark
of which town it bore. Prom the statement
it contained, it appeared that a person,
most minutely described, had defrauded
the writer, under extraordinary circum
stance.', of $15,000. The letter continued to
say information had been obtained that the
defrauder—the dress and person of whom it
describe 1— was occasionally to be seen on
the Dutch walk of the royal exchange.
The object of the writer was to induce
his correspondent to meet and invite
the party to dinner, and, by any moral
persuasive which cou’d be used, compel him
to return the money; adding that if ho
should be found amenable to reason and
evince nny signs of repentance, he might
be dismissed with a friendly caution and a
friendly gift of $3,500, as he was a near
relative of the writer. As the gentleman
whose name the letter bore was a profitable
correspondent, the London merchant de
cided to carry out the wishes expressod by
him, and accordingly kept a keen watca on
the Dutch walk, and was at last successful
in meeting and being introduced to the
cheat. The invitation to dinner was
given and accepted, and the host having
given notice to his family to quit the table
soon after dinner, acquainted bis visitor
with his knowledge of tho fraud. Alarm
and horror were depicted in the countenance
of the young man, who, in tones apparently
tremulous from emotion, begged his dis
grace might not be made public. To this the
merchant consented, provided the $15,000
were returned. The visitor sighed deeplv,
but said that to return all were impossible,
as ho had unfortunately spent part of the
amount. The remainder, however, he
proposed to yield instantly, and
tho notes were handed to the
merchant, who, after dilating upon the
goodness of the man he had robbed, con
cluded his moral lesson by handing him a
check ,for $3,500 as a proof of his benefi
cence. The following morning tho mer
chant went to the bank to deposit the
money he had received, when, to i.is great
surprise, he was informed that the notes
were counterfeit. His next inquiries were
concerning the check, but that bad been
cashed shortly after the opening of ti e
bank. He immediately sent an express to
his Hamburg correspondent, who replied
that the letter was a forgery, and that no
fraud of tho kind mentioned had been com
mitted on him. The whole affair had been
plotted by a gang, some of whom were on
the continent and some in England.
Again in 1789 an ingenious fraud was
perpetrated by Francis Fonton, a clerk in
the Bank of England, and one of those men
whose real sin is covered by an appearance
of sanctity. Having been requested by a
friend to purchase *350 worth of stock,
Fonton gave him a forgod receipt, and in
duced bitn, in addition, to sign a transfer
for $2,250, under the impression that it was
an acceptance of the $250. He remarked to
a friend shortly after his conviction that
“he had taken care of bis soul, and did not
mind what they did with his body,” which,
needless to say, was dealt with according to
law.
BUFFALO’S POSTAL THIEVES.
A General Delivery Clerk Also in
Custody and Confesses.
Buffalo. N. Y., Dec. 26.—The arrest of
Warren F. Hedstrom, on Saturday night,
for stealing from the United States mails
at the Buffalo postoffice, was followed to
day by tbe arrest of Edward F. Bapst, a
general delivery clerk, on tbe same charge.
Upon being brought before thejpostmaster,
and confronted with the testimony of in
spector Hartshorn, who had seen Bapst take
several letters from the mail and thrust
them in his pocket, the young man broke
down and confessed. He produced three
letters from his pocket which he bad taken
from this morning’s mail. They were ad
dressed to the Erie Medical Cos., and con
tained orders for medicine, but no money.
Bapst said he began stealing about four
months ago. He confessed to having fouud
money in some letters, about 860 altogether.
He was arraigned before the United States
cummissioifer and lodged in jail. Bapst is
married and is a son of Louis Bapst, a
prominent citizen.
_ ..I - iii ii^
MEDICAL.
i":
A VETERAN
I was wounded mthe leg at the battle of Stone
River Pee. Slst. 1862. My blood wa* poisoned
from ’the effects of the wound, and the lev
swelled to double its natural size, and rername
so for many years. The pqmon extended to
my whole system, and I entered s thousu
deaths. Nothing did me any good until 1 tojK
Swift’s Specific, which took the poison out i
my system, and enabled me to feci my relf h i. '
a-ain. S. S. S. is the remedy for blood poison.
John Conway, London, O.
Treatise on Blood and Skin Dircares mailed
tT t e :~rrr Spv~r*TC Cos . Drawer n Atlanta. Ha
CHOCOLATE.
Paris Exposition 1889 :
3 GRAND PHIZES—S HOLD MEDALS. ■
MENIER
CHOCOLATE
ABSOLUTELY PURE!
VANILLA (sante) QUALITY. |
ASK FOB YELLOW WRAPPER.
FOR SALE EVERYWHERE.
BRANCH HOUSE. UNION SQUARE, N. Y, |
LIPPMAN BROS- Wholesale Agents.
RICE PLANTERS^
Sole agent for CLARK S CUTAWAY HAR
ROW. Full stock on hand.
Geo. W. Parish.
THE MORNING NEWS: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 28." 1889.
PEARS’ SOAP.
'■ Ex/ws m g .
Pear S obtained the onlv gold medal
V O
awarded solely for toilet SOAP in competi
tion with all the world. Highest possible
distinction
a—aa——Eijjananwf'L slw *• -t ' tw..
medical. ~
.flSniuMS
For m Stomach—lmpaired Dipsfe-DisoriM Liver.
BY AIX DRUGGISTS.
PRICE 25 CENTS PER BOX.
Prepared only by TflOS. BEECHAM, St. Helens, Lancashire, England.
7 • AI.L /'.V A CO., Sole Agents
For Ukited States, 365 & 367 Canal St., lew York.
V\ho (if your druggist does not keep them) will mail Beerham’s
trills on receipt of price —but inquire first. (Please mention this paper:)
PURSITURE AMU CAKI'JiTsL
A HAPPY NEW YEAR
Will be started by sending one of these most comfortable
Extension Chairs to your Father, Mother, Sister, Brother,
or any of your friends. Call and examine them.
We have an endless variety of other things also that will
make people happy.
OTXIR, STOCK O!F 1
Parlor and Bedroom Suites,
WARDROBES, EXTENSION TABLES,
Sideboards, and Dining Chairs,
IS THE MOST VARIED IN THE SOUTH.
Tailors and Dressmakers should examine our line of
TRIPLICATE GLASSES.
BIG REDUCTIONS IN CARPETS
LINDSAY & MORGAN’S.
HARDWARE. ETC.
George F. Drew Hardware Cos.,
40 and 42 East Bay St., - Jacksonville, Fla.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
HARDWARE, SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS. STOVES AND TINWARE.
STATE AGENTS for Revere Rubber Company's Giant Stitched Rubber Belting, Henry Disston
& Sons’Circular Saws, Nicholson File*. Sterling Emory Wheel*. Alligator Axes, Simond s C res
cent Ground Coarse Cut Saw*. Starke's Genuine Dixie Plows. Buffalo Stan lord calea, Longman
A Martinez Paints. B. F. Avery & Sons' Steel Plows. Iron Age Hand Garden Tools, “Medal brand’'
Rooting Felt, Thomas Roberts Stevenson Company’s Heating and Cooking Stoves and Ranges.
HEADQUARTERS for lowa 4-Point Barb Wire, Kilbourne & Jacobs' Wheelbarrow, Atlantic
White lean, Campbell & Thayer's Oil and Painters’ Supplies.
All orders shipped immediately on receipt,. Correspondence solicited.
MILIUS Sc CO. I Holiday Goods and Christmas Gifts.
Ohoioe Selections. Desirable Goods. Popular Prices.
HAND BAGS, I PLUSH GOODS, CAPS, | RUCHINOS,
POCKET BOOKS. DOLLS. WRAPS, | COLLARS.
BASKETS, TRIPLICATE MIR SHAWLS. 1 COLLARETTES,
PICTURE FRAMES, ! RORS, SCISSORS, CAPES, I SCARFS A FICHUS
Best Assortment of HANDKERCHIEFS in the city, sc. to 3“ W ealih. .
JEWELRY. CORSETS, KNIT GOODS, SUSPENDERS,
COLOGNES. GLOVES. JERSEYS, UMBRELLAS.
EXTRACTS, HOSIERY, BLOUSES, FINE NECKWEAR,
SOAPS, UNDERWEAR, JACKETS, NIGHT ROB EH.
Elegant Line Umbrella* from $1 to 81# SO. Drive* In Silk Handkerchief*, 50c. to 81 25. Cane*
Cane*. Canes. fan< y handles.flee, to 814- Exquisite Styles in 'Auerbach’s'’ Neckwear, 50c. to $2
All goods marked in plain figure*. Choice Novelties ju*t received.
MILIUS & CO., - 159 BROUGHTON ST
Latest publications Arundel Library, 9c.; Arlington Library, 18c.; Red Line Poet*. We.
MEDICAL
• ‘ r ' I*,-' ?■ . * '
DDD
******
mm s
WHlrt
P p p. CU" i!
Ki ofulA
wiapiMPi
ESS
P P. P- c , ur a^
F: l a r i m
p p p.cn
j%,
§§ggs
I.OTTKHY.
ix> r rrERY
OF T If: PtJhIJC CHARITY.
ESTABLlriilfl' Iff 1877, BY THE
MEXICAN
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.
Operated Under a Twenty Years' Contract
by the Mexican International Im
provement Company.
Grand Montt.li r>rawin<e held In the Moresque
Pavilion 1. tii ■ Alameda Park. City of Mexico,
arid jMihtieiy coi'docted by Government OtTl
oirtie appointed for the ourpose by the Secre
tary of the Interior on I the Treasury.
Grand Monthly Drawing, Jan. 9,189 ft
CAPITAL PRIZE.
#60,000.
SO.OOO Tickets at #, 3330,000
Wholes, @1; liaises. 32; Uuarlera. 31;
Club Rates: I5 Tickets for SSO
U. S. Currency.
LIST OF PKI7.IS.
1 CAPITAL PRIZE OK SOO,OOO It JfiO.OOO
1 CAPITAL PRIZE OF 20.1 Kk) Ih. ... ao.'XX)
1 CAPITAL PRIZE OF 10,0001s 10,OX)
1 .RAM) PRIZE OF 2.0001s 2.000
3 PRIZES OK 1,000 are.. .. ,3,000
6 PRIZES Or' 500 are ... 3,000
SO PRIZES OK 200ure. .. snort
100 PRIZES OF 100 are 10,000
340 PRIZES OF So are..,. 17,000
4 PRIZES OK 20ar... 11.080
APPROXIMATION PRintS.
SO Prizes of SOO, aop. to £OO.OOO Prize.. $ 9,000
150 Prizes ot £SO. ap|i. to 20,000 PriZ).... 7,500
150 Prizes of S4O, ttpp. to 10,090 Prizo.... ,0()
759 Terminals of $29,
decided by $60,000 Prize.. 15,980
2270 Prizes Amountin ' to #178,500
All Prizes sold in the United States full paid
in U. 8. Curr ncv.
SPECIAL FEATURES
By terms of contract the Company must de
posit the sum of all prizes included in the
scheme before selling a single ticket, and re
ceiv.- th- following ofllc.at jxennit:
CERTIFICATE.- I hereby certify that the
Bark o f London and Mexico hat on special
da ott the necect'iry fundt to guarantee the
payment of all prize* drawn by the Loteria
dr ia Beneficencia Fu btica.
A. CASTILLO. Inteeventor.
Punt,or, the Compauy is required to distrfb*
ale 36 percent, of the v tlue of all the tickets la
prizes a larger proportion than is glveu by any
other Lottery.
Kinaliv, toe number of tickets is limited to
Si.oOo—ii.ooo Irfa than are sold by other lot
teries using the same scheme.
For full particulars address 11. Maaaettl,
Aoartado 736. Cty ot Mexico, Mexico.
SPOUTING GOODS.
Spill Goods.
HUNTING SHOES,
LEATHER, CORDUROY
AND CANVAS LEGGINGS,
CANVAS COATS,
CORDUROY HATS.
LOADED SHELLS,
LEFEVER. PARKER COLT,
AND REMINGTON GUNS,
English and German Guns.
Winchester and Colt Rifles,
AT LOWEST PRICES.
Palmer Bros.
....... . - .. . 1 ■ l,l . ' >
GKOCKRIE*.
W. and. CHAMPION, j
SPECIALTIES:
GROCERIES.
LIQUORS.
A. i. CHAMPION’S SON,
T.CCEPSON TO
A. H. CHAMPION.
CLOTH UfO.
MURRY , SAME TO
CHRIST
masi ! Y O SJ!
Drop in and buy something that wil]
show for itself when Christmas is gone.
Silk, Linen, and Initial Hand
kerchiefs.
Foster, Paul, and .Adler’s Kid
Cr loves.
Grold and Silver-lleaded Silk
U mbrellas.
Fine Neckwear.
Knox and Stetson Hats.
Fine Smoking Jackets.
And the largest and finest line of Cloth
ing and Overcoats in the city.
Popular Prices.
15. H. LEV Y & BRO.
IMMENSE SUCCESS.
Our largo purohaio at the recent clearance gile of one of the beat clothing manufac
turers la notice of which appeared in the nee sc, lumns of the proa,) in duly armre dated
by tbo Savannah public. There are at. 11 io.ne of ih i
BARGAINS ON SALE.
OVERCOATS. ULSTERS, BUSINESS SUITS and DRESS SUITS, in the rreatct
variety end of the beet f ihric. In early cill aecuos the ehoic at, Btvles. as NOTHING
IN THIS SALE CAN BE DUPLICATED AT J KESEN l' PRICES.
Our direct importation of ENGLISH UNDERWE AR. DRESSING GOWNS and
SMOKING JACKETS, will pleas* the most fastiJi m, and the JAEGER SANITARY
WOOLEN LNDERWEAR, of wuieh wo are the solo ago its, is acknowledged to be the
most reliable.
A. FALK & SONS,
Reliable Outfitters, 161 Broughton St.
STOVES.
# MEATS ROASTED IN THEIR OWN
JUICES, BY USING THE
WIRE GAUZE OVEN DOOR
, FOUND EXCLUSIVELY ON THB
CHARTER OAK
STOVES I RANGES.
Thera U not a Oooklng Apperatn* mad* tutne th®
Pol id Door but that the loaa in weight. of meat, is
from time i*.jive to forty per coot, of the moot roasted.
In otfr n rib of beef, wMßhing tun pounds if
roasteu luoclutu to well-dcro will lose throe pounds.
Tho eme roasted In the CHAXtTBH OAK
V ANGB using* the WIRE OAUZJS OVEN
POOR, ioLf m about one pound.
ToulTow mat touhr nk into lose a large portion of
_ . *~~~ - . Its juices and flavor. The fibres do not separate, and tt
Send for Illustrated Circular and Price Lists. becor ** tough, tatie* and nupaiateatia.
Charter Oak Stoves and Ranges with Wire Gauze Oven Doors, are Manufactured
by the Ljrcelalor 91 anufavturlny Cos,, St. Louis, Mo., andßo*l by
CLARK & DANIELS, Sole Agents, Savannah, Ga.
—■ .... jai
HOTELS.
hotel cordova;
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA.
This Palatial Hotel Will Open TUESDAY, December 24th
E. N. WILSON, Manager.
PUBLICATIONS.
difistiasPeriodicals
AT
ill's News Depot
No. 21 i Bull Street.
Price.
London II ustrated N'ew* 75c
London G raphic 75c
Figaro ••• $1 00
Faria Illuatre 75c
Holiy Leaves 75c
Chatterbox Christmas Bor 75c
Lady'* Pictorial 76c
Pictorial World 75c
Chatterbox. $1 00
Frank I.ealie'B Christmas Book ... 75c
The Judge. 30c
Puck 30c
Life 30c
Harper a Bazar. Isc
Leriie'a Illustrated 25c
Texan Si flings ... 15c
Haroer'a Weekly 15c
Young Ladie*' Journal, double number
with fine ebromo #oc
New York Fashion Bazar with chromo 50c
Dramatic Mirror 25c.
Dramatic hews*with Chromo. 25c.
Mailed to any postnffioe on receipt of price.
Address all order* to
WILLIAM ESTILL.
Savannah, Ga.
HOLIDAY’ GOODS.
HOLIDAY IIS!
In greatest abundance are
being displayed at *
Destailloi's Jewelry Store
21 BULL STREET,
And low prices is the order
of the day.
YOU CAN BE SUITED
If you call and examine these goods. Look be
fore buying.
NU kskryT~
KIESLING-’S NURSERY,
WHITE! BXVUKy ROAD.
PI .ANTS, Bouquets, Designs, Cut Mowers
furnished to order. Leave orders at DAVIS
BROS.', cor. Bull arid York sts. Tho Belt Rail
way passes through tho nursery. Telephone MIX
Z-V IW CENTS A WEEK pays tor OH
• 9 DAILY MORNING NEWS. deliv.
' , rn lerad EARLY EVERY MORNING
<■■* m any part of the city.
5
