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dAT. th* first Tuesday of February— loo years
•*o— the room in the set apart for
the court, the federal hall being occupied by
conifress. eras, a* we are mfornwsi by the Vn.tr and
State* Gazette . in its of the next day,
•tmcommoidy crow-le-1.'’
DQIINO WITH THE OR.IXT) 4HIT.
One interesting incide-t of th first *;s inn of
the supreme court in this . ity may detain us
for a raoinent longer. It t?>t*l>lished a r>re.*e
deut wh ch is happily rvco.cn. ed and follow, and
to-day. Th* court acc-pteJ an invitation to
dinner. The iio-t who eu: retain*! it a* the
grand jury of the city an i c mnty of Now
York. This body. rerre ent eg the in* st ancnt
jnnsdiction of the common la v of Knclrtnd,
and one of its chief conservators of private
rights ami liberties, was the first t** extend a
welcome to t -is newest court of hig: •>t an-1
la>; r sort, and in the iutorchange of
greetings and sentiments to forecast it* brilliant
future.
THE A I>EVELOfKENT.
In the l.gm of the stimulated by
the revival *>f interest in American ideas which
marks this centennial fj>o h. w* iiavo c* *me to
fj>t i largely the principle o~ grow: h and <i*-
which inheres i*i every onward mr.ve
of the ra<v was a: work in the unfolding
r.t our organic law. The federal constitution
was, m great part, the result of wha' had gone
before in the m&k ng of th** colonial local gov
ernment* and of the states and <*f ihe confed
eracy. It was the crystallization of the elements
v.hi' i needed only the agitation of a supreme j
crisis to set in a foreordained and symmetrical
shape. Much of the work of tbeconvention was
mere adaptation and adjustment >f
methods under well recognized and familiar
principles.
INDEPENDENCE THE WORK OK LAWYERS.
It was the standing sneer of British statesmen
that so many of the leading col*mists were law
yers, each one thinking himself competent to
hold a brief against the crown and parliament
and ready to join issue on every new assertion
of their power, an t the colonists who were not
lawyers fancying themselves statesmen, crazed
with what Shewsburr, Pitt's Irish viceroy, de
scribed as the “mania for state-making."
These colonial .jurists and publicists had or
ganized revolution on the basis of constitutional
right: they had brought out of i h* chaos of revolt
the order of the confederation, the first crude
conception of the union of the states: they had
transformed the states of the confederation
from communities in rebellion against a sover
eign iuto sovereignties in their own right: tb“y
had waged a successful war and hail made au
honorable peace, and during all these years of
struggle and vicissitude they had been profound
students of the problems of liberty as secured
by law, and of law as the conservator *>f liberty.
INTENTION OF THE FOUNDERS.
What the founders intended and what theV
Accomplished was something wholly different
from the creation of a tribunal to coerce or
control rhe political action <i the sf.g s, or to
invade the exercise of their rights in the regula
tion of that vast department of internal gov
ernment, which, for want of a better name,
we call the ‘‘police power. They meant
to create, and they created, a court
which, by its supreme authority, acting upon
suitors who slum Id invoke its power, and
executing its decrees by duo process of
law, should be able to annul and make
Void any and every enactment by which
congress or any state legislature or constitu
tional convention should infringe upon the con
stitution and law's of the United States. They
meant also to provide a complete system for the
administration of justice between all suitors in
* uch relation of right or of citizenship as to make
their controversies properly cognizable by the
federal courts In providing for the independ
ence of the judiciary, thev kept it free from all
share in legislation, and fr >m all deoendence on
the legislature for any original power. They
Iniew that under the system of party govern
jnent which must needs prevail, parti
unship and politics would be the controlling
force in legislation, and they knew how easily
politics are associated with corruption. The
maxim of Walpole that “every man has his
price,I’had 1 ’had borne its baneful fruit in the En
glish parliament. The framers of the American
constitution, with a higher ideal of government,
and with a civic virtu** even worthier of praise
than the wisdom which won for them
the world’s applause, strove to give this
ideal form, and substance, and perpetuity.
Above all they sought, if possible, to commit to
Stainless hands the unstained sword of justice.
Selections from “Ai la*’ by the orchestra
followed the address of Mr. Butler.
HENRY HITCHCOCK'S ADDRESS.
JlSnry Hitchcock of St. Louis then delivered
an address upon the exercise of tin* powers of
the court since its organization. He began by
referring to the suit of the state >if Florida
against the state of Georgia. brought in the
supreme court to determin the boundary Imo
between them, of which Chief Just fee Taney
said: “A suit in a court of justice between such
parties, and upon such a question, is without
example in the jurisprudence of any other
country.” This impressive statement said the
speaker, illustrates, in part, the nature, the
novelty and the dignity of the unexampled
powers which that court has exercised during
the period of an hundred year*, whose
auspicious close we celebrate this day.
DISTRIBUTION OF POWER.
The supreme court exists by the express man
date of tne constitution. which distributes the
powers of government among three great de
partments. Referring to the precept, quoted
by Madison, that the accumulation of these
powers in the same hands is the very definition
of tyranny, the speaker said: “The splendid,
the unparalleled achievement of our forefachers
lay in tueir successful application of that pre
cept to the problems before them. For not
only did they distribute among three distinct
and independent departments the powers of
the national government. securing to
that government absolute supremacy
within its appropriate but limited
sphere, while also preserving to the several
itau-s the autonomy and internal powers
essential to their welfare; but they so framed
and established the national judiciary, the
weakest of those departments, bolding neither
purse nor sword, strong only in the reverence of
the people for the sanctions of law, as to make
tne courts, whil • strict y exercising their judi
cial functions in pursuance of established rules
and principles of law, at onoe the arbiters of
public and private right, and the bulwark of a
limited constitution against legislative encroach
ment.' ”
The vast reach of the powers of the court*
springs from the great political fact, that the
government of the union is one which in all its
departments operates directly upon individuals.
To the supreme c mrt, “the living voice of the
constitution,” belongs the ultimate develop
ment of the powers which that instrument
confers In fulfilling .ts great trust, that court
in whatever has concerned the national welfare,’
has stood for the conscience of the people of
tlie United States.
CHISHOLM VS. GEORGIA.
A spirited sketch was given of the great case
of Chisholm vs. Georgia, in which, in 1793, the
Supreme court, unmoved by th * geueral excite
ment and alarm.held that under the constitution
as adopted, a state, could be sued as a debtor in
that court. This to the adoption of the elev
enth amendment, fori adding suits to l*e brought
by individuals against a state. The vital
principle maintained in the Chisholm case was
the supremacy of the judicial power of the
United States within the limits of the constitu
tion, whatever the court should determine those
limits to be. The eleventh amendment nar
rowed those limits, but affirmed that principle.
The groat services of Chief Justice Marshall
•were described in glowing terms. Beacon lights
of the nation’s jurisprudence, illuminating with
prophetic radiance the dark waters of the dis
tort future, those luminous judgments have
Rhone out, and still shine for us afar, marking
out its course, warniug it of perils on cither
hand—the quicksands of legislative or execu
tive encroachment, and the dangerous opposing
raets of uncontrolled state sovereignty, white
with the breakers of anarchy and civil war.
THE FIGHT OVER SLAVERY.
Dwelling briefly upon the fierce political con
troversies concerning slavery, the Drod Scott
case was alluded to as a decision by the court
of questions incapable, under such circum
stances, of judicial settlement. At the dreadful
cost of four years of civil war, the supremacy
of the nation was forever vindicated.
By their own appeal to arms,
the advocates of secession and the
defenders of slavery had brought about the
destruction of both. Peace was res ored ami
people of the United States inscribed in
their fundamental law new guarantees of uni
versal liberty, of citizenship and of the equal
protection of the laws. New and grave prob
lenuK aro-e not yet all solved, and capable of
solution ouly by a people whose reverence for
law shall secure to every citizen the rights
deny r orce nor fraud can permanently
An impressive summary was given of the ex
ercise of the powers of the court since the civil
Wiir m expoundin - the constitution which estab
lished, a hundred years ago, “an indestructible
union of indestructible states.”
THE HEAD OF ALL TRIBUNALS.
Quotiog 1)0 Tocquoville'B declaration, fifty
year, ago, that the supreme court is placed at
tlio head of all known tribunals, botb by the
nature of its nphts and by liie cla-e of narti.-s
*btcb it controls, Mr. Hitchcock's address
closed as follows:
Reviewing, at the century’s close. the exer
cise of those powers, with what patriotic prki**
with what reverent thankfulness to th*- supremo
ruler of nations, may we not justly regard in
either aspect of its jurisdiction, this most
august of human tribunals: In the one we
contemplate the vast conflicting inte:-
of private and public concern, whose
adjustment has been demanded by tne
u/qx&raJjeied growth and development of a great
people, and the still graver controversies among
r-'wrefful s;at"s. such a, e!wwb*“re drain the
I fe-blood nd make desolate the homed of uv
II alike |)r,rafiil)v determined by the-*
judgments. prononnoea by illustrious men, the
r *e iris of whir i ~re m *re trlorious than the
hlaz nry of tot:ie Bags sur-e upon them are 1-1-
•crttad the bioodten victories of pesce, nobis
than all th- tr. :tnf>hs of war. in tre otaer. the
imagination picture, that iTaiim-sMve sp—tacie,
the unbroken procession tanni-’h uil
those years of the suitors who have ;
come before its bar; suitors. not !
>i.l-|.lmnts, of every e ass and ra.s* and rank,
th - citizen, the *■ *tui -s ali-n a.i-l t:>* reiire- ;
sentat ve • f the pr u lesi state, for whose equal I
protection that sufe i .e i arpn--. -to estatdish |
justice' is declared Sin n are the judicial
p. *wers i*i wh< se pur t and fuithful exercise is
reflected, so far ns n an may fuifiil tie- per:. .-:
• r.Unauc s.d Heaven, that and eternal
i.w wiios. l seat is the b s.rni of liod, whose
voice is tiie harmony of the world.
CHARACTER OF THE CHIEF JCSTICKS.
Mr. Hitchcock was followed by lion.
Thomas J. homines of Louisiana, w ho spoke
on “The I’crsouai Characters of the Chief
Justices.”
At the conclusion of this address .1 brief
intermission was tiken. after which there
was more mus;o > and t ien Hon. Ktiward J.
Hheips cf Vermont delivered a 1 >ng address
on “The Supreme Court and Sovereignty
of the People.”
1
justice Field responds.
Chief Justice Fuller then introduced
Justice Field, who responded on behalf of
the supremo c urt.
After Justice Field’s address there was
more music, and then Kev. Talbot W,
Chambers pronounced the benediction ami
ended the literary eiercises.
THE PINNER.
A dinnor in celebm ion of the supremo
court centennial was given to-night at the
Lexor hotel. Ine ban<(uet hall was o e
ma-s of flowers, and presented a beautiful
picture. A dozen largo tables were
arranged in various positions about
the ball, and each was decorated
with handsome Japanese vases tilled
with fragrant flowers. Covers were laid
for eighty-two, and nearly every seat was
occupied. The platform table was set for
t senty-six persons. It was presided over
by James (J. Carter, chairman of the enter
tainment committee. Among thos- at his
table were Chief Justice Fuller, Matthew
Hall, representing the New York State Har
Association, Associate Justice Miller of the
supreme court, Ex-Judge William H. Ar
mour of Now York, chairman of the gen
eral judiciary centennial committee
of one hundred; As-ociate Justices
Bradley, Harla ~ and iilatckford, of the
supreme court, Chnuueey M. Depew, Kev.
M illiam R. Huntington, William Allen
Butler, Associate Justice Field of the su
preme court, President Fred K. Condertof
the bar of,tho city of New York, Henry
Hitchcock of Missouri, Associate Justices
Dray, Lamar, and Brewer, United States
Senator Evarts, Chief Justico Paxson of
Pennsylvania, Mayor Grant, and
President Low of Columbia
College. Among the guests seated
at the other tables were the judges of the
court of apt>eals, and many New York city
judges, ex-Secretary Bayard, ex-Secretarv
Fairehild, Archdeacon Mwckay Smith,
Noah Davis, E. Ellery Anderson, John M.
Bowers. Prof. Theodore V\\ Dwight, Chan
cell'r McGill, Gen. Swayne, HOll. George
lioadley, Gov. Green of New Jersey,
Horace Russell, Dr. Sieve King, Rev.
D. McCarthur, Mgr. Preston, Gen.
W. T. Sherman, Josopn H. Choate, A. S.
Webb, Dr. Morgan Dix, Cyrus iV. Field,
Elliot F. Shepard, Waldo Hutchins, and
John Jay. The dinner was to have been
opened by prayer from Bishop Potter, but
he was unable to attend, and the offering
was made by Rev. Dr. Tavlor of New
York.
HAYTI’S REPRESENTATIVES.
Secretary Preston and Consul Des
lauer Resign by Request.
New York, Feb. 4. It leaked out to
day that Charles A. Preston, secretary of
the Haytiau legation, and M. Dsslauer. con
sul at this port, have resigned, their resig
nations hawing been asked for, and they
have returned to Port au Priuce. The two
Haytians sailed on the 15th of last month,
and for some reason tlio entire affair has
been kept very quior. Jiinenz Housted has
been appointed in place of M. Deslauer,
and M. Price secretary. Minister Pres
ton is still in Washington,abut it is
rumored that he will be removed in a few
days.
Chamberlain Croker Resigns.
New York, Feb. 4.—Mayor Grant to
day reeeivod the resignation of City Cham
berlain Richard J. Croker. He seeraod to
take it as a matter of course, but e very bod v
but him was considerably surprised. 111
health is said to be the cause.
An Augusta Man Drops Dead.
Augusta, Ga., Feb. 4.—Charles M. Peen,
a well-known citizen. 45 years old, book
keeper for E. R. Schneider, dropped dead
on the streets to-day in front of No. 3 en
gino house on Broad street.
THE LAND OF THE RI3ING SUN.
Something About Modern Persia and
the Reforms Introduced by the
Present Shah.
From the American.
There has recently appeared at Dresden
an interesting popular account of the Shah
and the modern Persians, by Camillo Mor
gan and Fritz Burger, Naisr-eddin (pre
server of the faith) Shah was born in 1830,
and ascended the throne in 1848. He did
not stand in the g.iod graces of his fat her,
who entirely neglected tne future ruler’s
education. Yet the shah has always been
the champion of reform and of progressive
ideas, ideas which have ut every point been
opposed by the priests and tne conserva
tives generally. It was in connection with
his reforms that tho shah undertook his
much talked of visits to Europe. lie
established diplomatic relations with all the
European courts and with tho United
States, introduced a regular system of coin
age, unknown before, and started a postal
ami telegraph service. In domestic matters
he retains the customs of his ancestors. His
harem consists of four legitimate wives and
about 100 concubines. He has great winter
and summer palaces, tho chief of the former
being situated at Teheran.
In Persia, as in Russia and Turkey, tho
sovereign exercises absolute authority. Ho
is assisted by six ministers who nave charge
respectively of foreign affairs, internal af
fairs, education, justice, public works, ami
finance. There is also u chief admirai, who
does not, however, rank with tiie ministers.
Persia is divided into twenty-three prov
inces, each with its own governor. In addi
tion to tho go vei nor each province has a
local secretary who resides iu the chief city
of the province. The mal-administration
iroai wmc i all oriental countries auil'or, is
chiefly due to the governors of provinces.
It was not at all an unusual thing m times
past for a governor to seize as his own prop
erty all the women and giris whoso ap
pearance pleased his fancy. For such acts
of the governors the central authorities are
usually held responsible, though they are
purely the acts of loc il officers over whom
the central governments exercise little rea!
control. This class of oiHcers has been
much improved by the practice now iu
vogue of selecting only riTmcos of the royal
blood. Since thou acts of oppres-ion have
almost entirely ceased, and popular upris
ings no longer take place.
The annual revenue of Persia is about
?75,000,0G0. The royal army consists of f>o,-
UO) men, who are divided into regular au 1
irregular troops. Everv male Persian is
liable to miliiary se -vica during his entire
lifetime. Asa matter of fact, however, lie
usually servos three, or at most, four years.
Since 1850 there lias been in existence 111
Teheran a military academy whose cur
riculum includes mathematics, physics and
mechanics, history, geography, tactics and
a study of French a,d English. A unique
arm of tho service is tho camel artillery.
The animals arc exceedingly well-trat.ied
and the artillery extremely effective. Thero
is a powder factory and arterial near
Teheran.
TIIE MORNING NEWS: WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 5, 1890.
THE SUPREME COURT.
i Interesting Gossip of the Past One
Hundred Years.
From the Philadelphia Inquirer.
Washington, Feb. I.— The Senate has
made such approaches ns its diemtv seemed
to warrant to persuade the supreme coart
i of the United States to movo from its com
fortabi- quarters in the Senate wing of the
; capitol to some temporary abiding place
taa* tiie Senate may have t 10 use of the
i rooms wnich it now occupies. But the
| supreme i-ourt does not seem to be open to
IP fusion, aid i seems altogether likely
that tne Senate .ill have to resort to some
other and -vie ■ t Ji and that extra space which
it is seeking. Senator Aldrich and Senator
Harris have talked with toe judges and
with the clerks, and there seems ts lie a
general desire 10 remain until congress
shall have pr >vided some pnnaueiit quar
| tors of a more imposing character for the
court.
The supreme court occupies its present
quarters by virtue of an act of c ingress,
and it would take the concurrent action of
both bouses of congress, with the approval
of the P.e iJont. as provided by the consti
tution, to remove it from tho capitoL It is
really out of place in tho capitol building,
and the present agitation of the question of
its presence there mav result in tue passage
of the bill which Senator Morrill has been
pressing upon congress for.ten years, e tat>-
lishing permanent and suitable quurtors for
tho court on ground directly east of the
capitol. This bill has already been reported
favorably to the Senate, aud it will doubt
less pass that body. No one can predict its
fate in the House. The bill provides for
the purchase by condemnation of the
block of ground, directly east of the c.ip
ito), opposite and corresponding to the
block <.n which tho new building for the
na'ioiial library is now being erected. It is
Mr. Morrill’s idea to liavo not only the
justices and officers of the supreme court
removed to this building, but to install
there the department of justice and tho
Attorney General as well. Even if this bill
should liecnme a law at the present session
of congress, it would lie at least five years
before the building could be completed, so
as to remove tiie court to it, and the objec
tion is rai-'ed by the judges that tho re
moval of the records of the court twice in
five years tv uld cause a great deal of con
fusion, aud probably delay the business of
the court.
THE OLD SENATE CHAMBER.
The quarters now occupied by the su
preme court were at first used by the Sen
ate, and it was on the removal of the Sen
ate to the now north wing of tho building
that the supreme court was given the use of
tho rooms in which it is now installed.
Prior to that time the court mot iu the
room now occupied by the law library,
which is directly beneath the supreme court
room and which corresponds to it" in size
and general appearauce. The first quarters
of the supremo court were in New York,
which was at tho time of the
organization of the court the
seat of nati nal government. The vel
low manuscripts in Clerk McKcnney’s office,
bound into a consecutive record of the min
utes of tho court, show that on tho first
Monday iu February, 1700, the court met in
New York, but as there was not a quorum
present, it adjourned until the day follow
ing. The gentlemen who are preparing the
history of the court, which is to be read at
tiio centennial celebration in New York
next week, were somewhat surprised whoa
Mr. Maher of tho clerk’s office produced a
capping from the Gazette of the United
States , published in New York under date
of Feb. 3, 1700, showing t.iat the first meet
ing of the court was not in the Federal
building in which George Washington was
inaugurated, but in the “Exchange." The
extract says:
“The supreme court of the United States
convened on Monday in tnis city; but a suf
ficient number of the judges not being
present to form a quorum, the same ws
adjourned till yesterday. The Hon. John
Jay, chief justice of the United States, tho
Hon. William Cushing, aud the Hon. James
Wilson, a-’sociato judges, appeared on the
bench. John McKesson, Esq., acted os
clerk. The court room at the exchange
was uncommonly crowded. The chief
justice and other judges of the supreme
court of this state, the federal judge
for the district of New York, the mayor
and recorder of Now York, the marshal of
the district of New York, the sheriff and
many other officers, and a great number of
the gentlemen of the bar attended on the
occasion. Yesterday the supreme court of
tho United States mot at the hall in the
exchange, a quorum of the judges, with the
Attorney General attending, their respect
ive commissions ware read, and the court
then adjourned till this aay at 1 o’clock.”
REMOVAL, TO PHILADELPHIA.
Under such glowing auspices did the su
preme court of the United [States prepare
itself to ba opened and fail through the
tardiness of one of its members. In the Ex
change hail tlio court continued to meet for
the first year of its existence. Iti February,
1701, it opened its sessions in the city hail,
Philadelphia, then the seat of national gov
ernment, and there it remained until Feb
ruary, 1801, when it was removed to the
capitol at Washington, where, with
with a brief intermission, it has re
mained since. At the first session hold in
the capitol the commission of John Marshall
was presented, and ho was inaugurated chief
justice of the cmrt. In those days the
lawyers who appeared before the court
were attired with what they considered
becoming dignity. They did not wear the
bag wig which distinguished the English
ban ister, but they would as soon have come
into the court in a linen duster as to have
varied the solemn suit of black, which
seemed to them befitting the dignity
of the court. The only mark of
official dignity which the " court now
bears is the array of black robes in which
the justices are clad. The first robe worn
by a justice of the supreme court was faced
with scarlet, as is evidenced by the picture
of John Jay now hanging ia tue robing
room of the court. There was no rule pre
scribing the style of a judge’s apparel.
There is no regulation now. Custom dic
tates the use of the simple rob) of black
silk. The Attorney General and the law
yers who appear before the court wear
what costumes satisfy their ideas of pro
priety, and there is a wide divergence of
opinion on this point.
THE CONSULTING ROOM.
Opposite tlie law library or old supreme
court room is the consulting room of the
justices of the court. Hero on each Satur
day tuey assemble to pass upon the cases
which have boon argued before them. The
chief justice sits at the heal of the long
table and at the foot of it sits the junior
judge—Mr. Urewer. This room was
formerly used as the office of the clerk of
the court. At that time the present su
pieme court chamber was the Senate
chain’ er; the room now used as the judges’
robing room was occupied bv the Vice
President of the Unit ’d States, and the
three rooms of the clerk of the supreme
court were occupied by tae secretary of the
Senate.
Next to the consulting room down stairs
are two large rooms which are filled with
the records of the court. Soino of those
are printed, and some of them are in manu
script. One of the objections to the present
removal of the c urt is founded on the
possibility of losing or misplacing some of
these valuable records. All of the decisions
ever rendered by the supreme court are
filed here and in the clerk’s office upstairs.
These opinions when tir.t handed down are
iu the handwriting of one of the justices of
the court. When the court, iu consulta
tion, has agreed on a decision, one of
the justices present is asked to put it in
writing, and the option thus prepared is
read to the court and goes into the record
a- the expression of the court. These opin
ions are now seat to the printer as fast as
they are received, and a printed copy is filed
away to tie bound in a volume with other
printed opinions at the end'of the year.
The original manuscript is then handed
back to the justice who wrote it. So no , t
the most important decisions are preserved
in tho original m inuscript, but not for pur
poses of reference. They are kept as
J lii-to'i -ai curiosities. Some years ago
an eff irt was made to collect for his
t rieal purposes manuscript opinions of
jah the justices of the court iron its incep
i tUn, but no manuscript of Chief Justice
: M arshall could be found, and the collection
;is therefore incomplete. In the early days
i of the court ihe court reporter to nc the man
uscript of the opinion and it was not placed
on record until the reporter's notes were
puhhsheti. This practice was in v. gueuntil
1834, when the court established another
system. From that time until ISS‘J the de
cisions as rendered were copied into huge
books, which are still preserved as a part
of tho archives of the court.
A JURY IN THE SUPREME C C jfrT.
1 learned two thing, m going through
the records of the supreme court with Mr.
Maber ins: week, either of which may be
quite familiar to lawyers, but both of
which were entirely strange to me, a lay
man. I never knew before that time that
a jury conM tie called in tne supreme court
r f the Unite 1 Htatos. Not only can u jury
he called, but juries have been called there,
and nine judges aDd twelve “good men and
true” as well have passed upon questions of
fact. The supreme court of the United
Stares has exclusive jurisdiction of a cer
tain class of cases, such as suits against the
representati yes of foreign governments
accredited to tho Unit cl States, nnd
suits of this kind can lie tried by jury
if tho defendant demands that a jury be
called. Within the 1 ist ten years a case ot
this kind has come to the supremo court. It
was the suit of a New Orleans national bank
receiver against the consul general of It(>ly
at Philadelphia. While representing his
country at New Orleans he had become tho
owner of some stock in the bank, and when
it failed he, with other stockholders, was as
sessed double tho face value of his stock. He
refused to pay, and suit was brought against
him in tho supreme court. His attorney
waived his right to call a jury, and so no
jury was summoned. It is many years
-mce a jury was called by the marshal of
the United States supreme court.
THE TIME OF ADJOURNMENT.
An oddity which I noticed in the early
roc irds of ihe court is tho fact that since
its creation to the the present time the court
at the end of each term has adjourned, not
to a tiuio stated, but "to the tirue and place
by law appointed.” Thus, if congress should
c ioose to change the seat of national gov
ernment during the re .’ess of the court, it
would still be ready to meet at such place
and time as congress should direct.
HE WORKUP HARD.
And He Finally Rode In a Private
Car.
From the Philadelphia Press.
Twenty years ago a poor young man was
walking the streets of Philadelphia looking
for work. Ilis clothes wore shabby, his
hands were blue with the cold, and his
gaunt face showed that square meals were
not initiinate friends of his. One morning
he awoke and thought over the years of toil
and picayune recompense that had been
his, and he resolved tiion aud there to make
a break for the coast. Ho did so, and finally
reached the Pacific coast, where he now re
sides. He found that work out thero was
if anything harder than that in the east,
but wages aud opportunities were far
greater. He came to Philadelphia last week
for the first time in quarter of a century,
but instead of coming iu o:i foot, as he had
left tho city, he rushei along in a Pullman
car. He is J. B. Woods worth, and last
night ho stood in tue Lafayette corridor,
talking with Col. Baker < f changes that
have occurred silica no went west.
“1 found work,” said Mr. Woodsworth,
“iu carrying a hod, ia ’Frisco, and, 1 tell
you, I worked hard, too. One night 1 was
sitting on a barrel near the buildings on
which 1 was working, when an old gentle
man came along on foot. Ho turned the
corner, and iaside of two minutes I heard a
friable cry for help. I grabbed a hod handle
that happened to bo near on the ground,
and, darting around the corner, saw the old
man struggling with two whyos. I yelled
as if ten men were at my back, ‘Como on,
lioys! We’ll lay ’em out!’ And of course
they dropped tho old man and ran for their
lives. The gentleman wasn’t hurt much,
but hail lost his watch and a shirt stud. He
gave me his card and told me to call on him
the next day. Of course i did so, and we
talked about my former life, and I toid him
how l wanted t > succeed, and was bound to
be at tho top of the heap somo dav.
“1 was young then,” continued Mr.
Woodsworth, with a quiet smile, “but my
boyish talk seemed to tickle the old chap.
He lent mo some money, gave me lots of
good advice, and this card,” he added, tak
ing from a wallet a yellow piece of paste
board. “And I tell yon, sir, that card did
me more good than anything else. , The old
man afterward gave ine a good place, and
from there I got on rapidly. But lots and
lots of times, when I was discouraged and
homesick, I just pulled out this card and
read on it.”
Mr. Woodsworth handed the card to Col.
Baker, who read it:
“Columbus was the son of a weaver, and
a weaver himself. Cervantes was a com
mon soldier. Homer was the son of a small
farmer. Demosthenes was the son of a
cutler. Olivet Cromwell was the son of a
London brewer. Franklin was a journeyman
printer, the son of a tallow chandler and
soap boiler. Daniel Defoe was a hostler.
Cardinal Wolsey was the son of a butcher.
Virgil’s father was a porter. Shakespeare
was tlie son of a wool stapler. Milton was
the son of a money scrivener. Mohammed
was a driver of asses. Nano lean, a descend
ant of an obscure family of Corsica, was a
major when he married Josephine,
daughter of a tobacconist Creole in Mar
tinique. John Jacob Astor ouce sold apples
in the streets of Now York. Catherine,
Empress of Russia, was a camp grisette.
Madame Baruadotte was a washerwoman
in Baris. Horace was a son of a shop
keeper. Col. Biker handed the card back
to Mr. Woodsworth, who placed it in his
wallet, and patting it said: “That card
is responsible for what success I have
gained.”
BILL NYE AND THE BIG FAIR.
Asa Cosmopolitan and a Lecturer He
Favors All Cities.
From the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Before Bill Nyo left the city yesterday
morning lie was asked by a mirrotile if he
knew anything new. Ho answered: “I
am always overjoyed to get back to Cleve
land if the box office receipts are satisfac
tory. As to news, there is none—the grip,
McUinty, congress and the world’s fair are
moving along iu the same old ruts. Speak
ing about tho world’s lair reminds mo that
1 have flopped from my elaborate opinion
on whore it ought to ho held. I see argu
ments teat any city in tho country may
pr.s nit to show that it ought to bo held
there aud no other place. Whatever city I
chance to lie in 1 favor as the proper place
for holding the world’s fair. To-day f am
for Cleveland. Hero is whore the world’s
fair ough to lie. Look at what Perry did
on Lake Erie. Think of those spirited
words, ’We have met the enemy and they
are ours!’ \Vhit—that’s ltiley for short—
has been hard at work on an idyl or an epic
for six weeks. Ho has gone dawn tn the
lake to tike a swim, or inhale some inspi
ration to contiuue his labors, I don’t know
which. 1 wish he were here. Wo would
recite for you 1u concert a touching poem
which we wrote jointly, entitled, ‘The
World’s Fair.’ In that poem we have tried
to treat all cities alike, and argue as
strongly and unanswerably for one as the
other.
“It is a great poem and cannot helD
becoming popular because it is so fair to ail
the cuies ot the country.”
Penelope—They tell me you are an ex
cellent swimmer, Mr. Rocka.vay.
Tom—Do they?
I’enelope—lndeed they do. Now tell me
what you would do if you were on a yacht
wi it -ix young ladies and it should capsize.
Could you save them all?
'lom—l wouldn’t try. I’d grab the rich
est and save her .—Munsey's Weekly,
SIGHT IS PRICELESS !
Drs. Bernhardt <£ Matthez,
SCIENTIFIC OPTICIANS
OF CHICAGO. ILLINOIS. FORMERLY 125
STATE STREET.
Now at the De Soto, Room
34, Office Floor. '
Are thoroughly prepared to fit all
cases of mechanically defective vision with
perfect glasses upon scientific princinles.
They come recommended "in the
highest terms of praise by numerous certifi
cates from the most eminent physicians, oc
ulists, divines and prominent men of the
country.
Valuable letters were given by the gentlemen
whose names follow, when in office, the origi
nals of all of which Drs. Bernhardt & Matthez
have in their possession, in addition to other
high ecomiums from the most eminent men in
the United States.
„ „ A. G. Curtin.
Ex-Governor of Pennsylvania.
J. F. Hartranpt,
Ex-Governor of Pennsylvania.
Horatio Seymour,
Ex-Governor of New York.
R. E. Fenton,
Ex-Governor of New York.
ft' R. B. Hayes, Governor of Ohio,
Ex-President of the United States.
T. A. Hendricks.
Ex A ice President of the United States,
Governor of Indiana.
O. P. Morton,
Ex-Governor ot Indiana.
Richard Yates,
Ex-Governor of Illinois.
Simon Hirshb<ch,
Ex-Secretary of State.
Jesse K. Dubois,
Ex-Auditor of State.
William E. Smith,
Ex-Governor of Wisconsin.
Henry A. Swift,
Ex-Governor of Minnesota.
Alex Ramsey,
Ex-Governor of Minnesota.
Jonathan Worth,
Ex-Governor of North Carolina.
James L. Orr,
Ex-Governor of South Carolina.
John Gill Shorter,
Ex-Governor of Alabama.
R. M. Patton,
Ex-Governor of Alabama.
.. * Joseph E. Brown.
Ex-Governor of Georgia.
A CLERGYMAN’S LOVE LETTER.
He Wrote it to Another Man’s Wife
and Got Into Trouble.
From the Xew York Sun.
Richmond, Feb. 1. —During this week
there has been much excitement here over
the fact that the Rev. J. R. Sturgis, the
popular pastor of Trinity Methodist church,
had written a letter to the wife of a mem
ber of his congregation. The lottor was
given by the wife to her husband, and he
complained, whereupon the presiding elder
suspended Mr. Sturgis. At a reopening of
the case the committee decided that, owing
to sickness, Mr. Sturgis was not responsible
for the utterances made in the letter. They
therefore restored him to the ministry.
This evening the husband of the lady, feel
ing aggrieved at the action of the commit
tee, made the letter Mr. Sturgis had written
to his wife public. It is as follows:
“I hope you will forgive this and destroy
it after reading. 1 know you would forgive
it if you could know how sad I have been
made, how keenly I have suffered within
the past few weeks. Ido not know what
has caused the change in you. I blush with
shame to know that I have felt it so deeply,
that against what I know to be right I care
so much for you, so much more than I have
the right to care.
"Why, from the first time your eyes met
mine, 1 should have felt their attractive
power I cannot understand. My saddest
thought is I have not acted so as to lead you
to Christ. Had I left here the fact of leav
ing you out of the church would have been
the most bitter thought next to leaving you.
In ail my life I never had an experience'iike
this. When I feared you were sick and
called you did not ask me to remain longer
nor to come again, and you seemed anxious
to hurry t e opening of the door and exit
therefrom. I could net sleep that night. I
have felt just before and since that day I
am annoying you. Forgive me if I have.
Forgive me for a love that has grown upon
me and horrifies me when I allow myself to
think of it as I ought.
“Pray for mo that I may overcome it,
and believe me when I promise to try to
avoid giving you annoya:.ce. I have re
frained from going where we met this
morning at your time of going, for fear of
annoying you in that way; but I could not
help going this morning in the hope of see
ing you. Again I pray you to forgive this
and destroy this at once. I know lam
wrong, but I have suffered so much.’’
The husband also publishes with the letter
the following certificate from Mr. Sturgis:
“1 certify that in my letter to Mrs.
when I used the words, ‘I have refrained
from going where wo met this morning at
your time of going, for fear of annoying
you in that way,’ my explicit and only
meaning as to the place of meeting w as her
husband’s store.” Mr. Sturgis is reported
to be very much debilitated from' over
study and nervous exhaustiou.
The Seventh Son.
From the St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
In France a seventh son in direct succes
sion is called a tnarcou. In Orleans, during
the present century, the following was
written concerning tne marcou: “If a man
is the seventh son of his lather without any
female intervening lie is a marcou. He
has on some parts <-f his body the mark of a
lieur de-lis, and, like the Kings of France,
he has the power of curing the king’s evil!
All that is necessary to effect a cure is that
the marcou should breathe upon the part
affected, or that th • sufferer shnu and touch
the marie of the fleur-de-lis. Of all the
marcjus of the Orleanunis ho of Ormes is
best known and most celebrated. Every
year, from twenty, thirty and forty leagues
around, crowds of patients come * to visit
him; but it is particularly in holy week
that his power is most efficacious, and on
the night of Good Friday, fnom midnight
until sunrise, the cure is certain.”
Johnny—Pa, what do they riug church bells
for. anyhow?
Pa—To make people believe there's a fire in
the other world, my son .—Epoch.
__ FUNERAL invitations.
KLLEV The friends and acquaintance of
Mrs Relay and Mrs. Turner are r.-spectfully in
yited to at’end the fu *-rai of Rithard Kklf.v
f.om his residence 237 Charlton street, TO-
I>A i at 10 o clock a. if.
HEARN.—The friends and acou&irtance of
Mr. and Mrs. W illiam Hearn, aiv respectfully
invited to attend the funeral of the former at
“*\ a £rH? ,dence ftav and "ost Broad streets
H EDNESDAY AFTERNOON at 3 o'clock.
CiiarlestoD. Waterford, Ireland. and New
i ork papers please copy.
friends arid acquaintance
of Ir ; and Mrs. Robert RcAßDoxaie rennect
fully invited to attend the funeral of the latter
K Broughton street,
TH IS AFThRNOON it 3:3.) o’ciacK.
1 Philadelphia papers please
MEETINGS.
GEORGIA CHAPTER M 5. H. \. >i.
A regular convocation of this
Chapter will b held THIS * Wednesday > -A
EVENING, Feb. 5. at 8 o'clock. /
Installation of officers.
Transient companions are cordially invited.
By order of
t> tt iv- thos. ballantyxe, H. P.
P 11. Ward, Recorder.
GOLDES Hi LR LODGE NO. 12, |. o. O. F.
.There will be a meeting THIS (Wednesday)
EVENING at 8 o'clock city time, at new hall,
s -cond story of Trinity Church Lecture Room
entrance corner Jeffer ,on and President st reets.
.up* in tiers of sister lodges and transient br jth
ers cordially invited to meet with us.
wK c „ l>- F McCOY, N. G.
_W . B. Shuptri ne, Secretary.
SAVANNAH JIM UK NO. I I. (*. H >I.
The council fire of this trib3 will be kindled
THIS (Wednesday) EVENING at 8 o'clock, at
wigwam, K. of P. hal!.
Prompt attendance requested. Bv order of
WAKING RUSSELL, Jr., Sachem.
A N . Manucy. C. of R.
THE EQUITABLE LOAN UNO BUILDING
ASSOCIATION.
The forty-first (fist) regular monthly
meeting of this association will be held at the
offlcaofthe Secretary. IIS Bryan street, THIS
(Wednesday) EVENING, at 8 o’clock.
T r T ANARUS„ J. S. COLLINS, President.
J- L. Whatley. Secretary.
STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETING.
Southwestern Railroad Company, I
Office, Macon. Jan. 13tn, 1890. f
The annual meeting of the stockholders of
this company, will be held in the company's
office, Third street, over the Central Georgia
Bank, in this city, at 11 o'clock a. m., on
THURSDAY, Feb. 13th, 1890. for the election of
a President and seven directors for the en
suing year.
stockholders will be passed free over this
road on presentation to the conductor their
Stock Scrip, coming to the meeting on the 11th,
I'th, and 13th, and returning from the meeting
on the 13th, 11th, and 15th of FEBRUARY, 1890.
w. S. BRANTLY, Sec. and Treas.
sFec IA L NOTlCfiil
On and after Feb. 1, 1890, the basis of meas
urement of alt advertising m the Morning
News will be agate, or at the rate of jl 40 an
inch for the first insertion.
lots at south saVavvah? '
SSO EACH,
82 CASH AND 83 A MONTH
UNTIL PAID FOR.
NO INTEREST. NO ATTORNEY'S FEES.
ROWLAND & MYERS,
SPECIAL NOTICE.
The HEBREW CHARITY BALL to be given
THIS (WEDNESDAY) EVENING, will be held
at the GEORGIA HUSSARS’BAZAR BUILD
ING, corner Whitaker and South Broad streets,
instead of Masonic Hall, as stated.
M. S. ),\ CK, Secretary.
AT MASONIC TEMPLE.
Sherwood’s Dancing Academy. The second
and last quarter of the season now organizing.
Misses' and Masters’ class ev ry TUESDAY
THURSDAY and SATURDAY AFTERNOON
at 3:30 o’clock. Ladies' and Gentlemen's class
every MONDAY and FRIDAY EVENING at 8
o'clock. For terms, etc., call at the hall durui'-
class hours or send for circular. Address
J. B. SHERWOOD. City.
BUST PEAS AND BEANS.
Just arrived and still coming in, large quanti
ties Buist Premium Peas, Philadelphia Extra
Early, Black Eye. Marrowfat and all other
varieties at lowest market price. Call and see
me. Yours, E. J. KIEFFER,
Corner West Broad and Stewart Street!
REMEMBER,
That the Lots offered by
THE SOUTHERN LAND COMPANY,
—AT—
SOUTH SAVANNAH,
Are HIGH and DRY. all cleared up and ready
to build on.
ROWLAND & MYERS,
25c. POUND.
Remaining days this week.
WHITMAN’S CHOCOLATE CREAMS.
BUTTERCUPS 35c.
Try them while fresh and low-priced at
H E I D T ’ S.
FLOWERS.
ANOTHER NEW SHIPMENT
Will b3 opened THIS MORNING and closed
out rapidly.
C. H. DORSETT, < 12 Congress.
@5 REWARD
Will be paid to any one who will give me the
name of t!ib vor boys who strung a wire
across the pavement at the corner ot Gaston and
Howard streets on Monday evening, from which
my daughter had a fall and was severely in
jured- ’ M. J. SOLOMONS.
SILVER MEDAL
And diploma awarded over all competitors, and
indorsed by our leading physiciaos.
Durio a \ isit to Savannah I had occasion to
use Dr Ulmer’s Liver Corrector, and found it
to be all that is claimed for it, and I most heart
ily recommend it. N. E. Hulbert
With Tarrant & Cos., Now York city.
As for ULMER’S LIVER CORRECTOR, and
take no other. Prepared by
B. F. ULMER, M. D. Pharmacist,
Savannah, Ga.
Price $1 per bottle. If you cannot obtain the
Corrector from your druggist, send your
order direct an 1 ;t will be forwarded by ex*
press, freight paid.
TRUE MERIT.
THE CELEBRATED BOWDEN LYTHIA
WATER
Is nowon draught and in bottles. Price in
quantity same as at springs. This newly-discov
ered Georgia Mineral Water is unquestionably
richer in mineral salts than any spring extant.
Send for circulars giving analysis, only at
BUTLER’S PHARMACY,
Corner Bull and Congress Streets.
MONEY TO LOAN.
Libra! loans made on Diamonds, Gold and
Stiver Watches, Jewelry, Clocks. Silverware,
Guns, Pistols, Clothing, Tools, and on almost
anything of value, at the old reliable Pawn
broker House, 17U Congress street.
E. MUIILBERG, Manager.
Highest prices paid for old Qold and Silver.
AMUSEMENTS.
SAVANNAH TH SATER.
Week Commencing February ID-Matinees
Wi-dnesiav. Friday and *aiurday at 2.30
RETURN OF THE FAVORITES :
PROP. D. M. BRISTOL'S
30—Perfectly Educated—3o
HORSES. PONIES & MJLES
\ LL the 01.1 Far .rite i retain J and many
a A .ew ones added since our last ,i t -'iir
VER.” the famous Mule Cornelian and entV.
c mpanv in the Merry Come i vo f "THF Hnße
SCHOOL" Horse Swiss B'd! Kn
Muhematicians, Horaa Tight-Ropo WauSV?
: , c - * Prices—27>c.. 50c. an l 55c. Matin
50c.: childrea under 12,25 c. \ nonv .mb f
the little on-s at matinees. Seas, on t,i, f J
-
The Mistletoe Bough
IN CONJUNCTION WITH AN
apron bazar,
WILL BE PRESENTED ON
Tuesday, Feb. 18th,
-AT
MASONIC temple,
Under the Auspices of the MISSION tpv
SOCIETY OF LUTHERAN CHURCH *
ADMISSION, - S5 CENTS.
Doors open at 7:30 p. m. Performance com.
mences at 8 p. m.
SPECIAL NOTICES.
I
1 PILSEN BEER I
THE SAVANNAH BREWING COMPANY
Beg to Inform the public that on and after
MONDAY, 20th inst.,
ALL LEADING GROCERS AND DEALERS
Of this city will attend to and promptly fill all
orders for family use of the Savannah Brewin'
Company's
EXTRA PILSEN BEER,
MUNCHENER HOFBRAU BEER.
A pure and unadulterated brand of choicest
Bavarian Hops of our own importation.
THE SAVANNAH BREWING COMPANY
Will discontinue the direct delivery from that
date.
THE TITLE GUARANTEE AND LOAN
COMPANY OF SAVANNAH,
135 Congress Street,
i; LOANS MONEY
For fixed periods, or on the monthly install
ment plan.
BUILDS HOUSES
Of any desired style and receives payment for
same on the rental plan.
THE DIME SAVINGS DEPARTMENT
Receives deposits of on© dime and upward an 1
allows interest thereon, payable or compounded
quarterly. Call at the oifice and set a pros
pectus
GEORGE 11. STONE, President.
E. L. HACKETT. Treasurer.
ISAAC BECKETT, Secretary and Solicitor.
R. R. RICHARDS, Advisory Counsel.
HANLEY’S t ? t t
BUILDERS’ SUPPLY DEPOT.
PAINTS AND OILS,
MILL SUPPLIES.
DOORS, —II- BUILDERS’
SASHES. —A— HARDWARE,
BLINDS, —N— PAINTS
PORTLAND —L— • A yo
CEMENT. -E- oris;
-Y-
Will shortly occupy the mammoth building
erected over the ruins of the April conflagratu n.
OUT OF TOWN orders filled just as promptly
as city ones. Get our catalogue and price list.
A. HANLEY,
BUILDERB’ SUPPLY DEPOT,
(temporarily)
Corner Bay and Whitaker Streets.
NOTICE.
The firm of GARNETT, STUBBS & CO. is
lHlb DAY dissolved by limitation and mutual
consent of ail parties. THOMAS F. STUBBS
and WILLIAM S. TTSON assume all the liabili
ttes ana take ail of the assets of the firm.
Savannah, Ga., Feb. 1, 181)0.
JNO. K. GARNETT,
THOS. F. STUBBS,
WM. S. TISON.
The undersigned have THIS DAY formed a
partnership und *r the Arm name of STUB JS A
TISON for the purpose of carrying on the
cotton factorage and general commission
business.
Savannah, Ga., Feb. 1, 1830.
THOS. F. STUBBS,
WM. S. TIKiN.
GUARANTEED TO CURE
OONOaSHEA ltd CLT.ET yf&i’wS
Vjy OR MONEY REFUNDED. 1%
I BjSB AMD jj| ESfi
N. T. PIKE, Solo Af?ent,
Corner Jefferson and South Broad streets
Savannah. Ga.
PRINTER AND BOOKBINDER.
BUSINESS IS OPENING,
And Business Men are needing
their supplies of Office Station
ery. Orders for Blank Book?
and Printed Blanks of ail kinds
will have prompt and careful at
tention if left with the Old and
Reliable Printer and Binder,
93 Bay. GEO. N. NICHOLS.
IF YOU WANT
If you want a DAY BOOK MADE.
If you want a JOURNAL MADE,
it you want a CASH BOOK MADE,
If vou waat a LEDGER MADE,
if you want a RECORD MADE,
if you want a CHECK BOOK MADS.
If you want LETTER HEADS. ,
If you want NOTE HEADS,
if you want BILL HEADS.
If you want BUSINESS CARDS.
—SEND YOUR ORDERS TO
Morning News Mcim Priming Home.
Morning News Building.
3 Whitaker Street.
