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I THE MORNING NEWS. i
3 ESTABLISHED 1850. INCORPORATED 1888. J-
I J.IL ESTlLL,President. j
bucket shop business.
buttsrworth-3 rap at the
evil meets with opposition.
Delegations From the New York Pro
duce and Cotton Exchangee, Chicago
Board of Trade and New Orleans
Cotton Exchange Before the House
Committee.
Washington, April 11.—An interesting
hearing was had this morning by the House
committee on agriculture upon Mr. Butter
worth’s bill to prevoat dealing in options
and futures. Delegations ware present
from the New York produce and cotton
ex.'hanges. the Chicago board of trade, and
New Orleans cotton exchange, all to protest
against the passage of the bill, which has
already bean recommended by the com
mittee.
Murray NelsoD, one of the commissioners
of Cook county, was the first speaker, rep
resenting the Chicago Board of Trade. Mr.
Nelson said that the Chicago Board of
Trade and all the exchanges in the couutry
were in sympathy with the objocts of the
bill s.s expressed in the first section: To
abolish trading in privileges (“puts and
calls") and bucket shop dealings.
WOULD CREATE A MONOPOLY.
But to enforce the provisions against
trades made for future delivery of goods
wouid bo to force out of the business small
dealers and concentrate trade in the hands
of large capitalists who could afford and
were able to purchase crops and hold them
for a ris?. These small dealers act largely
as agents for the farmer and buyer both.
To stop sales for future delivery, Mr. Nelson
said, would be to interrupt and disarrange
the entire financial sytem of the country.
The bankers of the country move its crops
and depend upon transactions of small
dealers iu the country towns for the basis
of their transactions. He proposed to ex
plain in detail the operatiou by which grain
reached the market from the producer
iu which operation the farmer, local agent,
broker in the money centers and banker
were all engaged. Mr. Nelson repeated
that the result of the bill would be to crush
out small dealers and place the farmer at
the mercy of the large capitalist who can
buy cash graiu, but they will buy at such a
price that they can hold It until Gabriel
blows his horn without sustaining a loss.
LOCAL BANKS POWERLESS.
1 n answer to a question by Mr. Alien of
Michigan Mr. Nelson said that the local
banks could not supply and could not get
sufficient money to move the crops of the
country, nor could the local dealer or
agent It must be supplied from the money
centers,
Referring to the taxing sections, Mr.
Nelson asked whv.if the committee believed
(ha business to be honest, a license was re
quired? ,
Certainly not for the revenue to bo de
rived. If the business was to be made a
penal offense why not say so in the first
instance and declare it unlawful in so many
words?
George C. Martin of the Ne v York pro
duce exchange was the next speaker. He
followed upon the saino lines as Mr. Nelson
and further elaborated his argument.
BANKERS PROTEST.
J. O. Bloss of the New York cotton ex
change react an argument against the pas
sage of the bill prepared by the committee
of that exchange, prefacing it with a pro
test against the bill signed by the leading
bankers of New York, in which they state
that the passage of the bill would do great
damage to legitimate trade, and that banks
find their risks of advances under the pres
ent system less than under the old. The
argument of the committee stated that no
exchange or board of trade recognized
options except to prohibit dealing in tnem.
Futures were a term much misunderstood.
They were not simply a “bet” upon the
price of an article at a future time. They
"•ere actual, legitimate contracts for goods
that could be enforced, and that were en
forced. That there was an element of
speculation in them was not denied, just as
tLere is speculation in every business.
A CHOICE BETWEEN GOOD AND BAD.
“Hut the question arises whether because
there is some evil,” continues the argument,
“a great deal of good should be utterly
destroyed. The two things are so welded
'ogether that one cannot be destroyed with
out destroying the other. Having, there
fore, conceded that speculation does exist,
and at the same time a-serting that legiti
mate features of business also exi3t t > an
enormous extent, the questions come to bo
whether the evil is so great that the good
shall he sacrificed, or whether the good
so far prepondera'es that the evil
hall bo borne’ with. The evident object of
the bill is to benefit the farmer, says the
argument, on the theory that trading in
tuture contracts tends to reduce the price
of his products. Y/hat the causes are that
operate to make prices it would be certainly
a brave man that would undertake to abso
lutely define. The post, however, may
afford an interesting basis for arriving at a
conclusion.
FLUCTUATIONS IN COTTON.
“Between the years 1826 and 1860 the
widest fluctuation in the price of middling
cotton in New York was 10 cents a pound
in any one year, the narrowest 1 cent, and
the average annual fluctuation 5 cents. In
the peri and from 1874 to 1890 the widest
fluctuation in any one year was 4)£ cents
per pound, the narrowest three-quarters of
a cent, and the average 2*<j cents. The
period from 1874 to 1890 covers the time
that trading in future contracts has beau iu
vogue. If these statistic! show anything,
says the argument, “they show that the
effect of trading for future delivery has
been to give tho markets of the world
a loss violent character, have reduced the
fi'ks of merchants and bankers, and at the
same time have secured to planters of cot
ton a higher range of values than was the
case bofore the existence of the method of
trading for future delivery. As an illustra
"P n °f this statement it may be mentioned
that in the first period referred to in four
3“ars the price of middling in New York
declined t > 5 cents per pound, and in two
ether years it sold as low as 6 cents per
pound.
SHOWING OF THE SECOND PERIOD,
the second period mentioned during
wtueh the system of contracts for future
ueuvery has beau in operation, the lowost
once touched for middling cotton in New
was 813-16 cants, and that was a
it U a ir caused by the failure of the
ank of Glasgow. In conclusion, it is the
[union of the committee offering this nrgu
lent, that no legislature has yet been able
u regulate the valuos of anything, aud as a
illustration of this fact may be
law which p issed by congress to
ft kjbit public trading in gold. The
nn f” r that, legislation, had for the pur-
I’ ®, or r educing the premium on gold, was
.... advance the price from S2 20 to *2 85.
of law resulted in an imme
ir started ”" e ° f th ® P rioototl| at from which
whn r ',^l C . >SB ,' Vas Allowed by I. W. Labouisse,
haA'ft I J - Hazard of
1 irhta. iJrnth Y. represented the Ne.v
l„.Exchange. He stited that
liionti ~, , a d orsed Mr. Bloss’ stato
t>,, !! continued the argument
iat* l* I .® astern of contract for
i Jture dauvery hod greatly reduced the
4
, *
§fl[ )t JUofning ffotoei.
fluctuations in the price of cotton. In proof
of this he referred to the conditions sur
rounding the cotton crop of 1889. That was
the largest one ever raised iu the United
S;ates— 7o,soo,ooo bales—yet the fluctuation
in prices amounted to only \\ cents per
pound, and 05 per cent, of tha crop haslbeen
already moved. The lowest price touched
—9Vj' cants—was in October, and Mr.
Labouis-e expressed the opinion that had it
not been for the system of contracts for
future delivery the planters would have
been compelled to take a cent less at that
time.
WOULD CLOSE THE EXCHANGES.
Upon tha question of speculation Mr.
Labouisse said that if the future contract
system were wiped out, the exchanges of
New York and Now Orleans would cease to
exist. There are but five exchanges in the
world where cotton futures are dealt in
—New York, Liverpool, New Orleans,
Bremen and Havre. To close out
New York and New Orleans
would Ire to transfer the business
to Europe and build up exchanges there.
Tbo business will go tin, he said. Cotton
will be raised and sold, and if our merchants
and dealers are not allowed to buv and sell
it dealers in Europe will do so'. In the
course of bis remarks Mr. Labouisse asserted
that owing to tho peculiar conditions and
necessities of the cotton trade the producer
could not sell directly to the consumer even
if he wanted to, because hegannot tell what
grade his cotton will be when gathered.
AN ILLUSTRATION.
He illustrated the modus operandi of
trading by a case in his own experience,
where he had sold to the agent of a Havre
broker for a French cotton mill a large
number of bales of cotton.
“Was the cotton in existence at the time
when the trade was made?” asked Chair
man Funston.
“It was not.”
“That is exactly tho kind of transaction
we are reaching after,” responded the
chairman.
The proceedings of the committee were in
terrupted by a yea and uay vote in the
House.
As the members left the room they
were engaged in an animated dis
cussion with tho visiting delegation
upon the merits of the recent failure
of Moses Er'Mey, a St. Louis broker who
laid down under a too heavy load of wheat.
The committeemen were arguing that that
failure was a justification of the bill, and
the visitors endeavored to show that it was
a mere incident to the trade, and was not
an illustration of the general methods or
experience of dealers.
Chairman Funston said that no more
hearings will be had.
WISE’3 FIGHT FOR A SEAT.
The Virginia Contest Under Debate in
the House.
Washington, April IL—ln the House
this morning Mr. Lacey of lowa called
up the contested election case of Waddill
vs. Wise from the Tnird district of Vir
ginia. Mr. Enloe of Tennessee raised the
question of consideration.
The House decided by a vote of 134
yeas to 113 nays to consider the election
cases, and Mr. Lacey took the fl >or with an
argument in favor of the claims of the con
testant.
Mr. O’Ferrall of Virginia supported the
resolution of the minority of the committee
on elections, which decl ires the seat vacant.
After reviewing the case iu detail, ho en
tered into a discussion of the race question,
asserting the superiority of tha Ciucasian
race, and criticising the republicans of the
north for having done no political favors
to colored men.
This was douied by Mr. Morse of Massa
chusetts, who said that colored men had
frequently sat in the Massachusetts legisla
ture, and that the last valedictorian of
Harvard college had been a negro.
DESERTION CHARGED.
Mr. Greenhalge of Massachusetts criti
cised the minority report of tho committee
for having ab imio led tha sitting member,
after assarting in their report that neither
ho nor his frieuds bad done anything wrong.
If the ground taken in the report was cor
rect, this betrayal of a brother was the
most shameful case of desertion that had
ever darkened the anaals of tho House. He
then proceeded to argue in favor of tne
contestant.
Mr. Crisp of Georgia give an able pre
sentation of the case of the sitting member
as viewed from a legal standpoint.
E. B. Taylor of Ouio said that the negro
might be an inferior race now, but wait a
thousand years and see God’s purpose un
folded. But if they were intellectually in
ferior they were not inferior in their legal
rights. As for the condition of affairs at
the south,he asked the House and.tho Ameri
can people if it could always be so and the
country exist.
A STRONG LAW THREATENED.
He was loth to have a strong national
law that would go into the states, aud still
hoped that there was a power in this coun
try that would bring about reform peace
ably and orderly. He spoko in kindness and
in the hope that his words would find lodg
ment in some minds. The black man was
not naturally the enemy of the white man.
In 1862, when his master left him at the old
homestead to go forth and fight the
army that he knew was coining
to free him, had he abused the confidence
reposed in him? He would rather have a
democratic House here honestly elected
than to have affairs a3 they stand. “If
God is just I tremble for my country,”
said no, quoting Jeffers in; and in conclu
sion he s iid: “In the name of God, of my
country, and of the constitution, let it be
understood that the condition of things
shall be bette - from this on.”
The hour of 5 o’clock having arrived, the
House took u recess to 7:30 o’clock, the
evening session to be for the consideration
of private pension bills.
THE EVENING SESSION.
The House at it3 evening session did no
business, but the few members present re
solved themselves into a debating society,
the subjects boing “pensions” and “war
claims.” Mr. Enloe of Tennessee gave
notice that until the House would allow pri
vate bills to be considered on Fridays he
would allow no pension bills to be passed on
Friday nights. He then made a long speech
in favor of the payment of southern war
claims.
Mr. BoOthman of Ohio followed with an
exhaustive speech in reference to pensions.
Both gentlemen were constantly interrupt
ed aud the House was frequently in an up
roar, laughter and excitement alternating.
On several occasions rather personal and un
parliamentary language was indulged in,
but the general good humor of the House
prevailed, and anger and Indignation were
laughed down.
The House at 10:30 o’clock adjourned.
CONFIRMED BY THE SENATE.
Alton Angler as Consul at Rbeims
Among the Lucky Ones.
Washington, April 11.—The Senate has
confirmed the following nominations:
Lewis A. Graut, assistant secretary of
war.
Brig. Gen. Nelson A. Miles, major gen
eral. ,
Col. B. H. Grierson, brigadier general.
Alton Angier of Georgia,consul at Rbeims.
R. B. Carson, postmaster at Durant, Miss.
PHELAN’S PARTING SHOT.
HE ADMITS THAT HE MADE HIM
SELF RIDICULOUS.
Nevertheless He Feels That Col.
Fleming Has Proven Himself a Cow
ard—He Inferred That the Editor
Either Took Him For a Coward or
Wanted to Provoke a Fight.
Washington, April 11.—Congressman
Phelan has furnished for publication a
statement of his difficulty with Col. Fleming
of Knoxville, in which he says: “Every
mail is willing to bear the burden of his own
follies, but the most patient are restive
under the weight of those which are ficti
tious. I could possibly bear having
it said that a man in the
prime of life to whom I had
sent a hostile message was a septuagenarian,
but to have it gravely said by pajiers of the
widest circulation that I had challenged a
man for harshly criticising a book I had
written is indeed too much, even for the
most forbearing.” To show how utterly
groundless this statement is Mr. Phelan
describes the origin of the quarrel substan
tially as has been published.
THOUGHT FLEMING WANTED TO FIGHT.
He then says that it struck him when he
read Editor Fleming’s letter, written after
his, Mr. Phelan’s, letter of redaction and
apology, that “Col. Fleming badoueof two
ideas iu his mind, either that my scrupulous
politeness was founded upon fear of him, or
that he was determined to force
a difficulty. He spoke of my
apology ns having all the ‘outward sooming
of manly apology.’ He says, however, that
‘read according to its true inwardness it is
quite as iusulting and dishonest as the one
for which it is offered in apology.’ He
says, ‘You must pardon me for say
ing that I regard this latter note
as but a cralty device,’ etc. He
says, ‘I am iot so stupid as to be
led by so shallow an artifice iuto acceptance
of any such pretended occurrence.’ As soon
as 1 read this letter I sent him the message
which, it seemed to me, his letter was in
tended to provoke. I addressed this per
sonally to him. I expected a reply which
would be a challenge to mo, or enable me to
send him a challenge, for my message was
not a challenge. Col. Fleming, however,
held my message for two days and then
published it. From one who had seemed so
anxious to force me to the wall I did not
expect a plea that he ignored 'the code.’
don’t defend the code.
“Now, I do not undertake to defend the
so ealled code. Its barbarity is still an issue
between England and the entire continent of
Europe. I frankly confess I can find no more
exuse for ‘the code’ than for anything
else which leads to violence or personal in
jury. But I have never boon able
to see the moral distinction be
tween doing another malicious mischief
forbidden by the laws of God, and offering
an explanation forbidden also by the laws
of man. Bitl do regard its laws as purely
conventional, and only binding on those
who voluntarily assume them. I have tho
highest admiration for tho moral courage
of a man whose whole life of justice to
others and upright intercourse with his
fellow men justify him in repudiating a
resert to violence.
COWARDICE IN REPUDIATION.
“But when repudiation of the code i3
used as a shield to protect one who is any
thing but just to others, and when,
overbearing, malicious and domineering,
unexpectedly checked in the role of bully,
cry out against it, I naturally imagine that
fear of injury to persjn and the impulse of
cowardice invest the so-called ‘code' with a
degree of barbarity which is convenient if
not admirable. That I nc:ed hastily in
sending a message designed to elicit a chal
lenge to a man who ignores the code I readily
admit. But having boon warned to ‘handle
him carefully’ I assumed that the bully
ing tone of bis refusal to accept a hearty
apology, was the result, among other con
tingencies, of overwhelming personal cour-
Nage. The refusal to accept my apology on
the part of a man whom I supposed to be
brave, has filled mo with an impressible
humiliation at which I now smile. Col.
Fleming in his answer says I have made
myself ridiculou-. This is true, but then I
did not know Col. Fleming as I do now.
NOT A CHALLENGE.
“He refers to the fact that denunciation
follows a refusal to accept a challenge. I
did not challenge him. If I had and he had
entered his i lea of contempt for the code I
should certainly do as I now do, and have
accented his estimate of the code in the
pending issue. As for ‘posting’ him, 1 think
that even a desire to press tins ridiculous
airair w uld not have justified this. He
has posted himself. 1 am ready to
accept the verdict of those who reject the
‘code’ that I acted in a manner tnat was
unjustifiable. But in view of the bullying
to which I was subjected, and in view of
the scornful and insult lng refusal to accept
an unequivocal and frank apology, I think
I can safely leave to that porti >n of the
world which is brave, just and generous, to
say whether what 1 did was without pallia
tion. Certainly Col. Fleming’s plea that he
would not fight a duel put an end to all
controversy between us.”
EANDALh'B LAST HOURS.
The Statesman's Death Expected Be
fore I his Morning’s Sunrise.
Washington, April 11.—The condition
of Hon. Samuel J. Randall continues un
changed from yesterday, save that he is
gradually growing weaker and weaker.
He rests easily *nd sleeps n good part of the
time. His rest is natural in his state of
ill-health, and there is no need to give him
anything to induce sleep. He takes nour
ishment regularly.
8o far as possible perfect quiet is main
tained about the sick chamber, and not
evea all the members of the family are
allowed to see him, as the presence of any
one he has not grown accustomed to seeing
during his illness might excite him and
induce him to talk.
Secretary Blaine called at Mr. Randall’s
residence last night, but did not see him.
At 10:30 o’clock to-nigb' Mr. Randall’s
physician expressed the opinion that his
patient could not live till morning.
DEATH MOMENTARILY EXPECTED.
Washington, April 12, 2 a. m.—At 1:40
o’clock this morning Mr. Randall was still
alive, but so low that his death was almost
momentarily expected.
SCHEDULES OF THE TARIFF.
Carpet Manufacturers Protest Against
the Increase.
Washington, April 11.—Messrs. Daman,
Crow, Bullock, Bromley and Mason, carpet
manufacturers of Philadelphia, represent
ing the producing capacity of 4,000 carpet
looms, had a hearing before the republican
members of the ways and means committee
to-day in reference to the proposed increase
Of the duty on carpet wools. They opposed
the proposition and declared that the in
crease would make the raw material for in
grain oarpets c.st ir.oi e than the cai pais
now sold for finished in the open market.
SAVANNAH, GA., SATURDAY, APRIL 12, 1800.
MONTANA’S SENATORS HIP.
Senators Xvarta and George Make the
Speeches of the Day.
Washington, April 11.—After the morn
ing routine business in the Senate tc-day
consideration of the Montana election case
was resumed, and as no senator sought the
floor the yeas and nays were ordered on the
first resolution, and the vote was about
being taken when Mr. Evsrts rose and sug
gested that if no senator on the' other side
desired to speak he would make the closing
argument in support of the committee’s re
port.
Mr. Morgan said that he did not care to
address the Senate, but after hearing the
very able and distinguished lawyer from
New York he might feel himself required
to say something, either in approval or dis
approval, and so he did uot wish to be
understood as being embraced within any
agreement that the senator from New York
should now close the debate in the case.
two propositions.
Mr. Evarts said that there was always
the understood right of any senator to
make any remarks before a vote was taken.
Mr. Evarts said that the proposition on the
democratic Bide was that tho Senate was to
be a canvassing board higher than the terri
torial canvassing board, while the proposi
tion on the republican side was that the
Senate had no such power of revision. The
latter, he said, was the prop sition of the
constitution, of the safety of the Senate,
and of the equality of the states.
Mr. Gray replied to some of Mr. Hearts’
Soints. and then Mr. George took the floor.
[e said that the arguments iu the cose were
now concluded, and that tie point had been
reached when “this honorable court" was
required to render judgment.
reasons for his vote.
Asa member of that court lie de
sired to state the reasons for the
vote that he would give. In re
gard to precinct No. 34, in Silver Bow
contv, be asserted that under tho law all
the votes cast there were legal votes, amt
that the county board of canvassers who
threw out those votes hail committed an act
of usurpation, and he asked whether
any member of this honorable court
was willing to get up and say that that act
was authorized by law' He said he would
“pause for a reply. [After a pause) There
is not one member of this court.” he said,
“who, iu the face of the American people,
will get up a id say on his responsibility
that that can .'as-dug b >ard haul a right to
do what it did. This was the first h.op in
the iniquity. Without that step no other
part of the iniquity could have been trans
acted.”
THE TERRITORIAL BOARD.
Coming to the territorial canvassing
board at Helena, Mr. George said ho did
not know the correct pronunciation of the
name, but that, from the conduct of the
canvassing board he supposed tha correct
pronunciation was Hell-eni. Tbo board,
he said, “these three beautiful specitna s of
political rascality, had hastened to be infa
mous,” and would go down to history as
having furnished an instance not of con
cealed fraud, but of successful villainy,
holding out the fruits of its crime and boast
ing of it.
•TO BIT TO A FINISH.
Mr. Hoar gave notice that on Monday he
would ask the Senate to rematp in session un
til the Montana! case was disposed of. He
would not call it up to-morrow, as there
might be an implied understanding that
Saturday's sessions were to to devoted to
tbe calendar.
After an executive session the Senate at
5:55 o’clock adjourned till to-morrow.
CHICAGO'S EXPOSITION.
The Bill Reported to the Senate with
ite Amendments.
Washington, April 11.—Just before the
Senate adjourned this morning Mr. Haw
ley reported the world’s fair bill with the
amendments agreed upon by the com
mittee. The first one was to section
5, relating to the acceptance of
the site by the national commission,
with a provision that the site and buildings
shall be doomed adequate to the purposes of
the exposition, and a further pr iviso “that
said commissi n shall be satisfied that said
corporation has an actual bona fide and
valid subscription to its capital stock of at
least 45,000,000.” The amendment inserts
after the word “stock” the words “which
shall secure the payment.”
A NAVAL REVIEW.
The following was proposed as a new sec
tion:
Section B. The President is hereby em
powered and directed to bold a naval
review in New York harbor iti April, 1893,
and to extend to foreign nations an invita
tion to send ships of war to join the United
States navy in the rendezvous at HamDtou
Roads and proceed thence to said review.
The President is further empowered and
directed to make arrangements for the un
veiling of a statue of Christopher Colummis
at Washington with appropriate cere
monies, and a civic nr.d military parade,
under his general direction, after said naval
review, and not less than five days before
the opening of said exposition, ana to invite
the attendance therat of foreign representa
tives.
SILVER BILL FRAMERS.
Dingley Appoints the Committee
Ordered by the Caucus.
Washington, April 11. Chairman
Dingley has appointed the special commit
tee ordered by the republican caucus last
night to prepare a silver bill for the consid
eration of the caucus next Monday night.
The members are the eight republican
members of the coinage committee, viz.:
Chairman Conger of lowa, aud Messrs.
Wickham of Ohio, Walker of Massachusetts,
Carter of Montana, Comstock of Minnesota,
Bartine of Nevada, Knapp of New York,
Taylor of Illinois, aud tha following addi
tional members: Messrs. McKinley of Ohio,
Cannon of Illinois, Bayne of Pennsylvania,
McKenna of California, Perkins of Ka isas,
Henderson of lowa, aud McComas of .lary
land. The committee held its first meeting
this afternoon and was in secret session for
several hours.
MAILS TO ASPIN WAL ..
A Bill to Establish a Weekly Service
from Tampa.
Washington, April 11.—Senator Cul
lum to-day introduced a bill to establish a
first-class mail and steamship service be
tween Tampa and Aspinwall, Central
America, for a term of five years. Tho bill
authorizes the Postmaster General to con
tract with the owners of American iron and
steel ships to carry the mails, for which
thev shall receive an annual compensation
of $200,000. Thera shall be service both
ways weekly, and tho ships so employed
shall bo built, owned, and officered by Arner
can citizens. The Postmaster General is
empowered to cancel the contract at any
time should the service rendered not be effte
cient and sattsfac ory.
Purchases of Bonds.
Washington. April 11.— The band offer
ings to-day aggregated $83,700. All vrere
accepted at 123 for 4s and 103>£ for Ij^s,
COTTON TO NEW ORLEANS
THE APPEAL TO THE INTERSTATE
COMMISSION DECIDED.
The Complaint Dismissed on All Points
Except the Rolativo Rates From
Jackson, Miss., and Meridian to New
Orleans, Which Are Corrected by
Adjustment—The Decision Outlined
Washington, April 11.—In the two
cases of tho New Orleans Cotton Exchange
against the Illinois Central Railway Com
pany and seventeen other railroad com
panies, and against the Cincinnati and New
Orleans and Texas and Pacific Railroad
Companies, and ten othor railroad com
panies, decided to-day by tho interstate
commerce commission, Mr. Bragg, com
missioner, delivering tho opinion, which
involves the relative reasonableness of rates
on cotton from interior points in the cotton
producing country to New Orleans and to
eastern mills, the complaint was dismissed
as to all other material points except the
relative rates from Jackson, Miss., and
Meridian to New Orleans, which are cor
rected by the commission by adjustment.
the points involved.
The following points were decided in these
cases:
1. There was involved the relative reasonable
ness of rates upon tho transportation of cotton
from the southern states by all rail lines to
northern and eastern mills amt Atlantic ports
upon through rates and a long haul on the one
baud and on the other the local rates of rail
carriers to a near port upon a short haul at
which their service terminates, they having
no associated line of steamships for a con
tinuous carriage to the ultimate destination.
But the cotton so carried by them to such near
port being cldeliy for export, and all such rail
lines peuetratiug the sains territory and com
peting for the same business running north,
south and ea<t in opposite directions, such ques
tions can only be disposed of on broad lines aud
not from narrow considerations.
tf. In considering such questions thus pre
sented the circumstances aud conditions sur
rounding the traffic in tho respective sorvice
performed in its carriage by the rail carrier
may be, and in these proceedings are found to
be substantially dissimilar or wholly unlike.
% PROPORTIONS IN THROUOH lIATES.
3. The proportion of one carrier in a through
rate upon a lo.ig haul often Is, and frequently
may be considerably less than its local
rate for hauling the same freight over its own
line without there being any unjust discrimina
tion. unlawful preference, or extortion involved
in such a method.
4. Tho active competition of these all-rail
carriers for the transportation of such freight,
thereby giving them the benefit of the pro
dneerand consumer, and furnishing many out
lets to markets, ig one of the results contem
plated by tlie act to regulate commerce, and
which it was intended to promote.
DIFFERENCES PER TON PER MILE.
5. In determining such questions as compari
son of rates based upon the doctrine that the
rate per ton per mile for each of the different
services so pertormc I should bo the sune is not
applicable, citing former decisions of the com
mission upon this subject.
0. In solving questions of this character the
commission wi.l look at and consider every
fact, circumstance and condition surrounding
the traffic aud of the service performed iu its
transportation, and if the comuetliion of tbe
water carriers at any point is such as to bo
large, active and of controlling force, tho all
ra.l Hues competing for the truffle at the same
points may make rates that are reasonable
aud just in view of such competition, and which
will enable them to participate in the carriage
of the traffic, and they arc not obliged to go
out of the business and leave it as a monopoly
to the water carriers.
COST OF COMPRESSING.
7. The method of compressing cotton for
shipment from the southern states is one that
is found to be absolutely necessary in the case
of long through hauls by rail, or wh re tho cot
ton is carried by coastwise steamers or by
ocean vessels for export, and uncompressed
cotton received by rail carriers should be cam
pressed at the actual and necessary cost of
compressing.
8. Upon the facte found in these cases the com
mission will not order the rail carriers to trans
port cotton on fiat cars instead of box cars to
New Orleans, the rate being the same on each,
no injury being shown to have resulted to the
petitioners or that city, or to any shipper or
producer from the carriage iu box cars.
A BUILDERS’ STRIKE.
The Employment of Non-Union Work
men tlie Cause of the Trouble.
New York, April 11.—At 1 o’clock to
day the carpenters, stair builders, steam fit
ters, plumbers and housesmitlis employed
on several large buildings in the coursa of
construction down town, laid down their
tools and walked out, having bn ordered
to stop work by the Central Labor Union.
The building' wars those of the Union
Trust Company on Broadway, Brown Bros.,
Lancashire Insurance Company and several
smaller ones.
The union ordered the strike because of a
disagreement with Paulsen & Eager, pro
prietors of the Hecla iron works, at Gceon
Point, L. L, whero men have been working
in the buildings. It is said that tho iron
men promised to employ only union men,
which they were not in the habit of doiug.
the firm waited on.
A committee of the Central Labor Union
waited on the firm, and an agreement was
signed (so it was claimed by the union men)
by Paulson & Eagar to employ union men
only. No disposition was manifested to-day
by the firm to remove the non-uuiou men
at work, and two delegates waited
or tbe Iron men to ascertain way they had
not been removed as agreed upon. From
all accounts their rocep’ion was vory cool:
in fact, it is said, the delegates were ordered
out of the company’s office.
the strike ordered.
The delegates came back to the city, re
ported the fac‘, and the men were ordered
out. Representatives of the iron works
could not be found in or about any of tho
buildings affected by the strike. The plas
terers aud bricklayers did not join
in tbe strike, having district or
ganizations of their own from
which orders to quit work must emanate.
Other trades laborers were not surprised at
the order from the Central Labor Union,
aud were ready to stop work. Delegates
from the central union were around the
buildings maintaining order, and tho walk
out was characterized by order aud quiet.
CORNELL IN A BAD WAY.
Officers With Judgments Unable to
Find Any Property.
New York, April 11.—Thore is little
room for doubt now that the business
affairs of ex-Gov. Cornell are in c. bad way.
There are judgments already recorded
against him aggregating nearly sß,ooo,and it
is feared that they are only forerunners of
othoi s involving much larger amounts. Dep
uty Sheriff Young wh) lias oaen trying for
several days to fi::d some property of the
ex-governor to levy upon for $270 due fur
office rent has been unable so far to discover
anything. Since Friday last ox-Gov. Cor
nell has been invisible to any one except
members of his family. It is rumored that
his financial disasters have affected him
mentally, and that his changed demeanor
and increased irritableness have been the
subject of comment for some months past.
He is at the residence of his son
Cnarles, at No. 405 Lexington avenue,
but will receive no visitors. It is admitted
that he is very much worried over the coa
di: ion of his affairs, but it is assorted that
be is physically .aud mentally all right.
RUSSIA*B STUDENTS.
A Claim That There Was No Ground
for Their Dissatisfaction.
St. Petersburg, April 11.—The Official
Messenger says that the students at tbe
various public institutions of learning in
Russia who took part iu the recent agita
tions had no grounds for dissatisfaction.
Friendly advice proved unavailing
to stop these demonstrations, and
the authorities were compelled to adopt
stern measures to sutxlue their insubordina
tion. Fifty-five students at the agricul
tural academy at Moscow have been sent
home, and three have been expelled.
Twenty have been sent home from the BC.
Petersburg University and Technological
Institute. Thirteen were sent home and
two expelled from the School of Forestry,
and fifteen were sent home and two expelled
from the veterinary surgicul school at
Cbarkoff.
ITALY’S EXILE EDICT.
The Progressist Press of Berlin Criti
cises the Action.
Berlin, April IL—The progressist press
severely criticises the action of Italy in
expelling the newspaper correspondents.
The Vossische Zettung regrets that Italy,
the home of liberty, has used a weapon
from the armory of Motternich, and says
that Premier Crispi’s position can
not bo strengthened bv public
repudiation of past traditions. It is stated
here that the action of tho Italian govern
ment in oxpelling from Italy Hon- Grune
wnld, correspondent of the Frankfurter
Zeitnng, was taken at the iustanc? of Ger
many, who requested his expulsion from
tne couutry for attacking the triple alliance.
VALENCIA‘3 RIOTERS.
Military Guarding the Buildings That
Were Attacked.
Valencia, April ll.—After midnight
the people who took part in the auti-Carlist
demonstration dispersed, and the city was
quiet. Most of the troops have returned to
their barrack), but pickets patrol the
streets. Military guards have been sta
tioned at tho Carlist club house and the
Jesuit church and college, all of which
buildings were seriously damaged by the
rioters.
Germany’s Labor Holiday.
Berlin, April 11.—The Post says that
tbe socialist members of the Reichstag will
ineot at Dresden Sunday t i discuss tho cele
bration which tho workingmen propose to
hold May I. The non-socialist unions,
numbering 63,000 members, refuse to ob
serve May 1 as a labor holiday.
A Liberal Elected.
London, April 11. —Lloyd George, lib
eral, was yesterday elected to fill the
vacancy iu the House of Commons for Car
tin vau district, caused by the death of
Edmund Hwteteuham, conservative. Mr.
George’s majority is 20.
More Disorder in Vienna,
Vienna, April 11.—Disorder was renewed
in the Favoriton quarter of this city to-day.
The disturbers were dispersed by poloce and
hussars, and many arrests were made.
CHICAGO’S CARPENTERS.
Every Indication That the Strike is
to be a Protracted One.
Chicago, April 11.—It is thought that
tho action of the Master Carpenters’ Asso
ciation last night in deciding not to concede
the strikers’ demands has done away with
all hope of a speedy settlement of tho great
strike. The trouble seems to have settled
down to a question of endurance, mid the
general impressions is that the fight will be a
protracted one. The boss carpenters say
they propose to go to work to fill the strik
ers’ places on Monday next. About
fifty employers who are not
members of the Master Carpenter's Associa
tion held a meeting to-night, and utter
forming an organization appointed an
arbitration committee t > meet a similar
committee from the journeymen. The new
organization is composed of tlie smaller
bos-is, each of whom employs from three
to five workmen. The journayniun’s execu
tive council to-uight issued another address
to the public, reiterating the demands for a
fixed mlnitnun rate of wages and an eight
hour day. A vigorous denial is entered to
plea that the master association is purely a
social affair aud thut tbe council could uot
enforce its side of an agreement.
HIGH WATER AT NATCHEZ.
Tho Flood Two Inches Above Any
Point Reached This Year.
New Orleans, April 11.—A special to
the Times-Democrat from Natchez, Miss.,
says: “Tho river rose three inches in the
past twenty-four hours aud is now two
inches above the highest point reached
this year and it is still
rising. The government steamer Gen.
Newton, from points above, reports all
the levees from Vicksburg to Natchez
as being considered in safe condition.
Communication from Haphazard, Con
cordia parish, says tho water from Tensas
river is running over the levees from Frog
rnoro up, and rapidly filling up the fields,
so much so that plowing had to be sus
pended.”
AN EARTHQUAKE IS MAINE.
A Noise Like the Exploolon of a Can
non Preceded the Quaking.
Dover, Me., April 11.—An earthquako
shock was felt here this morning a few
moments before 3 o’clock. A noise like
that caused by au explosion was first
heard, and then the earth trembled for
saveral seconds. Clocks were stopped and
small articles wore thrown from then
places.
ATLANTA'S NEW SOCIETY.
Tho Constitution of the Organization
of the Northerners.
jVtlanta, Ga., April 11.—The Northern
Society, which was organized here last
week, mot again to-day and adopted the fol
lowing constitution and by-laws:
Article I.— Name: This organization shall be
known as “The Northern Society ot Georgia.”
Art. 2.—Tile obj -ct of the society shall be to
promote social intercourse among its members;
to unite and bring together nil northern men
residents in the south; to disseminate reliable
infonnat ion in all legitimate ways: to discourage
and counteract all inconsiderate action or speech
tending to estrange any portions of our coun
try; to develop tho vast natural wealth and
resources of the south and to encourage new in
dustries and enterprises.
Art. 3. Membership. All porthem men
residents in the south who are in sympathy
with tlie objects of this organization, and who
will faithfully endeavor to promote them shall
be eligible to membership. Discussion of, poli
tics or religion is expressly prohibited at any of
the society or committee meetings. Violation
of this rule is causa for suspension or expulsion.
Snow at Harrisonburg.
Harrisonburg, Va., April 11.—Last
night snow fall here, and the mercury
dropped below the freezing point. It is
feared that great damage was done to fruit.
f DATT.Y.ftOA YEAR. I
■! SCENTBA COPY. V
I WEiSKLY.I.aSAYEAH. S
TRADE’S SKY CLOUDLESS.
THE MONEY MARKETS EASIER
NEARLY EVERYWHERE.
Dixie Drawing Heavily on tbe North
for Payments for Products sold and
Sending Only the Usual Amounts
Back for Goods Purchased—The Iron
Market Overstocked.
New York. April 11.—R. G. Dun & Co.’s
weekly review of trade, issued today, says:
With a largor tounag: in motion than in
any previous year at the same season, a
larger volume of currency in active circula
tion, larger payments throughout tho clear-,
ing houses by nearly 10 per ce it., larger
imports and exports, aud largor domestio
production in agriculture, iu iron and steel,
and the leather aud boot ami shoe manufac
ture, the country has entered upoa tho second
quarter of tho year with great hopefulness.
Trade throughout the country seems grad
ually improving—several failures with
unpleasant features have disturbed confi
dence, winter wheat tmi sustained some
injury from the unnatural season, and wars
of railroads grow more threatening to in.
vestors and at the same time labor dis
turbance) begin to menace important iudus
tries.
THE iron INDUSTRY. ' jf
The Iron industry has advanced tbo rap
idly and the expected sot back I,as begun.
The furnaces in blast April 1 were of 178,000
tons weekly output against 180,000 March
1, and 148,000 a year ago. The production
for the quarter rad? be estimated at 2,250,-
000 tons, against 1,900,000 last year,
and the stocks ou hand are accumulating.
At nineteen southern furnaces iu March tha
increase in unsold ir id on hand was equal
to 80 per cent, of their entire output.
Prices are lower, southern No. I being
offered at sl7 50 and northern at $lB,
while bids of $33 a are sought
for steel rails. The business in bar iron is
better, with do change in prlcos. Plates
are moving at very unsatisfactory prices,
and structural iron is uot as active as the
makers wish.
THE SPECULATIVE MARKETS.
The speculative markets have been more
active, with a higher range of
prices- on the while. The sale*
of wheat have reached 74,000,000
bushels here, and the price has adva iced
2?T. Corn is also half a cent stronger, with
sales for the week of 11,000,000 bushels,
and oats are nearly 1 ceut higher.
Sugar lias been firmly held, the support
ers of the trust calculating that no change
will be made in the duties.
The reports from other cities are more
generally favorable. At the south, outeide
the direct effect of the floods, trade is good
aud less time is as :ed than usual. The
monetary sitaation dees not threaten.
THE MONEV MARKET EAHY.
Exports of products are falling off a
lit le, while tho imports continue large, so
that, in the absence of foreign purchases
of secut it ies gold exports may occur, but
for some time to come tint money mai jeet is
likely to be well supplied, interior mar
kets are generally easier, and at Kansas
City and Milwaukee with more demand.
At Cleveland tho demand is so acEjve as to
cause stringency. It is not to be
overlooked that the west and south have
been drawing from the east enormously for
products sold, while tho purchasing of goods
is not much more than in other years.
The business failure) during the last week
number for the United .States 176 and for
Canada 33, a total of 209, against 306 last)
wook.
END OF THE PRIZE DRILL.
Tho Southern Cadets of Macon Win
the First Prize.
Jacksonville, Fla.,' April 11.—The
interstate military contest closed here to
day. This morning squads from the Gate
City Guards of Atlanta and Southern
Cadets of Macon contested for extra prizes
offered by the Sub-Tropical management.
Tho judges for the whole contest weret
R. H. Anderson, first lieutena it United
States artillery; H. J. Slocum, first lieuten
ant Seventh United Stutes cavalry, aud
John E. McMahon, second lieutenant Fourth
United States artillery. They gave a de
cision to-night as f liows:
. First Prize—Southern Cadets, with 95 per
cent.
Second Prize—Atlanta Rifles, 94 per cent.
Third Prize—Gate City Guards 91 per
cent.
Tho Metropolitan Light Infantry ot
Jacksonville had a percentage of 83.
THE STATE CONTESTS.
Iu the state contests the awards are os
follows:
First Prize—Metropolitan Light Infantry,
80 per cent.
Second Prize—Gainesville Guards, 75 per
cent.
In the squad drill contest the first prize
was won by the Gate City Guard with 93.
Tbe Southern Cadets were second with 91
per cent.
In the individual contest for the best
drilled soldier, t adet Pye, of the East
Florida Seminary, won the prize.
The prizes in the interstate drill ore
$2,000, $750 and $250, and the S mthern
Cadets are jubilant over the possession of
the largest check.
The Sub-Tropical exposition closes the
season of 1890 to-morrow night.
MACON JUBILANT.
Macon, Ga., April 11.—When tho an
nouncement was received here to-night of
the victory of the Cadets the city went
wild with outhusiasm. Throughout the
day there was gloom on all sides. No one
felt cheerful. It was nearly 6 o’clock when
tho Telegraph received the first news of the
victory. As the bulletin was read men
went wild with enthusiasm, thoir cheers
being caught up by others who were
hurrying up to tho scene. To-night
a special train left here for
Lake City. It will take up the Cadets and
reach here on a 50 mile an hour schedule at
4 o’clock. One thousand dollars has been
raised for the roception expense.), which
will overshadow any similar demonstration
ever attempted here. The Cadets’ team
will be driven over the city under escort
and will bo brought to the armory, where
the reception will follow.
Respited at the Last Moment.
Columbia, 8. C„ April 1L -Willie Lean
hart, a colored youth sentenced to be hanged
at Lexington tc-day, was resoited by the
governor last night until May 9, in order
that his counsel may make motion for a
new trial upon the ground of new evidence
in the pr soner's favor, which, it is alleged,
has just come to light.
A Verdict for $4,000.
Charleston, 8. C., -April 11.—Thomas
Henning, who was injured bv au electric
wire some time ago, was awarded 84,000
damage in the United State court to-day
in a suit against tho Western Union Tele
graph Company. He sued for $5,000.
Letter Boxes Looted.
Washington, April 11.—About twelve
street letter boxes in the city of Dayion, 0.,
were last night broken open and their con
tents torn and scattered iu the streets. Toe
locks iu mauy case) are missing.
