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The Greorgia "Weekly Telegraph..
THE TELEGRAPH
MACON. FRIDAY,' JANUARY 22, 1869.
1 ft’hatBwome*of , ‘MMihood[8nflrage.”
A New York'dispatch of the -ICth to the West-
• em papers says:
A movement is oa foot here among Republi
cans for the organization of a new party restrict
ing the elective franchise by requiring a -cer
tain amount of intelligence, and totally ■ recon
structing the naturalization laws. This city is
so completely in thei hands of foreigners, that
this movement, -if-pursued, will be reactionrary.
It is thought it will spread and become formid
able on account of the men connected with it.
So the shoe of universal suffrage is beginning
topin/ch. • None of ourNew York friends felt the
pain while consigning the South to a universal
suffrage of ignorant and semi-barbarous blacks.
They never had a word of remonstrance against
that awful outrage against common sense and
the public safety. -Negro suffrage was good
enough for ns, but Irish and Dutch suffrage will
not do for them.
Gentlemen of the t‘manhood suffrage - ’ party
—you who have told-us so long and loudly that
• suffrage is not a political privilege, but a natu-
; ral right of man—you.have gone too far to help
yourselves. Your case looks to ns remediless.
'.You are fairly committed, not only to Irish,
Dutch, and negro suffrage, but the Indians and
: John Chinaman are yet to-come in for this God-
ordained right-of manhood. We don’t see but
what you will have to “fight it out on that line'
and take the consequences.
New York Senatorial Contest.
The wars of the Radical Guephs and Ghibbe-
lines in New York have terminated in the down
fall of Morgan and the-nomination of Reuben E.
Fenton for the'Senate. * The vote in caucus was,
Fenton fifty-two; Morgan forty. It is supposed
more money “changed hands’’ in this contest,
than in the celebrated Cameron election in Penn
sylvania. Fenton is recommended by Thurlow
Weed’s paper os the most audaciously corrupt
and unprincipled politician the Empire State
-has yet produced.
Night Note.—The telegraph announces his
election. AI30, the election of Hamlin in Maine,
and Schurz in Missouri. They are all extreme
Radicals.
Atlantic &: Gulp Railroad.—The annual
meeting of the Atlantic & Gulf Railroad Com
pany will be hfeld at the ’ Company’s office in
this city, says the Savannah Morning News, on
Wednesday, the tenth day of February, at 11
o’clock, A. M.
The election of' Directors to manage the af
fairs Of the Company during the ensuing year
will take.place at this meeting, and the result
will probably show whether the Southwestern
Railroad Company has obtained a controlling
interest in the affairs of the road or not.
Both the'Savannah Republican and News ore
now, through their correspondents, anxiously
canvassing the probable effect upon that city of
the recent consolidation of railway interests.
The New York Weekly Sun, one of the mos
-comprehensive and sparkling of the weekly
papers, is making commendable efforts to in
crease its circulation. Mr. Andrew S. Fuller, its
agricultural editor, offers extra inducements to
-subscribers, which it would be worth while for
those in want of a lively, cheap and first-class
paper to examine. The paper is published at *1
a year, and is every way worth the money, wito-
-out considering the handsome gift to each sub
scriber, which is sent him on receipt of his
money. Read the advertisement.
The Pacific Railroad.
Some movements are being made in Con
gress to investigate the affairs of the Credit
Mobilier of the Union Pacific Railroad. From
all accounts Congress will strike a gay and rich
piece of financiering,-when they come to- inves
tigate that “peculiarinstitution.”
M»
Reconstructed Arkansas.
According to the Little Rock Gazette, there
are 94,500 registered voters in that State, of
whom 70,000 are whites, 23,000 negroes, and
1500 carpet-baggers. Bnt affairs have been so
skilfully manipulated in Arkansas that this vote
is represented in the -Legislature by eighty-two
Radicals and one Democrat.
Settled by the Pacific Railroad.
The Mobile Tribune thinks the labor and ne
gro questions in the South are going to be
settled by the Pacific Railroad, which will poor
in a flood of- Chinese immigration. John China
man will not travel far at ten -cents a mile.
The Amnesty Proclamation.
The President, am Monday, sent to the Senate
a communication in response to-the Senate reso
lution of the 5th, demanding a eopy of the Am
nesty Proclamation and by what authority it was
issued. The President says:
The authority of law by which it was made is
set forth in the proclamation itself, which ex
pressly affirms that it was issued by virtue of
the pow« and authority in me vested,by the Con
stitution, and in die name of the sovereign peo
ple of the United States, and proclaims and de
clares unconditionally and without reservation,
to all, and to every person who directly or indi
rectly participated in the late insurrection or
rebellion, a full pardon and amnesty for the
offence of treason against the United States, or
of adhering to their enemies daring the
late civil war, with the restoration of all
their rights, privileges and immunities under
the Constitution and laws which have been
made in pursuance thereof. The Federal Con
stitution provides that the President shall have
power to grant reprieves and pardons for all of
fenses against the United States except the cases
of imprisonments. The proclamation of the
25th ifit. is in strict accordance with the judicial
exposition of the authority thus -conferred upon
the Executive, and, as will bo seen by reference
to the accompanying papers, in conformity with
the precedent established by Washington in
1795, and followed by Adams in 1800, Madison
in 1815, and Lincoln in 1863, and by the pres
ent Executive in 1865, 1867 and 1868.
Senator Joshua Ilill.
The Tribune’s Washington report of the 16th
says:
“ The question of the admission of Mr. Joshua
Hill, of Georgia, to a seat in the Senate was to
day settled, so far as the action of the Judiciary
Committee is concerned. The manner of the
election of tho Senators, the fact of the expul
sion of the colored members of tbe Legislature
on the ground that they were ineligible, under
the State Constitution, and all the points bearing
upon the subject, were fully discussed. After a
long consultation the committee came to a di
rect vote on the question of the admission of
Mr. Hill, and a majority voted against allowing
him a seat. It is probable that a long debate
will arise in the Senate when the report is sub
mitted, bnt the action of the committee will
doubtless be sustained.”
The Lincoln Assassination—Snratt to
Write a Disclosure.
The Northern papers say that Snratt will
print a book, in which he denies all knowledge
of any assassination plot, but confesses freely
that Booth and himself, and others, were in a
plot to abduct Mr. Lincoln. He declares that
assassination was never spoken of to him, and
was not agreed on by Booth and Payne until
the night it took place, He further insists on
the entire innocence of his mother; maintains
that every effort was made to keep the abduc
tion plot from her knowledge, and says she was
simply the victim of unfortunate circumstances,
and tho machinations of the witness Weichman,
whose evidence, it will be remembered, caused
Mrs. Suratt’s conviction. Snratt proposes to
tell the good, bad Mid indifferent, and make
oath to it. He feels, it is said, that it will be
so impartial and straightforward that it will be
believed.
It Is a Mistake.
from the Montgomery Adtcrtiier>J
The Macon (Ga.) Teleobath is edited with tin-
usual ability and discretion. The editor is at
heart a true Southern man, and we respect him
both personally and professionally; but we can
not help from thinking that he has fallen into
the grave error of supposing that the Southern
States can recover their self respect, and regain
their prosperity and their liberties, by money
making, while leaving'their governments and
politics to the negroes andtheirwhite associates.
The subjoined 'article indicates the views of
the editor of {he Telegraph on this subject:
It presents a surface view of the subject, and
we cannot agree with our friend in his conclu
sions. On the contrary, it is our opinion that
hp is vastly mistaken m supposing “it is not
much use for us now-a-days to talk politics, and
lay any claims in the disposition of family inter
ests. Nobody will listen except to smile and de- ness,
ride.”
- By us the editor means the true, substantial
Southern people. But he seems to forget that
we are compelled to talk politics by way of self-
defence. if for no other reason. There arc cer
tain political machines called governments set
np over us, and the officials of those quasi gov
ernments are as hostile to ns, in our principles,
sentiments and real interests as men can possi
bly be ; and, moreover, they are always “talking
politics,” to our moral and material injury. Be
sides this, there are individuals at Washington,
pretending to represent these States, but who
are always toting with those who are bent on op
pressing and despoiling us.
We ought, at least, to be allowed to talk poli
tics so far as it may be necessary to defend our
selves from tbe assaults of these aliens and rob
bers.
The Advertiser is opposed to being converted
just at this time into simply an Agricultural
journal or railroad guide.
The editor of the Telegraph is further mis
taken in imagining that nobody listens to ns ex
cept to smile and deride. The editor should
know that nearly or quite a moiety of the North
ern people have listened to us with the profound-
est sympathy—and have fully embraced our
cause so far as it involves constitutional issues,
and tho principles of sound republican govern
ment.
We firmly believe that they are still listening
to us, and intend to do so without intermission,
until our fundamental rights shall be re-estab
lished under the government, unless we our
selves consent to abandon our own principles
and our own cause, with on idea of conciliating
our detestable radical tyrants by paying tribute
by our labor and wealth to their constrained
and contemptuous forbearance.
For one, we claim the right to be a Democrat,
to talk politics like a Democrat without being
persecuted for doing so. We also claim the
right to denounce the radical party for its vio
lations of the laws: its terrible immoralities;
its oowardice and meanness; and its constant
and never ceasing insults to the Southern peo
ple. The latest idea in connection with this in
sulting course, now for three years pursued to
wards ns, is that we shall become mere laborers
in the vineyard for the carpetbag proprietors of
onr Southern Governments. The Telegraph,
perhaps, forgets that the voice of seven or eight
millions of people cannot be effectually “derid
ed” for any length of time if they will only
sturdily assert toe truth, and be prepared to
meet all proper responsibilities. A wealthy slate
at best, is only a slave, and a dog with a gold
collar around his neck is only a dog.
Our advice to our people is to abstain from
all personal violence, to yield obedience to the
laws and to those in authority—not to neglect
their business avocations for an instant, but at
toe same time to talk and to act politics unceas
ingly, until by peaceable means, argument and
the ballot, they shall resume possession of toe
administration of their State governments, and
assist toe National Democratic party to expel
from the Capitol of toe United States the falsest
and wickedest party that ever existed in any
country in all toe tide of time.
The Telegraph says:
The Montgomery Advertiser takes umbrage
Governor of Illinois concludes his message by a
vigorous remonstrance with Congress against its
repeated assaults upon toe lights of toe States
and its assumptions that the Federal Govern
ment is a government of original powers, where
as it holds them only by toe oonsent of the
States and restricted by the terms of the grant.
That suggestion will be extremely novel to toe
Illinois Radical.
We shall not differ from toe Advertiser, - ex
cept it may be on toe single point of too practi
cal utility of pressing political theories just now.
We don’t want to reduce him to an agricultural
journal, and yet we think any paper might divert
its attention to agricultural topics without loss
of dignity or diminution of inilaenoe -or useful-
at the New York World’s advice, that “It might
assist a comprehension of toe advantages now
offered by toe Southern States to capitalists, if
their newspapers would devote somethingless of
their space to such ephemera as negro suffrage,
reconstruction, Radical domination, and so on,
and dwell more fully on industrial topics and lo
cal natural wealth.”
The Advertiser stoutly and justly maintains
the ability of the Southern people to talk poli
tics and raise cotton too; and rebukes that easy
and cool assumption of moral and intellectual
superiority which characterizes, more'or less,
toe tone of every Northern man, when speaking
either to or of toe South, even where toe motive
may be friendly. It is the manner, accurately
copied, of a rich old millionaire, conscious of a
thousand argosies and heavy bank deposits, to
a graceless young spend-thrift ora hard-fisted
laborer. The rebuke is authoritative and toe
advice exceedingly patronizing. In short, the
South has fallen to toe estate and condition of a
‘poor friend” of toe national family, and even
toe head servants in toe household feel author
ized to put on airs when they approach her.
Well, this may be truly said : It is of not
much use for us now-a-days to talk politics and
lay any claim to a voice in toe disposition of
family interests. Nobody will listen except to
smile and to deride. We shall recover our status
•when we improve our bank accounts. That is
toe first thing in order, and until that is accom
plished, we shall be remitted to dispute prece
dence, with the negroes in toe kitchen, and in
various other ways be reminded that we are but
very poor and distant relation.
Practically, there is not much at issue between
toe Telegraph and onr intelligent and patriotic
friend, The Advertiser. We talk politics every
day—more particnlr-rly as they directly affect
toe material situation; and have never enter
tained toe idea of discouraging the able pen of
toe Advertiser, or any other Southern print from
toe same employment
Nay; we go farther, occasionally, and adven
ture forth into the strange and deserted doctrinal
region of State sovereignty and strict construc
tion—bnt feel therein like what onr Baptist
friends call “alandmarker■"—a sort of Old Mor
tality, among the graves of toe saints, keeping
up, as it were, a perpetual memorial of the past
for toe uncertain benefit of future generations.
We know that if Republicanism and free gov
ernment are to be perpetuated in America, it
must be done upon these ancient foundations ;
bnt in this sombre and deserted ground, we see
only toe dead relics of toe past—the dismantled
altars of the prophets and toe fathers, and toe
shattered fragments of grand and glorious ideas
and traditions, dissipated under toe rude ham
mer-strokes of the New England iconoclasts.
When alas, will these silent regions ever again
be repeopled by worthy successors of toe glori
ous founders of the great American system ?
Still, it is better always to keep in sight of sound
principles, no matter how far toe present de
parture, or how desperate the chances of a re
turn.
There is nothing, however, in the hard, dry,
stupid materialism of toe present, that can be
affected by any appeal to theories, doctrines and
precedents. The letter and spirit of the con
stitution are dead, and the Northern people, or
that portion of it which shapes public affairs,
has not toe remotest idea that they are of any
practical consequence to toe liberty, happiness
and welfare of the country.
The God they worship is Gain and material
advancement, and therefore the shortest route of
toe South to a position of self-defence and of in
fluence in the political system, is that which leads
through recuperation and material aggrandise
ment. The Southern dog may not be really
more respectable with a gold collar, but the gold
collar will not make him more a dog, anda great
many people are captivated by a gold collar. We.
have the highest authority for the fact that a
golden calf was once an extremely popular divi
nity.
When we say that our Southern political ethics
are out of date and powerless with the American
masses—are derided and laughed at—we simply
mean that mass who control toe government,
and are reflected through toe Northern press.
We do not deny the existence of many Northern
minds as much attached to tho principles and
doctrines of Republicanism as we in toe South
In the department of Oise, France, more thsa
1,000,000 sacks of beech nuts are gathered an
nually, and the oils, (about sixteen per cent, byj
weight.) extracted. It is scarcely inferior to now and toon wo catch a new breath of hope,
olive oiL I We saw yesterday that even the new Radical
We do not mean to abandon the hope that
one day ciyil liberty may be re-established on
its ancient foundations. On too contrary, every
The Railroad War—The Injunction
Against the Brunswick Railroad-
We have heretofore stated that Wm. B.
Hodgson, JohnL. Mqstian, and John E. Jones,
through their Attorneys, deGraffenried, Lyon
and Irwin, had applied to Judge Cede for an in
junction restraining the Brunswick Railroad
from carrying out its contract with Dabney,
Morgan & Co. This application was made on
Friday, and Judge Cole endorsed it as follows
In Chambers, January 16th, 1869,
“Bead and sanctioned. Let the State’s writ of
subpccna-and injunction issue each in tbe penalty of
fifty thousand dollars, enjoining and restraining toe
defendants as prayed. And let such other pro
ceedings be bad as are usual in equity. And it is
ordered that complainants give injunction bond,
with security, in tbe sum of fifty thousand dollars.
I will hear argument on ten days’ notice, or at
whatever time may bo agreed on, why this injunc
tion should not bo dissolved.
C. B. Cole, Judge, S. C.”
The principal grounds upon which these legal
proceedings ore based seems to be that the con
ditions upon which toe State granted aid to the
road have been violated in the contract made
with Dabney, Morgan &Co. to complete it.
On toe 3d day of December, 1866, toe Legis
lature of Georgia passed an act:
That bis Excellency, too Governor he,-and be is
hereby authorized to place the endorsement of toe
State of Geoigia on tho bonds of toe Macon and
Brunswick Railroad Company, which said Company
may iBsue to toe amount of ten thousand dollars per
mile for as many miles of said road as ace nowoom-
S leted, and too like amount per mile for every ad-
itional ten miles, as toe same may be completed
and placed in running order, on toe following terms
and conditions, to-wit: Before any such endorse
ment- shall be made, toe Governor shall be satisfied
that as much of the road as the said endorsement
shall be applied for, is really finished and in com
plete running order, and that too said road is free
from all liens and mortgages, or other incumbrances
which may, in any manner, endanger toe security of
the State ; and, upon toe further condition and ex
press understanding that any endorsement of said
bonds, when tons made, shall not only vest the
title to all property of every kind which may be
S jcliased with 6aid bonds in this State until all the
nds so endorsed shall be paid, but toe said en
dorsement shall be, and is hereby understood to op
erate as a prior lien or mortgage on all property of
the company, to be enforced as hereinafter provided
for.
41 In the event of any bond or bands endorsed by
toe State, as provided in toe first section of this act,
or toe interest due thereon, shall not be paid by said
Railroad Company at maturity, or when due, it shall
be toe duty of the Governor", upon information of
such default by any holder of said bond or bonds,
to seize and take possession of all toe propertv of
said Railroad Company, and apply the earnings of
said road to the extinguishment of said bond or
bonds or coupons, and shall sell the said road and
its equipments and other property belonging to said
company, in such manner, and at such time, as in
his judgment may best subserve toe interest of all
concerned."
The next day, toe 4th of December, 18G6, that
fcody adopted toe following resolutions :
“ That said Company shall not sell or dispose of
tbe bonds thus endorsed by his Excellency formore
than ten per cent, discount, and toe endorsement of
the State upon the bonds of toe said Company shall
not exceed one million of dollars, until an amount
of capital equal to toe additional endorsement shall
he bona fide subscribed and paid into said Company.
“ That in order more fully to secure toe payment
of toe bonds of said Railroad company, it shall be
the duty of said Company to set apart annually two
per cent, of the amount endorsed for as a sinking
fund, which shall be invested in State bonds and de
posited with toe Governor, to be held in trust for
said Company, and which shall be applied exclusively
to the payment of toe bonds of said Company.”
Tbe orators deny that toe two per cent of toe
amount endorsed for has been set apart by toe
Company, and allege that toe conditions of this
State aid have been violated, as follows:
“Your orators further show that is this enactment
and with a full knowledge of toe terms and condi
tions imposed thereby and therein, and without any
further or additional subscription to toe capital stock
of said Macon and Brunswick Railroad Company to
that previously subscribed, paid in and invested in
the building of said road and its equipment and
which the bonds of tbe Company, previously issued,
endorsed by the State, and negotiated as hereinbe
fore set forth and stated, folly represented and
covered, the said Railroad Company entered into an
agreement with the following persons and firms:
your orators being ignorant and unable to give the
names of the different individuals composing too
different firms—George D. Morgan, of the city of
Boston and State of Massachusetts; and Dabney,
Morgan & Co.. M. R. Jessup & Co., S. L. M. Bar-
low, Morris Ketchum, D. Willis James, James R.
Jessup, Foster & Thompson, J. 8. Morgan & Co.,
James Godwin, L. P. Min turn & Co.. J. Mubank, W.
B. Garrison, W. H. Hays and Wm. H. Gray, all
residents in the State of New York and the city
of New York, in which it was stipulated
by said persons and firms that they would finish said
railroad, equip and pnt it in complete running order,
according to the original design of the charter there
of; and, in consideration therefor, the company
agreed to issue its bonds and to canse toe same to
be endorsed by the State of Georgia, under the
power conferred by toe aforesaid acts and resolu
tions of the Legislature of said State, at the rate of
ten thousand dollars per mile, as each ten miles of
said road should be finished by said company, and
to be delivered to said persons as part payment for
their eaid work, so agreed to bo done by them, at
the nominal rate of ninety cents on the dollar, and
so on, until toe whole work was finished; and then
the said railroad company was to transfer to said
persons, as a further and additional payment for
said -work so agreed to bo done by saidpersonB, one
million five hundred thousand dollars of toe stock
of said company, which said railroad company then
and there guaranteed and contracted should pay
eight per cent, dividends annually, and to be pre
ferred to all other stock in said company, and, also,
one million dollars of toe unendorsed bonds of said
company.”
And they further charge that “toe said Company
did not, in fact, receive as much as ninety cents on
too dollar for the bonds actuator transferred, as
aforesaid, in lawful money of the United States, nor
agree to receive as much as ninety cents on toe dol
lar on the bonds agreed to be transferred.”
That “the same were hawked about the various
markets by toe said Railroad Company, and the
holders thoreof, after such transfer, at a much
less sum, and at prices ranging from sixty to eighty-
five cents on the dollar, and in no instance was as
much as ninety cents on the dollar, in cash or ite
equivalent realized; all -of which was in violation of
toe terms and conditions on which said aid was giv
en, and on which the bonds so endorsod were re
ceived by too eaid Company, and to tho injury of
tbe State of Georgia and of your orators, anu all
other citizens and tax payees thereof.”
We have endeavored as well as we could, to
give toe general reader, in the above extracts,
an idea of this railroad muddle. The next
step will be toe hearing Of toe connsel and toe
examination of witnesses before Judge Cole,who
will set the day after hearing the other side.
Unless voluntarily dropped the case will be car
ried before toe Supreme Court, which will in
volve months of delay.
The public, of course, perfectly understand
the animus of these proceedings. They spring
out of the injunction granted in the Savannah
and Gulf railroad case, toe Southwestern mak
ing toe move for toe purpose of breaking down
the one by toe suggestion of the other.
IFor tbe Telegraph.
Georgia and Her Forest Timber.
We have in the United States, some thirty va
rieties of the oak, many of them valuable for
ship and house building, plantation and mechan
ical uses, such as wheelrights, wagons, plows,
furniture, etc. Many of them are durable, fine
grain woods, capable of high finish as any article
of domestic use; and were their qualities better
known, people would not be so anxious to pay
enormous prices for some foreign article of
much less value. But we, as a people in Geor
gia, must learn to appreciateour ownproductions
andmanufacture—to bring forthfrom their hiding
place toe immense stores of choice productions
of • nature that are now lying dormant in our
forests, mountains, hills, vallies and swamps.
And here we are led to inquire what these re
sources are ?
It will he impossible to define, in one or
several articles, toe unbounded wealth of our
Georgia forests alone—"much less her mineral
resource?, which are unbounded and but slight
ly appreciated at home, and much less known
abroad. Had we a fertile pen we would wake
in the New England heart a longing for a para
dise in good old Georgia, that they never
dreamed of before. Had they toe knowledge of
the vast quantities of fine timber possessed by
toe State of Georgia alone (and there are other
Southern States blessed with their equal share)
they would flock to oar Southern coasts, rives
and swamps to grasp a golden prize; for timber
quereus alba or white oak,is rarely seen in their
dock yards. This specie of oak is confined to
toe swamps and low grounds of too Southern
States, except in the mountainous portions
where it is found in valleis, and rarely on ele
vated highlands. It requires, to obtain its full
size, a deep, swampy soil,not liable to late spring
frosts, which materially injure its blossoms and
leaves and retard its growth for ton year; and
in consequence it never attains toe lofty and
majestic growth in toe. higher latitudes of the
North that it does at thV-South, where toe win
ters and springs are mom congenial to their full
development.
The writer of this article has seen, on one
acre in toe Ocmulgee swamp, four specimens
of this tree—trees that would measure eighty
feet to toe first limb, and would measure from
five to six feet across the stump—and presumes
that others have seen them of larger dimensions
and of sound, good timber—not old hollow trees
of California or Europe, for of that class they
are of no earthly use only as a curiosity; but
these are noble monuments of a good and wise
Providence to supply toe wants of industrious,
thriving men, who see fit to take to themselves
their ores and saw-mills—hew them down and
convert them into useful implements for the
comfort of man. •
Why should these forests stand longer await
ing their conversion into materials of useful
ness ? It is only for want of a knowledge of
their existence. Through your’s or other useful
publications these facts may be brought to light.
Putnam fob February, has a promising at-
ble of contents, embracing twenty articles.
Jfcuong them are—A Sermon at Notre-Dame;
Works, Wages and Combinations; The Gallows
in America; The Ass in Life and Letters; Intoe
Saddle—on toe Plains, etc. G. P. Putnam &
Son, CGI Broadway.
Hearth and Home.—No. 5 of this new weekly
reached Macon yesterday.
Every Month is a new monthly, published by
C. H. Jones &Co., 108 Fulton street, New York
at §1 50 ayear.
The Pennsylvania Anaconda, lately swallowed
the Cincinnati and Louisville railroad—its track,
stock and franchises. The Pennsylvania Cen
tral is now the mammoth corporation of America,
and is said to control the trade and politics of
Pennsylvania. ___ '* ~
The Hawkinsville Dispatch is informed that
the failure to send it the Telegraph was due
entirely to accident.
There is a large swamp extending from Ma
con to the neighborhood of Hawkinsville, some
forty miles in length and from two to five miles
wide, of rich alluvium, washed from the more
elevated portions of Georgia. In this rich de
posit are found some of the best timbered lands
of Georgia. Then again, below Hawkinsville, is
a similar wide expanse of swamp land. On toe
Flint, and also on the Oconee, are dense forests
of fine timber, only waiting toe woodman’s axe
to repay richly their development in real and
substantial wealth to toe nation, and especially
to the State. When these lands are cleared of
their valuable timber, toe land properly drained
would become toe most productive in Georgia
for com—equal to tbe finest Connecticut valley
lands which sell for from one to three hundred
dollars per acre,- but which now, by neglect of
onr people, can be bought for twenty-five to one
hundred dollars pet lot of two hundred acres.
We need toe enterprise of older States to
open np these fields of wealth andhonor—for it is
honorable to lay hold of toe blessings God in
his kindness has placed within our reach—if we
grasp them not, we lose by neglect that which
by right belongs to the present owners of toe
soil; we should not onlyuso toe present crop
of forest trees, bnt protect and foster toe young
growth for future generations, as toe fanner
plants toe orchard not only for himself and im
mediate family, but ia gratitude, and as a par
tial payment of a debt we owe to toe world and
mankind for what they planted before ns. We
now reap toe rewards of their labor and fore
sight.
But I am diverging from my subject The
many varieties of oak in Georgia give a wide
field of study, in their stately growth and mar
velous beauty as an ornamental tree, as well as
for their timber. To propagate the species, to
come to their full perfection, it is better to plant
tho acorns where you wish them to stand, al
though some few kinds bear transplanting well
and will grow thriftily. Those acorns gathered
from tho ground, fully ripe, are best, and for
transportation should be kept in dry sand to ex
clude the air. They should be planted the same
season, before March.
The longevity of the oak, in some instances,
has been supposed to have reached one thousand
years. There are trees-of tho English variety in
Great Britain which are believed to have been
old trees in the time of William, the Conqueror.
Other remarkable instances of age have been
recorded by ancient and modem writers. Many
of toe patriarchs of onr own forests in Georgia
have waved their wide-spreading branches ere
the white man toad discovered these western
shores—'when nothing was heard but the war-
whoop of the wild warrior roaming through the
dense forests, answered only by the still wilder
hooting owl, or the song of the mocking-bird
from the oak’s tallest round, or the sweet song
sters warbling forth their wild notes of joy and
revelry.
But there is a spirit of reform abroad in the
land. Already one company has been formed, and
others will follow, when the experiment is tested,
that it wiR be profitable to fell these fathers of
toe forest and root np these stumps for ship-
knees and convert the bodies into lumber for
foreign markets. Our mechanics will learn that
this is a proper country to manufacture this lum
ber into hubs, spokes, rims or felloes, planters’
carriages,wagons, plows, barrows, bounds, carts,
yokes, wheelbarrows, tubs, buckets, comshellers,
fanning mills, agricultural implements, and every
article mechanical skill can devise to produce
money out of lumber now worthless for toe want
of energy to apply it to some practical and use-
fulpurpose.
There are openings for several of these facto
ries in this city, without clashing or injuring
other factories already established. Tho great
need of Macon is diversity in manufacturing,
that the interest of each may thereby be bene-
fitted. One in each of these several occupa
tions could be profitably carried on, without
detriment to tho other, and in cotton manufac
turing there cannot be too many, for the reason
that cotton is our chief production, and a simi
lar diversity of fabric can be produced and
shipped to the markets of the world at less cost
than the raw material, by its consuming less
measurement, and by all waste being left behind,
and consequently less weight to transport. We
ought to have a dozen, at least, and toe capital
ought to be forthcoming, thisto start enteiprise
this spring and summer
The work of toe New York Custom-house is done,
more or less, by 1,000 men, at an aggregate yearly
expense, in toe way of salaries, of more than $2,000-
000. Of these men, 205 receive from $750 to $900 a
year each; 163 get $1,000 ; 301 get $1,400; 44 get
$1,500; S3 get 81,600 ; 49get?l,800 ; 37 get $2,000;
82 get $2,500 ; 23 get $3,000; and there arobcBides
these several salaries varying from $3,500 to $5,000
a year. The labor alone in the Appraiser’s Depart
ment costa $150,000 a year, and toe whole yearly ex-
peMSB to toe Government of this 'department is
■ $G00,000. The Collector’s Department costa §50,000
- a year, and that of the Surveyor $750,000.
The New Method ot Shipping fresh
Fruits anti Vegetables North.
A few days ago we extracted into the - Tele
graph; from toe Charleston Courier, a letter re
specting a newly patented contrivance by which
fruits and vegetables could be kept perfectly
fresh during their transmission from toe South
to distant markets in the Northern States, and
delivered in as good order as if just gathered
from the gardens in toe vicinity.
As the trade in Southern fruits and vegetables
is fast developing and soon destined to assume
grand proportions, we have procured for publi
cation the following original letter -from toe pat
entee describing the new process. It will be
seen that it is simply an arrangement by which
a low temperature and a dry atmosphere are
maintained around the. articles shipped.
Upon the same plan, (as toe reader is prob
ably aware,) toe markets of the -Eastern cities
are now daily supplied all toe year round with
fresh meats slaughtered in toe far'West, and toe
time is not distant, when toe beef of Texas will
be transported by the same method to the North
ern and Eastern markets, and daily exposed for
sale in toe market stalls of the-great cities,
It is said that such are >toe antiseptic proper
ties of the atmosphere in this condition that the
most tender fruits and flowers can be preserved
for an almost indefinite period in this way. That
it can be used for preserving great supplies of
tropical fruits—oranges, bananas and pine ap
ples, when toe markets are glutted with them,
and they can be held over, by this method, to
meet the demands of a -gradual consumption.
We were told that ninety thousand dollars had
been offered for the exclusive right to toe prac
tical application of this idea in the city and
suburbs of New York.
We anticipate with confidence, the day when
there will bo as general a diffusion of fresh meats,
fish, vegetables and fruits all over the country
as of any imperishable commodities. But to the
letter, which is dated
West Chester, Pa., January C, 1869.
I suppose that your point of shipment to
New York is Savannah, and I am rather sur
prised that you have shipped strawberries from
your place to New York. I have been a cultiva
tor of fruit and, to a small extent, vegetables for
years,and lately from Southern Maryland and not
a stranger to toe markets of Philadelphia, and
I have found strawberries even from Norfolk,
Virginia, go into toe market in bad condition.
I should think to get your fruit to Northern
markets from Macon you must gather them in
an immature state—my improvement is appli
cable in the preservation of all perishable arti
cles. Peas are a vastly profitable article in the
early markets when shipped in good condition.
I noticed them week after week, in our markets
last summer, from the South, completely
blanched from fermentation and rot, and scarce
ly paying expenses ^hen those less distant, green
and fresh bringing from $7 to $10 per barrel
Now this can all be avoided in shipments from
Savannah, Charleston, Wilmington and other
Southern ports in the adoption of my improve
ment and with but little expense to toe shipper,
compared with the vast increase in the value of
toe produce transported.
Your six to ten aeres of strawberries, if pro
ducing as they do with me in Maryland, deliv
ered in April, or the first of May, in New York
market, ripe and in good condition, would
bring, at the lowest estimate, $10,000, and with
my knowledge of toe Philadelphia and New York
markets in that article, for several years past, I
might venture to increase the estimate to $15,-
000—at that season first class strawberries, in
good condition, will bring $1 50 per quart. I
have known them to sell in Philadelphia at that
season, from our Westchester forcing houses,at
$3 per quart. In this article alone, in an im
provement of the kind I propose introducing,
toe South would be benefitted to toe amount of
hundreds of thousands of dollars annually, but
it is applicable to all kinds of fruits and veget
ables. ‘
My improvement consists in reducing -toe
temperature in the fruit-box to a preserving
point, and this must be done in a dry atmos
phere. The fruit-box is in the ordinary form but
tight, excluding the external air and may be
lined or unlined—the ob j ect in lining would be to
make it a more perfect non-conductor, requiring
less refrigerating material in the interior.
The atmosphere in the interior of toe box is
reduced by the introduction of iee, and its com
pounds, enclosed in a water-tight, and almost
air-tight metalic box, reducing the temperature
to toe desired point. I found by repeated ex
periments that toe two points to. be gained was,
low temperature and dry atmosphere, and to
secure this the refrigerating compound must be
enclosed, otherwise the humidity of toe atmos
phere from melting would increase toe old evils
of rot, to which the common mode is so liable.
In transporting in large quantities by boat or
car, a large apartment can be fixed up holding
tons if required, and toe expense would amount
to almost nothing over the present mode. In
cars, a section, or the whole car can be fitted np
for the purpose and the ice and compounds in
troduced in larger quantities.
I think the strawberry could be shipped from
Charleston or Savannah or Wilmington, at an
expense over toe ordinary mode of transporta
tion not exceeding one cent per quart—this yon
may think a low estimate, it may be, but it could
not exceed two cents per quart, and for veget
ables not over one-fourth of that rate. Tho re
duction of temperature need not be so great.
With this plan your asparagus would go into toe
market as fresh and green as the day it was cut.
I expect to meet with all kinds of opposition
from parties residing within toe reach of those
cities, and who can ship fruits and vegetables
almost daily reaching them without the aid of
improvements. I have had some pretty strong
intimations already of it. They see that any
plan devised to put more Southern productions
into toe market will operate against them. My
letter in the “Courier” was to a gentleman in
Charleston and not intended for publication. It
has flooded me with all kinds of inquiries and
proposals, pamphlets and papers, and given me
more real information of the present industrial
pursuits of too South than I would have received
perhaps for toe next two or three years. I
should like to dispose of an interest in my patent
or have it developed the coming season, testing
it merits. Let me hear from you again on tho
subject.
When do you commence shipping asparagus,
when do strawberries ripen, when do you com
mence shipping peas, potatoes, tomatoes,
peaches, etc ? Very respectfully,.
. J. Rutter.
Condition of Georgia.
The Atlanta Constitution has the following,
which should be incorporated among toe mass
of testimony to the peace and good order of the
State, in the hands of Mr. Tift:
Peace and Order, and Harmony Throughout
the State.—A prominent and reliable Republi
can informs us that ho has taken it upon him
self to inquire of the Sheriffs, Clerks and Ordin-
arics, in attendance on the Convention, in this
city, as to the condition of affairs in their sev
eral localities. One hundred and thirteen coun
ties were represented, among the officers of
which his inquiries were general. He gives as
toe result, that without a single exception they,
report the prevalence of peace, quiet and good
order. A land feeling exists between the white
and colored population. The people are ani
mated by a common purpose to obey the laws,
preserve order and good feeling and devote
themselves to their individual pursuits.
Our own information, derived from the same
sources, though more limited, is confirmatory of
the above. - •> ■
Washington Correspondence of t3f« deucy will be downward for yean, to corns ,
Haeon Telegraph. ma y not oome until May, but I believe and w!
Washington, D. C., January 11, 1869. • it will oome by the middle of February thats
Editors Telegraph : The extreme Radicals in people of toe South may not be seduced b >
Congress, aided by carpet-bag committees, (self- high price into the neglect of provisions^
appointed,) and scalawags outside, are endeavor- , huge cotton plantings. * 0< *
ing to perpetrate a high-handed outrage upon j That the enhancement of price is not d
toe sovereign State of Mississippi. They have to the state of trade is evident from the
presented a plan to the House Reconstruction that merchants and manufacturers are e ^
Committee, which provides for the selection of ! where overstocked with goods, which they
a sufficient number of Democratic counties— , not sell, because the people have not the m
enough to control majorities, in the aggregate to buy, or rather to pay; that even prelert
amounting to eleven thousand—and throw out' prices cannot continue is clear from the fa-*
their votes. The success of this base scheme | that all toe goods in the hands of merchants and
would effectually place the State in the hands i manufacturers, and all the stock of old coh
of the black and white carpet-baggers and South
ern renegades, and toe “Black and Tan” Consti
tution, which toe people rejected, would be de-
on hand must take toe benefit of the rise before
it can reach the present crop. Merchants and
manufacturers will not sell what they have on
dared adopted. The fact that Mississippi is a j hand, at old prices, knowing that they must u»
reconstructed State, is regarded by these polit- j for new supplies more than they get for whs
ical doctore as -of little consequence. This is j they now have. Merchants here are already
not the first effort made (and with success) by j advancing their prices. *
the dominant party in Congress to control State j The people of toe South are the only pernfe
elections by a joint resolution. In turning out of this country who are able to pay. Their bqI
Voorhies, of Indiana, the Radicals declared that icy now is to economise, even to penuriouaneas
—to sell their cotton and put it into gold. By
holding on to their cotton, they may get mor#
than to sell at present; but toe danger is, tbt
they may hold on until toe trouble comes, when
they will be sure to get less in currency which
will be worth much less than it is now. By sell-
none of the Democratic^ votes, or voters for Voor
hies, in an entire voting precinct, should be
counted.
It is a speedy and unique way these Radicals
have of peipetuiiing their benign influence
over toe country, and giving tone (God save
toe mark) to the best government the world
ever saw.
The joint resolution of General Banks, Chair
man of the House Committee on foreign affairs,
providing for a protectorate on the part of the
United States over the Islands of San Domingo
and Hayti, is toe subject of considerable com
ment here to-day. In diplomatic circles it is
pronounced as a cover for a grand filibustering
scheme, and it is said that we might as well pro
pose to seize those Islands at once, and have
done with it General Butler, who takes stock
in all manner of sensations, is mixed up in toe
affair, and rumor plaoes him at the veiy front
of the movement. Although toe General declines
to talk upon toe subject, it is said that he has
been hand and glove with toe leaders of toe
Cuban revolution for some time, and has en
couraged them by promises, indirectly given, of
using his influence to arouse the sympathies of
toe nationalLegislature in their behalf. Although
the joint resolution above mentioned only
speaks of Hayti and San Domingo, it is thought
by many to mean Cuba. It is certain that Gen.
Butler will support toe proposition when pre
sented for the consideration of toe House, and
further, that toe first intimation of the affair,
which reached toe public ear came directly from
him.
The old and warm friends of the “Monroe
Doctrine” are bitterly opposed to the resolution
on the principle of “ sauce for toe goose, sauce
for the gander,” and assert that the measure
will find but little favor in Congress. Aside
from toe fact that the resolution will be submit
ted to the House without the approval of the
Committee on Foreign Affairs, it comes into
Congress loaded with toe prejudices attached to
all toe schemes of Mr. Seward for territorial ac
quisition.
Sister Franoes Xazier, accompanied by two
other Sisters of Charity from Charleston, S. C.,
are now here urging Congress to vote an appro
priation for the purpose of rebuilding the Cath
olic hospital in that city which was destroyed by
toe shells from the Federal batteries on Morris’
Island during toe war.
It is rumored on the streets this morning that
toe Virginia Committee, now assembled here
for toe purpose of having the pending constitu
tion in their State so amended as to provide for
universal suffrage and universal amnesty, are
likely to meet with success. Several Senators
and Members who have been consulted on the
subject, express their willingness to vote for an
act of Congress to cany out these designs. I
have little faith iu the rumor, or in the promises
of the Senators and members. The Radicals
are famous for making the fairest of promises
which toey never keep. The under current is
too strong, and I predict that the Virginia Com
mittee will be forced very soon to go home,
empty handed. #
The season of fashionable gaiety in Washing
ton has fairly begun, and from this time onward
balls, parties and matinees will follow each oth
er in constant succession, day and night, until
Lent- comes on to put a stop to frivoltiy,of that
large and preponderating number of the beau
monde who, at least outwardly, observe toe de
vout season when toe flesh is mortified and fish
exalted; and at its termination these amusements
are resumed, but with lessened spirit, frequency
and numbers, for the winter birds of passage
then begin rapidly to take wing. The number
of this class who are attracted to Washington,
merely by its advantages as a sort of winter water
ing place, gay and brilliant when the dancing
halls of Saratoga and Newport are closed and
silent,is much larger than is generally supposeed.
And when we add to them the army of office-
seekers, prosecutors of claims and applicants
for franchises of numberless varieties, and frpm
every part of toe land, it is no wonder that
guests cover the floors, and, it is generally sup
posed, hang pendant from hooks in our large
hotels and boarding-houses. Kentuck.
JVcw York Correspondence of the Tel
egraph.
City Failures and Trade—DuB Times—West
ern Trade and Affairs in that Quarter—Sug
gestions to the South— Vr*hy Cotton is High—
Prices cani-ot Continue—Planters should Sell.
New York, January 15, 1869.
Messrs. Editors: Two or three weeks since,
Lathrop, Luddington <fc Co., the third or fourth
largest dry goods house in this city, failed.
They had been preceded by several others du
ring the month of December, and will be joined
by many others in the course of the spring.
Trade has been very dull all the fall and thus
far of the winter; in fact, during toe whole year
tradesfolk have been suffering and building upon
their hopes of better times in the future.
The West has paid up butpoorly, and no pros
pect of anything bettor for the future, as the
fanners have realized much less than they ex
pected for their produce, and could not, there
fore, pay their merchants; at least, so say the
papers here. The merchants here who did not
wont Southern trade, last spring, summer and
fall, are now bewailing their mistake, and the
only hope for a good spring trade is from the
South.
Now, I propose to offer to the South a few
suggestions through your paper. The South is
to-day the richest portion of this continent, and
if the people are wise may remain so.
The present price of cotton is not the result of
toe present wa^ta of trade, nor of itB future
prospects, but the result of the plethora of
money, and the want of secure investments.—
Capitalists are the most timid of all men, and
are toe first to draw in their heads like toe tari-
pins when they see, or think they see danger,
and keep them drawn in the longest; but they
are toe most restless of all men when their
money does not yield a profit, and they get
get after a while, where they will incur almost
any risk of toe principal and all risk of princi
ple, for toe prospect of a large interest.
As cotton is nearer to gold than anything else,
and often promises a large profit, toe idle capi
tal of England and this country has gone into it
and produced a speculative demand and price.
How far it will go now there is no telling—pro
bably to thirty-five cents ; but no matter where
it goes, or where it stops, it is merely a specula
ing more and putting their currency into gold,
they will be certain in toe end, of much more
than any price in currency will yield them. The
adoption of toe policy I here indicate vifi
make the South at the end of this year and be.
fore the end of it, the richest people on this
continent. Observer.
Indian War Ended.
A dispatch from Gem Sherman, announces
the voluntary surrender of toe chief men of the
Indian tribes, and toe substantial termination of
the war. This dispatch accompanies a comma,
nication from Sheridan, dated the 1st instant, at
Fort Cobb, in which he says:
The destruction of toe Commanche village by
Colonel Evans’ cammand gave the final blow to
toe backbone of toe Indian rebellion. At twelve
o’clock on the night of toe 31st of December, a
delegation of the chief men of. the Cheyennes
and Araphoes, twenty-one in number, arrived at
this place on foot, their animals not being able
to bring them. They said they wanted permis
sion for their people to come in, asking no terms,
but only for a paper to protect them. from toe
operations of our troops while en route. They
report the tribes in mourning for their losses,
their people starving, their ponies dying, their
dogs all eaten up andno buffalo. We had forced
them into the commons on the eastern edge of
the staked plains, where there were no small
game or buffalo. They are in a bad fix, and de
sire to surrender unconditionally. I acceeded
to toeir terms, and will punish them justly, and
I can scarcely make an error in any punishment
awarded, for they all have blood upon toeir
heads.
Yesterday we received a few papers, the first
for a month, and I see it alleged by Indian
agents, that Black Kettle’s band were on their
reservation at toe time they were attacked.
This is a falsehood. The reservation extends
bnt thirty miles up the Ouchita from Fort Cobb.
The battle took place one hundred and twenty
miles np that stream from here. It was also
alleged that the band was friendly. No one
could make such an assertion who had any re
gard for truth. The young men of this band
commenced the war. I can give toeir names.
Some of Black Kette’s young men were out dep
redating at Fort Dodge when toe village was
wiped out. The mules taken from too trains,
the mail matter carried by our murdered cou
riers, the photographs stolen from toe scenes of
outrages on toe Solomon and Saline rivers, in
Kansas, were found in the captured camp, and
in addition to having their own illustrated his
tory found in toeir captured camps, showing the
different fights or murders, this tribe were en
gaged in. The trains attacked, toe parties at
tacked about Fort Wallace, and the women,
citizens and soldiers killed, are at toe service of
any one desiring information on toe subject
It should be known also that I invited Black
Kettle and his family to come in through the
Araphoe Chief, Southern Rover, in my interview
•with that Chief at Fort Dodge in September last.
They did not come.
Where the Mules Come From.
The following little article, from toe Paris
(Ky.) Citizen, throws some light on the mule
wonder.. For three weeks a.regular stream of
them has passed through Nashville, day and
night, astonishing every one, and making every
one ask the question, “Where do too mules
come from?”
There has been a greater stir among the mule
traders for toe last ten days than has been known
for a longtime. Upon an average, at least one
hundred mnles have daily passed through this
place en route for market. The Lexington pa
pers report the shipment of three thousand from
that point during toe past week for the South.
There were a number of droves from adjoin
ing counties, all of which, we understand, were
for toe Southern market.
Robert Owens, of this county, shipped one
hundred head of mules last Friday, and sixty
head on Saturday, forty of which were for Mem
phis, and the balance for Mississippi.
Silas Evans shipped about SO head last Friday
morning for the South.
Nathan Bayless started South with 60 head on
Sunday morning.
Buck Letton and Jos. Hodges left yesterday
with 75 head of mules and a few horses for
Atlanta, Ga.
Horace Miller telegraphed us from Centralia,
HI., on the 31st, that he would ship immediately
for this point, 100 of the finest broke mules he
ever saw together, 14i to 15 hands high.
W. M. Baldwin, of Macon county, starts South
to-day 33 head of large fine mnles which he in
tends driving throngh.
Jessie Turney returned last Tuesday from
Middle Georgia, and reports trade, rather brisk
at that time. He sold sixty bead at fair profits.
Sol. Spears returned last week from the Yazoo
countrjr, Mississippi, where he disposed of 50
head, in a short time, at prices ranging from
$150 to $225.
The Fall or Turkey.
“A Veteran Observer” thus writes to the New
York Times:
The position of Russia now is such that sh*
only needs railroads to make her entirely in
vincible in the Oriental World. With one foot
on the Amoor, and toe other on toe Black Sea.
she spans a distance double as great as that
from New York to San Francisco, while on the
South, commanding the Caspian, she can march
armies to Erzeroum and the Euphrates without
difficulty. If Russia were ambitious she would
do so, but she really is not, because she has all
which ambition can demand. In the meanwhile,
England and France, for fear of a power which
shows no desire of conquest—and if it did they
could not check—undertakes to uphold the dark,
anti-civilized, anti-Christian power of Moham
med ! Do they think to stay toe avenging arm
of toe Almighty when He puts it forth? It is
not difficult to see that—that toe very progress
of arts and freedom will overthrow all such
schemes. Russia has now 75,000,000 of people,
four-fifths of whom are agricultural, the hardiest
race in the world. In toe meanwhile we have
nearly 40,006,000,free and determined,who have
already reached the shores of toe Pacific, and
are navigating the rivers of China. The ava
lanche is preparing, and it is as vain as it is*
anti-Christian, for Christian Powers to attempt
to prevent the decline and fall of the Mohamme
dan imposture.
The President and the Amnesty Proc*
tarnation.
A dispatch in toe Louisville Courier-Journal,
dated the 6th at Washington, says:
Some time ago, President Johnson prepared
a message to toe Senate, vindicating his right
to declare universal amnesty. The text of this
message was shown to and warmly approved by
several Conservative statesmen, but for some
reason the President has not sent it in. It is
understood that Mr. Evarts and Mr. Seward en
tirely indorse toe message, but they advise
against forwarding it to toe Senate on _ the
ground that toe resolution of inquiry to which
the message responds was purely impertinent,
and that the President is not responsible to the
Senate for any of his actions, excepting in cases
of impeachment.
Fort Lafayette, in toe New York harbor—or
! what remains of it since the fire—is to be torn
tion, which must of necessity come to an end dowQ) it being useless as a defence to toe hor-
vory suddenyl, and with ruinous results to all, bor. The improved artillery, it seems, will re-
holders, when -it does oome; and then its ten- * quire better forts than we now have.
