About Weekly Georgia telegraph. (Macon [Ga.]) 1858-1869 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 19, 1869)
The Gi-eorgia Weekly Telegraph. THE TELEGRAPH. MACON, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1869. The Situation in Cnba. Tho prospects of the insurrection in Cuba have wonderfully brightened •within the last few weeks. Instead of the government troops making headway against the Insurgents, the 1st* ter seem to be growing stronger and stronger every day. Gen. Dulce, the new Captain Gen eral sent out by the home government, landed at Havana about six weeks ago and issued sev eral grandiloquent proclamations, offering “am nesty,” “pardon," “representation," etc., to all who would lay down their arms. These docu ments were couched in that bombastic, self-con fident style, characteristic of the Spanish gran dee when ho is in the role of a Governor of a Province, or the General of an army. But these paper pellets had no other effect than to inflame the revolutionists. Instead of the rebels coming en masse into Havana and ask ing forgiveness, many went out of that city and joined “the rebels.” Dulce then sent home for reinforcements, which ho obtained to the number of three thou sand. When they arrived, we were told the re bellion would be put down in short order. But about tho only effective campaign they have yet made was against the unarmed audience in the Tacon Theatre, where they killed and wounded many citizens of Havana, including several ladies. But is this an insurrection ? ' Are its partici pants rebels? A Havana newspaper says: “Wo are all insurrectionists. The Provisional Gov ernment is insurrectionary; Gen. Dulce is an insurgent ? Cespedes is on insurgent'’ All very true. Pot calls the kettle “ black face." Dulce and his troops in Cuba belong to the rebel firm of Prim, Serrano & Co., who drove Queen Isa bella from the Spanish throne. The Cuban rebels are, therefore, simply rebelling against rebels. Who knows but Gen. Grant may take a hand in this Cuban imbroglio ? Such a movement would be very popular with the party which elected him. The annexation of Cuba, to the United States, has long been regarded as an event sure to happen, sooner or later, and the friends of such a measure will, perhaps, never find a better pretext than is presented now. Caterpillar Cocoons. We have received from a correspondent in Baker county, whose note we published yester day, the box of twigs from the cotton plant, to which are suspended tho same kind of cocoons plucked last year by Mr. Johnson, of Jones .county, from his Arbor Vito trees. The cocoon is two inches in length, and three quarters of an inch in diameter in the centre or the largest part. It is covered externally with small pieces of the cotton stem firmly agglutinated to on in ner coat which contains the grub. This inner coat is of parchment-like consistency on the exterior, and within, has a soft, nappy surface of the most delicate character. It is attached to the cotton twig or branch from which it hangs suspended, by a band of the same material, and both the sack and band are of immense strength. The sack we find to contain a dark brown grub in a state of suspended animation. We are told it emerges in the form of a brilliant butterfly.— We do not think that this cocoon and its inmate have any connection with the genome army worm which is so destructive to cotton. Mr. Johnson wrote us that it made havoc with his Arbor Vito trees, and very probably it may also prey upon the cotton plant; but it is not, as we suppose, what is commonly known as the cotton - caterpillar. The Opera. We in these wooden parts of Christendom, seldom get a chance to hear classical music, and, in consequence, relish it all the more when it comes. We have repeatedly listened to an ex purgated rendition of Opera in Ralston's Hall— with a comparatively feeble company, and an orchestra conspicuous for its deficiences, with far greater zest than we have heard the same in a splendid Opera House—with a full company— munificent orchestral accompaniments, gorgeous scenery and all the other adjnncts of Opera in its grandest developement. Appetite had pro bably a great deal to do with it. A comfortable meal to the hungry is better that a feast of the gods to the full. Then, too, our little Ralston's Hall has splen did acoustic properties, and the solo, duett, the trio and quartette are far more effective in that little house than in a hall of more magnificent proportions. But, be the cause what it may, we listen often with sublime satisfaction to our Ma con opera. That was the case on Thursday night. Martha (a good part of it) was produced with remarka ble spirit and effect. The singing and acting were remarkably good. Frederiei has a voice of great compass and sings with much taste and spirit Zeigler unites rare vocal qualifications with great histrionic ability. Himmer is a splen did tenor, and you may travel far before hearing a better. Plunket, Bach, Steinecke and Wein- lich are all first-class artists and fine actors, and we have never seen an opera carried through with more spirit and effect The performance was highly appreciated by the audience and everybody went away delight ed. To-night (Friday) we have Fra Diavola, and to-morrow (Saturday) the season winds up with that magnificent Opera, II Trovatore—the grand est and best of all Operas to our taste. We re gret that the season of Lent prevents the attend ance of so many of the opera-goers. It is such an entertainment as we have not had in Macon for a long time. Think of Corn. The Griffin Star says planters in that region are buying heavily of fertilizers and talking much of cotton, but they say little about com, though many are already short. Com will be king next year, and he will have some very sore subjects. The Sutler and Bingham Set-to in the House. The row of Wednesday is appropriately sup plemented by the passage between Bingham and Butler in the House yesterday. See telegrams. Atm x Going !—We see plantation wagons are already busy hauling out the Western Com.— The mules are poor, and look sick. Their bray ing is lugubrious. Often the wagon wheels are not greased, and go groaning along the high ways, screaming out, “Boughten Com—Bought- en Com,” every five yards. The negro drivers have a startled and wall-eyed appearance, as if they knew no good could come of it. One of them told us so, the other day. “ Boss," says he, “de debbil always gets into the empty com crib. Dathedoes—sure. Hi, jes look at her— wharyergwine, Nancy?” And so he cracked up his leader and his old wagon shrieked and groaned along the road with that pitiful wail— Boughten com—boughten com. Tax mules in Middle Georgia have called a convention for the purpose of protesting againBt the policy of abandoning the cultivation of com in this State. They say that suoh a thing as fat plantation mules on “broughten com” was nev er known in Georgia. That when corn-growing is abandoned the crib is never full and the feed always scant. Fed low to save expenses and worked hard to make cotton, existence becomes a burden—ribs become prominent nn,l life pre carious. The mules are determined upon a de monstration. Atlantic and Gnlf Railroad Report. The Fourteenth Annual Report of this road appears in the Savannah Morning News of the 11th. Its gross receipts for the year ending Slst December last, were $603,059.00, showing a net decrease upon receipts the year before of $16,- 815.75. The operating expenses of the road do not appear to be given in the President’s report, bnt he remarks that the floating liabili ties of the road have been reduced during the year from $576,926.41 to $153,433.05. The falling off in the receipts of the road is attribu ted to the rapid exhaustion of the crop of 1867, and the depredations upon the crop of 1868 by the worms—to the connections of the Pensacola and Georgia Railroad Company with termini at Jacksonville and Femandina, and the competi tion of the Central and Southwestern Companies •with the operations of the Atlantic and Gnlf for the trade of the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers, by which the rival companies themselves, as the report alleges, confess to a loss in combatting the least expensive route from those points to Savannah. The report says: The effect and the only effect of this compe tition. so far as tbia company is concerned, has been to diminish the amount of profits which it had never before enjoyed from this source. It was, however, forced to carry at averaged rates. At full rates its receipts from this source would not only have been doubled, but wonld have de veloped a considerable increase in the gross re ceipts of 1868 as compared with those of 1867. The gross freight receipts show a small in crease, while the net receipts from the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers balance by nearly double the whole loss from freights derivable from all other sources. It is therefore manifest that the small reduc tion in the comparative receipts of this compa ny, or the failure to obtain an increase is not justly attributable to the resistance it has en countered on the Flint and Chattahoochee riv ers. It is wholly traceable to a partial diver sion of its Florida business to a diminution of its passage receipts, and to the well known dis- sum. aster which has befallen the cotton crop of Southern Georgia and Florida. We append the following upon the Macon & Brunswick and Albany & Thomasville roads: During the passed year two important enter prises have become intimately connected with the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, viz: The “South Georgia and Florida Railroad” now be ing constructed between Thomas ville and Alba ny, and the Macon & Brunswick Railroad be tween Macon and Brunswick. The cordial co-operation which this Company has evinced in these enterprises, has, in some measure, grown out of the necessity of self-pro- tection against the antagonism of the Central and Southwestern Railroad Companies. As a measure of self-protection, co-operation in tho construction of the South Georgia and Florida Railroad was the more necessary, because as an extension of the Southwestern Railroad, it wonld have penetrated at Thomasville to the most vital point of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad. It became evident early in the summer of 1868, that a determined effort would be made to build the South Georgia and Florida Railroad, and as the means of its company did not appear sufficient to consummate this end, application was first made for the assistance of this com pany. which finally assented to a contract by which the South Georgia and Florida railroad should be delivered in sections of not less than ten miles, this company to pay seven per cent, per annum of the actual cost of each section when delivered complete, and when the whole road shall have been completed, then to issue its guaranteed seven per cent, stock for the whole actual cost of the same, and the road to become a branch of the Atlantic and Gulf railroad. In the meantime the State of Georgia had granted its endorsement on the bonds of the South Georgia and Florida Railroad Company to the amount of $8,000 per mile, and the early con struction of the road became no longer a matter of doubt. It was immediately placed under contract and the rails purchased on highly ad vantageous terms. The work is now proceeding with celerity, and one-twelfth of the grading is already accomplished. The whole road, about fifty-eight miles in length, will probably be com pleted in the autumn of this year. The construction of the Macon and Brunswick Railroad was begun in the summer of 1868, and has since been pursued with vigor and rapidity. Strong efforts will be made to complete it early in the coming winter. It crosses the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad at a point between Station Nos. 5 and 6. fifty-seven miles from the city of Savannah. This point is distant forty miles from the port of Brunswick, and one hundred and forty-seven miles from the city of Macon, making the distance from Macon to Brunswick one hundred and eighty-seven miles, and to Sa vannah two hundred and four miles via the At lantic and Gulf Railroad. This road is located upon a line of extremely low gradients and with an extraordinary absence of curvature. The Macon and Brunswick Railroad Compa ny. seeking to obtain an advantageous connec tion with the city of Savannah, as well as the port of Brunswick, has executed a contract of close alliance with this Company, which must FROM EARLY COUNTY. prove beneficial to both Companies, and amply protect the interests of Savannah; without dam aging those of Brunswick. The construction of these roads will complete the record of the efforts of this Company since the war up to this period. “I thought as X gazed on the fUcc of the Dead.” The Washington correspondent of that lively Radical sheet, the Cincinnati Commercial, got up one foggy morning in Washington, the other day, and fell into what the senior Weller styles, ‘a referee." He began to compare the present with the past, and to look forward with boding thoughts nto futurity. In short, he took the rues, and here is what he says: l I thought, as I gazed through the hazy at mosphere over the Potomac at the beloved cap ital of my country, that, after all, the victory we had gained was not such a comfortable vic tory. In the conflict of the two civilizations, as we call them, I am not so certain we have tho better. Such little minds as Seward and Sum ner find that of a conqnered people a civilization based on slavery. What shallow stuff. It was A civilization based on home. The love of fam ily, the affection for the household, the pride of State, which meant the locality, where the attri butes were found, are the characteristics of southern civilization, and existed independent of slavery. Our civilization of New England has no true sense of home, no love of the household, no affection for a locality. Wo have the barbaric pride of display. We emigrate and build up to emigrate again. Our idea of government means empire and force. There is no repose, no quiet, no heartfelt affection for the peaceful home and the sacred household gods that create the heroic. We have wide fields, but they are not ours. We have palaces but they are not homes. We have telegraphs, railroads, huge factories, great cities, and a world-wide commerce, but we have no retd hap piness. We are Arabs in boots and our masters are theirs. “The late lamented Lincoln, m his quaint dedication address of tho Gettysburg Cemetery, said the soldiers had died a heroic death that we might have ‘a Government of the people, by the people, and for the people.’ As the flag fluttered above me, and the winds sang mourn fully among the pines, and the long shadows stole out over the waters, I looked at the dome of our capitol, and thought how ‘the Govern ment of the people, by the poeple, and for the people.’ was directing its vast powers so as to crush the poor and strengthen the wealthy; how harlots intrigned and thieves reigned; how under that dome there swarmed, as under a hive, thousands on thousands of greedy, selfish, and unprincipled men, and I wended my way back, far from happy over the famous victory we boast of.” Running Out. Speaking of the scarcity of hands and the rapid decay of the negro race in the South, the Montgomery Advertiser of Thursday says: A gentleman living near Montgomery says that on a plantation near this city, where before the war there were about thirty women at least fifteen children were bom each year, and that out of the same number of women last year on the same place one child was bom. This is not an isolated instance. The mothers seem to have no remorse of conscience and resort to every means to destroy their offspring. Even the young children of four and five years of age are dying out rapidly. In the olden time the whites looked after their health, employed phy sicians and took as much care of the black chil dren as they did of the white. Now the ne groes look after their children, in their own way, and the consequence is a fearful mortality among them. The whites are not able now to employ nurses, doctors, and to famish food and medicines for the negroes, or they wonld still willingly do so. The Value and Product or Georgia Lauds—A State Scheme suggested for the encouragement of Foreign Immigration. Correspondence of the Telegraph.] The Telegraph prints an advertisement offer ing a first class plantation, in probably the most desirable farming locality in the State, worth, at the gold values of 1860, twelve or fifteen dol lars per acre, for five dollars in currency. This place will yield a crop worth, at the ruling pri ces of our present market, $25,000; to make which crop a cash expenditure of less than $7,000 for mules, provisions, etc., is required. Exchanging thirty bags of cotton for a property worth in gold $10,000 may well be considered a good trade, for it is simply a question of time, and these lands will bring their actual, intrinsic value. When greenbacks are at par, i. e., when they come to represent and equal in commercial value, the coin the Government promises to pay, then, and not before, will our country be in a healthy and prosperous condition. Until that day, the only safe investment is in real estate, and long before that day these lands will double in value, or approximate their intrinsic worth. So long as such laud is unsaleable, the nation is sick, diseased and weak. While land is thus offered at less than the cost of the fencing, it would be a wise stroke of pol icy for the State to purchase largely and offer a homestead to non-residents who may become actual settlers, residing on and cultivating the land. Georgia wants more fanners, laborers— producers. We have an abundance—“enough and to spare ” of merchants, lawyers, doctors, et id omne gen us. Ten thousand farmers added to our present number, and judiciously distrib uted throughout the limits of the commonwealth, in ten years would be worth to us an untold Immigration once started will steadily in crease, as the personal influence of each settler would draw others. Let the State purchase fifty thousand acres in fifty different counties, and appropriate fifty thousand dollars to cover tho expenses of ob taining settlers from other States and Europe, This will require say three hundred thousand dollars, to meet which she will sell bonds, bear ing six per cent interest and due in thirty years, the interest on which will be eighteen thousand dollars. We have three propositions to consider : 1st Can the proposed immigration be ob tained? 2d. If obtained will the income from the set tlers cover the annual expense of interest and liquidate the bonds within time specified for their maturity ? 3d. Will the bonds command a market ? In regard to the first question,it is pertinent to remark that thousands of fore gners come to this country and purchase homes in the “wilds of the West.” The price of land varies with them from one to twenty-five dollars per acre. For the most part they obtain unimproved lands in re mote localities, which theyclear, fence and im prove only at the cost of extraordinary labor, hardship and suffering, and it is two or three years before they gain sufficient headway to produce remunerative crops. Here they will find homes in the midst of every advantage within the gift of a highly enlightened society, and land ready for the plow. The diversity of our crops and their value, as compared with the products of the North and the mildness of our climate, are considerations which will not fail to control such emigration as we desire, if intelligence, energy and money is expended. Secondly, will the scheme pay ? It is a low estimate to calculate upon five hundred produ cers being added to onr present number ; taking the single product of cotton, and two bales to the settler, and reckoning the price at ten cents per pound, and we have fifty thousand dollars annu ally added to the wealth of the State. But our new settlers being small farmers will raise a variety of crops, and in this connection it is proper to consider what each farm will probably yield, and the following figures are of interest: ACRES. DOLLARS. 1 in cotton, 250 lbs., $25 and 500 farms 12,500 1 in potatoes, 200 bushels, $100 and 500 farms 50,000 1 in wheat, 10 bushels, $20. and 500 farms... 10,000 1 in rice, 25 bushels, $25. and 500 farms.... 22,500 1 in cane, 300 gab syrup, $300, and 500 farms 150,000 1 in oats, 10 busheis, $10, and 600 farms.... 5,000 1 in tobacco, 800 lbs., $400. and 500 farms. .200,000 1 in corn, 10 bushels, $10, and 500 farms.... 5,000 The acre in com yielding, also 5 bushels of peas worth $5, and $4 worth of fodder. Total number of farms 4,500 Total yield of 4000 acres $449,500 In this estimate we have 46,000 acres yielding no revenue, and only reckon 8 acres in cultiva tion for each settler, but each acre averages 0112 30, showingthat when the 50,000 acres are m cultivation the crop of the State will be in creased $561,500,000. But say only half of the land is planted, that is to say 50 acres to each homestead, and we still have $280,750,000, which is to bear a tax of $18,000 a year for thir ty years, and provide means to pay off the $300,000 of bonds. It is well to consider, at this point, that the production of the acre is under the average yield of onr second quality lands when cultivated exclusively by white la bor, and also, that the last cotton crop of the State at 20 cents per pound will not bring into Georgia over $29,000,000 of money. Lastly, will tho bonds sell ? In the first place, land owners, realizing the scarcity of labor, will gladly part with their surplus land for State bonds in order the accruing interest will pay the taxon the balance. Those who believe the scheme fea sible, will have more confidence than ever in the ability of the State to meet her liabilities. The credit of Georgia will increase with the value of her cropB, and, while creating this debt, she provides ample means for its payment. Within the limits of the space assigned the present paper, we may but briefly glance at some considerations of interest; in the discussion of this paper: A private individual, projecting projects, ne- oessarily limits their magnitude so they may be accomplished within the course of his natural life. Hence, most schemes are arranged so they may be perfected within ten, twenty or thirty years. That is to say, the ultimate advantage is expected to accrue within a given space. Not so with a State. Governments look, or should look, to the welfare of future generations, and any legislation that will advance the fortunes of our children, without inflicting upon us too heavy a burdens, should bo adopted. Thus far, we make no estimate of the quantity of money immigration will bring into the coun try, which may be safely calculated to average fifty dollars per bead. Nor have we regarded the fact that the numbers will be augmented by births and by an immigration increasing yearly in proportion to the influence and importance of the first settlers. Private individual enterprize can do little or nothing towards creating a material immigra tion, for reasons evident to alL The word “settler” is coined for the sake of its descriptive character. J. M. M., Jr. The Colton Caterpillar. Newton, Ga., February 6. Editors Maeon Telegraph : I have seen great deal written recently about the cotton cat erpillar, and I have found some webbed up in my cotton field and I send them to you. Per haps some of our knowing ones can suggest something that will destroy them. Just as you see them attached to the cotton limb, they hang, and if you will take your knife and cut the end of the cell you can shake ont the genuine cater pillar. So much for all the opinions of men about their going in the ground and in the stalk, etc. Yours respectfully, Wat. H. Hoooaud. FmmizKss in Southern Georgia.—The South Georgia Times of the 10th announces that fertilizers are “beginning to pour into Southern Georgia,” and adds the following : Our people are rapidly waking up to the im portance of small farms highly cultivated. They are just beginning to learn the use of fertilizers. A few have better understood their importance, but want of transportation and the war have been in the way, so that they have been only partially used. If we were to solve into brief phase, our own experience and judgment in the matter, we would word it about thus : Make all the manure you can on your place. Add all toe fertilizers you can afford to buy. But be sure you get toe genuine. Plant less. Work welL Have faith in Provideaoe for result Texas Correspondence of the Tele graph Speculations upon Gen. Grant—Sain and Sigh Water—Cotton receipts—Central Railroad— Richardson's Texas Almanac—Hard Winter on Stock—Beef Packing—State Contention. Richmond, Texas, February 3, 1869. If South Carolina sneezed when Mr. Calhoun inhaled a pinch of snuff, a whole nation does the same thing when Grant puts his hand in toe snuff box, acknowledging the pleasant tihlla- tions in a grand sneeze, even before the lid is removed. Congress, or one branch of it, re peals with almost indecent haste, a law that is barely suspected of being distasteful to him, although they impeached his predecessor, and tried to impale him, too, for expressing a doubt of the expediency and constitutionality of toe law in question. Pleasantry aside, no man in America ever had it in his power to accomplish as much good as General Grant has, and no man in either hem isphere ever had the road as smoothly paved to the temple of undying fame, as that which now lies before the incoming President. Let us hope that he will travel it. Last week there was rain four days. The Bra zos is fuller than it has known to be for a num ber of years at this se ason, causing a suspension of the work on the railroad bridge at this place, which we trust will only he a tempomry sus pension, as it interferes seriously with the transmission of freights. The receipts of cotton at Galveston and Hous ton are largely in excess of what they were last year at tho same time. The future prosperity of these cities, neighbors and rivals, tho right and left bowers of the State, is as fixed and cer tain as anything in toe future can be. The Central Railroad is pushingits serpentine length into the Northwest with its numerous giant arms, in the shape of tap roads, extending into the country on the right and left. The com pany has plenty of fnnds, and it is the determi nation of toe managers—who are as fully charged with energy as a telegraphic battery with elec tricity—to push toe road through with all pos sible speed. Money is potent, in the hands of competent men, to insure material success. Those who desire special information with re gard to Texas, ought to secure a copy of “Rich ardson’s Texas Almanac.” It costs only a dol lar and a quarter, and, I suppose, is on sale among newsdealers. If not, it can be had by addressing the publisher, whose name it hears, at Galveston. It contains about three hundred pages of reading matter, and its statistical in formation, outside of that relating to Texas, is abundantly worth toe money it costs. The winter being so wet, has been very hard on stock. Freedmen who do not like steady employment, are making a good thing of skin ning dead animals in some localities. There are several beef packeries on this river. Your readers will think it an unpardonable waste of good beef, when informed that the hide and tallow, hoofs, horns and bones alone are saved at some of these establishments. The packers pay seven dollars a head, specie, for beeves, and still have a margin for profit, not withstanding the wholesale waste of. what in other places are the most valuable parts of the animal. I wrote last week, as I try to do every week, but toe freedman to whom it was intrusted with several others, lost them before reaching that useful bureau of Uncle Sam’s, the postoffice. You and your readers lost nothing, and I only a few postage stamps, but I thought I would ac count for my non-arrivaL The Convention was still in session at last advices, but the division of the State has fortunately been defeated. The best act of the body, though it seems a long time in coming, like many other good things—will be when it adjourns sine die. Par Fois. General Assembly of Georgia. REPORTED SPECIALLY FOB THE MACON DAILY TELEGRAPH. PROCEEDINGS OF THURSDAY. Is a Ton per Acre too Each ? I am very anxious to know whether a ton of Peruvian guano, or any other of the well known commercial fertilizers, can be profitably used on one acre of cotton, and whether the same per cent, on the investment can be expected from the application of twenty hundred as from two hundred weight ? I request an answer through tho columns of tho Daily Telegraph, because it would take a month or two to get one through toe Cultivator, and now is tho time to know. The question is of the utmost impor tance, since if say four hundred pounds increase the yield one hundred per cent., and land that will, without manure, produce six hundred pounds of cotton to the acre can be made, by toe help of seventy-five dollars worth of guano, to yield three thousand pounds, or two bales, then five acres will produce ten bales. We certainly cannot get more than ten bags to the hand picked—hardly five. Then what is the use of planting ten or fifteen acres to tho hand when five or perhaps three, will give all that can be gathered ? Why not save the extra fencing, and many other extras ? I single out my man and call on Dr. Pendle- ten, of Sparta, begging him to give the readers of the Telegraph his opinion on this point I hope the editors of the Telegraph will second my request, and that they will send the Doctor a copy of their paper, with this communication maiked. Enquirer. Atlanta, Ga., February 11, 1869. Senate.—The Senate met to-day at toe usual hour. Mr. Speer moved that toe roll be called for the purpose of ascertaining if a quorum were present 1 The roll was called and n<j quorum was pres ent, bnt soon after another member entered and constituted a quorum. Mr. Hinton asked leave to record his vote in the affirmative on the motion of Mr. Wooten to reconsider toe action of toe Senate in reference to toe resolution of Mr. Price, of toe House. Granted. Several House bills were read a third time. Amongst them was one to extend the time for the collection of taxes to toe first Monday in April. This bill was passed and transmitted to the House. Mr. Smith, of 36th, moved a reconsideration of toe action of toe Senate in relation to the bill for the encouragement of toe arrest of crim inals. A short discussion ensued and toe motion was lost. Senate bills for first and second reading were taken up and referred to committees. A great portion of the day was spent in read ing Senate and House bills. Mr. Lester offered the following: Whereas, The Senate is far ahead of the House in business Resolved, That when the Senate adjourns to day it adjourn to Monday at 3 o'clock p. m. Severed Senators spoke for and against this resolution when a motion to lay it on the table was made and lost, toe President being toe casting vote. Mr. Candler moved as an amendment that the pay of members, Secretary and Clerks cease dur ing toe recess. A brief discussion arose after which on motion of Mr. Holcombe, the yeas and nays were called when toe vote stood: Yeas—Anderson, Bums, Candler, Graham, Hicks, Hinton, Holcombe, Winn.- -8. Nays—Brock, Burton, Colman, Collier, Cor bitt, Dickey, Fain, Griffin, (6th Dist.,) Griffin, (21st Dist.,) Harris, Hungerford, Jones, Jordan, Lester, Merrell, McArthur, McCutchen, Mc Whorter, Moore, Welch, Smith, (36th Dist.) Speer, Wellborn, Welch, Wooten.—25. The yeas and nays were then called on the motion to adopt the resolution, and it was de" clared lost by a vote of yeas, 12; nays, 19. The Senate then adjourned. House.—The House met as usuaL Mr. Barrett offered, a resolution requesting railroad companies to observe toe Sabbath, anci to so change their schedule as that both employ ers and employees might be enabled to attend religious service. After a suspension of the rules had been ef fected the resolution was put and adopted. Mi. Harper, of Terrell, asked a suspension of the rules to take up a resolution that the House take a recess until Tuesday, 23d inst., and that pay of members cease during that time. Air. Bryant opposed the resolution on the ground that all toe business of the House could not got through with in that time, and he could not see any propriety in sending members liv ing in various parts of the State home for so short a time. A committee had been appointed to take the matter into consideration, and he was in favor of waiting until that committee re ported. Mr. Shumate concurred in the opinion of the gentlemen from Richmond. Mr. Hudson thought the House would not get through with all the business to come before it in less than six weeks, and if they adjourned it would be so much saved to the State. The motion to suspend toe rules was lost by a vote of 62 to 41. The House went into Committee of the Whole Mr. Evans moved that the Committee rise and report the bill back to the House, which motion was lost. IMMIGRATION. An Evidence of Returning Prosperity. Nothing is more convincing of the returning prosperous condition of the country surrounding this city, than the immense quantities of produce shipped from this depot. Three hundred cars, loaded here, have been started southward toe present week, employing from three to four trains daily, while the State road freight yard is rammed and jammed with heavily loaded cars, numbering ono hundred and twenty. The freight from both East and West of here seems equally as great. We understand there is now 150,000 bushels of grain at Loudon, Tenn., for the Geor gia market, while at our neighboring village, on the State Line, Red Clay, there are sixty-eight loaded cars awaiting locomotive power. Over 20,000 head of mules have been transported over the State road this season. At our depot, Capt. Baker, the agent, informs us that from 1000 to 1200 bushels of groin is received daily, while immense quantities of other produce are shipped. Last Friday the business on this road exceeded that of any previous day since the pres ent administration. If this is not practical ev idence of the good time coming, we are no ; irophet. A few more years of continued activ- :ty, and the bustle of our quiet little city will orpriso toe natives. In connection herewith we wonld mention the fact of CoL Hulburt having made Dalton a point on the through line, or rather giving our mer chants the advantage of through freight tariff, in consideration of which fact a very complimen tary letter was written from this place, signed by most of the merchants. It is nothing more than was due us, but Supb H. deserves the thanks of the planting community for first acceding to onr demands. Previously, we understand, the tariff on grain was eleven cents, now it is nine, a sav ing of some seven dollars on a car load. Air. Baker, agent here, appears to be fully up to his laborious and vigilant duties, while he is gener ally aocredited with being active and efficient.— Dalton Gazette. How to Break a Mule. The following suggestions, says toe Maryland Farmer, are from a new and interesting book on the subject of breaking toe mule, by Harvey Riley, Esq., Superintendent of toe Government coral, Washington: > “Don't fight or aWie him. After you have harnessed him, and he proves to be refractory, keep your temper, Black your reins, push him round, baekwanl and forward, not roughly; then if he will not do what you want him to, tie him to a post, and let him stand there a day or so without food or water. Take care, also, that he does not lie down, and be careful to have aper- son to guard him, bo that he does not foul in toe. harness. If he will not go after a day or two of this treatment, give him one or two more of it, and my word for it he will come to his senses and do anything you want from to at ti™» for ward. “The only way to keep a mule from kicking you is to handle it a great deal when young, and accustom it to the ways and actions of men. You must, through kindness, convince it that you are not going to harm or abuse it; and you can do that best by taking hold of it In a gentle manner every tone it appears to be frightened. Such treatment I have always found more effec tive than all the beating and abasing you can apply. The nmle is peculiar in his dislikes. Many of them, when first harnessed, so dislikes a blind bridle that they will not work in it. When yon find this, let. them stand for a day or so in toe blinders and then take them off, and in forty-nine cases ant of fifty he will go at once.” • 1 . The regular business before toe Committee was the appropriation of a loan of ten thousand dollars, for the purpose of creating a Land and Immigration Bureau. J. W. Saussey spoke at length on the question of Immigration. He was in favor of the vast resources of the State being developed, and of everything being done which might tend to promote the welfare of Georgia, and for this reason he was in favor of the bill and hoped it would pass. Mr. Shumate spoke, being forcibly in opposi tion to toe bill. He thought it would only be incurring a useless expense at the present time, for he did not believe the scheme a practicable one. He believed that foreigners had sense enough to come to this State if they wanted to do so, and that they had sense enough, also, to buy land if they wanted to do so, and if they did not possess thismnehsense, he did not want them to come amongst us. He pointed out the vast amount of expense to which such a meas ure would lead, and concluded after a very caus tic review of the whole bill audits propositions. Mr. Scott followed Mr. Shumate, in support of the bill. He denounced the remarks of toe last speaker, whohesaidhadattemptedtokillthe bill by ridiculing it. He referred to the Legis lature of 1836, that made an appropriation of $4,000,000 for the State Road, and said toe same species of arguments had been used by toe op ponents of that measure. Such men as Gordon, Andrew L. Miller, Alex. H. Stephens and Chas. J. Jenkins—“toe noblest Roman of them all”— were its zealous advocates, and their far-seeing statesmanship saw its grand results to the State and it was, to-day, an imperishable monument to their genius and statesmanship. Mr. Flournoy and others opposed the bill and resorted to almost the same ridicule that was brought to bear upon the present measure to de feat it. They characterized the road as one that began no where and ended no where; bnt toe powerful arguments of its advocates prevailed and the result shows toe wisdom of their policy. He called on toe State Treasury to witness that it had already added millions to its coffers. He denied, in positive language, the charge that tho object of the bill was to introduce slaves and paupers into toe country. The bill guard ed against the introduction of such, and only looked to the immigration of the healthy, honest and industrious laborer, with a small capital, to rebuild our burnt cities, till onr waste fields, fill onr forests, open our mines and develope toe material resources of toe State. Mr. Fitzpatrick here asked Mr. Scott whether if four hundred emigrants had arrived and called themselves Republicans, they would they be al lowed to actas freemen and vote as they pleased. Mr. Scott—I am glad the gentleman has pat this question. It speaks more eloquently than the tongue of orators. It shows what is troubling him. The safeguards thrown mound this bill convince him that none bnt honest white men can be brought here, and toe member from Bibb knows on what side gentlemen will he arrayed. I implore toe gentleman to come down from the worship of the golden calf of party and look alone, for ono time, to toe great interests of the State. Here Mr. Scott went on to give various statis tics, showing what effect immigration had had upon other States in toe development of their mineral, commercial and agricultural resources. He showed that there were about 204,000 voters in the State of Georgia, and that five cents wonld more than raise toe amount asked for ($10,000). Mr. Scott will dose to-morrow. Some discussion followed a motion to rise, re port progress and ask leave to sit again, after which toe House adjourned. The South on Her Legs—Cheering , Signs of Recuperation. Perhaps the best evidence of toe sure and rap id material progress of the South may be found in the fact that toe price of the bonds of the dif ferent Southern 8tides is steadily rising in Wall street. The directors of ourNew York Savings Banks, who are proverbially conservative, cau tious and sagacious have lately bought largely these State bonds. The Southern people them selves are also adding considerably to their in vestments in these bonds. Other cheering signs of the energy with which the representative powers of the South are awakening may be found in the great cotton crop estimated at two hundred million dollars ; in the plentiful rice and sugar crops; in the abundant production of everything consumed by the Southern people at home; in the report Quit in many puts of the South labor has become even cheaper than it used to be in the days of slavery; and lastly, in many indications that the political pacification which must infallibly follow the inauguration of President Grant will open at the South an era of good feeling and of unprecedented prosper ity.—Nets York Herald, Slst. Decisions of the Supreme Court ol Georgia. DELIVERED AT ATLANTA, FEBRUARY 2, 1869. From the Atlanta Comtitution.] Maxey Jordan & Co., plaintiffs in error vs. Berry T. Digby, Sheriff, and Ann E. Loyall, de fendants in, error—from Jasper. Brown, C. J.—Real estate in the town of Monticello> was sold at Sheriff’s sale as the prop erty of an insolvent debtor. Held, that toe wife of toe defendant in fi. fa., is entitled, under toe 2013 and 2017 sections of toe Code, to have $500 of the proceeds of the sale set apart and invested in a home for her self and family against a pre-existing creditor. Judgment affirmed. McCay, J., concurring, wrote out no separate opinion. \ Warner, J. dissenting—The question made by the record in this case is, whether toe wife of an insolvent debtor is entitled to have the sum of five hundred dollars’ worth of real estate in a town, city or village, exempt from levy and sale in satisfaction of a judgment obtainedon the 28th of October, 18G1, according to the pro visions of tho 2013th section of toe Code, or whether she is entitled to have only the sum of two hundred dollars exempted from levy and sale; under the act of 1845. The debt was con tracted and the judgment obtained prior to toe adoption of the Code. The exemption of five hundred dollars is claimed under the Code and not under an act of the Legislature passed since toe adoption of the Code. The Constitution of this State, at the time of the adoption of toe Code, declared that “ retro active laws injuriously affecting any right of the citizens, are prohibited.” The second section of the Code declares that “this Code shall take effect on toe first day of January, 1863. All offenses committed prior to that date shall be tried and punished under existing laws, and all rights or obligations or duties acquired or im posed by existing laics shall remain valid and bin dingj notwithstanding the repeal or modifi cation of such laws.” In my judgment, the rights of the creditor, as well as tho rights of the claimant in this case, are to be measured and decided in accordance with the law, as the same existed prior to the adoption of the Code. To hold otherwise would be to ignore that provision of toe State Consti tution which prohibts retroactive legislation at the time of the* adoption of the Code, as well as the express provision of the Code, which was adopted in strict compliance with that Constitu tion. I, therefore, dissent from the judgment of the Court in this case. Chas. A Jordan, Judge A. Reese for plaintiff in error. Geo. T. Bartlett for Defendant in error. Southern Express Company, vs. JohnL. Shea. Case from Bibb. Pabltshlng Notices in Etc. Warner, J.—When, upon the trial of an ac tion brought against the Southern Express Company, as common carriers, for toe loss of goods, it appeared in evidence that there were two companies, one, to wit: The Adams Ex press Company, chartered in the State of New York, and the other, to wit: The Southern Express Company, chartered in the State of Georgia; that the contract for the transporta tion of the goods was made by the plaintiff, with the Adams Express Company in New York, by which the latter Company undertook to transport the goods, as common carriers, to Ma con, Georgia, toe place of destination: Held, that, as the contract was made by the plaintiff with the Adams Express Company, they undertook, as common carriers, to transport the goods from New York to the place of destina tion, either by themselves, or competent agents, and in case of the loss of,the goods on the route, the plaintiff’s right of action was against the company with which the contract was made, and not against the Southern Express Company, al though toe goods may have been lost whilst in the possession of the Southern Express Compa ny, for too purpose of being transported to the place of destination in accordance with the con tract made between the plaintiff and the Adams Express Company; that there was no contract, express or implied, between the Southern Ex press Company and the plaintiff for the trans portation of goods as common carriers. Held, further, that in view of the facts of this case, the Court below erred in its charge to the jury, “that toe defendant, the Southern Ex press Company, was liable to toe plaintiff in this case, as a common carrier, and that said Com pany was liable to the plaintiff, no matter how they received said goods at Savannah, even if they had, as common carriers, picked them up in toe streets.” Judgment reversed. McCay, concurred, giving no written reasons. Brown, C. J.—Concurred as follows: The Adam’s Express Company had the right to limit its liability to the extent of itsterritoral limits, or otherwise by “express contract.” This may be done, in my opinion, by an express stip ulation to that effect in the body of the receipt given by the Company, and accepted by the shipper. Such express stipulation in the body of the receipt isnot the “notice given, either by publication, or by entry on receipts, or tickets sold,” which is sufficient, but is one form of “express contract,” which is authorized by the Code. Taking this view of the rights of a common carrier, I think I should hold that tho contract contained in this receipt was complied with, by Adams Express Company on the delivery of the goods at SAvannah, which was, at that time, the extent of their territorial limits as stipulated in too receipt, were it not for tho former decision of this Conrt, ruling that the liability of a com mon carrier cannot be limited in this way. As I am bound, under the Code, by these unani mous decisions till changed by the Legislature, or by this court, in the manner directed by the statute, I concur in the judgment rendered in this case. Nisbet and Dougherty, for plaintiff in error, Lochrane, Cobb & Jackson, Bacon and Sim mons, for defendant in error. Mary Lamar, Plaintiff in error, vs. Joseph Gl^wson, Defendant in error. Complaint from Bibb. Warner, J.—Where suit was brought upon a contract by an overseer against his employer, and it appears from the record that the overseer was dismissed by the employer during the first month of the year for which he was employed without any alleged fault on his part, and upon the trial it was proved by one witness, that her brother went to the plantation in the month of January, 1S60, paid the overseer and dismissed him, and the Court charge the jury “that the only question for them to consider was whether or not defendant made the contract sued on, and that if defendant did make such contract as testified to, plaintiff was entitled to recover toe amount agreedupon in said contract. Held, that this charge was erroneous, as it excluded from the consideration of the jury toe evidence in regard to the payment of the overseer for the service rendered by him. Judgment reversed. Bacon & Simmons, for plaintiff jn error. W. Poe, by the Reporter, for "defendant in error. ’ For the information of Federal ofieem publish the annexed report of the Comal tt *" the Revision of the Laws, made to th e p ■ States House of Representatives on the 32^ timo. It will be seen that the act of v" " 1867, authorizing the Clerk of the House t/' loot two papers in each State in which cot' ment advertisements shall be inserted, only to “official notices for the benefit ar^i Ushed at the expense of the Government" ^ consequently, that government officers ercise their discretion in publishing all J? notices; Report.—The Committee on the Revisii the Laws of toe United States, to whom ferred House bill No. 1707, entitled “An Z/j amend the seventh section of an act enKf " ‘An act making appropriations for suedr-- expenses of toe Government for the year en/' June 30, 1868, and for other purposes, anr,.^' March 2, 1867,’ ” having had the sanX? consideration, ore of the opinion that n 0 ne>*' sity exists for its passage, and therefore reiw mend that the same be indefinitely postponed The bill has been supposed to be nece - by reason of the ruling of one or two 0 f i? United States District Judges, that the wJ. required to he published in proceedings in w ruptcy were governed by section 7 of an anr^ pnation act passed March 2, 1867, and n‘~. therefore, be published in two newspaper, a* ignated by the Clerk of toe House of Bepr s* tativesfor toe publication of the laws of ? United States, and for such public official r tices as may be ordered for publication! judges., or other officers of the United State- Section 11 of the bankruptcy law provid, that on filing a petition by a bankrupt, the i-a or register shall issue a warrant to the marsh authorizing him to publish notices in suoh pars as the warrant specifies, etc. Section 29 of the same act provides that the application of the bankrupt for Ids f, discharge, the court shall order notice tit creditors by mail, “and by publication at £ one week in such newspapers as the Court m designate, duo regard being had to the gene, circulation of the same in the districtin’who the bankrupt shallreside, etc.” It is clear from the language of these seefa that it was the intention of the act to leave u selection of toe papers to toe discretion of t court, to be governed by the necessities aodc cumstances of each particular case. The bsi rupt law and appropriation bill (in which | sections above referred to are found) were 11 passed toe same day. The bankrupt law . pears latest in the printed volume, and was,": fact, passed after the other; and if there wu conflict between them, the bankrupt, lawn; probably be regarded as the later, and therefor the prevailing law. But tho committee are" the opinion that there is no real conflict in t two acts; that the seventh section of the app- priation act only applies to official govern ram notices, for the benefit and published at the pense of the government; while those under bankrupt law are really a part of the piece* dings in a private proceeding or litigation, to: carried on at private cost wholly. This disi tion is made clear by the provision in tho r propriation act that all accounts for the pci cation therein provided for shall be adjusted; the proper accounting officer, and paid in t manner, now authorized by the law in the 2 cases. It will be seen at once that this could cotl intended to apply to proceedings in bankrupt where the wholes expense is to be paid by i bankrupt or ont of his estate. This doesri leave any part of the appropriation act inopa tive, as there are many cases of publication r. der the order of the United States judges wise would clearly come within its terms and inter The bankrupt act was intended to be a coc plete and entire system of itself, without i from other statutes, except as they are refen- to specially. The general practice tinder the bankrupt U has been in accord with these views, and t! different rulings of the judges above referred can be at once corrected by application in tl behalf to the Judge of the circuit which is pi. vided for in the bankrupt law itself." Hr. Price’s Resolution—Action or the Senate Thereon—- M Let ns Hare Peace.” From the Atlanta New Era.1 The action of the Senate on the resolution of Mr. Price, referring toe question of eligibility of colored men to office to the Supreme Court, will, we have reason to believe, set this issue at rest. It will, at least, show to Congress a dis position to settle this vexed question in accord ance with the State Constitution, which that body formerly accepted last summer, and which was thereby acknowledged to be “Republican in form,” and therefore in accord with toe re construction acts. This, as we have had occasion to remark be fore, is, in our opinion, all that Congress may ask. The whole issue grew out of adverse con structions of toe State Constitution. All such issues are properly referable to the Supreme Court, which has special jurisdiction in all cases growing ont of legislation supposed to be adverse to the Fundamental Law ; and, when this decision is had, there canbe no further pre text for agitation, provided toe Legislature, and toe people whom it represents, will cheerfully acquiesce therein, as no one doubts they wifi. We regret to see that a few Dmocratio jour nals, heretofore claiming to be “moderate,” still persist in fighting this resolution. By so doing, they become the allies and apologists of the extremists of both parties, and thereby show an animus strangely at variance with their professions. The action of toe Legislature in adopting this resolution, will do much to save the State Government, nnd arrest the impend ing action of Congress, looking to the “recon struction of reconstruction.” Surely this is a consummation to be greatly desired by all, and we do hope that all opposition will now cease, to toe end that the State may be restored to >eaee, and to her proper relations with the Inion. The motion, however, to reconsider this im portant action, was discussed all day yesterday at nine dollars per day to each member 7 Atlantic and Gnlf Railroad—StedJ holder's Meeting. The Savannah News of Thursday devotes fit] columns to a* report of toe stockholders'meek of the Atlantic and Gnlf Railroad Compar| Although only one speaker in the oppositions present, Mr. G. B. Lamar, it was a lively s : hg. The News says: The whole number of votes cast was 12.JI The whole number of shares in the stock of fi Company is 36,911. Of these the 12,383rec< transferred by the cityof Savannah to the-Sx western Road could not be voted, owing to fi injunction. Thislatter number of shares accosj ed for, would leave 12,284 unrepresented atC meeting. If tho owners of these side with fi the owners of the 12,245 represented, theSotiJ western road has not gained a controlling in est by any means. The only important points we note in t proceedings are the re-election of toe old I tory by a unanimous vote, and the adoption tl the following preamble and resolution, uitifi amendment that the assent of toe State first be obtained to the transfer of stocknaanil Whereas. The city of Savannah appealed J citizens of South Georgia for aid to completed Atlantic & Gnlf Railroad, which appeal was -j sponded to at the Convention held toreeot'’ the matter, and it was agreed that toe const' tion of the road was necessary for the weli-be of Savannah and South Georgia, and the wd was carried out; and, " J Whereas, The city of Savannah has, notice to stockholders, sold all its stock in - Atlantic & Gulf Railroad, producing conste Ue excitement and anxiety, with a view to tl monizo the feelings of all, | Resolved by the Stockholders, That the! of Directors are hereby authorized to pmcb the stock of the city of Savannah in said r provided that the same can be done at a t price and on equitable terms. Tho Telegraph Line from Wasiiin! 1 * to New Orleans. The Montgomery Mail has the following' “It is proposed by an association of genite of Boston to build a telegraph line between ** ington and New Orleans, which we are cost® •will be of incalculable benefit to the press fo® South, in the saving of the cost of di-p^’l and in giving ns fuller and more reliable rtp°*I Although tho act of Congress of July, ‘-’t, lr< | authorized the construction cf lines of tefcgj’rl by ‘any telegraph company now organize-'1 which may hereafter be organized under C'l laws of any State of this Union,’ and grs nt f ’■ such companies The right of way over and a- any post roads of the United States,’ yet i railroads notwithstanding that they kave c declared postroads, and have been usedas^ have made contracts whereby the most® routes between Washington and the S<*“* cities have been exclusively granted to the eST ing lines of telegraph, and therefore specialII mission from the Post Office Department is- | asked to use said routes regardless of sncnc-| tracts. ~ -I It is claimed that every encouragement sM I be given by the Government to private prise in building a line of telegraph th "- . I by its use of many improvements in the ar -71 have never before been combined, make » T tariff of charges self-sustaining, and use of the telegraph w>hin the reach of alt /j new company propose to transmit message 5 tween any two points, from way station to station, as well as from city to city, at the of one cent per word, including date, aa®' and signature, reserving the right to make duction to the press; whilst toe general ^ transmitted by authority of the GovernB^ will be free of all charges to the press andt public. Such general news is to be a posted and exhibited upon bulletin boa«®k every postoffice connected by the propose 0 1 A Hebrew bible, dated 1491 or 1492, printed ^ upon parchment, was lately sold in London for by 125,000,000 on toe ISto o/ 8e P* £ ? n f 5 ‘' eight hundred dollars. ® A Trooly Loll Dodge. We clip from one of our exchanges the ‘ ing illustration of loyalty as Congress stands that much abused term: “The Trooly loil’ patriots of North b* ^ made a nioe thing of it the other day. . - 1st instant $300,000 was due on the State; The State couldn’t pay—Trooly toil' nrer in groat grief thereat; Trooly nor in tears. Down go State bonds, of 1 which shook to the credit of the State intense pain on the Trooly loti’ ring- l confidence, however, they buy largely. »• ^ figure, after which the Trooly toil State _ advertise that toe deficient interest is to oe r State bonds go up, and the Trooly *?“ pocket the reward of their “kalty in of a handsome profit on the transact: am Tin importance of destroying the eotwo^j tons calculated: One ty of to-day will w duced by 850,000 on the l«h_of An$»; by 62,500,000,000 on toe 13ft of October.
