Newspaper Page Text
I Talks IVith Farmers
Conducted By C, H. Jordan
»4+M >444411 mil >4l 1444444
:: The Semi-Weekly Journal the
Official Organ of the Southern
< I
Cotton Growers’ Protective Ass’n
~ I »
♦ The ft?™ u weekly Journal la the official organ of the Southern Cotton « •
♦ Growers' Protective Association, the only official paper of that organisation, 4
♦ and hereafter all official communications of the association's officers, and ail 4
♦ matters pertaining to its affairs will appear in these columns. The Journal 4
♦ elan invitee members of the association and cotton growers and farmers gen- 4
♦ erally to use its onlnmna for the expression of ouch views and suggestions as 4
♦ mar be of Interest and value to the agricultural interests of the south. 4
X The Journal will devote each week two columns, as requested by the asso- 4
X elation. to a ‘•Cotton Department," In which will appear the official com- 4
4> munloatlona of the association and such statistical and other information 4
♦ as bears upon the work of the association and all matters of interest to 4
4 southern cotton growers. • . ♦
|44 1888894444448888818 444|
♦ Subscribers are requested to ad- 4
♦ dress all Inquiries for information 4
♦ on subjects relating to the farm. 4
♦ field, garden and poultry to the 4
♦ Agricultural Editor. All inquiries 4
4 will receive prompt and careful at- 4
4 tention. No inquiries answered by 4
4 mall. Please address Harvie Jordan. 4
" 4 Agricultural Editor. Monticello. Ga 4
♦ ♦
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SWEET POTATO CULTURE.
There need be nothing said at this time
as to the wethods'empfoyed in bedding
sweet potatoes, as the roots, or tubers
have already been planted and will soon
t be ready for transplanting the slips to the
field crops. This article wifi be confined
to a discussion of what are already con
eeded to be some of the best plans for the
preparation of the land upon which the
crop is to be grown. fertilisation,
transplanting and cultivation. The
sweet * potato crtjp is one of the
most important of the small crops
planted on southern farms, for use
on the table, supplying the demands of
our local markets and as a stock food for
hogs and cattle.
The sweetpotato makes its best growth
•nd most prolific yield on a warm, sandy,
well drained soil. Freshly cleared land is
•Iso desirable. Heavy stiff clays should
be avoided if possible. Except tn light,
sandy soils, the first ploughing should be
deep and thoroughly done. After breaking,
the land should be harrowed and rolled
The next step would be to lay off the rows
from 3 to 4 feet apart with a long shovel,
after which drill in the manure or other
fetrtilixers. following with a scooter to
mix the Ingredients well in with the soil,
then ridge up with twister or turn plow,
•nd flatten down the ridge with a board,
so as to leave a smooth even surface to
receive the slips. A good mixture for one
acre of land, of a fertiliser, would be 5
tons of stable manure. 100 pounds of acid
phosphate and »■ pounds of kanit.
. A commercial fertiliser which would
' give good results and furnish the differ
ent elements of plant food required in the
development of the tubers would be as
follows:
Cotton seed meal 3W pounds.
Acid phosphate IfiD pounds.
Kanit ... I:. 100 pounds.
Or there could be used in place of the
cotton seed meal 125 pounds of dried blood,
or IM pounds of nitrate of soda, and in
place of the kanit. 100 pounds of muriate
of potash. These formulas are made up
in smaller proportions than they should
be. if the potatoes are to be grown for
market, or large yields expected. As an
•verage fertiliser, however, they would be
in about the right'proportions.
Tranaplalnting and Cultivation.
The slips or sprouts, when from I to 5
inches long should be carefully removed
from the bed without dislocating the
parent potato. The slips should then be
dropped along on top of the ridges from
M to 18 inches apart. They can be rapid
ly transplanted either with the fingers or
a pair of homemade wooden tongs, made
Os two pieces of laths or small strips three
feet long separated by a block nailed be
tween them at one end; the strips at
their free ends are about one inch apart
and are easily pressed together by the
grasp of the hand in setxing the slip. A
stick carried in the left hand can be used
to press the soil around the plant. *This
simple plan relieves the planter from so
much stooping and hastens the work. If
the ground is dry when the slips are ready
for tansplanting a teacupful of water
should be poured into the holes made to
receive the slip and dry dirt immediately
drawn up around trfe slip to prevent evap
oration of moisture. It is always safer and
better to transplant tn dry weather, using
water as above described. If the soil con
tains much clay the plan of transplanting
after a rain is to be condemned. The
ground may be either too wet or not moist
enough. A thin batter made of cow ma
nure and water is often used, into which
the roots of the slips are dipped at time
of transplanting. This is a good plan, es
pecially when the slips are to be trans
planted into rather dry soil without
watering. The transplanting should always
be done tn the afternoon, so as to escape
the hot rays of the midday sun. which Is
•Altering to the newly planted slips. By
the next day the rootlets have taken hold
and the effect of the hot sunshine is not
ao bad. Ths missing hills should be reset
as soon as possible. In two qg three days
after transplanting hoe out tne patch and
gtve the first plowings. Cultivation should
be sufficient to keep the beds free from
weeds and grass and to keep the surface
’ of the soil loose and porous. Two hoeings
four plowings are usually sufficient
to make the crop, so far as working Is
concerned All cultivation should be shal
low. Do the deep plowing before the slips
are set out. When the vines begin to run
they can be easily turned out of the way
Os the plow by means of a long stick.
Never throw any dirt on the vines, and
prevent them from taking root across the
fiddle of the rows If possible. There Is no
f Deed to interfere with the vines after
cultivation. The expense does not justify
It except tn very rich land, where the vines
may be predisposed to root bad at the
joints.
Harvesting and Storing.
In some cases tn order to meet the de
mand and secure high prices for the po
tatoes they are gathered early In the sea
son and before the tubers are fully ripe.
In most instances, however farmers await
maturity before gathering. This can best
be determined, if harvested before frost,
by breaking several of the tubers into
pieces and exposing them for a short time
•* to the air. If sufficiently ripe to keep
well, the original color of the potato is
maintained, if not the broken parts will
sum to a dark or greenish appearance.
■Pne work of plowing up the potatoes
should be carefully done, as all cut or
injured tubers must be used at once, or
they are apt to decay. It is a good plan
to first remove the vines from the rows,
•nd then plow up the tubers. Let the
potatoes as gathered be placed tn small
piles so as to dry rapidly.
When they are hauled up. exercise care
In handling to prevent bruising. Make
the hills by raising a circular place 12
1 inches above the surrounding soil and
about 5 feet in diameter. Place on this
• a basket full of dry hay. shucks or straw.
I to keep the tubers from coming in direct
» contact with the most soil. Assort the
tubers, picking out only sound, unbruised
ones for banking, and separating the large
and medium from the very small ones.
Put about 80 bushels to the hill, and
cover them well with hay, straw or
shucks.
Next covter with a row of boards placed
around the circle and break the joints
with another row of boards,’ leaving a
small opening at the top for circulation
of air within the bank. Throw dirt on the
hill for an inch in thickness, and see that
the drainage is good around the hill.
Build a cover over the bank, or place a
wide board on top. sloping somewhat to
shed the water and weight down with a
rock or block of wood. Bank the small
potatoes for seed in a separate hill. This
plan, simple and economical, is the safest
of all others for keeping potatoes in the
south. In December throw more dirt on
the hill and close up tightly the opening
in the top. HARVIE JORDAN.
WILL CURE STOMACH ACHE IN
FIVE MINUTES!
This is just what Painkiller will do; try it
Have a bottle in the house for Instant use.
as it will save you hours of suffering. Watch
out that the dealer does not sell you an imi
tation. as the great reputatbn of Painkiller
(Perry Davis'>. has induced many people to
try so make something to sell, said to be "just
as good as the genuine.'*
BIG STOCKYARD
TO BE LOCATED HERE
ATLANTA WILL THEN BECOME
THE BIGGEST MULE MAR
KET IN THE
WORLD.
Application for a charter for the Brady
Union Stock Yards, a corporation with a
prospective capital stock of 8600,000, and
one that it fs believed will raise Atlanta
to the place of the largest mule market hi
the world, was filed in the office -pf the
clerk of the superior court Wednesday af
ternoon.
The incorporators of the mammoth en
terprise are Major T. B. Brady, who may
be called the father of the stock business
in Atlanta; John Oliver, the well known
oil mill operator; Gen. A. J. West, one of
the leading real estate men here, and
Rev. Samuel Porter Jones, of Bartow
county, all the others Fulton.
The application was drawn up and filed
by King A Spalding, attorneys. The enter
prise was planned and promoted by A. J.
West A Co., real estate dealers.
The location of the yards and attendant
enterprises, a hotel, slaughter house,
packing house, bank and railway station,
lies along the north and east side of the
Western and Atlantic and the Southern
railroads, on the town side of the E. Van
Winkle shops.
The place wul become a little city within
itself. A railway passenger station is to
be erected, stock freight agents will have
offices on the ground and the hotel to be
built will contain fifty rooms Besides
the yards themselves, there is to be an
auction mart, fitted out with every con
venience. Indeed, the whole place is to be
•p- to -date in every respect. The com
pany proposes to erect its own electric
light plant and hotel, bank, stables, pack
ing and slaughter houses, will all be Il
luminated. It will be the biggest stock
handling enterprise in the south.
Atlanta, already the second largest mule
market In the world, will rapidly forge to
the front and become the largest, it Is
thought, as a result of this new organiza
tion. Though mules will be handled In
greater numbers, perhaps, than anything
else, every kind of stock is to have a
place. Cattle, sheep, horses, fine and work
ing are all to be provided for.
The language of the application for
charter best gives the kind and extent of
the business proposed. As stated to the
court, this business is to consist of “the
maintaining of stock yards, feed stables,
packing houses, slaughter houses, cold
storage plants, the buying, Celling and
dealing in live stock of all sorts, feeding
and caring for the same, and the conduct
of all business usually conducted at stock
yards, feed stables. packing houses,
slaughter houses or in the cold storage
business, together with the right to main
tain livery stables."
PEOPLE OF TELFAIR
ENDORSE TOM EASON
M'RAE, Ga., April 18.—At a mass meet
ing of the people of Telfair county this
day held in the courthouse to give express
ion in regard to the candidacy of Hon.
Tom Eason for the position of prison com
missioner. W. H. Clark was called to the
chair and H. W. Carswell requested to act
as secretary. The chairman briefly ex
plained the object of the meeting, after
which Hort. E. D. Graham offered the
following resolution, which was adopted:
"Resolved, That we, the people of Tel
fair county. In mass meeting assembled,
take pleasure in endorsing and do hereby
endorse Hon. Thomas Eason for the office
of prison commissioner. •
“During the short period that he has
held the office, he has discharged his du
ties with marked ability and fidelity to
our state. We most respectfully com
mend him to the people of Georgia as emi
nently capable and in every way worthy
their support and confidence."
SCHOONER AT SEA
HAD STORMY VOYAGE
SAVANNAH. Ga., April 18.—The schoon
er Jennie Hulbert. Captain Veaslie, from
, Baltimore, coal laden, reached port yes
terday after a trying experience. April
7th. at night., between Frying Pan shoals
and Cape Lnokout. a storm of great in
tensity struck the vessel. For 48 hours It
was tn the storm’s track, and was blown
100 miles out of its course. The man at
the wheel abandoned his post and the rig
ging was torn to strings. Two masts fell
upon the deck. The second mate finally
reached the wheel and saved the vessel.
Captain Veaslie. who Is 60 years of age. is
confined to his bed as a result of his ex
perience.
THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1902.
4 MRS. SAM P. JONES 4
4 REPLIES TO ALEX BEALER 4
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CARTERSVILLE, Ga., April 17, 1902.
To the Editor of The Journal:
Rev. Alex Bealer, in a letter published
tn your columns a few days ago, does un
wittingly an injustice to all parties .con
cerned. In the first place, collection
taken in Cartersville was for the Paine
institute, a colored college under the au
spices etthe M. E. church, south, at Au
gusta, Ga. It Is a literary and industrial
school under the control of the Methodist
conference. Its object has been to edu
cate colored ministers that they might be
better prepared and more suited for the
work of pastors, teachers, etc., among
thflr own race. Our lamented Dr. Callo
vtiy, of Emory college, was the first pres
ident of this school, and as to Dr. Walker,
now its president, no better, truer south
ern man lives than he. The idea was con
ceived by the good women of the Meth
odist church of annexing an industrial and
training department to this school for col
ored women. This enterprise has been un
dertaken by some of the noblest, best
women of our southland—women who
realize as much as Dr. Bealer and the
critics do the fact that in the poorer dis
tricts of north Georgia our young white
men and women need and desire educa
tion, but it has been for some time a
known fact that white boy and girl
in Georgia who really and truly wants an
education and is willing to pay the price,
that there has been no* reason why they
could not obtain it. The average white
boy or girl who grows up in ignorance in
Georgia, it is either for one or two reas
ons: First, they will simply not take ad
vantage of opportunities offered, or they
are the sole support of invalid parents or
widowed mothers, or, perhaps worse, of
worthless parents who would not or could
not allow them to take advantage of the
opportunities, though they were furnish
ed not only schools, but board and books
and clothes, yet would .not or could not
make use of same, and though the white
schools have multiplied to such a degree
as that every one could remark, as did the
critic friend, “You can hardly throw a
stone that does not land on a negro col
lege in Atlanta.”
Dr. Bealer was misinformed in reference
to the feeling of the women in regard to
the outside opposition to the movement
and collection, and says “it needed only
the least encouragement to bring it into
the open." I was in attendance upoh these
meetings and came in very close contact
with the women who composed that body,
and I heard not one single dissenting voice
In regard to the collection taken, either
before or after. As he said, two hundred
dollars of the money raised was given by
Sam Jones, Mrs. Higglnbothan and Mrs.
E. P. Chamberlin, but so far as the rest
of the statement goes, it is incorrect, as
the other one hundred and fifty dollars
wag not all given by the delegates, but
a large number of contributions were
made by outsiders, anfi noticeable is this
fact, that those who gave most liberally
to thia school for educating and training
the colored people for usefulness are the
people who have given most liberally to
the education of the mountain boys and
girls, not only in Georgia, but In other
southern states, and If the critics of this
movement will take the trouble to inform
themselves they will see that all over this
broad land there have been established
schools for the training of the mountain
boys and girls.
I do not believe it is the purpose of the
Home Mission society of the Methodist
church to give this training and education
to these colored women and men simply
for the purpose of making servants of
them, but it is to make of them better
mothers and fathers, wives and husbands
and citizens, giving them the moral train
ing and information that they need for
such relationships; and so far as the bene
fit that they getTrom the money that has
been spent in educating the negro, I do
not believe that we have ever taken that
into consideration. Our chief object'is the
salvation of men and the glory of God.
Our Saviour said to his disciples after the
resurrection, “Go ye. therefore, and teach
all nations.” What higher authority
could we have than this? It makes no
special appeal for any branch of humani
ty. All the human race needs all the help
they can obtain to uplift it, and needs
none, alas! to pull down anything that
Christian education can advance.
Yours truly,
' MRS. SAM P. JONES.
P. S.—My husband suggests that Brother
Bealer’s criticism on a Methodist move
ment reminds him of a sea liori writing a
criticism on how to cultivate corn and
potatoes*
fJILIiMWON •
INVOLVED IN SCANDAL
SENSATIONAL LEGAL PROCEED-
INGS GROW OUT OF FINANCIAL
TROUBLES OF ROGERS &
JOINER COMMISSION CO.
MACON, April 18.—A case equally as
sensational as the old Progress Loan and
Improvement company scandals is about
to develop out of the recent failure of
the Rogers & Joiner Commission com
pany.
The trustees of that company filed a bill
yesterday afternoon ijFthe United States
court asking for a receiver for the Rico
Mining company, which mines kaolin at
Heid's station, near Macon; and on the
petition the court ordered the books of
the mining company brought into court
at once and held subject to examination
by lawyers.
It is charged that the wreckage of the
Kogers & Joiner Commission company has
been the means of building up the Rico
Mining company, of which Mr. R. M.
Rogers, Sr., was president, and R. M. Rog
ers. Jr., vice president. ,
It charges that the trustees of the
Rogers & Joiner assets have found where
at least iitty-hve thousand dollars worth
of Rogers & Joiner's property has gone
into the mining business without the
knowledge or consent of Mr. D. C. Joiner,
who was one of the partners of the com
mission company business, and specific
charges are made against Mr. R. M. liog
ers, Jr., who Is alleged to have issued
checks over Rogers & Joiner’s signature
to pay employes of the kao>in mine, and
to have issued and o. k'd. his own orders
for goods to oe shipped from the Rogers
& Joiner Commission company without
the knowledge or consent of the partners
in the commisrion business, and that no
record is made on the books to show that
any such transactions ever took place.
The Rogers family is one of the most
prominent in this section and the gentle
men who are thus arraigned have stood
high in the community, and those who
khow them will wait to hear their side
of it’oefore passing judgment. The mat
ter wiU be heard on April 23d. when Judge
Speer is to decide whether or not a re
ceiver should be appointed.
SEABOARD "Am LINE
AFTER L. AND N. STOCK?
NEW YORK. April 18.—J. W. Gates and
August Belmont were in conference with
Morgan representatives today. It was un
derstood that several large lots of L. and
N. stocks were deposited with Morgan A
Co., in accordance with the Belmont-
Gates agreement.
A report that the Gates faction had sold
a large amount of L. and N. to Morgan &
Co. at 115 could not be confirmed and was
generally discredited.
Another report to the effect that the
Seaboard Air Line has "bid” 130 cash for
the Gates holdings on the L. and N. was
also discredited. •
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:: SUGGESTIONS ;;
:: FROM OTHERS ••
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ENDORSES MRS. MADDOX’S
VIEWS ON DRUNKENNESS
DECATUR, Ga., April 12, 1902.
To the Editor of The Journal:
I wish to endorse what Mrs. W. A.
Maddox so ably says in Friday's Journal,
April 11. Build an inebriate asylum and
you will encourage drunkenness. She says:
“Make drunkenness a crime. (It is a
crime agaliut God and man.) Form an
institution in which to place these crim
inals. where they cannot obtain liquor and
must work, not only for their own liveli
hood, but for those dependent on them."
Amen. G. D. STONE.
THINKS GOOD DEAL DEPENDS
. ON TERRELL’S ELECTION
To the Editor of The Journal:
I see June sth is the day on which the
voters of this state will decide the charac
ter of man who shall be governor of this
the leading state of the south. Very much
depends on the men we are putting in
office at this time as to the victory or de
feat of' the Democratic party in the next
national election. Consequently, the first
requisite is a true Democrat. We have one
asking for the place who has in every
way shown himself worthy of the support
of every Democrat in this state. He has
conducted himself as a dignified gentle
man in making the race. Not a word of
any nature has he spoken against his op
ponents. He has no personal grudge to
satisfy against any corporation. Os course,
there is no doubt but Terrell will be gov
ernor. But we should make his majority
as large as possible to put the stamp of
disapproval on th'b practice of mudsling
ing among contestants for office. Again,
can the people of this state afford to cast
their vote for a man who is antagonistic
to the railroad Interests when they have
done so much for the state? What would
be our condition without them? Do we
not boast of the number of miles In Geor
gia? Does every voter in the state not
feel a prffie in our magnificent system of
railroads. Shall we put the wrench of
power in the hands of a man to tighten
the screws of oppression for personal sat
isfaction? As for prohibition, we can get
it and will get it Just as quick with Ter
rell for governor as a man who is posing
as a prohibitionist candidate if the people
want it. This part of southwest Georgia
is contposed of solid, old fashioned demo
crats with the new style trimming of
prohibition, railroad oppression, etc.,
left off. So we are going to give Terrell
the best we have.
DR. A. R. WRIGHT.
Renfroe, Ga.
PEACH GROWING IS A
NEW FLORIDA INDUSTRY
ARCADIA, Fla., April 14, 1902.
To the Editor of The Journal:
Having lived several years In eaqh of
the following states, Texas, Louisiana,
Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia, and a
number of years in Florida, I nave felt In
clined through the medium of your journal
to tell some of the promising things of
Florida.
Especially am I interested in peach
growing in Florida. Comparatively a new
Industry for this state, only waiting de
velopment. While ’tis true that the cen
tral portions of the state, that suffered
the incomparable loss of Its beautiful
orange groves in 1894-’96, have some time
since placed beyond the stage of experi
ment the profitableness of a few peach
trees. The writer traversed considerable
of that portion of the state last summer
and found In Volusia county some thrifty
orchards, at that time laden with luscious
ripe peaches. Osteen & DeLand especial
ly, shipped many cratss of exceptionally
fine fruit. ,
Coming farther south, in Polk county, I
again found peaches, at pink of perfection,
but from Polk county sotffh attention has
especially been paid to the citrus fruits,
almost to the exclusion of all other fruits.
But a few progressive growers have from
time to time added a few peach trees with
view of having fruit for home consump
tion, and In every instance peaches have
proven a success.
While this article Is written especially
in the interest of peach culture, DeSota
county, never to be outdone, Is supplying
the markets with the earliest strawber
ries, which industry is now in its infancy,
but in a few years will prove a full grown
factor In the production of first and best
berries in the market. The growers, while
much handicapped this, their first season,
will largely increase their acreage next
season.
But to return to the peach Industry. In
DeSota county, Arcadia, county seat, we
have the ideal of a peach growing section.
These facts are apparent to even the cas
ual observer. I now have in mind trees
planted three years ago, have every ( indi
cation of bearing 2 to 3 crates each, con
taining 6 baskets to the crate, retailing in
our home market, Arcadia, 40 to 50 cents
per basket. This is a fair example and
shows what may be expected' from this
Industry and being 3 to 4 weeks in ad
vance of Georgia peaches, opens to the
orchardist an unprecedented opportunity
of realizing enormous profits from a well
kept orchard in the near future.
The opportunity awaits the capitalist,
nor should the word capitalist frighten the
timid and less moneyed prospector. Our
lands are cheap, our labor somewhat high,
but to sum up the whole, the following es
timate was made from inquiries made
among the growers for the cost-of one
acre, which 1 believe is a conservative
estimate:
One acre, set with 150 trees, including
all costs, will not exceed >4O per acre.
Planted, say October, 1902, summer of 1904
these trees will give you returns of 2 to
3 1-2 crate's ner tree. We will for sake of
argument say 150 trees yielding 2 crates
to the tree will g.ve the grower 390 crates
at 39 cents per basket, or SI.S9 per crate,
we have >540 per acre, besides two years’
crop cf g. od hay, two tons to the acre,
can be made and a ready market right at
home for it at good prices. If any coun
try will grow crab grass and pea vines,
Florida will do it to the finish.
Our county !s the banner orange and
grape fruit county in the state. Arcadia
this past season of ICOI and 1902 shipped
140,000 boxes, and grows more grape fruit
than all the other counties in the state.
Twelve thousand quarts of strawberries
were shipped, 100 crates of cabbage, 30
crates of celery and up to this writing
about 1,200 crates of beans, and they con
tinue to go.
Arcadia has 1.300 population. The'best
governed town in the state—no barrooms,
no blind tigers, clayed streets. Our coun
ty commissioners are making marked im
provements on our county roads. We
have good churches, flourishing schools,
good stores, electric light, telephone and
ice plant. Two hundred thousand brick
have been purchased and work begun on
the Arcadia Baptist orphanage. This is
to be a two-story brick building to cost
>IO,OOO and will accommodate about 150
orphans. Eighty acres of the best land in
the county was donated for this purpose.
We are steadily forging ahead. All eyes
are on Arcadia. Come and see us. You
won't regret it.
J. R. VAUGHAN.
THIS LADY THINKS
DRUNKENNESS IS A CRIME
To the Editor of The Journal:
Some contend that drunkenness is a dis
ease. I ask. what will we do With, "No
drunkard shall enter the kingdom of
heaven"? Can any one believe that God
would create a disease, then damn a man's
soul because he is so unfortunate as to be
infected with that malady? I believe ev
ery man that gets drunk, does so from
choice. He knows that to drink, means
get drunk. And If he does not know it he
is a subject for the insane, not inebriate,
asylum. I am accused of being an unnat
ural mother. Perhaps. But what about
the unnatural son or husband? And they
must be such to ignore the most heart
felt wish and prayer of wife or mother
4AN OLD NEWSPAPER » ♦
4 OWNED BY OSCAR RAY 4
44444444444441- < 4 >44444444
A newspaper which is more than 100
years old is owned by Oscar Ray, of the
firm' of Stewart & Ray.
The paper is the Ulster County Gazette,
which was published at that time at
Kingston, Ulster county, by Samuel
Freer & Son. The paper owned by Mr.
Ray Is the eighty-eighth number of the
second volume. It was issued on Satur
day, January 4th, 18C0.
An account .of the death and interment
of General George Washington with ac
counts of.the services held by the senate
of the United States and by the house of
representatives, are found in the paper.
3o much space was in fact devoted to
this account that the editor explains in a
note to his subscribers that It is neces
sary to condense other news, which he
accomplishes by stating news that would
now be given a half page in a space of
three lines.
The noticable thing about the Ulster
County Gazette is the old style "s,” which
so much resembles the modern "f" as to
confuse those who are unaccustomed t<Fit. •
It is the advertisements that are most
interesting.
The following is a sample:
“For Sale: The one-half of a saw mill,
with a convenient place for building, ly
ing in the town of Rochester. By the mill
Is an inexhaustible supply of pinewood.
And also, a stout, healthy,* active negro
Any person inclined to purchase
may know the particulars by applying to
John Schoonmaker, at Rochester.”
A second advertisement 'demonstrates
that domestic infelicities axe not the re
sult of the modern civilization to which
they are frequently attributed. It is
headed "Second Notice,” and contains the
following information:
“Second notice of my wife, Hannah, is
hereby given, .forbidding all persons
whatever from harboring or keeping her,
and from trusting her on my account, as
I am determined to pay no more debts of
her contracting.
“MATYS VAN STEENBERGH.”
An Idea of the value of land at the time
the Ulster County Gazette was printed Is
contained in the following notice.
"To be Sold: A farm lying at Little
Shandakan, in the town of Woodstock,
holden to lease forever, at five pounds a
year. Containing, according to the lease,
180 acres. About 20 acres cleared, with a
new blockhouse of two rooms on the
same. For further particulars and an
Indisputable title apply to
“HEARDRICK POST.”
The old paper Is very highly valued by
Mr. Ray. He has had it for many years
and exhibits U on rare occasions to his
friends. It is yellow with age and Is
cracking in many places, but the print
ing is still plain and the news must have
been interesting at the time it was pub
lished to the readers of the sheet.
for the soft persuasion of low, evil design
ing companions.
I, too, know a widow, a lovely woman,
with an only son. They had a pice home,
neatly furnished. The son took to drink,
then to ganibling. Next thing, to de
mand money from his mother. She was
filled with “charity that suffereth long."
Piece after piece of furniture went, until
all wa£ sold that could be disposed of.
One day the son rushed in, "Mother I
must have five hundred dollars.” The
poor woman exclaimed, “Son, I could not
raise that much to save me.” "Mortgage
this house!” came from the son. "No, I
can’t do that.” “Mother If you don’t I
will commit suicide.” "Wait a moment,”
said the mother, and she left the room.
She returned with the only rug in . the
house, and said, as she placed it on the
floor, “Stand so as to fall on this.”
little Incident made a man of that
boy. I say. what we need more than the
Inebriate asylum is “men,” and In the sec
ond place, Is wives and mothers with more
“backbone,” so 'to speak. I don’t believe
in warfare in the horns. But if I had to
contend with a drunken husband or son,*'
one time would so near “convert” him
that a little talk would do the rest. Make
our homes pleasant, then require that it
is kept so. ,
No; I do not desire any one should go
to prison. But if one so lives as to be
sentenced. I say it is more honor to serve
than pay out. And as to “former asso
ciates,” they, could not be very elevating,
or they would not lead to where they so
often do. And still think an inebriate
asylum Is but encouraging drunkenness.
CALLIE ELLIS.
Jesup, Ga. t
SPLENDID WORK OF
AN INDUSTRIAL HOME
To the Editor of The Journal:
Will you grant me space In your great
paper for a few lines concerning our in
dutsriaJ school at Baldwin, Ga.
The work was commenced under the
auspices o- the W. S. G. M. society of
Georgia, but is purely undenominational.
The purpose was to reach those poor
children who have never had any instruc
tion, and through them reach their par
ents. The success achieved --r surpass-,
es the sanguine expectations of the most
ardent supporters. The transformation
wrought already by the influence of the
school is remarkable.
The receptive faculties of those eager
minds, like thfe plastic-clay in the potter s
hand, are susceptible to the “finer touch"
of the efficient teachers’ wand. The three
teachers in charge are peculiarly fitted for
this kind of work, being thoroughly pro
ficient in the best methods of teaching.
Under their instruction the interest of the
children has become so great that they
scarcely remain at home for breakfast.
To appreciate the work one must see. To
see is to be convinced.
Baldwin is located on rhe Southern rail
way, about 90 miles above Atlanta, and is
fast becoming a health resort. It is the
second highest point in the United States.
The natural scenery “lends enchantment"
to all lovers of nature. The "eternal
hills” rise one above the other, clothed
-with beautiful shrubbery and sweet flow
ers, until they nestle at the foot of
Yonah mountain, furnish a sublime pic
ture unsurpassed by Swltzenands bewitch
ing scenery.
Peach growing has proven successful,
and letters of inquiry are coming from all
sections. Monied men are investing in
lands.
The philanthropist has but to see depict
ed in real life the sad picture us indolence,
poverty and Ignorance. And here we have
it. "Would-be” bright children bound
down by the steel cords of environments
not of their making, encased in dismal
huts of unbearable filth; schooled in indol
ence. reared in poverty and sacrificed on
the altar of vice. A pathetic picture that
should appeal strongly to all “lovers of
men.” All these children need is an op
portunity. And what we want is an in
dustrial school in reality. A school where
the girls in addition to their class-room
work can be instructed by a trained ma
tron in all that pertains to a decent, at
tractive well-ordered home.
A large farm where the boys can be
drilled in the agricultural and industrial
features under the supervision of a skill
ed director. What we need is a conven
iently arranged, commodious dormitory.
The people of Baldwin have donated 60
acres of good land, 1.000 peach trees and
SSOO in money. We confidently expect oth
er larger donations real so"bn.
And at the hearts of the many better
favored of our great country, the need of
those children knock with repeated em
phasis. Will you not open and lend a
helping hand? Any donation will be glad
ly received and wisely applied. Yours in
behalf of those needly children,
ERNEST MOBLEY.
Harmony Grove. Ga.. Agent.
Perhaps it has never occurred to the in
surance companies that one way of mak
ing ends meet would be to reduce ex
penses, as all other business concerns do,
when their losses arte greater than their in
come, instead of digging down into the
pockets of the people every time.
I - ■■■ —
Educational Field I
Conducted By Hon. M. B. Bennis ||
There exists between the city and the
rural schools of Georgia a difference that
necessarily should not be so great as is
actually the case. The difference is a
great deal more than most people are
aware of, and It plays a most important
part in the political results of the-work
of the two classes of schools. . It affects
the time in school necessary for a satis
factory completion of the course, the char
acter and the permanency of the work
done, and the possibility of educational
advantages higher than those afforded by
the rural schools. It is a matter worthy
of the most serious consideration of those
concerned—a matter that affects our pres
ent and future welfare most vitally—and
should be taken up as any other import
ant Interest and disposed of in a common-,!
sense, business-like way. It is not a mat-«
ter to quibble about, or to be made con
tingent upon what the masses might con
sider a reasonable or an unreasonable
rate of taxation—schools or no schools—
or to be deferred or set aside until better
times come, or to be half-way or two
thirds provided for; but It is a question
that demands immediate attention, one
that touches in its sweep every people,
every interest, every individual; knd, ap
parently, not satisfied with things tempo
ral, it reaches into elernlty itself and
claims an interest there. In its applica
tion it is universal; in its interest It is
eternal, and is here to critics or no
critics, croakers or no croakers.
Except so far as the country unit has been
broken by the withdrawal of so many
cities and towns and the inauguration by
them of separate, independent systems
which, of course, has lessened the rural
educational possibilities, no discredit at
taches to the city schools because the
difference is in their favor; and we are
not prepared to say that they deserve any
special credit on this account, for the
difference, more than likely, Is the result
of natural conditions to be found only In
aggregation of wealth and population.
But however more favorable the condi
tion of the city schools as compared with
that of the rural, if need never discourage
the latter to the extent even of cooling
thein ardor or o> extinguishing their hope
for better things educationally. On the
contrary, the example of the cities should
be a stimulus, an object lesson to the ru
ral districts to incite them to things high
er and nobler.
But it should never be forgotten that,
if the rural districts shall ever secure the
same, or approximately the same, edu
cational facilities enjoyed by the cities,
the conditions which exist naturally in
cities and which make possible Iheir su
perior advantages, must obtain in the
country. These conditions do not come
voluntarily or unsought. They are the
product of united thought and effort, and
in' the country must be produuced arti
ficially.
When public opinion shall reach the
point where It Is ready to be divested of
‘prejudice, and to accept and adopt, as
sensible and business-like means to an
end, first, the consolidation of rural
schools; second, hauling to school chil
dren living tpo remote to walk, and third,
local taxation for improved facilities, the
city school conditions may be approxima
ted by the country precincts. Until this
is accomplished, we need never look for
any marked improvement in the condi
tions existing in the country. The first
will accomplish for the country what the
city schools have by reason of a larger
enrollment, greater number of teachers,
and better facilities for classification and
gradation of pupils; the second will ac
complish what the city schools have by
virtue of dense population; the third will
secure for the country - identically the
same advantages that local taxation has
secured for the cities—longer term schools
and prompt payment of teachers.
We will note briefly some of the main
differences between the .city and rural
schools: .
City schools generally are operated from
nine to ten months, or 180 to 200 days, each
year, and are free to all children of school
age within the corporate limits. Country
schools, on an average, in this state are
run for five months, or about 100 days.
A child attending a city school regular
ly, from six years of age to the comple
tion of the course—say twelve grades—
will finish the prescribed work in twelve
years. The same child In a country
school operated only five months during
the year, will consume twenty-one years
in mastering the same work.
The city child will finish his work on his
eighteenth birthday, while the country
lad will have passed his twenty-seventh
summer before winning his diploma.
If the city boy enters college immediate
ly after finishing his school course and
spends four years within its walls, he will
come forth ready to assume the duties of
life, Just twenty-two years old. The coun
try boy, however, pursuing the same
course, would be thirty-one years of age.
The city boy, *in consequence of a nine
month's annual term, loses no time dur
ing his entire course. The country lad
loses four months each year, or forty
eight months during the course.
In the struggle for existence'after grad
uation, the city boy will have, in age, nine I
years the advantage of the boy who at
tended the country school.
As a rule, the city schools are supplying
the great body of students to our colleges.
Students in the country schools rarely get
far enough advanced to enter college be
fore they must quit and settle down to
work. \
City schools have a teacher to every one
or two grades, and the instruction on ac
count of the time possible for class drill
ing is, or should be, thorough and of the
most approved type. The great bulk of
the country schools must do with one
Reacher only for the entire scho9l of from
seven to ten grades. The work in the lat
ter must, of course, be far below the form
er berth as to quantity and quality.
City schools receive constant and expert
supervision. County schools, on account of
their number and widely scattered condi
tion, receive not half enough supervision,
to say nothing of the quality.
City schools pay teachers an average an
nual salary of >452.15, while that of the
country teacher is only $122.98. Is it diffi
cult to guess which system will likely se
cure the best talent?
The average annual salary of city sup
erintendents is >9OO or more, while that of
the courU-V school commissioner is only
$462.98. "Which would reasonably be ex
pected to do more and better work?
It is not our purpose in the least to con
demn or even reflect on the work as a
whole that is done, or not done, lq the
country public schools. There are isolated
instances, no doubt, where the work and
results are not commensurate with possi
bilities were more interest taken in the
matter by local authorities, but as a
whole, allowing for local environments
and conditions which generally are shaped
by local public sentiment, about as much
is accomplished as is possible. Improve
ments of any consequence under the most
favorable conditions, are necessarily grad
ual and slow, but when such as the old
“blue back" spelling book crowd and the
“ba. be. bl. bo, bu, by" fossils are t» be
contended with, it is nothing less than
amazing that anything at all is done. But
in the face of these conditions, which can
not be disproved by facts, people all ovet
the state—some of them intelligent people
—are denouncing the public schools of the
state because the work with w*hich they
are directly acquainted is not what it
should be, or because, generally speak- j
ing, the country schools are not as effic
ient as the city schools.
How, in the ngme of reason, can the re
sults of the former compare with those
of the latter when their conditions are so
widely separated and so dissimilar? How.
in the name of common sense, can the
conditions of the former be improved until
public sentiment is prepared for it? How
can much progress be hoped for in that di
rection when. In addition to the naturally
slow process of shaping public sentiment,
a horde of crokers are to be watched and
prevented from misleading an unsuspect
ing public?
For the sake of decency and the better
ment of our condition, we would respect
fully suggest that these people quit growl
ing. and if they feel that they must mon
key with the business any way, let them
Join us ! f>oor devils In our'efforts to pro
duce better conditions. The millennium
might thus be hastened.
WHAT SORT OF REFORM •
’ DOES MRS. FELTON PROPOSE?
To the Editor off The Atlanta Journal:
Does Mrs. Felton.favor the compulsory
system of education, or no system?
Having taught public schools around
the foot of the mountains of North Geor
gia for the last nine years, I have been
afforded some opportunity for studying
the workings of the schools of the rural
districts. I have often thought the noble
object of the projectors of the public
school system of Georgia is almost defeat
ed by the very poor attendance upon the
schools by the children of the poorer
class. I had always supposed the prime
object of the system was to educate the
illiterate who are unable to attend the
pay schools.
Upon reading the first part of Mrs. Fel
ton’s article in The Journal of April 2d.
I rejoiced to think that she had come with
her clear logic and eloquent pen to advo
cate compulsory education. But I Jumped
to a conclusion too quick, for toward the
close of her article she says. “We have
had thirty years’ trial of the (present)
system and It has filled Jails and chain
gangs and convict camps to overflowing.”
Now does Mrs. Felton realty believe in
the truth of that statement and still ad
vocate a compulsory system? ■
Now, will the forcing of a few thousand
more children Into the schools raise the
standard of their moral training in the
schools one whit? If you answer no, then
we must admit that any compulsory sys
tem would only add the more victims to
this horrible mill which, according to Mrs.
Felton,- grinds out so many criminals.
However, In coming to the conclusion
as quoted above. Mrs. Felton seems to
have forgotten that the population of the
state has increased slightly in thirty
years, and that, by putting many felo
nies on the misdemeanor list and by en
acting new laws, the legislature has
greatly Increased the number of misde
meanor laws. We public school teachers
do not like to be charged with all the
petty crimes of Georgia for the last year
without entering a protest, even if we
do filch the thousands from the public
purse, and if we are capable of “lobby
ing the weak-kneed legislators.” I am
sorry to learn of Mrs. Felton that a ma
jority of the legislators %re of that class,
but am gratified to know what a powerful
influence the public school officer and
teachers may exercise. What a pity such
an influence should be <exerted in train
ing criminals, and in securing such legis
lation as makes the curse of the public
schools a possibility!
Possibly, the day is not far distant
when the voters of Georgia, will be so
awakened to their own Interests and so
aroused to the wrongs of the present
school system that they will elect a legis
lature a majority of whose members will
not “bow the knee to Baal,” nor be con
trolled by that “jobby of huge propor
tions.” Then that reform (?) can be in
stituted. In the meantime, we would be
glad if Mrs. Felton would tell us whfct
sort of reform to expect.
W. W. SAMPLER.
Spring Place, Ga.
KAISER’S YACHT METEOR
DAMAGED BY.GALE
LONDON, April 18.—The voyage from
New York of the G rm an imperial yacht
Meteor 111., which anchored off Hythe,
in Southampton water yesterday evening,
was by no means uneventful. She had
plenty of bad weather, and once, even the
safety of the yacht was endangered.
Lieutenant Commander Karpf, Emperor
William's representative on board the Me
teor, in an interview with a representative
of the Associated Press, said:
“With a strong northwest wind the
yacht proceeded under her own canvass
for the first couple of days, leaving the
steamer Scotia behind and ultimately los
ing sight of her altogether. During the
night of April 3, we again picked up the
steamer by night signals, and in the even
ing of April 4, we were taken in tow until
April 8, when, owing to a heavy swell, the
ropes carried away. Towing was resum
ed on the following day, when the wind
had fallen. The tow rope again parted
April 10, in a hard westerly gale.
’"On April 11. while again towing a hard
easterly blow sprang up. Owing to
heavy seas the Scotia was only just able
to keep steering way. The seas broke
«vfr her continually. At'4 o'clock in the
■morning of April 12. the Meteor’s bob stay
carried away. We cut away thelow rope,
hove to and tried hard to secure the bow
sprit, but we found that to be impossible
and the bowsprit was ultimately carried
away, seriously endangering the safety
of the yacht and all on board of her. We
managed, howeaer, to recover the spar.
"The weather became so bad we
were obliged to heave to for twenty-four
hours. Thereafter, the weather was gen
erally fine. We towed the rest of the day
to port.
“The Meteor behaved splendidly and re
mained dry throughout the bad weather.
She fs* a fast sailer.** ■
DEWEY IS INVITED '
TO FUNSTON BANQUET
DENVER, Col., April 18.—Admiral
Dewey has been invited to come to Den
ver and be a guest of honor at a banquet
which the First regiment, Colorado Na
tional Guards, will give to General Fred
erick Funston, commander of the De
partment of Colorado, at the Windsor
hotel on May Ist. the anniversary of the
battle of Manila bay.
The invitation was sent to Admiral
Dewey yesterday by Colonel Verdockberg,
of the First regiment, and Captain Nel
son. of Company E, both of whom are the
committee which has charge of the ban
quet and reception.
Letters have been written the Colorado
representatives in Washington, request
ing them to call upon Admiral Dewey and
urge him to accept the invitation.
It begins to look like the gubernatorial
race is to develop a regular Sam Jones of
a time at last.
Miscellaneous.
AGENTS WANTED—“Life and ■''Teachings of
Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage.” Introduction by
Ruesell H. Conwell. D. D Most complete and
authentic biography of thia celebrated divine,
to which is added his grandest and most in
spiring discourses and writings which have
made his name famous around the world. Sold
only by subscription. Terms liberal. Send 10
cents in postage for mailing outfit and secure
first choice of territory. Address D. E. Luther
Publishing Company, Atlanta, Ga.
BOSTROM’S IMPROVED FARM LEVEL
Dct a MAKESHIFT, but
the best one made for Ter-
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age. Price $5 00 including
Tripod and Sliding Target
4 W Rod. Send for descriptive
ZjQk circular and Illustrated
Treatise on Terracing, free.
J. M. ALEXANDER A. CO..
tS Afc » S. Pryor St., Atlanta, Ga.
5
