Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, June 12, 1902, Image 5

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Atlanta semi-weekly journal., June 12, 1902, Page 5, Image 5

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Newspaper Page Text:^QW-Tv^r-y-=-4--r— — j I Talks With Farmers Conducted By C. H. Jordan Ifil » . ♦ Official Organ of Southern ♦ ♦ Cotton Grower*’ Association ♦ ' > Th* Keml-Weekly Journal to theoffi- < > ’ • Mai organ of the Southern Cotton < > « > Grower* Protective Association. the < > < > only official paper of that organise- < > < i toon, and hereafter all official c<<n- < , < > aaunieattons of the associations offi- , , < > ears. and all matters pertaining to Hi , < . affairs will appear tn there columns. < , < > The Journal also Invitee members of , , , , the association and cotton growers and , , . , termers generally to use Its columns , , ' tor the expression of such Mews and , , suggestions as mav be of interest and ( ( Value to the agricultural interests of ( ( the south. _ , , ’ The Journal will devote each week two columns, as requested by the as ' ’ aoetattoa. to a Cotton Department. ' ' tn which will appear the official com- ’ totonlcathme of the association and ' > such statistl-al and other information ' • as bears upon the work of the asso- < ' ' • elation and all matters of intereat to < • « • southern cotton growers. ♦ Mil 11111 IIIMM I II ll*** I ♦ Subscribers are requested to ad- ♦ ♦ dress all Inquiries for Information ♦ ♦ on subjects relating to the farm. ♦ ♦ field, garden and poultry to the ♦ ♦ Agricultural Editor. All Inquiries ♦ ♦ will receive prompt and careful at- ♦ ♦ tention. No inquiries answered by ♦ ♦ mail Please address Harvte Jordan. ♦ ♦ Agricultural Editor. Monticello. Ga. •> i> ’ ♦ M* 11 |IIII II I I 111 I I »♦♦♦ ONION CULTURE. I much prefer writing on subjects re lating to diversified agriculture than to confining my discussions so much to the few general field crops which at present engage so much of the attention of our people. Diversity is the keynote to suc cess in southern agriculture. Too much attention to any one crop not only means •verproduc::'r. but it is bad policy to put all the eggs in one basket, unless ire could foresee or prophesy seasons, trade conditions, etc. The following in quiry has Just come to hand, in com pany with many others on various sub jects. and It can be best answered by covering the whole field of onion culture as far as possible: •*W. A. P.. Hartwell. Ga., June X 19®.— Aa you seem disposed to treat us all kind ly. I want to ask you some questions about the onion business. "1. Are they saleable? "2. Where would be a good market? "X Would you sell direct, or have com mission merchants handle? "4 When is the best time to market, when first gathered, or hold over until winter? I harvest In June. "5. Which is the proper way to put them up for market? “6. What ought they to be worth in ground, or at different seasons of the year? “7. What would be the freight per btrjhel for ISO miles? How much tn a crate, and how are they usually made? “T. Give me the names of some good commission merchants in such markets as you would recommend? ■l®. What commission do merchants usually chargeF* Jbere is scarcely any vegetable crop which is of more general import ance to the city and rural population of the United States than the onion crop. There are larger profits in the business to skilful growers, where soils and cli matic conditions are favorable. It is no unusual sight in some sections to see from 25 to 100 acres of land planted in one field. Notwithstanding the extensive area planted tn onions in this country every year, there are yet hundreds of thousands of bushels of onions imported from Bermuda. France. Spain and Cuba to meet the demand of our people. Soil and Preparation. It is quite evident that the home demand has not yet been supplied by local grow er*. and the business is yet an inviting one. The proper selection of soil is quite an important item in this country. The profit or loss in the business very often depends upon the character and fertility of the soil used to grow the crop. Heavy clay soils should be avoided, because they are not only difficult to cultivate, but are often difficult in organic matter, and cannot be properly drained. The surface of such soils often bakes and dries and may not be gotten into condition for early planting. Too sandy soils should be avoided, because of their incapacity to resist droughts and to hold the fertilisers applied. A medium, sandy land abound ing in decayed vegetable matter is the best. Muck lands are alao good. Plowing under a heavy crop of pea vines in the fall will furnish sufficient vegetable mat ter for the onion crop t\e following spring. When the pea vines are plowed under a good dressing of barnyard manure should be broaucasted over the land and harrowed in. This will p>ace the soil in excellent condition for a crop of onions. The following spring the land can be put In nice prlable condition with a disc _rrow t Fertilizing and Planting. . fanure from the hog pen or poultry house is the best, though any well rotted bam yard manure is good. A high grade commercial fertiliser, using nitrate of soda, for the nitrogen element will give good results also, and it should be used bpggncipahy as a top dressing. The ma nures should Le spread on the land and harrowed in just before planting, about ♦» loads per acre being the average amount required. Commercial fertilisers, apply about 300 pounds per acre In four equal dressings, t-e first application just before planting, the others at intervals during the growth of the plants. The land should be prepared by plowing to a depth of ten inches or more. Mak ing the rows U inches apart and allowing three Inches between the bulbe. it will require L4J4B plants to set out one acre. The seed can be sown In the fall or winter and transplanted, or the bulbs or sets ean be purchased. If sets are used, they will cost from S 3 to $4 per bushel. ■nd require from 6 to 10 bushels to set an acre. The set* should be planted as early ** possible to mature a crop of larger tuber* before very hot weather. Transplanting is best, if the grower will properly plant and care for the seed bed. Cultivation should be shallow and fre quent. The wheelhoe is an important implement and should be frequently used to keep down the weed* and grass, and also to keep the top *oil nicely pulverised, -a the bulbs begin to mature and bottom out. the soil should be gradually plowed ewir from. them. Hand weeding between the bulbs is an expensive Item in the culture, and the work can be most eco nomically done with boys and girls. Harvesting and Storing. Harvestfhg should begin promptly at maturity, or when most of the necks have turned yellow and are withering. The plants are pulled up and deposited in windrows containing the onions from three or four rows. The crop should be left In these windrow* for about ten days, or until they are fully cured. If the weather i* rainy, they can be cured under sheds. Handle the bulb* carefully to pre vent bruising. If the sunshine is very hot. place the bulbs in larger piles and cover with straw, to prevent the sun shine from turning the exposed bulbs green. I In storing for winter, the bulbs should be thoroughly cured first, or they will either sprout or decay. In storing, if proper care and ventilation is not pro vided there will be considerable loss from shrinkage, decay, etc. For these reasons It is more profitable to most growers to dispose of the crop when gathered. For inexperienced growers thia Is certainly the best plan, though price* are much better in early spring than In the cum mer and fall. For successful winter Stor ing the bulb* must be well matured, thor oughly cured, not bruised and In a per fectly dormant state. The tops may be cut about an inch above the bulb with a pair of sheep shears. Specially constructed frost proof build ing* should be erected for storing the bulb* through winter. The most popular American grown varieties are the Dan vers. Extra Early Red. Egyptian. Globe. Silver Skin, and W..ner«field. The best foreign varieties are Giant Rocca, Mam moth Pompeii, and the New Queen. Onions are shipped to market In boxes or barrel*, into which a thin layer of straw is first placed, followed by a layer of onions and so on until the barrel is filled. Prices ar* lower in the summer and fall than in the winter and early spring. There is. however, a good, active de mand at all seasons for good sized market can be found in any of the large cities, either In the south or north. The price fluctuates with demand. In shipping any product from the farm to market ‘to be handled by commission men, It is best to make a personal visit to such markets, get the names of reliable dealers and make the best terms possible. The per cent charged for handling such products depends largely upon the condition of the market, and other details. I think the usual charge is about 10 per cent net. The question of freight rates must be obtained from the roads over which the products are to be shipped, and all infor mation can be furnished by the agent at the shipping point. The business is a profitable one if properly handled. The yield should be from 600 to 800 bushels per acre. HARVIE JORDAN. INQUIRY DEPARTMENT. A Reader, Iztmpkfn, Ga. I am a constant reader of the Journal and notice a great many inquiries are made. I thought I would make one. please give me a remedy for chicken cholera and its preventive. Answer.—Fowl* with cholera are intense ly thirsty and want water all the time. The following mixture is one of the best to cure or check the disease: Laudanum. 1 ounce; tincture capsicum. 1 ounce; tincture camphor. 1 ounce; pure chloroform. 3 drachms; alcohol. 5 drachms. Mix and shake well. Add 2 teaspoonfuls of this to each quart of drinking water and allow no other kind of water until the fowls are cured. The diseased chick en* should be isolated from the rest of the flock until cured. A strong tea made from white oak bark and add half pint of it to each quart of drinking water is also good. Force the liquid down the chicken’s throat, if it 1* too weak to stand. A great many so-called cases of cholera is noth ing but indigestion, lice and filthy sur roundings. If | the poultry houses and yards are kept in nice, clean condition the poultry are not likely to be afflicted with any kind of serious or contagious dis ease*. W*O H., Red Level, Ga. I would be glad to know what to do for my hogs. They are dying every day. I lost three recently that would have made 300 pounds pork each. Afterward I lost another that would have made 260. I,had a fine sow that brought 12 pigs in March. A few day* ago I found her sick and within a few hours she was dead. They were in good order. Some of them were fat enough for fresh eating. I notice that their mouth* seem to be sore, as it troubles them to bite corn off cob, but if it is shelled they can eat better, but soon get so they won't eat at all. I also notice their stools look black and tarry and are very offensive. Urine is bloody. I had to take my colts off pasture on ac count of a clover-looking weed that made their mouths sore anu caused saliva. I have an idea that this weed has something to do with my hogs. Horses, cow* and hogs all relish it and eat it with rajtidity. 1 enclose a sample and will be glad to have your idea a* to what it is and what effect it has, if any. Any information you can give will be gladly received. If it is tbo late to do me any good perhaps it may benefit some one else. Answer.—Your hogs died with cholera the most deadly and most contagious dis ease that preys upon pora. All the dead animals should have been burned up at once, and the well animals changed to other quarters. The old beds, fence cor ners. etc., about the premises ought to be cleaned up, destroyed and lime freely scattered about. The following formula, if prepared and kept on hand, is the best known remedy for checking this fatal disease: Wood charcoal, 1 poutad, sulphur, 2 pounds; sodium chloride (salt), 2 pounds; sodium bicarbonate (soda), 2 pounds; so dium hyposulphite 2 pounds; sodium sul phate (Glauber salts), 1 pound; antimony sulphide, 1 pound. Mix and give a table spoonful for each 200-pound weight of hogs once or twice a day. It is best given in slops. This remedy will cost about ten cents per pound, and is the one so mtsch imitated and sold under different names by patent medicine dealers at 50 cents per pound. The sample of clover which you send is what is known as "old field clover." It has a small white bloom and grows quite extensively all over middle and north Georgia. While it salivates stock badly at this period of the year, I have never known any harmful effects to come from it, if the horses were given salt twice a week. It Is easily destroyed if plowed up before it seeds. This clover had noth ing to do with killing your hog*, though it will salivate your horses at this period of the year. Mr*. J. T., Pendleton, B. C. I am a subscriber to the Semi-Weekly Journal, and would like Information through Its columns as to the best way of cultivating the strawberry. The beds have been planted four years and were nearly a failure this year. Could they be plowed up and reset In June or July and make a profitable crop next spring; or, could the tops be cut off and then ground burnt off? I have read of it being done that way. Should they be littered or not in fall? Please give me full instructions. Should I keep runners pulled off to make fine fruit? Any information will be thank fully received. Answer.—The strawberry bed ought to be reset every year, or two years. Your best plan would be to take up your sets about the first of September, replow the bed* thoroughly, broadcast on your man ure, harrow it, lay off the row* and reset the beds again. It is all right to keep the runners pulled off. The idea of burning off the bed is not a good one. Any time between July and October is a good period for transplanting, though the work can be done in early spring. The fall settings get a firmer hold in the soil and will produce better crops than the spring plantings in the south. It is not absolutely necessary to mulch strawber ries in the south during winter to protect the vine* from cold, but it is beneficial to the beds to mulch inem in November, or at time of transplanting, with pine straw to a depth of about three inches, rows and middles. In the spring the mulch keeps the berries free from sand and dirt, rendering them much more acceptable for the table or the market. ■ The mulch also conserves moisture, THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, JUNE 12, 1902. WEST. POINT ACADEMY CELEBRATES ITS ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY (Syracuse Post-Standard.) Tomorrow will be an Important day in the history of the United States Military Academy at West Point, for on that day will be celebrated the centennial anniver sary of the establishment of the institu tion. The president is expected to be present as well as other prominent Fed eral officials, both civil and military. While the anniversary will be celebrated on June Ith, the actual anniversary has passed. It was on March 16, 1812, after sev eral unsuccessful attempts had been made to provide a military academy, that con gress passed a bill authorizing the presi dent to establish a corps of engineers to consist of a major, two first lieutenants, two second lieutenants and ten cadets, with the pay of sl6 per month. The school was opened with this staff: Jonathan Williams, major of engineers and superintendent; William A. Barron, captain of engineers, and teacher of nat ural and experimental philosophy; James Wilson and Alexander Macomb, first lieutenants of engineers; Joseph G. Swift and Simon Levy, second lieutenants of engineers. The last two persons were stu dents. In one of the early reports Major Wil liams said that "the military academy as it now stands is like a foundling, barely existing among the mountains, and al most unknown to its legitimate parents." The quarters of the cadets were in a long wooden building located where the super intendent's quarters now stand, and the academy building proper was an old two story structure. For board the cadets were sent to neigh boring farmhouses and it is related that at times they were none too well fed. As no fuel had been provided for winter use and as the surrounding country had been well cleared of timber, foraging for wood was not an idle or occasional pastime. •• • , In this manner the academy struggled along until the war of 1812 forcibly di rected the attention of the government to the needs of the institution. In a message The Greatest Fraud of the Century. T. P. O’Connor in M. A. P. We all know the Rue de la Palx in Paris. It is the street of the biggest jeweler* and the most expensive dressmakers In Paris. No visitor has ever been to Paris— especially no woman—who has not passed down its splendid spaciousness and gazed in wonder at the dazzling treasures in its windows. It is a street that figures in ev ery French novel of present day manners, and if the writers of France be not calum niators, it is a street which has been as the Valley of Tophet to fashionable and extravagant womanhood in Paris —the dark abyss in which women have buried love of husband, duty to children, honor, affection, hope. It is the street, likewise, in which weak 4nd Infatuated men have found their temptation and their doom; have bought the jewels for some frail and venal beauty, and all the other luxu ries which have robbed them of ancestral homes, of broad acres, of millions of francs, and have finally landed them and the great and historic names they bore in the hell of hunger or the deeper hell of the police court and the cell. Behind every counter in every shop in this street, and underneath the beaming face and oily smile of the shopkeepers, one can without much imagination behold the death’s-head of ruin, dishonor, suicide, the grave; and the softest eye there must look hard, cruel, rapacious, if one only remembers the parts in hutnan Ilves their big ear-rings and glittering jewels have played. This Rue de la Palx. then, is the great Apain Way of all that is luxurious, corrupt, desperate, sinister in Paris; in all that city of scepticism, pleasure, reckless playing in life and death—here is the very New York Commercial Advertiser. The cost of the Boer war from a finan cial point of view is generally estimated in the journals of this city and even by those more or less in touch with busi ness affairs, at 31.250.000,000, though why these figures were adopted Intelligent In vestigation fails to reveal. Os course the actual cost of the war to Great Britain will be nothing like the amount figured and it is even doubtful if it will reach the more conservative total of 3850,000,000 recently given by a writer in these col umns. The probabilities are that the cost to Great Britain will not exceed SBOO,- 000,000 and may even be less than that. When* the war began in 1899 the British government was paying something like >100,000,000 for Its army—the expenditure in 1899. in fact, was exactly that figure, or $11,797,995 less than the gross estimates for the year. The expenditures in 1900 leaped up to $218,000,000, which were al most doubled in 1901, the figures being $458,550,000, while the estimate* voted for 1901-1902 were $458,908,695. The actual ex penditures have not yet been reported, but as Lord Kitchener has reduced the expenses about $5,000,000 a mdnth by his admirable system, they will be, in all probability, not more than $399,000,000. But this is the expenditure for the whole army engaged in South Africa or else where at home or abroad. Obviously a The “Patrician No*e.** From Blackwood’s Magazine. The moulding influences already alluded to, which render the patrician nose to some extent a product of culture, seem mainly traceable to a close association which exists between certain muscles at tached to the more flexible parts of the nose and those in the immediate neighbor hood. Nowhere is the lasting mark of dominant mental habits mqre plainly seen than in the muscles about the mouth. They are continually in action when we exercise the will—either in self-control or in attempts to control other men or things —and every time they come into play they give a chastening tug at our noses. Final ly, it may be said that, for the mainte nance of a patrician nose at its best, a well balanced mind is almost as necessary as carefulness in outward behavior. Its chastity of tint and outline is endangered, got only by high living and low thinking, but also by the habitual and unrestrained indulgence of emotions generally deemed Innocent, and even laudable. These, through their strange secondary influence upon the nerves which regulate the circu lation and nutrition of the skin of the face, are quite capable of inducing a cer tain coarseness of expression curiously akin to that induced by Indulgence in vicious pleasures. Herein, perhaps, may be found some sort of crude and general recipe for an aristocratic nose—which is offered, in all good faith—out with no ab solute warranty—to every one with good powers of mental assimilation. There can be no doubt that the ordinary blebeian nose, with the somewhat low bridge, concave profile and wide nostrils, is, above all others, the nose which Is proper, to mankind. All other types are developed from it. Even now the whole human species, of whatever race, possesses it in early Infancy. A Sad Case. Baltimore World. Pat—Poor Mike is did. Terry—Yis; he nixer aven lived to in joy his life Insurance. smother* grass and weeds and adds humus to the soil. Just plow up your old bed. fertilize it well, transplant a new bed, mulch it this winter and you should have a nice crop of luscious berries next spring. to congress President Madison urged that the academy be madt a scientific and military school worthy “he term. Gradu ally the system of training was strength ened. Examinations which formerly amounted to almost nothing were made stiffer and where no age limit had been placed upon cadets, some of them being as young as 14 years and others as old as 30, the rule has been modified until now a cadet must be over 17 years old and under 22. , . Until 1817 no class ranks were establish ed among the cadets at the academy, no register of classes was published and in the assignment to positions in the army, cadets demanded the right to select such corps as seemed to them most satis factory. When Major Bylvanus Thayer was ap pointed superintendent of the academy in July. 1817, the institution was at low ebb. but he set heroically about Inaugurating those changes which have made West Point Military Academy rank high among the military schools of all nations, and caused him to be known as the father of the school. With the beginning of Major Thayer’s administration the success of the academy was assured. Rules approved by President Monroe went into effect in 1818 and the general plan of administration inaugurated at that time has been carried out ever since. The rules provide that the assignment of ca dets to the different army corps and their relative rank must depend upon their mer it, to be determined by a competent board of examiners, and that no cadet shall be promoted until after he has received his diploma. The gray uniform of the West Point cadets has become so well known and sucn a mark of honor that it is Interesting to note how it came into use. While in Buffalo in 1814 General Scott made a re quest of the quartermaster of the army for new clothing for the regular soldiers. He received answer that the blue cloth such as had been used previously for uniforms could not be obtained, because ofj a block- natal ground of hardness, cynicism, re lentless pursuit of gain—relentless extor tion of the uttermost farthing of debt. It is a street where the shopkeeper has often had to transfer the princess or the fash ionable cocotte from the eiderdown bed to the pallet of straw—from dazzling cel ebrity to as notorious infamy. Yet it is into this street that Mme. Hum bert descends with nothing to back her demands for money but the three palpable forgeries; these fairy and fantastic tales of imaginary millions and invented lega cies, which even the veriest and tiniest gamin of Paris might have been supposed equal to evaporating into thin air with one breath of the satanlo wit of Paris. I look over the list of her creditor* and I find among them M. Roulln, a diamond mer chant—he has lent her £l6o,ooo—and M. Dumoret, who is a retired jeweler of the Rue de la Palx—he is down for £72,000. Indeed, two other things stand out in relief from this astounding list of credi tors—first, that so many of them are Jews —the last race in the world one would ex pect to be taken in so easily; and second ly, that the sums borrowed are of such gigantic proportions. This woman, what ever else she was, was grandiose in her ideas, she had none of the pettiness of the thief on a small scale; she stole, but she stole in the grand manner. From M. Schotmann, for instance, of Lille—a Jew, I should think from the name—she got £280,000; from MM. Girard, of Elbeuf, she got £248,000; from M- Lefevre, of Valenciennes, £168,000; from M. Chateau, of Roualx, £160,000; from M. Paul Bernard, a banker, £120,000; from M. Brugnere, of Narbonne, £104,000; from M. Oppenheimer, Monetary Cost of the Boer War. good round sum must be deducted In or der to give the actual expenditures upon the forces engaged in subduing the Boers. The total expenditures for the army in the three year*, 1900, 1901, 1902, would be $1,075,550,000, which in themselves are $250,000,000 less than “the cost of the war.” as usually given by the newspapers. De duct from this amount the usual army expenditures for three years, taking as a basis the figures for 1899 and amounting to $360,000,000 in round numbers, and the result is $715,650,000, from which again must be deducted the cost of the China troubles, upon which $28,300,000 was ex pended. This brings the actual cost of the war to $687,250,000 up to July L 1902. There remains yet to be taken into consideration the coet of maintaining the forces in South Africa until civil rule Is permanently established. Judging from the spirit displayed by the Boers this wal not be more than one year, if that; at any rate, the number of troops will be rapidly diminished with the disarming of the colonial population and the enormous cost of transport service will be material ly lessened. Accepting Secretary Brod rick’s statement of the economical genius of Lord Kitchener as a basis the cost of the forces in South Africa for 1902-1903 ought not to exceed $160,000,000; but grant ing that, adding In the $15,000,-0 for re stocking Boer farms and the cost of re transportation of Boer prisoners, it will OPCE OWNED MARTINIQUE. Grandmother of a Georgia Woman, For Fear of Volcanic Eruptions, Traded Away Greater Part of the Island. Athens (Ga.) Banner. A most interesting story was told a Banner reporter concerning the original possession of the Island of Martinique. The story concerns Mrs. S. C. Reese, of this city, whose grandmother once owned a greater part of the volcanic isle. Mrs. Reese's grandmother was Mme. Gouvaln, who was closely related in mar riage to Count de Trobriand of France. She was an intimate friend of Josephine de Beauharnals, who afterward became the wife of the great Napoleon, and she left France on the night on which Napo leon married the Austrian princess, Marie Louise, and came to America. Not satisfied with her possession in the French West Indies after her coming to America she traded her land on the Isl and of Martinique to Count d'Estang. the gallant French officer, to whom were given valuable lands in America for his services to the colonies during the revo lution. Most of these lands were in the southern states, and 20,000 acres were sit uated in Georgia, some of which embraced the present site of Athens, and others of which lay near Tallulah Falls. Mme. Gouvaln was advised by her agent to sell her possessions in Martinique on account of the volcanic condition of the country, and time has proved the wisdom of her choice. She was a very wealthy woman, and in close confidence with the powers of the monarchy of France. Mrs. Reese has now in her possession a most gorgeous dress of her grandmother, which was worn at the marriage of Napo leon to Josephine Beauharnals and which is a priceless relic. The story of the division of the GouVain estate, formerly belonging to D’Estang, is one of piecemeal separation and division until it became possessed by hundreds of relatives of the noted Frenchwoman. Mrs. Reese possesses much information in the shape of papers, maps, etc., concerning the Island of Martinique which descended from its original owner. Living in the country is alright; it Is living on a commuters* train between the city and the country that turns men Into brutes. ade, the embargo and the lack of home manufactures. In Philadelphia there was. however, a quantity of gray material, and this Gen. Scott ordered should be made into uni forms.. When the gray uniformed troop* marched down Niagara river some of the British made fun of them, calling them militia. It was these men in gray who fought the battle of Chippewa and won it, and in honor of the victory and as a mark of respect to Gen. Scott the gray uniform was adopted for use at West Point. From the two members of the first class in 1802 the attendance has Increased until at this time it is 4,100 and the centennial graduation class numbers fifty-four mem bers. The long list of men who have graduat ed from the academy during its even one hundred years of existence includes many distinguished names. The civil war was a particularly power ful Influence in bringing West Point into prominence as a military training school. Men in the Confederate as well as the Union armies who had been instructed in the art of war at West Point rendered valiant and able service to their respect ive causes. On the Union side were Ulysses 8. Grant, W. T. Sherman, Philip Sheridan, John M. Scofield, George B. McClellan. James B. McPherson, D. C. Buell, William S. Rosecrans, O. O. Howard, John Sedg wick, Winfield Scott Hancock, G. G. Meade. Joseph Hooker, H. W. Halleck and Robert Anderson, the defender of Fort Sumter. On the Confederate side were Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, Joseph Johnston, Albert Sidney Johnston, “Stonewall” Jackson, P. G. T. Beauregard, Joseph Wheeler, J. E. B. Stuart, Braxton Bragg, Jubal A. Early, John B. Hood, James Longstreet, Stephen D. Lee and A. P. Stewart. General Wheeler, Gen. S. D. Lee and General Stewart are still living and will be among the especially distinguished guests at this week's celebration. an antiquarian dealer, £68,000; from M. Samuel, of the stock exchange of Brussels, £40,000. It will be seen then that this splendid liar and thief did not go only among the simple and the poor and the confiding for her money; she descended without the tremble of a nerve Into the tiger pit of bankers, brokers, jewellers; Into the mighty world of Jewish finance; in fact, there was no man or class before whom she trembled—from whom she was not willing to ask huge and mountainous sums that could not be mentioned by the ordinary man or woman without a slight inner shudder—without a tremor in every limb and in every nerve. She who did not fear the living, was equally fearless of the dead; even of the dead whom she had sent to their pre mature and tragic doom. Time after time, the unfortunate banker or merchant or re tired statesman who had been seduced by her wondrous tongue into giving her all his fortune, found himbelf face to face with beggary; with a wife and children beggared as well, and with a brain reeling before the abyss, preferred death to fac ing the terrible reality. And profound, in deed, must have been the sleep and splen did the nerves, and of marble impenetra bility the conscience of the woman who could go through the day and night with out waking to the shrieks of Girard, who put a bullet in his brain; of Paul Bernard, who asphyxiated himself with prussic acid; of Schotmann, who was found as sassinated in a train; or any of these ten .victims, who saw In self-inflicted death, the one outlet from their ruin and their mad confidence in this woman’s word and honor. reach $200,000,000, the grand cost of the war up to July 1, 1908, will have been only $887,250,000. It is interesting to note the direction in which these moneys have been expended. The greatest item outside of the actual pay of the soldiery has been, as will prob ably be conjectured, that of provisioning the troops. In 1901 this cost $48,000,000, which, with the addition of th* cost of feeding the Boer prisoners in the recon centration camps, Increased in 1902 to $76,410,000. The next big item is the cost of transport service, which in 1900-1901 was $46,000,000, and in the following year something more than $76,000,000. For war like stores the cost in 1901 was $27,600,000, and in 1902 was $54,750,000. The pay of the men reached $43,500,000 in 1901 and increased to $75,787,500 in 1902. The clothing of the men cost something like $20,000,000. It may be stated here that these figures have been reached in each instance by deduct ing the mean cost of Great Britain’* standing army for several years before the war from the estimates for the army for the years during the war. The failure to do this in all computation* of the coet of the war seems to be one of the chief factors in reaching the figures of $1,250,- 000,000. ■ Manifestly it is unjust to add to the cost of the forces in South Africa the cost of the regular standing army of Great Britain, which must be maintained whether the country be at peace or war. Selections From School Exercise*. The World’* Work. "Apherblllty,” she reads, "is the state of being apherblle.” "Afferbiltty is the state of being Insane on one subject only.” “Serenade, a greenness as of grass.” "Reverberation is when Is made again into a verb.” ‘The equator is a menagerie Mon running around between the North and South Pole.” “They climbed Vesuvius to see the creator smoking.” “We celebrate the Fourth of July because Jesus bids us.” "Vengeance. Defn, a mean desire to pay back. Illus'n, ‘Vengeance is mine; 1 win re pay, saith the Lord.’ ” “Ingenious, a stupid person, from in. not, and genlous, a smart person." "Discretion, a difference of sex between ani mals.” "The early Briton wore a skin, he tied it St the waist. He wore legtons on his legs. He had eyes of a blue shade which plainly showed his semi-civillzatlon. He wore on hl* feet mocassions or scandals.” “Grand oper*. The only Grand Opera know 1s Wang.” ’ ' The Te Deum is a Grand opra.” “The British museum is the principal build ing In Parts.” "Aristides was a god; he was the female god of Phoenicia.” "Hannibal was an early Greek explorer who wrote a book called Herodttus." “Virgil was a Vestal Vergln.” “As I roamed in the deep woods I saw a herd of greyhounds hunting for prey.” "Julius Caesar was the mother of the Gracchi.” i ’ Prepared for Any Emergency. The Signal is still as independent as a Rocky mountain Billy goat, even if a few have tried to saw our horn off and shear our tall. Our better half has learned to be a first-rate typo grapher and mail clerk, two of our kids out of a number of seven are doing the press work and paper folding and will in the future be of valuable service to the editor who for some time past has been holding the bag alone.— Dahlonega Signal. —■ . ? All Mohammed, the best known dragoman in Egvpt and the Holy Land, who has acted as guide for W. W. Astor, General Alfred C. Barnes and every other millionaire who has toured the Nile region in the past twenty years, is enjoying his first visit to New York. S6O 00 Steel Range $Bl 00. Our free circulars give Cut “"’T price* of everything. Stoves $6.40, Dinner Bets $3.48,24 pieces Plated Table PADGETT FUR. CO, 1 I Augusta, Ga. Can Morality Exist Without Religion? BY BISHOP WARR REN A. CANDLER. 'HE discussion of this old question has been revived recently by some utterances , of Professor Goldwln Smith T and a publication by Professor Mor ris Jastrow of the University of Pennsylvania. The question bobs up periodically in certain quarters, in which it seems to be desired that mankind get rid of religion if it can be made quite clear that the race will behave itself with remarkable decency and safety after it has lost its faith. The idea seems to be that it is set tled beyond all doubt that there is no God for men to love and no fu-* ture before them and that the re tention of religion can be justified on one ground only, viz: that with out it morality would perhaps get In a bad way and social security might be imperiled thereby. But Professor Smith and Profes sor Jastrow come forward to as sure men that although without re ligion the world would have a bad half hour, nevertheless, the final outcome would be pretty much the same as with it. From all of which it logically follows that the conceptions of God, atonement and the future life are sterile ideas from which no ethical fruit is derived and that religion is a sort of ver miform-appendix to the moral sys tem, which might be cut off with out special if not with posi tive advantage. At best religion is a needless expense, these sapient philosophers would have us believe. So did not Washington, the father of our country, think. In his fare well address occurs the following paragraph: “Os all the dispositions and habits which lead to political prosperity religion and morality are indispensable supports. In vain would that man claim the tribute of patriotism who should labor to sub vert these great pillars of human happiness, these firmest props of the duties of men and citizens. The mere politician equally with the pious man, ought to respect and to cherish them. A volume could not trace all their connections with pri vate and public felicity. Let it simply be asked, where is the secu rity for property, for reputation, for life, if the sense of religious obligation desert the oaths which are the instruments of investiga tion in courts of justice? And let us with caution Indulge the sup position that morality can be main tained without religion. Whatever may be conceded to the influence of refined education on minds of peculiar structure reason and ex perience both forbid us .to expect that national morality can prevail in exclusion of religious liberty." When Washington was penning those words there was being enact ed in France the sad tragedy of a nation trying to get on after it* faith had perished. Morality was flung to the winds and all sort of cruelty and corruption were prev alent on every hand. The death chill which fell on religion through French scepticism sent a rigor through the whole social system. a The great La Place held a view similar to that of Washington, and that, too, after having enter tained a contrary opinion, which experience exploded. He says: "I have lived long enough to know what I did not at one time believe —that no society can be upheld in happiness and honor without the sentiment of religion." To the same effect speaks Ed mund Burke in these words: "True religion is the foundation of society. When that is once shaken by contempt, the whole fabric can not be stable nor lasting.” The case is admirably put by Longfellow; "Morality without reli gion is only a kind of dead reckon ing—an endeavor to find our place on a cloudy sea by measuring the distance we have run, but without any observation of the heavenly bodies.” If morality could have survived when separated from religion. It ought to have done so at Rome in the days of Caesar and Cicero and the years immediately following. No people ever had greater earthly advantages of a merely human sort to attain to ethical success, and no people were ever more entirely with out God and without hope in the world, unless we may except our modern materialists. But how did the experiment turn out? Juvenal says of the result: “There will be nothing further which posterity can add to our evil manners; those coming after can only reproduce our desires and deeds. Every vice stands already at its topmost sum mit." Tacltuz characterized the age with the bitter epigram "corrupted and corrupting," and declared the practice of virtue was virtually a sentence to death. Canon Rawlinson has pointed to the secret source of the frightful demoralization of the period: “Men generally looked to this life as alone worthy of their concern or care, and did not deem it necessary to pro vide for a future, the coming of which was so uncertain. All thought was concentrated on the modes of attaining in this world the utmost possible enjoyment, the infinite ca pacity of man for enjoyment vain ly seeking to obtain satisfaction within a narrow term of a human life-time. Hence the greatness and intensity of the heathen vice*; hence the enormous ambition, the fierce vengeance, the extreme luxury, the strange shapes of profligacy; hence the madness of their sensualism; hence Aplcian feasts, and Capuan retirements, and Neromic cruelties and Vitelian gormandlsm; they, be fore whose eyes the pale spectre ever stood, waving them onward with his skeleton hand to the black gulf of annihilation, fled to these and similar excesses to escape, if it might be, for a few short hours the thought which haunted them, the terror which dogged their steps.” Matthew Arnold sings of that pe riod these sad lines: "On that hard Pagan world disgust And secret loathing fell; Deep weariness and sated lust Made human life a hell.” That is what comes to pass mor ally in an age of religious scepti cism. Morals wither when faith fades. St. Paul writing an epistle to a church located at Rome shows them the source of the appalling corrup tion about them in these profound words of penetrating analysis. “Even as they did not like to re tain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, w ao mow vnings which are not convenient, being nlled with all un- . righteousness, fornication, wicked ness, covetousness, maliciousness, full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud bolsters, Inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, without un derstanding, covenant breakers, without natural affection, implaca ble and unmerciful.” This is the moral anarchy which arises from separating morality and religion; this is the outcome of an effort to preserve social order after men have determined that they will not “retain God in their knowl edge.” Against such a blasting upheaval if rellgicm were renounced in our day the dainty talk of our academic lectures would be as powerless as was the graceful periods of Cicero ineffective to stay Roman corrup tion—and more so. The Summer Season is full of dangers, particularly for the chil dren. who not knowing the result of eating un ripe fruit, indulge themselves with the usual griping pains In the stomach as a consequence. Mothers should have on hand at all time* a bottle of Painkiller (Perry Davis'), which will at onoe relieve the sufferer. It is a safe, simple remedy, and it should be kept in every house. Large bottles 25 and 50 cents. *•♦♦♦♦♦♦7* u*«*u ♦ IT WAS COLD ♦ ON MAY 27, 1827. ♦ ♦ ' ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦<■♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ There was nothing unusual In the cold snap line in Atlanta last week, when the weather record of the year 1827 is compar ed to the feeble efforts of the year 1902. This is essentially an "oldest citizen” story, as the official weather bureau of the government has been established here only a few year* more than a couple of decades. It is vouched for by one of At lanta's most substantial citizens, however, and may therefore be regarded as re liable. Every one who reads the newspaper* doubtless remember* the joint dispute that has been running for several years re garding the cold weather of 1849. Some oldest citizens declare that the cold weath er came on April 15th and others main tain that it came on May 15th. The main features they are certain about are that the cold snap came in 1849, and that it was a record breaker. Now comes the story of a cold snap that ia beyond the memory of the oldest citi zen, and there can therefore be no dispute about it. There is also a coincidence feature about the cold weather of May 27th, 1827. It will be remembered that the cold weather this year came on May 27th. On May 27, 1827, a cold snap occurred and 75 years later, on May 27, 1902, another-came. Inci dentally it might be mentioned that the cold snap of 1849—which was a cheap imi tation—came on a year whose last two figures make a product which is the result of 7 times 7. CapL William EL H. Phelps, the well known merchandise oroker, in regard to the cold weather of 1827, makes the follow ing statement: "In 1826 my father, Dr. Henry C. Phelp*, and his bride took a trip from Milledge ville, Ga., to what was then known as the far west, Columbus, Ga. This journey was full of perils and trials, and occupied several weeks. Few people who have traveled around the world have undergone the hardships and uie perils which my parents went through in making this trip which can now be made tn one day. "They lived in Columbus but one year, when there occurred one of the coldest spell* I have ever heard of for th* month of May. “My father told ms that on May 27. 1827, there occurred a cola spell which killed' all vegetation, and even to the leaves on the great oak trees. -My father told me that he had never known of such cold weather for that month of th* year.” I* Amiably Frumpish? London Truth. Good manners are now quite out of fashion, just as amiability, once regarded as a charming quality, is now dowdy in the extreme—even frumpish. A girl of to day would vigorously resent being de scribed as amiable. “I am not such a weak idiot as all that,” she . would say. “For goodness’ sake don’t libel me.” • An Appreciative Wife. From 'the Youth’s Companion. “Is your husband a good provider?" asked the sympathetic visitor. "Indeed, he is. mum. He got me three new places to wash last week.” Weak Men Cured Free Send Name and Address Today—You Can Have It Free and Be Strong and Vigoroua for Life. INSURES LOVE AND A HAPPY HOMS How any man may quickly cure himself * after years of suffering from sexual weak ness, lost vitality, night losses, varicocele, etc., and enlarge email weak organs to Health, Strength and Vigor for Men. full size and vigor. Simply send your name and address to Dr. Knapp Medical Co., 3434 Hull building, Detroit. Mich., and they will gladly send the free receipt with full directions so any man may easily etire himself at home. This is cer tainly a most generous offer, and the fol lowing extracts taken from their daily mail, show what men think of their gener osity: “Dear 81r»—Please accept my sincere thanks for yours of recent date. I have given your treatment a thorough test and the benefit has been extraordinary. It has completely braced me up. I am Just as vigorous as when a boy and you cannot realize how happy I am.” "Dear Sirs—Your method worked beautifully. Reenlts were exactly what I needed. Strength and vigor have completely returned and en largement is entirely satisfactory.” “Dear Sirs—Yours was received and I had no trouble in making use of the receipt as directed, and ean truthfully say it is a boon to weak men. I am greatly improved in size, strength and vigor.” All correspondence is strictly confi dential, mailed in plain, sealed envelope. The receipt is free for the asking and they want every man to have it. 5