About Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920 | View Entire Issue (June 16, 1902)
6 - ■" , ,. ■ ■"?? B THE COUNTRY HOME\ || Women on the Farm | Conducted By Mrs. IV. H. Felton. + Correspondence on home topics or + + subjects of especial interest to wo- ♦ 4 men is Invited. Inquiries or letters ♦ 4> should be brief and clearly written + 4> tn ink on one side of the sheet. ♦ + Write direct to Mr*. W. H. Fel- ♦ + ton. Editor Home Department Semi- ♦ + Weekly Journal. Cartersville. Oa. ♦ 4 No inquiries answered by malt + HIIIIIHH WOMANKIND. I do not say that Womankind Is vanity; nor am I blind To any virtue of her sex. But this I am certain of—she checks Man's aspiration for the things His loftiest ambition brings. She strives to hold him back when he. Inspired by that Divinity XtYileh shapes our ends, is urged to take The dangerous hazard for the sake Os greater gain tn wealth and name; Nor does it seem to her a shame When he rejects those strong appeals For her sweet sake; because she feels That she. by some predestined plan. Is truly Heaven's beet gift to man. L'ENVOI. And when he thinks of her as his. He knows she's all she feels she Is. WILLIAM J. LAMPTON. The Squeeze on Bread and Meat. While the British authorities in Eng land have taxed every loaf of bread in the United Kingdom to raise funds to carry on the war in South Africa against a free dom-loving people, the speculators. in America have raised the price of meat in this country until it is entirely out of the reach of the very poor—in the United States When it comes-to twenty-five cents a pound for beef steak in Georgia, the meat bamns have just about placed the poor people of the state where the laborers in various European countries have been for a long time. In some European countries there are homes where the taste of meat is un known to both parents and children. A number of such countries have statistics to show that meat is entirely out of reach of the ill-paid laboring classes. They cannot use it at all. It seems we are verging on to the same state or condition, when meat has risen in price until the poor are debarred from These reflections call to mind the condi tion of Ireland fifty odd years ago. In the words of a historian of good repute: •The vast majority of the working pop ulation of Ireland were known to depend absolutely on the potato for subsistence. In the northern province, where the pop ulation were of Scotch extraction, the oat meal. the brose of their ancestors, still supplied the staple of their food: but in the southern and western provinces a large proportion of the peasantry actually lived on the potato and the potato alone. In those districts whole generations grew up. lived, married and passed away with out ever having tasted flesh meat. A fail ure tn the potato crop would be equivalent t<? famine. Many laborers received little or no money wages. They lived on what Was called the ‘cottier tenant system.' A man worked for a land owner on condition of getting a little scrap of land for him self on which to grow potatoes to be the sole food of himself and his family. The news came in the autumn of 1845 that the long continuance of sunless wet and cold bad imperilled. If not already destroyed, the food of a people.” Not a county in Ireland wholly escaped this potato disease, and tn the south and west actual famine set in. • Famine fever—a peculiar disease—began to show Itself everywhere. A terrible dys entery set in as well, and in some districts hundreds died daily from fever, dysen tery or sheer starvation. The coroners de clared it had become impossible to keep on bolding inquesta Crimes and violence attended this fam ine and destruction; bread riots took place, and poor Ireland drank from a full cup of woe to its lowest dregs. It was Indelibly impressed on my mind (for the tidings came to America when I was small* that human beings in Ire land were dying of literal starvation. I heard the dear ones In my own home talk of this sad distress as we sat down to a full meal. I knew of their efforts to get corn and flour carried to the place where it was to be shipped across the Atlantic to poor old starving Ireland. In my childhood's imaginings I prayed for the ship to go quickly and carry this food that our own pedple were contributing and I listened y I THE S Semi-Weekly !• Journal’s g ■ CLUBBING !: | OFFER J: Wo can save you money by subscrib ing for the Semi-Weekly Journal clubbed with other papers and magazines Be lo* wo present to you our list of premi ums and clubbing papers. These offers are made tn the Interest of our subscribers and these rates are subject to change at any time. In subscribing always mention what premiums you wish and remit us full advertised price, as there can be no cut tn prices. We will send the Semi-Weekly one year with the following premiums and papers at price mentioned: The Youth's Companion, Boston, Maas., •X. 15. Ohio Farmer, Wool Markets A Sheep, Dairy & Creamery and Commercial Poul try (all four with The Semi-Weekly to one address), 22.00. Munsey's Magazine. New York. 21.86. Rural New Torker. New York. 11:75. Thrice-a-Week World. New York. 21.50. Rand. McNally A Co.'s Atlas of the World. 225 pages, 21.50. Rand. McNally & Co.'* Wall Map of Georgia. 21.00. McKinley Pictures. 21.00. Five Vaseline Toilet Articles, 21.00. Southern Cultivator. At.anta, Ga.. 2100. Western Poultry News, Lincoln, Neb., 21.00. American Swineherd Chicago, 111.. 21 00. The Gentlewoman. New York. 21.00. Tri-State Farmer and Gardener, Chat tanooga. Tenn., fl.oo. The Home and Farm, Louisville, Ky., 21 The American Agriculturist, New York. H-00. The Commercial Poultry, Chicago, 111, The Conkey Home Journal. Chicago, HU. H.OO. The Stockman. DeFuntak Springs. Fla.. 21.00. SPECIAL OFFER. For 21 40 we will send The Semi-Weekly one year, the five Vaseline Toilet Articles and any one of the premiums offered free With our Semi-Weekly. Address all orders to THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ox for tidings from the far-oft Emerald Isle with an anxious mind. When the word came that those help less, starving poor, raised up from pallets of starvation to weep for joy that the ship was in sight, I know there was born in a little child's heart a burning desire to rescue the oppressed and to protect the needy that has never abated to this good hour of my life. In season and out of season, my heart has been thrilled with the hope that the poor homes of our na tive landFmlght be lifted up and out of squallor. hunger and apathy! An English historian says: "The United States employed some of their war vessels to send gifts of grain and other food to the starving places. In one Irish seaport the joy bells of the town were kept ring ing all day in honor of the arrival of one of these grain-laden vessels—a mournfully significant form of rejoicing surely.” With a tax on every loaf of bread in England, and meat in America still climb ing out of reach in price, it seems the time has come to ask ourselves some very serious questions on certain subjects which press themselves on our attention. Taxing bread to get munitions of war to shoot down the Boers tn South Africa smacks of barbarism restored, and corner ing the meat market in America to extort all the wages of the poor of our own land indicates one of the patent evils of im perialism in both America and in Eng land. It all comes from greed of conquest. The English are in this country buying up mules, we know, and the meat packers can doubtless a tale unfold of the profit in the business with 10.000 American troops in the Philippine islands, riding rough shod over the helpless Filipinos, with the torch and bayonet iq either hand. These armies must be supported and the big fish are simply eating up the little ones. The "full dinner-pail” In America seems to be wanting in meat, while American soldiers are burning up the subsistence of those freedom-loving Filipinos in wanton vandalism. It is painful to think about. It is alarm ing to recollect that all this tyranny must be returned to us in "meal or malt." We will reap what we sow. It has reached a place whore our people are beginning to realize that “those who dance must pay the piper.” We feel the tyranny of war. The administration may not be able to check the present mad rush toward com mercial imperialism. Old England may expect bread riots and much lawless remonstrance so long as the loaf is made to pay a heavy part of its value to keep up a war on the defenseless women and children in South Africa. This is bringing the matter home to every day comprehension. May God help us to see our duty to ourselves in this emergency! A Word to Mr. Crumpacker. Dear Sir: Your resolution to secure the appointment of a search committee to ex amine the southern states for the purpose of discovering whether colored people are fairly treated by the whites, will doubt less pass with a majority vote, as the notorious ship subsidy bill passed the sen ate. “Let him take who has the power And let him keep, who can,” is the motto of your party at this present time. When your Committee is appointed with yourself in chief captain's place upon the same, I beg you for only a single privilege, I ask for only one condition to be incorporated in the charier or scope of the committee, as it passes the house of repre sentatives in Washington City. Let the committee be authorized to sit at La Jun ta, Colorado, and make inquiry as to the lynching of a colored man a few weeks ago. Then go to Leavenworth, Kansas, and take testimony in the case of the ne gro man who outraged a little white girl and was burned alive by the indignant citizens of that community. The federal prison is close by where you can incar cerate the offenders while you take down the testimony. Then move down to Akron. Ohio—that state of Simon-pure Hannaism and stanch Republicanism—and probe an affair of a similar class and kind, and give the pub lic the solid facts and your remedy for Ohio lynching bees with negro victims. If you have time, go to Pana, Illinois, call Former Governor Tanner as a wit ness. Ask why he, as chief executive of that state, forced the negro miners to leave, threatening a gattllng gun as a mo tor to secure a speedy exit. Or halt a brief spell in New York City and force whites and blacks to eat at the same tables, entertain in same club rooms, and lodge in the same hotels at the same prices and with similar accommodations. Rectify that error, won't you? Be sure to clean around your own door steps in Indiana state, where blacks are not welcomed into hotels or public schools by the white race. A few years ago live white men were lynched in Indiana for stealing heifers. Be sure to discuss mob violence in your travels, because the gov ernment must foot your bills, and you, at least, will lose no money by a fair deal with all these places mentioned to you in this reminder of your duty to the govern ment which gives you such g fine support while you wrestle with your subject of race equality. When you pass Mason and Dixon's line in your investigation, be sure to make your example and precept tally. Don't patronize a single hotel or ride in a car where the colored brother does not occu py a room and eat near you. while he brings his complaint to your notice. If you propose to put "black heels on white necks,” let Sambo's feet make a trial test, and you can then tell how good it feels on your own anatomy. Sauce for the goose is good for the gander. But the Colorado Incident is so fresh in mind and so near in date, don't forget to make those disorderly white folks quiver in every limb for daring to put one of your colored brethren to some inconvenience, when they passed him on to his final de serts at La Junta. Be sure to call the aged woman as a witness, and then don’t forget to ask that Colorado should lose one or two representatives in congress be cause the negro car porter had swift jus tice dealt out to him. By the time you chronicle these preliminary investigations, then you will be prepared to call witnesses in every southern state and find out how much better it is to prevent race friction by fewer ballots rather than in Kansas and Colorado by frequent lynchings and horrible* burnings. When you come south do advertise your appearance and your intention to equalize yourself to the con ditions surrounding the colored man, whose suppressed vote gives you so much concern. Otherwise you cannot put yourself in his place and understand his deprivations. It Is impossible otherwise. Os course the public comprehends that Mr. Crumpacker wants some negro votes in Indiana and he is bluffing for party effect. Having prom ised to become a modern Moses to lead the colored voter into the Canaan of so cial equality with southern whites, it Is only fair to the white and colored con tingent that you shall, my dear sir, taste the draught that you would press to an other's lips. I am not prepared to say that you will be requested to occupy quarters with the colored brethren when you bring your committee to this section, but it would be eminently fair to give you some valuable information, which such an experience would afford you. One thousand and forty million gallons of beer brewed yearly in the United King dom equals the total amount brewed by America, France and Austria. • □HE bhMpvv bbuLf JOUKNAL, ATLANTA, CrEORGiA, JUN 4 16, 1902. Unwritten Chapters in Georgia history. BY GEORGE G. SMITH, VI nevi lie, Georgia. THE INTEREST aroused by my homely stories of the old counties has led to the request that I continue them, and so I give now the story of Greene and Hancock. When the revolution was in progress the two tribes of Indians who had hunting grounds in Georgia, the Creeks and Cherokees, sympathized with the British. They were severely dealt with by the whigs and after the war ended were forced to cede all that fine body of land lying east of the Oconee river from its head waters to its mouth to the state of Georgia. This included that of Georgia south of Rabun and north of Camden county and between the Ogechee and the Oconee rivers. Two counties were made, Washington, whose northward boundary was Cher okee, Conner and Franklin, which stretched to the mountains. The next year Greene was cut off from Wash ington. It included a part of Wilkes, all of Hancock, a part of Oglethorpe and a part of Warren and Talliaferro. It was a magnificent domain, and al though it was on the exposed fron tier It was so attractive that it was rapidly peopled. The new’ comers were all Virginians and North Carolinians. Many of them were from North Caro lina. The North Carolinians made a settlement on Shoulderbone creek and on the Oconee river. Samuel Ried and his sons, John, Alexander and Samuel, ahd his brothers, Andrew. Alexander and George; the Abercrom bries, Hugh Hall, the Brantleys and Hargroves, all came from North Caro lina and settled on Shoulderbone and on the river. The Indians were not at all reconciled to the cession of their lands and soon there was a border war. The state had to rely on its mi litia and in Wilkes and Greene com panies of horse guards were organiz ed. Forts were built along the river and the mother of Bishop Hargrove was born in one of these forts. The Indians made forays and killed some of the settlers and drove off their stock and their negroes to Alabama, but still the tide of immigration rolled on. These settlers were of the best class of southern yoemanry. There were few of them who had ten negroes, but many who had from three to five. I find in 1875 among the earliest settlers the Ashmores, Fitzpatricks, Andrews, Baytop, Alfred. Abercrombie. Alexan der. Autrey, Hunter, Johnston, Rodg ers, Lawrence, Ashfield, HUI, Hall, Crawford, Coleman, Criddle, Wardlaw, Marks, Adair, McNeil, McCoy, ‘ Elder, Alleson, Gibb. Armor, Dickson,. These names are those of the best families of Virginia and North Caro lina, and they will be found now in all the southern states. In the list of land grants in an old book in the clerk's office I And a list of those to whom land was granted before the year 1800,. which shows who were some of the earliest settlers in Greene and Han cock. In addition to those mentioned above there were A. Boland, Charles Burke, Thomas Booker, Andrew and James Baxter, John Buchanan, 8. Bra zeal, William Buford. John Booth. Wil liam and Stephen and James Bishop, George Bayby. Job Bankston. Thomas Brantley, William Buckhalter, Nathan Burnett, Sam Burnett, Samuel Brown, Thomas Baldwin, William Barnard. Thomas Bonner, Samuel Bellah. Wil liam Canny. Nathe Cocke, Abner Coch ran, Charles Cissnaro, Arch Gresham, Josiah Carter, Henry Graybill, Peter Coffee, Matt Garfton, Daniel Conner, Thomas Grimes, Couplln Coulston, Miles Gathrlght, John Cane. Humphrey Graves, Joseph Cooper, George Gray, Cato Sterling, James Graham, John Curtright, Bey Gilbert. Peter Car bright, Aaron Grier, Duncan Cameron, Major Thomas Harris George Cowan, James and Joshua Hangton, Charles Carroll. Thomas. Evan, James and Mi chael Harvey, William Daniel. Newday Ousley, Alex and Simon Dunn, Sarah Haggerty, Joseph and George Dawson, Davis Harrison, Walter Ellace Rob ert Hill, Rich Earley, Jacob Hogg, Robert Flournoy. James Hardwick. Benjamin ’and William Fitzpatrick, 'William Johnson, John Garrett, Isaac Jackson. R. Greene, Hugh Jones, Thomas Greene. John Killgore, Wil liam Greene. Henry Kerr (Carr) Thomas Lanier, Levi Lancaster, Wil liam Maddox, Robert Middleton, Anom Ried. John McKay, Samuel Ried, Andrew McComb, John Ried. Hallard Middleton. George Ried, William Mc- Clelland, Math Rabun, General Moore, Joseph Ratchford. Joel McClendon, John Ragan, Robert Moreland. rizekel Robinet, W iam Milton, Josh Reese, M. Mullens. Joseph Spradling. David Mitcheu, T. Simonton, Rich Newton, James and Henry Stewart, James Nis bett, Dave Spatters, John Nelms, John Swqpson, Joshua William and Joseph Phillips. James Scarlet, J. H. Pritch ard. William. John and Archibald Smith, Oliver Porter, Matthew Stone, James Palmer, John Swinney, Daniel Parker, Isaac Stocks. James Plnkard, Thomas Steward, Benjamin Posey, Samuel Slaughter. Reuben Slaughter, ■William Hunt, Jesse Thompson, Joseph Taylor, Thomas Trammell, Robert Thompson, Samuel Townsend, James Thweat, John Hankeney, William, Ben. Jack Thompson, Robert Thornton, Robert Thompson, Ezekiel. John, Jesse Vengry, John P. Wagnor, William "Willoughby, Curtis and Thomas Wel born, Ethelred and Juathew Wood, Silas Williams, John Wall, William Washington, John Wilson, Daniel "Whatley, John and William Wilson, Thomas Warbutton, Ab. Warmack, Thomas and George White, James Ware. William Walker, James Wood. This long list of names will not be dead reading to many of The Journal subscribers, and to any one who knows Georgia it will be of interest. Colonel Albert H. Cox, Governor Candler, Dr. Bolin, Sapnett, Mr. W. Grant and scores of other people in Atlanta will find the names of their ancestors in this list. Bishop Hargrove's grand father is among those mentioned. Mrs. Bishop Candler's ancestor is there. The founder of the famous Georgia Nlsbetts is there. The ancestor of Mark A. Cooper is in this list. These people settled close together when the lands were good. They had a long way to go to the nearest trading post, and they bought little. They lived in their cabins, and raised stock. Things were too uncertain for even the courts to hold regular sessions for some time after the country was laid out, but it was organized by 1787 and the first estate was settled. It was Dorothy Ashford's. She had 50 bushels corn at 25 cents a bushel, 1 bay mare, 1 cow and calf, 1 heifer, hogs. Among other articles a bale, a mug, a washtub and a churn, 200 acres, £75 . Mr. Jackson, 1798, had 12 negroes. The first circuit court was held in 1797 and Judge Henry Osborne was chief jus tice. The first grand jury was Thimas Harris, David Love. Walton Harris, Davis Gresham, John A. Miller, Wil liam Fitzpatrick, William Heard, Moses Shelby. James Jenkins, Robert Bald win, William Shelby, Jesse Connell, Joseph Spradling, William Daniel. There was only a hut for a jail and the courthouse was of logs and unfit for public business. The whiskey sellers were on the ground selling whisky without a li cense and injuring the revenue. There was swearing, drinking, gambling and dancing during court, much to the an noyance of the grand jury. Four men were convicted of forgery and con demped to be hanged, one of man slaughter was to be branded, and one petty larceny was to be whipped. The cake, beer and cider wagons came too close to the courthouse and were to be at least 50 yards away. The chief offense was fighting and the fines were from 23 to $lO. Joseph Smith’s will is worth repro- ducing just as he wrote it. He says: "First I allow my waggon to oe sold and one of my horse critters and the mill irons and surveying instruments. His wife is to be supported by son Dan iel as long as she remains In a family capacity. After that all was to be divided.'* He had a wagon, surveying instruments. 17 cows, 4 horses, 3 testa ments, 3 sermon books. 4 1-2 yards of gray cloth. One will notice the failure to mention any articles of furniture. Caleb Brasfield had in 1790 6 negroes, 8 head of horse critters, 43 calves, 135 hogs, 4 sheep, 6.921 pounds tobacco. The furniture oi an average house was very scarce. Stephen Parker had 2 puter basins, 1 chest, 1 iron pot and hooks, 1 gilt trunk, 1 loom and gun. 1 table, 1 woolen w"heel, 1 pale and 2 piggins. 4 churns, 1 churn, 1 tab, 1 linen wheel. Duke Glenn had 18 negroes. Many whose estates are recorded had a few negroes. Francis Moreland, ancestor of Mrs. D. W. Sheer and Dr. Moreland, of Moreland Park, had IT. Thomas Car son, 3; Henry Trippe, 9; William Bur ford, 9; Edward Wade, 8; Joshua Hor ton, 6 Acqullla Greer, 6; James Veazy. 8; Thomas Watts, 24. In 1791 Ephriam Vaughn had as an estate ' some stockings, waistcoats, farm tools, some jack knives, 30 gal lons rum, 5 pounds coffee, 25 pounds sugar Sometimes the estates were pitifully small. Jacob Woodall had 1 flax wheel, 1 cotton wheel, 1 old musket, 1 bond for £7. Toward the end of the century they had been able to set up their stills and Abram Burnett, who died in 1792, left 100 gallon sul!. 4 Bibles, 2 testa ments, 2 volumes Watts' hymns, 1 Boston's fourfold state, 12 books on divinity, 2 on laws, 3 on physic. One estate is evidently that of an old bachelor, Levi Newton. It was 1 new suit, 2 gowns, 2 petticoats, 2 jackets, 1 red cloak, 1 hat ana 1 pair of shoe buckles. There was great abundance of every thing to eat and I found a bill for boarding, schooling and clothing Polly Mosely one y«.ar 252.43. Boarding Polly 1 year 230, schooling 22, 3 yards ribbon 18 3-4 cents, a necklace 87 1-2 cents. This was before the beginning of the last century and before the cotton Industry began. the first quarter of that century a great change came over the people, and the days of lavish living and of fine equipages and hand some homes was ushered in, but I did not propose to tell of those days in this article. I have been not a little aroused and my historical conscience sadly shocked at the evident unwill ingness of some excellent people to hear the plain truth about our humble beginnings. No finer people ever lived than the middle Georgians, but men of abundant wealth would not be apt to go into the frontier and live In a log cabin, and the luxuries of modern life could not well be found far from city and market. So the people lived plainly and worked hard, but they had good preachers and schools from the beginning, and from this stock has sprung the sturdiest people of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas and Texas. Million* of People in the past sixty years all over the world cotfid testify to the sterling worth of Painkiller made by Perry Davis as an unfailing remedy for coughs, colds, bronchitis. Try it when you have those cold chills In your back. It Is a pleasant drink when prepared according to di rections. WHAT DR. TARUS FORESEES. R. PAUL CARUB, president of the k Folklore Association, in a recent I lecture on Chinese literature, said ' that the Chinese, the Hebrews and the Saxons are the three toughest D races, and that they would survive all others. Speaking of the population and condi tion of big cities, such as London, New York and Chicago, a thousand years hence, Dr. Carus said: . "If we judge from the preesnt condi tions it seems that these three races— the Saxons, the Jews and the Chinese— for various reasons are gaining ground everywhere, and maintaining themselces better than others in the struggle for ex istence. “The Saxon is distinguished by natural strength, by courage, by his unusual fight ing capacity, by his ability as a leader in the affairs of both peace and war, and by bold progressiveness. "The Jew possesses adaptlbillty, suave and smooth buslnes smethods, with which he sometimes attains a better success than the Saxon with his bold spirit. At the same time, the Jew is willing to en dure the buffets of fortune; he possesses much self-control and resents offenses in silence and without showing resent ment. He is thrifty without being neces sarily stingy; he is sober to abstemious ness, and Jewish family relations are above reproach. “The Chinese are excluded from the United States because the presen inhabi tants fear to enter Into competition with believe that the Chinese will remain ex cluded by law for a long time to come, and will be admitted only when the dan ger or the fear that they would crowd out the Aryan races has passed. The Chinese do not possess the Saxon faculty of forc ing their entrance into other countries by means of war, and so they will not be able, when excluded from certain terri tories. to seek and find their natural right of self-assertion by force. "The Jew has had for the first time a chance to make his influence felt In the them. They are patient and ( enduring, frugal and industrious; they can live at very small expense and can prosper on wages on which European and American laborers must starve. They do not pos sess the vigor of the Saxon nor his In ventive spirit, but they make up for it in the faculty of imitation, and thus they spread and multiply rapidly in every coun try to which they are admitted. "As to the of the great cities, 1 United States, and we see positively tnat the Jewish contingent of our population is increasing both In number and influ ence. “The Jews would (as anti-Semites fear) actually become a danger to the Saxon race, which is at preesnt practically In possession of the balance of power, were It not for the fact that in the meas ure in which they assert their Influence the Jews came to be typical Jews—vis., Jews of that unpleasant type which the ‘Jew baiter' proposes to persecute. “The Jews by their very adaptlbillty as similate themselves to the Anglo-Saxons, for the longer they live among them the more they learn from them. Even now there are a great number of Jewish fami lies that have been living for only two or three generations in this country among whom the typically Semitic type has all but completely disappeared, and It would be very difficult to recognize them were they to mix in Gentile society. “As soon as the time comes when the Chinese will be‘admitted to the United States on equal terms and partake of a free competition with the other nationali ties, I trust that the conditions will be quite similar to those In the case of the Jews. In the measure that they take hold of affairs, in the measure that they mul tiply and gain in Influence, will their character change; they will lose their typ ical Chinese features and be gradually transformed into a race that will more and more become indistinguishable from the others. "The Saxon himself will also undergo a mollification; he will learn from other races; he will accept the Jews’ business acumen; he will learn patience from the Chinese; and so the outcome of the whole evolution will be a fusion of race traits, 'which need not necessarily be the wMM A 5 cent peck- W age of Uneeoa Biscuit jggjy forms the basis of an ideal lunch. \vW Ideal because thev do good as well as taste V HPZy good—muscle building aa well as palate pleasing. M3I Uneeda w M Biscuit I are good anvwhere and everywhere. Good for the ;RBw child's lunch as the working man's; equally good MK as the basis of a luncheon or a substantial ' meal. You can t understand the goodness of Unoeda Biscuit until you try them. ///A fyisaF ® 801(1 0017 ln Packages ' which keep them fresh and Needs of Popular Education In America. BY WILLIA M DE WITT HYDE, President of Bowdoin College. (From The Chicago Chronicle.! Education aims to train the pupil to do three things—to earn a living, to support the institutions of society and to enjoy the products of art and civilization by the cultivation of the mind and taste. This three-fold standard requires of the ele mentary school, first of all, to preserve the child in vigorous health, untouched by needless nervousness over results and un conscious of either digestion or stomach. It calls for power of hand and eye to ap preciate and make beautiful objects. He ought to be surrounded by an atmosphere of ordered freedom. To have a room bad ly ventilated and to hold before the child a vision of anxiety as to his rank on a pasteboard card is to commit the worst crime possible for the public school. Reading should teach not only how to read, but also the reading habit. Arith metic should be restricted to limits of probable utility for the average person. Geography should start with actual ob servation of phenomena, and thus based, would help the workman, the citizen, and the man. History should grow out of myth and biography into the story of national life, and should teach the way liberties were won. Mere memory should hold an incidental and subordlante place. The power to tell a connected story and to trace the sequence of cause and effect should be the chief aim of recitation. It is hard to see how one can live a happier life or cast a wiser vote because of a lot of disconnected names of kings and dates packed away in the mind somewhere. Science should be training in observation, reasoning and aroused curiosity. Promotion should be frequent and irreg ular, with encouragement and opportunity to bright scholars to skip the lower grades. No bright boy ought to be ex pected to go through all the lower grades, giving a year to each. Examinations should be a test of power Instead of mere acquisition, and the chief stress on what a pupil can do rather than on what he remembers. It would be as sensible to test a boy’s mind by the number of things remembered as it would to test a month’s Filipinos Are In Favor of Their Independence. Sixto Lopez, in an article in Gunton’s Magazine for June, makes answer to the query "Do the Filipinos Desire Ameri can Rule?” He says in part: "By far the most Important question is as to whether the Filipinos are or are not in favor of American rule. Therein lies the essence of the present dispute, for if the Filipinos, or even a substantial ma jority of them, were favorable to Ameri can rule, the moral and the political side of the question could be settled without doing injustice to the Filipinos or Injury to those principles of democracy upon which America justly prides herself. It is, therefore, natural and signlficent that strenuous efforts have been made, and are being made, by those who have an interest in a continuance of the present policy, to show that the Filiplpos are in favor of "the blessings of American rule.” DO NOT FAVOR AMERICANS. "Yet, notwithstanding these efforts, the weight of evidence tends in the opposite direction. Thus, General MacArthur, by far the ablest of the military men who have, been in the Philippines, declares in his last official report that, with the ex ception of the Moros, the population of the ‘entire archipelago' are favorable to the views expressed by their military leaders. General Hughes and Major General Bates bear direct and indirect testimony to the same effect, the former declaring that the 800,000 inhabitants of the island of Panay 'are a unit against us.’ Ope who Is re ferred to as ‘a distinguished officer,’ and whose name for obvious reasons cannot be given, is quoted by George Kennan in the Outlook as having said: 'The thing that impressed itself most deeply upon me, first and last, was the unchanging, unrelenting, implacable hostility of all classes of Filipi nos toward the Americans,’ and that ‘the resistance that we are encountering on the island of Luzon is that of a whole people.’ Many such statements as these could be given, all of which are confirmed by the otherwise inexplicable fact that the re sistance of the American forces has been kept up for more than three years by a practically unarmed people, the success of whose ‘unique system of warfare’ accord- result of a fusion of blood. A fusion of blood will accelerate the process, but a fusion of spirit will be sufficient to ac complish the result of a new and (let us hope) a higher composite race. "At any rate, the human race tends to unity. The races will disappear and the genus homo will be accomplished. But the type of the future will not be the abolition of one or another race with race characteristics, but rather their combina tion in a higher unity. And the best quali ties of thees toughest races will, tn this process of merging, become the most im portant traits and characteristics of the earth’s future population.” What’s the Matter with Atlanta. Memphis Commercial-Appeal. Now. all this is going on. Galveston. Tex., claims that real, genuine lava, over one hundred proof, has come through the air to it from Martinique. Louisiana has discovered a mud gusher that is throwing out as warm an article as may be found anywhere: in the bed of a dry creek in Pennsylvania a small volcano has burst out and is throwing up hot mud and rocks, at a furious rate; a volcano in Gua temala has managed to kill one hundred thousand people: a three-legged hen has been discovered In Hoboken; Paris is luxu riating in the Humbert swindle, the most stupendous and successful rascality of the age; California boasts a twin pumpkin of well defined opposite sexes; other parts board by the quantity a person could throw up at the end of a month in re sponse to an emetic. Discipline should rest on freedom and not on force, assuming right intentions and appealing to reason and good will. The teacher should know the parent* and the pupil in their homes. The new curriculum and the new dis cipline for elementary schools is at length theoretically accepted. The difficulty is to get the teachers. The new curriculum and the new spirit require the teacher in both knowledge and character to be years in advance of the pupil. A good teacher with a poor course is better than a poor teacher with a good cour«e. • As it is today, the public school is vast ly better than the elongated private kin dergartens which cater to the children of the rich; and, unless imperative consid erations prevent, the public school is the place where every American boy and girl ought to be trained. The American public high school is the unique America contribution to education. When emancipated from narrow college domination in the substance, yet inspired by college examinations in the quality of its courses, wisely adapted to the various needs of its' pupils, generously supported by taxpayers, who believe the best teach ing none too good for their children, the high schools are destined to play a lead ing part in making America the land of intelligent workmen, loyal citizens and happy people. To send a young man to a private boarding school for ten or twelve years, away from the responsibilities and duties of home, is to give him su?h a training that will probably unfit him for a place in any home. State universities are the logical comple tion of a public school system. In pioneer conditions of both east and west they have done splendid service. They have a great future. The besetting sin of higher education is the tendency to resort to devices which get something out of everybody. It is easier to put grammar and philology into Ing to General MacArthur, 'depends upon almost complete unity of action of the entire natiye population.’ And if further confirmation be needed, it will be found in the significant fact that only a few months ago it was necessary to enact the so-called sedition law, under which it is penal for any Filipino in the entire archi pelago to say a word against American sovereignty or in favor of Philippine in dependence. GOVERNOR TAFT’S TESTIMONY. "On the other hand, the Schurman com mission declares that the Filipinos 'do not, in the opinion of the commission, gener ally desire independence.’ but that 'it would be a misrepresentation of the facts not to report that ultimate independence • • ’ is the aspiration and goal of the intelligent Filipinos.’ "Governor Taft has reported nothing, as far as I know, about this aspiration for ultimate Independence, and has, therefore, according to the Schurman commission,, misrepresented the facts. On the con trary ,he declares without any qualifica tion that a majority of the Filipinos are in favor of American sovereignty. "Now, I have no desire to Impugn the honesty or the good intentions of Gov ernor Taft. When he makes the above statement I have no doubt he regards it as true. But the explanation of his error will be found in the fact that no Filipino is allowed to express opinions in favor of Philippine independence. All such ex pressions. whether in the native press or through any other channel, have all along and by the recent sedition law been pro hibited as being Inimical to the success of the so-called 'pacification of the islands.' The American authorities have thus plac ed a seal upon the lips of every Filipino who is opposed to American rule, and those only who are favorable to American sovereignty are allowed to express their opinions. As a consequence Governor Taft is surrounded from morning till night by office-seekers and others who pour into his ear the sought-for assurance that a majority of the Filipinos are favorable to that to which he desires they should be favorable. He never hears an expression of the contrary opinion, and consequently curiosities to attract attention. Even St. Louis is threatened with an acute at tack of World’s Fair. And yet all this time Atlanta remains silent. What can be the matter? Is the inventive genius of the country have their sensations and of the great city slumbering or is it waiting, like some Memphis wards used to do on election nights, for all the other returns to come in so tnat she may give the country something that will put ev erything yet reported in the shade? Miss ing all this advertising is unusual with Atlanta. We may expect something soon. No one need be surprised if Atlanta dis covers an artesian well which throws up boiled fish and baked chicken. Or may be Atlanta will amize the world by announc ing the fact that she has discovered one of her confidential bookkeepers who has functioned in high society for years with out forging the name of a wealthy female admirer or turning up as a defaulter. It is up to Atlanta; the country is growing impatient. Gentle. Philadelphia Press. Walter—How would you like to have your steak, sir? Meek Customer (who has been waiting twenty minutes)—Very much, indeed, thank you, if it isn't too much trouble. Too many cooks In one month spoil the broth. everybody than literary taste and appre ciation into a few. These temptations beset us all. But the state institution is rather more sorely tempted to yield to them. A university can never create a genius out of one into whom God has not al ready breathed the breath of artistic life. But it ought to discover special talent, and at least not stifle and repress its ex pression. The elective system, common to all institutions, is the greatest step In that direction. , And now we come to this question: Is the public school system a triumph or a failure? Like all striking formulations Os men and institutions, it is partly both. It now advances then retreats. A system which sets children a formal task, which attempts to turn them out as a mass, which puts before them the same task and expects it to be completed in the same time, which makes recitation chiefly a test of memory, and examination one of flurry and worry, which switches the stu dent to a track for life before his peculiar bent is discovered, which has a cast-iron course, which selects teachers wholly on the quantitative ability, which drives the dullei 1 boy from the secondary school to the offices and the brightest to the law school, is in every part a dismal failure, and our duty is to expose it, condemn it, and redeem it. But, on the other hand, a system which gives to the child the keys to beauty and the treasure house of the whole world, which opens to him the mystery of plant and animal, and sea and star; which watches for the bent of each child; which seeks for highly trained women and men as teachers; which goes behind the forms of words to the meaning of the great works of art, and grasps details in their larger significances; which seeks la. spire love of beauty and goodness in each “ member of a class, is a magnificent im provement over the old order of things, and is one of the first fruits of an educa tional system w’hlch even now we are en joying, and to which we are all called to labor. It is the heritage which we can hope to hand down to our children. 1 he does not know how he is being de ceived. 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Addres* all correspondence to THE ENGLISH Denver. Colo.
