Newspaper Page Text
(SB 1
AND
QUESTION AND ANSWER DEPARTMENT.
♦
♦ Th* Journal asiini to lncr»»M th* usefulness of 1« trrlcultuni
■» page* la every way po**ibl*. For thia purpose. th* department of
♦ inquiries and answer* la to b* greatly e alar red. Any information per-
♦ Saining to agriculture. the proper tlllage of th* boll, th* proper use of
♦ fertiliser*. seeding for crop*, rtcc k and cattl* breeding, poultry raising
«. —and in fact, all *nb)*cta pertaining to the farm upon which informa-
♦ tlon may be nought or practical *u ggeetion* offered, will be published
♦ in the** column*.
♦ We reqneat our reader* to nee theee page* freely. We will en-
♦ leaver to furnl*b information, if th * question* ar* naked. Letter* ad-
♦ dressed to Dr. Andrew M. aoule, p reeldent l*ate Agricultural College,
♦ athene, Ga., will receive prompt at tention. and th* replies will be pub-
♦ Uahed Ln The Be nu-Weekly Journal.
♦
The Importance of Potash As a Fertilizer
Who shall say that the soil would not
be materially improved by the use of the
very considerable quantity of farmyard
manure which would be applied to it a*
a result of feeding the cotton seed meal
now manufactured to dairy cow* and,
other tarm live stock. Moreover, animal
industries would be fostered materially
by utilising the meal for feed, a profit
able business developed, ano our home
markets supplied in abundance at re
munerative prices with what we may
now almost regard a* luxuries. A good
cow will give two gallons of milk a day
for at least eleven months of the year,
or 330 days. She can be fed where silage
is used as the roughness and at present
prices for meal at a cost of about 13.5
cent* a day. If we allow 30 cents for
feed, care and the cost of delivering th*
milk, when It sells for 35 cents a gallon,
she will make u* a profit of 50 cent* a
day. If butter is *old at 35 cents a pound
a profit of 15 cent* a day will be obtain
ed with 5 cents more for the skim milk
produced. Thus, a cow milking for 330
day* would give a profit to her owner
of $165. per annum. If it coats 20 cents
a day to keep a cow and her milk bring*
50 cent*. the profit per year will be W>.
Even if these figures are cut in two, the
profit would be $45 per annum per cow.
and a man who can not operate a dairy
and make his herd average this sum
should go out of the business. Since six
pound* of cotton seed meal per day i* an
ample ration of this concentfate for a
1.000 pound cow, a ton will feed her for
333.3 day*. A cow - yielding two gallons
of milk would produce in this time $66.6
gallon*, which at 3$ cents a gallon would
be worth $23131. We may attribute
whatever part of this sum of money we
please to the individual merit of the
cow. the wfeill of the dairyman, th* in
fluence of the silage or gras*, or to
•uch other concentrate* as may be fed
with the cotton seed mall, and still it
must be apparent that from S4O to sm)
profit can reasonably be expected from
feeding a ton of cotton seed meal under
proper management. At least 80 per cent
of the mineral matter contained in a ton
of meal will be voided by The cow, which
at present price* for commercial fertil
isers would amount to about $24 a ton,
or approximately the cost of a ton of
meal, leaving the dah-yman the profit
of S4O to S6O a ton cited above.
When will we recognise the opportuni
ty which cotton seed meal ha* placed
within our rea?h. and utiliae it so as to
obtain at leant the greater part of it*
potential value to southern agriculture.
When we reach this point the question
of maintaining soil fertility will be
greatly simplified, for at present we are
not making enough cotton seed meal to
feed 900 pound* per annum to the animal*
classed as dairy cows in the south.
The voiding* of a horse weighing 1,000
pound* are worth each year about $24.74;
from a cow of equal weight. £9.27. The
animals on Georgia farms at the present
time make annually this bast* fertiliser
worthy approximately $4O.0*i».OOO; yet it is
safe to say comparatively little attention
1* given to this by-product, so important
and essential not only in the mainte
nance of fertility, but to profitable crop
growing as well. Here is a leak amount
ing to millions of douar* in the aggre
gate which may be stopped by develop
ing animal industries and taking care of
the farmyard manure, which is a by
product of this industry.
The farmer who maintains a herd of
thirty cows which can be done on 145
acres of land will find It necessary to
purchase about 25 tons of cotton seed
meal. At $24 a ton his outlay will be
J6fO. Eighty per cent of the plant food
contained in the meal should be returned
to the soil, and this would amount to
approximately 2.800 pounds of nitrogen,
!.»»> pounds of phosphoric acid and 1.000
pound* of potash. He should grow enough
surplus on bis farm to enable him to buy
this meal without taking funds from hi*
milk or butter trade; and while the
manure applied to his land would not be
POULTRY.
HIGHEST OUALITT—B C. Rhode liltn-1
Reda. 8 C. white Ixtiorn. buff Orpington*,
white Wvandotiea. white and barred Plymouth
Rocks eggs H-M P»r W ** 7 * per 30; Mammoth
Pekin Dick* egg* »1.» per 11; Mamnwth
tronae turttev eggs I 2 W par 9. Catalogue free.
Hem.lt>ge Poultry Farm. Route 11. Header
soavUle. lean.
Berds and Plants
SEED Chufaa for eale. 34 per bushel. Apply
to T 8. Agner. Dowling Park. Fla.
REX ALL Cotton Seed. tl SO bushel, yields 1
bales cotton to acre. Testimonials on appli
cation. 8 A. Rodgers. Sumter. Ga.
FOR SALE—Cotton seed. Several hundred
bushels Layton Improved. 21.00 per bushel
fob Austell. G» Joel Hurt. Atlanta. Ga
COTTON SEED
Hastings* Mort gage-Lifter and Cook’s Improved
Oetton are the best varieties planted la the
Booth. I offer guarantred pure, sound seed of
either variety, at folhmlng prices: 1 ba.. Met 3
bu. lots. SSe; ten bo. lota, »c. or In S ho lota
at 73c per bushel. Put up In new aaek* and
shipped upon rrceip eof order. Write for circu
lar and s>rlcea tn larger quantities.
M. C. BTAKTOX,
B. T. D. Vo. f. Mansfield. Ga.
Finest Lot Cotton Seed
in South
Grown on own farm, ginned on own
private gin; absolutely sound and pure.
Broadwell Double-pointed. SI.SO bushel;
Cook's Improved. 11.00; King's Early.
>1.00: Mortgage Lifter. SI.00; Tatums
Big 8011. >I.OO (ftne); Schley. B*e; Cul
pepper. 85c; Pnterkin, »sc; Texas Burr.
Mac.
Write for special prices large lots.
M. D. TATUM. Fairview Farm,
Palmetto, Ga.
well balanced, it would cost him compar
atively little to buy the additional amount
of phosphoric acid and potash needed to
maintain hi* soil in a high and efficient
state of fertility. On the other hand, if
he pursue the practice of the average
farmer of simply depending on commer
cial fertilisers, he would find his S6OO bare
ly sufficient to buy 25 tons of a 3-10-3 fer
tiliser. which would contain but little
more than half as much nitrogen as the
farmyard manure, though 3.800 pounds
more of phosphoric acid and 440 pounds
more potash. Even the purchase of this
plant food would only enable him to
apply about 330 pounds to 145 acres and
he must look forward to laying out this
much money annually, and even an in
creased amount if he hopes to grow prof
itable crops. Even then he will find it
exceedingly difficult to farm successfully
through the use of mineral plant food
alone because his land will be depleted
of humus, and it* physical and mechani
cal condition will steadily grow worse.
The stock farmer, on the other hand, will
find his land improved because of the
1 increased store of humus he has added to
the soil, and he will reap a material ben
, efit from such commercial plant food as
• he does purchase and use. Surely, all the
conditions favor the development of an-
' Imai industries because the prosperity of
| all I* involved in the permanent success
of the farmer, and it 1* apparent to all
thoughtful men that the true economic*
of agriculture include the growing and
maintenance of live stock on our lands in
sufficient quantities to consume all the
by-products of our farms that can be fed
advantageously. In the south we are
■ reaping but a tithe of the profit that
* may be justly ours from cotton seed
i meal and various other great natuitii
‘ agencies which we are not utilising in
accordance with the dictates of natuie.
Let us change our present irrational
practice, solve successfully the problem
lof maintaining soil fertility, and place
our farmers on a more substantial bus
iness basis than they have ever enjoyed
before.
ANDREW M. SOULE.
Georgia State College of Agriculture.
♦ QUERIES ANSWERED ♦
♦
Destroying Bermuda Grass
C- R R. Norcross, Ga., writes: I have
a piece of land with spots of Bermuda
grass on it. Can I kill it by covering
it up with pine straw, or will lime or salt
kill it out?
If your land is so you can cultivate it
thoroughly during the summer, we would
suggest that you plow it shallow this
spring; harrow it very thoroughly bring
ing the Bermuda sets to the top of the
ground, and then gather them up and
burn as many as possible. After that we
would put the land in cowpeas or velvet
beans; anything that will provide a cover
Crop that will hold the bermuda in check
during the growing season. If there vZ>re
evidence of some of the sets being left
over in the fall, we would plow the land
again shallow' and leave it exposed to
the winter freezes. In the spring we
would harrow it out thoroughly and rake
up every piece of root and burn as be
fore. and then put in cowpeas or velvet
beans for a second season. We think you
can get rid of the bermuda as completely
in this way as by any method with
! which we are familiar. We do not think
you could smother it out with pine straw,
or eradicate it with lime or salt unless
you put on an excessive amount, sufficient
probably to injure rather than benefit the
land. The other method we think to be
practical and effective if the work is
properly managed.
Com for Upland Soils
R. H. 8., Cornelia. Ga., writes: Do you
know any variety of com that would be
better for this section than Hickory
King? We have about fifty acres planted
in apple trees, and are using com the
first year on some o fit Can you advise
me where I can get fertilizer from head
quarters so as to cut out the middle
man's profit? Will want about two car
loads and will pay cash for it.
Hickory King corn is certainly a good
variety to use on uplands. We have tested
this variety very carefully for several
years and find it yields well when com
pared with other strains. The ear is
small and the grain unusually large,
which constitute two of the principal ob
jections to IL It is also probably not as
hard and flinty as some varieties, and
would not be well adapted, therefore, to
sections where the weevil is especially
bad. But for your locality it should an
swer very well.
Some of the best large eared varieties
to try would be Henry Grady and Boone
County White. These varieties will do
well on rich upland soils and make a
larger ear than Hickory King. We think
liberal fertilization for corn is desirable,
as it makes a heavier draft on the soil
in proportion than cotton. We would use
at least 300 pounds per acre of high-grade
fertilizer. New land will not need as
; heavy fertilization as that which has been
subjected to cultivation for some time,
j and a strong clay soil is of course richer
in all the elements of plant food than san
-1 dy land.
You can certainly make an excellent
fertilizer from cotton seed meal, acid
phosphate and potash. We w’ould reserve
the nitrate of soda to use as a top dress
ing on most crops, though there is no
objection to placing a little in the drill
row along with the cotton seed meal to
help start the corn, cotton or potatoes
off quickly. For ourselves if desiring to
purchase fertilizers, we would obtain all
addresses posable of persons who handle
the goods, and then we would write to
each one and secure their prices. We
; would also ask for prices on unmixed
| goods and on mixed goods, according to
’ the formula we desired to use. After ob-
I taining their prices, we would figure
i which would furnish the materia) at the
• lowest cost, and whether we could buy
them ready mixed as cheaply as we
could buy the raw ingredients and mix
them ourselves. If the dealer will furnish
them mixed as cheaply as you can axix
THE ATLANTA SEMIWEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, MARCH 9, 1909
SECRETARY OF STATE.
i ■ —■
wk
* J
■ *' '-'Ll 1 —
PHILANDER CHASE KNOX
of Pennsylvania.
SECRETARY OF TREASURY,
■' 1 —————w
■ L k ' 48?
A L
FRANKLIN M’VEACH
of Illinois.
ATTORNEY GENERAL,
* ""
’ Jb
GEO. W. WICKERSHAM
of New York. • * •
them yourself, we see no reason why it
is not advisable to buy them ready mixed.
The farmer or groups of farmers who buy
fertilizers in carload lots and pay cash
for the same certainly get better prices
than the man who buys on credit and in
small lots. There is much money to be
saved in buying and handling fertilizers
intelligently.
We would suggest that you write to the
following firms for prices on goods de
livered. f. o. b.. your city: Virginia-Car
olina Chemical Co., Atlanta; Swift Fer
tilizer Works, Atlanta; Armour Fertilizer
Works, Atlanta; German Kall Works, At
lanta; Coweta Fertilizer Co., Newnan;
Empire State Chemical Co., Athens; Me-
Caw Mfg. Co., Macon; Southern Cotton
Oil Co.. Atlanta.
Sore Eyes in Horses.
J. I. W„ Uchee, Ala., writes: There
seems to be something the matter with
my horse's eyes. Within the last ten days
there appears to be a skin growing over
them. He seems to be in good health,
otherwise. I would like to know what to
do for him. v
There Is a thin fleshy membrane in the
corner of the eye of the horse, commonly
called the "haw,” which can be swept
across the eye to remove oreign bodies.
This membrane is naturally best develop
ed in animals which can not rub the
eye. Sometimes this membrane becomes
inflamed or swollen and is partially drawn
across the eyes. This condition is often
called "hooks" by horsemen. Sometimes
the affected haw is cut out. hut this oper
ation is generally regarded as cruel and
unnecessary. Operations of the eye. owing
to the delicate nature of this organ and
the danger of permanent injury, should
only be performed by a competent vete
rinarian. The trouble to which you refer
may be due to another cause. One can
hardly tell without an opportunity to
make a personal examination, but if the
anima) Is a valuable one, we believe It
is your to interest to secure the services
of a veterinarian, and be certain that
you are having the proper treatment pre
scribed.
Disposing of Diseased Apple Trees
A. P. C., Ball Ground, Ga., writes; I
would like to ask a few question through
the agricultural columns which I enjoy
very much. I have some apple trees
which have been set out about £Tx years,
and the dirt has beaten away from the
roots. What must I do for them. Would
you put manure around them and wash
with lime. There is a large piece off the
roots right around the top of the ground.
I also have some land I want to build
up. W’ould velvet beans be the thing?
I have some sedge fields in pasture that
are becoming covered up with pine
bushes. How can I kill them without
digging them up? I want to plant same
in grass. What kind would you recom
mend.
Your trees are probably suffering from
one of two things; either crown gall or
what Is known as hairy root. There is
much dispute as to th* exact cause of
crown gall, though it is now thought to
be due to a certain form of bacteria
which infest the tree. One can avoid this
trouble tfy having the trees examined by
the state entomologist at the time of
purchae, and it is an important thing to
look after, because it is certainly a great
waste of money. and effort to plant a
tree that is diseased and will certainly
die before it comes into profitable bear
ing.
There is no known remedy for hairy
root. If you only have a few of these
trees, probably the best thing you can
do Is to dig them up and burn them.
Put lime tn the holes they occupied and
do not plant trees on this land again for
two or three years. This disease is liable
to spread and infect all of your orchard
if it has now attacked only a part of
it. This is the reason, therefore, that we
advise drastic measures in the treatment
of this trouble at onee. We have seen
mafiy farmers try to save their orchards
and it has always ended tn disaster, so
we t...nk ft is better to give you this in
formation now, so you may lose no time
THE NEW PRESIDENTS CABINET
SECRETARY OF WAR, I
JACOB M’GAVOCK DICKINSON
of Tennessee.
SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
■khT * ■
Uli
GEO. VON LENGERKE MEYER
of Massachusetts.
SECY. COMMERCE AND LABOR,
"" ■
. ? c L'-, ~
CHAS. NAGEL
of Missouri.
In starting over if you desire to do so.
Velvet beans make a good cover crop,
and will grow Very well in this section of
the state. They will not yield, however,
but may be grazed with some advantage
by catlie and other classes of stock, and
the roots can ,u«n be turned under to
enrich the soil.' This cajop should be
plowed under before frost so as to se
cure the benefit of the vegetable matter
and nitrogen which it will add to the
soil. A crop should then be planted on
the land to act as a cover crop during
the winter. A good thing to use would
be vetch and oats, or crimson clover.
We know of no cheap and effective
way of destroying pine sprouts without
digging or grubbing them out.
Tiier? are few if any kinds of grass
that will make much progress in a sedge
field unless it is thoroughly summer fal
lowed and a smother crop like cowpeas
grown on the land for a year or two.
If you want to make a pasture we doubt
if there is anything better than Bermu
da, as it stands the vicissitudes of our
climate better than anything else. For
hay probably tall oat grass is one of the
best varieties to grow. If the land Is
low and moist, red top will answer very
well. For pasture on rielf soils that are
well shaded, orchard grass does fairly
well, but will not yield as much grazing,
nor stand the tramping and hard usage
accorded to Bermuda.
Amount of Fertilizer To Use Under
Cotton
T. L. L„ Canon. Ga., writes: I want
some advice in regard to fertilizers. I
want to use a dry mixture .composed of
phosphoric acid, muriate of potash and
cottonseed meal on a plat of gray sandy
soil. Subsoil is yellow with some sand.
I have Just turned it with two mules
about seven inches. It has made for the
last two years 1,000 pounds of seed
cotton to the acre. I would like to
know how much fertilizer to use at
planting time and as a top dressing.
You may prepare a good fertilizer for
cotton by proceeding as follows: Mix
together 800 pounds of high grade cot
tonseed meal, that is, containing at
least 7 per cent of nitrogen, 1,000
pounds of high grade acid phosphate
and 200 pounds of muriate of potash.
This mixture will contain approximately
4.1 per cent of nitrogen, 8.8 per cent of
phosphoric acid and 5.6 per cent of
potash. We have made the contents of
potash rather high because you wish to
use this fertilizer on gray sandy land,
which is more likely to be deficient in
potash than the clay lands found so
commonly in some sections. Then,
potash in the form of muriate and
kainit is one of the best remedies for
correcting rust of cotton which has yet
been discovered. The rusting of cotton
is due. as you know, to an impoverished
condition of the soil which naturally
i fish can tWut
of our SEINES and NETS and
lookwhat we offer you at the price
SEINES -’HOOP NETS
VXI ALL RIGGED READY FOR USE
Seines, 15 feet, 6 feet k inch, - 81.30
•• 20 “ 4 “ 1 0 twine, - - - - 1.10
•• SO “ » “ 1 “ » “ - - - - 1.90
•• <0 “ 1 “ M " .... 3.98
Hoop net, 354 feet height, double throat, - - 1.50
,r »* • >• •• “ . 5.40
.. 4 .. « •• . 3.00
Write for price list of all kind* of net*
BOURNE & BOND. Louisville, Ky.
Threshing
Machinery
Catalogue Free
Dunn machinery Co.
Dept. “1" ATLAMTA. GA.
SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE,
KU. "9
J
I JAS. WILSON
of lowa. • •
SECRETARY OF INTERIOR,
'•■ < •
' WrMivW
RICHARD ACHILLES BALLINGER
of Washington.
POSTMASTER GENERAL,
FRANK HARRIS HITCHCOCK
of Massachusetts.
reduces the vigor and healthfulness of
the plants grown thereon. It, therefore,
seems to us good practice to use potash
in fairly liberal amounts on sandy soils.
You will see also that this fertilizer
contains a liberal amount of phosphoric
acid which has so much to do with
hastening the maturity of the plants,
and insuring the development of a per
fect seed. The nitrogen content of the
fertilizer is not high; in fact, it is a
little low. You may increase the nitro
gen content of your soil by using the
litter from the woods or compost scat
tered broadcast or under the drill row.
All the farmyard manure you can pos
sibly make or secure should be used on
land intended for corn or cotton, as
vegetable matter improves the mechani
cal condition and is also necessary to
the development of a strong, vigorous
plant. We would advise the use of this
mixture at the rate of 500 pounds per
acre.
Fertilizer Formulas for Corn and
Cotton.
W. C. G., Geneva, Ala., writes: I
would like to know how to mix .cotton
and phosphate for corn. Will It pay to
use nitrate of soda, and when should it
be applied? Will 20 bushels of cotton
and 200 ponds of phosphate make 30 to
40 bushels of corn per acre on average
land?
It is difficult to determine whether
you propose to use cotton seed or cot
ton seed meal in the fertilizer you de
sire to mix tor corn. If you have any
considerable quantity of seed and can
obtain as much-as 320.00 or more a ton
I for it, or can exchange them at an oil
mill on the basis of 1,600 to 1,800
pounds of ineal for a ton of seed, it
will pay you to malee the exchange,
since 900 pounds of meal may regarded
as about equal to one ton of seed In
fertilizer value. The meal is easier to
mix and handle than the seed, and you
can prepare a fertfiMzer to better ad
vantage on that account. When seed
go below 20 cents a Bushel it will often
pay you to keep them on the farm and
use them as fertilzer, but it is to your
advantage generally to sell them or
exchange for meal when they go over
this price.
A good fertilizer for corn may be
prepared as follows: Mix together
1,000 pounds of cotton seed meal, 900
pounds of acid phosphate and 100
pounds of muriate of potash. Only
high-grade goods should be used. This
formula should make a fertilizer con
taining 3.5 per cent of nitrogen and
potash respectively, and 8.2 per cent of
available phosphoric acid <and when
used at the rate of 300 to 500 pounds
per acre should give you good results
on corn. It is not often necessary to
use nitrate of s»da on corn except in
an unfavorable season, or when thS
is late and backward and you de
sire to force it. in that case an appli
cation of 100'to 150 pounds per acre as
a side dressing when the crop is partly
made will be the most effective way.
NO MOUNTS FOR
THE HORSE GUARD
WASHINGTON. Jan. s.—lnability to ob
tain satisfactory mounts after their ar
rival in Washington kept the Governor s
Horse Guard, of Atlanta, from participat
ing in the inaugural parade yesterday
The liverymen of Washington held the
few “hack horses” they had at exorbitant
prices, and this, combined with the ad
verse weather conditions, decided the
Guards in their determination not to par
ticipate in the parade.
However, the troops w'ere milch in evi
dence about the streets of Washington,
and enjoyed the occasion even more than
if they had been in the parade. They
came at their own expense, and did not
share in the money raised by popular sub
scription in Atlanta.
NOTICE TO TEACHERS.
A free trip to the Alaskan-Youkon Exposition,
to be held at Seattle, Washington, next summer,
will be given teachers In public schools. Five
Dollars per day for incidental expenses will be
allowed. For particulars address C. L. Rockwell,
Publicity Director, H-1000 N. Grand Ave., St.
Louis, Mo.
WSTATE SPENDS
FOR EDUCATION
GEORGIA RANKS 42ND BUT
SHOULD RANK HIGHER, AS
SHE SPENDS $7,000,000 AN
NUALLY INSTEAD $3,011,«75.
The startling declaration that the state
of Georgia spends annually for the edu
cation of Its children some four milllion
dollars more than it gets credit for, is
given out unofficially in the offices of
the state school commissioner.
Georgia ranks forty-second among the
states of the union, in point of money
spent for education. South Carolina,
among the southern states, follows after
it. Other southeastern states rank about
with Georgia or a little ahead of it. The
addition of four million dollars to the
state's showing of cost of education
would place it several numbers higher up
on the list, and would probably place it
at the head of all the southern states,
excepting Texas. It would at least head
all the southeastern states.
Figures Should Be $7,000,000
The total cost of education in Georgia
is shown by the 1907 report of the state
school commissioner as $3,011,678.46. or
slightly less than a million more than
the state itself appropriated. According
to the claim of the state school depart
ment, those figures should be approxi
mately $7,000,000. The aggregate amount
shown for 1907 Included reports from only
26 of the two or three hundred prlvato
educational institutions in Georgia.
In other words, by the laxity or neglS*
gence of private institution heads in
Georgia, the state is being deprived of
some four million dollars' credit on the
national records.
A strenuous effort is being made in
those offices to collect such statistics as
will insure that at least a part of that
credit be recorded in the 1908 report of
the state school commissioner, now being
prepared.
According to the foregoing, it is an au
thoritative claim that in addition-to the
two millions and a quarter, approximate
ly, that the state of Georgia appropri
ates annually for it* schools, plus the
million other dollars, approximately, re
garding which information is collected
each year as having been expended in
the cause of education in nrivate schools
and which is incorporated in the commis
sioner’s annual report, there yet remain
not less than four and possibly five or six,
million dollars that are spent In private
Institutions in Georgia and that are not
accounted for to the extent of even a dol
lar In the statement which Georgia an
nually gives forth to the country as show
ing her expenditure* for enlightenment of
the young.
Commissioner’s Opinion
State School Commissioner Pound and
Assistant Commissioner Merry, both of
whom are capable of expert opinion in the
matter, are in accord on this claim that
Georgia is being annually rated as a state
spending about three millions on educa
tion when as a matter of fact she 1* en
titled to classification on * basis of seven
millions, at a conservative estimate.
Every effort is being made this year
to collect the valuable information that
bears so directly upon the state's good
name. But as the Institutions to which
the missing millions would be credited are
not in any way» under control of the state
school department, the only course the
commissioner’s office can pursue Is to ap
peal directly to the institutions them
selves to furnish the commissioner's of
fice with the necessary information and
statements on which the true showing
could be based of Georgia's annual ex
penditures for the education of her young
er generajrton. »
PROF. DE LOACH SPEAKS
ON “DEBT TO BIRDS”
Before a large and appreciative au
dience, Professor B. J. H. DeLoach, of
the chair of cotton industry at the State
Agricultural college, delivered on Friday
afternoon a highly Interesting lecture on
“Our Debt to the Birds,” at a meeting
of the Atlanta Kindergarten Alumni as
sociation.
Professor DeLoach cam* as a repre
sentative of the university extension,
lecture system, and his address w*s
greatly enjoyed. Unser three principal
heads, Professor DeLoach stressed the
general field of bird study and litera
ture, the economic, and finally the aes
thetic value of bird*.
It will be recalled that just a year ago
Professor DeLoach entertained John
Burroughs, the great naturalist, while
he was on a tour along the south Atlan
tic seaboard. At that time Professor De-
Loach was at the head of the department
of botany of the Georgia Experiment
Station, and Mr. Burroughs visited him
at Experiment. ,
In speaking of the work at the State
Agricultural college, Professor DeLoach
said that recently splendid new equip
ments, valued at $15,000, had been in
stalled In the large, new building, which
rendered the equipment there practically
Unexcelled in the southern states or
throughout the entire nation. The agri
cultural college is only at the beginning
of a broadly widened and extended use
fulness to the farmers and citiaens gen
erally of the entire state.
WAR ON TUBERCULOSIS
STARTED BY BRYAN
NEW YORK, March 6.—William J.
Bryan was in this city today on nts way
to Newark. N. J., where he lectured to
night and called on Nathan Straus to
consult him about the way in which he
could best help in the warfare against
tuberculosis.
It is Mr. Bryan’s Intention to give con
siderable time and effort the next few
years to compaigning against tubercu
losis by spreading the knowledge of the
Pasteurizing methods which Mr. Straus
has used in his 17 years' fight against the
disease and by attacking tuberculosis at
its origin, the infected milk from tuber- ,
culosis cows. i
“I have been impressed,” said Mr. 1
Bryan, “with the array of facts, vividly
shown In the tuberculosis exhibition now
in Philadelphia and I hope that this ex
hibition wTTI be brought to the great
west so that the people out there cai.
be shown the dangers and the way to
overcome them —by fresh air, healthful
habits, clean lives and the pasteurization
of milk.”
RUNAWAY SENATORS
COME BACK HOME
NASHVILLE, Tenn., March a.—After
spending just one week at Hopkinsville. ,
Ky., eight of the thirteen state senators
who ran away from here to break a
quorum and thus prevent the passage ot
objectionable election bills, returned to
Nashville from Kentucky at 10 o'clock
this morning. The runaways were ac
corded a rousing reception when they
stepped from the train at the union sta
tion,, and were escorted to the capitoi oy
their friends, where they took their usual
seats in the senate chamber.
The returning senators say that an
agreement has been made whereby the
coalitionists promise not to attempt to
force a ratification of Wednesday s elec
tion. but will leave the matter as it now
stands to be tried out in the courts. Both
the state-wlders and admlnistrationists
have had legal advice and each side
claims to be within the law.
The remaining five runaways are ex
pected here today. 1
GROWERS Os SOUTH
WITH EXCHANGE
ORGANIZATIONS IN SEVERAL
STATES PATTERN AFTER THH
GEORGIA FRUIT EXCHANGE.
ORANGE SHIPMENTS LIKELY.
Fruit, melon and vegetable grower*
of the south are organizing, following the '
success of the Georgia Fruit exchange,
and. having adopted that organization's
shipping plan, are co-oper?»!ng with it
for better prices that would result from J
improved facilities and the avoidance of -Jg
glutted markets.
The organization of the Georgia ex- "•
change has encouraged other states to
take similar steps. Organizations have
either been formed, or are in process of
formation, in Texas, Florida, Oklahoma
and Tennessee, and several growers ot 5
Tennessee and South Carolina have
joined the Georgia exchange and will j
ship through it.
It is very probable tnat the orang*
growers of Florida, and also the vegeta- .
ble growers there, will act with the Geor- I
gia exchange and handle their shipments
through it. Such an organization as this
would be eminently practicable, because •
the shipping seasons do not conflict ax . I
to time, and the combination would have
the effect of keeping the full organize- .
tlon of the Georgia exchange active tne
year around.
Manager I. M. Fleming, as southeaster*!
agent of rhe Armour car line* hai "
handled the Florida shipments and wouio
be in a position to handle them again fur
the Georgia exchange.
Oklahoma Organizes .j 3
The Oklahoma State Fruit Growers* ./j|
association, which met in Fl Rent’ on ’,i
February 27. and organized, and the Lo- .
gar County Fruit Growers’ association, ot
Guthrie. Okla., have both adopted flans
similar to those of the Georgia Fruit ex
change, and have promised their co- f
operation. The Texas fruit growers h|
formed an organization after the plans of
the Georgia exchange, and have prom- .
ised their hearty co-operation. It la re- ■
ported that 50 per cent of the Texas peach
crop in the vicinity of Morrill has been
killed.
The Tullahoma. Tenn., growers wrote
the exchange for information about Us
plan, and say that they will adopt. K.
President Tagley. of the Georgia ex
; change, has met with the Cleveland grovf- J|
ers and addressed them on the Georgia ,
plan.
The South Carolina growers have al- . “
ready joined the exchange and the can-
1 teloupe growers of Oglethorpe, Ga., I
through D. P. Cooglcr. have notified th* ;
exchange that they want to join it. Th* ?
exchange officers announce that tney will
be glad to explain their plan to anyon*
Interested, and promise their co-opera- |
tion. j.
President H. C. Bagley, of the Georgia Ct
'exchange, is enthusiastic, over the out
look for co-operation among southern
growers. ti
“It must be understood at the outset,
he said, "that our plan is not a trust,
and has no radical or Socialistic tenden
cies. So far from benefiting the grower
alone, it is a protection for the conimls- M
sion men, and has been indorsed by most J
us the leading members of the National 7
' League of Commission Merchant*. Tho
I railroads arc heartily in sympathy with
: it, and the growers themselves—or at least
85 per cent of them in Georgia—have g
' shown their faith by pledging to ship ’
' through the exchange and by subscribing |
! to its stock.
| “There is nothing radical in our plan.
I It is simply the systematizing of a plan
I already in use. It is a protection to the ,
grower against glutted markets, dishonest
commission men, poor packing, and save*
him the trouble of adjusting claims with
the transportation men, gives him e. bet
ter system of schedules, and takes th*
details of shipping from him.
“The commission which the dealers j
share with the exchange goes back to th* .
growers as a dividend on their stock, do
far from the exchange costing the
anything, it gives him a profit. On th*
other hand, the commiston men, being as-.wj
sured against the glutting of the market,
gets more commission on higher price*, j,;
and has his f. o. b. shipment* protected.
The railroads profit by settling all claima ,
or disputes through one man, th* manager
of the exchange, instead of with individu
al growers.
The exchange, moreover, is not a prl- fi
vate enterprise, run for the profit of on*
grower or set of growers. Al) grower*,
large and small, profit in proportion to
the amount of their shipments. ej
“The exchange will widen th* markets.
I should be glad to answer any inquiries ,
which may be directed to me, and 1 am
i gratified to know that the growers of th*
south show such a disposition to get to
gether.”
LAW SOAKS TARDY
INSURANCE FIRMS
Eighteen insurance companies which
did business in Georgia during 1908.
will be outlawed in this state aurjng th* •
rest of the year, is the startling fact that ■
has just come to light over at th* oapi- g
toL • , ’J
All insurance companies are required
by law to file their semi-annual state- ,
ments with the governar within sixty
days after the expiration of the j>*riod .•
they cover. On March 1, sixty days af*
ter January 1, eighteen companies; had 5
not yet filed those statements—either ?
through neglect or indifference.
In event of failure to comply with thl*
requirement, provides the law, the gov- ;
ernor shall report all delinquents to tho
insurance commissioner (Comptroller- Q
General W. A. Wright), who shall can
cel their licenses to operate in Georgia
during the rest of the current year.
Wherefore eighteen insurance com
panies. of which several are said to be
Georgia organizations, have already for
felted their right to operate In this stat*
until Jan. 1. 1910.
The statement of the governor’s office
is already prepared for transmission to
the comptrolled general, and will b*
placed in the hands of the latter offfcal
next Monday. •
JuifidL
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Farquhor Separaw.*, Large *nd Small
We are Southern Agents for the abort
machinery; can quote best net* priest *
and make you easiest terms obtalnalilA
Write to us for catalog and prices.
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Box 274. Winder, Ga.
5
