Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, May 19, 1911, Image 4

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Atlanta semi-weekly journal., May 19, 1911, Page 4, Image 4

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Newspaper Page Text4 THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL ATLANTA. OA. * MOBTK FORSYTE ST. Eniereti »t tb« Atlanta PoctoCfic* a» Mall Matter of the Claja JAMES B. OBIT, President and Editor. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE Twet»e moot ba ”*■ Sil rer®th» ... ** Th I ** amtM - The Sens!-Weekly Journal l» pu bl I abed oa Tteeday ■«» Friday, and la mailed by the abort eat tvetea for early delivery. It contains neaa from all over the world, broncbt by ape-la! leaned wires Into oar offc- It baa a staff of diet ia*u.<hed contr&otera. with stems ileparttnenw at special value to the botce and tbe farm. Agent* wanted at every poatcfflce. Libera! M*aunta»i«n allowed. Outfit f*ee. Write to P R. Randolph. Cinralatton Manager. Tbe onlr traveling representatives we have are J A. Bryan, R. F. Bolton. C. C. Coyle and M. H. Gilreath. We will be responsible only tar money paid to tbe above named traveling eapreatutatirc* MOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Tbe label used for addressing yen’ * paper pbosrs tbe time yoor subscription expiree. By renewing at least two / weeks before tbe date oa tbs label, you leetire regular ervice. In ordering paper ebanged, be sure to mention your oM. as well as your new. address. If on a rural route, please give tbe route number. We cannot enter subscriptions to be gtu with back numbers. Remittance should be sent by postal order or regis tered mall. Address all orders and notices for this . department to THE SEMI-WEEKLY » JOIRNAI. Atlanta. Ga. Where are the old-»!• of the thrilling air ship flights? Now let the supreme court smoke up and give us the tobacco decision. We are presented the hope each day that peace is drawing near in Mexico. As Life points out. there are no strik ers among those who work for graft. We would suggest that spectators of the Mexican war wear bullet-proof suits Isn’t it about time for permanent peace to be restored again uown in Mex ico? President Dial is naturally skeptical of the honors given an ex-president. ' John L. Sullivan says: "Keep away from boose.” And John L. ought tn know. A: least Monday was one Monday when one of the trust decisions actually materialized Tell the truth about Texas, says a Houston paper, but it doesn’t mean the truth that hurts. Ella Wheeler Wilcox read a poem in London the other day. Why not? Don’t we have to read Austin's? And where is the old-fashioned young hdy who* wound up the evening's enter tainment with a "recitation?” We don’t think that tbe supreme court’s decision in the oil trust case will cause John D. to shed many tears. There is no good reason now why the American soldiers in Texas shouldu t be turned loose on the boll weevil A Birmingham physician says women would be better off without hats. This physician evidently doesn't cater to suf fragette practice. Snake with feet and legs has been been killed near Waycross, and we had thought the blind tigers were pretty well controlled down there. Even if the supreme court decisions do satisfy Wall street, we can’t pay those collectors until we see how the presi dential election is going. I - Colonel Roosevelt is seeking no polar honors with Peary. The colonel couldn't be blamed. There are acme things that can't be proved. Pdesident Taft is said not to have greatly enjoyed a wild west show recent- ! ly, but then the president has seen congress in several filibusters. ■ On the same day that Standard Oil : lost out in America, a bill curtailing the power of the lords was pased in Lon don. It was a bad day for the men higher up. A St Louis man came near being fin ed for being late at court, but explain- ' Cd that he was delayed Rooking up his wife's dress The judge excused him. The judge wss married. Now there is a question as to whether General SherL.an did or did not say “War is heli.” Wouldn't it be better it <rest men would have affidavits handy when thejzsaj* such things? I According to a life insurance compa- I By. the average man's life has increas- ■ ed five years in the past 25 years. Will those who increased their age please sav whether tbey used tobacco or 11- ' *“■’ Diaz is apparently willing enough to quit the job. but he'd rather not have the job quit him. But why should congress complain of the beat, when the mint julep is at its best in Washington. Where are the old-fashioned mother in-law and stovepipe jokes the comic weeklies used to print? Considering tbe fact that the season is so favorable, the fish yarn shows a com mendable conservatism These new clothes you are going to wear to the coronation will also look well at Lae summer resorts. Why are there so many June bridt-s? a subscriber asks. Probably because there are not so many in May. As many people as there are out of work. It is still difficult to find a man even moderately capable with the lawn mower. The finest light summer reading we know of is tn the railrad circular extoll ing the scenery and summer resorts on •ts lines. A news report says that the insur gents don't want Taft as president. Taft, however, still assumes the Dias attitude toward the rebels. Ruots,Barks,Herbs That have great medicinal power, are raised to their highest efficiency, for purifying and enriching the blood, as they are combined in Hood'd Sarsapa rilla. which is Peculiar to Itself. 40.384 testimonials received by actual count in two years—a record unparallel ed tn the history of medicine. Be sure to take . Hood’s Sarsaparilla this Spring. It will make you feel bet ter. look better, eat and sleep better. Get It today in usual liquid form oi Chocolated tablets called Sarsatabs. THE STANDARD OIL DECISION Few decisions of the United States supreme court have been awaited with interest so- tense and universal as that rendered Monday in the case of the government against the Standard Oil Company. For four years this litigation has been in progress. It involved issues of the utmost importance in the country’s economic life and upon its outcome, it was believed, rested the potency of congress to end certain practices that fettered commercial freedom \ind menaced the nation’s common welfare. There are two standpoints from which the court’s decision must be viewed: first, its definite effect as regards the particular case in hand and, after that, its broader bearing upon such prob lems as the Sherman anti-trust act was designed to solve. It is held in the first place that the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, together with its nineteen subsidiary corporations, is a monopoly in restraint of trade and that within six months it must be dissolved. Concerning this particular trust, therefore, the decision is precise and it is greeted by the great majority of the American people as bringing timely relief from interests that, in the language of counsel, “have waved the black flag over theland as others in former days had waved it over the sea. In its more general aspect, however, the decision is far from being precise and to that extent its value is circumscribed and impaired. The Sherman anti-trust act declares unreservedly that all combinations in restraint of trade are illegal. But the opinion of the court, delivered by Chief Justice White, declares that only such combinations as are in “undue” or “un reasonable” restraint of trade ma/ be considered illegal. Such a ruling is not an interpretation but ratter an evasion of the law. It is not derived from the statute but is injected into it, and bears all the marks of judicial legislation. It 'N from this portion of the opinion that justice Harlan, though in a minority of one, dissents so emphatically and so log ically. He meets the issue squarely by holding that such a term as “unreasonable” or “undue” has no place whatever in either the language or the general intent of the law and that when the majority of the justices imported into the statute such a meaning they overstepped the province of thd judiciary and entered that which rightfully belongs to congress alone. The soundness of this contention is evidenced by the fact that congress has repeatedly declined to amend the Sherman anti-trust act so that its application might be limited to particular types or methods of combinations in restraint of trade. Indee.l, the word “unreasonable” Aself, the very adjective employed by the court, was rejected by congress when the law was framed Lud adopted in 1890, despite the most aggressive efforts of certain interests to ■have it inserted. There have been a number of subsequent attempts to ingraft upon the statute as it now stands some qualifying phrase but none of them has succeeded. It is clear, therefore, that the court has done what the makers of the law themselves persistently refused to do; it has set up the principle that not all combinations in restraint of trade are for bidden but only those that exceed certain limits of monopoly. What are these limits! How are they to be determined and by whom! By applying “the rule of reason,” says the court. It is just here that the decision, otherwise so cogent, becomes indecisive and flings wide the door to a realm of dimness and confusion. For, under this construction of the law, monopolies must be prosecuted not because they are illegal but because they are bad. Other mo nopolies will escape prosecution not because they are legal but because, under the rule of this decision, the department of justice may decide that they are good and, therefore, decline to prosecute. We shall thus have three general divisions of trusts those that are not all in restraint of trade, those that are “duly.” in restraint of trade, and finally those that are unduly so. How faint and tenuous will be the boundary line between these latter two! If ever there was a “twilight zone’ it arises just here. Such a condition, we believe, is as unsatisfactory to business at large as to the government. For, it will thus be possible for the department of justice to decide far more arbitrarily than now what corporations shall be prosecuted and what interests shall go un disturbed under the anti-trust la v.‘ Two trusts may, in this wise, be restraining trade. It will be for the departmental official to attack the one and spare the other upon his own opinion or in clination. Such a condition, we submit, is far from desirable for business interests whose ' security requires first of all that the laws be definite and not susceptible of capricious application. W hether or not it would have been wise or expedient from the standpoint of the business interests of the country for the court to have interpreted this statute strictly in accordance with its un questionable meaning and intent, is beside the point. Judicial legislation or judicial mqdification of a statute, positive in its terms and clear in its meaning and purpose, never yet corrected the evils o' such a statute or remedied the wrongs against which it was de signed. . The plain duty of the courts in such cases is to interpret the law according to its true intent and purpose, regardless of the consequences. ’ We may grant, that this law as it stands today is ex cessively stringent, that in some instances it might work unwar ranted hardship. But if that be true, there is then all the greater reason for its being literally and unequivocally construed; for, the surest means of getting rid of a« really undesirable* statute lies in its unflinching enforcement. If the Sherman anti-trust act is too severe and is calculated to injure honest business, congress should take due action. But certainly it is neither the duty nor the prerogative of the supreme court to enter, the field of legislation in order that this end may be accomplished. The function of the judiciary is to interpret laws, not to make or modify Jhem. Viewed in this light, the decision of the supreme court Standard Oil case is most timely and acceptable in so far as the particular suit with which it deals is concerned. Indeed, it is in many respects a monumental decision. But the consensus of the country’s soberest thought, we believe, will be that the decision shies the one question that is most far reaching in its scope, the really crucial question as to whether the Sherman an/i-trust law is to be enforced or evaded. This was the pivotal issue that required determination. But by reading into the statute a meaning unwar ranted by the act of congress, the court leaves the question in a more nebulous condition than before. LIVING OUT THEIR DOCTRINE. • It is one of the cardinal doctrines of the Farmers’ National Co operative and Educational union that none of its officials shall hold political office. The Georgia division of the organization has recently given signal proof of its fidelity to this principle. Mr. Emmet Cabaniss. who is now president of the Georgia di vision, has been elected a member of the state legislature and will take his seat at the forthcoming session on June 28. The union has accordingly determined to hold its annual convention on June 20-22, some thirty days earlier than heretofore, and choose his successor. President Cabaniss has served this cause with marked effici ency and ditinction and he has the cordial appreciation of all its followers. He, nevertheless, recognizes, together with his com rades in.the work, the importance of adhering strictly to the organ ization’s law. and so upon assuming a state office he will end his present official connections. By this action the Georgia division of the union proves specif ically that it is just what its name impties—“eo-opreative and edu cational.” not political. Its aim is to advance agricultural inter ests by modern business methods and by spreading the gospel of scientific fanning. ... „ , , . .... THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, MAY 19, 1911. ® li ' C (pUAITRY FjOME topics BY 2TRS, W HJELTOA. THE SPABTAN VIBTUES OF BO SCO E CONKLING I read today in a newspaper of high standing a tribtue to Senator Conkling, of New York, that I was truly glad to see. It comes late, but itstands good. This history of this country whenever written, according to the’ facts and the truth will do Mr. Conkling justice. The story goes that after General Gar field got the nomination for president he came back to Washington city to be pres ent at a jollfication meeting. The meet ing occurred at the Riggs house, an ex tempore platform having been erected for the use of the speakers. Everybody un deretod that General Grant had been de feated by corrupt money. Prominent among the corruptionists was the Pacific railroad lobby, and Blaine was their man. In case Blaine could not ‘‘make the trip,” then a man which Blaine could use should go in. Those railroad mag nates poured out millions to compass their desires. Garfield, after he was nominat ed, was obliged to promise he would put Stanley Matthews on the bench. I have seen a letter written by Jay Gould, in which he asked a United States senator if he would vote for the confirmation of Matthews if Garfield should nominate him. I presume the senator did not promise, or that> letter would not have been exposed. I was well acquainted with the senator and his good wife, and he came from a western state. But when the crowd collected Yn front of the Riggs house, and-' Mr. Garfield made his speech, there was little cheer ing, and no enthusiasm. Several speak ers came along after him, and one of them mentioned Grant’s name, which turned that multitude into a shouting mass of people, and the deafening cheers could be heard at the capitol, nearly a mile away. The writer who has lately written this published account winds up by saying: “If Garfield had only had the ‘Spartan virtues of Conkling,' he would have made a great president.” After Garfield was inaugurated, and Mr. Blaine became his secretary of state. It was understood that Mr. Blaine was real ly the executive. Some prominent poli ticians in New York state, formerly Grant men, were immediately given the best positions. Conkling and Platt un earthed a conspiracy, where they had the Indisputable proof that these New York ers had betrayed Grant and deceived Cankllng before the election. Then it was that Conklin and Platt handed in their resignations and retired from the senate. The Pacific railroads were in the saddle. They had put their man in the presidency, put a man on the supreme bench and were now ruling the various states with an iron hand. Mr. Conkling refused to mix with such a gang, and although he had held his position as senator for a long time he refused to gang with a political faction in his own party, ewho would serve a mammoth corporation to be paid in their corrupt money, but our southern papers went wild with delight when Mr. Conk ling left the senate. They hooted like crazy people, and future historians will perhaps make it plain that Pacific lobby money had a good deal to do with Geor gia’s vote for Stephen J. Field in the national Democratic convention of 1880. ENGLAND'S BIGGEST ISSUE. The pace of British politics has been greatly quickened by Tuesday’s vote in the house of comimoris whereby the so-called veto - hili', limiting the powers of the upper chamber, passed by a ma jority of one hundred and twenty-two. It is an interesting and significant fact, that at this xery time the peers are debating a reform measure of their own which in some respects is as sweeping as that the commons have just agreed upon. In this circumstance some students of the situation foresee a compro mise upon the whole issue—by far the greatest constitutional issue that England has known within recent times. The veto bill, which passed yesterday, was decidedly too mild to satisfy the more radical elements in the house of commons, nota bly the Laborites. These were openly for a straight-out abolition of the lords. The upper chamber, they declared, had ceased to serve any useful purpose in the plan of England government and should be lopped off as a dead and encumbering branch. Evi dently, however, the English people are not ready’ for any such landslide change. They recognize the need of a second legislative chamber, with its cooling and balancing influence. And so the veto bill, in a noteworthy preamble, virtually com mits the government to a preservation of a second chamber, but ”.t the same time it greatly modifies the authority of that body and ■promises further reforms for the future. Substantially, it limits the powers of the lords to those of the suspension and revision of measures that come from the lower house. At present the lords can in effect kill almost any bill that does not suit them and it is a mat ter of reCord that their power has been well-nigh invariably direct ed against liberal measures. The bill which the peers themselves are now considering for their own reform was introduced by Lord Lansdowne. It provides instead of an assembly that is based almost entirely upon heredity, a new chamber in which only one hundred members will represent the principle of heredity. The seven hundred lords who now the oretically hold seats will be required to select one hundred of their number and only such of them as have rendered some distinctive service to the state will be eligible. The remainder of the house will be composed of one hundred and twenty so-called lords of par liament chosen by members of the house of commons representing .the various electoral districts. In addition to these, it is proposed that there shall be a hundred lords named by the king, that is to sav in effect, by the prime minister of the party dominant in the lower house, and there shall also be seven bishops and sixteen law lords. Such, in outline, is the plan proposed by Lord Lansdowne. His proposition has met indifferent support on the part of the peers, however, and it is not probable that they tvill accept this proposal any more readily than the veto bill. But the issue must be brought to some sort of settlement and that speedily. It is, therefore, be lieved by some political observers that the leaders of the two cham bers and the two greater parties will in the near future council to gether and agree upon a compromise measure. There can, of course, be no very distinct .compromise, for both the 1 veto bill and the Lansdowme bill provide basic changes in the present form and power of the upper chamber. The significant fact is that the latter measure goes far enough to make it possible for the reformers among the commons to come forward and con sider its terms while at the same time the veto bill already passed is not too radical to invite the further attention of the lords. In the heat of the political campaigns that led up to the present situation, it was sometimes predicted that England was on the brink of a revolution. This view, however, was not shared by the world at large, nor by the majority of Britishers. The poise and restraint with which this nation has faced and solved other grave ■ problems would sustain it in this one; such was the general faith. I And the circumstances of today point clearly in that direction. Stephen J. Field had been placed on 4he supreme bench of the United States by Pacific railroad influence. He was to be. nominated for president by the Demo crats, if General Grant secured the nomi nation of the national Republican party. Stephen J. Field was only a tool of the Pacific railroad. Everybody In Wash ington city knew what ne stood for, but there was sufficient influence used in Georgia in the year 1880 to make our Democrats give Stephen J. Field the overwhelming majority of the Democratic votes. He got 84 votes in the convention in Atlanta, while Mr. Tilden got only 17 as the choice of Georgia Democrats. We were in Washington city and saw this vote announced to our dismay and dis gust. Mr. Conkling knew all these things. He could not swallow such Republican ism. And I confess I could not swallow such democracy! Conkling could afford to wash his hands of such filth, but Geor gia was led along blindly to obey the Pacific -railroads In 1880. THE EADIES CAM VOTE IN THEIB OWN ELECTIONS I was muth interested in the action of the Daughters of the American Revo lution, where one candidate got 614 votes and was elected, and the other got 460 votes and was defeated. There were less than 150 votes difference and the number of voting delegates was consider ably over 1,000. That is equal to what the men do. By the time the women are given the ballot these daughters of the American Revolution can show them how to vote and conduct a campaign. Mrs. Matthew T. Scott, of Illinois, won in the race. She is a sister of Mrs. Adlai Stevenson, of Illinois, with whom I was well acquainted during the session of the forty-fifth congress. She roomed on the same floor with me in the old National hotel, and I saw a great deal of her during one or two winters. Her husband came to congress as an Inde pendent Greenback candidate and was chaperoned by Judge Davis, of the su preme bench (they both lived in Bloom ington, HI.), and I often thought of what would have been said of him in Georgia by the yelling partisans )vho denounced independents as traitors and disorganiz ers of the party. But Judge Davis took such care of Mr. Adlai Stevenson that the Democrats elected him as vice president along with Mr. Cleveland in the year 1892. They hoped to “catch 'em a coming and a go ing." So the president ran as a gold bug and the vice president had no public record except as a free sllverite. With such a sieve as that they caught the fish and won the election. I saw Mrs. Steven son several times'in Chicago with her distinguished husband, the vice president. They put up at the Palmer house, where I boarded during Chicago exposition. Mrs. Scott looks well, if her pictures do not flatter here. Her sister, Mrs. Stevenson, was a • dainty, delicate lady, and doubtless aided Mrs. Scott in her late election. But these Illinois women will know how to vote and conduct a campaign when they are given state and federal suffrage. I am somewhat proud of their ability to do things when they get a chance to vote. Facts About The Farm HOW TO GBOW PBIMBOSES The best way to propagate primroses is from seeds, which should be sown as soon as the soil becomes :horoughly warm. The seeds are quite small, but are easily started by sowing in a box or The soil must be sifted fine and of a moldy consistency, which will not bake or become hard. Press the surface of the soil smooth and level, sow the se£d evenly and thinly, and cover lightly. It is a mistake to sow deeply. The primrose requires a moirfi. but not wet soil, and if the soil is allowed to dry out before the plants appear, propagation will be greatly retarded or entirely stopped. Used in borders or in pots, the little primrose is always a beautiful, cheerful plant. ENDIVE NOT HABD TO GBOW Endive may be sotfn early in cold frames or in tbe open ground like let tuce Sowings may also be made at any time during the summer, although plants grown in the heat of midsummer have not the best quality. Fall grown plants may be taken up with a good supply of adhering earth and stored in a dry cel lar for winter use. There are several distinct varieties of endive, those having smooth leaves being the larger and coarser. The finely cut and curled vari eties and more particularly those w.th naturally whitened leaves are most at tractive and usually most tender. painting fabm machinebt. Iron or steel surfaces should be care fully cleaned, by means of a steel wire brush and emery paper, to insure the removal of all rust before painting. Paint generally should be applied with a good round brush, and well rubbed out. The rubbing out serves to remove any bubbles of air, also the film of air found on all surfaces; and it insures a thor ough incorporation of the paint with the surface, thus affording better protection. The rusting of farm machinery is no doubt largely due to the fact that it is “painted" by the dipping process. Air bubbles causing openings in the paint film, moisture enters and rusting begins; also’, the paint not being cemented to the surface by being well brushed out, is easily removed mechanically.—G. W. Walker. WELL CURED HAMS AND BACON The men who are curing hams and bacon a s their grandfathers did withput the use of injurious chemicals are mak ing big money. These men find ready sale at full retail prices for all the hams, shoulders and bacons they can supply to private cus tomers. It is a fact that most of the ham that is now sold in the city markets stiffens and becomes as hard and unyielding as an oak plank as soon as it becomes hot on the broiler or the skillet. This is due to improper curing. IMPOBTS OF NUBSEBY STOCK INTO CANADA The imports of nursery stock into Can ada during the last fiscal year amount ed to $134,673, of which the imports from the United States amounted to $111,636. The imports by classes were as follows: Currant, raspberry and gooseberry bushes and grapevines, total $14,189, from she United States $11,980; apple, cherry, peach, pear, plum and quince trees, total $51,451, from the United States $50,320; all other trees, plants, shrubs, etc., total $69,035, from the United States $49,3?6. All the fruits and berries which grow tn the temperate zone ripen in Prince Edward island. Much attention ha s been given in late years to the production of the smaller fruits, which come into the local market at a time when the season therefor in the United States has passed. Berries and cherries, pears and plums are shipped to Boston in the months of August and September, and command a good price there.—Consul Frank Deed meyer. HELPFUL SUGGESTIONS ' Much depends upon the care the little chicks get at the start. Scatter ashes around the currant and gooseberry bushes. Treat yourself and the mother to a strawberry patch this year. Start today. Scratch a little grass seed into the bare spots when cleaning up the yard. Later it will look better. Have you cleaned, oiled and repaired the work harness? Watch the shoulders of the plow horses. They are easily made sore after a win ter's Idleness. Clean the fence corners and destroy the insect eggs deposited in dry places, grass and other trasn. Plant shade trees. Their cool shelter will be valuable after awhile. DO, THE BUST BEE! Three hundred billion bees, according to one exper apiarian, made enough honey last year to fill a train of cars to reach from New York to Buffalo At th© low wholesale rate of 10 cents a pound was worth $23,000,- 000, and if the 700,000 beekeepers of the country had worked as IndustricTusly and skillfully as did the bees the weight of the output would have been three times as great and the value $75,000,- 000, Not only did the little workers contrib ute that vast supply of pure and deli cious food product to the nation, J>ut as they made it they treated it antiseptf cally with formic acid, thus preventing impurities or decay. NOTES OF THE SHEEPFOLD No use to buy pure-bred sheep if they are to be allowed to starve and rustle around for themselves. A scrub will do better under such conditions. Never buy a ram whose wool is scan ty on tbe belly and legs. He should be well covered and the fleece should be uniform. In sleeting a ram always pick out one that stands square on his legs, shows courage and masculinity. A slow, pokey animal will prove a diappointment. If a ewe keeps her lamb in fine fat condition up to the time of weaning, be sure she z is a good mother, and keep her. x The real value of a sheep cannot be determined, particularly as a breeder, until it is one year of age. A dairy farm of a dozen cows can maintain a flock of 15 t o 20 sheep al most without expense. PIE PLANT EASY TO GBOW * Pie plant Is easily produced in a com mercial way, yields immensely, and is easily gathered and put into jshape for the market. It can be shipped almost any distance. Then, too, me demand for . it on the market makes it one of the two best vegetables for commercial use. Pie- plant is usually set in rows four feet apart • and two and one-half feet i in the rows, asparagus it should be carefully tended and heavily manur- j ed. It should be fertilized every winter No pie plant should be pulled for thei market for the first year, no matter I how healthy an<j vigorous it may seem.: After the first year it may be pulled, for the market at any time as soon as frost is gone. PICKED VP IN THE OBCHABD Three years of spraying, pruning an* I cultivation will bring an orchard that you are ashamed of »nto a condlt:oa that you will be proud or. If you think of setting but an orenarg and have had no experience, better hire a good man to show you how. if you can get a man from your experiment station you will indeed be fortunate. If not, then try to get the man who grows the best fruit in yodr country. The inexperienced planter thinks he getting a bargain when he buys trees three or four years old, but experience will show him that yearlings are better and he should never plant anything over two years old. Always buy clean, straight trees witn short stems and even tnen do not t>e afraid to prune before planting. HUNTEBS KILLING OFF THE BIBDB Mr. J. P. Gilbert, of the University of Illinois, said in a recent lecture on “Birds of the Farm and City,” that the hunters of cities who did not realize the value of birds to farm products made possible an annual loss from farm insects to crops and forests of the United States of $700,- 000,000. Mr. Gilbert said it is due to destruction of quail in Illinois that tbe potato bug was becoming such a pest; that quail on the table is worth a few cents, but that quail on the farm is worth many dollars; that every hawk and owl is worth on an average S3O to the state; that one “flick er" can eat 5,000 ants at a single meal; that the kingfisher is the most powerful defender of the poultry yard in existence. FOB THE HOBSE BBEEDEB Pure bred draft horses are always in big demand at good prices. Many pure bred stallion colts are sold at SI,OOO as three-year-olds, while pure bred mares bring from S3OO to SSOO. A really good horse is never of a bad color but some colors, such as perfectly dappled grays, pure blacks and blue roans command better prices than others. If English farmers can afford to use pure bred draft horses that are worth SSOO for ordinary farming operations why cannot our farmers afford them as well? Do not change the work horses from grain to grass too suddenly. In fact horses on heavy work every day should have little grass. GV ABD AGAINST THE HOVSE FEY We know that malaria owes its exist ence in the human system to the agency of a mosquito; that another mosquito transmits the deadly germ of yellow fe ver, and that* the filthy house fly, alto gether too’ common in our homes, may be under certain conditions the means of conveying the germ of typhoid from fl.th to articles of food. following the style A story is told of an Ohio farmer who was greatly worried over a bunch of likely shoats which he was fattening for market. Despite the ecellent feed and | care given them, the pigs did not take on flesh, although those of his neigh bors fattened rapidly on similar rations. The pigs grew upward, but not side wise. Suddenly he discovered a strange thing. After giving them their break fast one morning, he followed the pigs . to a distant part of the field, where he saw the shoats performing a gymnastic exercise with a white pig. the scrawniest of the lot, playing instructor. The farm er promptly separated the white pig from his brothers, and he declares they took on flesh rapidly after that. DEEP OB SHALLOW SEEDING Dig up grain plants a~d you will find tuat they form their roots at the same depth whether planted deep or shalloy. When sown too deep the plant seeds up a growth till within abou* an inch of the surface and there starts the real root system. Jt takes work to send up this growth, so the more shallow the seed can be sown, and yet deep enough so it can get moisture, the better, A good seed bed should be fairly compact, the more compact It is the nearer the sur face the moisture comes. helps fob the hog BAISEB It is common sense that a mature sow will produce larger and more per fect pigs than a very young One. | Do not rfttempt to raise fall Tigs with out having first prepared a perfect sys i tem of housing for the winter. Spring pigs can get along very well without shelter except from rain until fall, then if you are so shiftless as to fail to provide shelter they are better able to stand cold and rain. Some people claim that a hog is 4 scavenger by nature but he certainly strives better on clean fsed and decent surroundings. Free ranre for hogs does not mean that they should be allowed to run in the highways and through the neigh bors' fences. Every inclosure for the hog should be perfectly tight and with the excel lent wire fences that are how manufac- | tured this is an easy matter. Milk pans and pails are a,, the better tor a good sunbath In a sweet,, airy place, after having been washed, scald ed and dried. , The hunt for squirrels and such rodents as carry the deadly flea that spreads the bubonic plague is to be carried into the Monterey national forest, California. Since July 85,‘000 squirrels have been ex amined in the suspected districts. The government has spent’ $800,600 on this work and the state and counties of Cal ifornia $500,000 more. A farmer in the peaoh growing district of the Ozarks sold a gallon of chemically preserved peaches for S2O. They will be exhibited all over the country. Get the horseradish into the ground just as soon as possible. Plant the roots two or three inches deep with the thick end up. The soil must be very rich. Spinach is one of the best things to grow. It is better to sow it in the fall for as a rule it cannot be sown early enough In the spring to get a good start. However, we have seen mahy fine beds of spring-grown spinach. i A catalpa grove will yield its first crop in about-ten years, when each tree should produce one first-class post, one second-class post and two or three stays. From the small and crocked limbs con siderable firewood is secured. Costly houses for the poultry are not essential, but they should be warm, dry and free from drafts. Big farms are all right for those tvho are equipped to handle them properly, but they are not desirable for people who have not capital enough to hire plenty of help and organize in a businesslike way to secure good results. Success in bee keeping, as in most other things, depends upon the man. Some idea of the value of farm laijds in the middle west may be had from the recent sale of the 408 acres of Bowling Green, Ohio, for $62,000.