About Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920 | View Entire Issue (July 11, 1911)
4 THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL ATUUTTA. GA. « MOB TH FORSYTH ST. Bartered at the Atlanta Poetofffce M Mat! Matter of tbe Sx*ood Class- Z JAMES ~8. GRAT, President and Sdttor. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE Tw*<»e months TS<- Btx months Tbree bmIM ** Tbe S«»l-W M k1 T J.mrnal to published on * Tbe*.!*? and Friday. and ia matted b> tbe abort ■ eat roatea far early delivery. It eoprsfns ®ew> from all arar the world broarbt by special leased wtraa Into oar otfe». It haa a rtntf it dietingusbed contributor*. r , wtth atronc departments at special rain* to tbe borne ami tbe farm. E Age cfs wanted at every poetofnce. Libera' rontmleakm allowed. Outfit free. Write tu F. R. Randolph. Clreelatios Manager. Tbe only travel lag rerreaeatatlrea we bare are J. A. Bryan. B. F. Mtoa. C. C. Coyle and M. B. Gilreath. We will be responsible only I for money paid to tbe above named trarahng ■ representative*. » NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Tbe label used for address!ng yon’ paper shows tbe time yoor »übarrtptl<m . . expires. By renewing at least two weeks before tbe data on tbs label, yea Insure regular errlce. In ordering paper rbanged. be sure to mention your old. as well as your new. address If on a rural routs, please give tbe route number. Wo ran not enter subscriptions to be gin with bank numbers. Remittance should be sent by postal order or regis tered ma!L department to THE MJMI-WBBKLY JOURNAL. Atlanta. Go. Address all orders and notices for this What about the cam pal gn against tha | boll wssvil? Indications are that tha prune crop this I year will also be a good one. Georgia's per capita of candidates of various kinds continues to increase. We would also point out that the open season for red bugs la still in full blast. The legislature has gone on record for ’ world peace; now let congress follow suit. In Savannah they have a “champagne fiend." Savannah is nothing if not distinctive What are you kicking about? You I Mven't heard Mr. Fairbanks kick about the beat Florida is boasting over having had no heat prostrations, but whag about mosquitoes? The legislature continues to pass new Mils for the later Interpretation of the . supreme court Duly thankful are we for lowek- tem- I perature, and may we continue to have cause for thanks. Dog days will soon be here—dog days and the 40 days of rain or drouth, as ‘ the case may be. - r Every day there comes evidence that the commission form of government is inevitable for this city. I "Sweet potato crop will break rec ords." Better a crop record broken than L nearly any other record. Atlanta's pension roll will be 100.000 In ten years, according to the mayor—or | almost as bad as the G- A. R. The Rio Grande river Is In flood, but then Texas has been pretty quiet since hostilities ceased across the border.. Mr. Stokes, of New York, must regret | by now that his advlee to the two girls • was not verbal. Instead of written. Market prices are down, but automo biles. champagne and other necessities are still at the same old high levels. "Pittsburg elubs refuse to sell drinks after 1 a. m.” Awful hardship. • This is an eight-hour night with a vengeance Champ Clark may be losing SI,OOO a week from the Chautauqua platform, but if he weren’t speaker of the house he couldn't. Why shhuld congressmen kick about the length of the extra session? Think . of being able to run up to Atlantic City every Sunday. New tbe Japanese are reported to be going after a portion of our cotton erop. There can be no objection to this. Ja | pan’s money Is good, whatever her war intentions. "t c : Witnesses in Dawson say they can drink near beer without intoxication. This may sound boastful, but there probably are people who can. It is quite true, as the New York Even ing Telegram remarks, that nobody has yet succeeded in handing J. Pierpont Morgan the double cross. 77je International Highway I I V i > I K J ' ~\ | <> c y 1 TMs Journal-New York Herald high jrfty that now extends from Jacksonville \ to New York city, is to be continued Jfccros s the Canadian boundary to Mon- Kfcraal. The legislature of New York state Hkas recently appropriated one and a half dollars for the construction of a road from the metropolis to Hltouses Point on the Dominion border the work will be continued by Vth* Canadian government to Montreal. ■ Thus will the national highway, the ■ father of good roads, become Intema ■ clonal. GEORGIA'S NATURAL TREASURES. Georgia is entering the most constructive era of her history. To develop and conserve the state’s natural resources are the sovereign need and purpose of the time. The people have awakened to the vast treasure stored in their streams and forests and fields, and have realized that these must be duly protected if they are to be duly enjoyed. It is well, therefore, that public thought should be embodied into law and made a definite policy of the state government. Just this is the design of the conservation bill which has been introduced in the senate, a measure that is eminently practical and opportune. It provides for the establishment of a state depart ment of conservation, consisting of a board made up of the gover nor, the commissioner of agriculture, the state entomologist and the state geologist and also of a commissioner of conservation wttom this board shall select. The work of this department will be at once protective and educational. For one thing, and that a vitally important one, it will see to the rigid enforcement of laws relative to birds and game of fevery kind. It will supervise the state’s forests and streams, safeguard ing them against fires and destruction on the one hand, and against pollution and reckless waste on the other. It will investigate the extent and area of public lands lying along the coast of the state, including the state’s marine oyster beds, with a view to their de velopment. From time to time, it will issue bulletins, showing the importance of protecting forests, particularly those about the head waters of streams, and tbe disastrous effect upon soils when such precautions are ignored. Such a department as this will be of direct and far-reaching service to Georgia’s agricultural and industrial interests. It will provide an effective instrument for carrying out a policy in which everyone believes, but which must be given definite application, in order to produce practical results. Especially useful will be the work of such a commission in protecting birds and game. Under existing conditions the state is fast being stripped of birds that are worth thousands and perhaps millions of dollars to the farm as insect destroyers. The true sportsmen of the state have repeatedly urged the passage of ade quate game laws. No one understands more thoroughly than they that unless protective measures are taken promptly many of the most valuable species of birds will become extinct in Georgia. The conservation bill provides for a thorough system of game wardens in each county and for other administrative machinery* that will make the statutes pertaining to this matter truly effec tive. Under the provisions of this bill, no additional expense will be entailed upon the treasury. Indeed, the proposed department will take nothing from the state’s general income, but at the same time it will contribute to the public welfare benefits that will be worth millions of dollars. NATIONAL AID FOR GOOD ROADS. United States Senator Swanson, of Virginia, has introduced a bill calling for the annual appropriation of twenty million dollars during a 1 term of five years for the improvement of post roads and rural delivery routes. * This measure, if adopted, will establish what has been long and sorely needed—a national policy of highway development. This is a vital issue to which the federal government has thus far been singularly apathetic. Though many of the states, perhaps a great majority of them, are devoting much time rfnd money to road building, the nation itself has held virtually aloof from this important field of public endeavor. Any yet there is no duty which is more peculiarly national in character than that of road building. The need and the value of good roads apply to all the people of the United States in com mon; and in order that the individual states may accomplish what each of them desires and deserves it is necessary that the national government link together these separate activities into one co-op erative undertaking. Only thus can a nation-wide system of high ways be created. „ v Senator Swanson declares that his plan would open mpre thrin a million miles of roads to government aid. Under the terms of his bill the state would furnish an amount equal to that contribut ed in each instance by the federal government, just as watpr power find swamp land surveys are now conducted. Thus within the next five years something like two hundred million dollars would be spent on the improvement of public roads throughout the union. It has been estimated that nine-tenths of the highways of this country are impassable during rainy seasons. Yet, ninety per cent of our internal commerce, it is said, must first or last be hauled over the public roads. Senator Swanson reckons conservatively when he declares that if these impassable routes were put in good condition the agricultural and industrial interests of the country would be saved more than twenty-three million' dollars annually. The fact that such a bill has been introduced in the senate in dicates the importance with which road building is now viewed. It is to be hoped that the measure will become effective, and, fur thermore, that it will stimulate the state governments to follow this enlightened policy. i FOR THE GOOD OF ALL GEORGIA. A timely and progressive movement has been organized to present a display of Georgia’s manifold products at the United States Land and Irrigation exposition, which is to be held next winter at Chicago. A more fruitful enterprise could not well be conceived. It merits the hearty support of every community in the state, for it bears vitally and directly upon their common in terests. This exposition is the greatest undertaking of its kind in American history. It will exhibit the richness and variety of the nation’s natural resources, particularly those of the south and the west. It is estimated, conservatively, that half a million Ameri cans will be in attendance between the day of its opening, No vember 18 and its close December 9. Never before, perhaps, has Georgia had such an opportunity of presenting her inducements to capital and to home seekers. At this exposition she will have the eyes and ears of the class of people she must reach if her natural wealth is to be developed as broadly and rapidly as it should be. Many other southern states have already contracted for space at the exposition and are now busily gathering material for their exhibits. These include Alabama, Florida, South Carolina, Mis sissippi, Louisiana and Virginia. Georgia cannot afford to lag in this procession. In order to get the movement definitely under way, “The Georgia Exhibit Association” has been formed, with branches in each of the eleven congressional districts. Its officers and com mittees include the present governor and his predecessor, together with scores of the state’s foremost citizens. Approximately ten' thousand dollars will be required to give Georgia an adequate ex hibit at the Chicago exposition. The towns and cities of the state are called upon to raise this amount either through their boards of trade and chambers of commerce or by individual subscrip tions. It is estimated that twenty thousand citizens at fifty cents per capita can easily supply the fund. Every community should join earnestly and promptly in this splendid enterprise that means so much for the progress and en richment of the commonwealth. __ THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1911. NIP THIS EVIL IN TIME • bV BISHOF W. A. CANDLEB In the South there are more church members and a better observance of the Sabbath than in any other section of our country. If, indeed, it may not be said that our section excels any other part of the world in these things. We owe it to ourselves, *to our ancestors who ft&ve us these things, and to the world which needs like blessings in all lands, that we maintain the good which is characteristic of us. Certainly we should not become worse than we have been, if we can not be better. But there is a sjy movement on foot to rob us of our Sabbbath- It proposes at first to have Sunday games of ball and moving-picture shows opened on the sacred day, Sunday concerts having al ready been secured without special pro test upon the part of the churches and those who are concerned for religious things. Later it will call for other forms of Sabbath desecration. The movement has gone far enough, and it should be arrested without delay before it runs to a greater excess of riot. “The Gideons,” an organization of godly travelling men, are very wise ly resisting the Introduction of ball games on Sunday, and the preachers have spoken strongly against both the games of ball and the picture shows on the Sabbath. These good men, both clerical and lay, should press their op position to these evils with all zeal. It is not enough to pass resolutions in op position to them: the most vigorous war fare should be waged against them. They are backed and defended by men who will be active In their efforts to secure them, and it will require equal activity upon the part of all who oppose them to defeat what is proposed. ready tne cities of Montgomery and Mobile have been captured by the enemies of the Sabbath. They will try to accomplish the same results in all our cities. Once base-ball and picture shows are allowed, other violations 01 the Subbath will be demanded, and every added pro fanation of the day will be invoked as a precede... .or me Introduction o. some thing worse. In the end not a vestige of Sabbath observance will be left in the South. Tne Sunday concerts (mis called sacred concerts”) are made the basis for arguments for allowing Sun day ball-games and picture shows, and from this fact we may easily preoict how rapidly will be bro’ught in far worse things unless the «'-• —> arrested now. There is no earthly justification for any of these invasions of the Sabbath. The stock plea made for them to the effect that they are needed by "working men,” who can not get any recreation during the week, is the merest and shal lowest pretence. The demand for such evils comes from Idlers, whose lives are given up to amusement and indolence, not from the men of toll and industry. The working men know very wen, or it they do not know it they should know it, that when Sunday sports have bro ken down the Sabbath they will >e forced to give seven days labour fqr the wages of six. .-bove all men in v our section, wage-earners have most to lose in the ovei -hrow of the Sabbath and most to gain in its maintenance. But all classes are interested. Few will be found to deny that it is necessary to have religion in the land, and it is too clear for argument or doubt that religion can not survive without a day of wor ship severely hedged about against the intrusion of secular things into its sacred hours. In all those lands where the Sab bath has been given up to amusements, and turned from a holy day into a holi day, religion is languishing and ready to die. Years ago Dr. J. G. Holland, while editing Scribner’s Magazine, wrote upon this matter after extensive observation of the effect of what is sometimes called the "Continental Sabbath”. He said among other things: - "The most religious and earnest of the Catholic clergy of Europe lament ttife fact that the Sunday of their church and their several coun tries is a day of amusement. They see, and they publicly acknowledge, that without the English and American Sun day they work for the spiritual benefit of their people at a sad disadvantage. It is this European Sunday, which we are told is to come to America at last through her foreign population. We hope not. We would like to ask those who would rejoice in its advent, how much it has done for the countries where It ex ists”. Unfortunately what Dr. Holland hoped would not come to our country has come to many of the cities of the North. For eigners coming out of Sabbathless lands, have over-ridden, the Sabbath in New York, Clflcago, Cincinnati, and other cities in the North and West. Now the tide of immigration has turned South ward, and the same result will follow in our section, if our people do not rise up promptly and give all parties to under stand that we will not have any such things. Now we can nip the evil in the bud, but if we d,elay, it will soon become exceedingly hard to overcome. THE INTERNATIONAL HIGHWAY. The Jonrnal-Herald national highway that now binds New York to Jacksonville is soon to be made international. In this giant chain of good roads there is to be forged still another link, extending across the Canadian border to Montreal. This announcement becomes possible through the action of the New York legislature in appropriating one and a half million dol lars for the construction of a highway from New York city* to Rouses Point, on the Dominion boundary. Thence the long road will be developed by Canada on to-Montreal. Governor Dix has signed the bill providing for this appropriation and in the imme diate future tne work of construction will begin. Three years ago The Journal and the New York Herald un dertook the establishment of a highway from New York to At lanta. The splendid success that crowned this effort is familiar history, and is witnessed today by hundreds of miles of smooth, well posted and durable roads. A few months ago, in response to numerous and insistent appeals, these two newspapers launched a irtovement to extend the national highway to Jacksonville. This effort met with equal success, so that today an unbroken stretch of good roads joins the north to the south. The chief value of work of this character lies in the fact that it is continually progressive. The Broadway-to-Whitehall highway led naturally to the Florida extension. This is now to be followed by the extension to Montreal, and thus will be consummated the greatest achievement in the history of modern road building. It is expected that the highway to Montreal will be completed within two years. By that time we shall be enjoying the fruits of Canadian reciprocity, and the anniversary of one hundred years of peace between the English-speaking people will be at hand. A happier commemoration of this event could not be conceived than the opening of the international highway. VICTIM OF ELECTRIC CHAIR ALMOST BRINGS DEATH TO JAIL PHYSICIAN (By Auociated Fre**.) EDDYVILLB, Ky., July B.—When the first execution under the new law pro viding for electrocution in place of hang ing took place in the state penitentiary here today, it came near ending in the death of tw’o persons Instead of one. Prison Physician R. H. Moss stepped for ward to feel the pulse of the negro, who formed the first subject, before the cur rent had been turned off, and barely Men in our cities, who are apologists for the evil, are deceiving themselves by en tertaining the notion that in standing for it they are only resisting an outworn and useless piece of Puritanism. They are undermining the foundatiori of faith and uprooting piety. Whether they be lieve it or not, they are fighting the cause of all religion, and they are array ing themselves with the forces of all un godliness. They are helping to lead mul titudes away from public worship, and from all those inspirations and instruc tions of the house of God which minister to godly living and ordinary morality. In the end they are preparing for their children a religionless country and for themselves the most unutterable and un availing regrets. Our country people are interested in this matter, and to them we must look for much help in the good fight of faith for the maintenance of the Sabath. Their sons and daughters come to the cities to live and engage in commerce. The pro cess of transplanting a young life from the wholesome atmosphere of rural scenes to the blighting influences of ur ban surroundings is always dangerous, however carefully its perils may be guarded against; but if the Sabbath be overthrown in the cities it will be fatal to piety in almost every instance. For the sake of their children, who have come into the cities or who may come into the cities, our country people should make themselves heard in opposition to the overthrow pf the Sabbath which is threatened. Moreover, evils in the city are more quickly now than ever com municated to the country. If games of ball are allowed in the cities, very soon rowdy elements will go out from the cities and combine with the same sort of evil-doers in the country to inflict on rural communities the same evil. The automobile and the motor-cycle will make their coming and going easy’. Away from the eye of police they will not stop with ■the violation of the Sabbath, but will set at nought all other right things, and will commit all sefrts of evil deeds. Most of our people in the country are church going people, and they wish the contin uance of the Sabbath handed down to us by our fathers; but they must now bestir themselves, or they will lose this priceless heritage, which when lost can never be recovered. There is a phase of this subject which the good people in both town and coun try should not over-look. It is this: We have state laws against these evils, and city authorities are not competent to nullify a state law. With reference to many things this seems to have been forgotten. Police-commissioners, city councils, mayors, and other like authori ties can not license crimes against state laws within the municipalities under their control, and when they attempt it they should be caused to know their place by the most vigorous application of state law. There ought to be good citizens enough in any county in Geor gia,—including the urban counties that assume to nullify statutes of the com monwealth,—to have any transgressor of our Sabbath laws arrested and prose cuted. If some cities continue their defiance of the laws of the state, It may be come necessary to ask the legislature to' enact laws whereby their charters may be repealed or suspended, and their government put in the hands of commis sioners who will see that the authority of the state is respected within their limits. Nullification by city is a new and dangerous form of anarchy that must be throttled. No city in Georgia is wiser and better than the whole com monwealth, and any of them can be spared rather than allow the statutes of the state to be defied with supercil ious, urban contempt. For the protection of the Sabbath qf our fathers already we have good laws. It may be doubted it another statute is needed. But it is time to enforce these laws. Buying and selling, gaming and rioting, are already unlawful in Geor gia. What is needed is the rigid en forcement of the laws against these dis orders. Before we can get these and many other good laws enforced it may be necessary to enact some further stat utes to the end that corrupt juries may be avoided. “The professional juror” lynches the law every time he goes in the jury box, if sufficient consideration appears in view to him. It is time to get rid of him. He should be excluded from jury service and denied the right to vote; for why should a perjured an archist, who swears to support law only that he may secure the opportunity to subvert law, be allowed any part or voice in choosing men to make laws. Clear out the professional jurors, and, if possible, put to work on the public roads the starving shysters, who for small fees conspire with law-breakers to corrupt the fountains of Justice. Then our Sabbath laws and all other statutes will be effective for the ends which they were designed to secure. missed having several thousand volts pass his body. A warning ‘ yell from the penitentiary electrician did not deter the doctor, who, misunderstanding the caution, still ad vanced, when a second warning had to te given before he understood. The negro, James Bucker, paid the death penalty for the murder of a police man at Lebanon. Ky., several weeks ago. The report on the first electrocution de clares it to* have been a success, except for the slight burning of tbe negro's head. FLIES THAT ANNOY THE COWS Mid-summer is known as “fly time” i habit of settling in great numbers about in the dairyman’s calendar. The mark- i the base of a horn, which they some ed falling off in the milk flow of the 1 times completely cover, a habit which dairy cows at this season of the year gives them their common name. They is looked upon as unavoidable, and is confine their attention to cattle. They attributed by many to the worry of the burrow in the hair about the shoulder, stqck by flies. The failure to provide an the roots of the tall, and other portions abundance of succulent forage to supple- of the body where they are not easily ment the parched pastures seems a tri- dislodged. The injury done by the horn fling contributory cause of the lessen- fly is by stinging, much like the ing mills secretion, compared with the to. By means of a fine lancet they pierce activity of the pesky, übiquitous fly, es- the skin, and suck the blood through pecially at milking time. the tube or sheath. A small amounut of The flies that are most numerous about irritating saliva is secreted in the oper- N cattle are known by their common names ation. which causes congestion around of the stable fly and the horn fly. the wound and probably more pain than The stable fly resembles the house fly the piercing. They appear In swarms, very much in appearance, but differs in and feed with the wings spread. The eggs having the mouth parts fitted for piercing are placed in the fresh droppings of the .the skin and sucking the blood of ani- cow, and the larvae can exist in the mala. , The eggs of the stable fly are soft almost liquid manure. usually laid in horse manure, the female Some individual animals suffer more laying from 125 to 150 in a season. The than others, and dark colored animals period of development from egg to adult more than light colored. These flies fol fly is about 15 days. low cattle to the barn at night and re- The horn fly is a new pest, and was main with them all the time. first noticed in this country about 1886. Various remedies have been suggest- * The first appearance of this fly was ed by good authorities. the cause of considerable alarm among. Destruction of larvae in the droppings the cattle men, and the experiment sta- by application of lime or the immediate tions of the various states were appealed spreading and drying of the same, to for Information in regard to origin Application of tobacco powder to de and life history of this insect and for stroy the flies. suggestions as to agencies for repelling Application of one of the following re pellants: Ten to 15 per cent kerosene in The horn fly is a small, grey fly, very water., much like the house fly, but smaller. Fish oil with smaU mixture of carbolic measuring about three-sixteenths of an acid. Cotton seed oil, two parte and inch in length. They have the strange pine tar one part. THE COST OF At present the horse is practically the entire motive power of the farm. In combination with Improved farm ma chinery, the horse has, to a great ex tent, replaced human labor. And the modern farm deplends as much upon the efficiency of the horse that is kept to perform the labor as it does upon the use of the human labor upon the farm. In fact, the efficiency of human labor upon the farm, and In many instances the proper operation of the farm, de pends entirely upon the farm horse. We may readily understand, therefore, that the farm horse is often the greatest single factor in the success of the farm ing operations. It is essential, then, that the farm horse be so cared for, and the farm so organized, that a maximum return on the horse's labor can be se cured annually. It is true that horse owners generally are not accustomed to look upon the horses of the farm, or their labor, as costing anything. The horse has been considered so much of a necessity, and so much a part of the farm, that the question of the cost of the horse labot to the farm, or of the methods by which such cost may be decreased, has —J '■ —■ We are apt to neglect the hens during the late summer months. It is a sad mistake for a man to make a good crop of grass into poor hay. Work becomes drudgery > fail to put our heart int</ it. It is the evetß ateady thrift of our stock that makes them pay a profit. Clover is a more .efficient sub-soiler than the best subsoil* plow. Ducks kept on land must be supplied with fresh water three times a day. Your heifer when just coming in has a very tender udder. Do not forget this and ruin a good cow. Fine gravel is not the proper grit for poultry. They want a sharp material with which to grind their feed. Charcoal pounded fine and kept in the drinking pans will keep the young and old birds in good condition. We can kill weeds by spraying but they will not stay dead without rotation, mowing and pasturage of tne land. It is no sign that a hen is* hungry just because she runs with outspread wings whenever called. A hen never knows when she has enough. Locate the low spots and water chan nels in your field this summer and see that they are properly drained before next spring. Berkley county, W. Va., produced 100.- 000 barrels of apples last year and the entire crop was sold In the orchard to buyers at from $3 to >5 per barret The farmer who wants good colts should select his best brade mares and creed them always to one good type ot horse. The National Assembly of Panama City, has voted 5100,000 in aid of the proposed world’s fair to be held in that city in 1916. Tobacco was Introduced into England from America by Raleigh in 1586, and wheat, barley and oats were introduced Into the United States in 1607 Clubs for farm boys and girls to stim ulate Interest in improved methods of agriculture and better living condtlons on the farm now have a total member ship of 144,000 in the United States. The Japanese government sent to Pres ident Taft 2,000 cherry trees for use in the national capitol grounds, but they were found to be infected with diseases and all had to be destroyed. If the hens are expected to lay heavily during the winter they must be cared for every month of the year and fed more heavily as the fall months come on. At seven weeks of age the ducklings should be fattened for market and fed only three ti.nes a day. A good fatten ingfood is three-fourths meal .one fourtn flour and 15 per cent beef scraps, and all the green food they can eat once a day. Ninety head of Jersey cows at Kirks ville, Mo., sold at an average of 5170 per head, one cow alone bringing $760. A local paper thinks the time is coming whtn butter will sell for $1 per pound and good milk cows at SI,OOO each. A young woman 20 years old, manages a frog farm in Alameda county, Callfor fornia. It consists of two acres of swajnpy land, but produces a fine profit as she sells all the frogs she can raise at from $2 to $3 per dozen. A citizen 1 of Sheffield, Mass., owns the oldest churn in country. It was made during the war of 1812 Tor tne purpose of churning goat's milk on ship board. It has two small barrels or wood In which plungers are operated by a sort of walking beam. HORSE LABOR been very largely neglected. The/ques tion of economy of power on the farm is only brought up at those times when consideration Is being given to soma o«n- > er form of motive |>ower than the horse, i It is a question, though, that—with ii»- i creasing cost of feed, of care, and larger > investment in horses—will constantly be come of greater and greater import- ■ ance. i The cost of horse labor depends upon. i • many conditions that vary on each i farm, so that costs are not siml ar on different farms. However, the items : that make up cost are similar on all farms, and only vary in amount. It is , essential, then, that the farm operator have an accurate knowledge of what i comprises cost, and what average costs are. that he may institute such econo mies in his management as seem desir ’ able. Carefully-kept records and ac i counts with the farm hwse, show that i the average cost of horse labor on the i farm is about 8 1-2 cents per hour. The I rate seldom averages less, and generally i runs higher. This means that the ac- ■ tual cost, on the farm, of a horse's r labor for a 10-hour day, is 85 cerits./or i 51.70 for a team.—Thomas P. Cooper. ■' 11 J " . A grouch is always the child of self- j ishness and ought to die before it Is born. i A milk can washed in pointed water from the farm well may carry disease to thousands. ■ Never drive a horse with so loose a rein that you can not Instantly com mand the situation if necessary. . Anything that is worth doing at all is worth doing well. This applies to every branch of farming. 1 Leave ten feet of space at each end, of the garden for turning rows and seed • these spaces to grass for wide end walks. , 1 Florida and California orange* were exported last year to the extent of 962,- 229 boxes, worth $2,445,559. 1 The machinery men just naturally love a lazy farmer who houses his binder in a fence corner and leaves hit plow ! standing In the ground. The wise farmer will not lease his land for less period than five years and it is a foolish tenant who will accept a short time lease. This is the time to settle all dlfdcultfes between owner and tenant, not at the end ’ of a law suit. Make written contract. The milk-fed chicken is never allowed to put on any frills in regard to its ap petite. It is forcibly fed through a rub ' ber tube. _______ When you cut the oats next spring get Into them before they are dead ripe, stack the straw carefully and feed it to the sheep next winter. Eight hundred miles of Improved roads are to be undertaken by the Southern Appalachian Good Roads association Os these 300 miles are to be in North Caro lina. A narrow border of flowers, shrubs or vines may be placed along the spaces next to the fence and the scheme will enhance the beauty of the garden. Plant plenty of sweet corn. It is a • wholesome food and the surplus, stalks, and all is the very finest food for cows and horses. Plant a succession of beans, sweet corn, radishes, lettuce and all other quick-maturing vegetables so that they <■ may be had for use at all times. To make strong egg shells the hen must have a plentiful supply of mineral matter, such as crushed oyster shells, ground bone and clover. Make continual war on the lice if your poultry house is infested with them. If free from them, see to it that your premises are kept free Montana has 20.000,000 acres of good farm land unoccupied and much of this which has been used for stock ranges is being cut up into small farmt. A woman of Dayton, ‘Wash., cleared $9,330 last year from ten acres of on ions. Her crop yielded about 1,000 sacks per acre and all were sold to a New York firm. The garden soil is to expensive mate rial to lie idle for half the growing sea son when it is capable of producing large crops through all the grovdng sea son. V Alfalfa is not a pasture plant. It will not stand pasturing very well, and cat tle and sheep bloat very easily on it. It is, however, an ideal pasture for hogs. It will likely Last two or three years under such treatment. The cause of mortality among young ducks may be traced to overheat, damp ness, getting wet. lack of grit, gray head lice, sudden showers, delayed hatches, exposure to sun, lack of frest water, drinking vessels too shallow, breeding stock out of condition.
