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than a
bale per acre |
f That was the rate of yield from Alabama soil top
* dressed, at the rate of 100 pounds per acre, with
Nitrate of Soda I
It matures cotton before the boll weevil affects it. In drought 8
it keeps the plant from shedding its bolls. Send a post card for K
Free Book on the Cultivation of Cotton
which I hare prepared, bearing etpecially on fertilization of cotton and con
trol of the boll weevil; tella how to grow big crop. at little cost.
Nitrate VE -y*/ ~ No Branch K
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PSw<
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.Qy Education .i-Ufa.
Successful Farming aU.
Jj Andrew
TMa department will cnwrtuUj eadeavor to furnl.h uay lutonnstion.
t?tten should he addressed to St*. Andrew M. Soule, president State agri*
ealtunl CoUefe. Athens. Gw.
.PROLIFIC VARIETIES OF CORN
There are two classes of, corn which
may be grown with more or less suc
cess throughout the south. These are
distinguished In a general way as the
prolific and non-prolific. These names
describe fairly well the two classes
which they are Intended to represent.
The prolific type of corn is not so large
in sine of stalk or ear as the non-pro
lific. The type, however, produces sev
eral ears to the stalk, the number
varying from two to eight or ten, but
the average number of ears will not
fall below two, and there will'often be
from three to five per stalk Os
course, the character of the soil on
which the crop is planted, the season,
the method of fertilisation and culti
vation followed will all»have an influ
ence in* determining the number of
ears. The prolific varieties are char
acterized by small ears and a small
cob; some have white cobs and other
red cobs. There is Tittle to choose be
tween tire different varieties on account
of the color of the cob, if their other
qualities are satisfactory. The pro
lific type of corn is rather flinty and
hard, and on this account probably re
sists 'the Inroads of the weevil to bet
ter advantage than the larger-eared,
larger-grained and softer varieties.
Prolific varieties of corn have a wide
adaptability, and are grown extensively
throughout the south. They give their
beat results undoubtedly on upland
•oils. In fact, they will outyield big
eared sorts on this type of land in a
great majority of cases. A long and
varied experience in testing varieties
of- com and their cultivation under
widely different climatic conditions
leads to the conclusion that prolific va
rieties are better adapted ~for cultiva
tion on upland sorts throughout the
south than the larger-eared sorts.
Some have urged objection to prolific
varieties on account of the hardness of
the grain, but this is a provision of na
ture to aid in weevil resistance, and is
a characte’lrtte to be sought rather
than elimir> '• i For old animals its
masticaticn ty be somewhat difficult.
In this case the com may be ground,
and in fart with com at $1 a bushel, it
will frequently be economy and good
practice on the part of the farmer to
grind com. cob, shuck and all. and mix
with cotton seed meal, oats and other
by-products suitable for the nutrition
of horses and mules or beef and dairy
cattle. A com crop may be made to
go much further where this practice
1- pursued, and better returns secured
from our live stock at a minimum
expenditure of energy than where the
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The best automobiles in the world are sold for their list
g price, not a penny less. They are worth it. But the lame ducks,
A the second rates, the nondescript and assembled automobiles
W ; are in the public market looking for the highest bidder. Look
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Cut price deals are frauds.
a But if you want a car of one price to all and worth every
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Flanders “20,” SBOO. You can tnast them. You get all that
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com is fed singly and as the exclusive
concentrate as is now so generally
practiced. There is no real objection
to using a prolific corn on account of
its hardness, but instead this quality
should be increased by selection and
judicious breeding.
There are many who. seem to believe
that a single large car per sta k will
result in a large yield per acre than
where several small ears are obtained
from each plant. In this they are mis
taken. as the carefully compiled records
of the several experiment stations will
show. Larjre eaned varieties of corn are
not only softer, as already mentioned
but they only produce well on soil which
is much richer thin that satisfactory
for the growth of prolific varieties, and
the per cent of cob to grain is greater,
and the size of stalk larger. Enough
fodder will always be secured from the
prolific varieties to meet the require
ments of the average farmer, and there
is nothing to be gained from growing
an unusually large stalk which of ne
cessity extracts more fertility from the
soil than a medium sized stalk. If one
had very rich bottom lands or excep
tionally rich uplands such as black prai
rie or swamp lands which have been
drained may,provide. it is probable that
they may find it desirable to grow some
of the large-eared varieites. In the
absence of these conditions, however, the
prolific varieties should be chosen for
seed. T|ie small sized stalk of the pro
lific varieties and the relative abund
ance of leaves desirable qualities
since the stalk may be shredded in its
entirety and will provide an excellent
quality of stover in there is not
likely to be so much refuse or waste as
with' the large stalked varieties.
Where prolific varieties are grown on
very rich soil, the tendency to stooling
is often parked, arid there has been
some objection riased to their cultiva
tion on this account.. As a matter of
fact, the tendency to stooling is probably
the result of not planting the corn thick
enough. Even a large eared variety
planted on rjver bottoms at too wide a
distance will tend to do the same thing.
Everyone knows that where oats are
planted rather thinly on, the ground the
tendency is (or the plants to stool more
freely and to yield much better in pro
portion considering the stand than might
ordinarily be expected. The distance of
planting of prolific varieties on upland
soils must be determined by their rela
tive fertility. Very thick planting is to
be deplored, for there will not be a
sufficient amount of moisture or food
in the soil to mature the crop. Wide
planting Is equally to be deplored as it
THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., MAY 17, 1912.
PIES' EHRS MO SPLEENS
ARE MADE INTO SUE
Mrs. C. B. Crane's Meat In
vestigation Promises to
Bring Many Sensations
(By Associate,l Pre.*.>
WASHINGTON, May 14.—Plenty of
sensation has been promised this week
during the house committee inquiry
into the federal meat inspection law.
Mrs. Charlotte Bartlett Cranes asser
tions that the inspection act is con
tinually being violated will be taken
up by other witnesses.
Nelson outlined to
day some of the things he says will
be proved this week. This is his pro
gram: »
That a quantity of meat, so soft that
when an inspector pressed it with his
fingers they sank into the body of the
meat, was passed and sold for human
food. The meat, in the blunt words of
the inspector, was ‘‘rotten." This oc
curred in a Philadelphia packing house.
That several emaciated steers which
had died in pens from exhaustion were
dragged to the cutting room and after
being bled, were passed as food. The
inspector in charge told his subor
dinates. whose attention had originally
been called to the dead animals, "that
they had bled properly and there was
no reason why they snould not be
passed. This occurred in a Chicago
packing establishment.
That stomachs and spleens of hogs,
besides snouts, ears and palates were
passed as sausage meat. This rbling
was made final after several condition
al rulings by the bureau of animal in
dustry. and is now in effect.
That carcases of steers, hogs and
sheep were persistently washed in
water dangerously polluted with ty
phoid germs, despite efforts of the in
spectors to put a stop to the practice.
This occurred in Cumberland, Md. ’
will result in the production of a large
number of suckers which will hardly ma
ture ears of satisfactory size or quality.
Suckers are objectionable in the corn
field because they tend to take away the
strength of the main plant, and may
often result in the development of a
large amount of cob and a relatively low
per cent of grain.
There is no one best variety of pro
lific corn, though there are a large
number on the market. A’o doubt they
all had more or less of a Common origin.
The chances are that climatic and soil
conditions have had much to do with
the production of this type of corn. This
statement is not calculated to throw dis
credit on the men who have endeavored
to improve these varieties by systemat
ized effort. Far from it. On the other
hand, there is something about the south
ern climate, probably the amount of
sunshine and light and the length of the
growing season which tends to change
the character and size of stalk and the
type of ear as compared wit hthat pro
duced in the middle west. Some will say
that the difference in soil fertility is
alone responsible, but this cannot account
for all the variation observed. Os the pro
lific sorts tested at the College of Ag
riculture, the following have been found
quite satisfactory and have made good
yields. These are probably among the
best established of the varieties widely
sold as seed at the present time. Other
varities will b* tested as opportuntiy af
fords, and if they show qualities supe
rior to those mentioned, credit will gladly
be given the originator for the success
attending his efforts.
• * •
Whatley’s Prolific for three years
past has made an average yield of
68.18 bushels per acre. Vinson’s has
only been tested for two years, but has
made an average yield for that period
of 62.07 bushels. Marlboro Prolific
has made an average yield of 58.59
bushels 'for three years. Cocke's Pro
lific tested for three years has made
an average yield of 51.03 bushels.
Butt’s Prolific, tested for the first time
in 1911, made a yield of 43.32 bushels.
The length of time the varieties have
been under test and the localfiy where
they are produced are factors to be
considered in choosing one for planting.
It has now been clearly established that
a variety of corn produced in a givan
environment is more likely to prove
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satisfactory when cultivated there than
a variety which inay have made a bet
ter performance record in a distant lo
cation. Plants and animals are subject
tc changes and adaptation to eniron
mental conditions and the farmer
should choose that variety of corn
which is a uniform and valuable per
former in the immediate section ,where
he expects to plant it. It is important
to remember that there may be a dozen
different strains of a given variety
which vary widely in their ability to
yield well under a given set of condi
tions. One should not necessarily con
clude that a certain variety is undesir
able because of an unfortunate experi
ence had with a strain produced proba
bly under unfavorable conditions. Every
farmer buying seed this year should do
so with discrimination and care, as
there is much poor seed on the market
from what wc .ave been able to gath
er. Test the seed before planting so as
to obtain as nearly as possible a per
fect stand.
* •,i •
SUDDEN DRYING UP OF A COW.
W. H. R., Cotton, Ga., writes: 1
would like to know what is the matter
wlh my cow. She has a calf about 6
or 7 months old and has been giving
about a gallon and a half of milk yer
day, but now she does not give over
a teacupful. She is so poor that she
cannot hardly walk!"? Have given net
cotton seed meal and hulls. Would like
tc know what to do for her.
One of several things may be affect
ing your cow, and, of course, it is diffi
cult to say which one is the cause of
the present trouble without a personal
examination. The sudden falling off in
milk flow may be due t 6 the excessive
■or continued use of one kind of food.
Indigestion may be another cause. It
is possible that the animal may be af
fected by some disease, such as tuber
culosis, though this is not as commonly
met with in Georgia aS in many other
states. The first tiling to do is to
give a x good purgative, say of Epsom
salts; then use a tonic for a few days
than which there is nothing better than
Jamaica jinger in one ounce doses for
two or three days. Feed rather spar
ingly and give a laxative diet such as
bran mashes. Put your cow out on
pasture and supply her with green feci.
Reduce the amount of cotton seed meal
to two pounds per day. and cut tiie
hulls out altogether while the pasture
remains good. If this does not result
in restoring the milk {low the trouble
is due to some other cause. If the cow
continues thin and poor and is troubled
with a cough then you have a right to
suspect that she is affected with tuber
culosis. In that case she should be
slaughtered and the quarters thorough
ly disinfected. The calf may often re
main fat when the cow has this trouble.
Sometimes permitting the calf to
suck the cow causes her to dry up be
cause the calf does not take all the
milk, and, of course, the milk-givi.ig
function is due altogether to stimula
tion. You should, therefore, milk ih«»
cow thoroughly and' with regularity.
One often meets with cows which dry
up at the end of the seventh to Ninth
month, and you may have an animal in
which the lactation period is unusually
short. If this is the trouble It is de
pendent altogether on individuality, and
t!ie best thing will be to dispose of her
and secure one from.a more persistent
milking family of cattle.
••• . |
BERMUDA VS. vfIRE GRASS.
A. M. U., Rockton, S. C., writes: I
am anxious to know if Bermuda grass
and wire grass are the same, and how
much seed it will take to plant an acre,
and when is the best time to plant
the seed, in the fall or spring?
Wire grass and Bermuda grass are
not the same thing at all. Wire grass
is found in many sections of the coast
al plains region and takes name
from its tough and wirey character aS
it toward maturity. As you
probably know, it is frequently found
in association with piney woodlands.
Bermuda grass is an imported grass
of tropical origin. It is supposed to
have been brought into Georgia some
time about 1812, and was probably first
grown successfully in the vicinity of
Greensboro in this state. It is possible
that Bermuda grass is sometimes lo
cally called wire grass, but this is a
misnomer. It would take from six to
ten pounds of Bermuda grass seed to
plant an acre. The seed is very un
reliable as to germinating quality.
Probably the greater part of the seed
used in the United States comes from
Australia. We-think you would find it
more desirable in establishing a sod of
Bermuda grass to use the sets. This
may be done by plowing the land and
then laying it oft in rows two to three
feet apart, and dropping small pieces of
the sod three or four inches apart in
the rows. Os course there are more
rapid ways of setting large areas than
this, but this is one of the best meth
ods to follow where you desire to es
tablish a small area of this
grass. We have set out many acres
by the Anethod suggested, and often
when the sets are put out in April or
May a magnificent sod is secured be
fore the summer is past. Os course,
Bermuda, like any other grass, does
better ’on soli *’which has been well
prepared and put in "Condition to re
ceive the sod before it is planted. On
this poor land it will do as well as
any other grass, but the growth will
not be so vigorous as on better land.
THE SUCKERING OF CORN.
E. G. S., Hagan, Ga., writes: How
can I manage to keep corn from suck
ering? Our experience has been to
plant deep in the ground and put the
most of the fertilizer on after the co
is large enough to plow. If we do not
do this it will sucker and fire badly,
and blow down. My boy has joined
the corn club, and I have given him an
acre of land that lies lower than the
rest of the land. It is dark chocolate
with a red stiff subsoil seven incut
below the surface. It has been cleared
only two years and has been in sweet
potatoes both years. 1 have plenty
yard manure and 8-3-6 guano. Would
like to have all the information you
can give me how to raise a big con
crop. .
There is no method of planting corn
with which we are familiar which will
insure its not suckenng. Some vari
eties are more prone to this trouble
than others, and this is especially true
of the prolific varieties. If there is a
strong tendency to suckering, howev
er, the trouble is generally due to
planting in too wide rows and too
far apart m the drill, and may some
times be overcome by thicker planting
than is often followed. if sucker;
form in large numbers removing them
by hand or hoe would be a laborous
undertaking, and with field crops we
would not ordinarily attempt to do
this. On a prize patch suckering may
often be desirable, and if undertaken
should be done as soon as the suckers
begin to form. They may be chopped
out with a hoe or pulled out by hand.
If our corn suckered badly this year,
we would try thicker planting another
season, and probably lessen the a T "
of nitrogen applied at the tim£" of
planting the crop. If necessary thi
nitrogen could be used later in the
season as a top dressing. Our experi
ence has not justified the withholding
of fertilizer until late in the season
with corn. It is all right to use a side
application with corn on soils low ir
vegetable matter and not well snnnl
with nitrogen. Tn fact, two side ap
plications may sometimes be mad-'
with advantage on some sandy land.
Fertilizer put under the drill
at the time of planting is not the
cause of the’ corn firing. That is due
entirely to a lack of moisture in ♦'
soil, and the inability of the land be
cause of its lack of vegetable matter
to hold the moisture which falls
rain and supply it to the crop as need
ed. I can not see how, and our expe
rience does not iustify tb» conclusio r
that putting fertilizer under th»
some weeks after it has been planted
will prevent its blowing down.
It is gratifying to know that yoi”
boy expects to raise a prize acre of
corn this year, and I hope he may b
successful in raising one of the largest
crops in the history of your section o'
the state. Advise him to brea'-
land as deeply as he can whenever the
ground is in good condition for plow
mg. Do not try to force the seas'—
however, by breaking the land when it
BETTER THAN SPANKING
Spanking does not cure children of
bed-wetting. There is a constitutional
cause for this trouble. Mrs. M. Sum
mers, Box 327, South Bend, Ind., will
send free to any mother her successful
home treatment, with full instructions.
Send no monty, but write her today if
your children trouble you in this wtfy.
Don’t blame the child; the chances are
it can’t help it. This treatment also
cures adults and aged people troubled
with urine difficulties bv day or night.
is not in first-class mechanical cons’
tion. Great care should be exercised ir
preparing a fine and friable seed-bed
Plant the corn on the level or in ave
slight water furrow. Before planting
open ffrrrows four feet apart with t
twenty-inch scooter, and make them a.*
wide and deep as possible. Then put ir
600 to 800 pounds of the 8-3-6 formula
and mix well with the subsoil Aj,
yard manure on top of this at the ra
five to six tons per acre. Mix r
with the subsoil and draw the furrows
together and plant tha corn. SI
cultivation shouiu ue fouowed aftei
the corn is planted until jt is fully
matured. You may find it advisable on
this crop to use a Side application ol
the same formula mentioned in your
letter, and 100 pounds of nitrate or
soda as a top dressing You should
put the nitrate on at least ten days
before the corn bunshes to tassel.
FERTILIZING CORN IN NORTHWEST
GEORGIA.
M. C. C., Rome, Ga., writes: Would
like for you to give us the analysis of
the fertilizer you think best for corn in
this section of the state.
In your section of the state it occurs
to us that a 9-3-4 formula would be about
right for corn. The amount to use per
acre will depend a good deal on the
character of the land to which it is to be
applied. We would suggest a minimum
application of 500 pounds per acre with a
side app'ication of 200 pounds about 30
days to 6 weeks after the corn is up.
By a side application we do not neces
sarily mean that the fertilizer should
be put alongside the drill row, but broad
casted between the drills and worked into
the soil with a, cultivator. It may be
that some nitrate of soda will be found
helpful to the crop, but that win depend
very much on seasonal conditions and on
the growth made by the .corn in the next
6C days.
YOUNG PRINCE OF WALES
TO REVIEWJRENCH FLEET
(By Associated Press.)
PARIS, May 14.—The prince of
Wales, - who has been staying for some
time here with the Marquis de Breteuil,
intends to leave for Toulon June 1:
and will embark on board the Frencl
dreadnought Danton.
The prince will spend three days on
board the attle ship witnessing the
evolutions of the French fleet in the
Mediterranean.
FREE LIBRARIES MAY
BE CAUSE OF THIS
(By Associated Press.)
NEW YORK, May 14.—Only 5 per cent
of the people of the United States are
book buyers by habit, according to
statistics compiled by officers of the
American Book Sellers’ association in
convention here today.
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