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AGRICULTURAL®®
,2s Education ,fug
Successful .. W
$ A M- £>oule .
THig department >citt cheerfully cadrmw to furnish any information. •
Letters should be-'addressed to Dr.'-Andrew A/. Soule, president State
Agricultural College, AlAena, Ga.. , ~,
GEORGIA DAIRY STATISTICS
•A correspondent write? ; for ,hi forma
tion concerning the dairy ib.dustfy' in
. Georgia. and for his henefivProf.i J. W.
.-Hart, in charge of the; dairy- extension
work of the State College of Adiftacul
ture. ahd the dairy divljtfop-of -the bu
reau of animal industry, has taken con
siderable peins and time to. prepare the
'» following data which will ho doubt be
at interest to farmers and dairy men
throughout the state. '■•••*
Available, statistics 'tlJo»fng a*»y
lifcht on the .dairy business tn Georgia
are very meagre at the. prodent time,
but we shall sdon havtaeom® authorita
tive figures in regard to Oils matter
-when the results of thd census of 1910
are published. The United States crop
reports for February states that on
Jan. 1, 1912, there were in Georgia 406,-
600 milch cows, worth 128 per head, rep
resenting an aggregate value of $11,268,-
•00. The population of Georgia, ac
cording to the last oensus was 2.809,121.
and recokoning the same percentage in
crease as that prevailing over - the
decade Immediately preceding, we would
have on Jan. 1. 1912 a population of
2,688.110 within the state. From these
factors we calculate that in Georgia
there are 10 milch eows for every 65
♦ persons. Next let us see where Geor
gia stands In the dairy business as com
pered with the whole country. On Jan.
1. 1912. the .population of the United
may be estimated at .104.731.433,
and the same authority as quoted pbove
states that there were at this same date
■ H». the United States 20.699,000 cows, or
10 cows to every 50 people. From these
figures.we may gather that there should
be*added to our cow population in Geor
gia 125.000 more animate in order that
,-..J»e should have as many cows per
.capita as are owned in ths United States
as a whole. Our real Inferiority in
dairy stock will be more strikingly
- rtown in the valuation basts, for while
the average milk cow ih the United
States is valued at $39.39. the average
Georgia cow la credited with a value of
.. S2B. Applying these figures to Georgia
we find our per capita investment in
milch cows is $4.23. while that of the
‘ entire United States is $7.28.
You asked especially for information
in regard to’the growth of the dairy
business within this state during the
• last ten years. Going back ten years
the United. States year boog states
that the cow. population of Georgia in
1902 was 274.604. valued at $21.94 per
head. Assuming that the population at
this same time was 2.283,486. we find
that ten oows supplied dairy products
for 83 persons, this, of course supple
mented by a large amount of butter,
cheese, and condensed milk, which were
and are still being brought into the
state. Compare this with ’ our position
today and it appears we are making
progress. The per capital value of our
milch cow investment on January. 1913.
was only $3.74 a? compared with $4.33
in 1913. which further bears out the
idea that we are slowly making head
way in the direction of more and better
cows. ’'
Your question asking what has caused
the growth of the dairy business Is
more difficult to. answer satisfactorily.
I believe there area number-of factors
concerned in this growth, the principal
‘ x of which are as follows: /
First. The adoption of better farm
ing methods by many of o.ur farmers,
involving rotation of crops and higher
yields. '~
* Second. The placing of large areas
fence, whereas formerly stock ran
at large- • ■ rJc
Third. In connection with this we
have the diminution *»»d in some lo
calities the extinction of the cattle
.tick from many premises formerly
infected. Along this line we find
that many of our mor e intelligent ind
fareful cow owners all over ‘ the state
are getting rid of -ticks owing to the
campaign that is being waged against
this parasite under the direction of
r federal and state authorities.
Fourth. A. desire on the part oi
our farmers to raise w larger portion
of their food supplies at home*, along
with a better appreciation of th e high
food value of milk and milk products.
‘ Fifth. • The adoption of bettei
methods in the dairy, such as raising
calves by hand and the use of tne
cream .separator. All over the state,
however, .a discouragingly large num-
For
V .Make Has
I “Mont Sifting
I solution of Ton—
■ Boot Lye
■ i 2± P °“ r
■ down sinks, water money
■ closets and drains. »
■ cleanse led purify your troughs, barns. ,‘>en-
■ neries and garbage cans. Makes everything
■ sweet smelling—prevents disease and foul odors.
IRED SEAL LYE
■ It la amb aod vmSlsc *attr—n nukn bird water
Mft aad mtm Map and iaboe. Cleaaaea 4alry ataaiHi teat
■ l«e K**lM Map. a*i yea- C.td
■ Seal euattAeaayatber Red Sea lit M per cent
■ Fare Lye. Btraacett, Mat aa4 ebeapeei.
■ Btftla< Tay Caa. Write aa If year
■ etaeAMrer daea aM aaC it.
■ Deefct basUet free. * ■ I
B f. c. tomzor *co ,
Sa p.
S» WaaStaftaa Ara.
■k rßUa4ri>hla, Fa. W
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IZ|>&S Top Buggy. \M|J I
I Retail Price 060 00. Buntea, BBS B
I Spring Wagons, Finn W«*om. Wo y WM —v^JS^wHBWT I ZS. W
■ bare cut out cur Jobbers, our Whole- | /A *
I salers aid our R< ai!ers a d oH-r YOU /X - \t»
■ their profit. today for our B
I Free Catalog utf Bellvered Prices.
E Mutual Carriage & Hamess Mfg. Co. 'x/lsxVl yy |\Vu \ \Z B
B Stackne 63P Eaat at. Lnerfa. 111. « 1 -
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1 ss:=;^^* a <Sei^^fa!r ,I CacKSS^ BBI *
MARLIN 5W513.75 5
Bourne &Bond. 313 mkt.st. LOUISVILLE, KY. ]
be> of our fafmers still persist in fol
lowing the old southern plan, possibly
introduced- from Africa, -of allowing
the calf W> suck the cow. The in
crease in the production of cotton
seed meal and‘hulls furnishing cheap
feed for milch cows has contributed
to the advancement of ’ dairying 'ta
Georgia: ’••• ’• •».
Sixth. The higher prices of dairy
products prevailing <juring .the recent
year’s have also caused more attention
to be paid to dairying.
Seventh. A better appreciation of
the essential value of stable manure
for Georgia soil low in humus and
th e use of milch cows as • a definite
means for supplying (his deficiency 4s
responsible to some extent for our,
improvement in dairying in. Georgia.
The larger portion of the’milk pro
duced in Georgia is consumed on tne
farms and we hav e no creameries,
cheese factories or condensers whioh
would facilitate the collection. of data
regarding the ylqld and disposal vl
milk. Nevertheless, there aye abun
dant evidences of healthy growth ir.
the dairy Industry, though not to tht
extent that makes us Independent of
the northern dairymen and oleo pro
ducers whose inferior products iniid r
uously displace much good wholesome
butter on Georgia tables. That dairy
ing has not made greater progress
within the state is doubtless due to
our credit system of ■ farming whsrs
both owners of the land and tenants
too frequently live from hand to
m-uth. buying supplies on long cred
its and ruinous terms on the under*
standing that they shall raise cotton
which they pledge <o. meet thesa ob
ligations. Real - improvement i and
rapid improvement in dairy • conditions
will be evidenced just as soon as we
can break away from the antiquated
cotton crop mortgage system.
The process of cutting up old
ern plantations, first worked 6y slave
labor,' is still going on. Farmers who
live on their own farms, finance their
own crops, bwn their own herds, are
building up the waste places and era
making progress in .many y lines., oX
which dairying is one of the princi
pal. During the last census period
there was an increase of, 29.5 percent
in the number of farms in Georgia,
while the population increased but
IT. 7 per cent during {hik same period.
The average size of the Georgia farm
decreased from 113.5 . acres to 92.6
acres. The greater part of c these
small farms ar e the so-called “one
horse farmC’ on each of which one
good cow should be kept for family
use. The profitable dairy farm will
be the farm containing more work
stock so that the better class of till
age implements may be used ana
where the work is done by the own
ers' ojn families with a minimum
amount of hired labor. On a farm. of
this class located convenient to
schools t apd..markets, the children can
get the benefit 6t the school and at
the same time help with the milking
and other work to be done on a dairy
faftfi; TO>ile?ttie dairy products can
eb conveniently and profitably sold,
are few large dairies in the
sijate that -are making mopey.. The la
bor problem on these large, alarms ta
a serious one, and there is a tenden
cy .-in tiie owners after making tbeii
land. rich. j>y means of dairying, to . sell,
off their herds and go into other busi
ness on account of the difficulty ot
getting reliable labor.
It lit 5 d question which ha? been the
moat profitable' fine of dairying carried
on in the state. At first sight tt wouK
seem that in selling milk kt “25 cents per
gallon wholesale a» compared with sell
ing butter-at 25 cents per- pound the ad
vantage would be overwhelmingly on the
side of the dairyman selling milk; but
from my actual knowledge In the pre
vailing conditions I believe that the pro
ducers who have been carefully handling
the milk at hoge and making and selling
good butter and at the same time have;
been improving their herds, who have been
feeding largely on home-grown feeds are
doing this on originally cheap land have
been making greater material progress
than the dairyman who. has been selling
milk. Bottled milk usually retails for
10 cents per quart and there are excep
tional Individuals who have prospered in
the retail milk business. ‘ I cannot “say
that the average dairyman engaged in
this business has made -much money.
In most cases he Is making twice a day
delivery, is feeding his herd almost en
tirely on .purchased feeds, largely cptton
seed hulls and meal, he raises no calves,
milks at midnight and midday or a little
later, takes little or no care of the ma
nure an<T apparently finds difficulty in
making both ends meet. Cream testing
20 per cent fat ts sold in the state for
SI.OO- . per gallon and upwards. This,
seems at present to be the most profitable
method of marketing the products of the
dairy though the business might easily
be overdone. *,’•
The particulars tlfat we shall soon have
from 1910 census will throw more light
on some features of the dairy industry,
though from facts already ‘at hand we
gather that conditions are slowly improv
ing. Every indication points to the fact
that improvement will be more marked
in the future and that those who are
handling dairy cows in Georgia will have
no cause for complaint.
DESTROYING WARBLE FLIES IN
•» CATTLE.
G. L. J., Bishop, Ga., writes: I have
a cow about four years bld that has a
few waps on her back, and would like
to know how- to destroy them; • -
We cannot gather from your letter
whether you refer to the ’'removal of
THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL. ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1912.
Cl. DELEGATES NAMED
FOR FARMERS' BIG MEET
Gov, Brown Namesu State’s
Delegation to National *Farm .% :
"Congress, New Orleans,
Georgia's delegates to the 1912 session
of the farmers’ National Congress in
New, Orleans on November 7, have been
appointed . .by , Governor Brown as fol
lows: . . . . , -•
J. J. Conner, of Cartersville.
J. ‘X Blown, of Bowman.
' ’’ J.’D. Pried, of Farmington. ■ -y • ,
' -A. D. Blalock, of Fayetteville.
E. Cabanisa, of Lexington. y
T. G- IkAison, of. Americus.
,R. F, Wright, of Elberton. «... „
Charles tj. Barrett, of Union City." "
R. F. Duckworth, of Union City. ,4>
* LawNson- F. Brown, of aundersville.
Martin V. Calvin, of Experiment.
• J.-.W, L. Brown, 'of 'Cartersville.
E. H. Ward, of Elberton.
A J. Mullin, of Hartwell.
T. H. Strange, of Ashland.
’ J. B. N. of Comer. •’
John T. Newton, of
Dr. A. M. Socle, of Athens.
George Gilmore, of . WarthenF
R. F.-Crittenden, of Shellman..-,
John J. McArthur, of Mount Vernon.
C. ,M. Sanders, of Penfield.
C. H. Mann, of Reidsville.
F. R. Mann, of JacksonUlle. . . ... , .
John G. Stanely, of Quitman.
J. R. Brown, of Ashburn.
John T. Moore, of Rockmart.
Harvie Jordan, of Monticello.
A. T. Roberts, of LaGrange.
John T. Williams. Round Oak.
Dr. W. B. Burroughs, of Brunswick.
J. ‘ J. Flynt, of Griffin.
Dr. L. G. Hardman, of Commerce.
John C. Reese, of Alpharetta.
Charles Holmes, of Dublin.
T. H. Hooks, of Dudley.' '• *'
E. C. J. Dickens, Sta.tesboro.
L. C. Mandeville, of Carrel Ito n,.
8. C. Dunlap, of Gainesville.'
.N. D. Arnold, of ArnoldsVitle. '
W. E. Simmons, of Lawrenceville.
Dudley M. Hughes, of Danville.
John W. Bennett, of Waycrbss.
♦ Gordon iLee, Chlcamauga , f
T. B. -Thorne, Stajejboro. ......
J. AJ J.. Henderson, dcjlla. ;
.: J. Ci Clements, Towns.
M. L. Burch, Townie. ...
< John T. Dupree, Irwipton.
J.E.Hays, Montezuma.''-""
J. Qhi. Morris, Smyrna., -j- * *
W. B. Hufiter, Cornelia, ...
Jessee Lumsden, Sutee.
R/. T. Huneker, Lumpkin/
J. M. Stevens, Lumpkin. <
• BtiF. Barge, Weston.
A. P. Passmore/ Weston. ’ '
E. R. Ward, Benevolence.
Nick Weaver, Cuthbert
S. A. Crumbley, Georgetown.
T. W. Ellis, Georgetown- • '
id. I. Branch, Berzelia. (
John B. Cullers, Lincolnton.
R. R. Reaves, Dearing, R. F. D. 1.
B. P. Ramsey, Louisville.',r -- - . •
-i J. W. Williams, Hui.
W. H. Westmoreland, Canon.
W„ M, Kllgo, Toccoa.
J. R. Kincaid. Blue Ridge.
T. p. Tabor, Ellijay.
1?T. ,J. H. Hendrix, - Jasper.
C. C. Childress, Decatur, R. F.' D.
Ike Meadows, Covington.
W. L. Peek, Confers.,' ’ :
W. C.‘ Hullender, Ringgold. x
r Worthy, Canton.
J. R. Echols, Cumming.
• W. *R. .-Rankin, Calhoun, . v n
J..T. Kirby, Newnan.. j_.
M. A. Crosby, Adet.
: JF., A, Thrash, Greenville.' ' •'
J. R. Van Buren, Griswoldville.
J. W. Henderson, Sypamore. \
J. A.. Cypmartie, Hazlehurst.
H J. Stricklandi Blackshear.
r U?'W. Cornelius, .Homervilla.
W. M. Cliff, Folkston.
T. 'C.Ham, Statenville, ’ ’
" W. S; West, Valdosta, < r
Ben Klnke, Donaldsonville.
J. W. Andrews, Carnegie. /
J. M. Smith, Colbert. <•• • ■ ’•
Ji ,G..-Oglesby, Quitman. .. . .
..Alien ,IV., Jones, of Mldviite.
F. M. Smith, Lyons. ’* *
I. A. Bush, Pelham.
: I.’B. Peebles, Gibson.
E. H; CaHaway, Augusta.
‘ 8. H-. Phelan, Roberta. » •
J. B. Madden, Concord. . , • .
H. L, Long, Leesburg.
J. R.. Mercer. Dawson. .: r
W. I. Hudson, Hamilton. , ,
J. A. Peek, Cedartown.
E. P. "Bowen, Tifton. • ‘ ’
Clifford Grubb, Sylvester. ■ < .7* •
J. M. Warren, Abbeville.
R. N. Holtzclaw, Perry.
F. D. Wimberly, Jeffersonville^■ -
J. .W., Palmer, Ailey.
Walter- Vaqce. Montezuma.
A. P. Adamson, Rex..- . ■
J. T. Dennis, Eatonton.
W. W, Bird, Crawfordville.'
E. A. Copeland,' Greensboro.- .aA
R. A. Garmany,
Logan Perkine, Homer.
warts frpm jhe back of your cow or war
bles in the skin. If you are troubled
with warts the best way- to destroy them
is to’ tie a piece of string around them
and’ tighten - ft from day to day until
they are cut off. The places may then
be seared.
Warbles are produced by a fly which
lays Its eggs in the back of the heels
of cattle during the warm weather. The
cattle lick these eggs off and they are
taken into the stomach and there the
larva develops and works its way to
openings just under the skin. In the
spring these grubs develop and work their
way out and drop to the ground where
they burrow, and develop into the War
ble fly. The best way .to destroy them
is to apply a little turpentine to the small
pore opening directly over each lump.
This will kill most of the warbles and
any which remain should be skinned off.
Where this method’ is followed and the
bot fly destroyed wherever observed
during the summer season the pest can
be held in check.
FEEDING COTTON MEAL TO HORSES
AND MULES.
j. C. G., alhoun. Ga.’. writes: I wish
some information In regard to feeding
cotton seed meal to mules and horses.
How is this-feed for fattening mules,
also- for, work stock? 7 desire to feed it
with com on the ear and hay.
. Cotton seed meal may be fed to horses
and, mules in limited with -ex
cellent results: not over two pounds per
head per 'day should be fed. The reason
for thts is found 4n the high content of
the meal in nitrogenous compounds, and
while horse* and mules require a certain
amount of nitrogen in their daily diet,
they can be,surfeited with it. and some
times .‘the digestive and nervous systems
gre derahged thereby;' Do not gather
from this that there is any danger-from
feeding cotton seed meal in the amounts
indicated. At the same time it is neces
sary to emphasize the 'fact that guessing
at the amount of cotton seed meal is not
a safe, or. satisfactory policy. When one
to feed cotton seed meal to horses
or-mules, it should,... be mixed with a
little shredded’ fodder, finely chopped hay
or Kulls. This will prevent the animals
gulping If'dowti and will also Induce them
to eat’it more readily, and especially is
this true where a little brine water is
thrown over the meal .and cut Teed. Cot
ton seel ineal. is a new concentrate to
most horses and mules and some times
they do not eat it readily when first
COTTON TARE PROBLEMS
TO RE DISCUSSED SOON
G'eorgik Legislative Commis
sion-Asks Big Attendance at
Rateigh-Agricultural Meet
r » ; ? h f —> -
The following call by the legislative
commission ’for general co-operation in
the. rnov*frment‘ tb lay the long agitated
.quqstiqn jeotton .tare before the ap
proaching meeting of the Southern Com
missioners of Agriculture in Raleigh,
will interest all cotton growers in the
south:
COTTON TARE WORK.
“In accord with a resplution and ap
peal frofrn the general assembly of Geor
gia In 1911; our consuls were instructed
by the secretary of state to investigate
the question of ‘cotton tare.’ As a result
this investigation the secretary of state
issues an elaborate report. (Document
577.) »
“Now comes the commissioner of tne
bureau of'corporations with a report to
the president on the sum.e question, all
in response to the request of the general
assembly of Georgia.
“It seems a great mistake that we
could not get thia information and help
before now, and saved tb our section
$200,000,000 how' lost. This question has
been brought to the attention of our peo
ple and their representatives for several
years, but the robbery continued, and
we. have lost much.
"The general assembly of Georgia has
a special commission to take steps and
fwork with other cotton states and ad
just this question.
“Judge W. G. Brantley, who took up
the resolution and appeal to the presi
dent and to congress and energetically
helped our work, was invited to a con
ference with your legislative commis
sion. At thli conference we decided to
bring question before the annual
convention, of commissioners of agricul
ture and agricultural workers of the
cbtton belt, toitoe held in Raleigh, N. C.,
the time to be set later by its executive
commission. Judge Brantley was re
quested to Communicate with the gover
nors of the potton states, urge the meet
ing's.importance, and ask appointment of
delegates; alsir to ask a representation
from agricultural department at
Washington. .
“The commissioner of agriculture of
’Georgia w»8 Requested to co-operate
with ypur legislative commission, and
help in bringing this question before
other commissioners of agriculture. Ev
ery commissioner was earnestly request
ed, to urge a full attendance and secure
attendance of delegates from their re
spective states.*
“Judge Brantley has complied with
the request, urged the appointment of
delegates aAd Requested that delegates
get In touch, with T. H. Kimbrough, Ca
taula. Ga. , r . ,
‘ “We ask a/ representation from the
Association of Cotton Manufacturers of
qur section .and. a special conference
with the president of the Georgia Man
ufacturers’ association, whom we be
lieve to be in sympathy with right.
"We are asking a representation of
our congressmen and hope our progres
sive agricultural colleges will send a
representative. This *is to be a con
tion of agricultural workers, and we
hope for a full representation of repre
sentative men. We trust this question
will be so adjusted as to result in jus
tice to all. for it is a big question, in
volving ah average of $25,000 to each
prominent cotton county in the cptton
belt.
“We are corresponding with several
cotton exchanges in Europe, and hope
for co-operatlqn. from some of these.
“We are hoping to receive the hearty
co-operatibiip'bf’every governor and com
missioner <rf agrlcußure and agricul
tural worker,iq, the cotton belt. We re
quest our papers throughout the state
and entire south to bring this question
of ootton tare, and this convention, be
fore our people, with this letter, believ
ing they will render valuable services
to those who are hard at work to clothe
the world and support their own fami
lies, and whd will be grateful .for help
from any source. , .
from any source. Very truly,
(Signed) “I. A. CROMARTIE,
' ' "W. W. HAMILTON,
"M. L. JOHNSON,
“J. E. LORD.
“T. H. KIMBROUGH,
"Legislative Committee.
“Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 5T1912.“
placed* before them. We have not had
serious difficulty in inducing the animals
kept on the farm to eat it, and do not
think you will find this a serious draw
back to Its use.’’ Personally, where cot
ton seed meaUis fed. we would prefer
to feed it wit^ r ground corp or corn and
cob meal mixing the corn and cob meal
and cotton seed meal in the proportion
of 500 to 600 pounds of the former to 100
pounds, of ,thq Jatter. Feed this mixture
at the rate of'ten to fifteen pounds per
head per day, depending on the character
of work done the animals. In your in
stance, of course, you would feed a lib
eral ration because you are anxious to
fatten the animals and put them in good
condition for work. Only a limited
amount of hulls should be fed to horses
and mutes' because this material is not
as easily digested as some others and
the horse has rather a small stomach,
and therefore can only handle a limited
amount of rough coarse feed. We think
you will And with corn at its present
A Physician
Cures His Wife
Os Consumption
With A Simple Home Treatment
Book Fully Describing the Treat*
merit Sent Absolutely Free
. . To Any Lung Sufferer.
Or. W. H. KNIGHT of East gaapti, Maas., writaii
* My wife was down with Consumption, when J
ordered the Lloyd treatment. She waa very weak
•rom nicht eweate, eongh and in a feverith eondi
don. I noticed a ohange for the better after ten
lays’ treatment, and from that time on up to three
months, when the cure was completed. The Lloyd
treatment kills the Tubercle Bacillus in the blood
and tissue, and It is the only remedy so far dis
'severed that will do this. It is a preventive as well
as a cure. It should be used by those who are run
down, orthose wbo fear the approach of Consump
tion. It can bo truthfully said that for the cure
and prevention of Consumption, it is the most won
lerful treatment of the present are."
This is only one of hundreds of letters received
h-om physicians and others reporting cases of con
sumption and lune trouble restored to health in aE
sections of the United States. We want to send
every lung sufferer absolutely free the startling
statements of Dr. W. H. Kiester of Dayton. Ohio,
Dr. C. G. Pinekard of Kansas City, Mo., Dr. 3. H
Ward of Troy, Mo., and many others who report re
suits almost beyddd belief, together with a val
uable booklet on the cause, prevention and treat
ment of consumption and Inng trouble.
If you are suffering from weakness, blood-spit
ting, pun-fllled sputum, night sweats, chills, fever,
loss of flesh, painful lungs, distressing cough,
wasted body, lass of strength—write me today and
I'll send yon ABSOLUTELY FREE the sworn testi
tn-my of many who, after suffering with just su'-b
distressing symptoms, now state that they ARE
CURED, strong, able to work, without aehe or pain,
happy, full of praise,, after a few month’s use oi
this simple home treatment. Send you r name aa®
address TODAY. JUDD. Q. LLOYD. 5061
Building. St. Louis, Mb. .' (advt.i
GEORGIA FARM LAUDS.
In no portion of America will you find oppor
tunity thrusting Itself at POOR MAN, RICH
MAN. -AVERAGE HAN, a.« it thrusts itself iu
GEORGIA.
’’ Write today for our Guide Book, •‘Georgia,’*
. sjd our list of farm bargains; they are free
fl..* the asking.
List-your land with us for sale. ONLY bar
gains advertised.
TfcDWJN P. AXBLET LAND AGENCY,
REALTY TRUST BUILDING, ATLANTA, GA.
(Advertietment.)
y 1”
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price that thorough grinding and mixing
with the meal and feeding as suggested
will prove a profitable practice.
AN IMPORTANT QUESTION.
T. T. W., Quitman. Ga., writes: 1
have been apppointed buying agent oi
fertilizers for my farmer neighbors.
It has been stated here that we do not
need acid in our soil, but need m<*ra
lime. Now, is it possible for us to
use raw ground phosphate, and get
all we would get by using the acid
phosphate in the way of phosphate
and yet leave out the acid. I think
we can get the raw rock phosphate
for half 'the c< > s t of acid phosphate
delivered. I would lik® advice from
you in this matter.
The subject of your inquiry is an
important one. and has been receiving
our attention here for some 'time past.
Unfortunately, only the results for
one year are available as yet, and it is
difficult so base a definite opinion
upon them, for* .varying seasons ano
soil conditions win ho doubt affect
the results obtained from the same
applications in different years. This
has been our observation in fertilizer
tests made up to this time, hence, it
would not be advisable to draw radi
cal conclusions from the data fur
nished in this letter.
Last year in our demonstration field
six plats of land were selected as
nearly uniform as possible and sys
tematically prepared and planted to
corn. On three of these plats no lime
was used; on three of them lime was
applied at the rate of 2,000 pounds rc»
apre. To the second and third plats
in each series 400 pounds of raw rock
or floats and 400 pounds of high
grade phosphate were applied respec
tively. On the no-lime plats the
yields were 13, 35.3 and 38 bushels
respectively. Note that the use oi
both floats and acid phosphate in this
instance gave a decided increase ovei
no fertilizer and no lime. Where the
lime was applied the yield* were 46,
57.5 and 51.3 bushels respectively. In
this instance the lime seemed to have
exerted a’ modt sailutary effect »n
crop yield, and there -was also a good
increase from the use of the floats
and the acid phosphate. Our chemi
cal examinations up to this time indi
cate that many of our Georgia soils
are low in lime, and we would judge
from the soil formation predominat
ing in your section of the state the
use of lime would be. beneficial. In
this particular instance the floats ap
parently gave as good returns as the
acid phosphate, but- the concensus of
opinion of the investigators up to
this time indicates that the best re
sults secured from floats occur when
there is a plentiful supply of organic
matter in the soil, and w e do not
think this would be true of your sec
tion of the state. However, where
floats are applied it is probably best
to put on two or three .times as much
as where acid phosphate is used, be
cause when acid phosphate is applied
the phosphorus is in a readily availa
ble form of plants. ’ When put on in
th e form of raw rock a comparatively
small amount-of phosphorus is read
ily * available to plants the first year.
Where green crops have been plowea
under or yard manure is available raw
rock may often be used with consider
able advantage. In the absence ot
these conditions we hardly feel justi
fied in recommending farmers aban
doning the use of acid phosphate un
til more definite knowledge concern
ing its value under Georgia condi
tions has been obtained. Under the
circumstances we would advise tht
farmers in your community to secure
some of. this material and test it for
themselyes in a limited way.
* • •
A SOUTH GEORGIA FARMER’S
TROUBLE.
M. W.. Eastman, Ga.. writes: I would
like to know the-, best way of restoring
land that has been in cultivation for
seventy-five years. It has been poorly
fertilized and badly cultivated. Has a
clay subsoil but is inclined to be sandy;
Iles high and is well drained. For sev
eral years it has been plowed very i hal
low. Can you tell me why it is that
most of the cotton in this section ma
tures and commences to die about Au
gust 1? Many years ago this was not
the case.
Land that has been treated as you de
scribe can not be brought up at once.
It must be a gradual process for nature
was preparing the land and making it
ready for the receipt of the Anglo-
Saxon civilization for thousands upon
thousands of years before the discovery
of America and its occupation and culti
vation by our forefathers. In some in
vestigations which have recently been
made at the college it has been shown
that some of the original type soils of
the state contain 5,600 pounds of nitro
gen, and now they often contain less
than half this amount though they have
probably not been in cultivation more
than fifty years. To put back 2,500 or
3,000 pounds of nitrogen in an acre of
soil would require the plowing under of
at least twenty to thirty crops, of cow
peas. You can see. therefore, that soil
restoration can not be effected immedi
ately. but that in order to secure good
crops we must go about this matter sys
tematically and with forethought and
persistence.
The first thing for you to do with this
land is to break it reasonably deep,
though sandy soils, and especially where
the subsoil is sandy, do not need to be
broken so deeply as in the case of clay
soils.- The best time to break it will be
this fall. A two-horse plow or a disk
will be good implements to use. and the
sooner the land is broken the better.
• Leave it as rough as possible so it will
absorb as much of tne water falling as
rain as it can hold.
The next thing is to institute a rota-
Country Jays Insist
On Paying ' Fares for
Rides on an Elevator
, (Special Dispatch to The Journal.)
WAYCROSS, Ga.. Sept. 6. —Two coun
try visitors in Waycross had a near
fight yesterday afternoon in an elevator
of one of the hotels. Their quarrel was
about which one should pay for «he
ride from the first floor to the fourth.
Both had been indulging in drinks not
supposed to exist in a prohibition state
and were, very anxious to treat each
other to a ride in the elevator. The boy
who was running the elevator told them
that there was no charge for riding, but
they * insisted that some mistake had
been made and made the boy take 10
cents, which wps their idea of car fare.
The theory has been advanced that
maybe the visitors imagined they were
taking a joy ride on street cars and
mistook the elevator boy for a con
ductor.
INFERNAL- MACHINE, BUT
YOU COULDN’T HEAR TICKS
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, Sept. 7.—A package
more deadly than dynamite was deliver
ed yesterday to the United States hy
gienic laboratory by a special messenger,
who mopped Iris brow with evident relief
when he got a receipt for it
The package contained 50,000 ticks in
fected with the deadly Rocky mountain
fever, enough to wipe out the popula
tion of the nation’s capital should they
be liberated from the glass tubes.
The fever carriers were part of those
with which the late Surgeon T. D. Mc-
Clintic was experimenting when he con
tracted the disease. The experi
ments will-be continued in Washington
by John F. Anderson, director of the
hygienic laboratory.
AUTOISTS WARNED
BY WAYCROSS POLICE
(Special Dispatch to The Journal.)
f WAYCROSS. Ga.. Sept. 7.—The police
of the city have given very emphatic
warning to autolsta that all traffic regu
lations knd speed limits must be ob
served. Heavy fines will result from
all cases made, it is understood, as the
police hold to the opinion that accidents
are liable to happen without due re
gard for the city laws. ' Reckless driving
in various sections of the dty has al
ready cdused a number of accidents,
some of which came near being of a
serious nature.
tion of crops which will insure legumes
being produced on the land twice out of
every three years, and while the legume
may be cut for hay, it will be good
practice to turn it under as often as
possible until a wealth of vegetable mat
ter has been accumulated in the soil.
Whenever a sufficient amount of vege
table matter is incorporated in the land
you will find that the cotton will not
shed when the August drought comes
on, but that it will remain green ana
growing until October or November. Ths
remedy for this trouble is better fer
tilization, better cultivation and- the use
of green or farmyard manures. Since
we have only a limited amount of stoeft.
it will be necessary for us to resort to
the use of compost and green manures
In the main. - *. If you can secure a lot of
leaf litter and mold from the woods In
your vicinity and compost it thoroughly
this winter and use it at the rate of
two to five tons per acre the
drill row for your corn or cotton, and
on top of that apply not less than*Mo
or 600 pounds of high-grade fertilizer. I
am sure you will find your crop better
able to resist drought next summer, and
that you will secure a larger yield. At
least, thia has been the experience of
many farmers with whom we have ad
vised.
A HOME-MIXED RATION FOR
HORSES AND MULES.
J. A. 8., .Washington, Ga., writes: We
wish to make a ration for horses and
mules using corn crops, oats, cotton
seed meal and cotton seed hulls: Please
adfve what proportions of these ingredi
ents should be used?
Corn, cob and shuck, or corn and cobs
ground together mixed with cotton seed
meal and oats will make a very good ra
tion for feeding horses and mules. If
you use corn and cob meal mix 500
pounds of it with 100 pounds of cotton
seed meal and 150 pounds of oats. If
you use corn, cob and shuck meal, use
600 pounds with the amounts of cotton
seed meal and oats indicated; The add!- '
tion of hulls to this mixture will prove
a detriment rather than a benefit since
hulls are very low in nutritive elements,
and not calculated, therefore, to take
the place of roughness which Is produced
on every farm in abundance. The above
mixtures should be fed to a 1.006-pound
horse or mule at the rate of about 15
to 13 pounds per day, depending on the
character of work the animal is called
on to perform. Os course, a 1.200-pound
mule should be fed proportionately more
than a ?00-pound mule. In addition to
feeding this grain ration in three equal
proportions morning, noon and night,
give the animals from 12 to 15 pounds
of clean, bright pea vine. Bermuda orj
mixed nay per day. This will provide
an excellent and economical ration for
work stock in this state.
FARMERS’ INSTITUTES ■
REACH 24,059 PEOPLI
State Agricultural College Hell
Meetings in 127 Coun- ; |
ties I
(Special Dispatch to The Journal.» 1
ATHENS, Ga., Sept. 7.—The Sial
College of Agriculture has just com
eluded its farmers’ institutes for tJ
summer and reports that 24,050 farmeil
of Georgia attended the meetings, V
an average of 185 at each of the !■
institutes held. This year 127 countiM
were visited. 28 of them not hereto
fore having been visited. Next
the entire state will have been covereo
The institute work began June 22 "a
Pitcock, Ga.. and ended August 31 a
Gainesville. Three itineraries were PUM
sued, each being covered by three agfl
cultural experts. •' j
The special messages of the campaiJ
concerned soil fertility and animal hUM
bandry. This year force wae nA
assisted by experts of the federal b«
reau of agriculture as was the c«
last year when a cattle tick expert aw
a dairy expert from that bureau rendew
ed valuable assistance. The state cto
lege force was, however, able by wJ
arranged plans to increase the numbj
of institutes from 101 to 130 for thl
year without additional cost. H
Mention should, however, be made I
this connection of the state board* fl
health, which rendered valuable se’rfl
ice in a few of the institutes, also fl
the district corn club agents, who al
tended the meetings in their respeetffl
districts and gave instruction on com
culture. |
The largest attended meetings, wt.fl
the first and the last. At pitcock «
attendance was 1,000 and at Gainesvilfl
1,500.
Wherever previous Institutes had bew
held there was the greatest interests
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