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Education ,
successful Farming
"S'Fife J 3 A NDREW M- soull
Tfti# department tctll efieerfsßy to Jtrntj/i any Information
otters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State
Afiricuitvr.il College, Athens. Go.
PUSH THE DAIRY BUSINESS
Butter is 45 cents * pound and solns
up. This standard article of the hu
man dietary is becoming so expensive
in America. so lons rararded * s the
home of plenty, that njany people a’"
being forced to cut out the use of but
ter altogether. It is only a few years
ago that the farmer who secured year
ly customers in the towns and cities
for his butter at 25 cents a pound re
garded himself as extremely fortunate.
In a period of less than ten years the
price of this most desirable and whole
some article has almost doubled. Sure
ly there is an opportunity for develop
( ment along this line which is being
overlooked. and an examination of the
statistics fully confirms this opinion.
What is the matter? Why are the
farmers of the south neglecting a busi
ness which is better calculated than any
other to enable them to build up their
lands, utilise the products of the farm
in the home factory, and make a large
return on the investment. •
Some will say that the labor problem
deters most people from entering the
dairy business, and it is true that it
is an exacting business, requiring at
tention 355 days out of every year. But
when there is so much complaint about
the low pftce of cotton and the small
yield obtained, is there any reason why
a percentage of our fanners should not
take up that line of industry which
promises the largest return? In fact,
the writer has never known of any in
dividual who has succeeded in any line
of life without making a great personal
sacrifice whether his friends knew it
or not. Similarly, on the farm the busi
ness which is the easiest and the most
attractive will seldom if ever be the
most profitable. As a matter of fact,
the dairy business can be followed
with greater financial advantage on the
part of the farmer than any other line
of agriculture in which he can engage
at the present time.
The tendency to crowd into the cities
is still marked, which means an in
crease in the cost of living and higher
prices for butter in the immediate fu
ture. A good cow such as can be found
in many localities in Georgia may be
d peuded on to give two gallons of
milk a day for about ten months of
the year, where she is properly fed
and cared for. If she is of Jersey ori
gin the milk will probably run 5 per
cent of fat or slightly better, and the
cow may be depended on to return to
the owner the equivalent of a pound of
• butter a day. worth as already noted
about 45 cents. The cost of feeding this
cow on a most liberal estimate should
not be over 25 cents a day; under good
management It may be reduced to from
15 to 18 cents. Surely, this leaves a
good margin of profit. As a matter of
fact, there is in the college herd a cow
which has produced better than 40
pounds of milk a day for several
months, and has made the equivalent
of nearly two pounds of butter. Sup-
* pose such a cow cost 8200 to purchase.
She is still a profitable dairy machine.
It is true that she is greatly above
the average, but still there are a number
of farmers in Georgia who started out
with limited means and have built up
magnificent herds of high-grade or pure
bred cows at a comparatively small out
lay of money. These men are prosperous
and successful and are living witnesses
to the great opportunity which the dairy
business affords hundreds of Georgia
farmers who are following the old line
methods of agriculture and are dis
posed to grumble about hard times
For
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STEEL CO
J S teat Twa,
f B You Can Grow Successfully
CatUra. Csrs. Tebacca, Peanut*. Oat*. ■
Clever and Other Crops i.-.
in thia, the r cheat section of North I
Carolina, g
We bate some fine term latula for sale ■
at attractive prices ao-1 terms. Write B
for fell particular*. 8s
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Rocky Jloiutain. North Carolina. ■
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T»p Buggy.
Retail Prtee <6O 00. Kn<jrt«L Swreyz, gHg '
Spring Wagons, Farm Wagons. We / /X.
have ent out our Jot-tserg, our Whole- \ |
aalera and our Retailers and offer YOU / N / S \
their profit. Write today tor oar 1 I
Fret Catalog and Delivered Prices.
Mutual Csrnage & Hamess Mfg. Co. 'xj \. j*' 1
stattaa 638 Eaa* St. Lo*l*. BL ~
they are probably through a fail
ure study the situation carefully im-
upon themselves.
ThaT'the dairy business in this state
has bxi greatly neglected is evidenced
by the statistics worked out
by Prof. jAWilllam Hart, in charge of
the college dairy extension work.
Wisconsin has long been celebrated for
the output of her dairy products. This
' state is not so large or so populous as
Georgia, yet Wisconsin has one cow
on every twenty-four acres of land,
while Georgia has only one cow on
every ninety-three acres of land. For
each 100 persons in Wisconsin there
are 84.4 cows; for each 100 persons in
Georgia. 15.6 cows. Wisconsin’s cow in
vestment per individual is 826.14: Geor
gia's investment per individual is 84.36.
It would require 1,299,342 cows to bring
Georgia up to the standard of Wiscon
sin in dairy production, and the value
of these cows would be about 859,174,-
864. Wisconsin enjoys no advantage for
the production of dairy products which
is not found in Georgia. In fact, the
climate is much milder here, the coun
try’is equally well watered, and pro
duces a variety of forage and grazing
crops which are unexcelled elsewhere in
the civilized world. Bermuda grass
furnishes a rich and choice grazing
crop for several months of the year,
and may easily be supplemented by the
use of cereals and winter growing
legumes. The silo will preserve such
crops as sorghum and corn in the
choicest condition, and thus enable the
dairyman to have succulent feed all the
year around at a moderate cost. Hay
may be produced from a great variety
of crops, particularly the legumes. It
is thus rich in protein, an element
which the dairy cow needs in large
quantities in her daily ration. The
state produces large quantities of cot
ton seed meal, which is one of the best
concentrates known for use with the
dairy cow, and in proportion to the
food constituents contained is cheaper
than any other foodstuff which the
dairyman can purchase.
A mild climate, a large consuming
market and high prices for dairy prod
ucts throughout the length and breadth
of Georgia. Why should our farmers
continue to negloct a business of such
promise, and which, properly directed,
will enable them to restore their worn
out lands to a higher state of produc
tiveness than when they were first
brought under cultivation by our fore
fathers more than 200 years ago. It
must be that the facts relative to this
business art not known and appreciated
as they should be. Let us forget about
cotton for a little while and devote our
energies to lines of animal industry,
which offers larger and more substan
tial results. By so doing, the price
of cotton will take care of itself. The
acreage of this crop can be greatly re
duced and still a larger output of fiber
obtained than at the present time, for
if we cut down one-third of the area
devoted to cotton and utilize the land
for the maintenance of dairy cows,
enough surplus manure will be obtained
i to so enrich.the land devoted to cotton
that the yield will be materially in
creased.
Georgia should double her dairy in
terests within two years. This can eas
ily be done. Opportunities are now af
forded to the young men of the state to
secure the necessary training and infor
mation through the agency of the State
College of Agriculture. No fees are
charged for courses of this character.
Every encouragement is being afforded
by the state and the institution to young
men who desire to specialize along this
line. Now that a campaign for the
■ eradication of the cattle tick is being
successfully waged in a number of coun.
i ties, the time is at hand when pure-bred
sires may be brought in and maintained
with safety on many fams. This will
enable the farmer to take the native
cows and grade them up rapidly, and
so develop highly profitable strains of
'dairy animals. The outlook for the fu
, ture is most encouraging. What Is
' needed now is a revival along this line,
■ and if a proportion of the young men who
I expect to specialize along agricultural
I lines will equip themselves by education
and, training for this line of work, the
* state will soon be in a position not only
to produce the supplies of butter and
other dairy products needed for home
consumption, but to ship a considerable
' proportion to people of less fortunately
situated commonwealths.
• • •
MANAGEMENT OF BROOD SOW.
W. J. G„ Uvalda, Ga., writes I have
a fine sow that appears to be weak in
her loins. She is two years old and
has brought two litters of pigs this year
I In the first litter there were three dead
| ones, and in the last litter all were dead
’ but two. This was in July and she be
came weak in her loins and has been so
ever since. She has been very fat all
, year, and eats hearty. When she comes
. up to eat she either lies down or sits
up. I have lost three brood sows from
a similar trouble, and would be glad
to know what to do for them.
It is not unusual for brood sows to be
affected with weak loins at the time of
parturition. .This is sometimes the re
sult of a strain or injury received at
that time. Most animals get over this
tr üble in a comparatively short time,
I but when it becomes chronic you can do
little for it except to rub the loins well
with a good camphorated liniment, but
not sufficiently to blister. From what
you say your sow is entirely too fat. it
I is likely that the trouble referred to is
i greatly aggravated through your feed
ing corn exclusively. Sows to be kept in
a healthy condition should have a good
. large range of ground to travel over,
you have a woodland 'where there is
plenty of mast, turn your sow out and
l let her rustle for a while. Cut down
| the ration of porn considerably and feed
I in the place -thereof some shorts in the
I form of thin slop. You will
| also find tankage and blood
I meal ver» helpful. This should be mixed
I with coni in the proportion of ninety
I pounds t>f meal to ten pounds of digester
I • tankage or blood meal. Feed the tnlx-
L ture dry or as a fairly thin slop. Over-
THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1912.
HOG RAISING IN THE.SOUTH
The time has come when the people
of the south must wake up to the fact
that they can and must raise their own
meat. It has been a great hurt to this
section that has depended upon rais
ing cotton alone and buying its meat
from the west or north. Many have
thought the south was not adapted to
hog falsing to any great extent. The
idea was abroad that hogs died of dis
ease worse here than in any other sec
tions. That is a great mistake. If we
maintain the same sanitary conditions
here as elsewhere we will be no more
subject to diseases. The greatest ene
my to hog raising is cholera or swine
plague. Within the past few years
science has discovered that a serum can
be prepared that is a sure preventive
of hog I*holera or swine plague. The
agricultural colleges of many states
are preparing the serum for hog raisers.
In some states appropriations are made
by the legislatures to have this serum
sent free of cost to those who need it.
Other states furnish it at half cost; oth
ers at cost. Besides this, some com
panies prepare and sell this serum at a
reasonable cost, so that the hog raisers
need not lose their hogs of cholera. We
got cholera in our herd last year at
•the fair and lost a few' before we got
the serum. We were successful in stop
ping the disease suddenly and though a
new male purchased later and not vac
cinated took the disease from germs left
in the pasture, no hog in our herd had
it that had been properly treated with
the serum.
Our farmers are learning that hog
raising is not only a safe industry, but
that it is one of the most profitable en
terprises our southern farmers can en
ter upon. It has been proved unmis
takably that hogs can be raised in
Mississippi at about one-half to one
third the cost of raising them in Illi
nois. We do not need expensive hog
barns as they do there. We can have
pas'ure of green food all the year
round and thereby save much feed and
labor. We can grow from two to three
crops on the same land each year; or
HOG CHOLERA SUPPRESSION
During the past few months several
thousand doses of hog cholera serum
have been distributed to farmers of the
state by the veterinary department.
State College of Agriculture, and many
reports of results obtained through its
use have been received. The following
are selected:
Malloy Brothers, Quitman, Ga., after
losing 10 hogs, used serum on 190 head,
11 of which were sick. Only 2 hogs
died after treatment.
Mr. H. O. Stewart, Sylvania, Ga.. had
28 hogs. Serum was used on 22 head.
One hog died after treatment. Os the
C not treated 4 died of cholera.
W. C. Howard, Sylvania, Ga., reports
as follows: Herd consisted of 100 hogs;
8 or 10 died before treatment was ap
plied, after sickness of 15 to 20 days; 90
hogs were treated, 6 or 8 of which were
sick at time of treatment; 5 sick hogs
died after treatment. Os the well hogs
treated with serum none became sick.
Mr. W. D. Dixon, Dublin, Ga., lost 2
hogs before using serum. He treated 9
hogs. None died after treatment. Mr.
feeding is to be avoided with a sow
showing the troubles referred to in
your letter. Keep a bpx containing the
following mixture where she can get at
it at all times:
Wood charcoal, 1 pound.
Sulphur, 1 pound.
Sodium chloride, 2 pounds.
Sodium bicarbonate, 2 pounds.
Sodium hyposulphite, 2 pounds.
Sodium sulphate, 1 pound.
Antimony sulphate, 1 pound.
You should have grazing ’crops for
your hogs to feed on In the summer
and fall. You may plant rape in the
early spring and follow this with areas
devoted to spring oats, Canada peas,
cowpeas, soy beans, peanuts and arti
chokes. You will find sows maintained
on this character of feed sfipplemented
by shorts and corn will retain their
health and vigor and prove profitable
breeding animals.
• • •
FERTILIZING THE OAT CROP.
H. 8., Barnesville, Ga., writes: I am
arranging to sow 100 acres in oats. A
large part of the land is gray, soft,
loamy soil which is not very strong.
What is the best fertilizer tor this
kind of soil? Is a fertilizer contain
ing cotton seed meal injurious to oats
when the guano and seed are put down
together? Are fertilizers made of tank
age. blood, etc., preferable to cotton
seed fheal for this crop?
We think you will find a formula run
ning about 8-2-3 satisfactory for oats
on the gray land referred to in your
letter. There have been some claims
made that cotton seed meal injures the
germinating power of cereals, particu
larly wheat. We have used it as the
basis of fertilizer for oats for a num
ber of years, distributing the seed and
the fertilizer at the same time through
a combination single stalk drill. 1 can
not say that we have observed any in
jury from this method, though we haev
always taken the precaution to use
about two bushels of oat seed per aore
so as to insure a good stand. We think
that if the oat seed and the cotton seed
meal came directly together there might
1 be some injury, but where a furrow has
1 been opened up by a bull-tongue and a
| distributor and seed drill follow behind,
I there will be enough admixture of earth
with the fertilizer and between it and
the seed to prevent much injury. In
this respect we can only quote our own
experience, and state that we would
not hesitatp to follow this method of
fertilizing oats. In fact, we are doing it
again this fall and already we have
seme excellent stands. Os course, tank
age makes an excellent formula to use
under oats. It is an organic source of
1 nitrogen, and you need not hesitate to
■ use it. Wc would be governed by the
relative cost of a formula containing
cotton seed meal and tankage.
• • •
A CHANGE IN DIET NECESSARY
A. L. S., Muford, Ala., writes: I put
my hogs up to fatten about six weeks
ago. One of them does not seem to
fatten at all, although it soems to be
I all right. I have fed them corn, turnips,
I sorghum and kitchen slop. Have also
■ been giving them stock feed. Would like
j to know what to do to make my hog
, fatten.
j Corn of itself is not a satisfactory ra
! tion for the fattening of hogs. If you
will use along with the corn digester
tankage you will find that they will im
prove in physical condition and make
more rapid gains than on corn alone.
Mix together, say 90 to 95 pounds ot
ground corn with 5 to 10 pounds ot
digester tankage and feed as thin slop.
As digester tankage may be difficult
to get. you had better change your ra
tion to one-third shorts and two-thirds
corn. You may still feed the oern
whole, though we think it desirable to
feed the shorts as a camparativeiy thin
ylop in suitable troughs. You should
supply your hogs with a good range so
they may get a sufficient amount of
mineral matter to balance up tho defl-
we can pasture the land six or eight
months and then raise a good crop on
the same land.
We have been raising blooded hogs on
the college farm of the Woman's col
lege for many- years with considerable
success and profit. We find thorough
bred hogs are decidedly best as a pay
ing investment. It takes nearly twice
the feed for a scrub hog to make pork
as a thoroughbred. Put them together
and the blooded hog will be too fat,
while the scrub is too poor on the some
feed and treatment.
After trying several breeds we have
decided that the Duroc-Jersey seems to
us the best hog for the south. They
are most prolific, better mothers, bet
ter grazers, stand heat and cold well,
resist disease well. are hardy and easi
ly raised and kept. We find it wise to
keep them registered and pedigreed.
There, is much in blood of hogs as in
blood of people. We keep only thor
oughbred, registered or subject to reg
istration, and raise our breeding stock
carefully. We find it encouraging to
enter therti in shows and we have taken
our share of prizes. Besides furnishing
fresh pork for the college we sell many
for breeders, as we arc interested in
seeing the south come to the front in
raising fine stock. It is noted for its
fine manhood and its no
ble womanhood. It ought to be noted
for raising fine, blooded stock. It has
climate and soil. All we need to do is
to put our energies into this industry.
There is more profit forth% labor and
expense in hog raising than in cotton.
We have tried both. Hog products
were never so high since the war ana
going higher each year. Wo need to
have the boys "hog club” as well as
"corn club” to encourage our young
men to try this industry. A stock farm
that raises various kinds of stock Is
very fascinating and quite profitable.
Let our farmers of the south give more
attention to stock raising. We believe
the boll weevil will be a blessing to the
south in the end. Twenty-five years
from now the south could afford to
erect a monument to the boll weevil
for the good it has accomplished in
driving our people against their will
into something else besides raising cot
ton.
Dixon writes as follows: "I used your
hog cholera serum and got fine results.
1 believe it will prevent hog cholera, for
my neighbors lost from one-half to
three-fourths of their herds, and I did
not lose one after I used your treat
ment. The hogs that were treated went
out on the range and were safe."
These reports show the results which
have been obtained through the use of
hog cholera serum in infected herds
in various sections. The veterinary de
partment, State College of Agriculture,
has on hand a large supply of serum
all of which has been tested and found
to possess the power of preventing chol
era in hogs. Tfce serum is supplied
to farmers at 2 1-2 cents per cubic
centimeter, and the dose is 20 to 30
cubic centimeters per 100 pounds live
weight. Orders for serum should be Ac
companied by check or money order.
Syringes for administering serum are
furnished at cost, $4, and may be re
turned if desired, and the price will be
refunded. Full directions for adminis
tration accompany all shipments.
ciency. of corn in this particular element.
You will find that they will fatten to
better advantage if given a fair degree
of liberty so thej’ majr secure plenty ot
exercise. Green crops "Are not likely to
be available at this season of the year,
but if you have some let them graze
over them, and the mass in the woods
will be of some value also. We think
by giving variety to the ration you will
improve the condition of all your
j hogs. We do not think you will
i gain anything by giving stock food. The
change suggested in the ration will
prove more beneficial, in our judgment,
than the use of the material referred
to. The variety in your ration is to be
commended, but be sure that .the kitchen
, shops do not contain alkali soaps or
1 other materials likely to prove injurious
; to the digestive tract. You should rc
: member that some individual animals
■ will nbt fatten readily no matter what
ration you give them, and it may be that
i you have one hog in this lot which can
I never be fattened satisfactorily.
OAT AND CORN CLUBS IN BUTTS
COUNTY.
W. M. H., Jackson. Ga., writes: The
farmers of Butts county have organized
an oat and corn club to compete for a
prize, and I would like to know what
fertilizer to use to get the best results
on oats and also on corn, and what is
the best method of- planting and cul
tivating.
It is certainly commendable that the
farmers of Butts county have organized
an oat and corn club. It will be a great
1 pleasure to us to assist this movement
in every possible way, and if the farm
ers will emulate the example of the
boys and girls’ clubs with anything like
the same degree of success, the a£rfMYf
tural interests of tho state will be"maß
terially advanced and the farmers put on
a better economic basis than at present.
Os course, the fertilizer which will
give the best results on oats depends
considerably on the soil and its previous
cropping. If you can plant the oats
on land where cowpeas were cultivated
this year, so much nitrogen will not be
needed as if put on land devoted to
corn or cotton. On good clay land, we
believe an 8-2-3 will be iound about
right for oats. Where one is endeavor
ing to make an exceptionally large yield
at least 500 pounds per acre should be
used. If you can secure a little manure
to top dressing the land so much the
better. We would advise the breaking
of the land to a depth of six or eight
inches, and then thoroughly pulverized
by means of a disk. If a good rain falls
before the oats are planted so much the
better as it will tend to firm the soil.
Cereal crops need rather a firm seed
bed. If manure is available use it as
a top dressing, scattering it over the
surface of- the ground and working in
with a disk. If your land is sandy, we
would suggest the use of 9 per cent
of phosphorus, 2 per cent of nitrogen
and not Tess than 3 to 4 per cent of
potash. Use the same amount per acre
las suggested for the red clay land. It
; is more important that you have vege-
I table matter in the soil through the
turning under of green crops or the use
of yard manure on sandy than on clay
soil. In the spring of the year as
: scon as grow'th starts, w’e would apply
not less than 50 to 70 pounds of ni
trate of soda as a top dressing, mak
ing the second application say about
thirty days later. The second applica-
1 tion should be put on not less than
j two weeks before the oats begin to
, bunch to tassel. You should treat the
oats for smut, using formaldehyde for
j this purpose.
We believe these suggestions careful
i ly followed will enable you to raise a
■ good crop. It is, of course, very im
portant that the oats be seeded at once.
We think the season is now getting late
for the planting Os this crop where the
best yields are anticii>ated After the
first of November, we would advise In
most instances that the oats be put in
I by the open furrow method.
Kansas Is Going
To the Dogs, Says
Agricultural Head
(By Associated Press.)
HUTCHINSON, Kan., Nov. 20.—"N0
people whose land owners neglect ani
mal husbandry and deify the dog can
have any considerable permanent pros
perity.;’ said F. D. Coburn, secretary of
the Kansas board of agriculture, in an
address yesterday before the state agri
cultural and industrial congress here
His declaration that Kansas is going
to the dogs in a literal way, Mr. Co
burn based upon figures showing a de
crease since 1882 of 78 per cent in the
number of sheep raised in the state and
an Increase of 54 per cent in the num
ber of dogs.
“Thirty years ago we had 806,000
sheep and 199,000 dogs. The one de
teriment to profitable sheep husbandry
In Kansas is the worthless dog.”
■■■! mHI ■ ■ hill ÜBll iiiib»
I Which Man Are You? Address
x
Rz*^ Stor ® The man who sends his voice to
S' I transact matters of business, to make social
j I calls, to summon help in emergencies? \ t| Booklet
/ \ F°r this man the telephone does these things *
f /k/BM uni instantly and with no limit on time or distance. <
f Neighbors — Mill 1 That is the reason why thousands of farmers
I 1 \ / I find it profitable to use
\ J Western I
Rural Telephones I
______ Or, are you this man who must hitch up and drive,
|^ z X*s7 orc T Air lose time on the road, and miss the highest prices for your
fa crops because you are not in close touch with the market?
f The man without a telephone has a big handicap. If vou
/ K \ are that man, get a Western Electric Telephone.
! \ Mail coupon for free illustrated book on rural
/ \ telephones. Tells how to build a telephone line.
H ’mISI western electric company
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i m hi- 1 ~n" l |r
II I I MSB
The Land That
Put the Profits
Into Farming!
It’s down in South Georgia. In Tift County.
It’s called TIFT FARMS. It lies close to
and around the cities of Tifton, Urbana, Chula
and Harding.
This land is owned outright, without encumbrance
or option, by Captain H. H. Tift, one of Tift coun
ty’s pioneers, a millionaire lumberman, and one of
Georgia’s best known and most highly respected
citizens. It was purchased by Captain Tift many
years ago and the timber gradually cut away.
The cleared land has now been laid off by Captain Tift in tracts of
from five acres to four hundred and ninety acres, and is placed on the mar
ket by him not for profit, but for the purpose of settling his county with a
desirable class of thrifty, industrious and substantial people.
This.land is what is known as “wire grass” land. It is composed
of the famous South .Georgia “red pebbly soil,” than which there is
nothing more fertile, more productive and more easily tilled and cul
tivated.
On this land may be grown in profusion, all grain and vegetable
crops, truck, fruit, nuts and cotton. The soil is absolutely virgin—
never before touched by a plow—and is strong and vigorous. Three
crops a year is the rule.
The climate is mild and healthy. The water is pure. Malaria, fe
vers and other diseases are extremely rare.
AH these tracts are close to excellent transportation and to the best
markets of Georgia, Alabama and other States. Tifton is on four com
peting lines of railway and enjoys excellent train service and equitable
freight rates.
The county and the city are notable for the great preponderance of
white citizens and for their cleanliness and progressiveness.
For the man who wishes a truck farm or a piece of land of any size for any
agricultural purpose this offer is of great and genuine interest. Investigation will
reveal that the closer you look into the proposition the better it becomes. Write
today for particulars.
Send the Coupon h. h. Tift. Jr.,
Tifton, Ga.
» Send me at once complete particulars of Tift Farms
j'j.A ■ as described in Semi-Weekly Journal.
For complete information
about Address ..........................................
TIFT FARMS Size tract preferred
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5
