Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, February 25, 1916, Image 4

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Atlanta semi-weekly journal., February 25, 1916, Page 4, Image 4

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Newspaper Page Text4 THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL ATLANTA. GA-, 5 SOITH FCISTTI ST. Entered at the Atlanta Pcatoritce as Mall Matter of th* Second Class. JAMES B GUY, President and Editor. SUBSCBIFTIOM FBXOE. Twelve months Six months Three months 36c The SemA-Weekly Journal Is published on Tuesday and Friday, and is mailed by the shortest routes for early delivery. * It contains news from all over the world, brought by «pecia< leased wires Into our office It has a staff t>t distinguished contributors, with strong d: pertinents of value to the home and the farm. Agents wanted at every >o«toffice. Liberal commie etoa allowed Outfit free. Write R. It. BRADLEY, Circuiutlon Manager. The only traveling representatives we have are B. F. Bolton. C. C. Coyle. L. H. Kimbrough. Chaa. H. Woodllff and L J. Farris. We will be responsible only for mone_. paid o the above-nameu traveling represe it attvea / MOTXCE TO SUBBCMIBEBg. Tts» label u*co for addressing your paper »bow» the time yew Mbscriptton ezpires. Ey teaewins at leaat two weeM before the date on tide label, you insure regular service. In ordering rape.- changed, be sure to mention your old. a* well a* your new addreee. If co a route pleaae give tne rente woaiber. We caan.'t eater •inscriptions to begin with beck sum hers. Remittance should bo sent by postal order or registered ■ail. Address all oedere and notice, to- this department »e THE SBMI weekly JOURNAL Atlanta. Gt. The South s Live Stock Increase. The South's progress in the production ot live stock, particularly food animals, is shown by recent reports of the National Department of Agriculture. On January 1. 1916. the South had 6,604,000 milch cows, as compared with 6.253,000 on sgme date of 1914. a gain of 450.000. Within the same period other cattle increased from 13.4 79,000 to. 14.343.- 000. a gain of 860.000. Froffi 914 to 19P6 there was an increase of 3.005,000 in swine and of 53,000 in mules. In the same time there was a decrease ofr 53.000 in the number of horses and of 168,000 in the number of sheep. In live stock as a whole, however, the South shows a gain of 4,052.000. or approximately seven per cent, since 1914. This percentage of increase, as the Manufacturers' Record points out. is much greater than the gain in population during the period. These figures are significant and encouragihg in that they show improvement in the very fields where Southern production heretofore has been most deficieut. The.v indicate a broadening of our agricultural system, a tendency to raise on the farm everything that is needful for the subsistence of the farm family, a breaking away trom the one crop tyranny and the achievement of substantial results in the methods of diversification. Much of the -increase noted falls interestingly enough with in the twelvemonth from the autumn of 1914 and that of 1915. the seasons during which the South was brought face*to face with the perils and penal ties of the all-cotton plan of farming. The bitter but wholesome lessons of that experience evidently have been turned to good account. As Southern farmers raise more livestock they will raise more food crops as well; their soil will grow richer instead of poorer; their fundamental resources will be conserved instead of dissipated; they will become more prosperous and indepen dent; and. thus enriched in their basic fortunes, the South's entire interests will move more vigor ously forward. ; - v The New Army Bill. • Wlftle the army bill on which the House Mili tary Committee has agreed tentatively is not just such a measure as the more thoroughgoing advo cates of preparedness desire, it marks an important step in the great task of strengthening the nation's defense. Some authorities, though they are com paratively few. believe that the only means by which the United States can obtain an adequate army is universal military service, enforced by conscription. Others contend that the so-called Continental Army plan urged by former Secretary Garrison is the surest and safest solution of the problem. Still others hold that the simplest and moat truly American method lies in reorganizing and federalizing the National Guard. Regardless of theoretical merits or disadvantages, the con scription idea may be dismissed, so far as present discussion is concerned because it would not be accepted or tolerated by the American people. Os the two remaining plans, the Continental Army proposal seems to have impressed most military students as being superior, and it has been pre ferred by the Administration. Evidently, however, the House-Committee and Congress as a whole is inclined to nsc the National Guard as a base and starting point in developing an efficient and ade quate army of defense. The country is more interested in results than in methods. If a competent army reserve can be secured through a reorganization of the National Guard, well enough. The important thing is that something definite and substantial be done without delay, There is nothing magical in any particular plan, but some feasible, productive plan is imper ative. The fact that the House Committee is now essentially in accord is a cheering omen. The heedless opponents of all preparedness plans are becoming less garrulous if not more thoughtful. There is reason to hope that in the near future a substantial program of military as well as naval defense will be made operative. Holland's Hyphens. America is not the only land troubled with "hyphens.” Recent dispatches tell of vigorous op position in the Dutch parliament to bills for natur alizing twenty-odd residents of German birth. "No objection.'.' the story goes, "was made to them per sonally. but members pointed regretfully to the case of other naturalized aliens who at a critical time had shown themselves more loyal to the land of th'eir origin than to Holland.” . That is just the problem wjth which the United States has been confronted. Under the hospitable terms of our Government, the naturalized citizen enjoys the same privileges as the native born, and newcomers are welcomed with an open hand. It Is assumed that they seek our shores because they find here a more abundant measure of freedom and opportunity than the Old World offers. Yet. since the outbreak of the present war some -American residents of foreign birth, some of them naturalized, have joined in alien plots to destroy our Indus-. Ties and nullify the nation's laws. Fortunately, the number has not been large. The majority of our naturalized citizens, whether ->f Teutonic or other origin, are loyal. But the ex .ceptions have been irritating and In some cases so dangerous that they have focussed attention upon a menace of which heretofore we hardly dreamed. Money and Men. Mathematical forecasts of the outcome of the war are more ingenious than important, because human destiny like human nature is a most un mathematical affair. It is none the less interesting, however, to compare the resources of the belliger ents in terms of money and men. and from their relative strength surmise the probable result. The Allies so far have spent more money and have lost more men than have the Teutons together with the Turks and Bulgarians. The London Econ omist, a reliable authority, calculates that up to April the first next the war will have cost the Al lies approximately twenty-seven and a quarter bil lion dollars, and their enemies some seventeen bil lions. It is noteworthy, however, that while the cost to the Allies is distributed among four first-class na tions. Great Britain, France, Russia and Italy, not to spea'k of Belgium and Serbia, the cost to the other side is borne almost entirely by Germany and Aus tria. Turkey and Bulgaria being well-nigh negligible for financial sinews. Furthermore, as the Economist points oitf. the figures of the war-cost assume a very different aspect when we compare them with the national wealth, the national income and the normal savings of ‘the belligerent groups. Thus while the Teutonic alliance is spending fifteen and seven-tenths per cent of its national wealth, the Entente group is spending only eleven and three tenths of its national wealth. The expenditures of the Entente Powers thus far are about ninety three per cent of their normal income, while that of the Teutons is one hundred and twenty per cent. All the combatants, of course, are spending Jar more than they ordinarily save, but the excess is considerably greater on the part of the Teutons than on the part of the Allies. It is estimated that at the present rate it would require six years to exhaust the financial resources of the Teutons, and nine years to exhaust those of the Allies. As of money, so of men. It is reckoned that'up to December the first, 1915* the Allied losses in killed numbered nine hundred and sixty-seven thou sand. five hundred, those of the Teutons in killed eight hundred and eighty-five thousand, five hun dred. A London correspondent of the New York Herald draws an interesting comparison between these figures and the populations of the countries concerned. His table, showing the percentage of the killed to the total of population in each case follows: Percentage. Population. Killed. British Empire4o2,7ol,ooo .00028 France and colonies. .. . 89,222,000 .00303 Russia 175,000,000 .00251 Belgium 7,600,000 .00355 Italy 36.000.000 .00200 Serbia 4.600,000 .00587 Moatenegro 435,000 .01034 Total for A11ie5715,558.000 .00135 Germany 66,835,000 .00725 Austria 51,505,000 .OOGI9 Turkey 20,600,000 .00213 Bulgaria 4,767,000 .00755 Total for Teut0n5.,143,707,000 .00616 It thus appears that while Great Britain has lost twenty-eight .men out of etery ten thousand of its population, the Teutons have lost seven hundred and twenty-five; and that while the Allies as a whole are losing one hundred and thirty-five men in every ten thousand of population, their enemies are losing six hundred and sixteen. As the corres pondent sums it up. "The Teutonic forces are being killed at a rate nearly five times as rapid as the Allies.” In this as in all wars there are other important factors than the amount of money and the number of men each side can muster. But in a contest of economic and human endurance such as this evi dently is. the superior resources of the Allies inev itably will tell. In a six-months war or a one-year war. the efficiency and preparedness of the Teutons might have sufficed to bring them victory. But in a prolonged struggle, where staying-powers count for more than brilliancy and skill, the Allies’ prepond erance in both money and men is of vast if not decisive importance. The Next Southeastern Fair. The plans announced for the Southeastern Fait of 1916 show how swiftly and substantially the enterprise- which was Inaugurated last autumn is growing. The initial group of exhibits then as sembled at Lake wood park was creditable indeed, but it was merely the base and starting point of truly great expositions to come. The Corn Show and Cattle Show and industrial displays which then rewarded everyone of the thousands of visitors are to be multiplied over and over again, and this year they will attract tens of thousands of people from every part of Georgia and neighboring States. The fundamental purpose of the Southeastern Fair is educational and constructive. It is intend ed to portray more broadly and more vividly than ever before the resources of this region, and there by to quicken their development. As regards agri culture. its aim is to emphasize the possibilities and importance of food production. As regards industry, its design is to stress the achievements and opportunities of our native manufactures. But its scope is not limited to spheres of material en deavor. It looks beyond factories and fields to the civic and social and broadly human interests of the Southern people. It purposes to show what they are doing and can do in the matter of schools and health and community ideals. Supplementing these educational plans is gen erous provision for entertainment. The Fair Asso ciation has closed, or soon will clo*v», contracts for amusement features that will represent in the way of investments on park grounds between seventy five and a hundred thousand dollars. Particularly interesting is the ffTinouncenient that a mile race track encircling the lake is being pressed to comple tion. and that during the next Fair Atlanta will be included in the Grand Racing Circuit. Every day between now and October the four teenth, which will mark the opening of the first of the representative Southeastern Fairs, will be filled with preparation. Indeed, the Fair management has been preparing throughout the winter. It is working on big. broad plans. It is working with earnestness and foresight and substantial resources. The result, we may be sure, will he worthy of At lanta and of the Southeast. Where is the old-fashioned eastern capitalist who predicted the end of the war in three months? The German question seems to have settled down to a definition of what constitutes a "loaded” ship. THE ATLANTA SEMI WEEKLY JOURNAL. ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1916. American Inventors .Driven to Beat Europe *. —y , Zs. ' BY HERBER.V (COREY. . NEW YORK. Feb. 21—Afi,'African manufacturer the other day discussed of oppor tunity which has followed tile war. “Do you know what I think tAe American coat of arms should have been?" he asked. No one knew. “A chump tampant on a field of gold," said he. Because we were overlooking so many things, our politicians and 'lecturers and editorial writers were de claring that nothing could ever assainbe like it used to be. They wept over the good old days, when fortune kept knocking at every man's elbow. Yet today is lletter than yesterday ever was. There are more opportunities now than there ever have been. Columns might be filled with tiie recital. is the manganese incident, roc example. Man ganese enters in some way into the manufacture of dry batteries for electric torches. We had all the raw ma terial here, but it did not occur to Us to make the stuff. We went on buying it at from 30 to 40 cents a pound of the Germans, who loudly asserted they had the only process. Then the war came. The tierijiaiis could not deliver manganese to our manufacturers. One manufac turer secured a larger contract to deliver pocket torches to the armies of the allies. “I must have manganese," said he. Well, there you are. He called his experts into a loom and browbeat them. The experts found objections. The Germans had a patent on the" process for one thing. The American patent plan is devised for the benefit of foreigners. An American can only hold a patent in Germany by paying a regular annual sum. Over here the German can hold a patent until the cows come home —if he can beat in the courts those who infringe it. The manufacturer went away from his experts in a passion. I "You make that manganese for me,” said he. So they did it. They are nojK making a better quality for 1 1-2 cents a pound than he used to pay 30 and 40 cents a pound for. The Germans threatened suit, it is true. After investigation, however, they gave that thought up. Quartz glass is another item of the same sort. All the world has been buying quartz glass from Germany. It could not be had anywhere else. Pretty nearly every one had to ha.ve it. Quartz glass, you understand, is acid proof and heat proof and the only substitute for platinum. Crucibles and test tubes and retorts used in chemical laboratories are made from it. If no quartz glass were to be had the chemists would simply have, to go out of business. That could not be permitted, because they ate busier today than they ever have been in our history. So Americans began to make quartz glass. It was the easier because the sand from which quartz glass is made is only to be found in Nebraska. Americans had been contentedly shipping that sand all over the world for other people to turn into a finished product. “Chumps rampant on a field of gold.’’ Thermometers are a modern necessity. Everything is a necessity. for that matter. But the world could hardly get along without thermometers now. The war stopped the importing of thermometers from Austria. For this reason and that -Austria has had-almost a monopoly of the manufacture of thermometers, just as she has of meerschaum pipes. American glassmakers- be gan receiving calls for thermometers “We cannot make them," they said, placidly. “You must make them,” said America. 8o the glassmakers scuttled about and found two Austrians who understood how to blow the thermometer tubes. It appears the process is rather a complicated one. The glassmakers put the two under contract at a sum per day which spelled riches to the simple Aus-» trians. and set* them to teachig other men how to make the tubes. » . - “One of the two over-ate himself, and died,” said the glassmaker who told the story. That left only one Austrian, but he turned out a class of pupils. Now all the thermometers the United States needs are being turned out nere. They might have been made here before. But no one, seems to have thought of it. No one can coqxpete with our plate glass factories. Even Belgium, the glass center of the world, is outdone by Pittsburg along some lines. But it seems, never to have occurred to anyone to make thermometers. At one time it looked as though indelible pencils were to go off the market here. The indelible in'the pencil is made of a combination of coal tar dye and a peculiar sort of binder clay. Being forced to it, the Aqveqcan chemists were able to produce a d.ye which was Just as. good, but the clay was lacking. Then some unknown t American turned up with a field of binder clay which was quite as good as the old world article, and when indeli ble pencils become a need they can be supplied. We could have supplied them before if we had worked at it. The small cables by which some electric lights are turned off and on are'insulated by beads. We lead the world in electric appliances and tn the use of elec tricity. But some genius in Austria had convinced us that he. and he only, could make those small beads. He got away with it, too. He had what amounted to a monopoly. Then the war shut him off and automatically quickened the processes of the American brain. Being driven to it. some one thought and, presto: the bead is produced, and is a better bead than the old one. and cheaper. We produce more high-speed machinery than all the rest of the world —and better, machinery—but we have been buying the steel for the highest speeds of the. Krupps in Germany. Being good, easy men, we pre ferred buying to thinking. The Krupps furnished the high-speed steel at a price that did not encourage our steel makers to go Into the business. So the automo bile crank-shafts and the high-speed tools and the- like were all made of this German steel. When the war came Krupp had no more of it to export, even if condi tions had permitted. "At one time H looked as thougn our automobile business would be seriouslv crippled,” said a manu facturer. • "We went on making automobiles, but the crank shafts and bearings might not have continued to be all tbev might have been. So the auto makers sent in a hurry call to the steel men. The high-speed American steel today is just as good as the Krupp steel. Because the steel men had to hurry they installed electrical processes. They had known about «ne electrical pro cesses for some years, but had never bothered with them. Europe had. But, then, Europe before the war’ was filled with hard thinkers. As a side issue to the automobile business, an American magneto is now being made which is as good as the best German magneto. The German magnetos were so good that the French stripped motor ears and placed them on military aero planes. The benefit this country will obtain from the war — which may be a selfish but is also a truthful way of stating the ease—is not confined to the profit to be made from the sale of war goods. It has forced us to install new and improved processes which must neces sarily remain installed when the war ends. It is to be assumed we will not drop maufactur-ng lines in which experience proves we can compete with Europe under normal conditions unless congress so tangles the tariff schedules as to make their • continuance impossible. When the war began it seemed likely that the maufac ture of photographic films must be e*scontinued. Then sone chemical genius found a substitute for the item once bought in Europe which was oetter than the original. We are making nitric acid from the ajr, just as the Austrians are doing. A salve made from wool enters into the manufacture of most beauty creams. The Germans had the monopoly once. Now it is being made in a dozen plants in this country. Agriculture will benefit. Yf has become a custom of late to fertilize thin lands by the use of potash from the German mines. This -is a costly process, and one which does not permanently benefit the soil. The single crop that is thus fertilized estnup all the strength of the potash. By proper cultural methods the land might be improved so that equally good crops can be produced as by the potash method.v This has the advantage of enforcing a rotation in crops. The south learned in 1915 that rotation is safe.for reasons other than soil fertility. No single crop will ever again be king there. "In the end the individual farmer would make a greater profit if he abandoned the use of potash and depended upon agricultural science." said a government expert. <• * < Americans are being ma.tte to think, and to Utilize hitherto wasted materials and opportunities.. They are entrenching themselves against the industrial war which must follow the great struggle irt Europe. (Copyright, 1916,, by. Herbert Corey.) PHILIPPINE PROBLEMS, - IL—Teaching and Cleaning Ep. BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. * WASHINGTON, D. C„ Feb. 17.—Affairs in the < Philippines are going through a .critical I’4* , riod. The complex system of education and administration that we built us is getting its final test We know that the organization is efficient, it will work. We have ’still to find out what effect its work- , ings have on the mass of the Philippine people—iha how far they are willing or capable of receiving it-s • benefits. . • • • is the question of the English language, for instance. The whole school system of tbs islands has been making every effort since its inception to teach its little brown pupils the tongue of tneir new country. English today is more generally understood than Span ish ever was, though Spain held the Philippines for centuries. You can get about the more easily speaking English than with any one of the Filippino diolects It. would 'seem that the English-teaching campaign has been a great success, and this is Uh aoubterly the case to a great extent. Yet there are intelligent Americans who believe that.the lower-grade school work should be carried on in the native dialects. • • • They say that the many thousands of Filipino children of the poorer classes only go’ to school for a few years. spend most of that Time learning the . new language. Then they go home, take up their na tive dialect again, and forget what English they knew. According to this theory it would be better to take them for the limited time at the disposal and give them as much solid, general instruction as possi ble in their own tongue. Thus they could get some thing out of the school that they would retain. • • • • - ' ; . The weight of opinion in the-islands is against such a course. There is no literature worth mentioning in any Filipino dialect. There are none of tbz works of Information, or books on how to do. things, that Eng lish is rich in. In a word, the English language as a tool is incomparably superior to any native dialect, and even the majority never make use of it. and step toward establishing it fas a step ip G e right direction. But the mere fact that such a dispute exists’shows that the school question is not solved. •• • • Admitting this, there is no doubt as to the re markable work done by she bureau or education. It is the bureau nearest the people. Many of the other bureaus have to work through it. It teaches over half a million pupils, and employs nine thousand Filipino teachers. It has done more, pernaps, to establish friendship and confidence between tne people and the government than any other single influence. wt, cannot regard its work as done, its future as a mere matter of routine development. The permanence of its results has yet to be established. The present school system cannot accommodate more than half of all the children of school age in the islandav • • • The education of the hill tribes is just beginning. They present a problem much more difficult than the civilized Filipino. Shy, savage, superstitious, they have to be humored and coaxed, with Infinite patience and tolerance. If the Filipinos are given charge of the government of trie islands? one of the surest tests of their spirit and their ability will be the W’ay they carry on the education of the Ifugaos and Mansyans. • • • » The Filipino himself often displays -a keen appetite for knowledge. There are two higher schools at Nta nila with a combined enrollmeht of over twelve hun dred, as well as the university' of the Philippines. The latter institution is very popular, but most of the O’oung Filipino college men take courses in letters and the fine arts. In the present stage of development of the country, it would be much . better if they cared more for the sciences and engineering. > , ’ i • • f Th the lower schools, a very successful feature is the work in manual training. It is no mere side-line, more ,'or less of a mere novelty, as It is in the United States..'. A,n old Spanish ,friar many, ysars ago said that the brains of the" Filipinos are in their fingers. They‘are dexterous 4n the most delicate operations to a high degree. Hence the manual training work pr>o< duces some fine results, with a true professional finish," unlike the’ patently amateurish products usually turned out by strtffi departments. In these manual training rooms may'be founded new industries for the islands. The work has been greatly, .stimulated.. • one of-the most important works of the bureau of ’T IS a good thing to have a jiet animal in the I household, a family dog or a family cat. It is particularly desirable if there are small children in the family. Some parents make it a point to have a puppy as a pet for their small child. The child and the puppy grow up together, and it is the parents’ be lief that the companionship is of distinct educa tional value to the child. Tliere is a sound basis for this belief. The child’s‘interest in the dog is of benefit in many ways. - The young dog’s activity and playfulness stim ulate the play instinct in the child,, and thus prompts him to healthful exercise. As dog and child romp and play together, the child’s muscular development is promoted, and the "fun” he finds in playing with the dog quickens all his physical processes. '■ ' His imagination is also stimulated, the child taking pleasure in devising new and amusing modes of play with his little pet. Then, too. there is a beneficial influence on the child's morals. The impulse of sympathy is awak ened in him. his fondness for his dog has a mellow ing effect on the child's whole nature. Os course it- may be necessary at times to re strain him from playing too roughly with the ac tive PdPP v - It necessary to correct him if. in a thoughtless momeiit, he teases his ani mal friend. x ~, Bui this itself offers to the intelligent, parent splendid opportunity for the cultivation.in his .child of traits it is desirable for the child to have. An interesting illustration of what may be done in this respect is related by Pastor Witte, in .his- A man went into a stdre to buy a’ fountain peh.. ’The young saleswoman gave him one to t.y, and he covered several sheets of paper with the words "Tempos fugiL” The obliging 'en deuse offered nun another pen. • Perhaps,” she said, "you'd like one of these stubs bet ter, Mr. Fugit." . • ' . .Hm. the accused, was explaining to the court just how he came to be caught with the goods. "Yo" see. jedge, hit. war jest a cujrioug coincidence. Ah were gwine home by ol’ man Johnson s pUtce, an sumpn nius’ ha' Skeered the chiek’ns. One ol’ fool rooster he flew right squar' into ma arms. An' he was «o skeered he jes' hung fas' to me, an 1 Ah was so skeered Ah jes' hung to him. An* befo' Ah could make him leggo ol' man Johnson he come '‘round' an’ things natchelly look a 11'1 mite suspTshus?’—Judge. , Wise —John, I saw in the paper that a nautidal mile is nearly a seventh more than a land mile. Why is that,. T wonder? Husband—Well—er —you know, my dear, thatchings swell in the Water!” Private A. —Wot kind of cigarettes have you got? Private B (handing him one) —Flor de Kichener. , Private A (takes a few puffs and throws it away, remarking)—They would floor better men than Kitch ener. ’ • ' «« • . Trustee —We're thinking of putting up a nice motto over your desk to encourage the children. How would ,’Knoweldge is wealth" do? Teacher—Not at all. The children know what my salary is. HOUSEHOLD PETS BY H. ADDINGION BRUCE. QUIPS AND Q UIDDITIES < education has been the way it spread the propaganda dg the bureau of health. The health bureau work n the Philippines is as fundamentally important as the 'same work in th? Canal Zone, and tne tesults achieved have been as great. We.found the islands in a state >f almost “unbelievable uncleanliness, swept peiiocLcally by >ll the plagues of Egypt, and every step forward . was made against forces of ignorance and superstition. There-were a few educated and intelligent natives who realized that conditions needed bettering, but t«iat was about as far as they got. The health service fought the cholera until instead of sweeping away a third of a city, the plague only a few hundred victims. On one occasion tne peo ple of Manila would not believe that cnolera was among them because the deaths were so few. There axe still outb'rettks at intervals, but the machinery for fighting the disease is sS well organized that the .old panics at its approach are a thing of the past. The bubonic plague has been put down by campaigns of rigorous sanitation, and a strict quarantine systenu All this work is being done among a people who used to close every window’ tightly at night—and still do, very often —because they believe in an evil spirit that wanders around in the darkness. The work against small-pox has been carried on by means of extensive vaccination, with results even bet ter than were hoped for. Some of the most hostile of the -vVild tribes were won over by means of cures that seemed to them miraculous. The whole record of san itary work is one for the United States to be pioud of —but it cajinot be regarded as finished. It has not reached the stage where it will run along on its own momentum.-' The Philippines used to be considered a particularly unhealthy place to live. Our army m 4898 suffered a hundred times more from sickness than from bullets. Mindanao, southernmost of the large islands, and home of the Moros, used to be called the only "white man s .country’,’ in the. archipelago. That Is, if you could . escape being sliced with i bolo or a barong, the chances were that you wouldn't die of fever. But the rest of the Philippines were classed with the African West Coast. Nowadays that theory is thoroughly exploded, but it took some of the best medical and sanitary work of the century to do It, and it takes more of the same to maintain it. When the Filipinos take the tiller in their hands, one of their biggest responsibilities will be to to prevent the islands from slipping back into the state that killed tens of thousands under the regime of the Spaniards. Two problems in. the sanitary and medical cam paign remain, which the health service is just begin i ning to attack. All the work done cholera, plague I and small-pox is regarded by some of the more en thusiastic Americans as a mere preliminary. The great work, they say, is still to be done in fighting tubercu losis, which is fearfully prevalent, and in fighting the infant mortality. • • • Half the Philippine babies die before they are. a year old. This 1» due partly to lacjj of stamina, on ac count of early marriages, and partly to the ignorance of the mothers. The child of a twelve-year-old mother and a fifteen-year-old father cannot be expected to have much of a constitution. When the mother feeds him boiled rice when he is two weeKs old, it does not help much. The health service, working hand in hand with the bureau of education, has made some progress in cor recting such conditions, but there ls» a great deal still to be done. The work, among the wild men still calls for infinite tact and patience. Now and agam the tribe is stampeded by some superstitious fear, or takes up some miraculous healer of its own who is a good deal worse than useless. One such healer, the celebrated Queen of Taytay, started a cholera epidemic by dis tributing water full of the germs as a specific. • • • If we turn the Philippines over to native govern ment,' they will carry with them, among many others, twese two great tasks unfinished— education and sanlta- A rfatibn, of eight million people, one-eighth of them savage, fnust be kept on the road toward intelli gent self-jrovgrjjment. An archipelago with a land area Os 120,000 square miles must be kept free from a dozen virulent disease* that ravaged it up to a few years ago and free from the filth that was long thought an inev itable concomitant of the Orient. It is a big contract. enlightening account of the early training of his sori, Karl. One day, as Witte tells the story, when several visitors were present, the little Karl caught the family dog by the tail and dragged the dog toward him. At once his father put out his hand, and caught Karl himself by the hair, which was some hat long. Karh astonished and embarrassed, re leased the dog. and his father in turn released him. Then the father, demanded: “How did you like'that?'* “Not at all.” “Well, then, did you think the dog liked it? Now. leave the room, and think about this.” Witte adds: , “1 sent him out, not only as a punishment, but because T saw tlpt some of my guests were about to take bis part and to blame me—in his presence! —for my treatment of him. But one of them, speaking suddenly said: “ ‘God bless you, dear friend. If Karl, as I be lieve he is certain to do. shall grow to be a good man. he will thank you heartily for this lesson. “ *1 wish to heaven we thus and always handled our children. Then they would be sure to'learn to treat animals kindly, and by so much the more to treat their fellow men kindly.’ ” » Give your child a pet—preferably a voung. active, good-natured dog. Encourage your child to play with his pet. If necessary, give him lessons in thoughtfulness as Witte did. And. as soon as he is old enough, Intrust him with the feeding and care of his puppy, now grown to be the’ farhily dog. You will find, as many parents have found, that this procedure is indeed of developmental signif icance. (Copyright. 1 916, by H. A. Bruce. I A man was. brought before a police court charged with abusing his team and using loud and profane lan guage on the street. One of the witnesses was a pious old negro, who was submitted to a short cross-examina tion. , , "Did the defendant use improper language while he was bea’ting his horse?' asked the lawyer. "Well, he talke mighty loud, su'n." "Did he. indulge’ in- profanity?” The witness seemed puzzled. The lawyer put the question in another way. •> "What I mean, Uncle Ans, is did he use words that would be improper for your minister to use in a ser mon?” “Oh. yes, sun—yes. sulf." the old man replied, with a grin that revealed the full width of his immense mouth, "but dey'd*have to be ’ranged diffrunt.” - Backwardgiad forward he paced. h:s eyes wild and rolling, his face haggard. As the minutes passed hla agitation increased. • “Will she never come? Will she never come." »ra wailed wildly. "Already it is fifteen minutes past the appointed time, and yet she is not here." He pressed his hands to his fevered brow and waited. He tried to sit in vain, <Oll waited. He gazed through the window and went on waging. At last! Ah! The sound of little footsteps on the stairs, lie turned to the door, eager, excited. Ves, it was she’. ‘•You have come, then? he gasped, dizzy with de light. as he grabbed his hat. Yes the stenographer had come ba k and it was a*W hi? turn to go out to luncheon.