About Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 8, 1916)
Agricultural |||& SUCCE3SrUL E4H®G ■ ■ This department will cheerfully enoeavor to furnish any Information. Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, pesident State Agri cultural College, Athns. Ga. THE ADVANTAGE OF A SILO With the development of our live stock industries comes the necessity of pro viding an abundance of cheap food, eepeciaily in the winter season when pastures are not available or difficult to establish and maintain. What shall the farmer use under the circumstances is naturally a very pertinent question. In years gone by dry feeds were depended on and they answered the purpose fairly well. Os course at best they were not satisfactory substitutes for grass, which by reason of its succulent nature is ex tremely palatable and a wholesome fool for live stock to consume, as well as tending by its very nature to keep the digestive system in good condition. . Feeds of this character, however, are r frequently dusty and moldly. difficult to cure, awkward to handle, and require extensive barns in which to properly . house them. This method of practice ) was followed, however, until the silo was invented by which it is now possible to take green feeds and store them and keep them in a wholesome condition for a year or more. The theory of the silo is simple enough. The idea is to build an air tight structure of desired dimensions, and then by packing the food in when it is in a green condition exclude the air and thus prevent fermentation. The silo is not a costly or difficult structure to build, and yet in proportion to its size, its tremendous storage capacity affords the most economical and desirable means of preserving roughage which has ever been devised. Silage may be said to be th one effective and universal substitute for grass. It is a dependable food and can be kept satisfactorily in any cli mate for a nalmost indefinite period of time, provided it is put up in a properly built structure and cut at the right time. The importance of the silo can not be emphasized too strongly. If every •- farmer who keeps live stock, and eespec ially cows, realized its importance the ’ dairy industry of the south would n- ' dergo the greatest boom it has ever known, gnd would soon rank as one of i our most important money making in dustries. The trouble is with many! farmers they believe the average scien tist is not practical, and therefore, they doubt the advisability of following such advice as he may offer. In this instance the writer desires to assure them that the statements contained in this article are base on years of practical experience i during the which time a large herd of sows have been fed successfully and economically on silage. In support of , this statement notice what Mr. A. A. Denham. Jr., of Eatonton. Ga., has writ ten about the value of silage to him. He states under date of February 6. 191$, “My cows are giving more milk now than ever before. 1 sold $ 10.uOO worth of butter more for the fnonth of January > with six cows less in the herd than I sold one year the same month. I am only millung eighteen cows now and am | getting seventeen pounds of butter a day besides what milk w e use for. the houso ■ which amounts to about one gallon a day. Out of the eighteen cows 1 have four strippers that are only giving a lit tle I consider these very good results, stimate that I am saving at least SIOO per month at the present price of feed * by having a eilo. My cows are in fine condition. I have not had a single sow sick this winter. lam generally worried a great deal in the winter with the cows retaining their after birth, but have no: had a single case up to now out of four teen cows freshening." This testimony should convince the most skeptical and should induce them to give immediate attention to the ' I lanting of crops suitable for silage They should make arrangements to build a silo during the summer in which tu preserve the crops when they are • ready to cut. Observe that Mr. Den ham estimates that he hak saved in ;»ed alone SIOO a month. He has not only increaser! the returns from nis herd with a smaller number of animals, tut he has kept them in a healthy ano vigorous condition because he has fed them as nearly in accordance with na ture's dictates as possible. In other v'ords. he has provided them with a substitute for grass In the winter which exerts about the same influence on the digestive system as grass itself. The statements presented by Mr. Denham cite the wonderful possibilities of the silo on every farm where cows are kept and show that a structure vari ously estimated to cost, according to size and the materials used, from SIOO up to sspo. will more than pay for itself the first year. In order to aid the farmers in secur ing information about the silo the ex tension division of the Stale College of Agriculture is now employing a man to give his whole time to the prepara tion of plans and specifications for silos. Experts are also employed to visit the farmer and suggest the best type of silo for him to build. He can k - also secure information free of cost on what crops to plant and how to fer tilize and cultivate the same. Thus, every encouragement is being extended the farmer to build structures satisfac torily adapted to our climatic conditions and varying in cost* according to the size of his pocketbook. Where one builds a silo costing, say I 9100. it must of necessity be a cheap ' structure. It will, however, last for I several years, and will effectively pre serve green crops. The farmer, there fore. who is a doubting Thomas or who only has a limited amount of rfloney at his command should at least build a structure of this character, for it is certain that if he follows the dairy or beef cattle business he will never be without a silo once he has satisfied him self of its merits. The farmer with more capital at his command, or who is not so hard to convince of the ad visability of using newer and better methods, can afford to make a larger investment. / There are many types of silos now in use which are giving good satisfac tion. The stave silo of various types will last for a good while, but. of course, the most permanent of al] kinds are those built of cement It seems safe (PHARMACY Thoroughly Taught at *1 r\r\lVl/Ak_» 1 Southern College of Pharmacy I-arge«t Pharmacy School Sooth. Dispensary in the college. Full equipment, three lab-H oratories. Eight faculty member*. Complete course in 12 month*. Moderate expense*. I Demand for graduates exceed* supply. Fall session begins Oct. 2. Write for Catalogue I*. 1 B. C. HOOD Ph. G.. Dean. 65 1 B.'alton St.. ATLANTA. GA. MM the Roof ( HnVlliO / Easy to build. Easy to Repair. Complete \.,L.g rft • / Write for Booklet No. 2 8 ft. xl6 ft. National Silo Co., Charlotte, N. C. —■ 7i ■ ■- i ■ ■■■-* to conclude that 500 silos were built in Georgia last year, and of course, a good number were built in each of the southern states. The writer has yet to learn of any individual who built a silo j under expert advice and according to 1 approved plans who is not delighted with I it. It is true that one must make some investment in machinery for handling the silage, but as the crop can be stored , in a comparatively few days and can ] be produced with a minimum of labor, | it is no more costly to handle and place j in the silo than it would be to harvest and cure as hay and dispose of by the laborious methods followed in the past. i Now, Mr. Farmer, what are you going to do about the silo proposition this summer? If you are keeping ten cows I or more you should arrange to build a structure varying In size according to I your needs and capable of holding from | 50 up to 250 tons. Every farmer who, starts out to build a silo always thinks j he is making the structure too large and that he has invested more money in. it than is wise and proper. In a col-| lege experience of twenty-three years.. I do not know of a single farmer who has ever built too large a silo. Prac-I tically every man who uses one soon wants to build another.‘and often three or four. If you make your silo twice ' as big as you originally planned, it will ( not be two years before you will wish you had a larger one. While the writer would advise the use of a cheap or tern- ( porary form of silo for the sake of get- • ting ft introduced and letting the far- j mers appreciate the value and merit of I silage, it can not be regarded as the best | or safest kind of an investment because 1 it will shortly have to be replaced. With , a little more money a permanent type of structure good for many years can be erected and will naturally prove the most economical Investment in the long run. • • • MAKING HAT FROM SUDAN GRASS. E. W. L.. Thomasville. Oa., writes: What la the best grass for a hay crop? la there anything better than Sudan grass? Thia grass tends to rust with us in wet weather, esi-ectally the second cutting. We make hay of oats and cowpeas, but would be glad to have a summer grass for hay also. If Sudan grass does at all well in ycur section, it is likely to prove one of the most desirable crops to grow for hay, for if seeded thickly on soil] of fair fertility, it makes a fine stalk and a hay which is well relished by live : stuck. The hay is equal in feeding val ue to Johnson grass, and therefore, to i Timothy and other standard hay grasses grown extensively in the northern states. We have not had any trouble with Sudan grass rusting here on the college farm, and your complaint with refer ence to this matter is the first one to come to our attention. Presumably, the extremely wet weather of last two weeks accounts for this trouble, and possibly after this cutting is made you will not • have a .repetition of the experience j about which you complain. The precip , Ration has been excessive in the last few days and the warm weather has tendded to favor the development us rust spores. You should be able to grow German 'millet or Hungarian grass to good ad vantage in your section. This crop only takes from 60 to 90 days to mature and in a favorable season might even be cut twice. We have often planted an early maturing variety of cowpeas with millet to good advantage. Millet and peavine hay is a standard hay in Tennessee. Os course, you know that millet is very extensively grown there. It is said to be a hard crop on the soil. This is due probably to the quickness with which it matures and the abundant yield it makes under favorable conditions. Pos sibly in proportion to yield it is not more exhausting to soils than some oth er crops. We think combinations of Sudan grass with legumes and millet with legumes should enable you to produce summer hays of excellent quali ty and well adapted to the needs of va rious classes of live stock. • e • QUICK MATURING STOCK CROPS. A. C.. Toccoa, Ga.. write*: Would be glad to have information in regard to quick maturing stock crop*. The river haa ruined the corn in the bottoms, but people will still have a four mouths' season. What would you advise planting? Probably one of the very best crops you can grow in your section of the state would be millet. Various varie ties may be seeded, but the German or Hungarian grass are standard sorts ex tensively cultivated in many sections of the country and if cut at the right time produces a fine quality of nay which is readily eaten by all classes of stock. You can also secure good yields from millet on soils which are rich. It matures in from sixty to ninety days under average conditions. You should* not find it difficult to secure seed. Os! ccurse a good seed bed should be pre-1 pared and the millet sown under the; most advantageous conditions. The sooner the planting is accomplished the better. The drilling in of the seed will generally give better stands than broad casting. The uniform covering of the seed is an important matter. Millet and cowpeas are very extensively grow i in Tennessee for hay and forage pur poses. I believe you can plant no crop which is likely to prove more advan tageous to you under the circumstances i tnan one of those mentioned above. • • • MERITS OF BERMUDA GRASS. W. F. F., New Hope, Va„ writes: Is Bermuda n goxi pasture grass? Will it thrive well on mountain land where the ground Is rich and loose? When is the best time to sow it? Bermuda is essentially a south ern grass and adapted for growth in a relatively hot climate and under con ditions where drought periods of more or less extent are likeiy to occur from j time to time. Bermuda grass does well I as far north as Knoxville. Tenn., where | the elevation is irom 600 to 900 feet. It is grown quite extensively in various parts of the Piedmont area. We would bardly expect it to do much at eleva tions higher than that indicated. The chances are that at greater elevations It would be destroyed by freezes. Ber muda grass is a fine sod former and 1 THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1916. -O X. MR AND MRS WERT HUCHEJ _ , COPmiQUT 1916 BY ADtLAlpt M UUGUEJ (Continued from Last Mane.) GLORIA had not been long in find ing out that there can be too much liberty as well as too little. No child wandering in a dream through nightmareland could have seen a a more fantastic world than that Florida en tanglement. She was entranced at first, but at length she had *fiad enough. She was done with fairy stories. The dense foliage became a tiresome reality. She learned from the experience of torn flesh what "saw grass" or "sword grass" or “knife grass" meant, and she nearly learned what poison the "cotton mouthed moccasin" carries in its lethal fangs. The zest of the adventure was soon gone; the effect of fatigue grew upon her. She would have been more scared if she had not grown so sleepy. She would have been more sleepy If she had not been so hungry. She found a cocoa nut, but could not break It. She grew angry and bit at It in vain. She cast It aside and found bananas growing in huge bundles. She stayed her famine with these. She kept trying to find a pathway, out. At length she came across foot prints and rejoiced to find at last a sense of human companionship. She would follow the tracks till they led her to somebody’s home. The very word brought tears to her eyes. Then she recognized that the footprints had been made by her own satin slippers now hopelessly bemired and torn. She had read of lost people who walk ed In circles till they died of exhaustion. She felt ready to die so already. But mainly she was yawning her pretty head otf. She beat about the bush and said "Shoo!” to any crocodiles or boa con strictors that might be in hiding. Then she stretched herself out and began a little prayer. She could not keep awake to finish it. In her sleep she dreamed herself back in the beautiful bed she had foolishly left. She dreamed that she was asleep in her own room. Meanwhile Dr. Royce stumbled and groped through the jungle in search for her. and her father and brother were In conference with the Palm Beach po lice. x .. The message tnat Royce gave to the boy from Colohatchee reached them a makes a dense turf. It can be used, for instance. In washes in blue grass pastures to good advantage. c have seen ditches of it made in this way and carry great quantities of water without the sod being disturbed in any sense. Bermuda grass is best estab lished from sets, though, of course, it can be started from seed. It is often difficult to secure good viable seed, vte have established small areas from seed, but in our experience it has been cheaper and more satisfactory to use the sod. A relatively small quantity oi sod put out at the right season of the year will spread rapidly and give the farmer as many sets as he will care to transplant the next year. It is now getting late in the season to estab lish Bermuda sets on elevated locations, as this grass makes its primary growth In between frosts. If frosts do not oc cur with you until the first of October you could put out the sets as late as August 1 to 15 with very good advan tage though they would not make very much growth during the present year, but would be in position to grow off rapidly at the opening up of the next season and would make a fine dense sod in 1917. • • • WHEN TO CUT AND SHOCK CORN. K L G.. Oxford. Ga., writes: Please ad vise me at what stage of growth corn la cut and how shocked, also whether the ears are pulled before the stalk is cut. Have cowpeas as high a protein content o« Canada peaa? Which is best to sow tn cot ton. crimson or bur clover? The land is rather poor. Can a stand be secured in such soil by inoculation? Presumably you desire to save tne corn fodder, leaves and all and preserve thg grain at the same time. In that event the corn should not be cut until the ears have passed out of the glazed condition; In other words, are practically ripe and the grains firm and hard. It is Important, of course, that the cutting be done as early as practicable so as to prevent the drying up of the leaves in the stack and their loss on this account. Corn is best cut with a corn harvester and mav then be stacked In large shocks In the field. . The shocks should be of a good size and should be carefully built so as to stand perfectly upright. Three ties should be made. In order to draw the com together tightly a rope with a ring ine one end can be used to good ad vantage. If gathered with the idea of saving the fodder to be shredded later on the ears should not be pulled off the stalk. Cowpeas contain about 19.4 per cent or digestible protein and Canada field peas abou't 19 per cent. There is very little to choose, therefore, between them i.? this rspect. Crimson or bur clover may be seeded in cotton. In case we were attempting to establish bur clover we would sow it before th# last cultivation. Obtain the clover In the bur and seed rather freely. It should not be necessary to inocuiata bur clover. You can injure its more rapid germination by giving it what is known as the hot water treatment. No doubt you are already familiar with this operation. You should be careful to relnoculate after the hot water treat ment. We have not found it necessary, as a rule, to inoculate crimson clover, though if seeding it on thin land for the first time, we believe it would pay to Inoculate. Crimson clover could be broadcasted over the cotton land or sown in between the drills. It should be cov ered lightly. A weeder or some lignt surface working implement would be ex cellent for this purpose. • • • ELIMINATING WASHES WITH KUDZU, C. M. S., Rome. Ga., writes: We have a large kudiu vine running on a fence. We have a hillside on our farm that Is badlv washed. and have thought if we could get thill kudau started there it would collect in the washes and in the course of time stop them and build up the land. Do yon think this is practicable? Do on think we could get cuttings started from the vine we already have? We have planted the kudzu vine on a hillside similar to the one you describe The vines were planted in hills five feet apart in each direction. Only about for ty per cent of the vines germinates. The planting was done early in the spring when the roots were still dormant. This vine roots at the joint-s somewhat like Bermuda grass, and in the course of time will Spread over and cover up the washes on the hillside in question quite effectively. No doubt it will build up the land to a considerable extent at the same time, ft may take longer to ac complish the purpose you have in view than you may think at the outset, but our experience indicates that these vines will spread and will eventually make a good soil cover. We have not tested their grazing value as yet, but when we can establish a good stand of them will try them out for this purpose. We think you will find it an advantage to put out roots of this plant whenever practicable, to do so. We are inclined to think it may be set out any time after the vines are defoliated and the wood i-s well rip ened and hardened. We have not tried to established it as yet from cuttings and have not heard of this practice being followed with success. little before dawn. It only increased their alarm, but it gave them some thing definite to do. They made no further secret of Gloria’s disappearance. They called on everybody for help. The latest scandal in divorces, the most startling bathing suit at yester day’s sand parade, were forgotten that day. The only theme of talk was the fact that Pierpont Stafford’s daughter was lost in the everglades and that a big reward was offered for her rescue. Parties of all sorts attacked the prob lem. • Cars went scuttering along the little ailroad that pushes a short distance into the glades; boats of every sort glided along the drainage canal; motor boats, canoes, skiffs were spinning hith- er and yon among* the thousands of waterways. xjavid forgot Lois Freeman and the engagement he had to play golf with her that morning. He and his father had anticipated the dawn in the bayous. Freneau, strolling across the lawn to open the office of the New York brok ers he represented, found Lois Free man and her father reading the morn ing papers. They spoke of the loss of Gloria and the $5,000 offer for her re storation to her father. Freneau medi tated. He could use $5,000 or less to great advantage. When Lois invited him to play golf he said that he had another engage ment. Whatever motive it was that moved Freneau, he resolved to forego his opportunity to court Lois without the disturbing presence of his wealthy rival. He bade her good-by, but he did not go to his office. He sauntered to the water’s edge and chartered a motor boat. He dropped into it and turned the engine over. The water began to churn and the boat to skim the flash ing waters of Lake Worth. He was so eager that he stood up with the tiller ropes in his hand and stared ahead as if already trying to pierce the veil. Almost everybody in Florida must have been aware of Gloria's disappear ance except the family of shiftless pau pers named Sipe. They had come south some years before and put their savings in an orange grove. A vicious winter frost had ruined them in a night. They had neither the spirit to go north nor to conquer the south. Theny sank into a kind of sluggard lethargy, hating the world and all the lucky ones. The trop ical fertility of the soil barely kept them from starvation, and they loated through life in slovenly dejection. Gloria had lain down to sleep just about where the Sipe fence would have been If there had been a fence. She had not seen their shack beyond the heavy growth. When she woke and yawned and rub bed her eyes and looked about she de cided that she must have fallen asleep in the horticultural building at Bronx park. She could not imagine such giant, such grotesque trees anywhere else. Then she realized where she was and how she had come there. She wonder ed how she would get out of there. She wanted very much to have her governess scold her for oversleeping and her maid to fill the tub with water that was too hot as usual. She did not like to be out in the broad daylight in an evening gown, especially not In a gown so torn that the broad daylight shone through it in places. She rose to her feet and limped aimless ly. She caught sight of the Sipe hovel. It was a tumbledown hut, but it looked like the Royal Poinciana to her. The pigs and the mangy dogs might have been gazelles in a park and the ragged man and woman and boy might have been a group of royal blood. She ran toward them for shelter. They received her with stupid wonder and with no hospitality. When she told who she was the name of Stafford meant nothing to them. When she told how she came there they did not believe her. They stared at the little diamond ring on her finger and the gold bracelet at her wrist. These meant something to them. . The woman upbraided Gloria for be ing out in such rags and Gloria offered to buy anything she had. Mrs. Sipe re fused' to sell what she had on, which was all she had. The only extra cov ering was a new suit she was making for the bov out of some hemp sacking. Gloria did not want a boy’s clothes, but Mrs. Sipe sneered that they wpre more decent than what she had on. Also that she might pass some rough char acters or even some Seminole Indians on her way back and that she would be safer as a boy than as a girl. This convinced Gloria. She paid for the clothes with the ring and went into the shack to change. The old woman snatched the gold bracelet from her arm. She took it as payment for a cup of weak but bitter coffee that Gloria gulped down. When Gloria was dressed the Sipe boy was ordered to take her to a path which would eventually lead her to the main road. It was easier walking in breeches than In the skirts she had worn. But she did not like the manner of the boy. He began to pay her crude compliments and finally grew so impudent (hat she boxed his ears. He took his revenge by potnt .ng her in the wrong direction. He turned back and laughed. He had an ill nourished sense of humor. Gloria pushed on and on, growing more and more doubtful of the way and dismally footsore. She longed for the little racing car that she had left in the waves, or even for a pony or a mule. She prayed for anything to ride. Suddenly a turn in the path revealed what she took to be an answer to her prayer—a horse! It was a doleful look ing animal, yet it was a horse. She ran forward and spoke to It soothingly. But it backed and reared. It was not a white man's horse and it hated the whites er on as its red master had'hated them. Thereby hung a tale. (Continued in Next Issue.) Let’s go and get some good old IB Vhen you’re hot and thirsty. n or just for fun, there’s noth- I Ex ing comes up to it for delicious- \ ness and real refreshment. > .*> ’ I ' 9 tZ«/ z Demand the genuine by full name — lr SjGzO . v I nicknames encourage substitution. 1 (r THE COCA-COLA CO. _ ATLANTA. GA. HOME Ugi Ttniely Topics "" K Conductedßu A NEW LAW IN REGARD TO MAR RIAGES. A bill pending at this writing in the present session of the Georgia legis lature will likely pass, because it is charged that our lax laws are in great measure responsible for many divorces and unhappy marriages. It is much needed legislation. , For years and years I have been urg ing reforms of this sort. Ten years ago I published some things in The Semi-Weekly Journal on this subject, in which I said a fourteen-year-old girl is only a nearly grown child. Her mind is immature; also her body. She has not the physical essentials for the burdens of motherhood. It is the gosling period of her life, when she is green and unfitted for the strain that is im posed upon wifehood or motherhood. I am reminded, however, that four teen years was not uncommon in my girlhood as a marrying age. I remem ber well a girl who married at fifteen, became the mother of three children apd died when she was a little over twenty. To state such a case is ample explanation of the subject herein dis cussed. I know a beautiful woman who mar ried a widower when she was twelve years old, the man more than three times older than the bride, and the girl's mother favored it because the man‘was rich and lived in style. It was cruel to rob such girls of their fiee happy girlish days when life was full of unclouded hanpiness and to fling upon them the heavy cares of ma ternity, when minds and bodies were manifestly not fitted for such burdens. The new bill is a move in the right direction. It requires an age limit and publicity before a couple can be mar ried by anybody. Perjury as to age will be fitly pun ished and it is to be hoped that suit able restrictions will be placed about marriage licenses and suitable punish ments inflicted on violaters of the law. THE VOTE ON CIGARETTES IN THE SENATE. I sat in the senate chamber of Geor gia more than a week ago and listened to the debate on the cigarette bill, so called, before the committee of senators who had the bill before them to take action thereon. There were ten snators present, barely a quorum. The temper ance women of the state had asked that the legislature should so arrange that the youth of our country should be for bidden to destroy themselves by the use of cigarettes, and the state president, Mrs. Patterson, called on the temper ance ladles to appear, and she was ex pected to be present and urge the plea against the cigarette evil. She did not appear, but others did, and the president of one of the Atlanta unions made the best address that was possible under the circumstances. Four men made speeches against the measure, each and every one pleading for the cigarette manufacturers, and each and every one when questioned confess ing they were to be paid for their day’s work, with all expenses, by the tobacco kings of the United States. They made this one plea that manu facturers paid a license and that they should be allowed to manufacture cigar ettes. When the ten men voted, but three of them voted to keep minors and the youth of the country away from the tempta tion, but seven (more than two-thirds) voted to preserve the cigarette traffic. If 1 had not seen it I could not have be lieved it. When we know, as we do,, .that cigarettes are destroying the physical and mental forces of the boys of our country it was a painful sight to the mothers who were present. WHAT ABOUT MEXICO.? It looks like the war in Mexico is a continual puzzle. In truth we have oeen in hostile array against Mexico for more than two years. I sat in the senate gal lery, Washington City, May, 1914, and heard a senator announce the “fall of Vera Cruz." During the day we read in the newspapers that eighteen sailor boys of the United States navy had been shot and killed by Mexicans in the attack on Vera Cruz. Ever since that time, we have been in a state of wafrare, first with Huerta, next with Villa, and later with Carranza. It cost this nation six million dollars to capture Vera Cruz, and send battle ships to Mexico. We also appropriated another six millions to capture Villa, and congress is voting hundreds of millions of dollars to put this country in shape to go td war in brisk order—with the world. It would make us wonder how long we can "stand the storm’’—if we could know right now, what it costs in dollars and cents to thereaten Mexico —day by day. But I for one am willing to bear all sorts of money worries, rather than go to shooting down Mexicans or contrari wise, see our Americans shot down by Mexicans. And I for one, am convinced that we should have kept out of Mexico at the start, unless we had made up our minds to control Mexico as we have lib erated Cuba and controlled the Philip pines. Time will prove, in every case, that a nation that goes to war, must have aw ful grievances, or they should settle dis putes by statesmanlike compromise. Germany will always be held as ag gressor, and without sufficient grievance when Germany destroyed Belgium root and branch, merely to get room to at tack France and England. In all the histories and all the ages Germany will be explaining and trying to defend its destruction of Belgium. And the United I States will also be explaining our halt ing methods in attacking Vera Cruz and failing to control Mexico. Cut Rediscount Rate WASHINGTON, Aug. 5.— A. reduction from 5 to 4 1-2 per cent in the redis count rate of Richmond federal reserve bank on agriculture and live stock paper running front ninetj* days to six months was approved today by the federal re serve board. .PREPAREDNESSFOR PEACE NOW CALLED FOR By Bishop IV. A. Candler In a very able editorial published re cently In the New York Tribune occurs this striking and suggestive passage: ’’The mental and spiritual crisis produced by the present war is greater than that of any preceding struggle, for the reason that this conflict has fallen upon the most sensitively humanitarian generation of thinkers in all history. Never be fore had the social ideals of broth erhood, peace and justice taken such universal possession of men’s thoughts. The scholars and the public alike shared in an unprece dented sense of security, a philoso phy of easy optimism, and a belief that progress had carried us beyond the barbarous conflicts of former years. With few exceptions, writers and scholars had the modern habit of regarding evil and pain, not as things inevitable to the lot of man, but as mere superficialities contin gent upon the free choice of the individual and the mal-adjustments of our social and economic systems. The mind of the age is now strug gling with tremendous readjustment. It is too soon to expect many signs of a deliberate solution of the great problem. At present there are only preoccupation and mental unrest. When men begin to think again, they will probably be less occupied with the accidents of economic af fairs, and will, wrestle more cour ageously with the deeper cosmic significance of the problems of living." The eyes of the man who wrote that editorial see beneath spiritual forces. For a good many years the eyes of this leaders of what we call christendom have been holden so that they could not perceive this fundamental truth, which with truly Christian minds ought to be axiomatic. Even some leaders of the churches have fallen under the delusion that in tellectual culture, coupled with econom ical comfort, was quite sufficient to safeguard the peace of the world and as sure the moral progress of mankind. This academic illusion has been dissi pated by the war in Europe. The most cultured and comfortable nations of Europe have been at death grips during the last two years and their wealth and learning have been em ployed In warfare of unprecedented de structiveness. All the contestants have accused their opponents of adopting un civilized methods and committing bar baric acts. Certainly all parties to the coflict have set aside international law as far as they have dared, whenever an advantage could be secured by so doing. The long accepted standards of International morality have been set at naught, with easy-going indifference, the only recognition of such standards being given when they were needed as a basis for criminations and recrimina tions among the belligerents. When the war shall have closed and peace shall have returned, the first su preme duty of the hour will be the re clvillztng of Europe by the restoration of the ethical foundations of life; and since all ethics issue religion, a revival of religion as wide as the continent will be required. Even Channing, although a Unitarian, who denied the divinity of Christ, saw clearly and proclaimed boldly that the recognition of the authority of Jesus was the only effectual preservative measure against war. He said, "War will never yield but to the principles off universal justice and love, and these have no sure root but in the relig ion of Jesus Christ.’ Commercial plans and political pro grams can never prevent war, or pre serve peace. They spring from selfish ness, and all selfishness culminates at last in conflicts. The war between Germany and France in 1870, with the territorial re-arrange ments which followed it, made absolute ly certain the appalling conflagration in Europe which now distresses and depresses mankind. And the present war will be followed by a peace that will be no better than a more or less protracted armistice unless a nobler and highrer type of religion is revived among the warring nations, so that there may be between them a more ardent broth erly-kindness and a greater respect for the right of each other. A Christian pre paredness for peace among them is now their supreme need. To the meeting of this need the neu tral nations must lend a helping hand, and in this blessed work our country ought to bear the leading part by so much as we are a more powerful people and more pacific in spirit than the rest. i We have had our parades in further ance of preparedness for war; but a more urgent duty now is a pro gramme of preparedness for the more sacred obligation of peace. To this end our first duty is to begin to be more religious ourselves. Our churches must rekindle upon their altars the holy fires of a fervent piety. Our schools must be penetrated and perme- Why Drill Planting Wins Ell Empire Jr., J Hoosier and X if'W'fl ifA// Kcntneky Grain Drills THERE is nothing mysterious about the way Hoosier, Empire Jr. and Kentucky drills have been crowding out the broadcasting method of seeding. They give bigger yields of better grain. 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International Harvester Company of America CHICAGO USA Champion Deering McCormick Milwaukee Osborne Plano ated with religious faith and life. Th? ; family altars in our homes which have fallen down must be rebuilt. Our per- ■■ sonal life must be filled with faith, and ■ not with covetousness. We can not save ourselves, let alone : do anything for Europe, until religion .Is revived in our own land. Our nation has been enriched most perilously by the sale of supplies to the 1 outside world since the war began. It .* will be fatal to civilization if the gold ; we have gained by means of the oppor- " tunlties for lucrative exports arising ; from the war, is expended upon <iurtfui . luxuries and bestowed upon the enter prises of unholy ambition. Peace draws on apace. It may be - nearer or more distant than we think; » but it can not be postponed very long. What preparedness are w - e making for it? It is time for the prophets of God to sound again the cry of the Baptist in the wilderness, “Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.” This is the programme of prepared ness which we should take up without delay. We must turn to God our Fath • er before we can turn with helpful hands to our striken brothers beyond the sea. « BUSH FIRES ARE DRIVING HOME TORONTO, Aug. 5. —Refugees who ar rived here today stated that a bush fire threatening Timko, twenty-six miles from Englehart. Englehart itself is in danger fram an other bush fire and the people are ready to depart by train if forced to give up their homes. Fires are reported also at Osborne, Bushell, and Otter, forty miles from Englehart and at Boston Creek a serious a fire is raging. AU of these fires have sprung up since the rain. Many per sons have left the threatened places and. are t North Bay. Temiskaning and Northern Ontario railroad men report a bad fire at McCool. 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