Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, December 11, 1917, Image 6

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Atlanta semi-weekly journal., December 11, 1917, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page Text6 Education. ESb SfS-ciS: $ A NOREW M ■ This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnlsn any Information Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State Agil cuitural College. Athens. Ga. FBI SERVING TIMBER WITH CREO SOTE In this a«e of disappearing forests and high prices for timber it is impor tant that every effort be made to ex tend the useful service of wood through its proper preservation. One of the most effective means of accomplishing this end is through the use of creosote. Our modern farm operations require the erection of a considerable amount of fencing and, as everyone knows, locust posts are not only scarce, but very high priced. On the other hand, pine posts are abundant and cheap. The pine post, however, will not last for any length of time if used in its natural state. When treated with creosote its life Is considerably prolonged, and hence, with the outlay of a few cents and a little labor, it is possible to mak epine posts take the place of locust posts with emi nent satisfaction In order that opr readers may be ac . quainted with what may be accomplish ed along this line on any farm, a short summary of some of the more important points developed in a circular on this subject by James B. Bern', professor of plant pathology and forestry at the College of Agriculture, is outlined be low: •The treatment of posts with creo sote and other preservatives is not a new undertaking; it has been practiced in Europe since the dawn of civilisation. In Germany and France are many ereo soted wooden posts and crossties which have been in place forty or more years and still show no signs of decay. In addition to the prolonged life, the treat ment with creosote increases hardness and toughness, besides rendering the wood more resistant to fire. Practically all woods may be profit ably treated, still the greatest advan tage lies in the treatment of perishable wood, such as “sap” pine, tupelo, gum red oak. cottonwood, chinaberry, maple and willow. The proper treatment of these woods will lengthen the life from a few months to many years (ten to twenty-five, depending upon the method adopted*), often outlasting untreated durable woods, such as cedar, walnut, locust and cypress. Posts may be cut at any season of the year, although preference is given to the winter months. However, the bark of many trees peels easier during the spring rrtonths, and this is an Im portant consideration. One must bear in m;nd. on the other hand, that cutting I in pine during the growing season is very certain on a visitation of the southern pine beetle, which may result in considerable damage to standing pine in the vic’nity. Posts are out in standing lengths of C 1-2. S and 9 feet, and are classified 419 Eggs From 20 Hens in 30 Days Mr. Dougherty Got This Result in October. Plan Is Easily Tried. “I gave Don Sung a trial and must say the resalU were far past any expectations. I got 419 esrgs in 30 days' from 20 bens while moult ing. I think this Is wonderful, as they hardly law at all before while moulting."—Frank Dougnerty. 3!HO East Eleventh St.. Indianapolis. Mr. Dougherty bought SI worth of Don Sung Tablets durir-g October and wrote the above let ter bov. 8. IVI7. Figure bis profit on 33 doaen »gx< from oen» that formerly laid little or n<thing. This mav sound too good to be true, but it costs nothing to find out. We’ll make you the same offer we made him. Giv* yoar tsew Sunjt snd wstcb result* for one month. If yon don’t find that Don Sung pays for itself and pays you a good profit be sides. simply tell us so and your money will be refvnde<:. non Sung ithinese for egg-laysngi works di lectiy on the egg-laying organs, and is also a pterxid tonic. It is easily given in the feed, hn-r the ben's health, makes her stronger xnd more net ire in any weather, and start, her iaj It*. Try Iton Sung for 30 days and if it doesn't get yon the eggs, no matter bow cold or wet t;-e wenther. your money will be refunded by rtrrm mail- Send 50 rente today for a package by mall prepaid. Burrell-Dugger Co.. 120 Colum -1•» ft,|r.. Indtonwpol’s. Ind.—«Adrt.» WITTERS "Kero-Oil" Engines I Save | &Kir7z>srw?FTX- *• Yon slsl WITTE ENGINE WORKS | . ,„ An I 2 ;i to S2OO | [CASH-*fra*yj ■ J Fur prices are high vV-Z€kg fl I thia year C«® “ ltJ b *V S<i I | Skunk, Moakrat. Waif and all I other \ nds arc wanted. Trap ■ » < WM I and ship t» <■■ ** P*r w&at— 1 HID' • JIH I and in each. E lUn fOT Help-Book Free j MONEY fl K?aW®iiT| | F r Taylor Fur Co. i* I J > . H NU*«aa| Ok FnrF.enaaawKda 7]MB he*" I st. Lous, m 3. (]L jgjß SGn'mL [wonae-ful Money f acfnt ®W‘♦ Over 150 styles. pfßrkudUp »Ji Gatso-Hteel Posts-Barb wjrg._ _-._ -*y? , BIRECT FROM FACTORY-FREIGHT PAIO ■w£*.fcA. all keary DuCBLE OaLvaMZEP WIBkS. IN par rod ap. Get froa lw>oh and Saapla to VmA THE BROWN FENCE S WIRE CO.. fj Classund. Qtua X" 3 Rings and Bracelet FREE Soft * bM** Rosetod SaW* at 2Sc box V lmai« pan—n » ’•» Bena, aaeaa. tetuw ,naa. latarra. ewaa, B = «®a. sac. Batoro tfcr 13 s»4 v« will soou lloM 4 W-sudfu' <©bd piaUd .- ’ • -u I r »« • ■ vVV*‘Wj ••matki. «* tW' I Fz-kfl Urvo estsW IF an(*a >l aadw. WE TRUST TOU Rosebud PnrfvmsCn.Bsxl«2 Woodsboro. Md Kgg3 ELECTRICITY IS LIFE |Kat4 Wrn Mm wtr wrffar* Ra atr«* 4 If ilMaeiaetiSebrXa roasa>u»d rooaf to Sf H all Can TM adard «r»n w» "f-J S 2 r 51 1 4 un .Ml- -~». rkruma: •■». •» EOwjAIV bawd. bear. todr« «-d <<tar aalmanto ■> i.'Skjflri t men aM women. ■*• t. r PION LEIGH AOOaDsoL 170 IW tfH CttooacwUß according to the diameter at the top. j as 3 1-2. 5 and «-inch. The butt is sawn or cut straight across. The I small end is often treated in the same I way although a beveled top is much ; to be preferred, especially when cut smooth. Naturally a smooth, beveled surface drains much metter during wet weather than does a rough, flat surface. For the best results, posts should be peeled as soon as cut. since the bark and sapwood are certain to be attacked by various wood borers. Only in the case of a few trees does the bark loosen upon drying; in most cases it becomes more firmly attached to the sapwood. With a little practice one may become quite proficient in peeling with an ordinary axe. although it may not be | ossible to remove all of the soft, inner bark with this tool. How ever, the job may be easily completed with a drawknife, placing the post on a pair of horses so that it may be rolled in turning a new surface. The fine, inner bark prevents the penetra tion of creosote. For this reason it is much better policy to remove a thin layer of sapwood rather than permit any inner bark to remain. This important step should be thor ough to insure successful treatment, and should be both slow and uniform to avoid cheeking. The method of piling should allow of a free circula tion of air about all parts of each post to insure uniformity in drying. The so-called “log-cabin’’ method is very successful, although good results are often had by standing the posts on end about a pole or other object. In any event, the posts should not come in con tact with moist earth or rotten wood; a foundation of rocks or seasoned wood must be used. If the posts are piled in the open where they are exposed to the direct rays of a hot sun. the pile should be covered with loose boards weighted with stones to hold them in place. Much better results may be obtained by piling in partial shade where the drying will be uniform and a minimum of “checks" formed. The length of time required for thorough seasoning depends upon weather conditions; varying from six weeks during a dry summer season to six months during a cool, moist win ter. Naturally the kind of wood and size of post will have an important bearing upon the time required for sea soning. Two general methods of treatment are applicable to farm conditions, the open-tank method and the painting method. Usually, however, a farmer will use a combination of the two. The necessary equipment for the ap plication of tiie open-tank method con sists of two tanks for the creosote (de signated the “hot” and the “cold" tanks) and some system of heating. The “hot” tank is of cylindrical form (four feet high and three and a half feet in diameter; the “cold” tank of horizontal form < measuring three and a half feet square on the end and eight feet long). A system of piping with a traction engine to furnish «team is the most satisfactory means of keeping the “hot” tank at a constant temperature. However, direct heating by means of a fixe box beneath the tank will give very fair results. The “hot" tauk is filled to a depth of 1 1-2 to 2 set and the creosote maintain ed at a temperature of about 210 de grees Fahrenheit The temperature should not go higher than 220 degrees «,r lower than 200 degrees. The purchase of a cheap, high temperature thermome ter is advisable in this connection. The “cold” tank is filled about half full and heated merely enough to keep the creosote in a liquid condition. This requires about 100 deegres Fahrenheit The posts, properly prepared for treatment are stood on end. butt down, in the “hot" tank for a period of time varying from one to two hours, depend ing upon the size of posts and the char acter of the wood. They are then laid full length in the "cold" tank and sub merged for about an hour. It is very important that the posts be kept below the surface of the oil in the “cold" tank. This system of heating the butts only gives a deep penetration of oil on that part and a light pentration on the top. The deep penetration should extend over that portion of the post which Is set in the ground and for a distance of 8 to 12 inches above ground. The light pene ration on the top is sufficient to guard against dry rot and ordinary weathering. It is possible to make one tank serve the purposes of two, although the effl •iency is correspondingly lowered. In this case the oil in the tank is heated to a temperature of about 210 degrees Fahrenheit and the posh; are placed m the hot creosote for a period of one to two hours. The fire is then raked out and the creosote permitted to cool, re quiring six or eight hours. The daily schedule would be about as follows: 5 a. m. Fire built under tank. 8 a. m. Creosote registers a tempera ture of 215 degrees. Tank filled with posts, butt down. 10 a. m. Fire raked out and creosote permitted to cool. 5 p. m. Fire built under tank. Treat ed posts removed as soon as the oil is in a liquid condition. 7 p. m. Creosote registers a tempera ture of 210 degrees. Tank filled with posts 9 p. m. Fire raked out and creosote permitted to cool. 6a. m. Fire built under tank. Treat ed posts removed as soon as oil is in a liquid condition. According to this program two charges are handled during the twenty-four hours. If an old creosote drum is used the daily capacity will be between 40 and 60 posts, depending upon the size and uniformity of the posts. If a kero sene barrel is fitted as a treating plant •he daily capacity will range between ’5 and 25 posts. When the one tank method is used it 's ‘necessary to paint the tops of the •osts with creosote, which should be hot and may be applied with a four or «ix inch paint brush. As the posts are aken from the tank they are held a minute or two to permit the surplus oil -unning back into the tank. The posts ■ire then placed on a pair of horses where the tops are painted, after which they are piled in “log-cabin” Jrtyle for a week to alow the oil to “dry In.” After •.the posts are dry they may be handled without any more discomfort than with ordinary untreated posts. Many other classes of farm timbers, in addition to posts, may be profitably creosoted. Shingles in the bundle may be placed in the hot oil and treated in the same manner as posts, or they may be dipped singly in hot oil a few days prior to being laid. Many farmers in ! the middle west paint all buildings with hot creosote and find the rate of dete rioration greatly lessened. Not only does the oil present a “good appear ance.” but it effectively prevents warp ling. checking and weathering at a frac tion of what paint would cost. Bridge timbers, foundation sills, and all timbers THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA.. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1917. in contact with soil or other moist ma terial should be treated, if farm ma chinery is left exposed to the elements the wooden parts should be creosoted; the metal parts should be painted. CRUSHED EAR CORM AND VELVET BEANS FOR MULES L. K. K., Colquitt, Ga.. writes: I am contemplating crushing tar corn in the shuck and velvet beans in tile hull to feed to farm mules. What proportion should I , use and what is a reasonable feed for a 1,000-ptmnd mule? If situated as you are, we would crush ear corn and velvet beans in the hull in equal parts as a food for horses and mules. If you do this, however, you should remember that you should grind the food very tine. Particularly is this true of velvet beans. We would there fore be inclined to run the corn, cob, shucks and all through the mill once and possibly twice, and grind the vel vet beans separately so as to insure the thorough pulverizing of the husks of the beans. Then mix together in equal parts. Os course, when you add the cob and the shuck to the corn you must feed about one-third more of it in or der to provide the same amount of nu triment which would be contained in ordinary corn or corn meal. When you grind velvet beans in the hull you should increase the ration of them that you would ordinarily use by about one third. A good ration of corn to feed mules would be twelve to fifteen pounds per 1,000 pounds of live weight, according to the nature and charcter of the work performed, along with the equivalent of two pounds of cottonseed meal. To pro vide the same amount of portein con tained in two pounds of cottonseed meal you would need to feed about five pounds of velvet beans. If you use them in the hull, about seven pounds will be necessary. You would need to feed at least sixteen pounds of corn, cob and shuck meal as compared with twelve ’pounds of cornmeal. In other words, we think if you feed a ration or the character Indicated that you would have to use about twenty or twenty two pounds per 1,000-pound mule when performing continuous hard labor. Tn addition you would, of course, need to feed a suitable ration of roughage. While we think you could mix these ma terials in equal parts, you can see from the above that you would get a more nearly balanced ration from using two thirds corn and one-third velvet beans. In feeding this ration t® dairy cows we would reverse the condition and use two-thirds velvet beans and one-third corn meal. You can, of course, feed velvet bean meal directly to cows. You may feed velvet beans in the hulls aft er soaking them from twelve to twen ty-four hours, to either horses and mules or dairy cows. TREATING A COUGH IN A YOUNG COW. , 8. A. C„ Lesslie, 8. C.. writes: I have a better two yeani old which has had a dry cough for eight or thn months. She rnns in an open pasture and I feed her on hay and shucks. What do you think is the trouble and what shall I do for her? An animal may sometimes have a cough which Is not due to any serious physical defect, but rather as a reflex nervous action. Cattle may have ca tarrh as well as individuals, and the cough to which you refer may be due to some slight irritation of the air pas sages or the lungs. Indigestion may sometimes cause trouble of this charac ter. You should therefore examine the feed and should see that it is wholesome and of a character which can be easily digested and assimilated. You should provide a well-balanced and an abun dant ration. You should keep your ani mals in a well-ventilated, relatively cool but dry stable. They should not be ex posed to draughts. This is very impor tant, because there is a good deal of moisture in the air of our southern cli mate. which is likely to prove irritating to an animal subject to catarrh. A dry cough is, of course, more indicative of irritation of the throat and lungs than a moist cough. The moist cough Is more likely to be characsterized by excessive secretion. We suggest that you try the follow ing cough mixture for a little while, and if it does not effect a cure then I suggest that you have your animal test ed for tuberculosis. To do this you would have to employ a competent vet erinarian. The cough mixture consists of- Fluid extract of belladonna. 1-2 oz.; pulverized opium, 1-2 oz.; gum camphor, pulverized. 2 drams! ammonia chloride 1-2 oz. Add molasses and flour to make eight ounces of paste. • With a small wooden paddle daub a teaspoonful on the back teeth three or four times daily. varieties of wheat adapted to the south. J K. H.. Cornelius, X. C., writes: t would like to know where 1 can secure the Stone Miracle seed wheat. I have about a half acre of land and want to know how much seed to sow on it. We are not acquainted with the Stone Miracle wheat. It may or may not tn an excellent variety. It may be one ol the older or better known varieties which has been given a new name. It is impossible to judge of Its adaptation to southern conditionm unless one might have the privilege of growing it and testing it out for several years. Oui experience and observation indicate, that the better known of the standard varieties which have been grown in the south for several years have proven to be the most ; utisfactory wheat to us. for seed purposes. We have conducted quite an elaborate test here at Athens for Several years past. These tests in dicate that Mediterranean. Fulcasterl Red May, Early Ripe, Fultz and Leap Prolific are among the most satisfactory. varieties for growth iff this part of the south. We believe you can obtain fair ly good seed of any of these varieties either from farmers in your section ’of the state or from the leading seedsmen In your principal towns and cities. We believe you will not make a mistake n selecting seed from any of the varieties mentioned above. On fairly good land, where the soil is well prepared, from four to five pecks of seed per acre will usually give best results. On poorer soils a heavier rate of seeding should be practiced. TREATING WHEAT FOB. SMUT BE FORE PLANTING J. D. L., Atlanta. Ga.. writes: 1 have been told that I should soak seed wheat In bluestone water before planting in order to eliminate rust. Please tell me what you think of this, and in what proportion should tbv bluestone be used? Several materials may be used for the destruction of smut. We are inclined to think, however, that there is nothing better to use for this purpose than for maldehyde. Several methods of using this material may be practiced with suc- One is to dissolve a pound of It in a barrel containing forty gallons of wa ter. The grain to be treated may then be put in sacks and dipped in the solu- Ition and allowed ta remain so for sov eral minutes. Then lift to the top of th< barrel and allow to drain out well. The pour out on the floor and spread out dry. , Another method is to prepare a place oh the floor of a barn or shed, pu the wheat to be treated thereon, mak up a solution in the strength indicate above and then by means of a sprlnklin pot, distribute the solution over th -•rain at the rate nf one gallon to en.-' bushel of grain. The grain should 1 shoveled over and over as the water put on In order that every part of ea< ’ grain may be thoroughly molstenc with the solution. Then cover the mas of grain with a tarpaulin and allow t< stand for several hours. Five hours will i Rules on Cotton Seed Are Given by Hoover MONTGOMERY, Ala.. Dec. 8. —Rich- ard M. Hobble, state food administra tor, is in receipt of the following tele gram from Herbert Hoover, United States food administrator, changing cottonseed rules: “The following amendment and ad ditions to cottonseed rules are to be come effective at once. The cottonseed oil crusher may have cottonseed oil on hand for a period of four months in stead of sixty day» and he may have a quantity of oil on hand which does not exceed his production for two months instead of one month, as heretofore." The new rule is that no buyer of cot tonseed shall sell cottonseed in car load lots at more than $2 per ton prof it, exclusive of the customary charge for loading over the price which he paid for cottonseed and shall not. therefore, ask a profit on the market or replace ment value. Another new rule is that lhe crusher of cottonseed shall not pay high prices for cottonwed in one market than he pays In another market considering that the quality of the sed purchased is the same. Two New Directors Are Named for Reserve Bank P. R. Kittles, of Sylvania, Ga., and Edgar B. Stearn, of New Orleans, were elected by ballot to be members of the board of directors of the Atlanta Federal Reserve bank, according to an announce ment made by M. B. Wellborn, chairman of the board of directorsi Friday. Mr: Kittles is a director in Class A, group 3, and Mr. tSearn is a director in class B, group 1. probably be long enough. Uncover, stir and then spread out to dry. After it is thoroughly dry It can be sown. It is very important to remember that the so lution should be made up In the man ner indicated. If it is too weak it will not kill the spores and if it is too strong it may injure the grain. There is some variation in the strength of this mate rial so you should be careful in pur chasing it to be sure that you secure it from reliable parties. You should wash out the grain drill with a formal dehyde solution, so as to be sure to kill out all the sm.ut spores that may nave lodged in the machine. IMPORTANCE AND VAIUE OF NITROGEN CULTURES. J. B. W., Camilla, Ga., writes: I would like your opinion in regard to using nitro gen cultures. Which kind of crops does it pay best to use them on? Nitrogen cultures can often be used to advantage in association with leguminous crops, especially is this true with the small seeded legumes such as the clovers. For many years attempts made to cultivate alfalfa in Georgia failed largely of the fact that suitable cultures could not be obtained at the time the crop was planted. These clovers contain bacteria which live in the soil and associate them selves with the plant living on little nodules which are found on the clover. These bacteria give the plant the power to assimilate nitrogen out of the air and hence helps to make the rapid growth which . characterizes alfalfa; which as you know, may be out from five to six times in Georgia and may produce five to six tons if good hay. It will not be necessary to use nitrogen cultures in association with the large seeded legumes, such as cowpeas and soy beans. We could not say that it would never pay to use them for that would not be true. If you are expect ing, therefore, to cultivate legumes such as crimson clover, alfalfa or alsike clover, or possibly the vetches, it might pay to you to use some of the cultures in question. You will obtain full direc tion and advice as to how to apply them from the firm from which you make your purchase. PEA and BEAN Huller 1_ • Jfcs Capacity 3 4 bujh- )|Q.6U Vi V x' per hour. Ball IV HyCliExajh w\ /■ bearing: light running. ~ Will threat, peas,beans, Wne I cane aeed, etc. Fan Man I I and ,creen thcronghly clean y ( VK j | *'>'• R eed. Order from this ad Turns I | or write for Circulars. 11 B - w - MIDDLEBROOKS CO., With I*’ D»pt. B Ease IF**' BARNESVILLE, QA. This Fine Orchard of 12 Grafted Apple Trees FREE v.’ETs'SS r„b"Xr.“ u „ n e A«V YoA7wife d H This Offer ASK lour Wire Apple orchard, and then, do as she says. general excellence healthy, vigorous branches are cut. To each It means, sauces, pies and pudding In abundance. It n J ea "® an m P ® ’ of th ’ esp b r ancheß a strong root from the same type of tree Is carefully supply of the kind of all fruits on the table every day In- t y . grafted and tied. The little grafted tree, thus complete, is ready to be set It means a nice income from the sale of surplus fruit. Thev take root at once, and develop Into large, heavy bearing or- Fnrlv Maturing Varieties treas even sooner than a larger tree set out at the same time. ILariy Ivlaiurillg varieiies that you will have fruit from These little trees are about a foot long, and the thickness of a lead pencil these twelve trees in just a few years. You will have some apples from y O u could not get trees of better quality, or trees that would bear sooner Ure. year. ,n f ,ve ye.r. you „ y™ .or. t . Ur . -P>- f- Complete Instructions slml)1 Th H A j e Orchard "X:*’’” - that explain just how to set out and care for your Home Orchard. • rr w 3 Genuine Delicious 3 Stayman Winesap 3 Jonathan 3 Wealthy This apple has. since its introduc- Deep, rich red In color, it is a The Jonathan is liked by every- A very valuable vanety. that, im. tion. secured and maintained the marked Improvement over the old Xe^^^Xh’^wineV ** highest price paid for any apple. A Winesap, both in quality and appear- rlably in good demand at high prices 3 «c t3on . succeeds ever.-wnere, espe- beautlful deep red, occasionally ance. A universal favorite as a cook- An excellent keeper for late winter dally when grown on its own hardy blending to a golden yellow at the Ing apple. Brings a good price In all use. One of the most popular apples roots, as these grafted trees are tip. Os a wonderful flavor and aroma, markets and is a splendid keeper. grown. large, smooth, overspread wth red. The Semi-Weekly Journal SI.OO and the Apple Orchard Free These trees will be ready to ship on December Ist. Send us your order now, as the demand will be enormous. Enclose 51 for The Semi-’W eekly Journal for 12 months and apple trees, and mail today. Don’t Delay—Act at Once. Address The Semi-Weekly Journal, Circulation Dept., Atlanta, Ga* C O U PO N Th« Semi-Weekly Journal, Atlanta, Ga.—Gentlemen: I enclose $1 to pay for my subscription to yoffr paper for 12 months. As a prenrium I am to receive the Entire Home Orchard Collection of 12 Grafted Apple Trees, as follows: 3 GENUINE DELICIOUS 3 STAYMAN WINESAP —3 JONATHAN —3 WEALTHY. Name .............................................».P. O Paper and trees may be ordered sent to separate addresses. R. F. D State GERMAN FOoD CRISIS FORCING PEACE DRIVE Increase of Food Ration Means Food Capital Won't Last Beyond the Winter of 1918-19 - * (This is the sixth of Mr. Corey’s ar ticles on conditions in Germany,) BY HERBERT CORKY <Copyright, 1917, by Herbert Corey.) BASEL, Switzerland, Oct. 22.—(8y Mail.) —Germany’s daily food has been increased in quantity and bettered in quality for the time being. and it is promised that this increase shall last through the year, as a result of the sat isfactory harvests of 1917. From the information 1 have been able to obtain here, I am forced to the con clusion that this statement is some what misleading. I believe that not only has Germany reached her maxi mufrn of food production in 1917, but that she will never again reach that point during the war. Further, I be lieve that Germany is now eating up her food capital. The inevitable conclusion is that Ger many is counting u"pon peace before the winter of 1918-19 comes. The 1917 harvest, or more properly the food product available to the cen tral powers during that year, may be considered as divided into three parts, now that a proper control of the neu trals has prevented Switzerland and the North sea countries from provisioning Germany from their surplus. These, are: The harvest of Germdhy proper. The harvest of the powers affiliated. The harvest of the occupied terri tories. Contrary to a very generally held opinion, I believe that Germany came nearer to a self-supporting basis this year than ever before in her history. Not only was her consumption cut to a lower figure, but it is likely that her actual production reached higher num bers than ever before. Every inch of ground available was cropped in Germany laist year. Lawns, parks, the strips of grass ground along railroad tracks, the hospital properties, were all cropped. Visitors to Berlin will remember the tiny plots alongside the railroad on the way to the golf links, each provided with its combina tion summer-and-tool house, on which the Berlin workman used to spend pleas ant Sundays in the summer time, drink ing beer and cultivating his flower and kitchen gardens. These have all been put in potatoes and other useful crops now. They may serve as a sample of the empire’s food producing activities. It may be assumed that this hitherto untilled ground produced its maximum of crop last year, just as It may be as sumed that the maximum acreage has been devoted to crops. For the most part the German ground is not naturally rich, and it requires fertilizers and plen ty of labor. Fertilizers and labor are alike lacking, but the ground which has been lying fallow for generations would certainly be good for at least one exj cellent crop. The best has been used in this way for two years, and all for at least one year. It is not supposable that next year’s crop can approach that of the year just past. However, it may be assumed that the added acreage more than made up for the decreased fertili ty of the land regularly under cultiva tion, and which for three years has been starved.? As for the regular crop of Germany, there was a drouth this spring in north eastern Germany and Polish Prussia which was followed by a dry spell this fall. The Germans were very pessimis tic in May and June, but better weather later on resulted in a good crop through the south. The east was not up to nor mal. The low point on food 'was tn June, when bounties were offered fpr the first green vegetables, and farmers were punished for pulling potatoes be fore they were fit. However, the green vegetable season, followed by the green fruit season, relieved the worst of the shortage until harvest time. The reason for the slaying that Ger many is eating her food capital is that the meat ration has been increased throughout the empire. Throughout the war Germany has tried to save her herds, for her leaders have realized that if they were cut too low it would not only be a tremendously expensive but practically an impossible undertaking to attempt to replenish the hoofed stock from neighboring countries after the war. A reduction in the hoofed stock has ben forced, however, by a shortage in the fodder crop, due to the subnormal season, and by the impossi bility of securing oil cake from neutrals on which to feed the cattle. Furthermore, in order to feed the people as they must be fed after two years of bitter privation it was neces sary to cut short the rations to the cattle. For the year 1918 it may be assumed that the Germans will have more food, both of meat and meal, than in either of the two years just passed. This is directly at the expense of her food capital, however, and, bearing in mind the docility and courage with which the Germans have withstood semi-star vation, the conclusion is not a far fetched one that the German govern ment has determined to find peace in the twelve-month to come, if that peace is to be found. It must not be thought from what has been said that the present meat ration is a considerable one. In fac£, it does not exceed three-quarters of a pound per week per man through the empire. It is interesting that Germany will stake all on peace in 1918, that highly placed Germans have stated that this meat ration can be continued until the end of the war. The crops of Austria - Hungary will be considered in connection with political conditions there. It may be said, however, that there was a short crop in Austria, and that there will be great suffering there this winter, but that the Hungarian crop was on ex tremely good one. The Hungarians are canny people, however. They will not give an ounce to their German allies except against compensation. That compensation Is rendered in part by pro tection. German troops are fighting on the Hungarian boundaries and are being fed by Hungary in consequence. Bulgaria had a good crop and Turkey a bad one. In the occupied territories Belgium never produces enough to support her self, and :s producing far less than nor mal now. I have talked with eye witnesses who passed through Belgiujn at harvest time last year and saw fields of wheat rotting down on the stalk for lack of labor to cut it. Serbia had a fair crop, but the major part must be used in Serbian boundaries. Poland’s crop was only fair, and suffer ing will be intense there this winter. The Germans are ruthlessly taking not merely the surplus, but the entire crop where that is available. Not much will be available, how ever, because of the lack of transporta tion facilities there. In winter the wagon roads are mere morasses and the railroads are few and have gone to pieces du*ing the war. The Germans will be able to move a little out. at the cost of the starvation of hundreds of thousands of Poles in the cities. In the country districts the Poles will probably have enough to eat. but it will be quite impossible for them to move enough food to the cities to save the lives of those doomed to death, even if they were inclined to move crops only to have them commandeered by the Germans. The Rumanian crop alone remains to be considered. It was widely press agented earlier in the year by the Ger mans. Warehouses were prepared In Munich and other cities forth a recep tion of the Rumanian crop. Os late nothing has been heard of it. and no reference has been made in the Ger man papers to the reception of any grain from Rumania, so that the infer ence is a fair one that little or none has been received. , I have talked with men who went from one end to the other of Rumania as late a s December of 1916. At that time the country was a desert, stripped of buildings, men, tools and ajrimals. As the preparations for this year's crop should begin not later than March, if a uinmumHiiflinm 57: T Shipped direct to you on deposit of S 10. Sixty days driving trial »nd a guarantee for all time against defecta Our bv • I are light, Etrong and easy running. [, jESj preferred by experienced buggy buyers. your order and save money? Writa for our M ■ fiß FREE WATCH FOB and bar- AX ■ a&in catalog of Bugsri**® and Rar- Get our Factory to you t-' I Prices V/kCxZIXX/B W. MIDDLEBROOKS BUOGY CO., | OX I 40 Main SL. Barnesville. Co. ■ , i crop were to be raised, it is not an f unfair conclusion that even the admjt- I red efficiency and energy of the Germans I cqpld not in that short time arrange for farming this desolated land. This ' conclusion is strengthened by the fact that no labor was available, as the Ru . manians followed their armies when I the Germans invaded. Even if there has been a good crop in Rumania it is doubtful if a ton of ■ grain could be made use of by the Ger- ■ mans. The Turkish crop is bad—one might say it was a complete failure — and whatever could be taken from Ru mania must be sent to Turkey if the allies of the German Crescent are not to strave. Unless they can be aided from Rumania the Turks must be fed from ; Austria-Hungary, in the first of which I states destitution exists, and from the second of which food can only be ob tained at a price. On the whole, and in face of the in creased ration which is being given to Germans for the time being, my belief ’ is that this increase, taken as it is at i the expense of the existing capital Tn hoofed stock, Will not be sufficient to make good the progressive human weak ness caused by underfeeding. In spite Jof appearances the German food situa- I tion may actually be worse than In 1917. i Z/'/\/ / Manufacturers of high- K/\ ,( /'l/XaS'i grade Tires fell na their 1 /'7\ I ri'VSttW surplus stocks of "FIRSTS" ’\/\ . / at rock-bottom prices, for /\/\>f these brand new Tires as A A . iDyaXrt “Seconds.” at an average [ Y V REDUCTION OF 40%. V\/\ W 'if. 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