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Atlanta Smwnal
VOLUME XX.
ALL POWERS READY FOR SINCERE PEACE
EXCEPT GERMAN AUTOCRATS, SAYS WILSON
TEXAN IS HERO OF
ATTACK BY GERMANS I
wEjwm
Germany Believed to Be Using
Peace With Small Countries
as a Club to Force Russia
Into Pact '
NEW YORK, Feb. 11.—(Summary of
European Cables.) —While engaging in
the daily increasing military activities ;
in B<>gium. France and Italy, the cen
tral powers are pushing their diplomatic
advantages in the smaller enemy coun
tries with the view, it is believed, of
forcing the Bolshevik government of
Russia to accept a separate peace. The
new Ukrainian peoples republic, which,
however, the Bolshevik leaders at Pe
trograd declare, does not exist, has
made a peace agreement with the i
quadruple alliance, which in the mean- |
time holds the threat of military power '
over Rumania to force a similar pact
with that country. On February 6. Field
Marshal von Mackensen is reported in
German newspapers to have given the
Rumanian government three days tn
which to enter peace negotiations with
Germany. This time limit has expired,
the Rumanian cabinet has resigned as a
■onsequence of the ultimatum, and the
Germans are reported to have repaired
the oil wells in Rumania which the
British damaged just previous to the
Rumanian retreat. The new Ukrainian
republic, according to a Stockholm re
port. is said to have granted to the cen
tral powers full facilities for the de
velopment of important mineral lands In
return for a large loan and the addi
tion to her territory of a large part
of eastern Galicia. On this phase of
the agreement, as well as on the gen
eral subject of a separate peace between
the Ukrainian rada and the quadruple
alliance, the Bolshevik government Is
silent. London hying received nothing
from the Russian capital to explain the
Ukrainian situation.
Tn France, where the American forces
recently have engaged the enemy tn mi
nor encounters, the violence of artil
lery action is daily increasing On both
sides of the Meuse and in the Vosges
the French and Germans are engaged
In an artillery duel, while frequent en
emy raids on French positions are re
ported. the most recent in the region of
Houreullles having failed.
Details of the encounter*on Friday;
night with- the* superior German force ■
in the region of St. Mihlrt show that
rvery American fought desperately to
overcome the larger force of the enemy. '
Suddenly coming upon the Germans In
No Man's Land, the little party of four
teen Ajperlcans quickly changed forma
rion. and tn the minute and a half that
oil owed before the enemy retreated the
rifle gave way to hand grenade and
automatics, so close were the combant
»nts. On Saturday an American ar
tillerymen was killed by shell fine and
five others wounded. These casualties,
though light, indicate that the American
forces in the trenches have assumed
their full share of the burden in the
i-cctor under their control.
As on other fronts, the big guns are
bearing the brunt of the work in Italy.
On the Asiago plateu ar.« west of Monte
Grappa, artillery duels are reported to
I • lively. Advanced Italian posts re
pulsed two enemy raids south of Daone
r*'itese.
Texan Is Hero in Fight
On German Ambushers
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMIES TN
I-RANCE. Feb. 10.—• Delayed.)—A Tex
i- Sammy was the hero of Friday eve
ning's patrol battle in which five Amer
icans were killed and four captured, it
was learned todaj.
The Texan remained in No Man’s Land
ifter the encounter, ministering to the
wounded comrades.
After ten minutes' of improptu first
aid work, the Texan left a badly wound
ca Sammy in charge of another
wounded man. aho was trying to
stanch the flow of blood from the
seriously wounded lad's hurts.
Making his way back to the American
trench the Texan filled his canteen with
prater and returned to his comrades. He
round the man who had been seriously
wounded lying dead tn the arms of the
other who was crying:
"For God’s buddy, don't die to
night. Let's get another crack at the
dirty Boches—”
Tbp Texan brought both the wounded
man and the dead Sammy back to the
.American lines.
The full story of how the American
patrol fought against death in the dark
ness among the wire entanglements, was
learned today, when survivors were able
to talk after fumes had departed from
their lungs in the base hospital.
They told how fourteen Sammies
started crawling out through the dew
sprinkled weeds and grasses between
fires at 6 o’clock in the evening and In
-peettd the wires until eight. Then the
sergeant leading the patrol, whispering,
■autioned the others that the enemy was
near.
All flopped earthward. A moment
later the patrol leader whispered the
ommand:
"All bunch together."
The next instant the Boches shower
ed them with grenades, and rifle and
pistol fire. The Sammies responded In
kind. * It was all over within a minute
and a half. The Boches fled with four
captives from the head of that patrol
column. Two wounded men helped to
bring in the sergeant patrol leader.
Another patrol started out immediate
ly and recovered the dead. They re
ported they heard the Boches dashing
• homeward through the American bar
rage which had been laid down between
them and the German trenches.
Survivors say the Boches shouted:
"Kariraa” continuously . during the
lighting.
The dead were buried today, in the
growing American graveyard, within
the shadow of a great ammunition
dump.
Simple d.-i. crosses bearing the
imperishable legend "'killed in action.”
mark each little mound of earth.
Comrades billeted in the battered vll-
(Oonttxmd on Page 7, Column 2.)
Full Associated Press Service
ALL GEORGIANS DN
ITUSCANIA REPORTED
1 AMONG SURVIVORS
Estimate of Loss of 113 Sol
diers When Big Transport
Was Torpedoed Last Tues
day Remains Unchanged
Arrendale and Ward
Among the Survivors
All Georgians on the torpedoed
transport Tuscan ia have been saved,
j according to reports from Washing
ton. The latest cables brought the
names of Charles R. Arrendale, Jack
sonville. Ga_. and Edward C. Ward,
Newport, Ga„ among the survivors.
, Eight other Georgians previously
had Been reported saved. They are:
Courtland S. Winn. Jr.. Atlanta: Lieu
tenant Joseph R. Bost. Atlanta; ..
Charles H. Greer. Union Point; "Boyd
E. Hancock, Thomasville; Hardy G. ,
Robinson. Lawrenceville; Robert Lee
Malone. Valdosta; Allen W. Harris.
Winder; Edward J. Peacock, Vienna.
■
WASHINGTON. Feb. 11.—From a list
of 1,832 American soldiers saved from
the torpedoed Tuscania thus far report
ed to the war department, the Asso
ciated Press today is enabled to give
the names of more than 300 soldiers
aboard still unaccounted for. No report
has reached the department to change
the estimate that only 113 American sol
diers were lost and officials, although
expecting additional names to come in
slowly, could give no assurance as to
when the list would be complete.
The names already received by the
war department checked against the
sailing list of troops show 345
men unaccounted for, but thirty-five
names of survivors were made public
last night which do not appear in the
sailing lis . it is assumed that some
soldiers p<*-s. •!>* went aboard the Tus
cania at the .asl moment without being
recorded on the sailing list and also
that members of the crew may have
been among the military survivors.
; The list compiled by the Associated
’ Press represents an aggregate of 143
I hours work. The war department had
' issued an official roster of the troops
aboard the ship, the committee on pUb-
I lie information has made no effort to
' compile a list of misking, merely issu
ing a list of the survivors.
List of Southerners
Who Are Still Missing
Southerners whose names were given
out by the public information committee
•in Washington as among those saved
but whose names do not appear on the
roster of the soldiers aboard the ship
are as follows. William R. Shaw, Mercy,
Tex.; William A. Cherry, Demopolis,
: Alabama.
It is assumed that some soldiers were
sent aboard the steamer at the last mo
ment and that their names had not been
recorded on the passenger list.
Southerners who are still missing are
las follows:
Walter L. Brown. Pera, Va.: Lambert
H. Mocker. Nashville, Tenn.; William
A. Hartsock. Rapidan, Va.; Philip E.
Weigand. Baltimore, Md.; Ruel A. Par
rott. Garrison. Tex.; Milton Talley, Union
'City. Tenn.; Henry H. Page. Saratoga.
Tex.; Sam H. Pentecost, Doucette, Tex.;
Irvin Sims. Alto. Tex.; Thomas E. St.
Clair, Junction. Tex.; Luarcius B. Arnai
go. El Paso, Tex.; George R. Baker, Car
ter Valley, Tex.; Edgar C. Barnes,
Ranger Tex.
Benjamin Birmingham. Corpus Chris
ti. Tex.; Milton Brown, Pilot Point, Tex.;
William L. Cook. Aquilla, Tex.; Rupert
Davis. Frisco, Tex.; Albert Diaz, Mission,
Tex.: Sixton Flores, Alice. Tex.; Edward
C. Feyrer. Weiner, Tex.; Louis T. John
ston, Paris. Tex.; Merle S. Kingham.
Roosevelt. Tex.; William Keown, Sand
Spring. Tex.; Frank Kosseath, San An
tonio. Tex.; Marion F. Lambert, Rotan,
Texas.
Jacob W. Martin, Fort Worth Texas;
Miguel Martinez, San Diego. Texas;
John F. McDonnell, Hinton, Okla.; Wil
liam F. McMurry, Royse City, Texas;
'George A. Altwein, Temple, Texas;
I David Cisneros, Brownsville, Texas;
Florencio Erras, Alice. Texas; Elton L.
Edmondson, Strawn, Texas; Guadalupe
Garza, Rio Grande. Texas; Thomas E.
Hudgeons, Hallettsville. Texas; Ribert
E. Lee Hickey Denton. Texas; Roy W.
May. Lindale. Texas; William Morreah.
Leon Springs, Texas; George Moreno.
Pearsall, Texas; Sidney R. Nall, Gaines
ville, Texas; Ben V. Owens, Candadian,
Texas.
Henry Oxford. Turnesville, Tex.; Au
gei Perez, San Antonia. Tex.; Homer
Pullin. French Camp. Miss.; Clarence
Paul, Alexandria. La.; Juan C. Perez,
Boerne. Tex.; Theodore Pollak, Adkius.
Tex.; Robbie C. Ray. Seymour. Tex.;
Lucio Ramos. San Antonio, Tex.: Bar
ney H. Kay. Temple, Tex.: < irilo Rodri-
► gnez. Bergsmil). Tex.; Edward L. Routt.
Pecan Gap. Tex.: Richard Schulze,
j Boerne, Tex.; Oscar L Smith, Winters.
■ Tex.; James F. Sparkniari. Frisco, Tex.,
I Daniel D Trobridge. Strawn, Tex.; Ru
i fus W. Tass, San Saba. Tex.; Joe L. Tay
i ior, San Antonio, Tex.; John R. Terry,
• Aquilla. Tex.
I Eugene Tumlfnson. Bishop. Tex.; John
► IE. Weatherall, Dallas, Tex.; Hugo Wei-
rich, Fredericks, Tex.; Walter L. Whlt-
- ting ton, Sherman, Tex.; William R. Wil-
• son, Canton. Tex.: James C. Wood, Tan-
- tis, Tex.; Jose Ybarro, Laredo, Tex.;
Edward F. Young. Gilmer, Tex.; Patrick
i H. White. Dallas, Tex.; Rosendo Diaz.
Narjana. Tex.; Hugh Alexander, Cumber
land Gap. Tenn.: William O. Dyer. Black-
► stone. Va.: Sergeant Bernard L. Tulling
ton. Phoebus, Va.; William T. George.
► Waverly. Tenn.; Roger Baker. Levee. Ky
i Small Loss Attributed
To Discipline of Men
• WASHINGTON. Feb. 11.- The rela
tively small loss of life among Ameri
can soldiers aboard the Tuscania is at-
( Continued on Page 7, Column •.)
RUSSIA QUITS Wifi.
ORDERING SOLDIERS
TO LEAVE FRONTIERS
While Pact Has Not Been
Actually Signed, Dispatch
Says State of War Has Been
Declared Ended
AMSTERDAM, Feb. 11.—Russia has
declared the state of war to be at an
I end and has ordered the demobilization
of Russian forces on all fronts, ac
cording to a dispatch received here to
day from Brest-Litovsk, dated Sunday.
The dispatch follows: “The presi
dent of the Russian delegation at to
day's (Sunday’s) sitting stated that
while Russia was desisting from sign
ing a formal peace treaty it declared
the state of war to be ended with Ger
many. Austria-Hungary, Turkey and
Bulgaria, simultaneously giving orders
for complete demobilization of Russian
forces on all fronts.”
Details Given- of Signing
Ukrainian Peace Treaty
AMSTERDAM, Feb. 11.—A dispatch
from Bresit-Litovsk via Berlin giving
the details of the conference at which
the peace treaty between the central
power and new Ukrainian republic was
signed, has been received here. The
dispatch follows:
“It was possible to announce at the
beginning of the last pause in the ne
gotiations that the basis for the con
clusion of peace between the quadruple
alliance and the Ukrainion peoples* re
public has been found. After the re
turn of the delegation to Brest-Litovsk
negotiations on this basis were contin
ued, and agreement on all points was
established. Owing to the technical dif
ficulties connected with the five treaty
texts, it was not possible to hold a
formal sitting and affix signatures un
til in the early morning hours of Sat
urday.
“Dr. Richard von Kuehlmann, Ger
man foreign minister, as president, op
ened the sittfng Shortly before 2 o’clock
in the morning with the following
speech: \
“Gentlemen, non*, of you will be
able to close his eyes to the historical
significance of this hour at which th*
representatives of the four allied pow
ers met with th® representatives of
the Ukrainian people's republic to sign
the first peace attained in this world
war. This peace, signed with your
young state, which has emerged from
the storms of the great war, gives spe
cial satisfaction to the representatives
of the allied delegation. May this peace
be the first of a series of blessed con
clusions; peace, blessed both for the
allied powers and for the Ukrainian
peoples' republic for the future of which
we all cherikh the be.st wishes.’
“The president of the Ukrainian del
egation replied:
Hoped to Tnd War
“ 'We state with joy that from this
day peace begins between the quadruple
alliance and Ukrainia. We came here
in the hope that we should be able to
achieve a general peace and make an
end of this fratricidal war. The poli
tical situation, however, is such that not
all of the powers are met here to sign
a general peace treaty. Inspired with the
most ardent' love for our people and
recognizing that this long war has ex
hausted the cultural national powers
of our people, we must now divert all
of our strength to do our part to bring
about a new ora and a new birth. We
are firmly persuaded that we conclude
this peace in the interests of great
democratic masses ahd that peace will
contribute to the general determina
tion of the great war. We gladly state
here that the long, hard labor perform
ed at Brest-Litovsk has been crowned
with success and that we have attained
a democratic peace honorable to both
parties. I'Yom today the Ukrainian peo
ple’s republic is born to new life and
it enters as an independent state the
circle of nations. It ends war on its
fronts, and it will see to it that all
of the powers which in it lie will rise
to new life and flourish.’
“Dr. Von Kuehlmann then invited the
representatives to sign the peace treaty.
At one minute before 2 o’clock, Dr. Von
Kuehlmann, as the first signatory, sign
ed a copy of the treaty prepared for
Germany and by 2:20 o’clock all of the
signatures appeared."
Text of Treaty
The treaty is entitled:
“A treaty of peace between Germany,
Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey
on one part and the Ukrainian people’s
republic on the other.”
The preamble states that the Uk
rainian people having, in course of the
present world war, declared itself to
be independent and expressed a wish
to restore peace between itself and the
powers at war, Russia desires “to take
the first step toward a lasting world’s
peace, honorable to all parties, which
shall not only put an end to the hor
rors of war, but also lead to the restora
tion of friendly relations of the people,
in political, legal, economic and intel
lectual realm.”
The names of all the plenipotentiaries
engaged ,n the negotiations are then
set forth and they are declared to have
reached an agreement on the following
points:
“Article 1. German; . Austria-Hun
gary Bulgaria and Turkey on the one
hand and the Ukrainian people's republic
oti the other, declare that the state of
war between them is at an end. The
contracting parties are resolved hence
forth to live in peace tand friendship
with one another.
Boundary Lines
“Article 11. Between Austria-Hun
gary or. the one hand and the Ukrainian
people's republic on the other hand as
far as these two powers border one an
other, those frontiers will exist which
existed before the outbreak of the pres
ent war between the Austro-Hungarian
monarchy and Russia. Further north
the frontier of the republic beginning
at Tarnegrad will in general follow
the line of Bilgerey to Sroezebezszy,
Kras nos tau, Pugaszoe, Radzyn, Mcs-
(Continued oa Png* 7, Column 3.)
ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1918.
TEXT OF WILSON’S
MESSAGE ON PEACE
WASHINGTON, Feb. 11.—Presi
dent Wilson spoke as fol
lows:
Gentlemen of the Congress:
On the Bth of January I had the.
honor of addressing you on the ob
jects of the war as our people con
ceive them. The prime minister of
Great Britain had spoken in similar
terms on the sth of January. To
these addresses the German chan
cellor replied on the 24th and
Count Czernin for Austria on the
same day. It is gratifying to have
our desire so promptly realized that
all exchanges of views on this great
matter should be made in the hear
ing of all the world.
Count Czernin’s reply, which is
directed chiefly to my own address
on the Bth of January, is uttered
in a very friendly tone. He finds
in my statement a sufficiently en
couraging approach to the views of
his own government to justify him
in believing that it furnishes a basis
for a more detailed discussion of
purposes by the two governments.
He is represented to have inti
mated that the views he was ex
pressing had been communicated be
forehand and that I am sure he was
misunderstood. I had received no
intimation of what he intended to
say. There was of course, no rea
son why he should communicate
privately with me. I am content to
be one of his public audiences.
Confined To Generalities
Count Von Hertling’s reply is, I
must say, very vague and very con
fusing. It is full of equivocal
phrases and leads it is not clear
where. But it is certainly in a very
different tone from that of Count'
Czernin, and apparently of an op
posite purpose. It confirms, I am
sorry to say, rather than removes,
the unfortunate impression made by
what we had learned of the confer
ences at Brest-Litovsk. His dis
cussion and acceptance of our gen
eral principles lead him to no prac
tical conclusions. He refuses to ap
ply them to substantive Items which
must constitute the body of any
final settlement. He is jealous of
international action and of interna
tional counsel. He accepts, he says,
the principles of public diplomacy?
but he appears to insist that it be
confined, at any rate in this case, to
generalities and that the several
particular questions of territory and
sovereignty, the "several questions
upon whose settlement must depend
the acceptance of peace by the
twetity-three states now engaged in
the war, must be discussed and set
tled, not in general counsel, but
severally by the nations most im
* mediately concerned by Interest or
neighborhood.
Must Return Colonies
He agrees that the seas should be
free, but looks askance at any lim
itation to that freedom by interna
tional action in the interest of com
mon order. He would without re
serve be glad to see economic bar
riers removed between nation and
nation, for that could in no way im
pede the ambitions of the military
party with whom he seems con
strained to keep on terms. Neither
does he raise objection to a limita
tion of armaments. That matter
will be settled of itself, he thinks,
by the economic conditions which
must follow the war. But the Ger
man colonies, he demands, must be
returned without debate. He will
discuss with no one but the repre
sentatives of Russia what disposi
tion shall be made of the peoples
and the lands of the Baltic prov
inces; with no one but the govern
ment of France the '’conditions” un
der which French territory shall be
evacuated; and only with Austria
what shall be done with Poland. In
the determination of all questions
affecting the Balkan states he de
fers, as I understand him, to Aus
tria and Turkey; and with regard to
the agreement to be entered into
concerning the non-Turklsh people
of the present Ottoman empire, to
the Turkish authorities themselves.
THE TRUTH ABOUT BELGIUM
Told by Brand Whitlock
WATCH for the first article, which will appear bornly to the task of keeping this record—and
beginning FEBRUAJRY 19TH. carried it on unceasingly—until now—he gives us
this stupendous story: terrible —pitiful, magnlfi-
The Atlanta JOURNAL has secured the eocclu- cent in its infinitely vital truth —which must stir
sive right to publish THIS GREAT STORY in the every true American, and brings us closer to the
state of GEORGIA, which will reveal most vividly time—when America strikes—with all her might
and accurately at the Destroyer of Belgium.
THE TERRIBLE BRUTALITY OF THE GERMANS j t a ppea r j n installments in this paper, be-
All doubts and denials, all the allowances that ginning with the issue of February 19th. If your
we, a generous-minded people have made for seem- time has exp i re d or you are not a subscriber now
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Brand Whitlock tells us the terrible truth that not miss a single part of this great story,
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You will Va and desola- or &<) for three years Tell all you Bee
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Name ’
P.O ’
R. F. d' No state
After a settlement all around, ef
fected tn this fashion by individual
barter and concessions he would
have no objection if I correctly in
terpret his statement, to a league of
nations which would undertake to
hold the new balance of power
steady against external disturbances.
Want Peace for World
It must be evident to every one
who understands what this war has
wrought in the opinion and temper
of the world that no general peace,
no peace worth the infinite sacrifices
of these years of tragical suffering,
can possibly be arrived at in any
such fashion. The method the Ger
man chancellor proposes is the
method of the congress of Vienna.
< We cannot and will not. return to
that. "What is at stake now is the
peace of the world. What we are
striving for is a new international
order based upon broad and univer
sal principles of right and justice—
no mere peace of shreds and
patches.”
Is it that Count HertUng does
not see that, does not grasp it, is
in fact living in his thought in a
world dead and gone? Has he ut
terly forgotten the reichstag reso
lutions of the nineteenth of July, or
does he deliberately ignore them?
They spoke of the conditions of a
general peace, not of national ag
grandizement or of arrangements
between state and state. The peace
of the world depends upon the just
settlement of each of the several
problems to which I adverted in my
recent address to the congress. I,
of course, do not mean that the
peace of the world depends upon
the acceptance of any particular set
of suggestions as to the way in
which those problems are to be
dealt with. I mean only that those
problems each and all affect the
whole world, that unless those are
dealt with in a spirit of unselfish
and unbiased justice, with a view
to the wishes, the natural connec
tions, the racial aspirations, the se
curity and the peace of the peoples
involved, no permanent peace will
have been attained. They cannot
be discussed separately or in cor
ners.
Cannot Be Had fog Aaking
None of them constitutes a private
or separate interest from which the
opinion of th* world may be shut
out. Whatever affects the peace af
fects mankind, and nothing settled
by military force. If settled wrong,
is settled at all. It will presently
have to be reopened.
Is Ccunt von Hertling not aware
that he is speaking in the court of
mankind, that all the awakened na
tions of the world now sit in judg
ment on what every public man, of
whatever nation, may say on the is
sues of a conflict which has spread
to every region of the world? The
reichstag resolutions of July them
selves frankly accepted the decis
ions of that court. There shall be
no annexations, no contributions, no
punitive damages. Peoples are not
to be handed about from one sov
ereignty to another by an interna
tional conference or an understand
ing between rivals and antogonists.
National aspriations must be re
spected; peoples may now be domi
nated and governed only by their
own consent. “Self determination”
is not a mere phrase. It is an im
perative principle of action, which
statesmen will henceforth Ignore at
their peril. We cannot have general
peace for the asking, or by the mere
arrangements of a peace confer
ence.
All Must Join in. Settlement
It cannot be pieced together out
of individual understandings be
tween powerful states. All the par
ties to this war must join in the
settlement of every issue anywhere
involved in it; because what we are
seeking is a peace that we can all
unite to guarantee and maintain and
every item of it must be submitted
to the common judgment whether it
be right and fair, an act of justice,
rather than a bargain between sov
ereigns.
The United States has no desire
to interfere in European affairs or
to act as arbiter in European terri
torial disputes. She would disdain
to take advantage of any internal
weakness or disorder to impose her
own will upon another people. She
is quite ready to be shown that the
settlements she has suggested axe
not the best or the most enduring.'
They are only her own provisional
sketch of principles and of the way
in which they should be applied.
But she entered this war because
she was made a partner, whether
she would or not, in the sufferings
and indignities inflicted by the
military masters of Germany,
against the peace and security of
mankind; and the conditions of
peace will touch her as nearly as
they will touch any other nation to
which is entrusted a leading part in
the maintenance of civilization. She
cannot see her way to peace until
the causes of this war are removed,
its renewal rendered as nearly as
may be impossible.
This war had Its roots in the dis
regard of the rights of srfiall na
tions and of nationalities which
lacked the union and the fopce to
make good their claim to determine
their own allegiances and their own
forms of political life. Covenants
must now be entered into which
will render such things impossible
for the future; and those covenants
must be backed by the united force
of all the nations that love justice
and are willing to maintain it at
any cost. If territorial settlements
and the political relations of great
populations which have not the or
ganized pewer to resist are to be
determined by the contracts of the
powerful governments which con
sider themselves most directly af
fected, as Count von .Hertling pro
poses, why may not economic ques
tions also? ,
Czernin Has Clear Vision
It has come about In the alter
ed world in which we now find
ourselves that justice and the
rights of the peoples affect the
whole field of international deal
ing as much as access to raw ma
terials and fair and equal condi
tions of trade.
- Count von Hertling wants the es
sential bases of commercial life to
be safeguarded by common agree
ment and guarantee, but he cannot
expect that to be conceded him if
the other matters to be determined
by the articles of peace are not
handled in the same way as items
in the final accounting. He cannot
ask the benefit of common agree
ment in the one field without ac
cording it in the other. I take it
for granted that he sees that sep
arate and selfish compacts with re
gard to trade and the essential ma
terials of manufacture<would af
ford no foundation for peace.
Neither, he may rest assured, will
separate and selfish compacts with
regard to provinces and peoples.
Count Czernin seems to see the
fundamental elements of peace
with clear eyes and does not seek
to obscure them. He sees that an
independent Poland, made up of all
the indisputably Polish peoples who
lie contigious to one another, is a
matter of European concern and
must, of course, be conceded; that
Belgium must be evactuated and
restored, no matter what sacrifices
and concessions that may Involve;
and that national aspirations must
be satisfied, even within his own
empire, in the common interest of
Europe and inankind. ts he is
silent about questions which touch
the interest and purpose of his al
lies more nearly than they touch
those of Austria only, it must, of
course, be because he feels con
strained. I suppose, to defer to
Germany and Turkey in the circum
stances. Seeing and conceding, as
he does, the essential principles In-
(Continued on Page 7, Column 5.)
NUMBER 40.
PRESIDEIff OPENLY
INVITES AUSTRIA TO
PEACEOISCIISSION
Lays Down Basis for Negotia
tions in Address to Con
gress—Severely Scores Teu
ton Militarists
WASHINGTON, Feb. 11.— President
Wilson today openly invited Austria to
further discussion of peace with the
United States.
In a remarkable address to congress in
joint session, the president laid down
the basis for such negotiations. Austria,
he said, "seeing and conceding the es
sential principles Involved and the ne
cessity of candidly applying them, can
respond to the purpose of peace as ex
pressed by the United States with less
embarrassment than could Germany.”
No peace is possible, he declared, on
German Chancellor von Hertling’s basis
—individual barter and concession.
The address was another broadside in
the president’s world campaign of “open
air diplomacy.”
It embodied an open bad to Austria
and a powerful stroke at the German
mdltarists. It aimed again to widen the
wedge between the Teuton peoples and
their junker rulers.
If the nations are to go further in j
their comparisons of views, the pre si- I
dent declared today, this foundation
must be adhered to:
His Principles
1— Every difficulty must be settled
on its own merits.
2 There shall be no bartering in na
tions as in the congress of Viemna.
3 The voice of the people must di
rect territorial settlements.
4 Full opportunity to carry out well
defined national aspirations must be
acknowledged.
On this foundation the president de
clared “ a general peace can be dis
cussed.”
Until such a peace can be attabietl
“we have no choice but to go on."
Germany, the president said, is trying
to arrange a peace following the methA,.
od of the congress of Vienna.
'.'We cannot and will not return to
that.''
H» scathingly attacked Chancellor
Heartling’s recent war aims speech as
“vague, confusing and full of equivocal
phrases.”
On the other hand, Count Czernin, the
Austrian premier, he said, “seems to
see the fundamental elements of peace
with clear eyes and does not seek td I
obscure them.” He expressed belief
that Czernin would have gone much fur
ther in his reply to the last war alms.
‘Tf it had not been for Austria’s al
liance with and dependence upon Ger- '
many.”
Threatens Mo One
In the present situation America J
threatens no one, the president declar- ?
ed; but to the end of attaining prin
ciples for which she entered the war
the United States "is rapidly mobiliz
ing its resources; is sending its army
to the fighting front” and "putting our
whole strength into this war of eman
cipation.”
And all the time, "she is quite ready,”
he added, "to be shown that the set
tlements she has suggested are not the
best or the most enduring. They are
only her provisional sketch of principles
and the way they should be applied.”
“America’s force,” he concluded, “is
a menace to no nation or people. It
will never be used in aggression or self
aggandizement. It springs out of free
dom and is for the service of freedom.”
Approved by Congress
Characterizing President Wilson’s ad
dress as a strong appeal to the peoples
of the central powers, members of con
gress expressed unqualified approval.
It was regarded as another big step
toward breaking the German people
away from their imperialistic masters.
The president was Interrupted by ap
plause at every reference to the United
'States standing steadfastly against a
patched-up peace. Probably the great
est applause broke out when the presi
dent declared that the militarists of
Germany were the only element now pre
venting a world peace. When he con
cluded, after speaking only twenty min
utes, the entire audience rose and
cheered.
Approval of the address was express
ed by many members of both houses,
who thought it opportune and the es
sence of a permanent peace.
Senator Reed, Democrat, thought It a
"shrewd move to dissolve Germany and
Austria.”
“It was every opportune, eloquent
and fine, and I heartily approve of it in
1 all of its phrases,” said Senator Swan
; son. Democrat.
“The speech puts the German rulers In
! a most awkward position and satisfies
:me that if our own people pull to
gether and there is no friction among
the allies the war will not last a year.
If the expected German offensive on
the western front fails, as I have no
1 doubt that it will, the Teuton imperial
ists cannot keep peace away from their
people for many months,” said Chair
man Flood, of the house foreign af
fairs committee.
“The address puts the whole ques
tion of peace right at the doors of the
German rulers,” said Representative
Sherley, Kentucky. “It points the way
to much better conditions for the Ger
man people, if they will only grasp the
friendly American hand.”
Minority Leader Gillette praised the
address as “another clear statement of
our intents and purpose with an appeal
to the liberal people of the central pow
ers.”
Meyer London, New York, epitomized
the address as mainly “an appeal to
■ the liberals of the world to throw off
, the yoke of imperialistic domination.”
“It indicated to ine clearly that the
i president sees something far more than
mere winning the war,” he said. “That
I comes first, but lie is also deeply con
•ern<d in the welfare of all peoples after
! the war. The president strove to drive
1 home that there is in fact an interna
! lional court —public opinion of the
world. lie pointed out clearly to von
• •
(Continued on Page 7, Column 4.)