About Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 12, 1918)
Atlanta Smwnal VOLUME XX. ALL POWERS READY FOR SINCERE PEACE EXCEPT GERMAN AUTOCRATS, SAYS WILSON TEXAN IS HERO OF ATTACK BY GERMANS I wEjwm Germany Believed to Be Using Peace With Small Countries as a Club to Force Russia Into Pact ' NEW YORK, Feb. 11.—(Summary of European Cables.) —While engaging in the daily increasing military activities ; in B<>gium. France and Italy, the cen tral powers are pushing their diplomatic advantages in the smaller enemy coun tries with the view, it is believed, of forcing the Bolshevik government of Russia to accept a separate peace. The new Ukrainian peoples republic, which, however, the Bolshevik leaders at Pe trograd declare, does not exist, has made a peace agreement with the i quadruple alliance, which in the mean- | time holds the threat of military power ' over Rumania to force a similar pact with that country. On February 6. Field Marshal von Mackensen is reported in German newspapers to have given the Rumanian government three days tn which to enter peace negotiations with Germany. This time limit has expired, the Rumanian cabinet has resigned as a ■onsequence of the ultimatum, and the Germans are reported to have repaired the oil wells in Rumania which the British damaged just previous to the Rumanian retreat. The new Ukrainian republic, according to a Stockholm re port. is said to have granted to the cen tral powers full facilities for the de velopment of important mineral lands In return for a large loan and the addi tion to her territory of a large part of eastern Galicia. On this phase of the agreement, as well as on the gen eral subject of a separate peace between the Ukrainian rada and the quadruple alliance, the Bolshevik government Is silent. London hying received nothing from the Russian capital to explain the Ukrainian situation. Tn France, where the American forces recently have engaged the enemy tn mi nor encounters, the violence of artil lery action is daily increasing On both sides of the Meuse and in the Vosges the French and Germans are engaged In an artillery duel, while frequent en emy raids on French positions are re ported. the most recent in the region of Houreullles having failed. Details of the encounter*on Friday; night with- the* superior German force ■ in the region of St. Mihlrt show that rvery American fought desperately to overcome the larger force of the enemy. ' Suddenly coming upon the Germans In No Man's Land, the little party of four teen Ajperlcans quickly changed forma rion. and tn the minute and a half that oil owed before the enemy retreated the rifle gave way to hand grenade and automatics, so close were the combant »nts. On Saturday an American ar tillerymen was killed by shell fine and five others wounded. These casualties, though light, indicate that the American forces in the trenches have assumed their full share of the burden in the i-cctor under their control. As on other fronts, the big guns are bearing the brunt of the work in Italy. On the Asiago plateu ar.« west of Monte Grappa, artillery duels are reported to I • lively. Advanced Italian posts re pulsed two enemy raids south of Daone r*'itese. Texan Is Hero in Fight On German Ambushers WITH THE AMERICAN ARMIES TN I-RANCE. Feb. 10.—• Delayed.)—A Tex i- Sammy was the hero of Friday eve ning's patrol battle in which five Amer icans were killed and four captured, it was learned todaj. The Texan remained in No Man’s Land ifter the encounter, ministering to the wounded comrades. After ten minutes' of improptu first aid work, the Texan left a badly wound ca Sammy in charge of another wounded man. aho was trying to stanch the flow of blood from the seriously wounded lad's hurts. Making his way back to the American trench the Texan filled his canteen with prater and returned to his comrades. He round the man who had been seriously wounded lying dead tn the arms of the other who was crying: "For God’s buddy, don't die to night. Let's get another crack at the dirty Boches—” Tbp Texan brought both the wounded man and the dead Sammy back to the .American lines. The full story of how the American patrol fought against death in the dark ness among the wire entanglements, was learned today, when survivors were able to talk after fumes had departed from their lungs in the base hospital. They told how fourteen Sammies started crawling out through the dew sprinkled weeds and grasses between fires at 6 o’clock in the evening and In -peettd the wires until eight. Then the sergeant leading the patrol, whispering, ■autioned the others that the enemy was near. All flopped earthward. A moment later the patrol leader whispered the ommand: "All bunch together." The next instant the Boches shower ed them with grenades, and rifle and pistol fire. The Sammies responded In kind. * It was all over within a minute and a half. The Boches fled with four captives from the head of that patrol column. Two wounded men helped to bring in the sergeant patrol leader. Another patrol started out immediate ly and recovered the dead. They re ported they heard the Boches dashing • homeward through the American bar rage which had been laid down between them and the German trenches. Survivors say the Boches shouted: "Kariraa” continuously . during the lighting. The dead were buried today, in the growing American graveyard, within the shadow of a great ammunition dump. Simple d.-i. crosses bearing the imperishable legend "'killed in action.” mark each little mound of earth. Comrades billeted in the battered vll- (Oonttxmd on Page 7, Column 2.) Full Associated Press Service ALL GEORGIANS DN ITUSCANIA REPORTED 1 AMONG SURVIVORS Estimate of Loss of 113 Sol diers When Big Transport Was Torpedoed Last Tues day Remains Unchanged Arrendale and Ward Among the Survivors All Georgians on the torpedoed transport Tuscan ia have been saved, j according to reports from Washing ton. The latest cables brought the names of Charles R. Arrendale, Jack sonville. Ga_. and Edward C. Ward, Newport, Ga„ among the survivors. , Eight other Georgians previously had Been reported saved. They are: Courtland S. Winn. Jr.. Atlanta: Lieu tenant Joseph R. Bost. Atlanta; .. Charles H. Greer. Union Point; "Boyd E. Hancock, Thomasville; Hardy G. , Robinson. Lawrenceville; Robert Lee Malone. Valdosta; Allen W. Harris. Winder; Edward J. Peacock, Vienna. ■ WASHINGTON. Feb. 11.—From a list of 1,832 American soldiers saved from the torpedoed Tuscania thus far report ed to the war department, the Asso ciated Press today is enabled to give the names of more than 300 soldiers aboard still unaccounted for. No report has reached the department to change the estimate that only 113 American sol diers were lost and officials, although expecting additional names to come in slowly, could give no assurance as to when the list would be complete. The names already received by the war department checked against the sailing list of troops show 345 men unaccounted for, but thirty-five names of survivors were made public last night which do not appear in the sailing lis . it is assumed that some soldiers p<*-s. •!>* went aboard the Tus cania at the .asl moment without being recorded on the sailing list and also that members of the crew may have been among the military survivors. ; The list compiled by the Associated ’ Press represents an aggregate of 143 I hours work. The war department had ' issued an official roster of the troops aboard the ship, the committee on pUb- I lie information has made no effort to ' compile a list of misking, merely issu ing a list of the survivors. List of Southerners Who Are Still Missing Southerners whose names were given out by the public information committee •in Washington as among those saved but whose names do not appear on the roster of the soldiers aboard the ship are as follows. William R. Shaw, Mercy, Tex.; William A. Cherry, Demopolis, : Alabama. It is assumed that some soldiers were sent aboard the steamer at the last mo ment and that their names had not been recorded on the passenger list. Southerners who are still missing are las follows: Walter L. Brown. Pera, Va.: Lambert H. Mocker. Nashville, Tenn.; William A. Hartsock. Rapidan, Va.; Philip E. Weigand. Baltimore, Md.; Ruel A. Par rott. Garrison. Tex.; Milton Talley, Union 'City. Tenn.; Henry H. Page. Saratoga. Tex.; Sam H. Pentecost, Doucette, Tex.; Irvin Sims. Alto. Tex.; Thomas E. St. Clair, Junction. Tex.; Luarcius B. Arnai go. El Paso, Tex.; George R. Baker, Car ter Valley, Tex.; Edgar C. Barnes, Ranger Tex. Benjamin Birmingham. Corpus Chris ti. Tex.; Milton Brown, Pilot Point, Tex.; William L. Cook. Aquilla, Tex.; Rupert Davis. Frisco, Tex.; Albert Diaz, Mission, Tex.: Sixton Flores, Alice. Tex.; Edward C. Feyrer. Weiner, Tex.; Louis T. John ston, Paris. Tex.; Merle S. Kingham. Roosevelt. Tex.; William Keown, Sand Spring. Tex.; Frank Kosseath, San An tonio. Tex.; Marion F. Lambert, Rotan, Texas. Jacob W. Martin, Fort Worth Texas; Miguel Martinez, San Diego. Texas; John F. McDonnell, Hinton, Okla.; Wil liam F. McMurry, Royse City, Texas; 'George A. Altwein, Temple, Texas; I David Cisneros, Brownsville, Texas; Florencio Erras, Alice. Texas; Elton L. Edmondson, Strawn, Texas; Guadalupe Garza, Rio Grande. Texas; Thomas E. Hudgeons, Hallettsville. Texas; Ribert E. Lee Hickey Denton. Texas; Roy W. May. Lindale. Texas; William Morreah. Leon Springs, Texas; George Moreno. Pearsall, Texas; Sidney R. Nall, Gaines ville, Texas; Ben V. Owens, Candadian, Texas. Henry Oxford. Turnesville, Tex.; Au gei Perez, San Antonia. Tex.; Homer Pullin. French Camp. Miss.; Clarence Paul, Alexandria. La.; Juan C. Perez, Boerne. Tex.; Theodore Pollak, Adkius. Tex.; Robbie C. Ray. Seymour. Tex.; Lucio Ramos. San Antonio, Tex.: Bar ney H. Kay. Temple, Tex.: < irilo Rodri- ► gnez. Bergsmil). Tex.; Edward L. Routt. Pecan Gap. Tex.: Richard Schulze, j Boerne, Tex.; Oscar L Smith, Winters. ■ Tex.; James F. Sparkniari. Frisco, Tex., I Daniel D Trobridge. Strawn, Tex.; Ru i fus W. Tass, San Saba. Tex.; Joe L. Tay i ior, San Antonio, Tex.; John R. Terry, • Aquilla. Tex. I Eugene Tumlfnson. Bishop. Tex.; John ► IE. Weatherall, Dallas, Tex.; Hugo Wei- rich, Fredericks, Tex.; Walter L. Whlt- - ting ton, Sherman, Tex.; William R. Wil- • son, Canton. Tex.: James C. Wood, Tan- - tis, Tex.; Jose Ybarro, Laredo, Tex.; Edward F. Young. Gilmer, Tex.; Patrick i H. White. Dallas, Tex.; Rosendo Diaz. Narjana. Tex.; Hugh Alexander, Cumber land Gap. Tenn.: William O. Dyer. Black- ► stone. Va.: Sergeant Bernard L. Tulling ton. Phoebus, Va.; William T. George. ► Waverly. Tenn.; Roger Baker. Levee. Ky i Small Loss Attributed To Discipline of Men • WASHINGTON. Feb. 11.- The rela tively small loss of life among Ameri can soldiers aboard the Tuscania is at- ( Continued on Page 7, Column •.) RUSSIA QUITS Wifi. ORDERING SOLDIERS TO LEAVE FRONTIERS While Pact Has Not Been Actually Signed, Dispatch Says State of War Has Been Declared Ended AMSTERDAM, Feb. 11.—Russia has declared the state of war to be at an I end and has ordered the demobilization of Russian forces on all fronts, ac cording to a dispatch received here to day from Brest-Litovsk, dated Sunday. The dispatch follows: “The presi dent of the Russian delegation at to day's (Sunday’s) sitting stated that while Russia was desisting from sign ing a formal peace treaty it declared the state of war to be ended with Ger many. Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria, simultaneously giving orders for complete demobilization of Russian forces on all fronts.” Details Given- of Signing Ukrainian Peace Treaty AMSTERDAM, Feb. 11.—A dispatch from Bresit-Litovsk via Berlin giving the details of the conference at which the peace treaty between the central power and new Ukrainian republic was signed, has been received here. The dispatch follows: “It was possible to announce at the beginning of the last pause in the ne gotiations that the basis for the con clusion of peace between the quadruple alliance and the Ukrainion peoples* re public has been found. After the re turn of the delegation to Brest-Litovsk negotiations on this basis were contin ued, and agreement on all points was established. Owing to the technical dif ficulties connected with the five treaty texts, it was not possible to hold a formal sitting and affix signatures un til in the early morning hours of Sat urday. “Dr. Richard von Kuehlmann, Ger man foreign minister, as president, op ened the sittfng Shortly before 2 o’clock in the morning with the following speech: \ “Gentlemen, non*, of you will be able to close his eyes to the historical significance of this hour at which th* representatives of the four allied pow ers met with th® representatives of the Ukrainian people's republic to sign the first peace attained in this world war. This peace, signed with your young state, which has emerged from the storms of the great war, gives spe cial satisfaction to the representatives of the allied delegation. May this peace be the first of a series of blessed con clusions; peace, blessed both for the allied powers and for the Ukrainian peoples' republic for the future of which we all cherikh the be.st wishes.’ “The president of the Ukrainian del egation replied: Hoped to Tnd War “ 'We state with joy that from this day peace begins between the quadruple alliance and Ukrainia. We came here in the hope that we should be able to achieve a general peace and make an end of this fratricidal war. The poli tical situation, however, is such that not all of the powers are met here to sign a general peace treaty. Inspired with the most ardent' love for our people and recognizing that this long war has ex hausted the cultural national powers of our people, we must now divert all of our strength to do our part to bring about a new ora and a new birth. We are firmly persuaded that we conclude this peace in the interests of great democratic masses ahd that peace will contribute to the general determina tion of the great war. We gladly state here that the long, hard labor perform ed at Brest-Litovsk has been crowned with success and that we have attained a democratic peace honorable to both parties. I'Yom today the Ukrainian peo ple’s republic is born to new life and it enters as an independent state the circle of nations. It ends war on its fronts, and it will see to it that all of the powers which in it lie will rise to new life and flourish.’ “Dr. Von Kuehlmann then invited the representatives to sign the peace treaty. At one minute before 2 o’clock, Dr. Von Kuehlmann, as the first signatory, sign ed a copy of the treaty prepared for Germany and by 2:20 o’clock all of the signatures appeared." Text of Treaty The treaty is entitled: “A treaty of peace between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey on one part and the Ukrainian people’s republic on the other.” The preamble states that the Uk rainian people having, in course of the present world war, declared itself to be independent and expressed a wish to restore peace between itself and the powers at war, Russia desires “to take the first step toward a lasting world’s peace, honorable to all parties, which shall not only put an end to the hor rors of war, but also lead to the restora tion of friendly relations of the people, in political, legal, economic and intel lectual realm.” The names of all the plenipotentiaries engaged ,n the negotiations are then set forth and they are declared to have reached an agreement on the following points: “Article 1. German; . Austria-Hun gary Bulgaria and Turkey on the one hand and the Ukrainian people's republic oti the other, declare that the state of war between them is at an end. The contracting parties are resolved hence forth to live in peace tand friendship with one another. Boundary Lines “Article 11. Between Austria-Hun gary or. the one hand and the Ukrainian people's republic on the other hand as far as these two powers border one an other, those frontiers will exist which existed before the outbreak of the pres ent war between the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and Russia. Further north the frontier of the republic beginning at Tarnegrad will in general follow the line of Bilgerey to Sroezebezszy, Kras nos tau, Pugaszoe, Radzyn, Mcs- (Continued oa Png* 7, Column 3.) ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1918. TEXT OF WILSON’S MESSAGE ON PEACE WASHINGTON, Feb. 11.—Presi dent Wilson spoke as fol lows: Gentlemen of the Congress: On the Bth of January I had the. honor of addressing you on the ob jects of the war as our people con ceive them. The prime minister of Great Britain had spoken in similar terms on the sth of January. To these addresses the German chan cellor replied on the 24th and Count Czernin for Austria on the same day. It is gratifying to have our desire so promptly realized that all exchanges of views on this great matter should be made in the hear ing of all the world. Count Czernin’s reply, which is directed chiefly to my own address on the Bth of January, is uttered in a very friendly tone. He finds in my statement a sufficiently en couraging approach to the views of his own government to justify him in believing that it furnishes a basis for a more detailed discussion of purposes by the two governments. He is represented to have inti mated that the views he was ex pressing had been communicated be forehand and that I am sure he was misunderstood. I had received no intimation of what he intended to say. There was of course, no rea son why he should communicate privately with me. I am content to be one of his public audiences. Confined To Generalities Count Von Hertling’s reply is, I must say, very vague and very con fusing. It is full of equivocal phrases and leads it is not clear where. But it is certainly in a very different tone from that of Count' Czernin, and apparently of an op posite purpose. It confirms, I am sorry to say, rather than removes, the unfortunate impression made by what we had learned of the confer ences at Brest-Litovsk. His dis cussion and acceptance of our gen eral principles lead him to no prac tical conclusions. He refuses to ap ply them to substantive Items which must constitute the body of any final settlement. He is jealous of international action and of interna tional counsel. He accepts, he says, the principles of public diplomacy? but he appears to insist that it be confined, at any rate in this case, to generalities and that the several particular questions of territory and sovereignty, the "several questions upon whose settlement must depend the acceptance of peace by the twetity-three states now engaged in the war, must be discussed and set tled, not in general counsel, but severally by the nations most im * mediately concerned by Interest or neighborhood. Must Return Colonies He agrees that the seas should be free, but looks askance at any lim itation to that freedom by interna tional action in the interest of com mon order. He would without re serve be glad to see economic bar riers removed between nation and nation, for that could in no way im pede the ambitions of the military party with whom he seems con strained to keep on terms. Neither does he raise objection to a limita tion of armaments. That matter will be settled of itself, he thinks, by the economic conditions which must follow the war. But the Ger man colonies, he demands, must be returned without debate. He will discuss with no one but the repre sentatives of Russia what disposi tion shall be made of the peoples and the lands of the Baltic prov inces; with no one but the govern ment of France the '’conditions” un der which French territory shall be evacuated; and only with Austria what shall be done with Poland. In the determination of all questions affecting the Balkan states he de fers, as I understand him, to Aus tria and Turkey; and with regard to the agreement to be entered into concerning the non-Turklsh people of the present Ottoman empire, to the Turkish authorities themselves. THE TRUTH ABOUT BELGIUM Told by Brand Whitlock WATCH for the first article, which will appear bornly to the task of keeping this record—and beginning FEBRUAJRY 19TH. carried it on unceasingly—until now—he gives us this stupendous story: terrible —pitiful, magnlfi- The Atlanta JOURNAL has secured the eocclu- cent in its infinitely vital truth —which must stir sive right to publish THIS GREAT STORY in the every true American, and brings us closer to the state of GEORGIA, which will reveal most vividly time—when America strikes—with all her might and accurately at the Destroyer of Belgium. THE TERRIBLE BRUTALITY OF THE GERMANS j t a ppea r j n installments in this paper, be- All doubts and denials, all the allowances that ginning with the issue of February 19th. If your we, a generous-minded people have made for seem- time has exp i re d or you are not a subscriber now ingly incredible reports—must be set aside when is time t 0 yO ur subscription to us so you Brand Whitlock tells us the terrible truth that not miss a single part of this great story, drives home the. horrible facts. Qu r prices are more than reasonable: 75 cents . . .... . . , for one year. $1 for 18 months, $1.25 for two You will Va and desola- or &<) for three years Tell all you Bee tion from an EYE-WITNESS Yon will s«b cities / th . g t gtory an(J induce them to sub . and houses and Cathedrals burned and blasted. scribe jf you can ra is e a club of five or more You will feel the horror of rapine, and will shrink subscr ibers and send to us at one time we will before the nameless brutality and the murder o ma ke a special club price of only 50 cents for a Edith Cavell. He KNOWS-and tells-powerfully. X y siTbscription. Raise a club for us in Faithfully—Brand Whitlock held himself stub- your community. It will not be necessary for you to write a letter if you sign your name and address to this coupon and send to us with your remittance. The Sentfi-Weekly Journal. Atlanta, Ga.: Enclosed find I for which send me The Atlanta Semi-Weekly Journal for months. Name ’ P.O ’ R. F. d' No state After a settlement all around, ef fected tn this fashion by individual barter and concessions he would have no objection if I correctly in terpret his statement, to a league of nations which would undertake to hold the new balance of power steady against external disturbances. Want Peace for World It must be evident to every one who understands what this war has wrought in the opinion and temper of the world that no general peace, no peace worth the infinite sacrifices of these years of tragical suffering, can possibly be arrived at in any such fashion. The method the Ger man chancellor proposes is the method of the congress of Vienna. < We cannot and will not. return to that. "What is at stake now is the peace of the world. What we are striving for is a new international order based upon broad and univer sal principles of right and justice— no mere peace of shreds and patches.” Is it that Count HertUng does not see that, does not grasp it, is in fact living in his thought in a world dead and gone? Has he ut terly forgotten the reichstag reso lutions of the nineteenth of July, or does he deliberately ignore them? They spoke of the conditions of a general peace, not of national ag grandizement or of arrangements between state and state. The peace of the world depends upon the just settlement of each of the several problems to which I adverted in my recent address to the congress. I, of course, do not mean that the peace of the world depends upon the acceptance of any particular set of suggestions as to the way in which those problems are to be dealt with. I mean only that those problems each and all affect the whole world, that unless those are dealt with in a spirit of unselfish and unbiased justice, with a view to the wishes, the natural connec tions, the racial aspirations, the se curity and the peace of the peoples involved, no permanent peace will have been attained. They cannot be discussed separately or in cor ners. Cannot Be Had fog Aaking None of them constitutes a private or separate interest from which the opinion of th* world may be shut out. Whatever affects the peace af fects mankind, and nothing settled by military force. If settled wrong, is settled at all. It will presently have to be reopened. Is Ccunt von Hertling not aware that he is speaking in the court of mankind, that all the awakened na tions of the world now sit in judg ment on what every public man, of whatever nation, may say on the is sues of a conflict which has spread to every region of the world? The reichstag resolutions of July them selves frankly accepted the decis ions of that court. There shall be no annexations, no contributions, no punitive damages. Peoples are not to be handed about from one sov ereignty to another by an interna tional conference or an understand ing between rivals and antogonists. National aspriations must be re spected; peoples may now be domi nated and governed only by their own consent. “Self determination” is not a mere phrase. It is an im perative principle of action, which statesmen will henceforth Ignore at their peril. We cannot have general peace for the asking, or by the mere arrangements of a peace confer ence. All Must Join in. Settlement It cannot be pieced together out of individual understandings be tween powerful states. All the par ties to this war must join in the settlement of every issue anywhere involved in it; because what we are seeking is a peace that we can all unite to guarantee and maintain and every item of it must be submitted to the common judgment whether it be right and fair, an act of justice, rather than a bargain between sov ereigns. The United States has no desire to interfere in European affairs or to act as arbiter in European terri torial disputes. She would disdain to take advantage of any internal weakness or disorder to impose her own will upon another people. She is quite ready to be shown that the settlements she has suggested axe not the best or the most enduring.' They are only her own provisional sketch of principles and of the way in which they should be applied. But she entered this war because she was made a partner, whether she would or not, in the sufferings and indignities inflicted by the military masters of Germany, against the peace and security of mankind; and the conditions of peace will touch her as nearly as they will touch any other nation to which is entrusted a leading part in the maintenance of civilization. She cannot see her way to peace until the causes of this war are removed, its renewal rendered as nearly as may be impossible. This war had Its roots in the dis regard of the rights of srfiall na tions and of nationalities which lacked the union and the fopce to make good their claim to determine their own allegiances and their own forms of political life. Covenants must now be entered into which will render such things impossible for the future; and those covenants must be backed by the united force of all the nations that love justice and are willing to maintain it at any cost. If territorial settlements and the political relations of great populations which have not the or ganized pewer to resist are to be determined by the contracts of the powerful governments which con sider themselves most directly af fected, as Count von .Hertling pro poses, why may not economic ques tions also? , Czernin Has Clear Vision It has come about In the alter ed world in which we now find ourselves that justice and the rights of the peoples affect the whole field of international deal ing as much as access to raw ma terials and fair and equal condi tions of trade. - Count von Hertling wants the es sential bases of commercial life to be safeguarded by common agree ment and guarantee, but he cannot expect that to be conceded him if the other matters to be determined by the articles of peace are not handled in the same way as items in the final accounting. He cannot ask the benefit of common agree ment in the one field without ac cording it in the other. I take it for granted that he sees that sep arate and selfish compacts with re gard to trade and the essential ma terials of manufacture<would af ford no foundation for peace. Neither, he may rest assured, will separate and selfish compacts with regard to provinces and peoples. Count Czernin seems to see the fundamental elements of peace with clear eyes and does not seek to obscure them. He sees that an independent Poland, made up of all the indisputably Polish peoples who lie contigious to one another, is a matter of European concern and must, of course, be conceded; that Belgium must be evactuated and restored, no matter what sacrifices and concessions that may Involve; and that national aspirations must be satisfied, even within his own empire, in the common interest of Europe and inankind. ts he is silent about questions which touch the interest and purpose of his al lies more nearly than they touch those of Austria only, it must, of course, be because he feels con strained. I suppose, to defer to Germany and Turkey in the circum stances. Seeing and conceding, as he does, the essential principles In- (Continued on Page 7, Column 5.) NUMBER 40. PRESIDEIff OPENLY INVITES AUSTRIA TO PEACEOISCIISSION Lays Down Basis for Negotia tions in Address to Con gress—Severely Scores Teu ton Militarists WASHINGTON, Feb. 11.— President Wilson today openly invited Austria to further discussion of peace with the United States. In a remarkable address to congress in joint session, the president laid down the basis for such negotiations. Austria, he said, "seeing and conceding the es sential principles Involved and the ne cessity of candidly applying them, can respond to the purpose of peace as ex pressed by the United States with less embarrassment than could Germany.” No peace is possible, he declared, on German Chancellor von Hertling’s basis —individual barter and concession. The address was another broadside in the president’s world campaign of “open air diplomacy.” It embodied an open bad to Austria and a powerful stroke at the German mdltarists. It aimed again to widen the wedge between the Teuton peoples and their junker rulers. If the nations are to go further in j their comparisons of views, the pre si- I dent declared today, this foundation must be adhered to: His Principles 1— Every difficulty must be settled on its own merits. 2 There shall be no bartering in na tions as in the congress of Viemna. 3 The voice of the people must di rect territorial settlements. 4 Full opportunity to carry out well defined national aspirations must be acknowledged. On this foundation the president de clared “ a general peace can be dis cussed.” Until such a peace can be attabietl “we have no choice but to go on." Germany, the president said, is trying to arrange a peace following the methA,. od of the congress of Vienna. '.'We cannot and will not return to that.'' H» scathingly attacked Chancellor Heartling’s recent war aims speech as “vague, confusing and full of equivocal phrases.” On the other hand, Count Czernin, the Austrian premier, he said, “seems to see the fundamental elements of peace with clear eyes and does not seek td I obscure them.” He expressed belief that Czernin would have gone much fur ther in his reply to the last war alms. ‘Tf it had not been for Austria’s al liance with and dependence upon Ger- ' many.” Threatens Mo One In the present situation America J threatens no one, the president declar- ? ed; but to the end of attaining prin ciples for which she entered the war the United States "is rapidly mobiliz ing its resources; is sending its army to the fighting front” and "putting our whole strength into this war of eman cipation.” And all the time, "she is quite ready,” he added, "to be shown that the set tlements she has suggested are not the best or the most enduring. They are only her provisional sketch of principles and the way they should be applied.” “America’s force,” he concluded, “is a menace to no nation or people. It will never be used in aggression or self aggandizement. It springs out of free dom and is for the service of freedom.” Approved by Congress Characterizing President Wilson’s ad dress as a strong appeal to the peoples of the central powers, members of con gress expressed unqualified approval. It was regarded as another big step toward breaking the German people away from their imperialistic masters. The president was Interrupted by ap plause at every reference to the United 'States standing steadfastly against a patched-up peace. Probably the great est applause broke out when the presi dent declared that the militarists of Germany were the only element now pre venting a world peace. When he con cluded, after speaking only twenty min utes, the entire audience rose and cheered. Approval of the address was express ed by many members of both houses, who thought it opportune and the es sence of a permanent peace. Senator Reed, Democrat, thought It a "shrewd move to dissolve Germany and Austria.” “It was every opportune, eloquent and fine, and I heartily approve of it in 1 all of its phrases,” said Senator Swan ; son. Democrat. “The speech puts the German rulers In ! a most awkward position and satisfies :me that if our own people pull to gether and there is no friction among the allies the war will not last a year. If the expected German offensive on the western front fails, as I have no 1 doubt that it will, the Teuton imperial ists cannot keep peace away from their people for many months,” said Chair man Flood, of the house foreign af fairs committee. “The address puts the whole ques tion of peace right at the doors of the German rulers,” said Representative Sherley, Kentucky. “It points the way to much better conditions for the Ger man people, if they will only grasp the friendly American hand.” Minority Leader Gillette praised the address as “another clear statement of our intents and purpose with an appeal to the liberal people of the central pow ers.” Meyer London, New York, epitomized the address as mainly “an appeal to ■ the liberals of the world to throw off , the yoke of imperialistic domination.” “It indicated to ine clearly that the i president sees something far more than mere winning the war,” he said. “That I comes first, but lie is also deeply con •ern<d in the welfare of all peoples after ! the war. The president strove to drive 1 home that there is in fact an interna ! lional court —public opinion of the world. lie pointed out clearly to von • • (Continued on Page 7, Column 4.)
