Newspaper Page Text
agriculti/ralKI
Education mb
Siccsssna
. A M
This department will cneurruliy endeavor to furntsn any information
Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew I£. Soule, president State A<ri
eultaral College. Athena. Ga_
Chaap Port in th* South
Thera we aeveml factors which eater
into the economic production of pork
The first is the maintenance of hogs
as nearly a* possible on forage crops
which in this section of the country
may be made available during every
month in the /ear. The second propo
sition ta the proper supplemental feed
ing of the hogs while on forage crops
’ or during those seasons of the year
when they may not be available. The
third factor is management, and this
is a very important part of the under
taking. Every one knows. for in
stance. that a railroad may succeed
wonderfully well under the direction of
] one individual and fall entirely when
placed in charge of another man. Hence,
management is a matter which must
* be given the closest possible attention
The fourth factor to be considered is
breeding Thia refers particularly to
the management of the sows so they
will raise two litters a year of desir
able quality. There is nothing in main
taining a scrub animal unless it be for
the purpose of demonstrating how ex
pensive a luxury animals of this char
acter can become. Finally, after the
hogs have been produced and properly
finished there is the problem of mar
keting. Many a farmer has failed to
reap the rewards he was entitled to be
cause he did not study or consider the
factors entering into this part of the
problem.
La< us see. therefore, briefly what
should be considered under each one of
these heads, for in this way we may
be able to offer some advice and sug
gestions -of particular benefit to those
interested in hog production at this
time. In the matter of grazing crop®
the calendar would probably show those
which could best be utilised in January
to be crimson clover, rye. oats, barley
and alfalfa. In February rape should
be sown: In March, crimson clover,
alfalfa and the cereals can still be used,
and rape sown in January will be ready.
' In April alfalfa, the cereals and rape
can still be used Spring-sown oats
should prove valuable for grazing dur
ing this month. In late March or early
April corn and soy beans should be
planted They will be ready for use
sometime in June if early-maturing va
rieties are selected. In May spring
sown cereals and alfalfa and vetch
will be the principal crops to depend
on In April and May. plantings of
cowpeas, soy beans, velvet beans, pea
nuts. add corn and sorgbunr to be
made to be used for summer and fall
pastures In July and August the
main dependence will be upon early t
planted crops of soy beans, sowpeas and
corn and sorghum. By September the
peanuts will be ready, and their use
can be continued through October. No
vember and December. There may be
grazed in association with them velvet
beans and corn planted to mature at
different times, and also sorghum, cow
peas and soy beans Thus, it is pos
sible to have a satisfactory succession
of grazing crops throughout the year.
Os course, it is not reasonable to ex-
J pect that they will all be equally! val
uable. There are certain seasons dur
y ing which a good deal of supplemental
grdin should be fed In fact. this
should be the practice when there is
any shortage in forage crops, or
should there be any period in which
they are not of satisfactory quality as
to the amount of, water they contain
and the. proportion of matured grain
they provide for the hogs grazing on
them '
When supplemental fations are nec
essary various materials may be used
Corn will represent the basis of most
rations for hogs. Thirty pounds of it
fed along with skim milk will make a
fine supplemental food. Sixty pounds of
. corn with forty pounds of peanut meal,
and fifty pounds of corn and fifty pounds
of velvet bean meal may be used. These
are comparatively cheap rations in Geor
gia and may be made available on the
great majority of farms. The hogs
should be well supplied with mineral
matter at all times. For this purpose
a mixture of one bushel each of char
coal and wood ashes and eight pounds
of air-slaked lime, eight pounds of com
mon salt, four pounds of sulphur and
two pounds of pulverized copperas will
be found very satisfactory. This mix
ture should be placed where the hogs
can have free access to it. but should
be kept dry The hogs should be fed
regularly and the young pigs taught
to eat as soon as possible.. Efforts
should be made as a rule to finish the
fall litters off for‘March or April de
livery. Young pigs farrowed in the
spring to be carried through the sum
mer should receive some grain, say at
the rate of two or three pounds per
day per 100 pounds of live weight. Sup
ply them abundantly with fresh water
during the summer months. Protect
them from cholera by inoculating with
preventive serum.
As soon as the grazing crops are
available from spring sowings turn the
hogs into the field. There should be a
pasture to which they may have ac
cess. and it is desirable that an abun
dance of shade be provided. Finish the
pigs from spring farrowing in Novem
ber or early December. It is particu
larly important in cold weather to see
that the hors are provided with warm,
dry. well bedded, sanitary quarters.
. Few people realize the full importance
of this statement, and hence conditions
are allowed to pertain which frequently
..KT! >■ ztAuiifui CDCC'
LACE CURTAINS r REE
g Wrtte Rowhad Sahra to tail at 25e
K ww per box. High.jr recommended for burns, acres,
tetter, piles, catarrh, er rat, bunions, ate. Re-
LX/ ter* to as 12 and we will promptly send you 4
Kjf (’.wopair) Nottinchamiaeeeurtatns. tofit any win
rri dow, or ebotee from our larye eataloc. Our aalv,
tai3 is an easy ae'ler: order today. WE TRUST YOU.
•OSORIO ratFUMECa. $■ m WafcHro.MC
LTrm iW j wniij
a tolar Iron Cart* A Beaaly Ca, ■ mm, to ' J
Kero-Oil Engines 4mm
T~« M „ HMfn, c«t '
2 £L 2 P. H K r S<k ’* 1 Own< ■
v-■ toV.t,uGSTMmySjcH
ERGIM£ WORKS so d.’. I
Many are aakiac $1?.00 aad per day. eaa
ainc Frrnt and Vccetat.es for aaiaei. M«k
ton and hoar see w.th a ig-...
*VAVO«nT’ KOMK CANNRR f
Made toner, last tenter an waste. r”va best f- _ h \
ressita uses less furL eaty ta epente. te 'K
Pn» >3.25 sad up. We fara>,h csss J
tod lateia Wnte for FXIZ BOOKLET. V
We alao maanfactoro Homa and CoMTOMeitw
Steasa Pressure Outfits.
The Carolina Motal Products Co.,
Post Offxa Box 117 Wilmington. N. C.
result in the useless destruction of many
valuable animals, through encouraging
the development of disease by keeping
them in insanitary quarters and not pro
viding them with a sufficient amount of
exercise and fresh water.
Sows before farrowing should be put
in special pens arranged so as to pre
vent the hogs from lying on the young.
Remember that before and after farrow
ing it is very important to give the
sow the best possible care. Easily di
gested food should be fed and only
moderate amounts given for several days.
The pens should be carefully disin
fected and the animals kept free from
worm infestation. The pigs should be
weaned at eight to ten weeks and in
oculated against cholera about ten days
after weaning. Also be sure to keep
them free of lice. This is easily accom
plished by dipping about every ten
days three or four times in one of the
coal tar preparations. Brood sows should
be kept in separate pens from fattening
hogs and an effort should be made, to
bred them so as to have them farrow
in February or March, and from the
middle of May to the middle of June
for fall marketing. December and Janu
ary are the poorest months of the year
in which to market hogs. In February
the price as a rule advances toward the
top. which it reaches in late March or
early April. Heavy hogs should bring
their highest price in the spring of the
year. This is a very important fact to
bear in mind.
The operations of the hog plantation
may be profitable or otherwise, accord
ing to the character of finish, put on
the hogs, the grade or class In which
they will be placed by the finish ac
corded them and the time of year they
are marketed. The best time to market
late summer and fall pigs .18 March and
April. If you do not happen to have a
satisfactory market and you have less
than a carload of hogs yourself, get
your friends and neighbors together and
work out a plan whereby you can ship
several carloads. Any hogs ready for
market from August 20 to September 16
should bring a good price. Animals for
slaughter at this period should weigh
200 to 250 pounds. You should plan to
sell your hogs not later than October
as the market tends to decline after that
date.
* > *•
Correcting Undesirable Odors in Milk
C. E. C.. Moultrie, Ga., writes: My cow
seems to be in good condition, but ber milk
ia not good. Ve feed ber cottonseed meal
and halls. The night’s milk will be clab
bered, by morning, and .there will be wbey
’between tbe cream end clabber. When It is
- churned tbe milk settles to the bottom in
. bard grains. She ia broken ont on her fore
• legs and. a band scab forms on tbe places.
She is dipped twice a month. I will appre
ciate any help yoe can give me in tbe
■utter.
The first thing to do is to change the
ration you are feeding your cow. Cot
ton seed meal and hulls are all right
.when fed in the proper proportion. We
imagine, however, that you may have
been feeding too much of them. A
cow weighing say 1,000 pounds should
never .receive more than four pounds of
cotton seed meal per day. Three pounds
ts about the right amount to use where
it is fed for long periods of time. Bet
ter results will always attend its use
if fed in equal amounts with corn meal
or velvet bean meal. A combination of
all three in equal parts makes a good
mixture. When you . add the . concen
trates mentioned to the ration you may
increase it to about One pound per 100
pounds of live weight, providing the
cow is giving a good flow of milk, not
less than two gallons a day as a mini
mum. Provide your cow with some
green feed. You may imagine that she
gets plenty of this in the pasture, but
the chances are that some additional
green feed provided as a soiling crop
will be an advantage. Corn may be
used for this purpose or such other
crops as are available at this season of
the year.
With regard to the milk, we suggest
that you scald all the vessels used as
containers. You should do this with
boiling water and very persistent treat
ment is necessary. The vessels should
then be exposed to the sun for several
hours a day. Put them in a place where
they will be protected from contamina
tion by dust and dirt. If you are milk
ing your cow in the stable be sure to
clean it out and whitewash it thorougn
ly. The hands of the milker should be
carefully washed and the udder wiped
off before the milking commences, of
course, the milk will naturally sour
very quickly at this season of the year
owing to the very hot weather prevail
ing. To avoid this the best thing to do
ts to pour the milk from one pail to an
other several times immediately after it
is drawn This ehlps to get the animal
odor out of it and also aerates it. It
should then be cooled by placing tn
deep cans in running water or in a well
or some other cool place. A spring
house is admirable but is not available
on many farms. If you follow the prac
tice suggested, we think you will find
an improvement in the character of the
milk, that its period of ripening will be
prolonged, and that it will not separate
in the manner indicated.
With regard to the sores in question,
we would wash these off carefully with
hot water and then rub some healing
ointment on them such as white lotion,
or vaseUne and camphor. Anything
which has a cleansing, healing and pro
tective value may be used for this pur
pose The frequent repetition of this
I treatment h< necessary to effect
j a cure.
afe sB afc
Milk Substitutes for Young Calves.
!*• f-* Sav>nnab, Ga., writes: 1 atn trylnc
daiS Th?'’ I’!™, Wh ' <b 1 bod «' ,t from «
ok! Mil? 7 t fr ° m to ~x
. . “** rT «varce with me. and I
want to know if there is something 1 can
a, a substitute. f umM give t h? ®
milk, unt not enough to do
It is a difficult thing to raise calves
successfully without the use of any
skimmed milk. You can. however, han
dle them quite satisfactorily with the
use of a minimum amount of skimmed
milk after thpy become six weeks of
i We suggest that you try the fol
lowing method of procedure and see if
it does not prove fairly satisfactorily
and also prove economical in the matter
of saving milk.
When the calf is from two to four
days old separate it from the mother. It
should be kept out of her sight both for
the sake of the calf and the mother as
well For the first two weeks give the
calf about two quarts of the mothers
milk night and morning It should not
be a very difficult thing to induce the
calf to drink the rfhlk from the bucket.
The first week after It is dropped it
would be better, of course, to give it
three feeds instead of two At the end
of two weeks change from whole milk
to skimmed milk. Each day give a pint
less of the mother's milk and a pint
more of the skimmed milk. At the end
of two weeks you should begin to teach
the calf to eat grain. There is nothing
better for this ptfrpose than an equal
amount of cracked corn, oats and bran.
THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA. TUESDAY, JULY 16, 1018.
Jhafcs? InTERPGO o*
Dear Children:
As I promised, here you have the description of the comfort pillow and
the picture of the easel that go with it. The pillow has to be made of the
best grade of feather ticking and measures 12 inches by 16 inches finished,
the feathers in‘the pillow must be CLEAN and weigh one pound to the
pillow. We are asked to furnish two cases with each pillow. These cases
are made of Indian Head or similar materia] and measure 14 inches by 18
inches. This allows the inch hem all around, as shown in the picture. As
you see the back of the case is made in two pieces, which laps, and button
with three buttons, two inches from the hem. One of you might make the
pillow and your sister or chum make the cases if you find it too much to do
it all. If this isn’t clear, ask me questions, and please write me as soon as
you can what work you think you can do. Remember, we are soldiers and
our soldiers who are doing our fighting "over seas" are in need of our com
fort. .
Next week we will have a pictute and description of the property bags.
Lovingly, AUNT JULIA.
* * *
front ofCaso
Hear Aunt Julia: Will you please let a Geor
gia girl join your happy hand of boys and girls "t
Aunt Julia. I have written oust before, but did
not see it in print. I guess Air. Wastebasket
gobbled it up, so I will cotngi again.'
Come on. you Georgia bdjs and girls, and
just don’t let the other states get ahead of us! j
Oh, isn’t this war just awful? I think that :
we ali should do our bit to help win the war. I '
think that President Wilson ought to be presi- I
dent until thia war is ended. How many of I
you agree with me?
I am a member of tbe Junior Red Cross. 1
have bought me 8500 worth of War Savings j
Stamps aud want to buy more.
Well, as most of the cousins describe them j
selves, I will do the same, so here goes. Now ■
iton't you all get scared and run. I am 5 feet
6 inches tall, I have blue eyes and brown hair I
and fair complexion. I will leave my age for |
you to guess; it is between thirteen and seven- [
teen. How many of you cousins can tat and '
crochet. I can for one, and would like to ex- j
change samples with some of you.
Gladys Hooks, your letter was fine. Come
agaiq.
Hoping to see my letter in print, I will say
adieu to you all and go.
A new cousin.
CALLIE SUE ANDERSON.
Blakely, Ga.” R. F. D. No. 4. Box 21.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Here comes a
brother and sister to join your happy band. I,
Huth, am six years old, blue eyes, fair com
plexion and have dark hair. I, John, am three
years old, have blue eyes, fair complexion and
have light hair. Aunt Julia, please print this
for us. as it is a surprise for mamma
With much love to all,
RUTH MORGAN.
JOHN MORGAN.
Penland, N. June 19, 1918,
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: I wish to thank
you A*t Julia for printing my other letter;
thea if you think this one worth printing. I
will appreciate it very much if you will “grip”
it tight until Mr. Wastebasket is fast asleep.
Listen, boys and girls! Hedd the call of your
Uncle Sam; buy War Savings and Thrift
Stamps Let us stop spending so much for
foolishness and prove to our dear country that
we are 100 per cent Americans and not slack
ers. Are you with me in our new resolution?
By the way, how are your crops and war
gardens looking? My corn and potatoes are look
ing fine, and believe me. I am working them
thoroughly. You see, .1 am trying to do my
"bit” toward my country in everything and
you all must do the same. Understand?
Aunt Julia, we appreciate your advice very
much.. How can we ever thank you for your
kindness? You have some nice things to tell
us in every issue. So. I think I can speak
for all the cousins. We certainly do appre-
The grain should be fed immediately
after the milk has been consumed. Re
member that only clean, sanitary buck
ets or containers should be used for
feeding. Most of the troubles which
arise are due to neglect of this matter.
It is important to remember that over
feeding is to be avoided as well as un
derfeeding. A pint of skimmed milk to
each ten pounds of live weight is about
the right amount to use and not more
than one gallon should be given at a
feeding. Remember that the skimmed
milk should be fed at approximately 100
degrees Fahrenheit. If it is not fit for
human food it is not fit to be fed to
young calves.
Should scours occur, due to indiges
tion, give the calf two to four table
spoonfuls of castor oil and cut the milk
allowance in half, if this does not af
fect a cure, put one-half an ounce of
formaldehyde into fifteen and one-half
ounces of distilled water. Give one tea
spoonful of this mixture to each pint of
milk fed.
By following these directions and em
phasizing the use of the grain mixture
you can quickly teach calves to eat and
to grow and thrive on a minimum con
sumption of whole milk and skimmed
milk, thereby attaining successfully the
end you have in view.
* * *
Data Relative to Soy Bean Cultivation
•*. L. J.. Collins, Ga., write*: Will soy
beans make in now giouml? I wttilil also
like to know tbe best method of saving
peanut vine bay a .id also tbe last way to
handle 8| anisli peanuts where tney ' arc
grown for market
There is no reason why soy beans
should not make in new ground. As a
matter of fact, this crop grows well on
soil comparatively rich, and new ground,
we all know, contains a larger propor
tion of nitrogen than ground which has
been cultivated for some time. It is
simply a question of planting the crop
so as to insure covering it to a satis
factory depth, and the retention of suf-,
ficient moisture in* the soil to secure
rapid and uniform germination of the
seed. We would prefer to plant soy
beans in drill 24 to 36 inches apart
and cultivate lightly until they develop
sufficiently to shade the ground. At
this season of the year you had best
plant varieties which mature in 120 to
130 or 140 days. This is a very valu
able crop for grain production and will
also enrich your soil as well as it be
longs to the family of legumes. You
may cut and cure as hay or graze down
with hogs.
The best way to handle the peanut
crop is as folows: When it is fully
matured plow a furrow alongside and
under the row where the erpp has stood
so as to cut the roots where they range
through the soil. This loosens the pea
nuts and makes it easy to pull them out
of the ground. Then throw several rows
together. The peanuts may be taken
out by hand or with a fork. They should
then be piled around stakes several feet
high. The stakes should be circular and
should be well capped so as to shed
water. As soon as the peanuts have
sufficiently cured they may be threshed
or picked off in the most economical way
and the hay can then be preserved and
saved for food, tl is best not to feed
peanut hay to horses and mules, because
of the large amount of dust it contains
It is also unduly rich in nitrogen for
this class of stock. If used for work
stock it should be fed only when well
moistened and in combination with oth
er hays less rich in nitrogen. This hay
scan also be fed to advantage to beef
and dairy cattle. It is very nourishing
and they will thrive on it. This is the
accepted method of gathering and har
vesting peanuts tn the great peanut
areas of the country where peanuts are
to be used for commercial purposes and
the hay later fed.
»?' B<rfk of Case
- b
riate your advice and twe are sure we all will
profit by it. We are the kind that will take
advice, especially when we know it is for
our good.
Our boys in France seem to be proving they
are really the “stuff” their forefathers were
In the days of the Revolutionary war. and they
will continue to prove it until the kaiser and
his armies have been overcome. Let <us prove
our part at home. We will.'
My letter is now top long, but I could not
stop' sooner. All you cousins write me. I will
be pleased to hear from all. So write; hear?
Your cousin.
GAY WHITAKER.
Barnardsville. 8. C.
My Dear Aunt and Cousins: This is my sec
ond attempt to try to Join your happy band.
Hope I will succeed this time. Wake up. cous
ins, and help in some way to win the war!
Last year I was a member of the Schley
County Pig club. I gut a female Hampshire
she raised me eight little Hampshire pigs. I
sold seven at $12.50 apiece.; they brought me
$87.50. which I invested in Savings Stamps.
My father added enough to make SIOO. I have
my sow now aud one of the pigs thatwon’t
register, which I am going to fatten for pork.
Now, all you get ready and raise pigs and
help Uncle Sam. We will be sure to win.
My pig weighs about 80 pounds. He is almost'
a “gentleman.” Some of you cousins come
to see me and you will get to see this ’“little
gentleman.”
I guess it is the custom of all new cousins to
describe themselves: I am fourteen years of
age, weigh 115 pounds, have light hair, light
complexion and bine eyes. Please don’t run,
cousins. I want to talk a little longer.
Aunt Julia, please print this.
A new niece and cousin.
ALICE ROOKS.
LaCrosse. Ga.
Dearest Aunt Julia: Will you admit two lit
tle girls into yonr happy band? Our sges are
seven and ten. We live on a farm of about 120
acres and like it fine, but don't guess we would
like it so well if we had to help in the field.
We help mother in the house.
Our school begins in two weeks. Our teach
er's name is Miss Maiuje Ray. We like ber tine.
Unr pets we have four little kittens and fif
teen little biddies. Daddy has a Ford ear and
we surely do like to go. out riding.
How are you cousins going to spend the
Fourth? We are thinking of going off on a
picnic.
Well, as this is our first attempt, gues« we
had better close. Aunt Julia, please print
this, for we want to surprise daddy.
GEO.RGIA and MYRTICE POUNDS.
Doraville, Ga., Route ].
Dear Cousins: Will you admit three Georgia
girls into your bappy band. 1, Mildred, am
twelve years old and am 4 feet 10 Inches high,
have fair complexion, blue eyes and light bobbed
hair. 1. Louise, am eleven years old and am 4
feet 11' inches high, have dark complexion,
brown eyes and long, • brown hair. I, Mary
George, am nine years old and am 4 feet 2L
ipches high, have medium complexion, brown
eyes and brown, bobbed hair.
Aunt Jnlia, please print this, as it is our
second attempt to join the letter Box.
Your cousins,
MILDRED NEAL.
MARY GEORGE NEAL.
IAIUISE ARMSTRONG.
Shiloh. Ga.
Dear Aunt Julia: Will you admit a timid
little girl of fifteen summers, from dear old
South Carolina, into your happy band of boys
and girls? I have often wanted to write, but
like most timid people couldn't get up the
courage, until I read so many interesting let
ters in the last issue, then I just couldn’t re
sist the temptation any longer. H- w mn”y - f
the cousins belong to tbe Red Cross or the
Petriotic League? 1 belong .•> n.e x‘u . t
league and like it fine. We have made sleep
ing helmets, bed socks, scrapbooks. property
bags, and are now malting a quilt, made of red.
white and blue, for the soldiers. The ones
who belong to the Patriotic league know that
it isn't “till work aud no play.” for we go on
hikes, play games and have picnics, etc. For
fear there might be some who would like to
know bow I look, I'll describe myself. I have
brown hair and eyes and medium complexion.
I am five feet tall. I’d like very much to cor
respond with any of the cousins who think they
could stand the letters of a patriotic girl. With
love and best wishes to Aunt Julia and the
cousins. MARY HICKS.
Chesnee. 8. C.
Dear Aunt Julia: Will you welcome me in?
I have asked twice before and was not let in.
As most of you cousins are talking about war.
1 will try to say something about trying to
save all we can. We do not use sugar in our
canning, etc., but we use molasses in the place
of sugar. Some folks will say: Oh! I can’t
eat anything cooked in molasses. We must do
anything to win the war. How many will agree
with me? Anyone who won't try to save food
for the soldiers ought to be put in the first
line trenches to fight. Papa is helping the
Red Cross all he can. You all may think we
eat flour bread for breakfast—we eat corn
flour all the time. I haven't any brothers to
go to camp, but will have two uncles to go
pretty soon, and some cousins. Please excuse
pencil. Auntie. Your cousin and niece.
FLORA BROWN.
Carbon Hill, Ala.. R- 1-.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Here comes a
South Carolina girl seeking for admittance. I
am ten years old. I will be In the sixth grade
next year. _ , , 4
Hubert Boyd, here is tbe answer to your rid
dle: Ohio is.
We are living on a farm with my grandmoth
er and grandfather. I like it fine.
I have two uncles in the war, one a nurse
and the other a wireless operator, on the ocean
"somewticre.” We have a little baby one
vear old. Auntie, isn’t this war awful? It is
dreadful. .Just think of the poor lives that are
lost on the battlefield, killed by the German
sword!
I think we should give up our loved ones
with a cheerful heart, for we know they are
going to fight for us. It will be so much bet
ter for the boys. .
Encloaol yon will find 10 cents, for which
send me a club pin.
With sincere regards to Aurt Jnlia,
SARA MYERS.
Camden. 8. Rente 5.
Dear Aunt Julia: Here I come asking if I
mar have the opportunity to chat with the
cousins a while, especially the good-looking
girls.
This is my first letter to the Trotter Dox. I
hope the girls won’t get frightened. I don't
care about the boys. I live on the fiirm, so yon
see J am a farm cracker.
What arc the South Carolina girls and boys
doing? 1 don’t s>e many from this state. How
many of the cousins have brothers in the
camps? I haven’t, but those who havee
1 certainly can sympathize with. All of
ns who haven't soon will have. 1 hope Ute
khnki clads will grease the kaiser s face proper,
which 1 know they will. Victory is our stop
ping point.
Auntie, us this is my first attempt, 1 hope
vou will lot me stay a little while longer.
Rosa Miller, you and I seem to have the
same kind of pets. My favorite pets are the
hoe and plow, hut I can figlit Old Man Green
with them proper.
I will describe myself, as it seems cus
tomary. Fair complexion, blue eyes, dark hair.
5 feet 4 inches In height, weigh 130 pounds,
ngc’eighteen. I announce myself a candidate
forth« corner next time, so Johnny get your
gun ann kill a Hun. 1 am going to write
some <tf the cousins soon. Now, auntie, please
print this and I will come again. Love to all.
DAVIS GEORGE GAY.
Kershaw. S. C., Route 1. Box 45.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousnis: Wonder if you
all will let me join your happy band? Wonder
what you all are doing these warm days? am
w
Ccntnicitaßv j
The Deadly Peril—ls the Submarine
Without any doubt or question, the
submarine has proved to be the dead
liest weapon of the war. All the artil
lery, all the infantry, all the battle
ships, al) the millions of tons of explo
sives and projectiles which the Ger
mans have shot into the air. have not
inflicted the damage, nor cost the allies
as dear as the hundreds of submarines,
or undersea boats. They are said to
have destroyed and crippled and kept
in harbor, more than one-half the ocean
tonnage of the entire world. They have
cut down the effectiveness of the other
half—by the uncertainties that have at
tended the across-ocean voyages. They
have destroyed more tonnage than all
the allies, including the United States,
can rebuild in two solid years. Accord
ing to monthly statements issued by the
British admiralty, the loss of ships in
the year 1917 by German submarines
amounted to nearly several millions of
tons, which means more than ten mil
lion tons of gross weight. It is esti
mated that an American army of one
million men in Europe will require for
the annual support of each man sent
over there, four tons of shipping to
carry him over and provide food and
necessary things to equip him for war
service at the front. All these things
must be produced, manufactured and
sent across in ships from this side.
This rushing business in the United
States cannot stop a minute because the
need is so great to get American men
trained and sent to the front with sup
plies of all sorts. The food must be
produced here —that will help to feed
the allies —and the submarines are ly- .
ing in wait for every vessel that is |
loaded and started towards the battle
front. There are said to be only 45,-
000.000 tons of shipping in the entire
world. America has much less than
half.
As I see the situation, the necessity is
imperative to inaugurate a search for
been suggested heretofore. They are
the deadliest weapons of this great war.
If they can be run down, like the peo
ple go after mad dogs in a neighbor
hood, it seems that we would be doing
the first and most needful work in sub
duing Germany. They have played
havoc in every venture that has been
seen or reported.
Dangers of Aviation
Perhaps it will be deemed superflu
ous admonition to remind the air pilots
that this particular business is fraught
with danger; but I do feel so sorry to
see how many valuable lives are quick
ly snuffed out in the aviation camps
in the United States, not to mention
the hazards of the business on the battle
fines of Europe. As a rule these avia
tors ar every valuable men in this day
and generation, and it ts particularly
sad when they are dashed to death from
overhead, here in our own country, when
they are just learning to fly, and the
semi-weekly readers are aware that it
is a dally occurrence. The death of ex-
Mayor Mitchell, of New York City. ; is
a case in point. He was the youngest
mayor of the great metropolitan city
and one who had won fame and hon
ors by his magnificent work. He was
well flatted for high positions anywhere,
a sort of rare person that the country
needs very greatly in this strenuous
time. He leaves a mother and a young
wife to mourn his ~ departure, and he
will be missed wherever his good works
were known to the reading public.
It is supposed he was not securely
buckled to his machine, and possibly
lost his hold, when the’airplane tipped
to one side.
Like all new things, airplanes have
many things which can be improved
upon, but such daring flights as avia
tors are obliged to make -to- cope with
German planes, in fighting the Ger
mans, demands excessive care and pre
caution as to safety for the men who
dare to undertake this hazardous busi
ness.
When I was on Long Island, N. Y„
in May, I counted seven of these air
planes at one time sailing overhead.
There is a magnificent aviation camp
there and these airmen were practicing
with the machines. They were very
high above me, but their motors made
sounds like a first-class sewing ma
chine in rapid action, and I expect the
noise is almost deafening to the brave
boys that are going along with these
machines, sometimes thousands of feet
above the earth. Fifty years ago any
person who had predicted that the next
great war would be fought in the skies
and under the ocean waves as well as
in underground trenches would have
been scoffed at as a madman. The
world does move.
Sonia Good Becipe a
Potato Balls.—Four large mealy po
tatoes cold; mash them in a pan w’ith
two tablesponfuls of melted butter, a
pinch of salt, a little pepper, one table
spoonful of cream, and the beaten yolk
of one egg; rub it together for about
five minutes, or until very smooth;
shape the mixture into balls about the
size of a walnut or small rolls, dip
them into an egg well beaten, and then
into the finest sifted bread crumbs: fry
them in boiling lard.
Carolina Way of Cooking Rice—Pick
rice over carefully, wash in two or
three waters, drain dry. and put it into
a pot of boiling water with a very lit
tle salt; allow a quart of water to
half pint of rice. Boil twenty min
utes or more; drain off the water as
dry as possible, set it on a hot place
with cover off; let it dry thus for fif
teen minutes; then turn it into a deep
dish, loosen, and toss ft up with forks
in each hand until each kernel seems
to stand alone.
Graham Biscuit—Take one quart of
water or milk, butter the size of an
egg. three tablespoonfuls of sugar, two
of baker’s yeast, and a pinch of salt;
take enough white flour to use up the
water, making it the consistency of
batter cakes; add the rest of the in
gredients, and as much graham flour
as can be stirred in with a spoon; set
it away till morning; in the morning
grease pan. flour hands; take a lump
of dough the size of a large egg; rol'
lightly between the palms: let them
rise twenty minutes and bake in a
tolerably hot ox’fen.
Simple Dessert.—Put light crackers
a deep dish. Pour enough warm wa
ter. or milk over them to just cove
ftiem. When soaked, which will no'
tatke longer than ten minutes, sprinkle
with srugar; cover with cream; garish
with preserved peaches. pears o *
quinces, and then serve. It is recom
mended to be good.
working to help win the war. Com eagain.
Soldier Boya. Your letters are fine. T will
give a description of myself. Am five feet five
inches tall, light hair, blue eyes, fair complex
ion. age sixteen years, weight 135 pounds. Come
again. Hnbert E. Boyd, your letter was fine.
I think we should all help win this war. Just
think of those boys over there risking their
lives for us. Ethel Stewart, the answer to your
riddle is a watch. Am I right? Guess I will
ring off for this time With love to Aunt Julia
and the cousins. Your consln.
ALICE WALKER.
Fitxgerald. Ga.. R. F. D. 6. Box 99. •
P. B.—Will answer all letters and cards re
ceived.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Will you ad
mit another Florida girl into your happy band?
I will describe myself. I have light hair, blue
eyes and fair complexion. What do you cousins
do for pastime? I play. 1 am eight years of
age. Your new friend.
ELENOR EVANS.
Zolfo, Fla.
W?'
(Continued from Last Issue)
CHAPTER XV.
Observations in a Belgian City
ONE night shortly before 1 left
this city, our airmen raided
the place. I didn't venture
out of the house at the time, but the
next night I thought I would go out
and see what damage had been done.
When it became dark I left the
house accordingly and mixed with
the crowd, which consisted largely
of Germans. I went from one place
to another to see what our "strafing"
had accomplished. Naturally 1
avoided speaking to anyone. If a
man or woman appeared about to
speak to me. I just turned my head
and looked or walked away Jn some
other direction. I must have been
taken for an unsociable sort of in
dividual a good many times, and if I
had encountered the same person
twice I suppose my conduct might
hawe aroused suspicion.
1 had & first-class observation of
the damage that was really done by
our bombs. One bomb had landed
very near the main railroad station
and if it had been only thirty yards
nearer would have completely demol
ished , it. As the station was un
doubtedly our airman’s objective I
was very much impressed with the
accuracy of his aim. It is by no
means an easy thing to hit a build
ing from the air when you are going
at anywhere from fifty to one hun
dred miles an hour and are being
shot at from beneath from a dozen
different angles—unless, of course,
you are taking one of those desper
ate chances and flying so low that
you cannot very well miss your mark
and the Huns can’t very well miss
you either! •
I walked to the station and min
gled with the crowds which stood in
the entrances. They paid no more
attention to me than they did to real
Belgians, and the fact that the lights
were all out in this city at night
made it impossible, anyway, for any
one’to get so good a look at me as
if it had been light.
Tempted by German Flag
During the time that 1 was in this
city I suppose I wandered from one
end of it to the other- In one place,
where the German staff had its head
quarters, a huge German flag hung
from the window, and I think I
would have given teq years of my life
to have stolen it. Even if 1 could
pulled it down, however, it
would have been impossible to me
to have concealed it, and to have
carried it away with me as a souve
nir, therefore, would have been out
of the question.
As 1 went along the street one
night a iadj standing on the corner
stopped me and spoke to me. My
first impulse, of course, was to an
swer her, explaining tnal I could not
understand, but 1 stopped myself in
time, pointed to my ears and mouth
and shook my head, indicating that
I was deaf and dumb, and she
nodded. Incidents of that kind were
not unusual, and 1 was always ih fear
some inquisitive and suspicious Ger
man would encounter me and not be
so easily satisfied.
There are many things that I saw
in this city which, for various rea
sons, it is impossible for me to relate
until after the war is over. Some of
them, I think, will create more sur
prise than the incidents I am free to
reveal now.
It used to amuse me as I went
along the streets of this town, look
ing in the shop windows with Ger
man soldiers at my side looking at
the same things, to think how close
I was to them and they had no way
of knowing. I was quite convinced
that if I were discovered my fate
would have been death, because I
not only had the forged passport on
me, but I had been so many days
behind the German lines after I had
escaped that they couldn’t safely let
me live with the information I pos
sessed.
Otoe night I walked boldly across
a park. I heard footsteps behind me
and turning around saw two GeY
man soldiers. I slowed up a trifle to
let them get ahead of me. It was
rather dark and I got a chance to see
what a wonderful uniform the Ger
man military authorities have picked
out. The soldiers had not gone more
than a few feet ahead of me when
they completely disappeared like one
of those melting pictures on the
moving picture screen.
As I wandered through the streets
I frequently glanced in the case win
dows as I passed German officers
were usually dining there, but they
didn't conduct themselves with any
thing like the light-heartedness
which characterized the allied offi
cers in London and Paris. I was
rather surprised at this, because in
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this part of Belgium they were much '
freerer than they would have been
in Berlin, where. I undertsood, food
is comparatively scarce’ and the re
strictions are very strict.
As I have said, my own condition
in this city wag in some respects
worse than it had been when 1 was
making my way through the open
country. While I had a plac# to
sleep and my clothes vrere no longer
constantly soaking, my opportunities
for getting food were considerably
less than they had been. Nearly all
the time I was half famished, and I
decided that I would get out of these
at once, since I was entirely through
with Huyliger.
My physical condition was graaHv
improved. • While the lack of food
showed itself on me, I had regained
some of my strength, my wounds
were healed, my ankle was stronger,
and although my knees were still ,
considerably enlarged. I felt that I
was in better shape than I had been
at anj- time since my leap from the ”
train, and I was ready to go through
whatever was in store for me.
CHAPTER XVI
I Leave for the Frontier
TO get out of the city, it would
be necessary to pass two
guards. This I had learned
in the course of my walks at nigtyt,
having frequently traveled to the
city limits with the idea of finding
out just what conditions I would
have to meet when the time came
for me to leave.
A German soldier’s uniform, how
ever, no longer worried me as it had
at first. I had mingled with the
Huns so much in the city that I be
gan to feel that I was really a Bel- v
gian, and I assumed the indifference
that they seemed to feel.
I decided, therefore, to walk out
of the city in the daytime, when the
sentries would be less apt to be on the ’
watch. It worked fine. I was not
held up a moment, the sentries evi
dently taking me for a Belgian peas
ant on his wAy to work.
Traveling faster than I had ever *.
done before since my escape, I was
soon out in the open country, and the
first Belgian I came to I approached
for food. He gave me half his lunch
and we sat down on the side of the
road to eat it.
Os course, he tried to talk to me,
but I used the old ruse of pretend
ing I was deaf and dumb and he was
quite convinced that it was so. He
made various efforts to talk to me in
pantomime, but I could not make out
what he was getting at, and I think 1
he must have concluded that I was
not only half starved, deaf and
dumb, but “looney” in the bargain.
When night came I looked around
for a place to rest. I had decided to
travel in the daytime as well as
night, because I understood that I
was only a few miles from the fron
tier, and I was naturally anxious to ■
get there at the earliest possible mo
ment, although I realized that therd’
I would encounter the most hazard
ous part of my To
get through the heavily guarded
barbed and electrically charged bar- ,
rier was a problem that I hatefl to
think of even, although the hours I
spent endeavoring to devise some
way of outwitting the Huns v were
many.
It had occurred to me, for in
stance, that it would not be such a
difficult matter to vault over the
electric fence, which was only nine •-
feet high. In college I know a ten
foot vault Is considered a high-school
boy’s accomplishment, but there wera
two great difficulties in the way o 4
this solution. In the first place it
would be no easy matter to get a
pole of the right length, weight and ,
strength to serve the. purpose.
More particularly, however, the
pole vault idea seemed to me to be
out of the question because of the
fact that on either side of the elec
tric fence, six feet from it, was a six
foot barbed wire barrier. To vault
safely over a nine-foot electrically
charged fence was one thing, but to
combine with it a twelve-foot broad
vault was a feat which even a col
lege athlete in the pink of condition
would be apt to flunk. Indeed, I
don’t believe it is possible.
(Continued Next Issue)
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5
