About Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 16, 1919)
4 Tia SEFIs-WEEKLY JOURNAL ' f ATL.I?. '. ' . 3 NINTHS EURSYTH ST. } Entered at the AtJaata Postoffice as Mail | Matter of the Second Class, Daily, Sunday, Semi-Weekly SUBSCRIPTION PRICE SEMI-WEEKLY Twelvemonths ?1.2w Six months 65c Three months . 35c * Subscription prices Daily and Sunday (By Mail —Payable Strictly in Advance.) >. 1 Wk. 1 Mo. 3 Mos. 6 Mos. 1 Yr. Danj - and Sunday ...• 2Uc 90c $2.50 $5.00 $0.50 Daily 10c 70c 2.00 4.00 7.50 Sunday 7c 30e .90 1.75 3.25 The Semi-Weekly Journal is published on Tuesday and Friday, and is mailed by the shortest routes for early delivery. It'contains news from all over the world, brought by special leased wires into our office. It has a staff of distinguished con tributors, with strong departments of spe cial value to the home and the farm. Agents wanted at every postoffice. Lib era! commission allowed. Outfit free. Write R. R BRADLEY. Circulation Man ager The only traveling representatives we have are B F. Bolton. C C Coyle, Charles (1 Woodliff, J M. Patten. W. H Reinhardt, M. H. Bqvil and John Mac Jennings We will be responsible only for money paid to the above named traveling representatives. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS riie label used tor midressing your paper sh>ws the time your subscription expites By renewing »it leaet two weeks before the date -f tins label, you insure regular service. In ordering |*aoer rhniitfcd. be sure lo men Hot* jour uld •is well as your »fw sddress If on n route, niease give the route ifuintier. . , . _ , We eaniwt enter subscriptions to begin with back num yers Iteuiittnncos should be <ent by postal order or reiris teA<ldr"ssl|i!i orders and polices for thfs Department to THE SEMI WEEfcI.Y JO'UtNAL. Atlanta. Ga. How to Get I 7 alite for Cotton, I has not been a time in the last: H ’twenty years,, competent observers de-; clare, when cotton would have sold | below twenty cents a pound if the growers had been able to market their staple in a , business-like way. Instead cl raising enough food and feed i to make farms self-sustaining, it was l long their habit to plant everything in cot ' ton and buy these necessary plantation sup , plies. The consequence of such an cbviousiy ill-advised system was to force them to dump their cotton on the market in the fall of the year to raise cash to pay for supplies bought on credit. Twelve million bales of cotton sold at fifty dollars a balO makes six hundred mil lion dollars. To supply such stupendous sums of cash iir a short marketing period ; was more than the cotton manufacturers could do. Speculators bought cotton and determined its price, both for the farmer | and to a large extent for the manufacturer. ~ Prior to the establishment of the Federal, Reserve System, every cotton maiketin ;j season drained the South of cash and cre ated a money shortage. And now at last the \ third difficulty, . which has been the failure of the growers ‘ to act in concert, gives bright promise of becoming a thing of the past in the growl ing membership and strength of the Ameri can Cotton Association. Farmers able to get money at low rates when they need it, to feed themselves and their tenants and their stock, and thus to place their 'cotton on the market whenever the world needs it and offers a right price for it, ought to and will become the most pros perous agricultural community on earth. > I. ...»■■ The Fat of Prosperity. EVERY observer, is impressed by the fact that in the last five years the value of Georgia-raised hogs has in creased from an aggregate of some fifteen million to more than fifty million dollars. Striking as the figures are, they leave un pictured a vast realm of the development and prosperity which lies beyond ands about this new farm industry of the cotton belt. The doubling and trebling of the value of the State’s swine in so short a period would never have been possible but for certain marked changes in agricultural policy. .Thou sands of acres of corn and sundry crops other than cotton were planted as a pre requisite to the -larger, undertaking in animal husbandry. The counties now foremost in hog and chttle raising were first in/ the ex tensive production of food and forage har vests. They were, for the most part, the pio neers of diversification, and from them the tyranny of cotton had its earliest effectual challenge. This remarkable increase in the output of hogs means* then, that there has I been nothing short of a revolution in our' agricultural affairs. And what a beneficent revolution! It has j brought millions upon millions of new wealth | from Georgia's soil. It has saved uncounted | milliogis more in food supplies formerlj” imported from the West. It has given the , farmer a cash income’ for every season, where hitherto he depended on credit until i cotton-marketing time. It has saved the | State from tyhat doubtless would have been a disaster h£<i the |joll weevil Invasion found us still our agricultural all on ' cotton. For alt this we have the expansion of an imal husbandry, of which hog raising forms a major province. largely to thank. For it was this that furnished a definite inc ve and afforded a definite outlet for crops ':r than cotton. '’ r > ’ /' To Australia By Air. ML'CH of the soul of the hardy com mander of Jamestown and lord of Pocahontas’ heart must have de scended to the Captain Smith who has won an aviation prize of fifty thousand dollars for making the first air voyage from Eng land to Australia. Ten thousand, mavbe twelve thousand, miles he flew; over cities, forests, mountains, continents, ind swelling seas; leaving half of Europe in his wake, summing the clouds of magical Arabilt looking down upon India’s dim . vastness; speeding on and on and on, over Burmah, over Malaysia, on to the fortune and fame of his native Australia’s goal. This sets the record for distance and runs high in courage and skill.- 'More perilous, however, and more difficult was the transat lantic flight of our navy’s . airmen, and sub sequently that of the Britons who gulled It from Nova Scotia to Ireland without a stop midway. It is to be. expected, moreover, that ere long Captain Smith’s distance score will be surpassed. Who 'will be astonished, in deed, when some Magellan of the skies wings his way around the globe? But the Australian’s exploit is brilliant enough, and-will .remain ever memorable. It offers particularly interesting evidence, as one observer points out, of “the value of the airplane for getting over rough, wild country, inhabited by backward races.” In only twenty-eight days, all stops .ncluded, Captain Smith compassed a journey which would have taken the old explorers, if not that many years, at least as many months— granting that they escaped the claws of the -intervening jungles and the appetites of the efficient headhunters. 1 Dangers tn the Treaty Delay, And Hopes for Ratification ] EYATCR UNDERWOOD, of Alabama. I cogently warns his colleagues that present suspense over the Treaty of Peace is curtailing our export trade to juch an extent that the losses soon wilt be felt by i “the cotton farmer of the South, the wheat farmer of the West and the manufacturers and laborers of the North.” Tlere are higher reasons than those of why the Treaty tangle should be disposed of, but there is none which for the time being come sc forcefully home to so large a number of the American people. Na tional honor and the plainest obligations cl , international friendship dem . ' that the United States be spared the g.1... i abandon ing her associates in the war for freedom, abandoning them at a critical juncture of world affairs, and making a separate peace with the Hun. National interest and the plainest dictates of humane conscience urge that this Republic do its part in eiforts to prevent future wars and to foster good-will among nations. i But aside from these considerations, which some gentlemen of the Senate dismiss as moonshine, stands a fact which the most materialistic and most cynical of them all cannot deny or ignore- Senator Un derwood has stated it well. Delay on the Peace Treaty is hurting business at a vital point, and if ratification is deferred much longer, producers and workers in every re gion of America will suffer in cor.sequence. Though the armistice came more than thir teen months ago we are still in ‘a state of war,” still at sea as to our foreign policy. The world waits to see what America will do, ; and America waits upon the Senate, j It is a dubious and a hazardous state of af i fairs. It aggravates every trouble attendant i upon a crucial transition—the restlessness, l the anxiety, the instability of a time like this. There would be difficulties enough, e‘ven had | the Treaty issue been settled months ago; 1 but there would be satisfaction in knowing | that they were of the kind unavoidable and I that everything possible to promote readjust ment had been done.' This is the least the , country’s business interests are due, and the least the Senate in good faith can render. There are cheering omens that the period of obstruction and delay is neap an end. Not only from Washington, but from Paris and London> as well, come intimations that events are quietly shaping for an agreement on the Treaty prints in controversy. May these good hopes have early fruitage, for upon their ful fillment depend the material welfare no less than the national prestige of America, and the happiness of all the world. • How Storkerson Did It/. FTER eleven years in Arctic adventure A Storker T. Storkerson comes back to civilization with thought that is good for many a malady of this fretful world. He did not reach the Pole; he made no “Peak in Darien” discovery; but he did demonstrate in a manner wondrously inter esting how effectual and satisfying a simple life can be. Other explorers, bent on a covet ed and dazzling goal, have died in the snow wastes or come limping back with tales of frightful hardship. Storkerson went on the idea that it is better to travel than to arrive. He was more intent upon the scenes about him —the birds and beasts and tenacious vege tation, the glimmer of the heavens, the sheen of the earth —than upon attaining a distant ambition and making his name renowned. “With feur men and practically no supplies beyond ammunition,” the story runs, “hb drifted over the Arctic seas on a great ice floe for eight months, and returned with his party intact and with an assortment of data regarding Arctic life and geography that most of the elaborately fitted out expeditions failed to collect.” This he was enabled to do by liv ing the Eskimos’ life. Their food was his food, am. their raiment his raiment; the’soft nesses of civilization were left behind with the desires that breed discontent. Rigorous it was, but good for body and soul. To spoil the savor of so rich an experience by laying the moral on toe thick, would be a shame,-'hut the New Orleans Item does so deftly that we cannot resist quoting: “Our own nat’on just at present seems to be - n an elaborate expedition to regain Its ease and tranquillity, and is neglecting the simple and direct means to that end. Everybody is trying to secure more and more money, and wonder ing why more money doesn’t seem to relieve the Nearly everybody is making life largely an affair of carrying useless bag gage, whereas by discarding the encumbrances he 1 could stride along with l|flpbs free, full of the joy of living.” Storkerson survived where others left their bones; he dfned in content where others gnawed their boots. How did he do it? All may learn the . secret and make life’s adventure more worth while. He dis carded the superficial, and clung to the funda mental. The Farmer's Counselor, u. TO better investment of the public mon- I ey can possibly be made by the coun ties of Georgia than in payment of their part of the salaries of county demon stration agents. In this day of enlightenment and progress, when public opinion is going forward along every line to new methods and increased efficiency, there ought not to be a rural community in the State without this valuable sei vice. In a certain city in Georgia is a gentleman engaged in the business department of a daily ■ newspaper. Practically the whole of his time is devoted to this work. Yet he manages to keep a pair of good farms going several coun ties removed from his h< me city, and has made them earn a dividend every year he has had'them, with steadily increasing returns. A friend asked him: “How do you make money on your farms? I never believed you really knew much about farming, though you talk much about it.” This good natured quip was not in the least resented by the gentleman in question. He frankly replied: “No, I don’t know anything about farming. I don’t have to know. The county demonstration agents run my farms for me.” Then he went on to explain that the demonstration agent was not being monopol ized for his special benefit, but merely stop ped at his farms once or twice a week and mapped out a program of work to last sev eral days. He was giving the newspaper man’s farms exactly the sort of intelligent, scientific supervision he would have given his own farms, if he had been operating a chain of them. What this county demonstration agent is ! doing for this farm owner, absent a major -1 ity of the time from his plantations, illus j trates the type of constructive assistance be ; ing rendered by demonstration agents throughout the State. They are adding more wealth to Georgia’s rich volume of produc tion than any other single influence. They j are taking scientific methods of agriculture I from the colleges and universities and actual ly applying them to Georgia farms*, not to a few farms, but to thousands of farms. They render the intelligent planted a professional service of a specialized kind, just as a physician advises him in matters of health lor u lawyer advises-him in matters of the [ law. THE ATLANTA .JOURNAL. ATLANTA. GA. TUESDAY, DECEMBER IG, 1919. COAL AND CHAOS —By Frederic J. Haskin xr T 7 ASHINGTON. D. C., Dec. 12.—Whom W y° u c h oose blame for the fact that * ’ you have just been threatened with all the horrors of coal famine is largely a matter of politics and point-of-view’- But one conclusion you cannot avoid if you look fairly at the facts. Our failure to get an adequate and continuous supply of coal is due largely to the fact that our great in dustrial system, of which we boast so much, is poorly and even stupidly organized. And for this we are all to blame. Until the last few years the ultimate con sumer has been chiefly interested in the price of coal. He has been able to get coal by pay ing the price. He has been led to believe that this price represents an undue profit for somebody. Mr. McAdoo says the opera tors have beenk getting it, and the operators retort, "Search us!” But recently the all-important question of what price we pay for coal was eclipsed by the still more important question of whether we were going to get any coal at all. .We have forty-six per cent of all tlje coal in the world- —enough of it to last us for several centuries. There are enough workmen .n the country to dig it. And yet we have been threatened with freezing ‘both this winter and last. This state of affairs suggests that some thing is wrong with the way we go about digging and distributing coal. Investi gations which have been made recently by government experts strongly .upport this suggestion. There is something wrong with our coal-production system- And the settle ment of the strike will not by any means remedy that trouble. />. lack of intelligent co-operation between operators, the miners, tlfe railroads, and the consumer is at the bot tom of the problem, according to the best expert evidence available. Let us start with the public. The public, including both domestic consumers and fac tory owners, has been accustomed to buy ft?/ coal when it needs it, which is in the winter. The result is that wo must have enough mines and enough miners on the job to sup ply that maximum winter demand. It fol lows inevitably that in the spring and sum mer; when the demand is lax, mines and miners are idle. They are in fact idle from one-fourth to one-third of the time. This is one of the things that the miners are kicking about. They want to be assured of live days of work a week, at leaist. Some of the dear public stiil think that the miners want _o work, five days a week at most. As a mas ter of fact the miners want to work more, not less. It is discouraging to go to work in the morning and to be to.d that there will be no work that day, and no pay, because there is no market for the product. Yet that is what the miners are told again and again. In some of the Ohio mines, the minors were given only about 200-days of work last year. In New Mexico they worked over 300. In most places they worked about 250 days- So the miners are idle in the spring and summer for lack of a market, and when the winter rush comes along, they are idle part of the time for lack of cars to handle the coal. It is quite evident that if the spring and summer market could be stimulated, the miners could bp’ kept busy then, and the win ter rush could be to some extent forestalled. There would then be more cars available, and the miners would not be idle in winter. The miners would have continuous work and wc could have a continuous coal supply. The present state of affairs has often been blamed on the operators. It has been stated that they should provide storage facilities for coal at the mines. Then coal mined in the warm weather ccirtd he stored until needed. But technical investigations made by the Bureau of Mines do not bear out the theory that the operators are to blame. They show that the storage of coal at the mine is at tended with serious difficulties. Soft coal stored in large quantities—many thousands of tons- —is in danger from spontaneous com- TESTS OF INTELLIGENCE By H. Addington Bruce YOU ask me concerning value of psycho logical tests of intelligence. You fur ther ask me, in the event that I con sider these really valuable, to describe some so that you may use them to measure your own mind. Undoubtedly the psychologists have" de vised exceedingly helpful tests for determin ing intelligence. But a number require deli-' cate apparatus. And all call for expert knowl edge in applying them if trustworthy find ings are to be obtained. For that matter, however, you can esti mate your intelligence well enough without resorting to psychological devices. All that you need do is to ask yourself, antk to an swer candidly, a few simple questions. In your daily work do you keep your ears, ~z-< and 'r.i”d open to suggestions that will enable you to work better? Do you profit from your mistakes, appreciate wherein you have fallen short, and plan to avoid similar mistakes in the future? Do you welcome criticism as an aid to self-improvement? Do you appreciate that, no matter how old you maj’ be or how ex perienced, there will always be something for you to learn? Hence, do you refuse to let cohesit or prejudice take possession of you, and do you .V."l:l making snap judgments? V/h.en c:.afronted with any problem, do you n’ : y try vo wo?'-: cut its correct solution? If in doubt do you sfiek advice from those com ut to give it7 ;o you act consistently on the principle ;:?.crificing,present pleasure whenever that zxaassory -co insure the avoiding of future In accordance with this principle, do you .dice thrift as regards your savings? Do u try to save some money every week so you w’il not lack resources when your 'k'r.v are done? Do you also give thought to the future so far as your Jiealth is concerned? By hygienic 'living habits do you try to store' up a surplus of energy that will tide you through the crisis of a serious illness should such befall you? Do you recognize, in deed, that the more hygienically you live the less likely will you be to fall iil? Do you, as an additional means of avert ing Illness, pay an occasional visit to your doctor even when you are feeling quite well? Do you say to yourself once every six months, or at least once a year; “Without my knowing it the seeds of\soine disease may have found lodgment in me. Something may have weakened my heart, my lungs may be affected, my arteries are per haps hardening. I had better give the doctor a chance to nip any disease that is in the bu If you are able to answer most of the above questions in the affirmative you may rest assured that, your intelligence is high, indeed. If you have to answer most of them in the negative, you may well feel troubled as to the state of your intelligence. You may be the most learned man in the world, the most successful business man. but if you cannot meet the above tests you can not truly call yourself a .nan of great intel ligence- Happily, though, the tests point the way tn intelligence development. You have only ;o change your conduct of life as indicated ' • th "- 1 . in order to free yourself from the r - ~n u self-convicted. (Copyright, ’.919, by the Associated bu’JtlG'n. That is, it may take fire from the j heat which is generated by oxidation. And j again, storing coal at the mines means l handling it twice instead of once, as is done ) if the the is put directly into the cars. This means an extra cost to be passed on to the j consumer. And he is bearing enough extra | costs now! It also nxxtns that the coal will be broken ; up, and will Lius decrease in value. Coal . >c,ics. value for this cause every time it is t ha nd Nd. The logical- place to store the coal, there fore, is.in the bin of the consur'cz, and not at the mine. The small supply used by the do mestic consumer (meaning you .nd I) is n no danger from spontaneous combustion, ■ and the amounts needed by the average fac tory are not in such danger either if proper ly stored. Therefore, the consumer should buy ' coal in the spring and summer as rau r posaibic, and store it. £•_- the war W 3 were all urged to do this on the grounds of patriotism. But vze had already done so much on grounds of patriotism that we did not heed the appeal to any great extent. Now Director Mann.ng of the Bureau of Mines comes forward with a more practicable suggestion. He suggests that the coal be made cheaper to the con sumer in the summier than in the winter. Here is a method we can all appreciate. Owing to the laws ( passed by congress against price-fixing agreements, the opera tors of mines cannot agree to set a lov/or price in the warm weather. But Director Manning ma-kas the intsres/ng suggestion that the same result would bo attained if the government would work out a siising scale of charges for the en .-yln-, oi coal by the railroads and boats, v'a.cn would make ccal cheaper in the summer. V is easy to see bc’vz this would vzork wab. -i coiag into details. Coal perhaps would I.e 'hauled must cheaply, in July, bocauso there is then Jess llecand for it- By buying yea? coal in ..Ally you might save a dollar a ton. Januiry Jit, .would bo must expensive. The January price would ba enough above the July price to make up for the loss. By varying the s:;a e of transportation charges, the production on ccal could, theoretically and, it would seem, piacticaliy, bo controlled almost at vzill. There are several other ways in which the production cf coal could be regulated. One of the best ways would bo to have power plants at the mir.es. and so to convert the. coal immediately into heat and .. nver, which are much cheaper /to carry than coal. Thio ~ould be the log.Mi V.'.y. but it is of course not away that can bo put into effect on short otlco. Another way, aiso pointed out by Dlraetpr Manning, and of immediato value, is the ex portation of more coal. Europe needs our coal. In Italy the.’-' are burning olive trees for la<k of coal. Formsrly Great Britain dominated the coal export market, but sho has now lost this dominance and is producing Title more coal than she needs herself. We are not exporting nearly as much coal as we could export. Here again, organized ntclligont effort is all that is lacking. Mr. Manning suggests that the coal operators should form ;tn export association under the ■'.V-b v -Po:-:erc".e an export market which would keep mines and miners busy during ths dull season, when the domestic market will not take up the product. Investigation shows that we have really only made a clumsy beginning in the produc j tion of power and the use of our fuel, re ; sources. Water power can and will take the pla<‘e of much coal. Direct conversion of Isun isat into energy could take the place of the rest. Ccal would then be used chiefly for its dhemica.l content, and th’s would be highly I maildia/'urcd In this court?;/ and sold in for eign markets. Industry, in this, as in alnios all other respects, lags shamefully behind science. Industry is like a clumsy and ig norant child playing with the wondori'ul toys e race has put in its hands- AFRAID By Dr. Frank Crane What's the matter with a lot of prop's in this country? They seem pretty badly scared They act like an old women afraid of burglars. e They think apparently that if the Bolshe- vik! and ths I. W. W. and the Anarchists and : ths Overturns, s gcrxrahy allowed to i speak to the people it will Lo gll over with U - ( The Revolutionists certainly have gained ■ one point; they birrs got everybody fiighton- I ed. As a matter of fact, however, we are loact in danger from those heated fanatics when hear what they have to say. j They are a menace only as bogey men. When they mutter and growl, when'they are j incoherent, they are potent. The minute they express themselves clearly they are absurd. It is a ridiculous spectacle to see our gov ernment, i?s courts and police and army, sup pressing assemblies, and “danger ous” apostles, and guarding cur borders so that the Reds cannot get in. But Democracy is not afraid of Sovietism ’pr Anarchy nor any such thing, s The common people of .this cotiniry' have- To imagine they can be tempted to ex change the U. S. A- for such conditions as ox st in Russia is simply funny. Why not meet propaganda with propa ganda? If Reds are working among your iabofers, why don’t you work among thfem? You have the Public schools. Why don't ! you ground the children in the principles of Democracy? ! A little vaccination of Democracy will ron- I der them immune from the smallpox of 80l- i ;hevism. I What! Is Americanism so frail that it is i likely to break down when a swarm of wild i ?yed enthusiasts with the colic come over I n?ro and begin to talk? I Let them talk. Hire them a hall. Furnish ; them with a newspaper. The more publicity 1 they get and the more clearly they set forth their claims, the less dangerous they are. ; Os course, we should enforce the law, i punish crimes and repress violence, whether I he offenders are thugs or Sunday school pu ; pits; but' as for any ideas being dangerous, I why, the only dangerous idea is the one that 1 s. suppressed. ' This country is founded on free speech, ' i >nd the freer the speech the firmer the foun- ■ dation. And it’s just as true now as it ever i was. that i “You cn fool some of the people all of the ' j r-?. and all of th* people some of the time, I but you cannot fool ail of the people all of i the time.” * (Copyright, 1919, by Frank Crane) (“You told him to diet,” said the young doctor's wife. “Yes. I told him to eat only the very ' ' plainest food and very little of that.” “Do you think that will help him?” “It will help him pay my bill.” I “Now, my son,’ su'd the conscientious ■ father, “tell me why 1 punished you.” “That’s the trouble.” answered the small ! boy indignantly. “First you punish me. an? | then you don’t know what you did it for.” CURRENT EVENTS OF INTEREST Tn a letter addressed to the president of | the Bavarian Red Cross, former Crown Prince Rupprecht, of Bavaria, who command ed German armies in Belgium and France during the war and who now is in Switzer land, offered to surrender himself in response to the demand of the entente for the extra dition of German army leaders, provided that his action will bring about the release of Ger man prisoners held in France. The former Crown Prince brands the de mand for extradition, in view of the fact that “judge and prosecutor are one,” as “a mockery of every sense of justice.” He agrees, however, that if the entente insists upon the fulfillment of the extradition clause in the Peace Treaty before the prisoners are releas- I cd, he will present himself for extradition. Observant persons in Paris are talking of ' the possibility of an alliance being formed I between Great Britain, France and Italy, with the object of securing the execution of the German peace treaty and effecting other ob jects on the league of nations program. It is forecast that the step toward the al-' liance will pe taken at the conferences, in which Premier Clemenceau, who is now in i Loudon, will participate. The conferences . will be between M. Clemenceau. Lloyd George , ; and Vittorio SciaJoia. the Italian Foreign Min ister. The general subject for discussion, it is said, vzill be the measures to be taken for tee protection of the ?ommon interests of the tinee rations in case the United States does not ratify the peace treaty, or the league oi na. .or.s tioes not begin functioning sho- tlv Inemvereat oniihsion of Cuba from the i ....t o t carried on the official victorv 1 ■-■--■eda’ aiding in the success of the allied , arms aas been caUsd to the attention of the r tzar department, and Major General Frari: T~ tyre, acting chief cf staff, ordcrc-l en'im- I” tJ :/Tv'ry i -. T," <hat 3ie P ;3 bs taken ‘ LlO L'i’? • c ’ r -’ 3 ‘i l3 ”*!?. this forced J? ** r ‘*T) '! T officials said Cv.ba assisted the general c"use m proportion to her size as much as any nation. •> GLXI ' I ' inc representatives of tl-.e Government of Euthonia, Lctvia, Lithuania. Poland, Ukraine, | and Whit? Russia, in eonTvunc? at Dorpqt’ , lave declared theincolves in favor of a mili |tarv and political convention to defend their ; indenondenco, according to n zvzs reaching | ;-cn('on from Koy.np. 1 Cr.m ! .-a Ross Emit v Aust. l ’aliau aviator, has ri iveil -"afo'y at Port Darvfin, Australia, from England, thus winning $50,030 offered for j the first aviator to make the voyage. Under the conditions laid down l)j’ the Australian government, which offered the nriza, the dis tance of 11.SCO miles had to bo covered in ‘ thirty days. j Auie.*;ca’s claims agakirt Germany grow ' ing out of the sinking of tile l/usltanla aud 'other vessels by submarines and on account sf ether war damages will more than offset ! the amount which vzill he due from the 'United States on account of the 100 German steamers seiiisd in American ports when the ; United States entered the war, say shipping ' board oiUclale. Under the. peace' treaty the value of tho { VO..SSIB, estimated by board officials at frcni I $130,000.04)0 $140,000,000, will be cred- ited to Germany on indemnities awarded by Hie allied reparations commission, but, as the i Ainor : cq,n claims before the commission will , more than offset the value o? ships, officials 'asserted there -was little likelihood that the - United States would be called upon to make ; any payment to the commission. Throe of the seized German ships wore war vessels —German commerce raiders— . which took refuge in American ports before I the United States entered the war and were i interned. Their value will hot be included I with that c* the vessels which were neaeMtul I merchcnt cral't. / Figures compi’c t by tho statistics branch of the gcp.oral staff on illiteracy in the emer gency army show that probably 7.6 per cent of the entire force war, illiterate -and 17.4 relatively illiterate. The figures are based ,on a total of 4.060.000 men. Os this total. ’ 311,000 are classed as wholly illiterate and ! 712,000 as relatively illiterate, an aggregate ' e's 1,023,00(1. Tho literate class numbered ’ 3,067.000. | White soldiers classed e,5 wholly illiterate i numbered 193,000, o? , 5 .5 nor cent of the .n- I lire white strength, and relatively illiterate, i 177.000, er. 16 per e nt. V/hdon the I” •> l a/e class numbered 2,821/000, or 77.5 per I cent of the total in the service. Colored il j literates numbered 135,000, or 25.6 per cent of the t/cta! colored strength, while negroes relatively illiterate numbered 123,000, or 25.1 per* cent. Tire literate class of negroes numbered 242,000 oout of a total of 490,000, or 49.4 per cent- * Sale of the explosives plant at Nitro, W. Va.. to the Charleston (W. Va.) Industrial Corporation for $8,551,C00 lias been an nounced by the War Department. Os the re cently submitted informal bids for the plant and other facilities owned by the department at Nitro, that of the Charleston corporation was the highest. The plant and town cost the .■rovcrnmftrtt'Spprcnimatoly $75,000,000. THE LEGION’S CREED »’ (The Chattanooga Times.) For God and country we associate our solvdS together for the following purposes: To uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States of America; to main tain law and order; to foster and perpet uate a 100 per cent Americanism; to pre serve the memories and incidents cf our association in the greet war; to inculcate a sense of individual obligation to the com munity, state and nation; to combat the autocracy of both the classes and the masses; to make right the master of might;) to promote peace and good will on earth; to safeguard and transmit to pos terity the principles of justice, freedom and democracy; to consecrate and sanc tify our comradeship by our devotion to mutual helpfulness. This extract from the preamble to the con stitution of the American Legion, read by Lieu tenant Carl H. Hood, commandant of the local post, at the services yesterday afternoon, be comes a fitting prelude to the celebration of the day for all future time. As we are accus tomed on the Fourth of July to listen to the Declaration ol Independence and of extracts from the federal constitution, so on Armistice day hereafter nothing could be more appropri ate, more inspiring to patriotism or more in harmony with the ideals the recurrence of the day will recall than the reading of this pre amble to the Legion’s constitution at the be ginning of every service held in annual com memoration of the historical incident which brought the greatest war tragedy of history to a close. This preamble might well be adopted as the American creed for it covers everything demanded of good citizenship, and it should be a part of the pledge every really- American man should daily renew, as these soldiers of the Legion will do, as a guarantee of the perpe tuity of the republic and an assurance that liberty, justice and truth shall not perish from the earth. It inspires every lover of his country to know that a million or more young men who wore the uniform of their country during the world war have got this declaration firmly fixed in their hearts and minds, and that they have icsolvcd, come what may, their country is first The London Chronicle’s Ramsaate corre spondent reports mysterious disappear.::.'.cs. attributed to Bolshevist intrigue, cf a tug and three barges employed o.i British government service, with nineteen British seamen aboard. According to this story, the tug towing tho barges left Antwerp last Monday, the barges being laden with British field pieces. Noth ing has since been heard of them, but it is stated that information has been received that nine Russians speaking English, but pre sumably Bolsheviki with passports and prop aganda literature in their possession, man aged to get aboard the tug. It is added that there is general belief that the Russians captured the vessels and subdued the crews, either landing them at a secluded spot on tl|2 British coast or kc.piEg them aboard in an attempt to reach a Rus sian port. The Admiralty has dispatched de stroyers to search for the missing vessels. The tug was one of the most powerful afloat. Victor L. Berger, Socialist, an 4 Henry H. Ec.icustab. KepuU.ca-n-bUsion candidate, were nominated for congress at a primary election in the Fifth Wisconsin district last week. Berger received 14,000 votes and Bodenstab 8,282. The special, election will bo hold on December 19 to fill the vacancy b ’ tho i 'Wtw.ii c ’ the present congress The vote in tie iilct st the regular elec tion last year was approxirdateiy 39,000. . .. .mb.-a 0.. i. •('j t-’hj. Bcdenstab .XvC:: to i’xmro ncminntlon. ■ Dr. Karl Renner, the Chancellor, has been notified by the Supreme Council at Paris that it is wllllug to receive him personally to plead his country’s dangerous plight. Dr. Refiner ; will veg for immediate help, proposing, as un 1 alternative, the retirement of the present* j gozoimmor.t and the election by the Allies of I a neutral dictator bind administrative staff to z I govern the country. , Serious bread riots in the cky and suburbs 'of Innsbruck are reported- Mon. women and children have forcibly entered, the ware ' houses of the Farmers’ Association, restau rants, shops and hotels and also the Jesuits Collegium and Institute in Sagan, plundering • and destroying. Italian carabineers have prevented the looting of the. z banks and government ! grdnaiTccl Norman Ilapgood. American Minister to Denmark, is about to return to the United ■States at his own request, and will, it is ex pected. relinquish the diplomatic post to which he was appointed by President Wilson. The Slate Department has confirmed the re port that Mr. Hapgocd has asked for leave , or absence, but it has said ncthing on the sub ject of his ref. rc.:i cut. Nevertheless, mem bers of the sem «.e committee on Foreign Re rntions are convinced that the nomination of • Mr. Hapgood wiii not be resubmitted and ; that he w. d resign soon after his arrival in . this country. | Public confd'.u'..? la uir tr: ".r.portr.t’on has , do'zo'.opod to such an extent that cquslgn ! merits of va-.uabkj; and fragile good? of all ■ kind;* are now Using sent by c;r. A promi ; aeut art dealer recently received from Lon- I don pictures vaiuml at >1 bO.CO J and’sent to i the British cr.phw precious jdrs of Chinese porcelain by airplane. Such objects w:-ra fGta.e. carried by f''i<-?e'ui mojaon*'cis a ! double the expense of fr transportutliA.’ ileir Schmidt, filiuister of i'oed : and Economic-:, .-id i;; an addix.a; iu . week ■ in Leritn tarn; fh® cccnoi;’’? situntioa in (-':•>?- man;, be 1 re.c?.iidy impro ed to r>n a:tcui:;:i ing cxtmi. Wcrhcrs b:_ 1 ’.dtarned to Hugir tasks in far greater than wa; i’aro- seen last summer. Mar Schmidt c'ted stalls tics to snow thfit pt’oF shipyards. aTd gkrnerr? industries hwd reyefil cd a th& pi*o-vr?ir btu z, ' s Some except-, as. ho saM. v ? t n he notejJ mu these were dv? f or <i, ? n;ost pa , t , of raw mr.ierihl. ' ~ Cato Sells, U. S. Ccmpiissioner of Indian Affairs, in his annual ropprt to the Secretary o." the I: ~v.’or compatss the population o? Pure blood Indians in the country at 23:-;,- 19b and c: five ■R-iEzod tribes. curclng freed men and frt? •-mrr.-l'g! with wlTtos. IOjNOO, m-J.-'p- tc A I of 32'5,792. Thrir oaro . ■fa? the last year w wo , -12.8C2.5-.'7. of wiuch the civilized tribes. - - “ C.OOO Ind'anu '-n , Neu i o?;;, remnants n- the Iroquois league, i who own seven roservat’ors, comprising 80,- 0 lb acres- , i ~ ar? S-I.C. ? mdT.n chllttron eligible I 5 " ’ 7!l of whom 00,289 are iin c vrornce he str.'wc. M. Kovacs, the judge who has been in . vestirating the fact,', courorning the mu”der i of Count Tisza, the fewmor Hungarian pre mier, committed suicule last week by jump ing from a third-floor window of the court house tn Budapest. , Judge Kovacs had been accused by the extreme Socialists of suppressing evidence to show that former i’remier Friedrichs had I knowledge that the murder of Count Tisua j was intended. , and above all other ccpßidcrat'ious. Arner!(an- I ism, pure rod uric; fitc-L jj heiirtoued and help- I ed by this declaration of the mop vVbo offered their lives on the altar of justice, liberty and humanity. .With such a declaration animating the fighting men of the country, we may look j forward with ronfl<Tn r ’e to a future of con tentment. and national tranquility. •• . 1 Smaller Farms Mean Progress 1 . (The Walker County Messenger) < Practically every newspaper today carries large advertising space in which are display notice of land sales. Large tracts are belrg divided up andjstfld at auction. Real estate values have soared within the past six months to a point never dreamcc of before- This movement to divide large tracts of lands and sell on terms within the reach of the average man, is one of the best signs of . the times. Ono of the curses of any section or county, is the tenant system. When a man buys a piece of and he at once becomes a better citizen. Ho is more interested than heretofore, in good roads, good schools, good churches, better legislation; in fact, he is in terested in every pha:» of progress. The large farms in this county snould be divided into smaller farms, and efforts should be made to. get the various sections more thickly settled, it will mean mure wealii , more progress and happier people. 1 Lot the movement spread to every sectmn of Walker county, and may the day sr.o i come, when every man will feel the rouponsl bii’ty of citizenship. While she waited for her train the stout old lady slipped a penny in the slot of the automatic weighing machine and stood ex pectantly on the tiny platform. But the indicator on the dial did not budge. She got cross and began to try to set the thing in motion by bounching up a id down. In the middle of her energetic fight along camo a small boy, who watched her in silence for a few minutes. Then he call ed out: “Put in another penny, ma! It'll tab® ' i two cents to weigh you!”
