About Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 16, 1919)
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION BY DR. ANDREW M. SOULE Farming in the Presence of the 801 l Weevil In the old days we attempted to cultivate two crops on the average Georgia farm. These were cotton and corn. Sometimes a few sweet potatoes and a little truck were grown. Occasionally some land was devoted to the production of peavine and sorghum hay. Once in a while a few hogs were maintained and pos sibly there was a cow or two. In other words, we did not emphasize crop rotation or diversification, nor were we then regarded as one of the leading live stock states in the Un ion. Presuming that a man had as much as 50 acres of land, whether he were owner or tenant, the type of prac tice we used to follow would be about as indicated below. At least 20 acres of this land would be devoted to cotton, and very likely cotton was grown on the same area year after year. If there happened to be a low lying section of land on the farm, Such as a creek bottom pro vides, corn was regularly grown thereon until the land rebelled. By this practice if a disease were intro duced on the farm it was intens’- Send No Money Don’t miss thia chance to cut your tire cost /vl 50% and more. We shits at once on ap- /&$ proval. These are standard make used XXX tires, excellent condition, selected by our OOC ■! experts—rebuilt by eicpert workmanship* Bj readily tee guaranteed for 5000 miles. XX\> t! NOTE—*Thea« are not used sewed to- t tether tires—known as double treads. E SEE THESE LOW PRICES KX> f Size Tires Tubes Size Tires Tubes y'yx, B 80x3. .$5.50..51.60 34x4 $ 8.76. .62.60 DOc 6 80x3% 6 50.. 1.75 31x4% lO.Gff. .3.00 fOO* fj . 31x3% 6.75.. 1.85 35x4% 11.00. 3.15 f 32x3% 7.00.; 2.00 86x4% 11.50. 3.40 VVC Li 31x4 . 8.00. 2.25 85x5 12.50 . 3.50 DOC fl > 32x4 8,25.. 2.40 56x6 12.75 . 3.65 eS 2-50 87x5 ? 12.75.. 3.75 XX> ffl MfEhTßemember, we guarantee your nniiu perfect satisfaction. Pay only Qvt on arrival. Examina and judge for your*v<>*w ofe ■elf. If not satisfied—send them back Vz* our expense. We will refund your money X* without question. Be sure to state size 1 •ranted—Clincher, S. S., Non*Skid, Plain. yggyjfty „ CLEVELAND TIRE AND RUBBER CO? 3105 Michigan Avenue Chicago, IU. 50% Off Standard TiRES Af© H&onsy B&wwS Why pav dfidler’s prices when you ca> /Or* buy standard tires direct from uo st a owl saving of more than half? -'Standard CX\ mfeko used tires in gocdcondltion r wben i 5cX I rebuilt by < expert tiro toakeiu, give R wonderful satisfaction r.nd can easily sawtS E b e for 4GCO miles. A’l -ires gSS a selected bj* our own expertn. Send no it st? H rncr.ey with your order. Just state a number eno sizes wanted. Do not con- A/x I fuao our tires with tha douido tread | tires which arc scived. |«;j —Loss Than KsEfl xCj* 5 8!z» Tirso Tnbca t Size Tirea Tubes 00» ® I 80x8 .8 7.65.82.66 I 32x4%. $12.55.54. W xStS , =tei I Kx3%. 8,86. 2.95 ) 33x454. 18.66. 4XO >C*C 82x3%. fi.65 , 8.26 i 34x4%. 14.85. 4.50 xSC f 81*4 . 10.75. 8.85 I 85x4%. 16.25. 4.75 Cv f 82x4 . u.« 5. 8.16 ! 86x4%. 16.95. 5.00 WO W/ / • 12 -«5. 4.15 ! 86x5 . 15.65 . 5.25 VgZ I 54X4 . 14.65. 4.26 I 87X5 . 15.95. 6.60 S' ifea 7 0a? TODAY. No / §7£.658 s:# money now—payoncrriv al. Examine thn tire.-, and if cot what you wart, return them at out expensa and we will st once refund year money. Could an y offer te mors fair? 2bar b!~ chance to ent your tire cost right in twol State size wr.ntadi,,aad whether Clincher, Straight Sid:. Nou-iskid or Plain. Write today. Immediate ehipmext. MITCHELL TIRE & HUB3ER CO., I USB.39th St. ©•EfeS'SS Chicago - »■ a Eela. Mink, Muskrats and ; ■ Catch Fish, * I i»tTLM o tbe!mii&*a v fly-trap HAM I LTRM 3L.\ RIFLE -B-L -■ l 2.Lr il U" , 4iiba’gy r —WlTH BUT 1000 SHQT • ALLSTEELZ M6TJI7MF/Z TO ? 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HOF UHr Bwwflr WfllWwlHfi i ffi'" jP"®w I'jil |i|l I 111 | hlllPPPvT^\ii | ’iil' ' i Kir w wMMJFEi ill lllld! II f UFi by R J. Reynolds ', IHi il ||| | L T' obncco C°- MMMBhk - .■••■ - ■ " 1 iiiiiiiiiiilillllllllillllillWi,. DUT it right up to Prince Albert to ‘ J*: produce for you more smoke hap 7#r4 piness than you ever before collected! W -P* A- s made to fit your smokeappetite F ' a glove. It has the best flavor ■ <lf i’W' W coolness an d fragrance, ever I ' W Will W Just w^at a whole lot of joy Prince |H M Albert really is you want to find out wa Y you know how! And, put it down how you could smoke P* A- f° r hours without tongue bite or < parch. Our exclusive patented process cuts out bite and parch. Toppy rtd ba ga tidy Realize what it would mean to get pound and half pound set with a joy us jimmy pipe, or the tin humidors—and— papers and to fill ’er up every once and that classy, practical a w hile. And, puff to beat the cards! P huZdo7with sponge Without a comeback! moistener top that just as sure as you're reading this, P - A ' wiU t ' a , nd y° u . everything you ever yearned for m tobacco joy! Why, it's so good you feel like you’d just have to eat that fragrant smoke! J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, N. C. fieri by this arrangement, for the simple reason that the growth of the same crop on the land continu ously enabled the insects to multi ply and increase from season to sea son. instead of being starved out to a. certain extent, as they would have been were a rotation practiced. The 50-Acre Farm Under the old plan a fifty-acre farm would be handled somewhat as follows. Two mules would probably be required to operate it. Some la bor might be hired, but the greater part would be performed by the farmer and his family. Allowing 20 acres of the land to be devoted to cotton, another 20 acres would then be approximately planted to cover crops, such as corn and cow peas, oats and cowpeas, and peanuts. If the 20 acres were divided Into equal areas there would be six and two-thirds acres in each of the crops mentioned. The first would produce Such corn as was necessary for the maintenance of the mules and leave some surplus for the hogs. The cowpeas grown on the land would be valuable for fall grazing and would add somewhat to the store of soil nitrogen and might yield a few bushels for seed as well. The second area devoted to oats woud be productive of grain and hay. The cowpeas following would help to enrich the soil and would also provide a desirable hay crop. Os course there must be a consider able amount of roughage available for the nutrition of the mules and such cattle as were kept. The pea nut crop might either be harvested and sold for the production of oil, or to candy manufacturers, or else "razed down by hogs, to be finished later on corn or some other combi nation of concentrates that would harden he prt satisfactorily. In the old days the average farmer would not have believed, and prob ably there are many who do not still believe, that the three crops grown on the three areas of land mentioned above could be made equivalent in valtie and profits to the crop derived from tRe twenty acres devoted tc Ctton. This, however, has proven tc be the case so many times that a detailed exposition of the matter does not seem worth while at this time. Orchard and Garden Os course, on a well organized farm where diversification is prac ticed one-half acre of land should be devoted to 'the orchard and another one-half acre to the garden. There must of' necessity be a pasture for cows and hogs, for certainly some of these animals must be kept to aid the farmer in providing an es sential part of his living. Naturally the cow produces the cheapest and best food in she form of milk which the family can have, and hogs will yield meat of a desirable type more cheaply and quickly than any othei class of farm, animals. In order that the’ hogs may be kept as economical ly as possible at least one acre should be devoted to rape and oats and vetches, to be folowed later in the season when grazed down by soy beans. Another area of land, say not over two acres in extent, should be devoted to crimson clover and soy beans. At least two acres on a farm of this type should be laid down to alfalfa. This will provide a type of hay most valuable for cows They will require comparatively lit tle grain when fed on alfalfa. Some of the alfalfa can be fed to the work stock with advantage as well, but the overfeeding of alfalfa to this class of animals is to be avoided. This is due to the fact that alfalfa is sb rich In nitrogen that ft surfeits I the systems nf horses -anil mules with nitrogen and may produce azoturia. This would leave one acre of land which might appropriately be de- 1 voted to truck. Irish potatoes could be grown on it, followed, for in stance, by sweet, potatoes. Tn that event it sb acid not be difficult to find a satisfactory market ibr both crops, especially if the farmer were to arrange a small curing house on his land in which he could put the Irish potatoes and hold them if they matured at a time when the market was not satisfactory This house would also be =just as satisfactory a structure in which to store and hold sweet potatoes to be sold latei on in the fall or in the spring. Reducing Acreage The foregoing represents a meth od of practice which could have been followed with success and profit in many sections of Georgia before the advent of the boll weevil. There may be some sections where this plan can still be followed with a con- THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1D1». siderable degree of success, but everyone should recognize the fact that when the boll weevil comes it will not be practicable or desirable to try to devote the same acreage to cotton as was devoted to this croj in the past. Even in the most fa vored sections of the state it will be desirable to cut the area down say from 20 to 60 per cent. This does not necessarily mean that the yield will be so greatly reduced over the present outturn, because it is cer tainly possible to increase yields ma terially by better methods of culti vation than those we have follower" in the past. On the average one horse farm, however, not over eight to ten acres should be devoted tc cotton, especially until the farmer who is unacquainted with the bol? weevil learns how to meet and han dle this menace to his cotton crop He will not acquire all this informa tion at once, and by diversifying his agriculture and cutting down the area devoted to cotton he is simply taking out insurance against losses which will certainly follow if he per sists in devoting the major portion of his land to cotton alone. After the farmer becomes acquainted with the weevil and knows better the nature and extent of the damage he is likely to accomplish in various sections of the state, when the area devoted tc cotton can be considerably enlarged with safety. Under the circumstances let us consider how a farm of 50 acres would have to be modified or changed where boll weevil Infesta tion is bad, relatively speaking, in order to enable the farmer to grow some cotton and still vary the pro ducts of his land so as to enable him to maintain a maximum amount of livestock and desirable and read ily marketable crops available for sale. Under such circumstances in stead of growing 20 acres in cotton this area should be cut say to 8 or 10 acres. The other half of the land devoted to cotton could then be planted to peanuts alone, or the 10 acres in question might be di vided into different sized areas, 6 acres, say, to be devoted to peanuts. 2 acres to crops which can be grazed down by hogs, and 2 acres say,, to sweet potatoes. The other 20 acres of land could then be de voted to corn in which velvet beans are grown, and to oats followed by cowpeas for hay. ’ The small sections of the farm, such as the orchard and garden and the pasture or cow lo.t, the alfalfa area and the sections devoted to grazing crops for hogs, need not be materially changed. It may be ad visable, however, under some cir cumstances, to increase the alfalfa to three acres and to reduce the size of the area devoted to crim son clover, cowpeas and soy beans to one and a half acres. This would make the section devoted to rape and vetch one and a half acres. Under this arrangement more time and labor would be available for picking th 5 weevils off the cotton when they first make their appear ance in the field, for cultivating it better and more rapidly, for pick ing up the fallen, squares, and for spraying it systematically. By this arrangement a rotation could be eas ily practiced as the ciotton , could be moved + he second year to an en tirely new area of land. It might, for instance, follow the peanuts, or it could come after the oats or corn. Increase Nitrogen. It will be observed that by the arrangement indicated the cultiva tion of legumes is emphasized with the idea of increasing the store of nitrogen in the soil and adding somewhat to its humus content as well. By the variation in crop cul tivation suggested the fertility of the land can be maintained better than is possible where clean culture is followed and only one crop grown on the same land year after year. If the crops grown on the farm are modified to meet boll weevil conditions and make average yields there would be plenty of roughage to increase the number of cows and cattle kept to a considerable extent, and there would be an abundance of grazing available for finishing off a considerable number of hogs. There is no reason why a farm of this size should not have anywhere from 25 to 50 hogs for sale throughout the year. If the farmer is conveni ent to a small town or city he will find a ready sale for good milk and butter. He can ship cream also if he is convenient to a railroad; If on a milk route he could no doubt sell the milk to someone who is gathering it up and carrying it to the city for distribution. This is a common practice in many sections of the country. The average , farmer who has de voted all his energies to cotton glone will be astonished to find what a wealth of food he can produce by organizing his farm on the basis mentioned. He will be surprised at what a relatively large income will be derived from a few cows, or the sale of calves and yearlings. The sale of hogs will bring in a con siderable amount of money, considering the fact that they will harvest their owa food, which will make them big and fat and fit therh for slaughter. There is a good de mand for truck crops and hay. Ex cellent hay and forage can be made from several of the crops which could be grown, and in order to sell either sweet or Irish potatoes prof itably it is only necessary tj handle them so as to place them on a mar ket where there is not a glut. Ref erence has already been made to having a sweet potato house. This can be built from materials avail able on an average farm and at a 1055' cost. Plans of . these struc tures can now be obtained simply for the asking. Purchasing Cost Lessened. By the arrangement suggested and the increase in the alfalfa area the necessity of purchasing grain in the form of concentrates is greatly minimized and this is a wonderful advantage to the farmer. In other words, if alfalfa is available to feed along with corn and oats and vel vet beans these crope may be made to go much further than svhere al falfa is missing. Moreover, by com bining alfalfa with any of the crops mentioned the livestock on the farm will be kept in better condition and made to grow out more rapidly. There is no reason in the svorld svhy we should not therefore take the average fifty-acre farm in Georgia and reorganize it on some such basis as has been suggested and make farming as profitable and desirable from every point of view as when cotton was the main crop produced. If the boll weevil forces us to diversify intelligently along the lines suggested the state of Georgia is obliged to become more prosperous in the long run than it has ever been, and tve will have taken a long step forward in the establishment of what tve may prop erly term a permanent type of agri culture. .T. W. W., Rebecca, Ga., writes: What strains of cotton are best to plant on land that is subject to wilt? Where can I get College No. 1 seed? What per cent of fertility is obtained by plowing under crab grass in tiie fall? The best strains of cotton 10 plant quis New Questions 1 — Who is regarded as the father of modern philosophy? 2. —Who .wrote ‘‘The Divine Com edy?” 3. —What caused the Seminole war in the United States? 4. —What is the highest mountain peak in South America, and what is its altitude? 5. —Who was the first Assyrian king to invade Egypt? 6. —What famous Greek svas raised under disguise as a king’s daughter? 7. —What saint was called ‘‘John the Almoner” and the greatest orator of the ancient church. 8. —What member of Frederick the Great’s staff served as an inspector general under George Washington? 9. —What emperor gained the title of “The Guardian of Mankind” by his great justice? 10. —What American statesman was called “Old Bullion?” Questions Answered IQ. "Who was the most celebrated painter of the Flemish school? A.— Peter Paul Rubens. 2Q. Who are called "the seven stars”? A.—According to the mytho- Farmers Should Investigate Well All Cotton-Dusting Machines Control of the cotton boll weevil by poisoning has been received so en thusiastically by farmers that, svith present facilities for dusting-ma chinery production, the demand can not be met, according to specialists of the United States department of agriculture under whose direction the poisoning system has been develop ed. Every effort should be made, they say, tosvard having as satis factory as possible all machines that are put out. Information in Bulletin Many concerns that are consider ing manufacturing dusting machin ery are not informed as to the re quirements, and farmers are not so svidely informed as they should be on svhat constitutes a good dusting machine. To meet these tsvo needs, Farmers’ Bulletin No. 1098 is short ly to be published. It will give in detail the experiences of the de partment, .extending through several years, with the various types of ma chinery. It will point out the par ticulars in which special care must be taken, both in. manufacture and operation, and, generally speaking, will enable the farmer to detect the difficulties in advance of purchase and to protect himself from loss and on lands which are subject to wilt disease are Covington TOole and va-. rious other strains representing pre sumed improvements in this variety Among these may be metnioned Pet ty’s Toole, Council Toole and Lewis’ 63. These are now standaid sorts of cotton and quite extensively pro duced for seed purposes in various sections of the state. College No. 1 is not considered as wilt-resistant, nor is this true of Cleveland. Hence we do not advise the planting of either of these strains on.land af fected with the wilt disease. College No. 1 seed is only avail able in moderate quantities at' the present time, but we can send you a list of certified producers of this seed if you wish to have the same. Cleveland, as you doubtless know, is one of the best early strains for planting under s.’eevil conditions but it has never been developed for resistance, therefore it should not, he planted in south Georgia except on land which is not affected by this trouble. Y"ou will obtain some plant food and add some humus to your soil by f lowing under a heavy crop of crab grass iq the fall, but it will not ma terially increase any of the avail able elements contained in your land. You are rather, on the other han, conserving plant food which might be lost by erosion. Os course, one should make it a practice to turn over every bit of material growing on the land, because humus is one of the elements in which our soils are chiefly deficient, and crops of the character turned under help to remedy this defect. It is impor faht to have humus in our soils v.here we expect to grow cotton un der weevil conditions, because it helps the land to retain moisture and supply it to the plants during a dry spell, A better cultivation of the land is essetnial for various reasons, hut for none more than that of keep ing the soil well supplied with mois ture all through the season so as to prevent the shedding from which cotton commonly suffers in a dry period. All the shedding is fre quently attributed to the work of the Lon weevil, while a s a matter of fact a part of ’t, and sometimes the greater part of it, is due entirely to ■he fact that the land is so devoid of vegetabie matter it will not hold : Ufficient moisture to tide the plants .9'5 er a dry spell. THE MEBITS OF BASIC phosphate B. L. 8.. Madras, Ga., writes: What do you think of the value of duplex basis phosphate? I can buy this about cheaper per ton than 16 per eent acid phosphate. I want to use it on farm crops and possibly some of it on grass. Bo you think it advisable to use ph ne?' 11 Kbe beter t 0 use aci<l P llOB - Our experience with*the basic slag phosphate has been quite satisfac tory. We have used it to a consid erable extent and at various times on different crops. The value of material of this kind depends pri marily on several things. One, of Course, is the fineness to which it is ground. Its value is also influ enced by the per cent of available plant food it contains. Materials of this character show a gross, no doubt, of about 18 per cent of phosphoric acid, but presumably only a part of this will become available the first year. Just haw much it ivould be difficult to say, but we imagine about 8 per cent. In basic slag there are as a rule four parts of lime combined with one of phosphoric acid. This material is naturally insoluble in pure water, but to some extent in water contain ing carbonic acid gas. Where soils are acid the tendency will be for the larger part of the available phos phoric acid It contain s to become available, and the lime in this ma terial is of some benefit to the soil. It is recommended as being of espe cial value on low, swampy soils and soils that tend to be acid. We do not think, where one wants immedi ate results, this material is superior to acid phosphate. SFECIADIZINGrnT SWEET PO TATO GROWING! C. K. P.. Boston, Ga.. writes: I am turning my land to plant 75 acres in Nancy Hall sweet potatoes, to put on the market next July, and wish to know what is tiie best fertilizer to use and how to use it. Tiie land is red clay with a top of dark brown and a little pebly. Will a 9-2-3 do tiie work or will it take 9-2-4? Any suggestions will be appreciated. Situated as you are we would pro ceed in the cultivation of sweet po tatoes as follow: When the land has been broken with a two-horse plow lay it off in rows say 3.5 feet logical story, the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione, who supposedly committed suicide because of grief at the death of their sisters, the Hyades, or because of the fate of their father. After their death, the story says, they svere translated to the heavens and form the group of the Pleiades or “The Seven Stars.” 3—Q. Who was “Peter Parley?” A. —Samuel Griswold Goodrich, who used “Peter Parley” as his pen name. 4 —Q. What is Sanskrit? A.—The ancient literary language of India. SQ. Who is commonly called "The Father of History?” A.—The Greek Historian, Herodotus. 6Q. Which state yields nearly half the gold product of the United States? A.—California. 7Q. When were shells first used as projectiles? A. —By the Sultan of Gujarat in 1480. B.—Q. What is peat? A.—A sub stance formed by the decomposition of plants in marshes and morasses. It is used for fuel in some coun tries. 9—Q. Os svhat country is corn a native? A. —It probably is a native of Mexico. possible failure of the poisoning operation. If there are questions not covered by the bulletin, inter ested persons are invited to corre spond svith the Delta Laboratory, Tallulah, La., where most of the ex perimental work has been done. The specialists in charge there will give the best advice possible to meet in dividual conditions. Three Types In Use There are three types of machinery now in use in cotton boll sveevll poisoning. One is the hand-dust gun, another is a large machine mounted on a four-wheel truck and operated by an engine, and the third is an in termediate type on two wheels and operated by wheel traction. The hand gun, the specialists say, id not practicable except for very small areas or in conjunction with power machinery. The large machine has been found to be too complicated for the class of labor that must do most „of the work. Being very heavy, breakage is freqquent, moving from field to field is difficult and serious delays are hardly to be avoided. The wheel traction type of machine ob viates many of the difficulties of both the other types and appears to be much the most promising ma chine for future use. apart. Then open a wide and deep furrow and put in the two tons of yard manure per acre. You may sup plement this by the use of litter from nearby woodlands which is partly recayed." We tvould mix this material with the soil and the yvork should be done before the lower areas of the ground become tod" svet,.,* We would bed over this material fqi; the sweet potato crop, giving the vegetable matter added to the soil as much time as possible to decay during the winter months. At or shortly before the time of planting put the fertilizer in the soil. You can bury it to a fairly good depth so that it will not coma in contact with the ends of the potato slips as they are set in the row. I suggest that you use not less than 500 pounds of a 9-3.5-4 for this crop. I believe you would like to use as much as 4 per cent nitrogen where the intention is to force the crop jto early growth and development. Im our experience the sweet potato crop has proven a heavy user of phos phoric fceid and potash, and yvhile the latter element is expensive and probably difficult to obtain we are inclined to think that it will pay you to use as much as 4 per cent of it. There is not nAuch to choose between the carriers of nitrogen. A part of this material might be made up of nitrate of soda and the balance of sulphate of ammonia, blood, tank age or cottonseed meal. I would be governed in the purchase and use of nitrogenous elements for this Crop entirely by the cost. A formula of the character suggested should suit the type of soil you described very yvell. This is a minimum rather than a maximum application of plant food to use under sweet potatoes. We believe that by managing the soil as indicated and fertilizing it in the manner suggested you should be able to secure a good yield of pota toes of fine quality relatively early in the season. Trappers Should Ship Furs Quickly for Good Profits If you would make the most money possible from the furs you trap, con nect up with a reliable fur house and ship furs away as you take them instead of waiting to get a big lot. The reallly efficient trapper is the man who keeps his furs going to the market in a steady stream, from day to day, and welcomes, for his pains, a steady stream of checks in return. The big advantages of shipping as you trap are that you avoid conges tion, both at the scene of shipment and at the market; get your money more quickly and sell on a known market rather than one that may drop. Most successful trappers ship their furs away every week or two, but a fe5V novices follow the waiting policy. That is they hoard their skins and send them away in one shipment. This waiting policy is a costly one because toward the end of the sea son the market pflces on furs us ually drop. Seeasonable skins usual ly sell better at the height of the season because more of the buyers are interested and they meet with a ready sale. Government Quotations on Cotton and Cotton Seeu WASHINGTON". D. C.—To give to producers and others information re garding actual cotton prices in their local or near-by important markets the bureau of markets of the United States department of agriculture is inaugurating a cottor. price quota tion service and svill issue reports from five important points in the cotton belt. Cotton seed prices also will be covered. The first report is to be issued from Memphis. Tenn., for the district immediately surrounding that point; other reports will . follosV from dis trict headquarters *at Atlanta. Ga.: New Orleans, La.; Charlotte, N. C.. and Dallas, Tex,, for the territory immediately surrounding each of those points. * How Rats Multiply In ten years the descendants of a single pair of rats, if allowed to multiply undisturbed, would number 43,319,698,843,030,344,720, according to figures prepared for the British board of agriculture by a well known scientist. This calculation is an in cident of the country-wide campaign being svaged against rats, which are to do a yearly damage in the United Kingdom amounting to $200,- 000,000. Government Reports 11,030,000-Bale Crop, Worth $1,500,000,000 WASHINGTON, Dec. 11.—A cotton crop of more than five and a quarter billion pounds, worth upwards of ?!,- 500,000,000 to producers for lint alone, not taking into account the value of linter cotton and cotton seed, was grown this year. Final estimate of production made Thursday by the de partment of agriculture placed the crop at 11,030,000 equivalent 500- pound bales. , Much interest centered in the re port in view of the recent attack on the last estimate of 10.696,000 bales made by the bureau of crop estimates early in October as being too high and which resulted in a resolution by congress causing; the issuance of an extra condition re port in November. Today’s estimate exceeds the Oc tober estimate by 334,000 bales. The December estimate of the department of agriculture, while not accepted as the final production figures, inas much as the census bureau’s gaining statistics issued in March are taken as final, always has been remarkably close to the actual production. Care ful checking of the estimate with actual production has disclosed that in the nineteen years from 1900 to 1919 the bureau of crop estimates’ December figures have averaged one and four tenths per cent lower than the census bureau’s final production figures. Woman Attacked by 2 Men; Son Missing ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., Dee. 13. The police today still svere search ing for the five-year-old son of Mrs. James Blake, of this city, who dis appeared last night, and who is be lieved to have been kidnaped by two negroes in soldiers’ uniform, after they had attacked the woman and robbed her of her handbag. No trace of the boy or the negroes has been discovered. The attack took place in Ventner, where Mrs. Blake and her son had been visiting friends. They were about to board a trolley car when the negroes sprang from shrubbery along the sidesvalk. One of them seized Mrs. Blake by the throat and she fainted. The other man took the child and when Mrs. Blake re gained consciousness the negroes and the boy had disappeared. •Orchard Notes, December 19ip. The orchards should be thoroughly plowed this month if it has no cov er crop on it. Care should be tak en in the orchard so as not to in jure the trees. Don’t pile trash around the trees. Wire protec tors may be used, or if the supply of concentrated lime sulphur is made on the place, the residue may be mixed with slacked lime and wa ter to make a sticky paste and this applied to the body of the trees. This is a very good protection from rabbits and fungus growths and disposes of the residues which are objectionable around the place. p,,..The success in orcharding depends largely on being prepared. On rainy days there is machinery to .repair, crates and boxes to put up. spray materials to mix, pruning tools to sharpen, books and bulletins to study. Trees should be pruned as soon as possible. Peaches up to the fourth winter should have 1-2 to 2-3 of all new grotvth cut back; all limbs interfering with the main limbs and all branches that will shade the inner twigs of the main limbs should be removed. Cut twigs to a bud and 'branches close up to the limbs. Don’t be > afraid to cut the peach tbees. Heavy limbs and trunks with bear ing limbs close to the ground make strong, thrifty, profitable trees. Heavy pruning promotes growth and only the new wqod bears peacZes. Prune older tv ees the same way but remove only 1-3 to 1-2 the new svood. The more new growth the heavier may be the pruning. Apples must grow to bear. Growth should be promoted by fertilizer and good land more than by pruning. Young trees may be headed back 1-3 to 1-2 oi their new growth. Do not allow too many main limbs; Keep a central leader and allow main limbs to form at least three places. About 1 1-2, 3 1-2 and 5 feet from the ground respectively is very good. Then prune the leader to form an open top 6 to 7 feet above the ground. On bearing trees prune out dead and broken limbs. Little prun ing should be done in old, bearing trees that have been properly cared for while young. Water sprouts should always be removed, and the trees should never become too thick. Get all pruning done early so that there will be plenty of time for spraying before the buds burst. Scuppernongs should be pruned in December, never later than January Ist. It is claimed that one of the new emergency brakes for automobiles can be applied with the pressure of a finger. Stags are bred in China for their horns, the horns being cut while soft each year and used in the man ufacture of medicine. N« Batteries T» Needed Operetd / ygMMffljEy yolM £a«y Fuodß Starling Saving UCdW IT IQ HANF Low rnanufacturin--'cost, ilvn la Id llvcvL increased production ami shipping direct from lactory enable me to get my engine prices lower than they have been in years. Ailsizea at proportionally low prices. Each size 20% to 50% surplus power Cash or Easy Toraio. 90 Days’ Trial -10 Year Guarantee Any size or style you uant,2t(>22H-P. Stationary. ’ Portable and Saw-Rig. The Ottawa bums Keroaene or Gasoline without changing engine. Easy to start CJulli TIZTZI ” Easy to operate. fkle book Makes all engines .ijSh r easy to understand, i 'g?B>' SwSr send ■—. font \ JjffSSwJba*m< KSr today / 8; " n<l new / * t jr >ow prices. / ®OqL' // ... «.lWw ■ sentative in each losalityto um “-nd s«d th® new Melanger W/t eCMJO Mitos. (N° seconds), M tLUHttER TIRE A ftafcSa V Y ' iTM’T’F * « ’J ’ » W Over all expenses. That's what D. J. Collier of Edgerton, Mo., did with an ABMIRAL HAY PRESS Universally admitted to be the most newerf ul, simplest, fastest hay baler mada. 33 years a success. V. L. Corzine, Dongola. 111., says. "My press Is doing as fine work as ever and this is its IGthse&sou.’ f IT? J send name and address A iw fl** r « t° da y f° r cur illustrated book, niv in* valuable in- _f n fS* _4Rhjf> ff.rmatlon cn Ray Balinar, and t.nr~LT _ special Cash or Tim. offer that enable you tn make bi* money hay- Uahn* this season. ADMIRAL BAY PRESS COMPANY Bin , Kanexa City, Mlcxvuri Use Molasses in Pork-Curing Recipes; Directions Given by Department Men In the present sugar shortage it is advisable, even if sugar can be procured, to use molasses or some kind of syrup in place of it in the formulas used for curing pork, ac cording to United States department of agriculture specialists. If sugar is used for dry curing, it is better, anyway, to make it into a syrup before using, for salt mixed with sugar will not stick on meat as well as salt mixed with syrup. The use of molasses or commercial syrup does away svith this extra work. The follosving formulas have been found to give good results: Sweet Fickle or Erine Cure Select pieces twelve pounds or less. Make a pickle consisting of: Three and one-half pounds salt. One and three-quarter pounds syrup or molasses, or if preferred, one and a quarter pounds sugar, pref erably brown. One ounce Saltpeter. Two and one-quarter gallons water. (These amounts are based on fifty pounds of meat. If more or less meat is used, the amounts of the Ingredients should be corresponding ly increased or decreased, as the case may be. Under no circumstances should the individual piece of meat weigh over twelve pounds.) Place the meat in a stone jar or. hardsvood barrel, and weight it down* with a board and stone. Do not! use iron, for it will rust. • Then pour in just pickle enough to, cover the meat. ; Leave the meat in the pickle three j days to the pound of meat, so that! a ten-pound ham would be left in] the pickle for thirty days, and a; six-pound bacon, eighteen days. j After the meat has been in cure> a week, take it all out of the jari or barrel, remove the pickle, replace' the meat, weight it down, and again I pour the same pickle over the i-Tat.i Repeat every week. Dry Cure (Applicable to either light or heavy meat.) Mix thoroughly— Three and a half pounds salt. One ounce of saltpeter. One ounce red paper. One ounce red pepper. Then add one and one half pounds warm syrup or molasses, and mix with the above until it assumes the appearance of sawdust. Apply a liberal coating of the above mixture to all surfaces of the meat, except the skin. The meat should then be placed on a table, clean floor, or in a hardwood barrel, after first sprinkling the sur face of the table, floor, or bottom of the barrel with salt. Leave all the meat in cure undis- MOne Man Saws 25 Cords a Dawn TEaEffis l MHi l II I ’ "fr3B^SSsM^r^ lc i»ng^ff d -^ r -gj|ffijY = f Y 1 The Ottawa Log Saw takes all the back aches and work out I I r’y lOf wood cutting. One man and the Ottawa can do as much fl I W* 1 ’ I fcs ten, with cross cut saws, could do the old way. Mounted fl I A / on truck whee,s to make it easy to move to legs and from fl 1 / CGt to cuL w >thout stopping engine. Thousands in use - fl •Cjfer every owner perfectly satisfied. Pays for itself in short time. When not 1-1 Bawin S can be used to run pumps, mills, feed cutters and other machines K & OTTAWA IOG SAW 4Cycle Engine; Automatic F©ir®r e .»j Governor; Oscillating Magneto; Hopper Cooled, i Dependable friction clutch on saw drive. Saves OlMfif From FflirtArv Wc Bave you b,g T oney I more tir P° in doin * the work than any other VIIV virroinreciory by shipping direct. Every power drag-saw. Built to do hardest work machine ready for immediate use when received I and give lasting aattefaction. Nothing cocsnUeated Safe delivery to your freight station guaranteed. 1 Engine starts without cranking P ’ ~ Frec Book J2Tf« ® .StojSjfel full description of this great work saver and low dircct-to-yoo °° * P °' t °* J bii x* Il " 1 «EO-E-W«0. AB Ottawa Mfg. Co. Mr ’ W on. iiinn We want you to tee the Dixie Razor and try it thoroughly. After trial if you want to keep it send @ H u« $1.95 and we will send you a fine SI.OO razor hone free. If you don’t want it return to us. Fill g S out blank below and mail to us. The razor will be sent you by return mail. 5 DIXIE MANUFACTURING CO., UNION CITY, GEORGIA _ H fl Send me a Dixie Razor on consignment for 10 DAYS FREE TRIAL. If satisfactory I will j> • ■ ffl send you special factory price off 1.95. If for any reason Ido not want it I will return it to you H " pl at the end of ten days. If I keep razor and pay for it promptly you are to send me a FINE SI.OO y ' I .■ RAZOR HONE FREE. (3) £ NAME fl T r, state r. r.D fl aililu w ill dii"UsßaKla mFa'il™ ARE BARMESVILLE EUGGEES EVERY BUGGY GUARANTEED FOR 10,000 MILES Ride a Barnesville Pride or Beauty I3us?rjy three times across the continent” | and wc will guarantee it every mile of the way. Just send $lO for any bgjfgy in i our catalog. Return the bugcry after sixty days driving trial i f you are not completely satisfied, and- full price paid for buggy will be refunded, i together with freight charges. Our buggies are made of selected materials by expert buggy builders. N That is how we ean give you an ironclad guarantee with safety. Barnes- ’ |i ville Pride and Beauty Buggies are light, strong, easy running and w beautifully finished. Write for catalog and money-saving price list ' B. W. MIDDLEBROOKS, Pres., ( BARNESVILLE BUGGY MFG. CO. XV/ ' | 50 Main St. Barnesville, Ga *D-> 3m.«Kj. ji>.’j:.'.-;.’.<"!3!>.u^M,wn— --.t-.:- v?ja... ..ar ISI'I3I 'SjfefijM wTOMSWffiMHa iVED I“I »m pleased and satis'ied;” writes Z1BT? A.TD OF I"I am enc'oeing or; PJ 'aOd lif « Car i»|p. Fr .of < leola Ca. , W<'CT> SHINOIXS I Jnr •Evcnyear'B IQW 1...... u-.-.- 30,40, which made a- v " ..JPr —* Roofinc. My dilngloß bam Had no trouble in putting Rooting on. roof 1b sound, but lam afraid of fire. Ship anG 'ed BO W by ordering from you " Boon as you can,” writes Mr. W. R. Alford. Pres.,a . ... , ... .... Camdon Cotton Oil Co. Camden. Ala. D " h 0 A »T« C 4 TEST J - ara “ aroo2 ’• • ,tW “ ” ra y.z.P. C raws® whig FmceiWss, WE pay mS I DIRECT TO YOU FIREPROOF EASY TO MAIL OB SO "V’esars fEPRCJfJF I "Everwear” Roofing Is GUR 30 DAY OFFER |.Get yocrjoqf-S N’T RUST I SAVES YOU MONET ■midlasa or railed risht ov.r old ~ood o»n direct IS,d b Wi&r EVERY B>?u I with BUILDING. IH STYLE 05 I "EVERWEAR” is znado aasfßoofinsTßoolr. iGLE.PAiTraN i Savaasah Fcr.ce & hoofing C© o | “ d G ‘” 3r “' d Dept, u, SavaJMb, Ga. g ni J flaflSgMH’T" turbed until the heaviest piece has been in for a period of one and a half : days to the pound. Thus if the heaviest ham weighs twenty pounds, leave all the meat in cure thirty days. . Meats cured in sweet pickle or brine should be consumed witbin ninety days from date of cure. Meats cured with dry cure may be Con sumed immediately upon removal from cure, but the flavor improves with age, and the meat is better sixty days after curing. Dry-cured hams have been known to keep three or four years. Canadian shippers have been ex porting large quantities of eggs pur chased in the United States, some going through Canadian ports and some through ports of this coun try. A pantry well filled with home canned and otherwise preserved fruits and vegetables means more va ried, attractive, and wholesome diet during the winter months, as well as cheaper living. Boni Send a Penny Ibese Len-Mort Work and Outdoor Shoes are such wonderful value that we will gladly send them to you by mail, . •30 money down. Xou will find them so well- ■ made and sostylish and such a big mon ey saving bargain t that you will sura- A. ly keep them. No need to pay higher prices when you can buy Wt 'f 5' direct from us. Why pay $6 and Wisy ' $7 for shoes not near so good? Great Offer tse " W's?"' / tneet the de- SGs®*' mand of an outdopf city workers’ shoo ' as well as fee the ' modern farmer. Built on stylish lace Blucher last Special ' tanning process makes the . leather proof against the acid in milk, manure, soil, gasoline, ete.' They ■ outwear three ordinary pairs of shoes Very flexible, soft and easy on the feet. Made by a special process which leaves all the "life” in the leather and givesit a wonderful wear-resisting quality Double leather soles • and heels Dirt and water-proof tongue Heavy chrome leather tops Just slip them on and see if they are not most comfortable, most wonderful shoes you ever wore. Pay or shoes on arrival, if. after careful only , , . examination, you don’t find then- all you expect, send them back and we will return your money. Order by No. A18025. C.IFN yOQr namc and address, and oe sure to w a« W state size you want. You be the jud ze of quality, style and value. Keep them only if satis factory in every way Be sure to give size and width. LEONARD-MORTON & CO.. Dept 2301 Chicago* 7
