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THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL
X s
ATLANTA, GA., 5 NORTH FORSYTH ST.
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THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL. Atlanta, 'Ga.
Animal Husbandry.
HE States of Missouri and Wisconsin
have made a unique and enviable rec
ord within the past decade as com-
T
pared with other States of the Union in that
the number of tenant farmers has shown a
steady decrease during the period while the
number of farm owners has increased. No
other States boast such a record. On the con
trary, in every other State the number of
tenant farmers has increased Steadily since
1880. In Kansas and Illinois, which are sup
posed to be unusually prosperous and pro
gressive, more than 40 per cent of the farm
ers are tenants, whereas in Missouri over 75
per cent of the farmers own the lands which
they till, and, according to local authorities,
the farmers of Wisconsin are in even better
shape.
Commenting upon these conditions the
Kansas City Times remarks:
No doubt there are many reasons why
tenancy has not gained as rapidly in Mis
souri and Wisconsin as in other States
in the past and the same reasons prob
ably have operated to cause a decline
during the last decade. One of the prin
cipal reasons is the fact that in both of
these States livestock production is the
dominant agricultural industry. Both
are celebrated for beef cattle, swine and
poultry, Wisconsin for dairy cattle and
hogs. Neither is classed among the great
grain export States. Almost universally
livestock and land-owning farmers go to
gether, partly because a renter cannot
as a rule become a successful stockman
and partly because the livestock farmer
has less opportunity to spend his earn
ings, and therefore a greater incentive
to save and buy a farm.
As the Times suggests it is singular and
significant that the two States in which farm
tenancy is on the decline are States that are
given over largely to animal husbandry. The
growth of livestock and dairying in Missouri
and Wisconsin undoubtedly have contributed
to the ever-increasing prosperity of the farm
ers. The same is true in the South. The sec
tions that have prospered most are the sec
tions wherein the farmers have appreciated
the advantage of livestock production.
The Montgomery Advertiser, discussing
farm tenancy in the South, believes that the
remedy for this condition is to be found in
the promotion of the livestock and dairy in
dustry.
“Land,” remarks the Advertiser, “is easier
to acquire and hold in the cotton States of
the South than in any other section. The
tenant who has thrift, intelligence and indus
try holds the key to independence in the
South. Thousands of tenants every year come
nearer and nearer to independence. The ten
ant of yesterday may be the landlord of to
morrow in almost any State in the South.
With the development of the livestock and
dairying industry his problem should be sim
plified beyond what it now is by virtue of na
tural conditions.”
It is a source of gratification to remark
that the Southern farmers generally, and no
where more than in Georgia, have come to
realize and appreciate the point made by the
Montgomery Advertiser, and that reports
from all sections indicate that the farmers
are engaging more and more extensively in
the production of livestock and dairy pro
ducts.
Mr. Asquith's “Come-Back”.
IHE most talked-of event in current
British politics is the election of For-
T
met Premier Asquith as member of
Parliament from Paisley. Standing as candi
date of the Liberals, he won by a substantial
majority over his Coalition and Labor oppo
nents. His victory over the former is set
down by some observers partly to the fact
that the present Government counseled its
<supporters not to oppose him, so that it was
the merely local Coalitionists who figured in
the contest.
This policy has given rise to much conjec
ture. “The electors,” we are told, “are try
ing to divine the motives of Lloyd George in
seeking to return the man he ousted from the
Premiership and who is certain to prove a
dangerous antagonist. Lloyd George inti
mates that it is in the public interest that
should not lose the services of so
competent a statesman as Mr. Asquith, but
the politicians are satisfied that the Wily One
has some other object in view.”
However that may be, Mr. Asquith’s re
appearance in the House of Commons will
give the Liberals the ablest leader they could
obtain and will put heart and power into the
party of opposition.
* Still more interesting, and perhaps more
significant, was the former Premier’s defeat
of his Labor opponent. In 1918 the Laborites
came out of the Paisley election with a minor
ity of only one hundred and nine, but in the
recent test their minority was nearly three
thousand. Mr. Asquith, ‘it should be noted,
stood for all the measures of constructive re
form in which labor is interested, but was un
compromisingly opposed to the nationaliza
tion of industry.
His election thus is a sign. of steady think
ing in England as well as a forerunner of in
teresting political developments.
I Common Rights and Common
Sense in the April Primary.
EING a practical'minded people and
traditionally watchful of their rights,
Georgia Democrats are pondering two
B
matters of especial concern as the day of
their Presidential primary draws near. They
are considering who is best qualified to lead
the party to victory and to power for nation
al service. And they are asking ever more in
sistently, as an issue that comes home to the
very vitals of their citizenship, what the
State Executive Committee is going to to
about the rule, promulgated by seven of its
members, which denies the voter his right
ful freedom of choice and makes him a pup
pet in the hands of political manipulators.
These questions are closely related. If the
people are to choose for the best interests of
the party and the country, they must be per
mitted, first of all, to choose without dicta
tion or restraint. To say that they shall be
restricted to such candidates as the Seven
Censors may approve is to make the forth
coming primary a travesty upon all that is
truly Democratic. For whose service was
this primary called, the Committee’s or the
people’s? To whom does it belong, to the
politicians or the voters? If the Democrats
of Georgia, charged with declaring their
preference for a Presidential nominee, are
not entitled to vote for whomsoever they
will, regardless of a committee’s prejudices
and designs, then are they entitled to noth
ing, and the party of their old allegiance
has become an empty name.
A basic principle is here at stake, a fun
damental right which, as we prize liberty and
are loyal to democracy, we dare not leave
unvindicated. That distinguished Baptist
minister and ever faithful champion of civic
righteousness, Dr. M. Ashby Jones, stated
the issue unanswerably when he said in a
communication to The Journal: “I never was
very much interested in the discussion of
the question, is Hoover a Democrat. But I
am intensely interested in the question which
confronts us now, is the Democratic party
democratic?” Writing from this wholly im
partial viewpoint, Dr. Jones added these,
: among many other searching observations:
“If any group of men is given the pow
i er to say whom they will allow the peo
ple of the pariy to vote for, democracy
is once again • delivered into the hands
of oligarchy. The very wellspring of
freedom itself is the right of the indi
vidual to choose and initiate his own
political impulses. To limit or coerce
this individual right is to poison democ
racy at its fountain source. . . The right
of Mr. Hoover to be a candidate is not
and never has been the issue. Neither
Mr. Hoover nor the people of Georgia
have ever raised that question. The is
sue is not the right of any candidate, but
a far more sacred and fundamental right
is in controversy, and that is, the right
of the individual Democrat to vote for
whom he pleases.”
Can it be that our friends the Committee
men are appalled at the rising tide of Geor
gia sentiment for Herbert Hoover, and there
fore are unwilling to trust the people with
a ballot bearing his among other names? If
so, they will do well to take note that the
stanchest and ablest Democrats of the State
are insisting that the people be given this
right, and that some go as far as to contend
that Hoover is the one possibility of the
Democrats’ carrying the next Presidential
election. Thus the Waycross Journal-Herald,
as loyally Democratic a paper as ever fought
the good fight, declares its conviction that
Democracy must win with Hoover, if it is
to win at all. If we wish merely to reaffirm
the party’s principles and poll the unfailing
vote of the solid South but lose the East and
West and go down in costly albeit honorable
defeat, then, argues our Waycross contempor
ary, it makes no great difference whom we
nominate; there are any number of deserving
and highly admirable Democrats for whom
the party’s own household can vote with
hearty good will. But if we wish to win,
realizing that win we must in order that we
may duly serve; if we are to carry not only
the solid South, and the traditional Demo
cratic strongholds of other regions, but the
doubtfui States as well and the decisive vote
of the Independents, then, the Journal-Her
ald reasons, the party must have such a
nominee as Hoover. The same paper (and it
should be noted that its views are typical of
those of an ever increasing number) de
clares that “the country is tired of politicians
and their methods;” that Hoover represents
just the combination of great business abil
ity and great human sympathies that appeal
most keenly to the thoughtful rank and file.
It recalls the historic fact that as adminis
trator of Belgian relief he handled a fund
of two hundred and fifty million dollars at
an overhead expense of only one-sixteenth of
one per cent, and infers that. such genius
and integrity cannot fail to win the favor oi
American taxpayers at this critical time.
Whether or not one considers Hoover the
only practical choice or the best one the party
ca/make, none of open mind will deny that
democratic rules are the only kind which a
Democratic committee should employand to
which Democratic Georgians will submit.
Trade Ties to Latin America.
MONG the many striking aspects ot
this country’s business development in
the course of the World War none is
A
'more remarkable than the growth of com
merce with Latin America. For the twelve
month preceding Juue the 30th, 1914, our ex
ports to that region amounted to two hundred
and eighty-two million dollars; for the ca.en
dar year 19J.9 they amounted to nine hundred
and thirty million. Before the war we sold
those countries about, twenty-three per cent
of their foreign purchases, and last year
something like forty-six per cent.
The immense increase is explained chiefly
by the suspension of European sales and
services. Goods formerly imported from the
United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Germany
and Austria were for the most part procur
able from the United States alone. No less
significant was the fact that financial ac
commodations for which Latin-America ■was
wont to look to Europe were to be found no
where if not in the banking communities of
this country. Thus there developed between
the Americas a volume and variety of busi
ness hitherto unapproached.
Happily, too, it was reciprocal business,
for while our neighbors to the South greatly
increased their purchases from us,we at the
same time added a vast deal to our imports
from them. The National City Bank of New
York interestingly notes in this connection
that in the first half of the war period Latin-
American exports were of exceedingly slow
growth, the total for the twenty countries
amounting to $1,838,000,000 in 1917 as
against $1,503,000,000 in 1913. But in 1918
the figures leaped to $2,378,000,000, and in
1919 to approximately $3,000,000,000. This
is ascribed to the fact that in the first part
of the war the European demand for such
Latin-American products as coffee, cocoa
i fruits, rubber and tin fell off. while in the
i later years such exports as meats, wool and
; nitrates came fully into play.
In all these developments the United
' States figured notably, so that today the trade
j relationships between our nation and the
; neighboring republic is more extensive than
' ever before, and morq cordial. Everyth'ng
! possible should be done to strengthen these
goodly tics, for uroi them depends a great
measure of the western world's propcity
[and w’ellbeing.
THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY .TOURNAI', ATI,ANTA, GA. FRIDAY, MARCH 5, l»20.
[ABANA, CUBA; Feb. 21. —Cuban has
been made one of the wealthiest and
H
ceitainly one of the most prosperous
spots on the face of the earth during the last
lour years. Tobacco, prohibition and fruit
nave contributed something to this prosperity
but the main cause of it is the tremendous
rise in the price of sugar.
That acute shortage in sugar which has in
convenienced almost every individual in the
United States and Europe has poured wealth
into Cuba at an almost incredible rate. The
world catastrophe of war has been to Cuba
not only a blessing, but a veritable salvafion.
Just before the war broke out, the Cubans
were financially flat on their backs. Raw
sugar was bringing about two and a half or
three cents a pound. It scarcely paid to grind
it. A financial crisis threatened. Then came
war and the steady upward trend of sugar
prices.
The sugar crops of 1917-18 and 1918-19
were practically commandeered by the United
States sugar beard. Theoretically the Cubans
were free to sell their sugar to whomever they
pleased, but the United States government let
it be known that it would regard it as a
friendly act if the Cuban sugar was all con
signed to the United States. The advisability
of performing this act of friendship was em
phasized by the fact that the United States
controlled the shipping, and that a Cuban
who wanted to sell his sugar somewhere else
would have had a hard time getting ships.
In effect the Cuban sugar crop wqs taken by
force to this country, but the Cubans did not
object or complain because they got from
$4.60 to $5.50 a hundred pounds for their
sugar, and that seemed at the time to be a
very good price.
When the next crop—that is, the one now
being ground—came into the market, a good
mqny of theh large Cuban producers thought
it would be a good idea to sell it to the United
States Sugar Board again. In this they were
not Motivated by friendship for us or by fear
of a shortage of ships, but by the fact that
they thought if they could get $6.50 a hun
dred for the crop from the sugar board, they
would be doing very well. Several of the big
producers, owning about one-third of the
Cuban crop, got together and wrote a letter
to the sugar board offering to sell the crop
at that price. Other sugar producers differed
with these, and preferred to hold out for a
higher price in an open market, but if the
sugar board had accepted the offer, it could
have secured at least half of the Cuban crop
in all probability, and it could thereby have
averted the sugar shortage and the high
prices from which we are now suffering.
The sugar board refused to make the pur
chase for reasons which have been explained
in a previous Haskin letter. It doubted its
authority to do so and put the matter up to
the president and to congress; but neither did
anything, and our sugar was lost. The crop
is now more than half sold, and is bringing
as high as twelve cents a pound. If we went
into the market now we could not get much
Cuban sugar, even at that price. The failure
of the sugar board to buy that sugar at six
and a half while it had the chance was a blow
to every sugar bowl in the United States.
For very soon after the Cuban producers
made that offer, sugar prices began to soar.
American manufacturers of candy, cakes and
other products that require sugar, were the
ones who boosted the price first. The sugar
refiners in this country-bought very little at
that tinj.e because they believed that six and
a half was a top-notch price and that it would
come down. They made a bad guess. The
ONE MIND—NOT TWO
By H. Addington Bruce
■ VERY once in a while I receive a letter
indicating that still is much mis-
1 understanding as regards that important
E
and interesting psychological fact—the subcon
scious.
People write relative to the comparative
merits of the conscious and the subconscious
mind. Or, employing the unfortunate language
of the late Thomson J. Hudson, they speak of
the objective mind and the subjective mind.
All of which suggests a widespread notion
that in every man there are two minds. While
the fact is that Conscious and subconscious are
i simply terms descriptive of different phases or
regions of one and the same mind, the single
mind which man possesses.
Let me quote the first, and even today per
haps the best, brief description of the sub
conscious, as given by the investigator who did
more than anybody else to turn the attention
of scientsits to it. This was Frederic W. H.
Myers, who usually spoke of the subconscious
as the subliminal self.
“By using this term,” Myers explained, “1
do not assume that there are two correlative
and parallel selves existing always within each
of us. Rather I mean by the subliminal self
that part of the self which is commonly sub
liminal.
“And I conceive that there may not only
be co-operations between the quasi-independent
trains of thought, but also upheavals and al
ternations of personality of many, kinds, so that
what was once below the surface may for a
time, or permanently, rise above it.”
We read a book. We pay conscious atten
tion to its author’s views. We consciously
ponder his meaning. Then we turn to some
thing else.
Time passes. Much claims our attention. Ex
periences crowd in upon us. Consciously we
forget a great deal of the book we have read;
we may even forget that we have read it.
But a part of our mind keeps it in remem
brance unknown to us. And, under the influ
ence of some favoring association of ideas,
there may unexpectedly emerge from that part
a distinct recollection of the book read in the
long ago.
Or, though we consciously forget all about
the book, the ideas acquired from it, sinking
into the depths of our mind, may influence our
behavior unawares. So that they may gradually
change our character, for better or for worse
as the case may be.
That is what the subconscious is—our
mind’s secret storehouse and workshop. But,
most emphatically, it is not a different mind
from the one with which we consciously learn
and recall and reason.
There are never two minds in a man. Al
ways there is only one—always mind is a
unity, with different compartments, if you
please, and remarkable powers of interchange
between the different compartments, but essen
tially one and indivisible.
(Copyright, 1920, by the Associated Newspapers.)
IN MANY LANDS
THE FLORIDA KE?S
Thousands of Americans at this time of the
year are taking the only ocean trip which can
be made on a railroad train. They are going
to Key West byway of the line which runs
through the Atlantic ocean on an embankment ■
built from one to another of those tiny islands'
known as the Florida Keys.
As you ride along this remarkable railroad.'
you can look out the window and down into 1
the clear shallow water and see great schools'
of fish playing near thte surface, and deeper)
down you can glimpse now and then the '
shadowy form of a small shark. On either
side of you reaches way to the horizon a vast
expanse of brilliant Five water, dotted with |
Islands, which vary in sw.e from a fraction o
:m acre, to perhaps a qurrter of a feunre m '.e.
Tbev are low and flat -nd C'’?r'i with i-r- -
ring i : ■ : a j . .- i < ivr • warn • V -Us
and t! ;i* a <>!' or ro - al
palms lifts z leathery silhouette. Occasionally,
SUGAR —By Frederic J. Haskin
A LABOR PARTY
By Dr. Frank Crane
A certain part of the labor forces want to
form a labor party. They are moved, of
course, by the consideration that by so doing
they will advance the interests of the laboring
people and their organizations.
At first blush it would seem a good move.
But the first blush is wrong, as first and un
considered impulses usually are.
A party is not the means by which any im
provement in government can be secured, any
moral issue furthered or any other end reached
for the common good.
All such progress has been made by non
partisan efforts and propaganda. After it got
going the party stepped on and rode. This is
not argument. It is history. The abolition agi
tation, for instance, antedated the Republican
party.
The most conspicuous recent instance of
this kind, however, is the story of prohibition.
The profound conviction in this cause some
years ago took the form of a prohibition party,
it had presidential candidates, conventions and
everything. But after a while the dry leaders
had sense enough to see that this plan was
futile, and becoming less effective every four
years.
They changed tactics’, dropped the party idea,
organized the Anti-Saloon league, took to
pledging candidates of both the old parties—
and won hands down.
These same shrewd tactics have been fol
lowed by Mr. Gompers and have been con
spicuously successful. The labor organizations
have ten times more power now, more influ
ence on legislation, than they would have had
if they had, ten years ago, formed a labor
party, antagonized everybody and striven to
elect a president.
The Socialist party has been, on the whole,
a bad thing for Socialism.
The reason for all this is that our two po
litical parties are, under the practical condi
tions as they exist, not moral or altruistic
bodies at all. They are functionings purely of
self-interest, desire for office and power. They
are like the soulless giants Fasolt-and Fafner.
The thing to do, if any group has a moral im
pulse it wishes to carry out, is to control suf
ficient members of both parties.
That is what .the Prohibitionists did. That
is the Gompers policy. And it is a deal more
hard-headed and effectual than forming a new
party.
Third party folks are ingenuous souls who
believe the pleasing fiction that a party is an
ideal or conscientious thing; it is not; it is an
utterly practical thing; moral impulses must
originate outside of it.
A political party is an organization func
tioning directly to get its candidates into office;
what moral force it has is entirely indirect and
operative through these candidates as individ
uals. That is why a political platform is usually*
a joke and a non-partisan organization to influ
ence public opinion, such as the labor unions
and the Anti-Saloon league, is very effective.
(Copyright, 1920, by Frank Crane.)
QUIPS AND QUIDDITIES
A returned soldier and his sweetheart called
on a justice of the peace and asked him to
marry them. The justice married them, and,
apparently satisfied with his work, he said to
Vic: “Salute the bride.” For an instant the)
groom was flustered. Then he took two steps'
to the rear, came to distinct halt, clicked his !
heels together, and gave Mrs. Vic one of the
“doughboys’ finest.”
“Oh, well. I guess that will have to do,”
sighed the justice as he signed t he certificate.
a little shack is glimpsed, and few sails are'
seen in the distance, but for the most part the
region is a wilderness of blue water, white sand
and b w-growing jungle—a winderness that you
world love to e?:"lore in a small bort.
Os lie you see little. Now a d then white j
’erks c ib’srr. r?' fr«—. the i-’a-d": ; tree;
d ' civ _• v ; : i the t:" 1 n. er i
• ;; : i iw _., " is 1 -gs in L ne.-. '
V ■■■ > I r th; i. jst part,!
.iience and sunlight own the place. (
manufacturers, on the other hand, did no
guessing at all. They had to have sugar at
any price in order to stay in business, and
they bought all they could get, with the re
sult that prices steadily mounted until today
they are at a level that would have staggered
the Cuban imagination five years ago.
The present crop is estimated at about four
and a half million tons by H. A. Himely, an
agent for American refiners, who has the
reputation of guessing every year within one
or two per cent what the crop will be. This
is nearly half a million tons more sugar than
Cuba produced last year. Mr. Himely ad
mits, however, that the crop may be reduced
by labor troubles, which are the bane of
Cuban business just now. Except insofar as
it is interrupted by strikes and revolutions, a
steady increase in the Cuban sugar crop is
expected. Stimulated by high prices, which
promise to last for some time, Cuba will prob
ably produce in the next few years fifty per
cent more sugar than it is now producing. It
is doubtful whether the capacity of the island
will make it possible for the increase ever to
go much beyond that.
The prosperity which sugar has brought to
the island is widespread and much in evi
dence. Everyone who raised any sugar cane,
from President Menocal, who recently sold
one of his great sugar estates for nine million
dollars, to the little fellow operating on a few
acres of rented land, has made more money
than he ever dreamed of making. This pros
perity has naturally extended to the mer
chants, and to almost all other classes of busi
ness. Trade, especially in luxuries, is very
brisk. A manufacturer of high-grade walking
sticks down there from New York on a selling
trip, reports that he is selling a thousand dol
lars’ worth of goods to merchants who never
before took more than three hundred dollars
worth. And the demand is for ornate canes,
with gold, silver and amber heads. A local
merchant bought canes for fifteen dollars
apiece, and immediately placed them on sale
at thirty-five dollars.
“You are a profiteer,” the manufacturer
told him.
“I give them what they want,” he replied.
“If I marked those canes twenty dollars they
wouldn’t look at them.”
A thriving business is also being done in
automobiles, with which Habana is literally
running over. Big touring cars painted in
very bright colors and jitneys elaborately up
holstered in stamped leather are the favorite
types.
Much building is also going forward, stim
ulated by very high rents.
An especially prosperous class are the
colonos, or countrymen, who own sugar land
but no mills. It should be explained that a
large part of the sugar industry is controlled
by a few great concerns which own the mills
or centrals and lands in addition. Hitherto
the colono has not made much money. Most
of the profit on sugar cane at a low price went
to the mills which ground it. But now the
colono is getting tremendous prices for his
cane, and he is not the type of man to con
ceal his prosperity. These Cuban country
men are emerging from the tall timber in
crowds, building themselves houses in Vedado,
the fine residence section, riding about in the
biggest cars they can buy, loading their
women with the jewels which the Cuban so
loves. Never have the cases been so bright
with flowers and diamonds and the eyes of de
lighted senoras and senoritas. Never has the
Prado presented such a charming spectacle
of life and color as it does now every evening
at the hour of the promenade.
THE SEMI-WEEKLY EDITORIAL DIGEST
A National and Non-Partisan Summary of Leading Press Opinion on Current
Questions and Events
THOSE WHO DODGED THE DRAFT
“Men who willfully or technically or unin
tentionally evaded the draft did not obtain
absolution when the war ended,” comments
the NEW ORLEANS STATES (Dem.) on
Secretary Baker’s order for a round-up of
those who escaped military service against
Germany by violating the selective service act.
“Those whose record is not clear,” the
STATES adds, “will do well to prepare their
defenses, if they have any.”
The war department’s figures show that
altogether 325,265 men violated the draft
‘law*, at least in a technical sense. But 151,-
354 of these cases have been set aside as
“non-willful,” as it is shown that the men
affected had already joined the colors volun
tarily or were otherwise excusable. There re
mains 173,911 cases classed as “willful,” and
the government proposes to run them down.
It seems like a large number, but as the
BUFFALO EVENING NEWS (Rep.) points
out, “considering the great number of young
Americans that were involved in the draft,
the number of willful slackers was compara
tively small Nor will that number stand,”
the NEWS goes on, “for many youths so list
ed found their way into the service without
knowledge of their draft boards. The final
count may show no more than 100,000.”
All of the names will be published, and
thus innocent suspects will have a chance to
clear themselves. Those who fail to do so
will be apprehended and court-martialed, if
possible. “The prosecutions will emphasize a
dogged quality of the federal government
which has given wrongdoers no end of grief,”
says the SEATTLE POST-INTELLIGENCER
(Ind. Rep.), and continues:
“During the war the news dispatches con
tained reports from draft evaders’ colonies in
Mexico from time to time. . . . When the
armistice was signed and it appeared that
there would be no more fighting these exiles
drifted back to the country they would not
defend. They came back from Canada and
from various places of concealment, cheerfully
confident that their troubles were over.
Their error lies in misjudging the govern
mental memory which is aided by the perma
nent record in Washington.”
The PHILADELPHIA PRESS (Rep.) sees
a danger that merely technical offenses will
be too severely punished:
“While it will doubtless be necessary,” it
says, “to impose impressive punishment on
draft dodgers whose guilt is incontestably
proved, it is to be hoped, and it is highly
probable, that those who sit in judgment on
the cases will make all possible allowance
for innocent, if unexcusable, ignorance, as
opposed to malevolent sloth. It will also be
one of their immediate duties to clear of dis
honor the names of those who died between
the dates of registration and induction, and
who were erroneously charged with deser
tion.’-’
It occurs to the BALTIMORE SUN (Ind.
Dem.) to wonder “if 40,000 men should be
jailed under these proceedings, is there prison
room enough to accommodate them?” and the
SUN suggests that “in view of the fact that
many ‘conscientious objectors’ were released
from prison with a bonus and an apology, it
might be wiser to enter a general ‘non pros.’
against these slackers.” But with such a pol
icy the HOME SECTOR, published by A. E.
F. men, has no sympathy. “These men
skulked while others were suffering, and jus
tice and respect for the law demand that they
be made to suffer now.”
THE ARMY AIRPLANE “SCANDAL'*
“The favorite congressional sport is in
quiry, and the score is always a tie,” says
the TERRE HAUTE TRIBUNE (Ind.), re
ferring to the house investigation into air
craft production during the war. “The ma
jority of the committee finds the administra
tion guilty of a ‘riot of waste.’ The minor
ity finds the majority’s report to be ‘intem
perate, biased and cituperative, and exag
geration of alleged mistakes and misstate
ments.’ ” '
But the SUN AND NEW YORK HERALD
(Ind.) favors the majority report. “It cost
us $1,051,000,000 and uncounted lives for
feited unnecessarily to put 243 observation
planes in Europe in nineteen months,” says
the SUN, and adds that the report “confirms
the worst reports of inefficiency, waste and
failure in our war effort to turn out air
planes with which to fight the Germans.”
“Yet with this humiliation fresh in our
minds,” the same authority continues, “we
are plunging into fresh humiliation through
our present treatment of aviation
Congress has already allowed our navy and
army aeronautical establishment to sink, if
CURRENT EVENTS OF INTEREST
Several prominent generals and admirals
accused by the allies of war crimes issued a
declaration which, while reiterating their re
fusal to appear before a foreign court, ex
presses willingness of the men to go to trial
before a German judge in Berlin in whose
fairness they declare their confidence. The
signers of the declaration are General Erich
Ludendorff, former first quartermaster gen
eral; Admiral von Tirpitz, former minister of
the navy; General Erich von Falkenhayn,
former chief of staff; Field Marshal von
Kluck, Admiral von Schroeder, and numerous
other generals and admirals.
A German judge, the declaration asserts,
will proceed according to German law. “We
will only submit to a trial conducted in ac
cordance with these principles, but now that
we know what the enemy accuses us of we
expect our trial will be immediately carried
out for the preservation of the Germans hnd
their own honor,” the document continues.
“We declare that we are prepared to assume
full responsibility for all commands issued
to our subordinates.”
The Freeman’s Journal, Dublin, refers to
the new Irish bill as “a proposal for the plun
der and partition of Ireland,” and charac
terizes it‘as.“a thievish measure.”
“Ireland’s one sentence on this dishonest
scheme,” the paper adds, “will be ‘Away
with it.’ ”
Reserved comment is made on the Irish
Home Rule bill by the Belfast Unionist press.
The Northern Whig hails the bill’s recogni
tion of the distinction between Ulster and the
remainder of Ireland as a considerable step
forward, and says it is one likely to influence
any future legislative attempts in Ireland.
The Irish News condemns the measure as
not having a “single redeeming feature.”
According to a dispatch from Paris. The
examination of Joseph Caillaux on the charge
of having had treasonable dealings with the
Germans and conspiring to bring about a dis
honorable peace wa resumed a few days ago.
The questions dealt with the relations of Cail
laux with 8010 Pasha, shot at Vincennes in
April. 1918, after being convicted of treason,
and Pierre Lenoir, shot in October. 1919,
after being found guilty of having held in
telligence with the enemy.
Caillaux said he had met M. Duval, direc
ror of the newspaper Bonnet Rouge, who was
executed in July, 1918, only once. His rela
t’ons with Miguel Almereyda. editor of the
Co-net Rouge, vho was sentenced to five
impri: in connection with the
cf.co. ar. fl who cUc-l mysteriously in
pi"-'”, according to Cai’Uux. were slight.
Concom n- Bo o, Cailk ux told of frequent
meetings with him at luncheons and dinners
not into insignificance, into a condition per
ilously close to insignificance.”
The PORTLAND OREGONIAN (Ind. Rep.)
finds that although the committee “divid
ed on political lines,” nevertheless “there
is a bundle of humiliating and damaging
facts and the conclusion is unavoidable that
the whole aircraft venture was a sorry fail
ure.”
Democratic papers reach a contrary con
clusion. “In their unscrupulous partisanship
and perversion of facts the two Republican
members have sought to produce a campaign
I document which reflects severely on their
1 own sense of honor and decency,” declares
the NEW YORK WORLD (Dem.), and the
NEW YORK TIMES (Ind. Dem.) thinks it
“doubtful if the committee discovered any
thing of importance not to be found in the
report of Mr. Hughes, which was as just as
it was temperate, thorough and dignified.”
The SPRINGFIELD (Ohio) NEWS (Dem.)
says this:
“As a matter of fact government statis
tics show more than 11,000 airplanes were
turned out during the progress of the war,
of practically the same type as used by the
allies. . . . Under stress of conditions some
mismanagement may have entered in here
and there. Nothing is perfectly done when
great problems crave attention simulta
neously.’
The MANCHESTER MIRROR (Dem.) re
fers to the Frear committee as a “sub-‘smell
ing’ committee to find out why the world
war was won under a Democratic adminis
tration,” and at the same time the IDAHO
STATESMAN (Rep.) thinks “the public has
decided that the majority report Is partisan
and unfair in its sweeping condemnations
and that the minority report is partisan and
unfair because it can see no ground for cen
sure.”
On the other hand, the BOSTON POST
(Ind. Dem.) insists on our “absolute useless
ness in the air, that necessitaed squander
ing over a billion dollars in frantic efforts to
each up,” and declares hat “there must
never again be such aviation humiliation
as was ours at that time. That should
be a lesson for all time to come, and
congress should provide for the aeronautic
needs of the country with the full confidence
that the nation is able and ready to pay
the bill. Our place is to lead in aviation.”
America's Closed Pocketbook
“Pertinax,” the widely quoted writer in
the ECHO DE PARIS, comments bitterly on
the recent statement of Secretary Glass con
cerning the policy of credits to Europe. He
declares that “the authorities at Washing
ton, miffed over the nosuccess of their four
teen points, have echoed the threat pre
viously made by Ray Stannard Baker, head
of the American Press Bureau at Paris,
when he learned that Europe was likely to
repudiate the Wilson principles: ‘We will
withdraw our troops and our money, and
leave Europe to stew in her own juice.’ ”
The same tone is taken by Jacques Bainville
in the Royalist organ L’ACTION FRAN
CAISE: “America,” he says,, “shuts her
pocketbook and abandons Europe—friends
and enemies alike —to suffering and chaos.”
A League to Keep the Diplomats Quiet
The NEUE PESTER JOURNAL, Budapest,
sees as many causes for war in the condition
produced by the Peace Treaties as there
were in 1914. “Let the League of Nations
rather be a league to keep the diplomats
quiet,” it says; “the peoples themselves
have never wanted war.”
The same paper considers that the pro
posed American reservations “deprive the
League of all reality,” and it foresees al
liances just as in the old days. .
The FRANKFORT ZEITUNG, reviewing
the political program of the new French
premier, M. Mlllerand, says it does not differ
greatly from that of Clemenceau. It says
Millerand does not apparently attach much
importance to the League of Nations, but
trusts more to armaments and the old pol
icy of alliances.
A Balkanized Treaty
Writing in the semi-official NEUE FREIE
PRESS, Vienna, of the hesitation of the
United States to ratify the treaty, Dr. Georg
Gothein says “it is small wonder that the
Americana hesitate to interfere in such a
Balkanized Europe.”
in his own home and at the residence of
8010. He considered 8010 innocent of the
accusations against him and treated him af
fectionately, even while under suspicion early
in 1917. He severed relations with 8010 only
when telegrams from the United States were
received. ,
A bronze sacrificial wine vessel modeled
in the form of a standing ox sold in the auc
tion of the Bischoff collection at the Amer
ican Art association to Long Sang Ti, a cel
ebrated Chinese, for S3OO. The vessel, which
dates from the remote Hau period, was dec
orated with an inlaid silver ornament
throughout.
King George, Queen Mary and a number
of members of the royal family attended the
christening of the son of Commander Alex
ander and his wife, formerly Princess Pa
tricia of Connaught, at the Chapel Royal,
London, recently. The water used in chris
tening the infant was drawn from the River
Jordan by the Duke of Connaught when the
British crossed the river in the advance of
1917.
During a recent snowstorm the famous
tree named “El Butini,” in the Garden of
Gethsemane, was blown down. According
to tradition this tree would fall when tfte
Turkish Empire fell. Twice it was bound
round with iron braces to prevent it from
falling. The occurrence has impressed the
population.
Sir William Orpen, the distinguished ar
tist, of London, has refused an offer of 1,
000,000 pounds for painting 300 portraits,
which is said to have been made him by' an
American. “It is quite true the offer of
1,000,000 pounds to paint portraits came to
me from America,” Sir William said recent
ly in confirming the report, according to the
Daily Mirror. To complete such a contract,
how’ever, would take far more than the or
dinary lifetime. It might take as long as
300 years. Sir William will be in America
this fall on business.
The revolutionary forces in Honduras, ac
cording to an official dispatch from Tegu
cigalpa, the capital, and the war
supplies in the hands of the rebels, were
taken from these towns. The revolutionists
have not announced any program, nor have
they proclaimed any candidate for the presi
dency of the Republic, so the dispatch says.
Employment has been found for more
than 0,000,000 men and women by the
United States employment service since its
organization in January, 1918.