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V'd fata) and ruinous. But it shone a*
r : d tie stern scf war, a beacon light,
to concentrate and guide us onward in
th? j rtl. cf glory and honor.
»G flirt ot heroes, fav'rite of the skies,
’lu ». n.d urt.ad toil, thy country bade
* thee list!
’Twas thine to change the sweetest
scenes of life
For ptib-iic cares—to guide the embat
tl'd s'lrtfe—
Unnumner'd ibsofevery kind to dare —
The winters blast, the summer’s sul
liy air.
The lurking dagger—and the turbid!
storms, -
Os wasting war, with death in all his;
forms
Nor aught could daunt unspeakably!
serene, j
Thy conscious soul smil’d o’er the
dreadful scene.""
Ilis a hard task to decide whether
rhe mirtial and chivalrous deeds of this
illusfi ious man, as a warrior in the field
of battle, or his consummate ability in
the cabinet, as a statesman and politici
ze, deserve most of his country’s praise
and gratitude. Our political sove
reignty and independence,are the fruits
of his toil and labor in the camps of
war, and our civil prosperity and hap
piness, the fruits of his services and a-
Lility in the cabinet as a statesman and
politician. In each, he was George
Washington still, and there Was none
other to rival him. Wherever his
country’s need required his services,his
individu il interest was always absorb
ed in the predominant passion of his bo
aorn, love of country. In his adminis
xralion as the bead cfour government,
lie knew no favorite sectional interest,
nor party. The object el his regard
Ur section of it was extensive enough
to fill Lis enlarged patriotism. In the
selection of his cabinet; he sought men
fit to fill offices, and not as is rather fa
shionable in our days t>i improved poli
ce, offi es to suit men. But praise in
language is too puerile and sycophantic
to express bis worth, when the face of
ii powerful & extensive country, beam
ing with prosperity and happiness,
claims him as its author.
Under his command our united ar
mies, after eight years struggle, toil &
bloodshed, achieved the Independence
of America, and drove from its limits
the invading foe, which had so long
liarraA.-e.il. and
Yorktown the final victory was obtain
ed. which blasted with one fell swoop,
all the tyrant’s sanguine hopes of con
quest, and piaced its country on a stand
of elevation in the political world,
which mure than compensated for al!
the heart rending scenes of woe and
desolation, which wreckless and savage 1
cruelty heaped upon her,in the days of
h'er dismal gloom and fearful darkness.
Too world acknowledged her indepen
dence; and proud and haughty Eng
land was constrained to follow the ex
«mpie—to stoop so low, as to send em-
Lttssadors io meet oir equal terms our
own. and sutler herself bound to the
observance of treaties, which site dares
not now infringe.
Our Country having established its
Independence and peace, by the glo
rious termination of its Revolt!' ion,new
and almost insurmountable difficulties' .
ntrain present themselves. Tne whole
Cnmrtrv fa in a situ ition of fearful an
archy and Confusion. A government
is to be esiabhstred, which must secure
happiness at home, and command re-1
pnarf abroad, or all their toil through !
n Inn? revolution was in vain. Tne j
Colonie's had experienced tot? much op
pi-poflinn and pervertion of power, un-|
Jor a monarch v,which was at J
th”t time the most hmited in power,of!
rl| En-nnenn Governments; and they |
d-ne not chthe any ohe in tne robes ofj
-wilfr. 'Vith one voice they deman
a rrnvAr;. , m°nt, formed on a free
ren rnZe>it n tivn has’*,which should be
« n t, S o rv ;on( fn the Wi.Uand interests oi
thp noon! z '. Th° t’vrteep state’, which
info articles of confpderation,fo>'a Hen,
government,whrih. confertng but little
noHmr on the Notional government,
and almas tevery inch nf that disputed
in i’" oxreHse, proved too defective &
weak for the general prosperity of the
ennunfrv, ocn'’r.H|y in its commercial
& foreign That phn proving
abortive, ’n’nfliomnt to accomplish
the ftnds of* i's form-i'inn, Was abandon
e and the present svstem of govern
ment was proposed. & at length adopt
<• 1.-io I under it’s benign influence, un
paralleled in Ifsf'vy, bn- been our in
rreasing niosperily and strength ever
8 i!sadoption.
Andean wc now, f 11-»w citizens. re
gard with f.elings of unconcern, the
protection and hapoinpea which that
govorurwent has afforded us all our
live*, when, with an uncertain hone of
ficrpss, our ancestors through toil snd
d '■•-ro-. the blrom of theirs with
but a feint Lope to secure us the iuhe-
piumcut They pledged their lives,
J their fortunes and their sacred honor,
i to transmit to us, liberty, free and un
shackled by foreign restriction, or to
die on the ‘‘bed of honor,” in the glo
rious struggle. Patriots will hold the
boon inestimable. It is an inheritance
to which they will cling and defend,
with no less ardor than it was obtain
ed. Under its influence and protecti
on, We have ascended high the scale of
wealth and prospeiity at home, and
respect abroad; and not only at.this
time do we occupy 7 an elevated stand
iin the political world) but we bid fair
|at some future day, to transcend the
i proudest government on earth. Our
I strength and resources at home are in
i exhaustible, and our navy commands
i respect and esteem, wherever we ex
■ tend our commerce. England will
' soon find in her once oppressed and de-
I fenceless Colonies, a rival power on the
; ••briny deep,” where, hitherto she has
wielded almost undisputed sway and
dominion. She now looks with jea
lousy on the splendid and unexampled
career of national glory and renown,
which her “disobedient offspring”
seem destined to run; & beholds with
regret, the unbounded confidence and
respect, which they command from all.
the potentates of Europe. She justly I
considers herself the object of bitter
repro.ach.from all monarchical and des
potic governments, for being the cause
by her oppression, of constraining an
oppressed people to throw off the “gau
dy trappingsand ensigns of monarchy 7 )”
and erect in their stead a free and re
publican form of government, which
from its prosperity and happiness, dif
fuses a spirit of liberty throughout the
civilized world, that brooks restraint,
and threatens an end to all other forms
of government. Our civil and political
■msFromoir?, rransmi r eveh~beyotiTthe
Atlantic; a spirit of freedom which
guaid's every encroachment of power
on the liberty of the subject, and cre
ates the strongest barrier to despotic
and usurped power. To sustain their
crumbling fabrics,they must govern with
justice and execute in mercy; and they
exercise no act of usurpation, but at
he peri) of their own existence. Our
example and success have formed in
mankind ideas of freedom more perfect,
and nothing will restrain the exercise
of their natural right of selfgovern
neiit, but mild and conciliatory mea
sures of government. In the first dawn
of tyranny, they will hold forth to the
.O' r„Lr.. fhr. Cr <■» arl o rv-> jtnzl
happiness of the New World, and de
mand for themselves art extension of
equal liberty.and respect to their natu
ral right?." They see here in our insti
tutions a splendid exemplification of
the fact, that communities form a gov
ernment, not for their oppression, but
for their protection and convenience;
and invest it with those powers alone,
which are absolutely necessary to ac
complish the ends of its formation; re
serving to themselves all the natural
right, w hich is not inconsistent with the
very existence of a government. To
suppose the origin of governments dif
ferent from this, would be sa ire on (he
common itense of margin Whom, jealous
feelings of liberty, are by nature en
grafted. Kings and tyrants may here
learn that they should not by birth in
herit power, but on the other hand,
subjects should inherit liberty—that
governments were not erected fortheir
individual promotion' and aggrandize
ment, and they destined by nature to
wield a sceptic of absolute powsr over
life and liberty, but for the protection
and happiness of its creators. They
created and defined its powers, before
anyone acquired the right to rule them
under them, and Consequently the limi
tation and construction of its powers
reside in them, and not in the govern
ment or its ofificeis; and whenever it
L transcends the powers conferred; the
right of resistance is a natural right,
aria it must crumble.
A chasm in American history would
be left, which nothing else con'd occu
py, were we to pass by this occasion
without mentioning the name of An
drew Jackson. Whatever are, or
may have been his errors, for on earth
none are immaculate, may his lamp of
.existive extinguish in peace' &. quiet,al
a day yet distant,& may he finally meet
the reward oi his virtues in heaven.
Let us now, fellow-citizens, retire
from this occasion, with a deep and so
lemn conviction of the duties which de
volve upon us. AU this prosperous &,i
extensive country, this unrestrained &J
glorious liberty, these benign instituti
ons, are our inheritance. Ours to en
joy, preserve, and transmit to future
generations. Tne example of our an
cestors, encourage and urge us onward
in the path ol’d ity ; the claims of pos
terity,ns from the bosom of the future,
strengthen and increase the obligation.
With America it canrot be denied, but
j that a new and important era has com
! rnenced. Republican and popular re
: presentative forms of government, after
. having slumbered fur centuries,through
the dark and dismal ages of superstiti
on and tyranny, are again resuscitated
in America, and breath a spirit of im
proved and purer freedom. That spi
rit originating here, has gone forth to
the Nations of the earth, as an emana
tion from heaven; and it will not re-
its fruit. The eyes of
the wot Id are intensely gazing on us,
and it is for us to convince them, whe
ther such a government as olirs, consi
dered heretofore as only a frantic visi
on of theorists, too perfect and delicate
in its, sjstem for practical illustration,
can be carried out with success. May
all the most sanguine anticipations oi
its framers, be realized; the blood
of our ancestors, may it not have been
shed in vain; the great hope of poste
rity; let it not be blasted forever!
' From the Natchitoches May 23.
TEXAS.
At the request of a gentleman, a res
ident bf Texas, of high character and
; known abilities, and upon whosestate
i ments we place implicit reliance, we
; publish the following letter from Col.
Peter Ellis Bean, to Gov. Cass, Secre
tary ofWar of the United Slates, dated
’ Feb. 24, 1835, together with the intel
, licence which accompanies it.
| ° N. O. Bulletin.
Nacogdoches, Texas, 24th keb. 1835.
Gov. Lewis Cass, Secretary of War.
Sin:—As military commander of the
North Eastern frontier o’/ the United
Mexican States, it has beconie a ac
cessary and painful duty devolving up
on me to apprise jou of facts, which
are not in accordance with the Treaties
and the very amicable relations eXi.st-1
iug between the two sister republics ot;
the United States of America, and the
United Mexican States. Which facts
I trust you will fee! bound to present to
tlie President that he may be enabled 1
to interpose his authority with the a- ’
gents under his control; and redeem '
this government from an evil, which is I
not only an encroachment upon its ter
ritory, but must endanger its citizens <
in their property, as well as their lives, s
In the treaty concluded at the city 1
of Mexico, on the sth of April, 1831, <
provision was made in the XXXIlid ]
Article; that annoyances and intrusions <
of all kinds by the Indians within the 1
two republics should reciprocally be 1
prevented. By reference to the treaty '■
and article cited, you will percieve ;
that “both parties l-ind themselves to •
restrain by force all hostilities and in
r*il_rtij/tna -xxil-i-lxn* poet zaT fhn _J
tions; living within their respective ’
boundaries,” &c. ft cannot be dodbt- i
ed but the object of this article was to c
prevent, r.ot only the evils which might (
result to the inhabitants of the two (
countries, but also to prevent the incur- i
szo'ris or location of any of the tribes, or i
nations residing within the bounds of t
one of the contracting parts, upon lands I
claimed and owned by the other. I
Inctfrsions must necessarily precede (
location, and if the letter of the Trea- i
ty were complied with, and preserved t
from intraction, the grounds of this 1
communication would be obviated. (
Within a short time past, several i
hundred Choctaw Indians have passed 1
from Natchitoches in the Unite 1 States t
and located themselves in the midit of 1
(he Settlements within this municipal!- j
ty,and not more than twenty-five miles 1
distant (rom this place, and bring with I
(hem the assurance that many more, of t
their tribe considered a similar location, i
I have satisfactory assurance that not ;
less than seven hundred have located I
themselves in Texas within the present i
month. Nor is this the only just ground I
of serious and unpleasant apprehensions ;
to be anticipated by the citizens of the
United States of Mexico. A short
time since several chiefs of Cosharta
Indians, accompanied by two white ;
men from East Florida, passed thro’
this place from an incursion as far ;
south as the Brasgos, and declared the i
intention of the chiefs to remove to ‘his ;
province within the present spring ;
to bring several tribes of Indians vrith I
them from the Creek nation located in ;
Florida, within the United States of i
America.
The mutual faith of the two repub- 1
lies being pledged upon the subjects ot <
this address cei tainly renders it a mat- I
ter of much delicacy, and I should be :
wanting in respect for my own govern- <
ment, if 1 could even suspect that the
President or his immediate functiona
ries of the United States, could have
either permilted or connived at the j
tresspass which has taken place upon
(he territoryof the republic of Mexico.
It is nevertheless true, that these In-
by a military post of the
United States (Fort Jessup) on their
way to the Sabine, where they enter
ed Texas. The route pursued by the
Choctaws from Natchitoches was most
manifestly different from that which
they must have pursued in reaching
the country assigned to them on the
east side of’ the Red river, and within
the territoryof your government. By
this early and sincere application to
• the United Slates government, it is
I requested that such measure may be
- adopted by that government, in its
- characteristic good faith, as will ;ot
> only’prevent all future “incursions,” but
- also to order that those already within
this province should be presently re
moved to the lands assigned to them
, by the United States. I flatter myself
• with the present existing treaties,and
the otherwise friendly relations sub
sisting between the two government,
and their, citizens; that the President
of the United States will feel bounds
from his elevated political, as well as
moral character, to arrest and prevent
the intentions of the tribe or tribes of
the Creek Indians, from any and all
contemplated “incursions” into the
territories of Mexico, and particularly
of this province. The consequences
to its w'hite inhabitants may piove of a
character not only disastrous to them,
but such as would claim the considera
tion of every humane and honorable
breast. , .
You will at once perceive, from the
nature of my situation, that my im
mediate duty will be to apprise my
government of the facts, that it may be
enabled to understand the exigencies
of my command. —God preserve you
many years, I have the honor io be
your most obedient serv’t,
P. E. BEAN.
Colonel of Cavalry of the Mexican Re
“ Some time within the course of last
winter, some five or six chiefs from the
old Creek Nation in Georgia, headed
Iby Apothl'eydhola, and under the con
duct of a white man by the name of
Dubois, visited Nacogdoches,'the chief
town of th# Eastern Department of
Texas. After spending a few days,
they were joined by’Benjamin Haw
kins, a quadroon Greek, who had re
cently emigrated from the Creek na
tion, on the Arkansas" river, to Texas.
“From Nacogdoches Jhcy commenc
ed a trip of exploration, Jowafds the
sources of the Sabine and Trinity risers
where it seems they were much pleas
ed with the country, and concluded to |
possess it, if possible. The lands which
they selected, were once included in a ;
grant made to General Felasola, by Iht j
Mexican Government on certain con- {
dition'’. none of which have been com j
plied w : th on his part, and of course t
it is now void. j
, “The Grant was to commence fifteen i
l.orgiioix,- or» «niX»s -
Nacogdoches, and would run north and
west for complement. On the return
of the Chiefs to Nacogdoches, they <
through HavHins, communicated to <
Col. Bean a wish to settle in Texas, s
when they were promptly assured that j
it could iot be done, as it was contrary j
to the relations and treaties existing ,
between the two Republics. Notsatis- f
fled with the assurances of Col. Bean (
to the contrary of their wishes, they by f
means of Hawkins opened a negbeia- $
ticn with a certain captain Archibald ,
Hotchkiss; Agent of the New York j
Company, who are engaged in colonis- t
ing the grants made to Bai nett; Veih- <
len and Zavala; under the name and s
title of the “Galveston Bay and Texas <
land Company.” It appears that Capt. <
Hotchkiss and Hawkins agreed to meet (
the chiefs (who in the mean time were |
to return home,) at New Orleans, in |
the month of April now passed, and ]
there to receive from them i
and from thence they were to proceed j
to Mexico and purchase from General <
Felasola, his title to the grant, and <
transfer the same to the Indians, who j
are to remove there this ensuing fall. (
And in the event of obtaining Felasola’s |
right to the grant,the Chiefs are to pay .
to Hotchkiss & Hawkins,the addition- <
al sum of SBO,OOO, out of the funds of <
the Creek Nation. The parties met, j
at New Orleans, agreeably to appoint- <
ment, when the first instalment was i
paid by the Chiefs. Hotchkiss then i
changed his route to New York (as is ;
believed) for the purpose of seeing the i
agent of Gen. Felasola, and purchasing i
the grant, that be may complete the i
imposition upon the Indians.—Haw- <
kins has been guilty, vVe understand, f
of many frauds upon his tribe before I
he separated from them in Arkansas, i
and left them without leave.—A few I
days previous to his setting out for <
New Orleans, he Was in Nacogdoches, |
passed counterfeit notes on the United s
States Bank, to the amount of S4OO, i
was arrested by the authorities of the ,
town. 'There being no law in Texas
defining the punishment of the crime
he agreed to identify the person to
whom he had passed the notes, and
paid a fine to the Court, rather than
confess Irom whom he received the
notes.
“It it thought that Hawkins has ac
companied Hotchkiss to New York,
and will be used by him as a catspaw
in this nefarious transaction. General
Felasola has no right to the grant, the
Indians can acquire none; Hotchkiss
and ILtkins will doubtless recciva
s from them SIOO,OOO, and ' !rnsn *
j get nothing in return from it
5 “Should the Indians aitent
t possession of the country desck Satea,
tfPrseident of the United Stantex.
11 think would be compelled to r? —-
■ i them in an excursion into the tei, va<»
i of Mexico, and if he should not, w’ch
I assured that the people of Texas if
consider it an act cf invasion by the i
dians, and put to instant death theh
> leaders. As to the.fate of Hotcbkisi
and Hawkins, time will develope. It
i has been suggested, that it is looked
; upon by the people and authorities of
Texas as an act oi treason, and
they return, it is possible.theyjnay be
sent on to the seat of goefnment for
trial; but it is most probable that they
will be tried in Texas by an extra-ju
dicial tribunal,and receive in sentence.
The are certainly guilty of an attempt
to violate a treaty, which is the “su
preme law of the land,” and conse
quently iis violation must be treason.—
How far the honest gentlemen refer
red to may be enabled to impose on
the merchants of New York, defies con
jecture. Their return to Texas will
be awaited with some anxiety, where
an adjustment of all the matters will
promptly take place, and measures be
adopted to exclude from its borders at
least 24,000 Creek Indians.
“What has the Secretary of War
done in relation to Col. Bean’s letter?
It is strange it never has been publish
ed. And now what w ill the President
of the United States order tj be done?
We hope that he will order justice to>.
be done, in relation to the people of
Texas, for they are bone of our bone
and flesh of our flesh; and that he will
preserve the national faith, by insuring
the execution of all treaty stipulations
with Mexico, cahnot be doubted.
“It is said that the chiefs of the Old
Nation are 30 confident of the success
ful issue of the project, that they have
sent runners to their Creek friends on
the Arkansas to join them during the
epproaching autumn, in the country
designated; doubtless expecting to
maintain themselves by force. It is
I the only tight they can acquire, an,d so
I soon as they can be expelled, they
,-xiay be assurred it will be done by the
people of Texas,’fiotwithstanding the
assurances which they may receive
from HotchEiss and Hawkinr, who are
engaged in the infamous project of
swindling the Indians, and annoying
for a while the people of Texas.”
GRATITUDE OF A CAT.
The cat certainly cannot boast hnucEi
of its reputation for gratitude; but a
correspondent Says, “I have met with
some instances Which prove that there
is a diversity of character and feelings
in cats as well as men. I was on a
visit to a friend last summer, who had
a favorite cat and dog, that lived toge
ther on the best possible terms, eating
from the same plate and sleeping on
same rug. Puss had a young family
while I was at the park, and Fincher
paid a daily visit to the kittens, whose
nursery was at the top of the house.
One morning there was a tremendous
stoim of thunder and lightning; Pin
cher was in the drawing-room,and the
cat was attending her family in the gar
ret. Pincher seemed to be considera
bly annoyed by the vivid flashes of
lightning which continually startled
him; and just as he had crept closer
to my feet, some one entered the draw
ing-room followed by puss, who walk
ed in with a disturbed air and mewing
withall her might. She came up to
Pincher- rubbed her face against his
cheek—touched him gently with her
paw then walked to the door— stoppod
—looked back—mewed—all of which
said as plainly as words could have
done, ‘Come with me, Pincher;’ but
Pincher was too much frightened him
self to give any consolation to her, and
took no notice of the invitation. The
cat then returned and renewed her
application with increased energy; but
the dog was immoveable, though it
was evident that he understood her
meaning, for he turned away his head
with a half-conscious look, and crept
still closer tome; and puss, finding all
her entreaties unavailing, then left the
room. Soon after this her mewing
became so piteous, that I could no long
er resist going to see what was the mat
ter. 1 met the cat at the top of the
stairs, close to the open door of my
sleeping apartment. She ran to mt,
rubbed herself against me, and then
went into the roorn and crept under the
wardrobe. 1 then heard two voices,
arid discovered that she had brought
down one of her kittens and lodged it
there for safety; but her fears and
cares being so divided between the
kittens above and this little one below
I suppose she wanted Pincher to watch
by this one while she went for the
others, for having confided Qiem to my
protection she hastened up stairs. I
followed her with my young charge,
further from the window through
which the lightning had flashed so
