About The sunny South. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1875-1907 | View Entire Issue (March 5, 1887)
THE SUNNY SOUTH, ATLANTA, GA, SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 5, 1897 5 THE@/NTF{Y Philosopher it is the Name old story—every town has something to boast of, something that no other town has got However unattractive the place may be you will soon hear of something. Of course they are all the very healthiest places in the world, and the climate is just superb. I like this. In fact I have always admired the contented old farmer who said that his oats were “low, but—thin.” They told me at New-on that no pestilence had ever been there, that cholera and yellow ft ver had been all around but could find no place at Newton whereon to rest the sole of its pesti lential foot. They have an idea that on the next visitation of the horrible plague thou sands of people will fly in hot haste to Ntwion and then a boom will come. Braudon is one of the oldest towns in the State. In fact it is hoary with age. It should be preserved and reverenced as a relic. The first railroad was built from Brandon and I think the first bank was established there. Forty years ago I stopped at Brandon and spent the night in a long bodied, old-'ashioned hotel that had a long-bodied L and all sorts of stairs and passages and winding ways and at- t c windows. I rode a long eared muh across the State from Mobile to Vicksburg and stop ped over night at Brandon. The same old hotel is here—one of those big old-fashioned barns that used to prevail in almost every town, and had a swinging sign-board, that creaked and swayed with the wind and said, “Kntertainment for Man and Beast” They nsi^d to have a plantation bell swung up on a frame close by, and a rope attached to ring the guests to fried chicken and ham and eggs ai d beat biseni , and bacon and greens and sau sage and lye hominy and cracklin’ bread. The judge and the bar rode the circuit then—not in railroads nor one ai a time, but all together in buggies and gigs and sulkies. It was quite a cavalcade, and attracted wonder and awe and attention like a traveling circus. The judge’s room was always the biggest and best, and every night the lawyers would gather there aid talk and tell anecdotes and exchange their genial wit and humor and it was a rare treat to a young man to be admitted to a coroner and listen to them. It was a feast to me I know, and I still treasure the memory of those delightful evenings at Gainesville and Jeffer son and Monroe and Watkinsvilleand Clarkes- ville, when Howell Cobb and Tom Cobb and llillyer and Dougherty and Overby and Hutch ins and l’eeples and Jackson and Hull were the luminaries of the Western circuit. Whit a galaxy was there—ali notable men in their day and all honorable. There was no trickery in their practice for they scorned it, and they loved to meet each other on these semi-annual ridings and each one was expected to come laden with a new bitch of anecdotes where with to cheer the night. This venerable moss- covered house at Brandon carried me back to those times and I ft it like painting a head board and nailing it on somewhere with the inscription, “Sacred to the Memory of—” A friend said that it was a pity the old hou -e woul.i not catch on fire and burn up. But, no; 1 wouldn't have it so. Let it stand, if it will stand. I felt like taking off my hat to it and grof s largely outnumber the whites in this re gion, bu, perfect harmony prevails between the races. These negroes are out of politics, and are c mtent to be out. Woe be unto the white man who should tamper with them, for the “Yazoo plan” is as lixed a policy with these people as the laws of the Medes and 1’er- sians. The negroes have the finest church ed ifice in the city, and they have more schools than the whites, and receive the larger share of the schcol fund. These people look upon the negroes as their wards, and the man who imposes upon them is put under the ban. They sing a litthe song that begins: ••Theie’s p’enty of freedom and plenty of work For black and yaller and Tan. Bui the unites must rale In Y. z)0 land. For tbis Is the Yazoo plan.” From Yazoo city I went to Wesson, a small town that is noted for the “ Vfississippi Mills,” the most ext»Dsive manufacturing of cotton and woolen fabrics that is in the south. A million and a quarter are invested here, and the stock is nearly all owned by the Richard son family and Captain Oliver. The captain ! took me through a mile and a half of its wind ! ing ways, and but for him I would have been ! lost and never found my way out again. The i demand for bis goods is so great that he can not promptly fill his orders. The reputation of their goods is known to all dealers in the south, for they make nothing shoddy. . Eight hundred children and youths are on their pay roll, and their wages are from thirty cents a day to one dollar and a half. Captain Oliver is not exactly a Georgian, but was raised just over the line at Eufaula- His people, as he calls them, all love him, and the children in the factory smile a welcome 68 he comes. He is a big hearted, -tig framed man, and feels his great responsibility for the health and morals of every family in the community. He is wealthy enough to live in a large city and en joy its privileges, but says he is happy here, and has no higher ambition than to operate these mills and move like a patriarch among these humble people. At morning prayers be gathers his household and. his guests around him, and reads from the Fsalms of David, and comments as he reads. “Blessed is eveiy one that 'eareth the Lord and walketh in His ways, for thou sbalt eat the labor of thine ban is and happy shalt thou be.” “Now, that’s so, exactly so—ain’t it Major? It is just as true as Gospel. Happy shall thou be—yes, that is sa.” Then he read on, “Thy wife shall be as a fruitful vine, and thy children like live plants around thy able.” “That’s so too, ain’t it, Major? Don’t you know that it is so?” he said. Well, of course I do. Fortunate wesson, in having such a man and such a friend. Our Portrait Gallery. PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES OP DISTINGUISHED MEN AND WOMEN. Winnie Davis. Now that it is authoritatively announced that the manuscript of Miss Winnie Davis’ first literary eff. rt is in the hands of the North American Review, it will not be amiss to serve the reading public with some details of the young lady herself. Miss Varina Davis is the third and only surviving child, save one, an other d»ughte',of the Confederate ex-Presi dent. Mrs. Davis bore the famous Kentuck ian four children, two of whom were boys, and both are dead. Willie, the youngest child, perished of diphtheria, and "Jeff Jr.,” a dem ocratic lad ju»t developing into an admirable man and citizen, fell a vies im to the yellow fever and a sacrifice to his own heroic resolve fo nurse the needy and sick during the fright ful epidemic in Memphis in the year 1877 During Jeff Davis’ residence in Memphis he was engaged in business as the president of the Carolina Life Insurance Company, a South- Mr. Cullom was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Philade phia in the year 1872. being Chairman of the Illinois dele gation, and placed General Grant in n>'iuina- tion. In 1884 he was a delegate to the Na tional Repub i -an Convention as Chairman of the Illinois delegation. A ter holding and serving on numerous positions o' ability and trust, Mr. Culiom was elected : s Governor if Illinois in 1870—succeecing himself at the next election, which occurred in 1880, and serving consecutively in this position from January 8th, 1877, unil Februtry 5th, 1883, when he resigned—having received the election to the United States Senate, as a Ret ublican, to succeet- David Davis, Independent Demo crat. Mr. Cnllom took his seat on December 4th, 1883, and his term of service will expire on March 3d, 1889. saying: Good friend, let’s spare that bora, Tr cch not Its mossy roof— Its waits beard many a yarn In Its Distorts youth. Under the weight of years Its bae* had crooned grown; Look at. the creaking doors. Hen how the stairs are worn. O't In each ball and room, Lye soap and sand were thrown. And many a home-made broom Aud many a shuck have gone. Full many a obiok was killed, And dh d witbout a rear, Ann m»i y a guest was fi led With oointort and good cheer. No, no; let’* 1 eep the Inn, Through It baa lost the sign— K -p it for wbat It’s beer— K^epltfor auld laog syne. A good old matron is keeping it now, and her table abouncs in generous old-fashioned fare. Brandon has been the nursery for many a notable men. Governor Lowry lives here when he is not Governor, and Judge Mayers, a cultured and genial gentleman of the olden time. The McLaurins are here, men notable in their profession. Here, too, once lived the great planter and banker, Richardson, who died so rich not long ago, and here lived our fellow-citizea, Colonel Livingston Mims, of Atlanta, and here he got his wife, and these are types enough to show what Brandon has done and is doing. Governor Lowry was a poor boy and used to ride the mail. I was glad to hear this, for I used to ride the mail raj self, and maybe I will yet be governor— who knows? My father was postmaster and when I was fourteen he mounted me on a long, high-back horse that rocked like a camel, and made me ride the mail twice a week from I.awrence ville to Hob well and back the same day, which was lifty miles, aud it made me as tough and as impudent as a cow boy. Be sides being the mail boy I was a kind of com mon carrier for the ol i women on the route, aud used to carry socks and homemade cloth and other things to town for them and bring back indigo and madder coperas aud narrow ed homespun and cinnamon draps and needles and pins and so forth. The first trip I made an old lady ha led me from her door aud asked me if I was a mail boy. I said, “Yas mam— you didetit suppose I was a female boy, did you?” It made her very mad, and when I sell my mother about my smart wit, she look- td sad and said it was not good manners, and persuaded me to stop at the old lady’s house and apologize. This made her my friend, and during the cold winter she would make me stop at her houss and warm, and she knit me a pair of socks to wear over my shoes, and give me ginger cakes and apples, and I carried many a bundle for her. But talk about your towns, I found a little city hid away out on the Yazoo river that sur prised me very much. It is right hard to find and you como upon it very unexpectedly when yon do find it—fur although it is not an island exactly, it might as well be—for it has no nabors and is a kind of imporium in imperio. Y’azoo City is certainly the most independent little city I know of They found enough dry land over there to build a town on, and plenty of high bluffs to retreat to in case of a gen eral flood. The town rises gently and grace fully to these highlands. The busin-ss blocks are compact ai d the stores are all in good architectural taste and well kept. The streets are all graveled and never get muddy. The churches are near together and the homes of the people look attractive and inviting. “Come in—come right in,” they seemed to say, and I would not have hesitated' to have visited any house and introduced myself, for I know that a well-behaved stranger would find a wel- some. The people all seem to be one fan ily and they stop at the gates and talk as they pass each other’s homes. Even the great Illi nois Central railroad seems to be proud of the town and has built there the finest freight and passenger depots r hat are in the state. Half dozen steamboats ply this river regularly and as many more trading boats come out aud go at intervals. Forty thousand bales of cotton are marketed and compressed here. The ne- Training a Shepherd Dog. A correspondent writes to the National Mon itor of Poultry and Pets: Train him from the time he is one month old; train him to know what you wish him to do, by kindness; show him what you want done, and then kindly but firmly keep him at his task until he his learned it. Fondle and pet him for duty well performed, and the next time he will do it with greater alacrity and pleasure Talk to him as you would to a child, and you will be sur prised to note how well he understands you. A few lessons will serve to teach him from your manner the, difference between right and left; “go” and “come;” and “walk;” “quick” and “siow.” If your pup is intelligent, it will take only a short time to teach him the above les'ons. I have seen pups six weeks old keep stoci from coming through an open gate. The Shepard pup is much like a child; he is a great imitator. I know a pup six months old that can tell as wed as his master if his four teen cows are in the lot at milking time. The owner of this pup told me that one evening when he suppo-ed the cows were all in, the pin cauzht the gate which he was closing and pulled it open and then started on a run and brought in auother cow that had not been missed. Didn't that pup know 'hirteen from fourteen? Don’t abuse your dog. Give the most intelligent pup on earth to a coarse, bru tal master, and I guarantee he will turn out a worthless cur. Kindness to animals is as much a dut} as kindness to our fellow-men, It is as natural for a well-bred, intelligent Scotch Shepherd dog to work as to eat; and the only rules for his training are to be kind, patient and faithful in jour instruction. James B. Eads. The Eads’ Tehuantepec bill is continuing to develop a storm in th- Senate which will not be assuaged until the bill is passed. Its most vigorous advocates are supporti g it with ar gument after argument. The bill is to incor porate the Atlantic and Pacific Ship Railway Company, and in its preamble says the gov ernor of Mexico has granted James B. Eads, of St. Louis, certain powers’, rights aud privi leges in the matter of the construction and op- WINNIE DAVIS. Sumter County Fair, Leesburg, Florida. Sumter county, Leesburg and adjacent towns, especially, can well pride themselves on the success of their fair, particular y when gotten up in three weeks. The large hall was handsomtly and tastefully festooned with vnes aud evergreens, and decorated with bright fragrant flowers. The display in the several departments was all that could be de sired, and showed really what a variety of frui.s and vegetables Florida can produce, and “not half try either.” The citrus fruits were found in perfection. All the finest varie ties of the orange were well represented. Mandarins, tarn urind lemons, mammoth shaddocks, (large as pumpkins), grape-fruits nearly the size of footballs, Japan persim mons, aud many other choice frui.s so tempt ing to the palate were noticable. The garden department excelled anything ever exhibited beiore, even in sunny Florida. There were turnips larger than a peck measure, cabbages of euormous bulk, beets of huge dimensions, magnificent sweet potatoes, onions, asparagus, spinach, lettuce, parsley—in fact all the gar den “sass” and truck, showing how profitable and successful is the truck business of this section. There was also a very toothsome and tempting array of canned fruits, jellies, mar m tlados, etc., all from Florida fruits. Orange wine, vinegar, etc., wtre also exhibited in abundance. Curiosities of various kinds, strange f inns of vegetable lire, and some good specimens of the taxidermists’ skill occupied auother long table. The Language of Precious Stones. The quality of turquoise imparts a prosperi ty in love. Chrysolite was used as an amulet against evil passions and despondency. The opa: imparts apprehension aud insight, and is the emblem of unrealized hope. Conjugal felicity was symbolized by the sar- don> x, which it was believed to insure. The topaz was thought to promote fidelity and friendship, and calm internal passions. The diamond has the mystic symbolism of light and purity, faith aud uprightness of char acter. The properties of the amethyst is to calm the passions of the body aud prevent drunken ness. The bloodstone was thought by the ancients to impart courage, prudence, fortitude and ttability of cqaracter. The moonstone was the emblem of the mer chant prince, and signified well directed indus try and the arts of peace. Garnet or carbuncle, represents constancy of purpose and fidelity to duty. It is pre-emi nently the soldier’s gem. The ruby wa though.to guard against un friendliness, and particularly that form so common in antiqui y—poisoning. The sapphire signifies modesty and charity of opinion, and was thought to possess the power of breaking the spells of magic. The agate, or chalcedony, represents physi cal prosperity, and it is the stone of the ath lete and physician, and imparts longevity and health. The emerald symbolizes truth, and was be lieved to si-cure good faith and happiness in friendship and home. It was also the appro priate emblem for a judge or a lawyer. em organization, appealing alone to the ftouiu erners for patronage. During the life of ihe company, society in Memphis was intensely Southern and exclurive, and decidedly gay, and of course, the Davises led the most fash iouable set. The - city was the home, at this time, of tuite a number of prominent ex-Con- federates, well known in political circles. It was the place of residence of Isbam G. Harris, Gens. William M. Browne, N. B. Forrest, Gid eon Pillow, the fami.y ol Admiral Semmes, of the Alabama, and other distinguished South erners. Many very elegant social courtesies were extended the Davises, which they re turned in the most sumptuous manner in their plain but quite commodious residence. Mrs. Davis relied upon her eldest daughter, Mag gie for assistance in dispensing the hospitali ties of the house, and upon special occasions the aid of Miss Winnie, “Jeff Jr.,” and the nieces of Admiral Semmes. Owing to an ill feeling that had its origin some time during the Mexican war, wherein both men wore their spurs as soldiers, Gen. Pillow never spoke or bowed to Mr. Davis when passing him in the street or boulevards. Pillow's daughter and son were familiar figures in so ciety, and frequently in the company of the young Davises, from whom they received the most polite but chilliest of treatment, and par ticularly from Miss Winnie. This young ir reconcilable upon one occasion positively re fused to dance in the same set with the Pil lows, so heartily did she enter into the unfor giving spirit of her father and his bitter feeling LOUIS K. CHURCH. SHELBY M. CULLOM. Signs of the Tongue. Tbe tongue is the indicator of the system. A white coated tongue indicates febrile distur bance; a brown, moist tongue ind cates disor dered digestion; a brown, dry tongue indicates depressed vitality, as in typhoid conditions and blood poisoning; a red, moist tongue indicates debility, as from exhausting discharges; a red, dry tongue indicates pyrexia, or any inflam matory fever; a “strawberry” tongue, with prominent papilla;, indicates scarlet fever or rothelm; a red, glazed tongue indicates debil ity, with want of assimilative power of diges tion; a tremulous, flabby tongue indicates de lirium tremens; hesitancy in protruding the tongue indicates concussion of the brain; pro trusion at one side indicates paralysis of the muscles on that side.—Health aiid Home. Whipping Posts and Pillory in Dela ware. Ten prisoners convicted at the present ses sion of Criminal Court for larceny were pub licly whipped in the jail yard at Newcastle. Several of them were white. Four of them received ten lashes; three of them five lashes eact; one, a horse thief, was given twenty lashes and an hour in the pillory, and two of them were stood an hour each in the pillory. The usual throng witnessed the whippings. toward an old comrade in arms. Mina Win nie, after the dead Willie, has ever been her father’s favorite child, because, perhaps, she most resembles him in disposition and intel lectual qualities. She is a fair patrician and the daughter of a natural aristocrat, and, like her father, will at heart never have anything in common with the mass* s. She has grown to be a beautiful woman, rich in physical and mental charms. She is of medium height, her figure slight and graceful, but well formed. Her face is oval and complexion olive, while her dark eyes are a source of the warmest ad miration Her bands and feet are small, the latter strikingly noticeable by reason of their highly arched insteps. Miss Davis dresses richly but very quietly, and apparently has no desire to attract attt ntion Her language is as expressive as her eyes, and while she has some wit, she is thought by some, to have not the slightest conception of humor; she is a skilled fencer and repartee, clings tenaciously to old things, and expresses the utmost re spect in her words and acts for the conven tionalities and social forms of her native sec tion. Miss Davis has spent much of her life in travel. Shelby M. Cullom. The Inter-state Commerce bill, which is oc cupying so much of the Senate’s time, is also keeping fome dozens of petitioners busy for the position of Commissioner. It is regarded as more than probable that the President will be somewhat influenced by the judgment of eration of a ship railway across the Isthmus of Tehuantept c, with an accessary railway, tele graph lines and water approaches, and has au thorized Captain Eads to obtain a charter for a co upany either in Mexico or elsewhere. Captain Jam-s Buchanan Eads, American engineer designer Of the pnposid ship railway over the Isthmus of Panama and prominent as the engineer in charge of the improved ents of the Mississippi waterways, has been awarded, in the month of August of 1884, the Albert medal by the Society of Arts, in England, in recognition of the valuable aid which his ser vices have rendered to the commerce of the world. ames B. Eads, LL. D., was born at Law ren leburg, Indiana, May 20, 1820, removing with his parents in 1829 to Louisville, Kt-n- tutky, and from there after the death of his father, to St. Louis in 1833, where he has since remained. In 1839 be served as clerk on a river steamboat p ying her way on the Missis sippi, and in 1812 was active in forming a com pany to recover sunken property aud raise wrecked steamers on the Mississippi and its tributaries. At the outbreak of the civil war in 1801 he submitted to the G ivernment a dan for th« defense of the Western waters. He designed and constructed in 1802 and 1863 the first light iron-clad steamers in the United States Navy. He afterward designed and built six iron-clad gunboats with rotating tur rets. He was the projector and constructing engineer of the Illinois and St. Louis br dge, and has deepened, by means of jetties, the ecutive offl er of that board for one year, writ • ing its report, which has become a sort of Civil Service manual, -,nd supplementing the original depanment rues. The rules were made the basis of those now in force in the New Y ork Custom House. In October 1873 Mr. Graves was detailed as chief examiner of the Civil Service. In July 1874 he was ap pointed Superintendent of the Nation »1 Bmk Redemption Agency, on its organization, and held that effi -e until appointed Assistant Treasurer on March 31st, 1803 The Redemp tion Agency, in ail its details, both small and great was organized by h m. In 1877, h* was male a member of the commission appointed to reorganize the Bureau of Engravin; and Printing. By this reorganization the expenses of the Bureau were decreased to the extent of several hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Graves is now one of the three members of the Com mission appointed by Secretary Manning for investigating tbs operations of the Treasury Department and recommending changes in its oiganization. His appointment as Chief cf the Bureau of Engraving and Priming was a promotion from his form-r position, his salary also being 44)00 per year more than that re ceived by him as Assistant Treasurer. Mr. Graves cast his presiden al vote for Cleveland and jg said always to have been a Democrat in politico. The Bureau of Engraving of which he is chief has about 1,200 employees, tut twelve of whom come under the provis ions af the Civil Service law. These are ap pointed by the Chief of the Bureau. HEARTH-STONE STUDIES. By Mrs. Nora L. Hussey. R. G. Head. If there is a man in this country who un derstands the range cattle business from a to ezra, that man is H. G. Head, the President of the International Range Association, which is engaged in fighting or preparing to fight the dressed cattle syndicate ol Chicago, Kansas City and several other places. No one can look upon Mr. Head witl out being struck with the convic ion of his competence. Born in the State of Missouri, he went to Texas while yet a boy and there earned bis first money in gathering the bones and horns of defunct cat tit on the plains. His paraphernalia consist ed solely of a gunny sack, to whicb he after wards added a horse and cart. Bat as man hood approached, be perceived with ready in sight that this would never do, and according ly he went to work on the range as a cow-boy at a salary of fifteen dollars per month. In various ways he inanag d by frugality to ac cumulate in course of time the amount of £700, which he invested in the c ttle business, but through the incompetency or rascality of those he trusted all was lest and he found bimseif at tbe beginning of a severe winter, wi hout a dohar with a wife and child dependent upon him for support. Many men would never have recovered from such a blow, but it only had the efft ct of arousing Head to greater en ergy. He again went to work and accumu lated a little money and then went to work on the trail driving cattle nor hward. He made money rapidly thus, and, attracting at tention by his signal abil ty, was given charge of the Prairie Land and Cattle Company at a salary of 820,000 per annum. For three years he continued in control, when the company desirins to curtail expenses, offered him a sal ary of 815,000 which he retused, thinking he could do bet er on his own responsibility, which he has proved himself competent to do. The company had cause to regret its action for it fail, d shortly afterward, while Head went in o the cattle business with a will, ac cumulating a large fortuue. Upon the organ ization of the International Range Association he was mace i s president and has proved him self an oftici r of great ability. The object of the Association is to ena’ le the producer of cattle to receive a fair price for the same aud to deal, if possible, direct with the retailer. It also advocates the adoption of rules for the suppression of contagious diseases among do mestic animals and to advance the interests, generally, of the range cattle men. EDWARD O. GRAVES. JAMES B. EADS. the Hon. S. M. Cullom, one of the original fa thers of tbe bill. Shelby M Cullom, of Springfield, was born in Wayne county, Kentucky, November 22d, 1829. His father removed with his family to Tazewell county, 111 nois, in the sue feeding year, where his son Shelby was given an aca demic and university education. After com- pletine his education he went to Springfield in the autumn of 1853 to study law, and has since resided there. Immediately upon receiving license to practice he was elected to the posi tion of City Attorney—still continuing, how ever, in the business and practice of law nntil he took his seat in the House of Representa tives in Ihe year 1805. Mr. Cullom became a Presidential elector in 1850 on the Fillmore ticket, and was elected a member of the House of Representatives of the Illinois Legislature in 1856, 1860, 1872 and 1874—being elected Speaker in 1801 and 1873. He was also elected as a Representative from Illinois in tbe thirty- ninth, fortieth and forty-first Congresses— serving from December 4th, 1866, until March lid, 1871. Sonth Pass of the Mississippi from eigl t feet to thirty feet, and his main and sole idea now is to complet > his scheme of the ship railway across the Isthmus of Panama at Tehuan tepec. Louis K. Church. The appointment for Governor of Dakota has reoently been given to Judge Louis Kos suth Church, a young politician who has just completed his fortieth year, by President Cleveland. Louis Kossuth Chirch was bom in Brooklyn, December lltb, 1840. His an cestors, Captain Samuel Church and Colonel Timothy Church, served in the Revolutionary army, aodthe latter rendered valuable service to the State of New l'ork during its trouble with the State of Vermont. His father was Rodney S. Church, a late resident of Brooklyn, who achieved some distinction as a lawyer. Judge Church was educated at the Hudson River Institute, at Claverack, New York, and afterwards adopted ihe profession of the law, practising in his native State. In politics he has always been a democrat, and as such was elected to the Assembly at Albany in 1882, from the First Distr ct of Queen’s county, by a majority of 1189 over Mr. S. B. Caldwell. His district comprised the towns of Flashing, North Hempst-ad, and < lyster Bay. Prior to this time Mr. Church had traveled extensively in the West, and was famili ir with many of its interests. About a year ago he went to reside permanently in Dakota, entering the political field there and receiving the appoint- R. G. HEAD. ment of Justice of the Supreme Court of the Territory. His new appoi itment is one which is likely to he full of interest and importance, not oily on account of the extraordinary growth of Dakota, but of its knocking for ad mission at the doors of the Union, for tbe name and title of “State.” Edward O. Graves. Among aspirants prominently mentioned to succeed Mr. Jordan as United Stares Treasurer is Mr. Edward O. Graves. Edward O. Graves was born* in Herkimer county in the State of New York in 1843. receiving his finishing edu cation at Hobart College, Geneva, New York. In July, 1803, as soon as he had left college, he was appointed to a 81,200 clerkship in the Treasury Department by Treasurer Spin ner. He was diligent [in the performance of his duties,receiving several promotions through the various grades until he became in May, 1808, chiefecierk of tht treasurer’s office. Mr. Graves was detailed on the Treasury Board of Examiners on the adoption of the Civil Ser vice rules in May 1872, and served as the ex- A Plucky Woman. [Douglasville (Ga.) Star.] For weeks past some one has been robbingthe residence of Mrs. Anna P. Shackleford, of Pleasant Hill, Ala., but when and hew was a mystery. On the evening of the 26th alt., Mrs. Shackleford was in her room engaged in writ ing, when her attention was directed to some one working at her window from the front portico. She hastily snatched up a pistol from a table and had just got behind the door, and up went the wiudow, and in stepped a r >ugh negro six feet high and weighing 175 pounds. He did not see Mrs. S. and went to her dressing case and took out all the money he could fiud. Plucky Mrs S. started to shoot him when to her con sternation she discovered the pistol was not loaded. With a savage oath the burly negro sprang at Mrs. S. catching her by one of her h inds, while in his other hand he held an open knife. He made a determined effort to cut the throat of Mrs. Shackleford. He cut through her dre6s, burying the blade in her left breast, the cut being three inches deep. Two wounds were inflicted on the arm and one in the hand. As he raised the knife for the fourth time plucky Mrs. Shackleford succeeded in freeing her hand from his grasp, and q lick as a flash oi 1 ginning she struck him a blow on his temple with the butt end of the pistol, which caused him to reel; two other well directed blows felled him to tbe floor. Just beyond him on a table was a loaded pistol be had not seen. She sprang past him to get it, when he rose from the fl >or and dashed through the window just as a ball came in close proximity to his head. He ran like “Maud S” to escape. Mrs. Shackleford had a few moments before came up from her plantation on horse back; and oadly cut as she was and bleeding fearful ly, she quickly mounted her steed and rode along at a rapid rate. As she came within shoo ing range of the fleeing negro, she fired, the ball hitting h min the leg and bringing him down. She was upon him almost simultaneously with his fall, and stood over him with cocked pistol for three quarters of an hour, until she secured the services of three gtntiemen, who carried him to jail. Mrs. Shackleford is getting along well, al though her nerves were slightly shook up. But- she is a lady of extraordinary power. She man ages a laree plantation, and takes care of her mother, who is blind, her father, an invalid and 94 years of age, and her little boy. She is a woman that Alabama and the South should feel proud of. Protective and Attractive Colorings. One more peculiarity af great interest must also be toted. It appears that many insects have two sets of colors, seemingly for different purposes; the one set protective from the at tacks of enemies, the other set attractive to their own mates. Thus several butterflies have the lower side of their wings colored like the leaves or bark on which they rest, while the upp»r sides are rich with crimson, orange and gold, which gleam in the bright sunlight as they flit about among their fellows. Butterflies, of course, fold their wings with the under side outward. On the other hand moths, which fold their wings in the opposite manner, often have their upper surfaces imi tative or protective, while the lower sides are bright and beautiful. One Malayan butterfly, the Kallima paralecta, has wings of purple and orange above, but it exactly mimics dead foli age when its vans are folded; and, as it always rests among dry leaves, it can hardly be dis tinguished rom them, as it is even apparently spotted with funzi. In these and many other cases one cannot help believing that—wnile im itative coloring has been acquired for protect ive purposes—the blight hues of the concealed portion must be similarly useful to the insect as a personal decoration.—Grant Altai in Pop ular Science Monthly. Grapes- Almost every owner of a piese of ground— we might venture to say that it matters little how small a piece it may be so it is not entire ly covered by buildings—could, if he would, enjoy the luxury of grapes. This would serve for an arbor, or planted so as to be trained on the verandah, serve as a protection against the hot summer sur. The best season for propo rtion is in the Spring; but it would be better if the cuttings wt re made in the fall and pack ed away in damp moss and placed in a dry cellar, ready for use when wanted Any open weather in Winter when out-door work can be done comfortably, is the best for pruning. The earlier it is done the better— not only to get rid of surplus wood, but for the purpose of dropping the vine to the ground, for protection against cold. It is astonishing how vigorous old vmes can be made, how they wiil grow, and how it will add to their productiveness, to dig and bury a few bones near them so the roots can reach and feed on thepLp, Bones should always be placed in the BjHekbftien grape vines are plant ed. NO. VI. When Monti and her young lover-husband were promenading in the spring like February moonshine, Rex, according to his usual cus tom, plunged headlong into an almost forgot ten talk. “I’ve thought a great deal about wbat Max was saying once; and, it seems to me he is pretty nearly right about female education. Now, there’s Monti, I’d like you to find me a more companionable woman, and yet it would be hard to tell wnat Monti does know. I’m afraid the enumeration would have to stop be fore j ou d reach the multiplication table—” “Yes, but—” Regina began. “Precisely," Max interrupted, smiling cor dially upon Rfx who, it must be admitted was figuring in a new role when he sided with his bachelor friend. “There’s hardly a n an living who w 11 d.ffer with us here. The whole system of female education is at fault on this point I speak with authority as a retired teacher,” letting a large comprehensive beam upon the listeners. “And as a retin d teacher, I must tell you that I never helped one of my girls flounder through a Geometrical demonstration without feeling a strong desire to fling the book out of the window, and ask her to give me instead, a bright, graphic, animated account of how she lived through yesterday. There’s a sort of su perstition controlling the minds of men now-a- days;—a dense superstition. They give it a high sounding name; they call it the higher ed ucation of woman. I’m praying for the day when a warm, invigorating ray of home-light will clear away these mists. The first and last step in the education of girls should be to make them bright, sunny, healthy, charming; to lec ture to them about the living questions of the d iy; to wake up their minds to present facts and requirements. Let them skim the sea of knowledge,if they choose, but teach them to to dive to the depths of human interests—’’ It seems to me you are leaving the quality of thoroughness entirely out of the question,’ Vesta inteirupted with a quite unusual im pulse. “Do you wish o see female education more lamentably superficial than it is at pres ent ? Would you not prefer to have your girls taught that a little thoroughly learned will be worth more to them than ali tbe seasoi knowl edge lightly skimmed? By your system of training you would dwarf her mentally and morally by deriving her of that best condition of mental and moral growth—thoroughness. I try to make my girls understand that there are no trifles. From the sweeping of a room to the solving of a problem there must be the ino?t accurate thoroughness, with a well for mulated reason for every step of the perform ance.” She ceased suddenly, a warm color spread ing over her face as she realized how much she had been carried out i f herself. Max’s grey eyes were regarding her steadily; but there was no longer a vest go of coldness in the depths of them. A warm approval hov ered there; an approval however, which he ca-efully kept out of his voice, perhaps with the wicked intentio-: of drawiug her on yet farther. I see your point,” he said argumentatively, slowly filling his meersahaum the while; “and that is just what I do not grant you. By your system girls would become so alarmingly seri ous that we would be forced to set up a patch work society for the mending of half-worn theories. Sow, I contend that men do not want the women of their hou-eholds to be de veloped into humanized interrogation points. Bright ei es become troublesome if they are continually shooting a “why” into the conver sation. The most charming wife in the world is the one who knows just enough to ad Hire her husband’s knowledge and who has respon siveness to make him aware of her admira tion.” But what of the women who are not wives?” Vesta began. “They ought to be I” Rex put in with em phasis. To this Max vouchsafed not even so much as a nod. “I never could quite fit them into my theo ries,” he said, evident y grudging her the point “Women must be educated to meet the most reasonable probabilities, not accidents,” Vesta continued, somewhat eagerly. ‘ Mai riaze must be regarded as an accident The majority of women are obliged to make a living for them selves. There have been cases mown where the wife even made a living for her husband. Suppose she," looking through the window where they could see Monti’s little head lean ing agaiist her husband’s shoulder, “suppose she were left penniless and alone, what could she do? Would not her warm, responsive beauty be her curse instead of her blessing? Would not her heart break and her beauty fade away in tears because she would know nothing thoroughly which she might be able to turn to account?” “Yes, indeed,” Regina said. And at the first sound of her voice the penetrating influ ence of her fine judgment, like a strong, deli cate, subtle odor, enwrapped them. “Yes, in deed ; I have often regretted, just as Max does, that so much valuable school time is consumed trying to do impossible things with unintel lectual girls. It has always seemed to me a pity that nobody has attempted a reformation in these things. I think that is really Max’s idea. He exaggerates his views in order that he may the better suggest to us his line of thought, just as the schoolboy who shouted ‘Don’t hold his head under the pump!’ when they had caught their prof* ssor, you know. But I think we are i npruvmg in this respect. I visit Vesta’s school-room often, and I am al ways rejoiced to observe how much more indi viduality and independence of thought her girls exhibit than was exhibited by the girls of my day. And from whit I see in her educational journals, I think this is becoming more gener ally the plan of education—first to develop t lought, then to teach facts. Max is right in one thing, I think—knowledge is not of > alf so much importance as character. And just here is where Vesta's ideas must be takm to com plete Max’s. It is well enough to teach girls to be charming, but they mast be a* thorough in that as in anything else. And no woman is thoroughly and reliably charming who is not so from principle. Nothing is so evident or so disheartening as speciousness here. She must be coLsiderate and self-controlled and lady like and unselfish because her heart and her conscience prompt her to these things If she have no h gber motive or incentive than merely to be charming, then she is a hypocrire and the truth is not in her. And I think there is not one of this family who will have des- similar views on this point” “No, indeed!” Vesta responded heartily. “I do think girls should be taught all that can possibly be taught them. The knowledge njay lie unused for years, but it will surely respond to any demand made upon it by the exigencies of life. But even before this eff rt to store the mind the teacher should rank in importance, the effort to devel >p character, especially that phase of it which is commonly cail-d decision of character. I find more difficulty here than on any other point. Girls are generally apt to be unstable, wavering. There isn’t a day of my life during some pa’t of which I am not remreded of a sentence which years ago im pressed me deeply. We defer a decision be cause to decide is to accept consequences and assume responsibilities; meanwhile, irresolu tion creates heavier burdens. If I can bring my girls to tbe point of taking a position, even though it be an erroneous one, I am delighted. And if I can go farther and get them to give ms even the feeblest reason for their position, you may be sure I am happy.” In her self-forgetfulness she was talking di rectly to Max with all of that earnest, grave enthusiasm which revealed the warmth and depth and strength of her nature; but which, for some reason so puzzling to Regina, she so studiously kept hidden from him. “Ah—” Max began warmly, but Monte’s return put an end to the talks. And very soon afterwards good nights were said. On the landing at the turn of the stairs Ves ta came face to face with Max. “I was waiting for you,” he oonfossed with nfrvous embarrassment. “I wanted to tell you that you should have your white-pinks. I have a friend whose garden-beds are bordered with them ” Her face flushed with that quick, flitting color peculiar to her; and the star-like eyes shed unconscious warmth upon him. But he gave her no time to answer. “And I want to tell you that I did not mean quite all I said. I have a much higher esti mate of woman’s worth than that—” “I felt quite sure of it,” she interrupted ea gerly. “Good-night, then, you shall have vour white-pinks.” The Poem. In tha “Quiz Colnain" ot your Isat wan*. you aatr soma on# to foni'ah the answer to tba poem “AWtn man’s Question,” called tor by “ft,” Sprint HU', G*. I tra scribe the san e from my scrap book, mn&Yam will 6 d it herewith- The author ia onkrownbo me Very truly, 8 L. Pjuxa BEPLY TO A WOMAN'S ANSWK3 TO A MOTS QUESTION. Yon aay 1 have asked for tba coat Beat thing Ev<-r made by the band above— A woman's heart and a woman's life. And a woman's wonderful tars. That I h«v> written yunrduty out, and man-like, have questioned f ee; Yon demand that 1 stand at the barof your soot; n hile you In tun question me. Aid when I ask yon to be my wife— The head • f my hones and ho e. Whose ^path I would ec-ttev wllh ennebiue through Thy stiii-.(I whan sorrow stall eon a— Yon teply with disdain anda curt of the lip, And point lo my cost's miesing button, Ard h nghti y aek if 1 want a cook Toarvenpuy beat acdnmton. 'Tie a Kin, that you look fori Wei lam not be, But only a plain, earnest n sn Whoee feet often shun the hard path they should treed Often shrink from the gulf they ah< nid span. ’Tie bard to be’ieve that tbe rose will lade Fro the cheek fo full, so fain; ’Twere harder to ihink that a heart proud andpotd Was ev r reflected there True, tbe rose will fade, and the leaves will fall, A< d the autumn of life will ceinn; Bat the heart tl at I give th*' will I e tine as in May, Should 1 n ake it tby etcher, thy home. Th' u requir'st all things that are good and true— Vlthiugsth t a n au she nld t a; Ah! lady my troth. In return doubt not. For the rest, 1 leave it to thee. Keep Milk. Housekeeper, LaGrange, Ga.; How shall A keep milk a long time? Gan it be done? Yes; add bicarbonate of noiii in the propor tion of about six grainz to a quart of milk and then place in sealed batiks. Book- Leaves. Reader, Madison, Ga ■ Tell me wbat wilV take the dirt off kook leaves without injuring the printing? Besides the ordinary use of bread crumbs for the removil of stains, » solution ot oxalic acid, citric acid, or tartarie acid may be useA; these acids do not attack printing ink, but’.wili remove marginal notes in wri'ing ink, etc .Do not give valuable books to children to play with or to look at the piotureA. Neuralgic Ointment. Sufferer, Newnan, Ga.; Do tell me if yon know what I can do to free myself from neu ralgia? We have seen the following recipe, andjt;1s said to be first rate ’fry it and let us hear from you or anyone eiso who has tried it: Menthol, 45 grains; cocaine, 15 grains; chloral, 10 grains; visaline, 6 rhaetims Then apply to the painful pan. Pictures. R. P. T., Galvez, Ja.-. J have a fine ekeprno which has become dirty and fly specked, an# also what kind of varnish shalt I nseto varnish it? Keep a wet towel lying on its face till the dirt is thoroughly softened, say three or four days, occasionally rubbing off carefully with a sponge; then rub with clear nut or linteed bil. Your ebromo will then he a thing of beauty -lo please the eye. Flowers. Cora, Columbus, Ga.: 4 aia very fond otr flowers, and enjoy every new variety that# see. Can you tell me how many species are: known to botanists? We have seen it stated that there are 100,000’ species of flowering plants now known to bot anists; and they have net discovered all, by any means. What a flower garden that wotfldi be with all the species growing in it I What a sitht to the lover of flowers, and wbat a treat to the bees and humming bird*? Can it be Done? - Tom, Covington, Ga. I heard a gentleman say he conld put his hand into a basin of wa ter and take out a half do Mar without a etting his bands. Can he do it’? Yes, it can be done There is a powder called lycopodium, and if a person- will cover tbe surface of the water with it, or rub the hand well with tbe powder, he era dip .his hand in the water without becoming wet, an# thus take out the coin. After performingjhe feat, a shake of the hand will dislodge the ad- herng powder. Thai ts Iho way many mod ern miracles are worked. aiuoDg the iguorauL A Billion. Counter, M Uedgevilte, Ga^ Tell me what a billion is, and how long would it take to count that sum? There is a dispute about it. A billion is a thousand millions—or a thou sand times a million—by our numeration. In England, a billion is a million times a million, or a million of miliums. We connt by the French method—1,000,000,003. By the Eng lish, it would be 1,000,000,000,000. To count a billion by our method, it wool# take 25 years, 134 uayu, 3 hoers and"seven minutes to oountat the rate of 150 per minute. Another counter takes 12 years to count 946,- 080.000. By the English method, if you should count as many as 200 m a minute, then an hour would produce 12,000; a day of 24 hours, 288.000, and a year, or 305 days, 105,120,000. To count a billion it would require 9,512 years, 342 days, 5 hours, and 20 minutes. Bat sup pose on) counts only 12 hoars in a day, he would need 19,026 years, 319 days, 10 hours and 45 minutes to finish tbe task. A billion is a pretty little amount, you sea The Big Chandelier. A large chandelift, with oil lamps, which had just been put up in the hall of the Hgnse of Representatives, feU, wi'h a crash, on Sat urday morning, Dee. 20, 4840, about 10 o’clock. The weight of the new chandelier was 7^500 pounds, aid the counter weight the same. It was furnished wiih W burners, and afford*# with 11,000 cut-glass spangles and prisma, it threw a light like that of day to the extreme parts of the hal. Few persons were in’the hall at the time, but one oi the attendanls.who had been lusy in cleaning It very narrowly es caped. Six of the members’ seats were entire ly demolished. The great brass rod in which the suspension chain worked fell .entirely across the hall, and during a sitting o£jthe H >use must have kilted 20 or 30 memhera. It was found that the chant, whicb waij ofjcast steel, parted in consequence of what seeme^j to be a flaw or line crack. The chain under went a very severe test at Bi-ston, and "wa* probably weakened by that test. Everyjoua- was glad that this dangerous machine,'which for two weeks had been suspended overhead, was down. The massive brass chandeflf r ite the House, about 20 years before, came down in like manner. Mr. Lowr des, of South ft 0 *! lina, narrowly escaped from i', and jtft fair would h ive been attended with the mostfataF consequences had it not occurred, as the later accident did, before the meeting of tbe Bouse.
