About The sunny South. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1875-1907 | View Entire Issue (April 9, 1887)
THE SUNNY SOUTH, ATLANTA, GA, SATURDAY MORNING, APRIL 9, 1887. Ksr /a uri of congress. How are the members of the Legislature going to get to Atlanta? And what will the negroes do about excursions? They say the new law goes into effect the first day of April, “ail fools day,” and I reckon there will be many a fellow fooled for the next twelve months. One thing we can all do and that is to stay at home. There are five pas senger trains each way on the State road, and hereafter I reckon about two can do the busi ness. Well, April has come at last., and now I reckon that spring will surely come. It ought to, for that is the meaning of the word. April comes from a Latin word that means “to open,” and the name was given because the earth opens for vegetation to spring up. One thing I want Judge Henderson to know, and that is the fruit is not killed in Bartow. All the peach trees I have examined are loaded with healthy fruit, and our wheat crop looks better than usnal. Our Portrait Gallery. POBTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES OP DISTINGUISHED MEN AND WOMEN. the(oi/ntf^y Philosopher [Copyrighted by author. All rights reserved.! Note — By special arrangement with the anther of these articles and the Alls' ta f'onftihiiiim, for which paper they are written under a special contract, we publish them in the Sunnk South under the copy right. No othrr papers are allowed to publish them. When I told an Atlanta friend that I was on my way to Savannah, he said: “Well, you will like Savannah, she is a mighty pretty litr tie town.” I used to think that Augusta was the prettiest city in the State and I havent changed my mind so far as some things are concerned. Her Broad street and Green street, her longitude and latitude; her aristo cratic dignity, her canal and factories, her beautiful river and her delightful climate, and, more than all, her standard men and queenly women have made an impression upon me that is akin to reverence. When I was a young man and was merchandising in an unpretend ing town I bought my goods in Augusta and was familiar with her old historic names. I had great respect for the Goulds and Buck- leys and Stovalls and Barretts and Butts and Tutts and Plumb and Bones and Brown and Hand and Williams and many others. My good father taught me to respect them, and he had the most confiding faith in their integrity. "They will not cheat you, my son,” he said. “They are all honorable,Christian gentlemen.” But the biggest thing abont Augusta to me was a select school that was conducted there by Mr. and Mrs. Chapman. Well, I was not so much interested in the school as I was in one of the scholars—and she is sitting in the other comer now with her gold spectacles on, sew ing away, and ever and anon going up stairs to see how the sick grandchild isgettiigon. Of course I have pleasant memories of Au gusta. And the beautiful city of Savannah has strong ancestral claims upon me, too, for my father located there in his early manhood and taught school, and my mother was one of his pupils. What a word of events—great events —have happened since thenl As I wandered along the bay and through the parks, my mind went back in a wakeful dream to the time when my parents walked in these same ways and looked upon these scenes and had bright and anxious hopes of their own future. Savan nah is really a lovely city, and impressed me much more than 1 expected. It is a city of parks and monuments. These parks surprise you as you go around from street to street, and they are thronged wi.h happy children playing among the flowers and evergreens. The founders of this city had a love for the beautiful and their successors had high patri otic emotions, for they have built monuments to their heroic dead and shown their reverence for Ogletbrope and Pulaski and Green and Jasper. Everything indicates abundant wealth and prosperity. The ground that a few years ago was her suburbs is now fast fill ing up with beautiful residences. In the heart of the city the old-time honored business houses are giving place to modern structures that are elegant and costly. I saw a lot, a vacant lot, that was not upon a corner, sell for $20,000, and it was only thirty feet front. The Central system of railroads has done wonders for Savannah. A friend took me all around through the immense warehouses, where half a million bales of cotton are handled; and thousands of tons of guano are stored, and millions of feet of lumber are shipped. I saw the great steamships that belong to the Cen tral, and went aboard the Nacooche and was shown all through her apartments by Cap tain Kempton. She is a marvel of strength and ueauty and her great elevators that are operated by steam were bringing up and discharging her cargo, while scores of ne groes moved it up to the wharf. “What is that great pile of pig-iron doing there?” said I. “Ah that is our ballast,” said the captain. “We have to lower that into the hold to steady the ship. Our cargo now going North is mainly of light weight, such as Florida fruits and vegetables, and they must be stowed on the upper decks to get air, and so we hold the vessel down with the iron.” There are nine of these immense steamers making regular trips to New York and Boston and Philadel phia and Baltimore. .The largest have a car rying capacity of live thousand bales of cotton —compressed cotton—and huge monsters that puff and blow like leviathans are compressing by day and by night in the cotton season. Sa vannah is indeed a port—a great port, our port, and is the receiving and distributing point for the produce and merchandise of a vast area of territory. From these wharves we took a circuit around and among the truck farms that seemed to have no limit, and just as far as the eye could reach there were gar dens—vegetable gardens—thousands of acres in cabbages and potatoes and peas and beans and beets and onions and all the garden vege tables. Some of them gave signs of frost, but not many. Scores of negroes, large and small, were picking the peas, and they are boxed rapidly and hurried to the steamships for exportation. It is lively times in these truck farms now, and it is said to be a very profitable business. I met one of the oldest inhabitants in Colo nel Estili’s office—Mr. R. W. Habersham, who is a Ben: Per.y Poore in memories of the ol den times and he discoursed pleasantly of the days cf Van Buren and Calhoun and Webster, and told me of bis visit to Poland with J. Fen- niniore Cooper and Morse, the inventor, and of his interviews with General LaFayetts. Mr. I Habersham was the classmate of Joe E. John- ; ston at West Point, atd Robert E. Lee was a j cadet at the same time. One evening I was quietly sitting in the j reading room of the Screven house, when a stately gentleman came and seated himself in j front of ina and said: “Now, look at me and Do We Not Still Need the Pillory or Whipping Post. It is generally conceded, says an exchange, that the abolition of that venerable institution, the pillory, to say nothing of the whipping post, was in its time a wise and humane meas ure. To put a man or woman, who had been guilty only of a trivial crime, up into a frame before a mob, there to be pelted with eggs or otherwise insulted, was a most intolerable and inhuman punishment. Yet really, when we come to read our police reports of the present day, we begin to think the best of rules may have its exceptions, and that possibly the pillory itself might almost be revived to advantage, since nothing else seems to check some of the outrages which go on in our large cities. Be it borne in mind that in the|days of our ancestors no such vice as row dyism, and no such wretches as rowdies or “bummers,” were known. Search through Hogarth and you will find no creature so vile, so repulsive as a regular hoodlum; a being which the law would seem excusable in pun ishing in any way, or in crushing out of exis tence almost without much formula. Take one of them as he stands at his corner, a villainous, blaspheming, obscene, murderous beast as he is, without an ambitious idea above a fight, without an exertion of intellect above defying the law in some violent or sneaking manner. “I kin maul you,” is his only reply to an argument, the reply which every animal makes after its manner to all which displeases Every day or two we read how a being of this description, a mere social Yahoo, amused himself in a bar-room by assaulting the tavern keeper, by stabbing and shooting and throw ing decanters. Anon, a party of them, seldom a single one, assault some respectable citizen, “just for fun.” The last century had its Ma- hocs among the dissipated aristocracy, but it had no generally spread element of rowdyism among boys and young men, who gave them selves up to an unutterably degraded condi tion, not of robbery, but of intolerable and in famous insult and outrage. There is another and higher class of rowdy than this, to whom the attention of the police should be far more strictly turned than it has been, and for whom pillorying would not be by any means too good. We refer to a Class of dissipated, flashy idlers, fast men, who lounge at the mouths of drinking saloons in fashionable streets, stopping the sidewalks, or who walk about, staring with all the insolence peculiar to vulgarity and ignorance at passers, and particularly at ladieB. Some of them are gamblers, some gambler’s victims, some the langers-on of low places of amusement, and a few young men not without means, but of in curable debased tastes. They are all a part of the great rowdy family, all live in coarse de bauchery, and are all intolerable nuisances. It would be well if rowdyism, or the leading a riotous life offensive to order and decency, could be established as a crime, aud punished, disgracefully punished, as such. Very little is done towards rendering it revolting, or to wards stigmatizing it as such. Of late years its characteristics have, however, been mani fested so frequently in men occupying high station that we fancy there may be some rea son for this. So long as men of education can be found half taking a silly, national pride in being regarded as bowie-knifing, fire-eating characters, the rowdy will have plenty of so cial excuse. Rufus Blodgett. The long contest in the New Jersey Legisla ture for the election of a United States Senator to succeed William J Sewell, resulted unex pectedly on Wednesday in the choice of Bnfus Blodgett, of Mommoth county. Ex-Governor Leon Abbett, who was the Democratic can didate for the place, had incurred the bitter hostility of a small number of Democratic members, who could by to means be induced to give him their support and Senator Sewell, the Republican candidate, was equally unable to obtain a majority of the votes. Bufus Blodgett, United States Senator from New Jersey was bom at Dorchester, New Hampshire, November 9th, 1834, of poor pa- has held the office of Secretary ef State for Scotland. In November of the same year he was made a member of the English Cabinet. He is only thirty years of age and his appoint ment to such an important post as the Chief Secretaryship for Ireland shows one of two things: either Lord Salisbury could not get any other person to take his place, or else he wants somebody there who will be his own immediate personal representative in carrying out any coercive policy he may institute. Mr. Balfour has announced that he is ready to in troduce an Irish Crimes bill, if Sir Michael Hicks-Beach should fail to do so. Jesse J. Finley. General Jesse Finley, who by appointment of the Governor, succeeds C. W. Jones as United States Senator from Florida, is an old and experienced politician and lawyer, who has been identified with public affairs in three different States of the Union. ' He is in the seventy-fifth year of his age. having been bora November 18th 1812, in Wilson county Ten nessee. He received an academic education, studied law, and was admitted to the bar of the State in 1838. On removing to Arkansas, RUFUS BLODGETT. rents who lived in humble circumstances. His opportunities for education were meagre, but he had a natural aptitude for mathematics and a love of mechanics. He is said to have had the desire common to many boys to be come a locomotive engineer, and to have made a model of the first engine he ever saw. On reaching the age of manhood he left home and sought employment on a railroad. He found a place as engineer on the New Jersey South ern road, and advanced in his positions while engaged by the company, successively to Chief Engineer and Master Mechanic. His intelli gence and quiet, unpretentious ways begot confidence in those who came in contact with him, and in 1878 he was chosen a member of the lower branch of the Legislature from Ocean county, becoming twice re-elected to the same position. Mr. Blodgett was indus trious and attentive to duty as a Legislator, but rarely spoke in debate. When he did, it was with brevity and to the point, displaying sound judgment. He became a member of the Democratic State Committee, ard allied him self with Secretary of State Kelsey against Governor Abbett. In the fall of 1880 he as pired to the Governorship of the State, ^and was defeated for the nomination by Mr. Green, who was put forward by (the then) Governor Abbett as a candidate. Mr. Blodgett’s friends claim that he was defrauded out of the nomina tion through the agency of political trickery. Several years ago Mr. Blodgett became Super intendent of the Long Branch line of the New Jersey Central Railroad, aud devoted his time to the improvement of its service with much Queen Elizabeth’s Affections. That her affections were really, though ab surdly, moved is evident from her treatment of the Prince. She behaved like an infatuated woman, and paid the little Frenchman every attention. When he insisted upon going, she parted from him mournfully and in tears. She expressed her feelings in the following poem: “I grieve, yet dare not snow my discontent; I love, and yet am forced to seem to hate; 1 dote, nut dare not wnat I ever meant; I seem stark mute, bnt Inwardly do prate; I am, and am not—freeze, and yet I burn; Since from myself my otber self 1 turn. “My care Is like my shadow In the sun— Follows me flying—flies wben I pursue it; Stands and lives by me—does what I have done. This too familiar care dotb make me rne it— No means I And to rid him from my breast, TUI by the end of things it be suppressed. “Some gentler passion steal into my mind, (For I am soft and made of melting snow;) Or be more cruel, love, or be more kind; Or let me float or sink, be high or low; Or let me live with some more sweet content; Or die, and so forget what love e’er meant.” After this time she appears to have parleyed with no more suitors. Her love of dress and her vanity rather increased than diminished. She had three thousand dresses and eighty wigs. She was always open to flattery, and dispensed coquettish attentions to handsome gentlemen of every age. She tried to monop olize the chivalric devotion of all her court. She was faithful and kind to her old friends, but exacting of service aud stingy in rewards. Her favorites, loaded with grants and privi leges, were neither good nor faithful. Lei cester was vain, imperious and treacherous; Essex, a man on the same general pattern. The Queen never had a lover of noble and de serving character. This she had discernment to perceive, but could not quite overcome her womanly affections. Her own character was that of a brave and wise woman, stained by the cruelty and bad faith of her court and era. No doubt she beter tilled her place as a virgin queen, stimulating the chivalry of her stirring and adventurous age. Around her centered the glory of that generation.—K. B. Wiltiama in Brooklyn Magazine. JESSE J. FINLEY. he located himself in Mississippi county. In the following year he was elected to the State Senate. In 1842 he removed to Memphis, Tenn., where he practiced his profession; and was elected mayor of the city in 1845. In November of the subsequent year he removed to Marion county Fla. In 1850 he was elect ed to the Florida State Senate, and in 1852 was a presidential elector on the Whig ticket, the following year he received the appoint^ ment of Judge of the Western Circuit court, and was elected to the same office again 1855 and 1859. Under Confederderate author ity, Judge Finley was appointed Judge of the Confederate States court of Florida in 1861 which position he resigned at the end of a year. Judge Finley has been a conspicuous figure ' the field as on the Bench and in the halls legislation. In 1838 he was a captain of mounted volunteer company in the Seminole War. In March, 1862, he volunteered as a pri vate in the service of the Confederate States, and rapidly rose to be captain and colonel, surrendering as a bragadia-general at the close of the war. General Finley then (in 1865) lo cated at Lake City, Fla., and resumed the practice of law, but removed to Jacksonvile 1871, where he has continued to reside ever since. In 1874 he was elected a Representa tive to the Forty-fourth Congress as a conser vative Democrrat and re-elected to the Forty- fifth Congress, contesting successfully the claim of the sitting member, II. Bisbee, Jr. who in turn “ousted” General Finley from his seat in the Forty-seventh Congress in the contest before the House of Representatives. HOCTESMEMORABILES. gave wide circulation to the accounts of this ward, and it in turn communicates the motion incident, presumably with the approval of the t 0 the flnid lying behind it, and the fluid pass- (government, and the matter has caused no lit- es the motion somehow into the membranous tie amount of comment abroad. | bags floating in it where it is supposed the agitated otoleths hive something to do toward producing the sensation of sound, by striking against and exciting the nerve filaments dis tributed in these bags. All this is accom plished by the inward swing of the tympanum, This inward swing of the tympanum conden ses the air in the middle chamoer. Now the instant the pressure upon the outside in moved (as it is by the rebonnd of the molecu lar striking it), the condensed air in the mid dle chamber in its effort to regain its former volume pushes the tympanum outward, the “BY B. B ” Dramatis Personae. SEVENTH SIGHT. The Judge: No, sir! [continued next week.] SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. D. LYNCH PRINGLE. How Marbles are Made. An old man living in the Charlestown Dis trict, who for many years was engaged in the marble making industry, gave the following information to a Budget representative, which may be of some interest. All the marbles with which boys everywhere amuse them selves, in season and out of season, on pave ments and in shady spots, are made at Ober- stein, Germany. There are large agate quar ries and mills in that r eighborhood, and the refuse is turned to good account in providing the small stone balls for experts to “knuckle” with. The mode of manufacture is as follows: The stone is broken into small cubes by see if you have forgotten one of your old class- , blows of a light hammer. These small blocks mates.” Well, I looked and pondered and ; 01 stone are thrown by the shovelfull into the was about to give it up, when he said: “Let ! “hopper’ of a small mill, formed of a bed me call the roll and then mavbe you will be stoue, having its surface grooved with coucen- reminded.” and he began with the old famil- - trated furrows; above these is the “runner,” iar names. “Allan, Ashley, Anderson, Ban- ! which is made of hard wood having a level croft Bacon, Briscoe, Camak, Cassiday, Co- face on its lower surface. The upper block is dy, Farmer, Grant, Hardee, Howard, Hull, I made to revolve rapidly, water being delivered Hughes,” Stop, said I. This Dan Hughes, and"it was. and so we got close up together upon the grooves of the bed stone where the marbles are being rounded. It takes about and talked of the college days and the boys who were living and those who were dead. I found Charlie Hardee there, too. He is the city treasurer and old father time has whit ened him up and wrinkled him just like he has me—we want to get up a reunion of the Coys this next summer—not simply of our class, but of all our college mates for the years ’46 and ’47. We can gather about thirty that are in reach, aud we want to attend the next college commencement at Athens and strut around like sages and patriarchs and fix up some Munchausen stories wherewith to amaze the present generation that is drinking in knowledge at the university. There is one serious trouble, though, about meandering over the country now. These railroads won’t even give anybody excursion rates, and free passes are all abolisned. It cost me $25 to go to Savannah and back again, including the sleeper. They won’t sell a thou sand mile ticket. They recognize the power of the pulpit a little, and will let a preacher travel for two cents a mile, but they won’t re cognize the power of the press at all. An ed itor has got to pay just, like a white man. Well, I’ll bet $10 that the editors knock that whole interstate bill into pi at the next session After# minutes to finish a bushel of good mar- fa es ready for “snapping.” One mill will turn out 170,000 marbles per week. The very hard; est “crackers,” as the boys call them, are made by a slower process, somewhat analo gous, however, to the other. An American Girl Weds a Jap. The marriage of a Japanese student, at the Michigan University, to an American girl has caused a furor in Ann Arbor, where it took place. The names of the contracting parties are June K. Kimura, of Archi Ken, Japan, and Mary M. Gallagher, until recently of East Saginaw, and the ceremony was per formed by the Rev. W. II. Ryder, of the Con gregational Church. The groom is a bright- faced, intelligent Japanese, under medium size, a fiueut English speakor and son of a former royal physician. The bride went to Ann Arbor with a relative, who was being treated at the hospital, where she met Kim ura, who is a senior medical student. Kimura has been six years in this country, and will be graduated in June, when he will return to Japan with his bride. He will have a po sition in the Japanese army. success. He made his home in the village of Long Branch where he lived in a plain and unostentatious manner. He is a man of mod erate means and unpretentious bearing, and is credited with sterling judgment, good sound common sense, and unimpeachable in tegrity, but is possessed of but slight culture and no brilliant qualities. D. Lynch Pringle. Mr. Lynch Pringle, of South Carolina, who will succeed the late Mr. Heap as Consul-Gen eral at Constantinople, is apparently the pet of the consular service. Shortly after the Cleveland administration came into power, Mr. Pringle was appointed Consul at 'Teguci galpa, Honduras. He remained at his post a few months, when securing thirty days’ leave of absence, he returned to Washington. While there, a vacancy occurred at Guatemala, Cen tral America. Mr. Pringle concluded that he would rather not return to Honduras and ap plied for the place at Guatamala instead. He was successful in his application, the position being bestowed upon him. While North on a second leave of absence, a telegram from Con stantinople brought the intelligence of Mr. Heap’s death. Mr. Fringie thereupon decided that the Sublime Porte offered some advant ages in the way of residence that Central America did not possess, and accordingly he applied for the vacancy. Again he proved fortunate and the appointment was received ty him and his nomination publicly ratified on March 10th, 1887. MAURICE VIGNAUX. A. J. BALFOUR. Mr. D. Lynch Pringle was bora in South Carolina in the year 184(1, receiving his edu cation abroad, in Switzerland and Germany, and after completing his studies, determined to cast his fortunes with his native State in the War Bet ween the States. He ran the blockade in March, 1SC4, and immediately en listed in the cavalry, serving in the com mands of Generals Hampton and Butler in the Army of Northern Virginia until the surren der at Appomattox. Subsequently he en gaged in rice planting and cultivation, and continued at this industry until the Demo cratic party came into power, when he filed his first application for a consular appoint ment, backed by his Congressional delegation. The State Department officials say that his record as a consular officer is a good one, and that he will make an excellent successor to the late Mr. Heap. A. J. Balfour. The Eight Honorable A. J. Balfour, was ap pointed Chief Secretary for Ireland in the month of March 1887. He succeeds Sir Mi chael Hicks-Beach to this position. Mr. Bal four is a nephew and former secretary of the Marquis of Salisbury and since July of 1886, General Finley holds his prasent seat in the Senate until the meeting of the Legislature, which will no doubt elect him for the entire term. Maurice Vignaux. To all enthusiasts of the game of billiards, the name of Vignaux is as familiar almost as the game itself. Maurice Vignaux is a French man and a Parisian, and without saying this one knows intuitively what his success as a billiardist ought to be (adopting it as he does as a profession,) when it is known that the French are notable billiard player enthusiasts, and the average Frenchman may almost be considered an expert at the game. Maurice Vignaux has an undisputable national record, having won numbers of games from the lead ing billiardists of the globe. His encounters with George S. Slossou, of Chicago, Illinois, having proved somewhat unsatisfactory to the fame of both parties, Vignaux and Slosson have concluded to play iu Paris, sometime during the year of 1887, to finally settle any existing doubts as to which one belongs the honors of the champion player. This is no easy matter, as both players can lay claim to an unexcelled knowledge and ability of every point of the game, so that neither can possibly gain any advantage over the other. Slosson is undoubtedly the present champion and Vignaux is anxious to win that title for him self. Vignaux starts his game with much confidence and uses treat caution, so that each manifestation of the cue will prove of value to his game, but becomes nervous and GENERAL SAUSS1ER. excited at times when he thinks or sees his competitors gaining ground. While in Amer ica during the billiard tournament, in which be participated and which took place in Chica go, November 15th 1885, he was accompanied by his wife, who visited many of the exhibi tions, taking great interest in viewing the games. General Saussier. A recent international episode possesses considerable significance, in view of the ru mored semi-alliance between Russia and France. At the funeral of the late General Pettie a distinguished veteran of the Crimean war, General Saussier, Commandant of Paris and Commanrler-in-Chief of the French army, delivered a speech in which he alluded to that war as a “Knights’ encounter, in which both sides were victors and neither was defeated.” Ivan Haritone, a rich and prominent merchant of Moscow, sent to General Saussier, in recog nition of the compliment, a large silver punch bowl, called in Russian a “bratina,” or vessel from which brothers drink. In a letter ac companying the present Mr. Haritone also expressed to the French General the thanks ol the Russian populace. The Russian papers The Doctor—a bachelor, age 60. The Judge—a bachelor, age 45. The Professor—a bachelor, (suspect) age 30. _ ... The Madam—a widow, (landlady) age un- tympanum pulling the chain of bones and the certain. fenestra along with it, just as it poshed them The Imp—landlady’s hopeful, age irrelevant, inward. Ana thus the two membranes and Time—Night their connecting chain of bones are set vibrat- Scbne—Bachelor’s Apartments in a Down- ing bodily back and forth in response to the street Boarding House. | molecular pulsations of the sound waves against the tympanum, which vibrations com- [Copyrighted by Author. All rights reserved.] I mamcated to the fluid in the inner ear, are by 1 this fluid made, as we have seen, to excite, in some yet not cleirly understood way, the au ditory nerve; thns giving rise to the sensation Granting that it had I sound. done all you claim for it, it would only be en- I Now you will please to observe—and remem itled to take its place in the field of probabil- ber > lor I shall wish to refer to jt presently— ty among other probabilities with which it that these membranes and their connecting would have to contend. chain vibrate bodily, swing back and forth as But your suppositions are in t.bia case sadly wholes. That is the sound pulses are not at variance with fact. In the first place advo- transmitted through them in the form of mole- cates of the molecular constitution of matter I cular thrills, but, for the most part if not en- are not yet agreed upon any definite theory, tirely, by their actual mass vibrations. Mr. Some holding to one, some to another. The I Huxley is very clear and explicit upon this molt coles of Sir William Thompson, Huxley, point; as to the bones, at any rate, he could and Boscowitch, for instance haven’t even a not be clearer. fami y resemblance. And not only is there a Doctor, I have tried to he clear and accurate, chaos of theories, but every individual theory I have I succeeded? And have I not represented itself is a little chaos, wild, disordered, uncer- the facts in the case fairly? tain. In the second place, it (I call them “it" for convenience. By the berm you can under stand any or all of them to he meant, as you please,) is not “consistent with all observed phenomena.” So far from it indeed, that some of the plainest deductions from the theory are directly at variance with all observed phenom- An Earthly Heaven for Consmnp- ena in certain directions. I tives. In the th'rd place, it is not entitled to rank „ „ e , as a scientific truth because “it has been the I Editor Sunny South: San Antonio has means of leading to many valuable discover-1 one of the most remarkable histories of any ies.” The same claim upon the same grounds city in the United States, though it was not might with equal propriety have been set up 8ettled ^ the year m3. The Catholic by every exploded theory that has had a tern- . . .'.... .. . , porary existence since the world began. The I P nes ts, previous to that tune, had erected molecular hypothesis may perhaps justly claim several missions some miles South of the city its right to be upon these grounds, but 0 f San Antonio, the better to facilitate the FvU to tE rfght ? be ,. a ^’ christianizing of the Indian tribes. These Every theory perhaps that has ever been I . . * , was a step upward toward truth. A step that missions, to some extent, realize the descrip- was necessary to be taken, rounds in a ladder, tion given by Tacitus of the temple at Jeru- all of them, up which the human mind must I salem, which was destroyed by the Romans climb if it ever reach the star of truth shining I , . . , ., . . v at the summit. The trouble is, men som ® I under Titus-they were forts inside of churches time mistake the rounds, or some one of them, I and able to defy the attacks of the Indians, for the star; and so make themselves very I They were bnilt of stone and mortar in quite ridiculous, if any of their fellows happen to h substantial manner, be but wise enough to see and understand 0 . ^ .. . . 0 **• it, San Antonio is situated on the San Antonio The old idea of the homogeniety of matter, river which meanders through the city in and the theory of the transmatation of metals, I every direction. It is extremely crooked, “25 ^entirety indeed, its course through the city is but a the grand and beantifol science of chemistry; ’ , yet nobody claims that these two old and long I succession of sharp bends. There are four ago exploded theories ought to he classed to- bridges spanning it, on three streets, within a day among the facts of science. They did their radius of less than one-fourth of a mile. The I *»■««••«• <** —* ™ *'»“ *» miles north of the city amid beautiful scenery, and, as hut one tributary empties into it north of the city, freshets in the river do little harm and awaken no apprehension. The city is also traversed by San Pedro creek which runs all the year and also by some half dozen irrigation ditches, that were cut by the Span iards, over a century ago. These ditches are Passed away as they J should. They might have been called facts in their day; doubtless were for strong men be lieved in them strongly. But we know better. Let us not call our rounds stars. We know better than that. In the fourth place, the molecnlar theory, for all the noise and parade made about, it nowhere offers any real explan ation of anything. Its explanations when ex-... . . r amined into will be found to consist merely in I NL owing to the inequalities of the sur- a transference of the difficulty, or the change face . and consequently, traverse well nigh all of a name. portions of the city. They are supplied by It does afford, however, to scientific prestid- f be rivhr and might be made quite profitable genators a most excellent opportunity to do a in growing vegetables and vineyards, little juggling in words to the wonder and de- In many respects, San Antonio is one of light of the ignorant many, the confusion and most beautifully situated cities in the Un- ruin of some, but to the disgust of the fortu- I ion, and seldom fails to charm all who visit it. nate few whom a little learning has not de- R i® located in the valley of the San Antonio prived of common-sense. river between two ranges of hills, that run It solves no problems; and for every one it I parallel with the river, which is on© of its attempts raises a dozen others more difficult and perplexing. Let us take a single example, one out of the hundreds that, if time and patience al lowed, might be brought forward. Sup pose we examine the Wave Theory of Sound a hit. Bnt first let us take preparatory glance at a few physiological greatest charms. Since its settlement it has been taken by storm eleven times, and was immortalized and eonsecratrd by the heroic defence of the Ala mo against overwhelming odds in March 1836. Not a man of the heroic band of 160 escaped with his life—not one of them surrendered— all were killed.ontright or disabled by wounds, facts. We must conduct their exam- I end the cruel and bloody Mexicans killed all ination with great care and caution. It would the wounded. The American physicians, be most unfortunate if we should happen to whose lives were spared in the massacre of set two departments of science at loggerheads I Ward’s and Fannin’s troops, at Goliad, in with each other, especially two such affection- order that they might attend upon the Mexi- ato cousins as Physics and Physiology. What- J cans who were wounded in the attack upon ever sound is, there is no disputing the fact I * be Texans in the Alamo, reported that some that somehow or other It reaches the brain 400 Mexicans were killed and something tike through the ear. We will let Mr. Huxley, a thousand were wounded by the 160 Texan as the latest and highest authority, tell us heroes. History has nothing to surpass the about the ear, taking the substance, not the | courage, heroism and self-devotion displayed words, of his explanation. by Travis, Crocket, Bowie, and their oompan- The ear may be regarded as a single tube, I i n the defense of the Alamo, and this lie- separated by two membranous partitions into I ro * c defense will shine with fadeless splendor three chambers, or one onter court and two | throughout the coming ages, chambers, cal ed respectively the onter court. That Puppy Fred, Etc. L. B., Hillsboro, N. C., Box 32: Wanted to buy (or borrow) those numbers of the Sunnt South containing a story called “That Puppy Fred,” etc., commenced March 26th, 1882, in No. 343, vol. vii. The Lafl| Hymn. In your column of Notes and Queries some one asked who wrote The Last Hymn. It wa Marianna Farninham. „ ... Chas. L. Ciierrt. Meridian, Miss. Confederate Money. E. A. Wimberley, Bainbridge, Ga.: Will you please inform me if there is any sale for confederate money or stamps. If so do you know a house dealing in such. We know of none ourself, but some one else may see your inquiry and give you the information. Plcclola. JohnB. Brinor, Linton, Ga.: I write to find ont if Picciola has ever come out in book form, if so where can I get it and at what price. You will confer quite a favor by an swering this. If you mean a story which was written by Mrs. Mallary and published in the Sunny South under that title it has not been pub lished in book form. the middle ear and the inner ear. The outer court is a canal opening externally and closed internally by a thin elastic membrane (tympa num) stretched across it like a drum head and separating it from the middle ear. The middle ear is a closed chamber filled with air, communicating indirectly with the outside atmosphere by a small tube that opens down into the upper part of the throat. It is bounded in front by the tympanum and “To live with fame The gods allowed to many; but to die With equal lustre Is a blessing Heaven Selects from all the choicest boons of fate, And with a sparing band on few bestows.” This boon was bestowed on the heroio de fenders of the Alamo, and a monument will soon be erected close to the spot consecrated by their blood. As a health resort, San Antonio has no su- . - - perior and hardly an equal in the Union. It behind by two other similar membranes that I ig the place for persons suffering from pulmo- together form the closed partition between it nary diseases. If they will come here in the and the inner ear. That is, the middle ear is first stages of consumption and reside winter almost like a drum, the frost head made of a and summer, they will be restored to health, single membrane, the other of two membranes But most consumptives put off trying the ef- placed not one over the other, but side by side fects of a change of climate until their consti- as the two hands would be placed to cover a tutions have been entirely undermined by the cup too large to be covered by one. These disease. Others come for a few months dur- two inner membranes are called the fenestrae ing the winter, derive a temporary benefitfrom (plural of fenestra, a window), and the upper the climate and from impatience to rejoin one is called the fenestra ovatis. Now attached their friends, narrowness of resources, or an by one extremity to the tympanum, and unfounded dread of our summers, hasten back stretching across the middle ear to the fenestra | to the North, where the disease soon consigns ooalis, to which it is also attached at the other extremity, is a flexible chain of three peculiar tiny hones united by firm but movable joints— something like a drum with a bar inside pass ing from one head to the other, to which it is attached at either extremity. The internal ear is a completely closed chain her, having no communication whatever with the external world. It is bounded in front by the two fenestra that separate it from the middle ear, and behind by the lining mem brane of the temporal cavity in which it is situated. It is filled with a fluid in which float closed membranous sacs likewise filled with a fluid and containing little calcareous grains called “ear sand,” or otoliths. Upon the inner surface of these bags, in part, the filaments of the auditory nerve are distrib uted. Mr. Huxley shall he our authority on sound also. Sound, according to our authority is, dy namically considered, essentially a peculiar kind of vibratory wave motion in which the molecules, not the mass, of the medium are concerned. When a sounding body, for in stance, is struck it is thrown into vibrations. At every forward swing it crowds (condenses) the molecules of air in front. Upon its return backward swing it has a tendency to produce a partial vacuum (rarefaction) behind it. The crowded molecules, thereupon, owing to their perfect elasticity, spring backward again to I ill this partially vacant space; hut not till they have given a similar push forward to those directly in front of them. This back and forward swing of the ranks of molecules is what is called a wave vibration or ware length; the distance from the point of greatest con densation to that of greatest rarefaction is called the amplitude of vibration, or half a wane length. Now, therefore, since each crowded rank of molecules, before it begins its backward swing, imparts a push to those in front of it, producing a new condensation and rarefaction, we see how such a wave, once set in motion, would continue to advance and widen in alternate spheres of condensa tion and rarefactions, sphere within sphere, till the original force imparted by the sound ing body is transformed into heat in over coming r* sistance. Now when one of these sound waves strikes the ear the sensation called sound is produced, and we say we hear. It is evident that to produce the sensation of sound, the sound wave must in some way other affect the auditory nerve. But this nerve, we remember, is shut up in the inner ear, and separated from the sound wave by two membranous partitions and aD interven ing chamber filled with air. How then is the sound wave to get to the sound nerve? Let us listen to our teacher further, and ask no impertinent questions—however many may suggest themselves. When the vibrating molecules of the sound wave strike the elastic tympanum, it is driven, bent, inward hy the energy of the molecular impinge; bending inward it pushes the little chain of bones before it, and they resting against the membrane that closes the middle ear, the fenestra oralis, push or bend it in- | them to the grave. As life aud health const! tute the chiefest earthly blessing and of infi nitely more value than money, or the baubles of ambition, consumptives should come" here to settle. Then they would he restored to health. There are quite a number of both men and women in the city to verify the truth fulness of this statement by their personal ex perience. As 15 per cent of the deaths, during winter, in the North are from pneumonia, persons in the North who are blessed with competent for tunes would act pruden’ly and wisely, were they to pass their winters in this city. What is it that renders this climate so bene ficial and curative? It is,the absence of hu midity. A humid climate produces a heavy atmosphere which oppresses and debilitates the already weakened respiratory organs of consumptives, and causes them to contract fresh cold. This is the objection to the climate of Florida. That state is wedged in between the Atlautic and the Gulf of Mexico, it is intersected by numerons rivers and creeks, a large area of its territory is covered with lakes, marshes or everglades, ponds, swamps, and forests. The presence of so much water produces humidity of climate and heaviness of the atmosphere. Fogs are frequent. The swamps with their decaying timber, saturated with water, taint the atmosphere with the seeds of malarial diseases. Now, there is not a swamp within a hun dred miles of San Antonio in any direction, but a wide expanse of prairie, unincumbered with large timber. There are no large sheets of water or forests to produce humidity, hence the climate is dry and invigorating. The at mosphere is pure, and free from heaviness, so that the lungs are not strained by respiration. This is precisely what consumptives require to restore them to health. Fogs are very rare in this climate and are never dense. In mid winter it is necessary to sprinkle the streets to keep down the dust. The climate is dry and invigorating and the air is pure. Chills and fever are almost un known even in July and August. Bilious fever is very rare. Our summers are not as hot as in Georgia and'Alabama. Breezes from the Gulf pre vail‘during most of the day and partially at night, and they cool the atmosphere wonder fully. The nights during summer are pleas antly cool and sleep is enjoyable and refresh ing. I have been here five years and have not had a day’s sickness, though I had a visitation from the chills prior to my coming. The San Antonio river has ample motive power for mills and factories, and is free from extensive and protracted freshets. It rarely overflows its banks and falls quickly. Thinking a letter descriptive of this city and its climate would not only be acceptable to you, hut might prove a blessing to consump tives, I resoiveu to indite this one. With best wishes for the Sunny South, I am, respect fully yours, Anthony W. Dillard. The Inter- State Railway Commission is ex pected to organize about the first of April. Pharmaceutist, Wake Forest, N. C.: Will you please give me the names of some of the principal schools of pharmacy in the United States? Also the one that bears the best rep utation. Write to the Pharmaceutical School, Brook lyn, N. Y., and you will get the information desired. Consult some doctor; he ought to tell you the names. We don’t know. B. A. S., Littleton, N. C : Has there ever been a colored U. S. Senator? If so, of what State, what was his name, his politics? Has any state ever had a colored governor? Do you suppose we will ever have one? Brace of Mississippi, Republican, was an octoroon or a colored man. No colored Gov ernor of any State, and God forbid. Description of Florida. B. F. White, Hearne, Texas: Can you tell me where I can write to in Florida to obtain full description of the State with maps, etc., free, by application. I have heard such could be obtained. I am a reader of the Sunny South and much pleased with it. Whatever you wish you can find in the Sunny South; it is plum ) nil of interesting matter. Write “Times-Union” at Jacksonville, Flor ida. Take a French Paper. M. D., Blackstock, S. C.; Will you please state through your valuable columns the name and address of some French paper or maga- ztne? Would it be better to take one pub lished in Paris or America? I have lately graduated and do not wish to forget the French language. Take an American paper by all means, and wonld recommend the old established Cour tier Des Etats-Unis, published in New York city. Mourning. Willie E., Eggleston, Va.: I would like to hear through the Quiz column whether black sourah silk is only used as mourning? If col ored collars and cuffs are fashionable? What kind of paper and envelopes are most fashion able. Use anything for mourning that suits your taste. Anything is fashionable now adays, and a great many do not put on mourning. We would advise you to put on as little as possible to be fully id the fashion. In Eng land it is going out of fashion and little mourn ing is used. Will Someone Answer Him? Vesper, Kans., Feb. 18, 1887. Dear Sir:—Will you please hand this to some reliable person who I can correspond with in your State, as I wish to make a change from here and would like to move into one of the Southern States, and would like to find a desirable place to locate. My object is to buy some land and farm and raise stock. If you can find some one who will correspond with me who will give me a correct description of the State, I will be under obligations to you. Very Respectfully, J. B. Douglas. Patent Ear-Drum. A. J. Harvey, Hampstead,: Some two or three weeks since I saw in some paper, I think the Sunny South, something said relating to the patent ear-druin. Desiring to call the at tention of a friend thereto, I failed to find the paper. If such has appeared in your paper, please inform me to whom I may apply for such an article as patent ear-drum. Unless you could give us the date of the pa per we could not find it without a great deal of trouble. But by writing a letter to onr dis tinguished oculist and ear-doctor, A. W. Cal houn, M. D., you can get all the information you wish doubtless on that subject. Questions. J. J. R., Worsham, Va.: Please inform me through the columns of your excellent paper the meaning of Ches nut Bells, also Progres sive Euchre, and how it is played. What are snow shoes used for. Chestnut, is a slang phrase, and means an old story told over, or we have heard that be fore, and as to the “Bell” it is but an addition, instead of saying anything, it means to hush up, we have had enough. Progressive euchre is played with four at a table, and after play ing a few games, if more than one table is used, two from one table go to the other, and swap partners, to give interest to the game, and the more the tables, the more the interest in the game. It makes all sociable and ac quainted at a party. Snow shoes are made to walk on the snow, very large and strapped to the feet. Look at your dictionary for the word, and in Webster’s unabridged, you will see a cut of a snow shoe which gives you a correct idea of the shoe. Silk Cocoons. S. A. R., Waynesboro, Miss.: For the question column of Sunny South, Mrs. S. A. R., Waynesboro, Miss., please tell me if there is any money in raising silk cocoons for sale in the South. I would like to hear from all those who have been engaged in the business if they found it profitable, and tb whom they sold? How much per pound they realized for their cocoons? As I have gone to some ex pense in putting out last spring 100 silk mul berry trees imported from France for the pur pose of going into the silk raising; and have silk worm eggs enough for a large crop this year, would like to know if it can be made profitable before I go to further expense, as I have become discouraged from hearing diferent reports of its not being a profitable business here. I kindly ask all who have and are engaged in raising silk cocoons for sale to let me hear from them soon through these columns, of their success in silk raising. Write to Paterson, N. J. No one makes a regular business of silk raising in the South that we know, though there may be, ask your merchants for the names of the diferent silk factories in the United States. As we said write to Superintendent of Silk Factory, Pat erson, N. J.
