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About Weekly constitutionalist. (Augusta, Ga.) 185?-1877 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 31, 1866)
tOeeklg Constitutionalist BY STOCKTON & CO. OUR TERMS. The following are the rates of Subscription and Ad vertising in the Constitutionalist : Wkeely—3 Months $ 75 6 Months 1 50 TERMS FOR ADVERTISEMENTS: $1 per Square for Ist insertion, and 75 cents for each additional time. Special Notices will he charged 25 per cent, on the above rates. [From the Richmond Enquirer. Snfferings of Prisoners—Who is Responsi ble? The following is one of the few things writ ten from a Northern stand point, that pretends to do justice to the truth of history touching the late war. It refers to the sufferings of the late prisoners of war, and only pots the blame where it justly belongs, and where history will blazon it. We overlook the epithet “ rebels,” and even “ hardened rebels,” in deference to the justice which sees and acknowledges and proclaims the indisputable fact that the Federal prisoners in the South were sacrificed by their own government , on a cold calculation, and as a military stratagem. They refused to exchange, because the barter of man for man would help the less numerous party, by diminishing the disproportion of numbers. They refused to take away their sick, because to leave them in the South would help to consume our scanty stores of medicine and of food. It was a very sound, but very satanic policy. When the in evitable consequences befell their prisoners they sought to divert attention from their own atrocious deed, by charging the as our deliberate act. Aided by the prejudices of their people, they have imposed the fraud upon thf'm; so that many of the purest and best men at the North are still under the im pression there was actually a systematic attempt to starve the Federal prisoners. Southern peo ple may treat this opinion with contempt; but it is nevertheless widely prevalent, and, very naturally, excites the indignation of those who cherish it. It constitutes, indeed, a great ob stacle iu the way of reconciliation. It is im portant, therefore, in the interest of peace, that the truth on this point be exhibited to the world, in connection with the extraordinary tact that, notwithstanding the excess of North ern prisoners at the South over Southern pris oners at the North, yet, according to statistics published by the Federal authorities, a greater number of Confederate soldiers died in North ern prisons than of Federal soldiers in South ern prisons! Honest people, whether North or South, must endeavor to get at the truth , and circulate it, though it may criminate some whom they would like to consider innocent, and exculpate others who have been thought most guilty : THE BOTS IN BLUE WHO DIED IN PRISON. Some lines on the above subject in a Phila delphia paper some time ago, attracted my at tention. I have quoted from them in the an nexed verses, which, with the notes, may assist in throwing light on a subject of vast impor tance, and greatly misunderstood : Full fifteen thousand men. The brave, the good, the true, As captives died in prison pen, “ They died for me and you !” And shall not truth’s indignant tongue Declare who did this grievous wrong t On many a bloody field, They stood ’gainst leaden hail; And though at last, constrained to yield, Their spirits did not quail; They safely passed their battles through, And yet “ they died for me and you.” They pined for home, sweet home, And for their daily bread ; Alas I assistance did not come. And now—they’re with the dead ! E’en hardened rebels felt their grief, And yet could furnish no relief I The rebel leaders durst Not do what we have done ; Though many hearts with anguish burst At tales from “ Anderson For still they let our brave men share Their own coarße food and scanty fare. The sad tale must be told ; The brave, the true, the good. While we were busy coining gold, They died for want of food I Those fifteen thousand boys in blue As victims died—“ for me and you.” - The rebels In their need, Once, twice, and yet again, D j d all that they could do to plead For justice to these men ; But deaf, alas ! the Nation’s ear. The people’s servants would not hear. Even Darts felt their grief, And sent his message forth, By prompt exchange to grant relief To prisoners South and North. And why. alas 1 was not this done ? There was no heart In Washington I The rebels gave us To send down loyal men,* Men good and true, who might receive Aid for that prison pen; And tend the suffering inmates there With a whole nation’s love and care. But no! these gallant men Were left to starve and die, That Northern banners might again ’Mid Southern breezes fly; And bold recruits might rush to save Their comrades from a prison-grave. A wise, sagacious move 1 A stroke of policy I Bo called by those who know not love, Or human sympathy. But ah 1 those noble boys in blue— Their blood now rests on “me and you.” The rebels, pinched and pressed, Offered to send them hornet Without exchange— you know the rest, For home they did not come! Our ships could not be spared to save Our soldiers from a Southern grave I Who did such grievous wrong, In that sad, gloomy hour f Men who were anxious to prolong Their influence and power. Who cares for fifteen thousand men, If we the helm of State retain t Bow down, mv soul, in grief, Before the God of Heaven: We failed to grant our men relief That rebels would have given ! And so those soldiers good and true, Died of neglect from “me and you.” Too late we feel their woes, Deluded now no more : But withering blight shall rest on those Who kept those men in store. As capital, to aid their sehemes, And realize ambition’s dreams. Adown time’s steepest path Their names with scorn shall go. The object of a Nation’s wrath— Those ministers of woe ! They killed the fifteen thousand men, Who perished In that prison-pen 1 *ln January, 1864, the Confederates proposed AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 31, 1866. to allow the Federal authorities to send their own surgeons to look after the health and com fort of the prisoners at the South. It was pro posed, also, that these surgeons should act as commi :saries, and distribute whatever either the United States Government or private bene volence should furnish. Os course, the Con federates would have desired a similar oppor tunity for their surgeons to minister to South ern prisoners at the North. The United States authorities, however, never gave any reply to the proposition; though the war continued for more than a year after it was made. tin August, 1864, when the mortality was increasing at Andersonville, the Confederates offered to give np from ten to fifteen thousand men unconditionally except that the United States authorities were to send for them. After a delay of three fearful months—the most sickly of the year—they did send, and took away thir teen thousand, leaving in their place three thou sand Southerners who were even more squalid and sickly than the poor fellows they took home. [Correspondence of the London Daily News. Schamyl, the Circassian Chief, Takes the Oath of Allegiance to the Emperor of Russia. * St. Petersburg, September 21.—Schamyl, the captive Circassian chieftain, lias taken the oath of allegiance to his Imperial Majesty. The circustance under which such a change was brought about in the haughty prisoner are de scribed as follows in the Russian Invalid: It will be remembered that after fighting against the Russians for twenty years, Schamyl was taken prisoner in 1859, at the capture of Gunib, and sent thence, with his family and a few re tainers, to reside at Kaluga, a tow.i in the cen tral part ot Russia. The consideration which was shown him from the first by bis.victors made a deep impression on the uncivilized mountaineer, who had expected nothing short of decapitation. His reception by the inhabit ants of the town to which he was banished still further softened liis heart, and one by one his Asiatic semi-barbarous fears and prejudices were removed. At last even he was honorably received by the Emperor at Chuguieff, at a cavalry review. Struck with the magnanimity and condescension of the Czar, so different in his bearing from Asiatic potentates, Schamyl there and then confessed that his heart was fairly won, and that he only awaited an oppor tunity to give proof of his sincerity and grati tude. At last, only a month ago, a great sorrow came to disturb the serenity of his advanced years—bis favorite daughter, Nalisato, died. The Emperor having been informed of the sad event by telegraph, at once dispatched an officer, who was charged with the conveyance of the body of Nefisato to her native Caucasus. Thereupon Schamyl addressed the following autograph letter in Arabic to the Emperor : Thou, great sovereign, hast vanquished me and the people subject to me, by force of arms; thou, great sovereign, hast spared my life; thou, great sovereign, hast subdued my heart by thy beneficence. It is my sacred duty, as a decrepit old man,loaded with thy favorsand vanquished by thy magnanimity, to instil into my children a sense ol their obligations toward Russia and her lawful rulers. I- have enjoined them to cherish feelings of everlasting gratitude toward thee, O, Sovereign, for all the favors which thou continually heapest upon me. I have enjoined them to be true subjects of the Czar of Russia and useful servants of our new country. Ren der, O, Sovereign, my old age tranquil by or dering that I should take au oath of -llegianee to thee, together with my children. lam ready to take that oath publicly. I call upon Almighty God and Ills great Prophet Mahomet to witness my sincerity and the purity of my thoughts, and I record my oath on the most holy Koran, be fore the not long chilled body of my best-loved daughter Naflsato. Vouchsafe, O, Sovereign, to grant this my most earnest prayer. The Emperor had, of course, no objection to receive the Inman’s oath of allegiance, which must infallibly have an important effect on the Mussulman population of Circassia. Accord ingly, on the 26th of Atigust (7tli September) last, Schamyl and his sons, Kasi-Malioma and Mahomet-Shati, swore fealty to the Emperor and his successors in the great hall of the As sembly ol Nobles at Kaluga. The Marshal of Nobility having addressed his new fellow-subjects in terms of welcome and congratulation, Schamyl replied in Arabic al most in the same terms as those used in his let ter to the Emperor. The ceremony terminated with a luncheon (“zakuska”), at which Schamyl made a speech, thanking the inhabitants of Ka luga, through their Mayor, for the kindness with which he had been received in their town. Loyal Laurels Withered.—Lately a num ber of members of the New Jersey Legislature waited upon the daughter of Gov. Jack Hamil ton, the Texas renegade, at Trenton, New Jer sey, and tendered her the thanks of the loyal people of that State for her heroic conduct in rescuing from rebel bands the flag of the Fourth New Jersey Volunteers, which had been cap tured by a Texas rebel regiment in battle. Then the dispatch goes on to say : “ Miss Hamilton carried the flag secreted in her riding habit many miles, and then bid it away until, at the close of the war, she could return it to the State authorities of New Jersey. The Speaker, on behalt of the Legislature, made a congratulatory speech, and was respond ed to by Governor Hamilton on behalf of his daughter. The members ofthe Legislature were then introduced to Miss Hamilton as they pass ed.” It appears, however, from good Texas author ity that the flag was captured in Virginia during the war, and sent to Austin, and there deposit ed in the Capitol with other trophies. When Miss Hamilton’s father was Provisional Gov ernor after the war was over, and she could go where and do what she pleased, she performed the daring exploit of taking away this flag from the Capitol and carrying it to the North, when the Governor made his celebrated exit from the State under a military escort. Death from Fear—ln a late French journal we find narrated the particulars of an Interest ing case of death from fear, just prior to an op eration for lithotomy. Had chloroform been administered, it would, probably, have been re garded as the cause of death. Th • patient was a distinguished veterinary surgeon of Bordeaux, about sixty years of age, of good constitution, and endowed with great force of character. He had suffered long from disease of the bladder, which, upon examination, was found to contain calcula. At first it w,s hoped that he would be relieved of this by a different operation, hut his surgeon M. Cazenave, ascertained that it would he necessary to have recourse to litho tomy. Os this last operation the patient wag known to entertain a great dread, hut, never theless, be at once gave his consent to its per formance, while retaining, to all appearance, his habitual calmness. The patient having been placed in position, and the operator about to begin, but as yet not having even touched his patient, the fatter who had exhibited entire calmness and serenity during the preparations, was ol (served to become pale and faint, and in the course of ten minutes, in spite of all that was done to revive him, he died. The Catholic Plenary Council. The great Catholic Plenary Council composed of the Hierarchy, or principal sub-heads ot the Catholic Church of the United States, which has been in session for the past two weeks at the Baltimore Cathedral, closed its sessions, so far as the public are concerned, Sunday, with ceremonies of a grand and impostug charac ter. As early ns B}£ o'clock A. M., several hun dred members of the Association had assembled in the vicinity ot the Achiepiscopal mansion, on Charles street, where they formed in line, faeing iuward on Charles, Mulberry ami Cathedral streets, to the door of the Cathedral. There were over seven thousand spectators present. As the procession moved slowly along, a scene of solemn grandeur, never before equalled iu this country, was witnessed by the assembled thousands, all of whom seemed solentuly im pressed by tlie display. As the procession passed to the Church the following hymns and psalms were sung: I'em Creator Spirittts, Ave Maria Stella, psalm lxxx, Rejoice to God, psalm Ixxxiii, How lovely are Thy Tabernacles. The scene at the church is said to have been almost indeserihahle. President Johnson was present, and every available seat was occupied by prominent citizens who are pew-liolders in the church, the main aisles filled with white robed priests, .the sanctuary with gorgeously dressed bishops and archbishops, the numerous golden crosses, gilded mitres, the richly draped and ornamented altar, the lighted candles, and the grand music of the choir, made the scene at once grand, solemn and singularly impres sive. A pontifical high mass was then cele brated, the officiating clergy wearing white vestments. The celebrant was Rev. J. M. Odin, Archbishop ol New Orleans, assisted by Rev. Mr. Goudet, assistant priest ; Rev. James Gib bons, A. M., deacon, and Rev. Mr. Sequerrier, sub-deacon. This being a pontifical high mass, the celebrant robed himself in the presence of the bishops and congregation, which is only doue in this case. This formula and ceremony seemed to the uniniated to comprise an almost endless series of singular forms. The Right Rev. Archbishop Spalding, of Baltimore, Apos tolic Delegate nnd President of the Council, oc cupied a seat beneath a sort of canopy on the left, supported on either side by the Very Rev. H. B. Coskery, Vicar General, and Rev. Dr. J. McCaffrey, of Baltimore. Rev. Dr. McNicrney was tlie Master ot Ceremonies, assisted by Rev. Stanislaus Ferte, of Baltimore. At tlie conclu sion of tlie mass, an antiphon and psalm were sung by the celebrant, aided by tlie choir, when the following prayers were repeated, the amen being repeated solemnly by all the prelates. Crying to Thee from our inmost hearts, O Lord, we together beseech Thee, that strength ed by Thy grace, we may become fearless her aids of the truth, and he aide to speak Thy word with all confidence. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Ac. Amen. Almighty and eternal God, who has promised in Tliy sacred word, that where two or three come together in Thy name, Thou wouldst be in the midst of them, graciously be present with us, and mercifully illumine our hearts, ttiat we may not stray from Thy bountiful goodness, hut may follow the straight path of Thy justice in all things. Through our Lord, Ac., Ac. Amen. O God, who providest for thy people with mercy, and rulest them with love ; give the spirit ol Thy wisdom to those on whom Thou hast conferred the right to rule ; so that the sanctity ot the flocks may lie the everlasting joy of the pastors. Through our Lord, Ac., Ac. Amen. The prayers over the reverend celebrant as cended the altar accompanied by his attendants, and after burning incense in the thurible sang the gospel from the eighteenth chapter of St. Matthew, accompanied and supported by the choir and prelates. The Te Drum was next in toned by the Arch Deacon, which was contin ued by the clergy. At tlie conclusion of these ceremonies, which attracted the most marked interest on the part of the congregation, the Rigiit Rev. Archbishop Kendrick, of St. Louis, <fellver« and an impressive sermon, from the sev enteenth verse, tenth chapter of Bt. Luke's epistle to the Romans, reading: “ Faith then is by hearing, hut hearing by the word of God.” Tlie speaker argued that the priests nnd pre lates of the Catholic church were the inherit ei'B through the Holy See at Rome, the succes sor of him whom God had given power on earth. The Catholic priest speaks not in his own name, but in the name of that body of which he is a member, with authority from one who lias received his authority from Jesus Christ. The speaker continued at some length in support of the theory advanced, and was listened to with marked attention. After the intoning of the Veni Creator Spin tus, the acts and decrees of the Council were read in Latin, by the Rev. Archbishop Spalding, and in response to a question all the reverend prelates approved of the same, and proceeding to the grand altar, appended their names to the official document, which will be sent to Rome and he submitted to His Holiness the Pope, for approval. This ceremony, which occupied over one hour, being concluded, the Fathers pro ceeded to chatmt the “ Acclamations,” as a pro fession of their faith in the Church, nnd of their good will toward brethren, and of their best wishes for tlie health and prosperity of our country, and the welfare of their fellow citizens. These Acclamations were quite lengthy, and were rendered most beautifully in a grand, al ternate vocal chant by the choir and the Holy Fathers. These ceremonies having virtually ended the last public session of the Second Plenary Coun cil of Baltimore, the Most Rev. Archbishop Spalding donned the customary robes for the purpose, and repeated the Apostolic Benedic tion, dispersing the vast audience who retired, when the procession was again formed, and proceeded to the Archbishop’s residence, sing ing as they moved along: Psalm lxx—Shout with Joy; Psalm xct —Sing Te to the Lord ; Psalm xeix—Siug Joyfully to God. Religious Courtship.—A young gentleman happened to sit at church in a pew adjoining one in which sat a lady, for whom he had con ceived a sudden and violent passion, and was desirous of entering into a copartnership on the spot; but the place not suiting a formal declaration, the exigency of the case suggested the following plan: He politely handed his fair neighbor a Bible, open, with a pin stuck In the following text, (Second Epistle of John, fifth verse :) “ And I now beseech thee, lady, not as though I wrote anew commandment unto thee, hut that which we had from the be ginning, that we love one another.” She re turned it, pointing to the second chapter of Ruth, verse tenth : “ Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou should;! take knowledge of me, seeing that lam a stranger ?” He returned tlie book, pointing to the thirteenth verse of the Third Epistle id John, “ Having many things to write unto you, 1 would not write with paper and ink, hut 1 trust to come unto you, and speak face to lace, that oor joy may he full.” From the above iuterview a marriage took place 'the ensuing week. Mexico. STORMING OF MATAMORAS. Combined Alatck of the Allied Forces—Failure of the Expedition, tic., sc. PREPARING FOR THE ATTACK. Brownsville, Texas, Sept. 85.—The forces under Major General Ilenyo Josa and Brigadier General Ford, of the Mexican army, have join ed, and are in camp near Matamoras, os well as a junction of forces, under Cortinas and Orevi na, which are said to be marching this way.— When the organization shall have bacn com pleted, they will at proceed to attack Cannles, who is busily engaged in making preparations to receive them. To-day Captain Osborn, ofthe Mexican navy, made a formal demand for the gunboat Chinnco from General Brown, commanding the United Stales forces here. The General, who has evi dently committed several serious blunders 111 connection with tlie Green Bay question, in formed Captain Osborn that he should continue to hold the Chlnaeo until ho received instruc tions from higher authority. General Ford also requested that arms should he surrendered to him, which was also re fused. There can he but little question that if Brown had released the Mexican gunboat that Cuplaiti Osborn would have run the fire of the forts of Canales and joined the military forces, nnd, to gether, they could have operated to a decided advantage. Captain O. lias had 100 much ex perience under Admiral Farragut in rumiing batteries to have hesitated for an instant to ruu those of tlie usurper Canales. Yet it Is not Im probable that before daylight to-morrow the le gitimate Liberal lorces will march upon the | city of Matamoras. | A norther Is blowing, and everything scorns j propitious for the success of tlie undertaking. I llenya Joso’s forces already hold some of the outer forts, nnd both parties have thrown out strong pickets. A large guard is stationed at the ferries, and a chain of sentinels extend along the river hank from Santa Cruz down so Casa Mata, an old casemated fort near the low 21’ landing place. It cannot be long before something decisive turns up. ABORTIVE ATTEMPT AT THE CAPTURE OF MAT AMORAS. New York, October 17.—Brownsville (Tex as) advices to September 24th give an account of an attempt to capture the city of Matamoras by the American corps under command of Gen eral Ford, assisted by the gunboat Chineco, Captain B. Osborn. The object Whs to release General Tapia, the legally appointed Governor of Tamaulipus, a prisoner in the hands of Ca nales, tlie usurper nnd commandant-of the city and pretending Governor. The troops were to seize tlie treasury nnd pay themselves. The command consisted of about 175 Americans and 30 Mexicans, well armed, and the reinforcements from citizens nnd Texan volunteers should have swelled the force to three hundred, the whole to he supported by the gunboat Chineco, mounting one twelve pounder rille and u smooth-bore howitzer, which had no crew except eight men detailed to work the guns. Though Captain Osborn deemed the vessel totally unfit for actual ser vice, tic consented to act with the parly. GUERRILLA OPERATIONS. i It is stated that 2,838 men, intended as the '■nucleus of guerrilla parties in the interest of : Santa Anna, have left within a week for New Orleans and Havana. It is expected that more will leave during the coming week, chiefly by way ot New Orleans. GEN. BROWN RELIEVED. Brownsville, October 2.—Gen. Sedgcwlek has relieved Gen. Brown in command of this sub-district. Captain Osborn has made another formal de mand for the gunboat Chineco, hut up to the time of closing his letter has received no reply. The whole matter will probably he referred to Washington. Hcnyo Josa, Cortina, Flores, and Ford will attack Matamoras to-morrow night, probably. A FEARFUL BTOIIM. At tlie time of starting, a fearful storm pre vailed, and a gunboat was driven against the I Mexican hank, becoming Immovable. She was 1 finally got off and returned to her former posl- , tion; AN UNACCOUNTABLE PANIC. 11l the meantime, the troops advanced and j seized the Plaza, the Department Headquarters, ■ the Custom House, und were storming the jail, ! when, from some unaccountable cause, an order j was given to fall hack, when the troops retreat- , ed on the double quick for the gunboat, where ' Gen. Ford was lying ill. Tlie troops were cm- i harked, and the gunboat steamed to a position j directly opposite Brownsville. The shopkeepers at Santa C'ruz furnished the troops with liquor, and they became grossly in- | toxicatcd and uncoiitrojahle. The enemy gath- ■ ered on the shore, and Capt. Osborn cast off the ; lines and headed for the American bank. ANOTHER UNSUCCESSFUL ATTACK. Gen. Henyo Josa also afterward made an un successful attack on the town, and his force is now encamped with Gen. Ford. New York, October 17. Private letters dated Monterey have been re ceived by prominent merchants in this city.— The Liberals were very confident of success, and were continually receiving monitions of war, and as they advanced were obtaining the necessary founds for carrying on the war. At the time of writing the French were retreating, Instead of advancing. Brownsville letters to October 3d have also been received. Gen. Tapia was still in the vicinity of Matamoras. The attempt made by the Americans, who were in the service of the Liberal Government, was to [dace Tapia In power. Canales hag issued so/nany pronnnclamcntos in support of his monte bank, that the mer chants of Matamoras are leaving os fdn as they can get away. Tapia was in great favor among the merchants and ail prominent citizens, and, as he is sup ported by Juarez, he will ultimately he put In power, and Juarez will stand by him to the last. It Is said Captain Knapp, of the lost steamer Evening Star, had not been in service for two years until lately, in consequence of a perpetu al dread that his wife hod that some accident would happen to him at sea. This supersition of foreboding grew so strong, and took such a hold on the lady's mind, (hat her entreaties at Inst gained Captain Knapp’s consent to give up a sailor’s life about three years ago. For two years he led a retired life, hot the necessity of providing for his family obliged him to return to liis old profession. The Richmond Whig.—The proprietors of the Richmond Whig newspaper advertise their establishment for sale ; privately until the 22d day of November, or if not sold in the interim, at public auction on that day. VOL. 24. NO. 44. [ From the Baltimore Gazette. Oandia. The Island of Candia, lying south of the Grecian Archipelago, where the Egean Sea enters Into the Mediterranean, has a wonderful history. In the old Greek mythology U was tlie fabled birth place of Jupiter, and the scene of his amours with the Phoenician Princess Europe. Here also the celebrated Minos, whom tradition asserts to have been a son of Jupiter, ruled wisely and well, two generations before Paris, the son of King Priam, of Troy, carried off from Sparta the beautiful Helen, the wife of Menelaus and thus became the cause of tho Trojan war. It was in Candia, likewise, that Theseus, o4.Athens, is said to have threaded the intricacies of the Cretan Labyrinth, and assisted by Ariande was enabled to kill the dreaded Minotaur. Coming back from the siege of Troy, Idomeneus, the grandson of Minos, was expelled by his subjets and took refuge in Italy. For n long period subsequent to tills, tradition is silent ns to who became the rulers of the Island; but, small as it was, its hardy and euterprlsing Inhabitants are said to have flourished greatly ; to have founded many fair cities, and to have been us renowned In war as they were treacherous iu policy and untruth ful in speech. Rather more than half a century before tho Christiau era the Homuus took possession of Candia and held it for nearly nine hundred years. In 823, tlie year in which the founda tions of the present English monarchy were laid by the breaking up ot the Saxon Hep tarchy, and nine years after tlie death of Char lemagne, the Saracens seized Candia; held It lor nearly a century and a half, and then were driven out, in 901, by the Greeks. Two lmu dred and forty years later, when Constantino ple wns wrested from the Greeks by tho Franks, with the assistance of a Venetian ar mament under that famous Doge whom Byrou has celebrated as the “blind old Dandolo;” Candia was given to the Marquis of Montserrat for Ills services on that occasion. This is the same Conrad of Montserrat whom Scott, per haps unjustly, lias Bince consigned to everlast ing infamy in liis romance of the Talisman.— Richard Cnaur do Lion had received a mortal wound iu front of the Castle of Chuluz, five yijjirs before liis old enemy took possession of the new principality, lie did not hold it long. A few months later he sold Candia to the Ve netians, under wliose.benefleleiit sway it flour ished for more than lour centuries. In 1045 tho Turks undertook to reconquer tho Island. In the course of the next three years they he selged and Captured the towns of Canea and Rotirno, and in 1669, whet) Charles 11. was King of England, and whilst London was still black with the ashes of the Great Fire, they obtained possession of tho city of Candia, tho capital, after a siege which had lasted for twen ty years and is lamous in history for Hie ob stinate valor with which the defense wus con ducted. The Venetians, after making almost super human exertions to maintain their position, surrendered the [dace nnd abandoned the island to tlie conquerors. From that period until the present day Candia has remained in the hands of tlie Muhoinedans ; hut the population, which at one time is said to have numbered a million of souls, does not now much exceed two hun dred thousand. The native Greek inhabitants have never yielded a willing allegiance to tho Turks, while over tho Sphnklotcs, a hardy Greek tribe, Inhabiting the valleys and gorges ot the Sphaklote mountains, along the south western const, the Turks have not been able, at any time, to exercise any jurisdiction whatso ever. Ever since the Greek revolution, which broke out in 1820, and which resulted In estab lishing, In 1829, the Independence In Greece, the Candlans have attempted at Intervals to throw otl’the Turkish yoke. In 1821 they re volted ; but after a bloody struggle the Turks wore victorious mid the Insurrection wns sup pressed. in 1830, by tho intervention of tho Great Western Powers, Candia was transferred to Meheinet All, tlie Viceroy of Egypt, iu consid eration of the losses sustained by him at the battle of Nuvarlno. In 1840 It again became a part of the dominions of the Ottoman Empire, and In 1841 and 1842 tho entire Island was once more the theatre of rovolt. The stringency of Turkish rule was the pretext for the rising; hut it cannot he doubted that an ardent desire to ho annexed to, and to share tlie fortunes of the new kingdom of Greece was the predominating motive. After a series of bloody conflicts the insurrection failed. In 1858 It broke out again, mid wns again put down by the sword. A mild er rule wns then instituted, mid the Cmnllans may he said to have lived until now in a state or merely nominal dependence on the Porte.— But the hereditary hatred of the Turk und the desire to lie incorporated with the kingdom of Greece, Joined to tho intrigues which it is be lieved have been set on foot on the part of Greek mid Russian emissaries for the purpose of affording new pretexts for a war with Tur key, have made the present rising fur more for midable than any Unit preceded it. Arms and muidtloi sos war from flic main land have been furnished to the insurgents, and they are also said to have been Joined by rein forcements of men both from the mainland and the Islands of the Archipelago. At the same time, there has been troubles in Smyrna, on the Danube, In Roumania, In Montenegro, and also In Syria, where the feud between the Druses and the Maronite Christians has broken out again with apparently Increased vigor and fe rocity. Simultaneously with this revival of the old antagonistic spirit between the Mussulman and the Christian, the cry has gone forth that Turkey is again in evil plight, and whilst King George of Greece Is eager to take advantage of the assumed weakness of his neighbor to extend the territorial limits of Ids own little kingdom, Russia is craftily watching the symptons of “ the sick man ” and waiting with ill-concealed impatience a favorable opportunity to adminis ter to him the coup de grace. A Confederate soldier’s grave is Included In the Federal cemetery, at the junction of the Fort Harrison road with the Williamsburg Turnpike. On the headboard Is the following inscription : “A. A. Moore, Cos. K, 4th 8. C. V. Killed October 7th, 1864." The Ladles of the Memorial Association will, we understand, cause the remains of this dear soldier to he removed and buried in the Con federate cemetery under their charge. It gives us much pleasure to state that the officers of the United States Burial Corps have made the most kind and generous communications on the subject, and have behaved with a courtesy and feeling that are warmly appreciated. “ A touch of nature makes us all akin,” and the In terchange of humane civilities over the graves of the dead Is eminently calculated to bring to gether the hearts of the living. The Southern people are never slow to respond to an amiable exhibition.— Richmond Ent/uirer. Personal.— Longfellow has finished his translation of the Divine Comedy, and is still preparing the notes and illustrations. The whole work will appear In a few moDtbs, prob ably. Uis “ Flower de Luce” Is in the bindery.
