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HENRY COUNTY POLITICS.
The Abbeville (Ala.) Advertiser says:—
“New3 has reached us that there is a report
jfi circulation in Barbour county, on account
of which there is some rejoicing, that our late
election in Henry county turned upon the
popularity of Col. Shorter, the Conference
Bill, &e. Now we will assure all parties con
cerned that such is not true. Every candi
date in the field for any office in Henry coun
ty at the late election, are decidedly opposed
to the late Conference Bill, and no one more
so than the friends generally of Michael
Holmes, our Sheriff elect. We stand almost
as a unit upon that question. Whenever it
becomes necessary for the citizens of Henry
county to show their hands upon the question
of the Conference Bill, we are fully satisfied
that she will roll up such a majority as will
cause the strong men who supoorted that
measure to “repent in sack cloth and ashes,”
for that miserable subterfuge.”
Yes! and Henry county is not the only
county in Alabama that would have condemn
ed the nefarious Conference Bill, had the test
been applied. The people are beginning to
see that the whole thing was a most iniquitous
fraud upon the South, and all they now want
is the opportunity to condemn it in terms
which the perpetrators thereof cannot misun
derstand. That the Southern members who
voted for it intended to commit a fraud upon
their section, we are not fully prepared to be
lieve, but the overweening desire to either
perserve or build up national party organiza
tions blinded them to the true interests of
their section, and they suffered themselves to
be cajoled and wheedled into supporting a
measure which bartered away the rights of
those they misrepresented. But the most fa
vorable construction that can be placed upon
the matter shows the Southern supporters
of the iniquity to be unworthy of the further
confidence of their constituents, and we be
lieve those constituents will supply their
places with others more worthy, when the
time shall come to do so.— Columbus Sun.
Hon. A. B. Wright Endorsing Douglas !
Rome, Ga„ Aug. 23, 1858.
My Dear Sir: Your letter is at hand. I
was glad to hear from you again, and from
the metropolis. It is very strange that any
Democrat should desire Mr. Douglas’ defeat.
There is not an impulse of my soul that is not
with him in his contest with the Black Re
publicans. Douglas is a true man to his
country. The difference about Lecompton, I
regard as a difference-about facts —not prin
ciples. W e all agreed the people should form
their institutions to suit themselves. The
question was, had they done so in the Le
compton constitution ? We who supported
that constitution said they had ; Mr. Douglas
said they had not. We said the people had
ratified it; Mr. Douglas said not so—the peo
ple were against it. Who doubts, thatknows
Mr. Douglas, if the whole action of Kansas
had been regular and legal, and free from
fraud, ihat he would have voted for her ad
mission, notwithstanding there might have
been slavery tolerated therein ?
* * * * Mr. • Douglas is almost the
only very prominent Democrat North that has
never faltered. Yours, truly,
Augustus R. Wright.
Dr. C. P. Culver.
From the State Press.
Mr. Editor :—What is the duty of an edi
tor? Is it to mislead the honest, unsuspecting
citizen ? Is it his duty to tell the people, or
rather so write as to leave the impression that
he writes the whole truth, and at the same
time designedly suppress the important fea
ture of the whole facts ? Will you allow me,
through your columns, to inform the Georgia
Telegraph of this fact, that the true Democrat
of Illinois is not compelled to choose between
Douglas and Lincoln. The Telegraph ought
to have known better. I think he knows that
the political position of things in Illinois pre
sents no such extremity. The Telegraph of
the 24th ult., ought to have been /<(/-candid,
aud told the people of Georgia there were
three candidates for United States Senator in
Illinois, to-wit: Douglas, the anti-Leeompton
candidate, Lincoln, the Black Republican can
didate, and Breesc, the Lecompton and Ad
ministration candidate—the candidate of the
true Democracy of Illinois. Douglas sternly
and successively opposed the South and the
admission of Kansas under the Lecompton
Constitution, Lincoln did the same thing, but
Breese defended the Administration, and as
sternly favored the South and the admission
of Kansas with the Lecompton Constitution ;
and, to-day, this moment, he is contending for
the great doctrine in Illinois, that a Slate may
and shall be admitted with or without slavery.
Why did the Telegraph silently pas3 the name
of Breese by ? Breese is a gallant fellow, for
he stood by his country ; he is no traitor to
his word ; he stood by the South in her ex
tremity, and for that he is offensive to the po
litical olfactorii sos the Telegraph.
Quitman.
Correspondence of the Philadelphia Press.
Washington, Aug. 27, 1858.
Ono after the other of the leading Demo
crats of the South takes ground in favor of
Douglas. Mr. Speaker Orr, of South Caroli
na, not having the fear of the Charleston Mer
cury before his eyes, does not hesitate to ex
press this preference, and thus indirectly to
rebuke the course of the Washington Union.
In due time we will have puch men as Hen
ry May and R. M. McLane, of Maryland,
taking the same ground. The attacks of the
Uuion upon Senator Green, of Missouri for
daring to say that he prefers Douglas to Lin
coln, are anew evidence of the insanity of
that paper. More than one-half of the South
ern papers, including the chief organs of the
Democratic party, have taken this ground;
and they will not abandon it before the thun
der of the Union.
The most extraordinary canvass of the day
is that, now making by the well-known “Tom
Corwin’’ in Ohio. lie is said to be over six
ty, but is still full of vigor and body of mind.
While strongly opposing the Lecompton poli
cy of Mr. Buchanan, he takes high grounds
against sectionalism, rebuking the Abolition
ists with much ferocity, and terrifying the
factions by his fearless rhetoric. As yet he
has no opponent in his district, and js ex
pcctod to be elected almost by acclamation.
The most dangerous phase that the opposi
tion to the Demoeracy can assume is unques
tionably that of nationality. It may he the
best, in the long run, for the country, when
such ideas as “no more slave States’’ .ire giv
en up; but the Democracy must close up
ranks, and frown down all proscription, be
fore such a transformation of their old adver
sary. Occasional.
Wawtg.
HOW THE CABLE SUCCEEDS.
Avery natural but not a reasonable impa
tience is manifested at the delay in opening
the Atlantic cable for public use ; the com
mon idea being, that to place the instruments
in connection with the wire is all that is need
ed to bring the whole apparatus into effective
operation. We are enabled to speak with
some degree of authority in saying electricity
is passing through the cable without the
slightest impediment, and with perfect regu
larity: and that the rapidity with which elec
tric signals are transmitted, is fully equal to
the speed obtained in the early experiments
with wires on laud. Whatever difficulty arises,
arises from the retardation of the current in
passing through such an unprecedented length
of cable, —the insulation being more complete
than before the cable was immersed. The
effect of the retardation is to prolong the sig
nals so that one is merged into another ;
and the great object immediately in view is,
to ascertain the precise volume of electricity
aud power of battery requisite for tho most
effective working. The act of cutting off the
current is [instantaneous, but not so the
transmission of each instalment of fluid ; and
caution must be exercised lest the residue of
one shall be overtaken by another, and the
whole mingled in confusion. The “practice”
in which the electricians arc engaged, is aptly
compared to experiments in gunnery, whore
the amount of powder, length of bore, and
distance of the target, have all to be consid
ered. When, as in the present case, all for
mer experience is of little avail, and with no
logarithms or differential calculus for refer
ence, it is easy to conceive that difficulties
may be presented which demand the most pa
tient investigation. We are assured that in
struments are known to exist which are better
adapted to the objects in view than any here
tofore employed, and it is also probable that
higher scientific attainments may be brought
into requisition than have been hitherto ap
plied to the subject. Withoutdoubt, the exi
gencies of this new field of scientific exploits
might have been more readily met, and the
movements of the company been more rapid,
had the groat objects to be attained been
placed before tho savans of all nations, for
their competition. It would well comport
with the character of thejenterprisc, had it
represented, in the construction and arrange
ment of its parts, thecombined intellect of the
world.
In perfecting an agency on which such mo
mentous results depend, considerable time
can be reasonably allowed. Openingtlicline
for a single commercial despatch, for exam
ple, would entail the necessity of opening it
for others, and thus greatly embarrass those
upon whom the duty devolvos of carrying the
work forward to a triumphant completion.
Tho expectation has been prevalent that the
line would bo in readiness for daily transac
tions about the first of September. We be
lieve the Directors in this city do not regard
this event as impossible; though it seems
more likely that several more days will be re
quired. The tariff of charges which has been
agreed upon for the transmission of messa
ges, is understood to be one dollar for each
word, including the signature and address. —
This charge is adjusted partially with refer
ence to the limited capacity of the wire,—the
alternative being presented of making high
charges, or having the line choked with busi
ness far exceeding its capacity to excute.—
N. T. Journal of Commerce.
From the Chronicle <fc Sentinel.
LETTER FROM THE COPPER MINES.
Ducktown Copper Mines, Aug. 20, 1858.
Mr. Editor I arrived in this very inter
esting mining reg'on yssteiday, and found
its dozen copper mines in full blast—giving
employment to several thousand persons, and
direct and incidental support to more women
and children than probably any other country
of like extent on earth. Each mine is a dis
tinct community, with its school, church, and
all the collateral attachments of a well regu
lated mining establishment. Several have
smelting furnaces, which reduce the ore to a
motte or regulus of from 50 to 70 per cent.
This is crushed and packed in boxes, and wag
oned to the railroad, thence to Baltimore,
New York, or Swansea, in Wales, where it is
sold.
A good furnace will reduce 5000 pounds
per day. The most of the oar now worked is,
obtained near the surface, at from 50 to 100
feet, is termed by the miners “black oxide,”
but is ratherja vitrious bisulphret, containing
from 10 to 20 per cent.—sometimes from 30
to even 40 per cent, of copper. The green
carbonate is found in considerable quantity
at two of the mines. The snperincumbent
part of the vein is a hydrated oxide of iron,
(limonite,) and at a greater depth, varying
from 150 to 375 feet, they find beautiful spec
imens of the yellow sulphret, which will ul
timately afford all the workable ores. Most
of the mines are conducted on the strictest
principles of modern science—the miners are
men of enlarged practical knowledge, ob
tained in the best regulated mines in Europe.
All the operations have assumed a fixed
character and steadily progress till in a few
more years it will equal any section on the
globe for its immense mineral productions
and enlightened scientific system of develop
ments and onward march.
It is now far in advance of outward public
opinion with regard to its progress iu the
arts and its moral condition. In a popula
tion of some 6000, divided into over half a
dozen communities, I saw but one man intox
icated in two days, which speaks highly of
its inhabitants, and clearly surpasses many,
if not all of our older towns and villages.
At the Iliwasse mine, they have a Masonic
Hall and a Printing Office ! The latter re
cently established, under tho ownership and
supervision of W. P. Collins, whose industry
and enterprise can’t fail of securing a liberal
patronago from a people who evince so much
interest in the development of all the resources
of their country. M. S,
Escaped Jail. —Revel, who was convicted
for murder at the last torm of Crawford Su
perior Court, and transferred to Clinton Jail
for safe confinement, contrived on Sunday
morning last to open the inside door of his
cell, where he stationed himself until the Jail
or opened the front door to present him his
breakfast, at which moment prisoner present
ed a bowie-knife and Revolver, and tumbling
the Jailor overtax'd, made for the swamp,
where friends vmh horses were waiting his
arrival, and have since escorted him to parts
unknown. The Jailor received no material
damage from tho unijallant salute.
Clinton Jail is one of the strongest in the
State, the walls, floor and ceiling having been
erected out of heavy, solid smooth granite
ashlers, at a cost of near ten thousand dollars.
—Albany Patriot,
THE STATE BOAD.
Wo learn from the Atlanta Intelligencer of
the Ist inst., that the treasurer of the State
Road, Benj. May, Esq., has paid into the
State Treasury $33,000 for tho month of Au
gust. This amount added to previous pay
ments makes the round sum of $150,000 paid
into the State Treasury within the past six
months, commencing with the first of March
last. A considerable fund has been reserved
to purchase new Iron, for such portions of
the track as require relayingj on account of
the worn condition of the iron. We learn
from authentic sourcos that the Road Bed is
in fine order and condition. For some time
past about 300 hands have been employed up
on the repairs and are yet engaged in that
service. At Chattanooga a magnificent Pas
senger Depot is in process of erection. The
work is being conducted by a civil Engineer
and put up by hands in the immediate em
ployment of the Road. The expenses of this
work are paid monthly, as well as the wages
of all laborers employed on the Road, and all
current expenses aud debts of the Road. It
is the settled policy of the Administration
that no new debts shall accumulate. All the
payments into the State Treasury, have been
made from the Kelt earnings of the Road, and
from no other source.— Augusta Dispatch.
Late and Important News from Yenezu
la—Laguayra and Porto Cabcllo Blockaded.
—By the arrival of the schooner Peerless,
Capt. Patterson, at Baltimore, from Porto
Cabello, in the verv quick passage of thirteen
days, wo have received the following highly
important advices:
‘On the 12th inst. the British steam frigates
Buzzard and Tartar, and a French war steam
er, name not known, under command of Capt.
Peel, of the Buzzard, Blockaded the port of
Laguayra, taking captive a large number of
small coasting vessels anchored therein, and
on the 14th, 10 A. M., the same fleet block
aded Porto Cabello, likewise capturing a num
ber of coasting vessels. Atthelatter portthore
were thirteen sails taken. On the approach
of the war steamers the shipping was desert
ed by their officers and crew, most of them
jumping overboard and swimming to the
shore from their vessels that were anchored
in the port. Capt. Patterson states that tho
blockade was caused by the government re
fusing to give up tho person of Gen. Mona
gas.
A Rich Estate. —The estate of John Law
rence, of Watertown, England, is of immense
value, consisting of millions of dollars, in the
keeping of the English government. Notice
has been given to their heirs to come forward
and prove their identity, and we learn that the
claimants, as heirs at law, are John B. High
ton, Thomasßrane llighton, Mehitaljlo Ed
wards, and Mary Cone, all of this State. We
are also inforfned that our indomitable and
energetic citizen, Levi S. Russell, Esq., has
already gone on, with evidence proving the
heirship of the above parties, to this vast es
tate. The evidence was taken before the Or
dinary of Bulloch county, in conformity to
the Amendatory Statute of England, and an
original record connected with the ease was
made in the year 1804. We learn that the
proofs in possession of Mr. Russell, together
with the record evideuee, are positive, in fa
vor of the heirship of those parties. “We most
heartily wish Mr. Russell success in his un
dertaking.—Savannah Morning News.
Ticket Suits. —The Buffalo Advertiser
says that various suits have been brought
against the New York Central Railroad Com
pany, by persons who have been forced to
pay extra fare, or have been ejected from the
cars, under tlie new rule limiting the hqjders
of the tickets to a certain length of time.—
That paper say s: —
“It is certainly a queer proceeding on the
part of the company, and we believe grossly
wrong. Tickets are no more nor less than a
contract to carry a person a certain distance,
and the holder is entitled to the stipulated
amount of travel. Someone will probably
thoroughly test the legality of the course of
the Central Company, but, in the meantime,
a stout healthy man would prove himself a
very recreant if he allowed himself to be put
off from the cars for not complying with a
rule inherently wrong. An ejection would
he an assault, and self defence is allowable
under all circumstances where oppression is
employed.”
A Great State.— Western Editors make
much ado over their prolific soils, but after
all there is no soil like Kentucky soil, and no
produce like Kentucky products. While the
press of neighboring States groan over their
miserable prospects for corn, the ciop of this
invaluable cereal has never been so largo in
Kentucky as the present crop promisos to be.
Wo hear of fields in the Blue Grass region
estimated at 25 barrels, or 175 bushels to the
acre, while fields promising 75 to 80 bushels
are quite common. Consequent upon this,
droves of swine from the less prolific regions,
cross the Ohio river daily at this and other
points to be fattened in Kentucky, and the
indications now are that wo shall show finer
and fatter hogs this season than ever before.
—Louisville Journal.
Fungi tiie Producer of Yellow Fever.—
A writer in a Now Orleans paper says there
can be no doubt that the poison producing
yellow fever is fungi diffused through the at
mosphere, just as tho odoriferous particles of
a rose or other fragrant flowers are diffused
through it, and are known by their saluting
our olfactories on approaching them early in
the morning. Those of the night, in this case,
have exerted a solvent power over the flower,
the atmosphere for some distance around be
ing filled with them in fever time. But neith
er chemical analysis nor the microscope is
able to detect these minute particles of mat
tor that make such an agreeable impression
on the senses; neither have they been able to
detect the subtle poison that produces yellow
fever. Whatever, then, may be the cause
producing the fever, one tiling is believed to
be certain, viz; that it is diffused through the
atmosphere, and that whoever breathes a suf
ficient quantity of that atmosphere to imbibe
a cortain amount of tho poison, will have the
disease.
United States military Commission.
Booneville, Aug. 28. — We learn from
Leavenworth, August 26th, per United States
Express Company, that tho Military Com
mission authorised by the Secretary of War,
to adjust certain differences between the
Quartermaster’s Department and the con
tractors who furnished mules for the Utah
expedition, met yesterday at Fort Leaven
worth. Present Major Sherman, Lieut. Col
onel Roberts, and General James. The Board
made two ineffectual attempts to organize,
and its preliminary proceedings w'ere exceed
ingly inharmonious. The question of prece
dence of rank had not been definitely settled
last evening.
KENTUCKY TOBACCO CBOP.
From reliable letters the Louisville Price
Current gleans the following information : In
Boone, Kenton, Grant and Gallatin counties
there will not be over a quarter crop. Breok
enridge county—the growing crop is far short
of last year : more so in size and quality than
in the number of plants. Your correspon
dent has twenty acres planted, on which the
yield will be 200 lbs, per acre lighter than
last year. Henderson county—weather aw
ful. The crop promises to be about three
fourths to seven eighths of an average. Bar
ren county—the crop looks badly. Farmers
think there will not be more than half a orop
this season. McLean county—the crop now
growing will be lighter than last season, and
it is feared the yield will not be more than
two-thirds of last year ; much of it is late
which an early Lost will affect, materially.
Supplies for Utah.
St. Louis, Aug. 28. — The following shows
the number of trains sent out on government
account by Majors Russell and Waddell, con
tractors for supplying the army of Utah :
From Kansas city fourteen trains of twenty
six wagons each, from Leavenworth one hun
dred and five trains of twenty-six wagons
each, from Nebraska territory thirty-five
trains of twenty wagons each. These trains
left previous to the 18th inst. Other trains
are being loaded.
Important Meeting of Railroad Operators—A
New Freight Tariff Agreed Upon.
An important meeting of Railway opt;e
tors was held at Cincinnati on Friday. A'.l
the Principal Railway Companies whore lines
radiate from that city, and their principal
Eastern connection s, were represented. The
purpose of the a*./ting was to establish uni
form rates of freight, and, after mature delib
eration, the following tariff of rates was
agreed upon, which took effect on 25th inst.,
and will continue until further notice, viz:
4th class.; Flour Wheat
$ 100ifc. tp bhl. $ 100 lbs.
From Cinein*i to Baltimore 50 30 45
From Cincin’i to Pbilailelphia...ss 00 50
From Cincin'i to New York 371 65 55
From Cincin’i to Boston 65 100
From Madison, Ind., and Louis
ville, Ky., to Baltimore 60 105
From Madison, Ind., and Louis
villo, Ky., to Philadelphia 65 115
From Madison, Ind., aud Louis
ville, Ky., to Pittsburg. 45 SO
From lud’is to Baltimore 56 90
From Inrt’is to Philadelphia 55 100
From Ind’s to Pittsburg 35 60
The Pennsylvania Central, and Central
Ohio Railroads were represented at the
meeting.
Summer Snows. —The Valparaiso corres
pondent of the Pennsylvanian writes under
date of July 16th :
‘This is mid-winter here, and the weather
very cold and unpleasant. The Andes are
covered with snow. Snow to the depth of
several inches fell in the streets of Santiago
one night last week. The ‘oldest settlers’
unite in declaring that they have never pass
ed through a more inclement winter than the
present. The snow is so deep on tho moun
tains that wild animals are compelled to leave
the mountain gorges, and seek for a milder
climate in the valleys.’
What Cigars are Made of. —The New
York correspondent of the Schoharie Repub
lican, who, it may be presumed, is domiciled
in the neighborhood of the CustOD'l House,
gives the following ; evelation of the compon
ent materials of ‘r< 4 Havana.’ We copy it
for the benefit of those who inhale, or sup
pose they inhale, the fragrant weed. It shows
the doubt which hangs over, not only what we
drink, but also what we smoke :—‘Talking of
cigars, I was told by a Government Apprais
er, a few days since, the following true
story in connection with the cigar trade of
this city : —A large German importing house
had received an invoice of foreign cigars,
which were appraised by the Custom House
officers at $3 per thousand. The importers
were dissatisfied, and asked for re-appraise
ment, which was granted: and under the
most positive evidence, supported by the oath
of the dealers, the cigars wore admitted at a
valuation of $1,50 per thousand. Now, the
evidence alluded to was this—that not a par
ticle of tobacco entered into the composition
of said cigars, hut that they were wholly
composed of oak and other leaves soaked in
a strong tobacco lye. I understand thatlarge
quantities of these ‘real Ilu'-anas’ find their
way into tho interior, and from some exper
ience I have had in that line, I am inclined
to believe that a few specimens might be
found even among the primitive society of
‘Old Schoharie.’
A City in the Air—The Mirage on the
Plains. —Travelers acioss the plains assert
that they have seen on the Noble’s Pass Route,
about thirty miles this side of tho Humboldt
river, tho most wonderful phenomenon that
they think could ever have been witnessed in
any part of the world. It is no less a thing
than a city in the air—completo in every as
pect and concomitant. It is seen in the early
morning, and stands self-poised above the dead
level of a broad and airy plain, which is cov
ered with a light white dust that rises in small
clouds at tho touch of a horse’s hoof, or as
cends in magnificent spiral towers in the
breath of the little whirlwinds that are occas
ioned by the intense heat. Tho line of the
base of the city forms an angle with the line
of the plain, so that the city seems to lean
over towards the earth, and a full view of the
streets and buildings is presented. All tho
streets seem to tend to one point, where they
concentrate, and whence, of course, they di
verge. The architectural beauty and splen
dor of this city in the air are of a character
unequaled by anything upon the face of the
earth. The buildings rise, one after another,
in proud, palatial grandeur, and their tall
towers glitter like molten silver in the sun.—
Clean and perfect was the work of the myste
rious architect who framed those marble-look
ing wonders of tho air. The apparentextent
of the city is about six miles in circumference
and the nearest approximation of the base to
the earth is a distance of about fifty feet.—
Not having seen this phenomenon, of course
we cannot enter into any minute description
of it; we can only give the general idea
which we have presented. We are assured
that the Illusion is perfect—nothing wanting,
whatever, to fill up the picture—a magnificent
city, silent as the bottom of the sea, but glit
tering in the full life of the sunshine, and self
sustained in the heaven. —Marysville (Cal.)
Express.
A clergyman who was reading to his con
gregation a chapter in Genesis, found the last
sentence to be:
“And the Lord gave unto Adam a wife.”
Turning over two leaves together, he found
written, and read in an audible voice :
“And she was pitched without and within.”
lie had unhappily got into a description of
Noah’s Ark,
THE ERASER BIYEB GOLD MINES.
The intelligence from the new gold fields
of the North, brought by the ‘Moses Taylor,’
is not conclusive either in regard to their
richness or extent. In some places the rivers
had fallen and miners were extracting small
quantities of the precious metal; in others,
after waiting patiently for several weeks,
with the delusive expectation that the waters
would subside, the prospect of this event
seemed as remote as ever. There was reason
to believe, however, that in four weeks the
submerged bars in the vicinity of Forts Hope
and Yale could be worked. Judging from
the speech of Gov. Douglas, a part of which
will be found in another column, that gen
tleman, whose competency to judge of the
facts cannot be questioned, believes that gold
exists on Fraser River in the greatest abun
dance. In addressing the miners at Victoria
ho says: ‘This 1 will tell you, as my own
settled opinion, that I think tho country is
full cf gold, and that east and north and south
of Fraser river, there is a gold field of incal
culable value and extent. I have told our
glorious Queen so; and I now tell you so.’
San Francisco papers generally acknowledge
there is abundant evidence of the existence
of gold on Fraser River, hut consider the
practicability of prosecuting mining opera
tions in those high latitudes, whatever the
condition of the river, as a problem of doubtr
ful solution. The San Francisco Herald, for
example, doubts whether profitable work
could be obtained there by auy considerable
number of miners, on account of the inacces
sibility of the country. The ascent of the
river is made with great difficulty, under the
most favorable circumstances ; and it i3 sup
posed that when the river lias fallen, tho
highest point reached will be Fort Langley,
some eighty or ninety miles below the dig
gings. Another discouraging circumstance
is tho failure of the Bellingham trail, from
which large things had been expected ; and
tho route by Columbia River is obstructed by
hosrile Indians. Under tlio3C circumstances,
the discovery of a ne w route to tho upper
Fraser River region, by way of Hcrrisonand
Tillooet rivers and lakes, is regarded as an
event of much importance. A few weeks will
determine with more precision tho value of
the new discoveries which have produced such
a profound sensation throughout tho Pacific
coast.
The Hudson Bay Company have withdrawn
every restriction upon the introduction of pro
visions into the mining region, and seem dis
posed to exercise the utmost liberality in their
intercourse with the miners.
THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD.
Louisville, Aug. 2 —The Meeting of stock
holders in tho Southern Pacific Railroad
Company, called by the President, Doctor
Fowlkes, to meet in this city to-day, organ
ized this morning by the calling of the Hon.
•James Guthrie to the chair, and the ap
pointment of Dr. Shannon, President of the
Christian University of this State, as Sec
retary.
Dr. Fowlkes, the President of tho Compa
ny, read a report to the meeting, the princi
cipal point in which went to show that the
amount already invested by old stockholders
must prove a total loss, unless they consented
to advance further means to rescue the affairs
of the company from their present position,
and to prosecute the enterprise.
The report was, on motion, referred to
a Committee, and the meeting adjourned
to 3, P. M. Jto resolve their report
thereon.
Gen. PersiferF. Smith’s Effects. —A sale
of the personal effects of the late Gen. P. F.
Smith took place at Philadelphia on Monday.
Tho Pennsylvanian says :
The articles comprised 234 lots. A French
traveling cloek brought S4O ; a field glass,
$22 ; another ditto, sls ; a chess board made
from the wood of the flag staff at the palace
at Alexico, $12,50 ; a handsome dress sword
was bought by Gen. R. Patterson for $8 ; a
pair of gold epaulets, containing 54 diamonds,
made in the city of Mexico, were sold to Mr.
E. McCoy for $100; brass mounted saddle,
with appropriate fixtures, was bought by Gen.
Patterson for s7l; a major-general’s hat was
bought by the same gentleman for $7 ; a chess
table, with backgammon board attached,
made of the wood of the fortifications at
Vera Cruz and of the flag staff at the city of
Mexico, and elegantly carved, was sold for
SSO. The principle competition was for a
large military arm-chair, made of wood from
the fortifications of the castlo of San Juan
D’UUoa, at Vera Cruz, which sold for $155.
Tiie Discovery of Steam. —Soloman De
Caus, who was shut up for his supposed
madness in tlie Bricatre at Paris, seems to
have been the first to conceive the ideaof em
ploying steam for moving carriages on land,
as well as ships at sea.
Marion De Lorme, in a letter to the Mar
quis Do Clinq Mars, dated Paris February,
1641, thus described a visit paid to the cele
brated madhouse, in the Company of an En
glish Marquis of Worchester :
“We were crossing the court, and I, more
dead than alive with fright, kept close to my
companion’s side, when a frightful face ap
peared behind some immense bars, and a
hoarse voice exclaimed:
‘I am not mad! I am not mad! I have
made a discovery that would enrich the coun
try that adopted it V
“ ‘What has he discovered?’ asked our
guide.
“‘Oh,’ said the keeper, shrugging his
shoulders, ‘something trifling enough : you
would never guess it; it’s the use of the
steam of boiling water.’
“I began to laugh.
“This man,’continued the keeper, ‘is named
Soloman De Caus; he came from Normando
four years ago to present to the King a state
ment of the wonderful effects that might be
Produced from his invention. To listen to
him you would imagine that with steam you
could navigate ships’ move carriages, in fact,
there is no end to the miracles which he in
sists upon could bo performed. The Cardinal
sent the madman away without listening to
him. Soloman De Caus, far from being dis
couraged, followed the Cardinal wherever he
went, with the most determined perseverence,
who, tired of finding him foreyer in his path,
annoyed at his folly, shut him op in the Brb
catre.’ ”
An Editor Tight. —A Syracuse cotempor
ary was called upon to record a ‘melancholy
event’ at a time when his head was rather
heavy, and did it up after the-following man
nor: ‘Yesterday morning, about 4 o’clock,
P. M-> a man with a heel in the hole of his
stocking, committed arsenic by swallowing a
dose of suicida. The inquest of the verdict
returned a jury that the deceased came to the
facts in accordance with his death. He leaves
a child and six small wives to lament the end
of hjs untimely loss. In death wo arc in the
midsf of life,’
WHITE SLAVERY, NORTH.
The following article is descriptive of a case
of suffering, in New York city, and of the
tyranny exercised by taskmasters and em
ployers, over the poor white slaves, men and
women, of the Northern States, that has no
parallel in the whole Southern Country ! On
ly think of it-ntne shillings per dozen ($1,125)
J'tyr making shirts with plaited bosoms, linen
wristbands, dec.
Work fortheCharitarle. —‘What ! make
shirts for nine shillings a dozen?’
‘Yes, sir : indeed, I can get nothing else to
do!’
‘Nine shillings a dozen ! nine cents a piece!
But how many can you make in a day ?’
‘One, sir, if I have my time ; but I have
my little boy, two years old, and he’s quite
fretful this warm weather, so that I do not
always finish it, unless I can work at
night.’
‘And do you work at night, sewing on
these ?’
‘I would sir, and do so long as I can afford
to; but, indeed, sir what with feeding my
four little oues, I cannot afford to buy cau
dles !’
‘Four children ! Poor woman! I fear you
have a hard task to pay the landlord ! What
rent do you pay ?’
‘Four dollars a month, sir !’
‘And you earn fifty-four centsa week. How
long have you lived here ?’
‘My husband died in March last. He was
a manufacturer of daguerreotype colors.—
We lived up town then. But his long sick
ness consumed what little money he had;
and when he died, I was obliged to sell most
we had in the house, aud come down here,
with my poor little ones.’
‘ Four oldest boy is nine years old ; you can
scarcely earn more then will pay your vent.
How do you furnish food for yourselves ?’
■This young women pays three shillings a
wceek for a part if -ho room. We had a sil
ver-plated teapot, sugar bowl, and such like,
and some spoons. For these I got nearly
their value. I have sold everything 1 had
besides. 1 hare r o move to sell.’
The tears came into her eyes. Poor tiling
she so uld not help it.
‘lndeed, fir, I would not have sent for you
if the sight of rv.y children in rags and hun
ger did not compel me to do so.’
‘Your rent is paid for this month?’ —I
knew it was, or she would r.ct be a tenant of
that landlord—‘Your children began to come
to the school at the House of Industry last Mon
day, I believe, did they?’
‘Yes, sir ; and I’m very thankful for your
kindness to them.’
Send them every day. They shall be fed
and clothed, and when rent-day comes near,
let us 1 now.’
‘God bless you sir.’ A heavy load of care
withdrew from the mind, and a cloud from her
face.
Nine shillings per dozen for making shirts,
with plaited besoms, linen wristbands, and
to be well made! for if a flaw can bo picked
in the workmanship, all the seamstress’s work
goes for nothing.
Do you belh .ait? Itisa fact! W e saw
the shirts to-day. We saw the care-worn
and work-worn mother, and her children.—
We have heard that such facts were plenty.
We know they arc ! Y7ould some chnritab! 1
ladies like to see the same? Let them go to
the House of Industry any day, for ono
hour, and if they do not return to their
homes with the heart-ache, we ara no true
prophot.
Mental Over-Exertion. —Severe or long
sustained thought is injurious, both by the
direct over-excitement of the brain, and by
leaving loss nervous energy available for crr
rying on the ordinary vital processes. Occa
sional strain on tbs mind may be little felt in
health, when the powers of nature are quick
ly restored by food, rest, sleep, and variety
of occupation. In time, however, over-exer
tion of thought will tell unfavorably on the
strongest constitution. Literary men and
others who are subject to constant mental
fatigue are rarely healthy or long-lived ; ex
cept through extraordinary care and prudence,
for which such persons, with all their know
ledge, are seldom remarkable. It is very
common to find hard students and laborious
thinkers, men of feeble or irritable nerves,
and general debility of system. Tho same
wearing effect of the mind appears in the fate
of those who have been precociously clever or
studious. Life is generally short when the
mental faculties are early developed and im
prudently tasked in youth. If life is prolon
ged under intellectual training, it is almost
always in weakness and discomfort. There
are also dangers to health in the opposite ex
treme of indolence and inactivity of mind.—
It is with tho mind very much as with the
body, moderate exercise conducive to health,
while over-fatigue or inactivity are both un
favorable.
An Italian Heroine.— The following is
from an article on ‘Woman Artists’ in the
Westminister Review:
Onorata Rudiano wielded at once the pain
ter’s pencil and the warrior’s sword. She is
quite a personage of romance, and we are
surprised that she never figured in novel or
poetry. Iu her 23d year she had alre#jy at
tained so great a reputation for artistic skill,
that Gambrina Fondola, tyrant of Cremyno,
committed to her care the adornment of his
palace. Onorata would willingly have de
clined this equivocal honor, but the master
would listen to no refusal; and to excite the
anger of a man at once so vindicative and so
unscrupulous, was too fearful a risk. Onor
ata was not destined to labor long in the ser
vice of Fondola. One day, while occupied in
painting the walls of one of the apartments,
a courtier, noted for his dissipated habits, en
tered the room, and offered some unjustifiable
liberties. The young artist indignantly re
pulsed him, and on hisrcturuingtothecharge,
she seized a dagger she always wore conceal
ed in her boddice and stabbed him in the
heart; then rushed from the palace, disguis
herself in man’s attire, and fled to the
mountains, declaring that she would rather
perish in exilo and a wanderer, but pure and
untainted, than enjoy splendor and dishonor
at home. The Marquis was furious ; he sent
soldiers in every direction in pursuit, with or
ders to bring her alive or dead ; but unable
to discover the place of her retreat and find
ing no one capable of completing her labors,
he promised full and entire pardon on condi
tion of her instant return. Onorata, however,
had effected hor escape from his dominions.-
ltetaining her disguise, she obtained admit
tance into one of the companies of Contotti
eri, then infesting Italy, and her warlike spir
it delighted in the independence and excite
ment of her new career ; she refused to aban
don it, and continued to fight and paint al
ternately, for thirty years. In 1172, her na
tive town, Castellione, was beseiged by the
Venetians. Onorata, at the head of her com
pany, flew to its relief; she forced the enemy
to raise the seige, but was mortally wounded
in the conflict, and died in a few days later.
A DINNER IN THE HARAM.
We extract the following article from ad'’
vanced sheets of Mrs. Hornby’s piquant and
interesting work on Constantinople—-“In and
about Stainboul.”
“At the entrance of the dining-room stood
stood two Arab slaves, richly attired. To
each lady, as she entered, one of these held a
beautiful silver bowl, while the other poured
rose water over her bands from a vase of tho
same richly-chased material. Two little
slave-girls presented fine napkins, the ends
embroidered in gold, on which we eaohohook
the rosewater from our fingers. The dining
room was a most luxurious apartment, closely
latticed, for it looked into the streets of Stam
boul, but cheerful, and rich in crimson di
vans and carved and painted flowers on walls
and ceiling. All had been done to make the
cage bearable. Riza Pacha’s haram is, lam
told, one of the most “fashionable,” which
accounted for seeing a European table, adorn
ed with a handsome centre-piece and four
beautiful vases of flowers and fruit, after tho’
French fashion. The dinner service was of
rare and beautiful china; the silver knives
and forks were extremely handsome; the’
servetti delicately fine; the flowers exquisitely
arranged, and mingled with oranges and lem
ons, in the Eastern fashion ; the slaves were’
standing round, three or four deep, awaiting’
our slightest sign : we felt still more in the
land of dreams. First of all, they placed to
each guest a sparkling water! ottlo and glass.
Then a fine china plate containing a flat roll
of a kind of rye bread, ca:led semeet, quite
new and warm, and covered with a small
seed, which, not being a canary or a linnet,
I objected to. Then soup was served—a
great novelty in a haram : it was most excel
lent—chicken and vermicelli. Then came a
di.-:h of pi'.auf, of chicken ai'd rice, (li no
brown. I sat next to the chief wife, on her
right hand; ;;s the slave held the dish, she
pointed out the nicest pieces, begging me to
take them. The fair Circassian sat opposite
to me. I was curious to see if they really
seem id to like the modern innovation of knives
and forks. For tlie first few minutes they
used them—evidently to do as we did; but
the Circassian beauty, failing to secure the
particular piece of ebicken she coveted with
a troublesome fork and spoon, threw those in
competent auxiliaries down, and grabbedsuc
cessfully, and to her entire satisfaction, with
herfingers. Shethen looked at me and laughed,
and showed me how to take a piece of meat
between my fingers, begging mo to eat ala
Turque, which they were all doing themselves,
fast and furious ; and to please them, we ac
cordingly picked a few chicken bones with our
fingers. We had all throe been enchanted
with the fair Circassian, as I have told you,
| with her beauty, her winning, yet lofty man
! ners, and exquisite grace; we had seen her
j smoko, and admired her still; we had even
! forgiven her for loving the barbarous noise iu
i the “concert of music ;” but to see her lick
! her fingers up to the last joint after each
, dish—to see her lick her favorite tortoise
! shell spoon bright, after successive and never
to-be-believed enormous platefuls of sweet
pairakes, daubed with honey, and tarts
too luscious for the Knave of Hearts —this was
too much for Yenus herself to have done
with impunity; we were pcfcelly disenchant
ed long before the feast was over. The rest
were not so had, (excepting Mad. Liston, who
might as well have had a trough at once ;)
but we began to feel rather sick after the first
few dishes were dispatched ; and the animal
missions of some of the ladies began to be
roused by tltoir f. vovito sweets and jellies,
which they tore to pieces with their fingers,
end threw down thoir throats in large lumps.
Tho jester waited at table, presenting tlio
principal dishes with jokes which caused
bursts of laughter from tho ladies and tho
slaves in attendance, who seem perfectly at
home, and on very free and easy terms with
their mistresses, notwithstanding theircom
plete submission to them. The jester
was a wild and most extraordinary-look
ing woman, with an immensity of broad
humor and drollery in her face. We thought
it quite s.s well that wo couldjnot under
stand tho jokes at which the fair Cir
cassian, between tlie intervals of licking her
fingers and spoon, and popping titbits on our
plates, laughed so complacently, and whioh
some-times obliged the Arabs and eunuch.i
at thedoor to dive under the arras to conceal
their uncontrollable fits of mirth.”
[ In Lewis township, Clay county, Indiana,
uavs the Lafayette Journal, they have a sort
of fore.aste of the millennium. It has with
in its lim ts uno hundred and seventy families,
all white e j:ept one, and they keep dark
about it. There are one hundred and sixty
five voters, and during the last twenty years
there has never been a fight or a quarrel at
any election held in the township. It con
tains seven school houses, seven road districts,
seven bachelors, and seven large men ; three
churches, three preachers, three pairs of twin
boys, three fiddlers, three carpenters, three
post-offices, three crazy men, and three men
over seventy-five years old. There is not a
lawyer, doctor, or loafer in it—nor grocery,
nor a pauper. A better, friendlier, happier
population is not to bo found in the State.
Fat Men’s Procession. —The fat people of
Westfield, Miss, have had their celebration.
Near the town is a tremendous hill, several
hundred feet high, called the “Hog’s back,’’
the sides of which are very precipitous. The
top of this hill is a great place for picnics,
when the parties can climb. This hill was
selected as the place for the celebration by
the fat men ; no person weighing under two
hundred and ten pounds being allowed to join
the procession. The following was the pro
gramme for the day :
The Deacon..
Fat men weighing 280.
Fat men weighing 250.
Common Fat Men weighing but 220.
Mortified Fat Men weighing but 210.
THE INDEPENDENT SOUTH
JOB PRINTING OFFICE,
18 aipply provided vith anew and choice selec
tion of the latest styles of Type, for executing
almost every variety of
PLAIN AND FANCY
PlfflfUS;
Such as PAMPHLETS, School and College CAT,
ALOGUES, PROGRAMMES, WARE-HOUSE
RECEIPTS, BANK CHECKS, Business
and Professional CARDS, Letter-
Sheet and other CIRCULARS,
LAW BLANKS,
POSTERS,
Ac. Ac.
All of which will be promptly and elegantly oxe*
cuted, at reasonable rates.
OFFICE immediately opposite Messrs. Ferrill A
Mathews’ Brick Ware-House— up stairs.
Griffin r July 8, 1858.
“Ice! Ice!! leelir
IN store and for sale, next door to L. Shulman A
Bro’s, Hill Street.
J. R. MARTIN.
July 8, 1858. ts-1