About The Fayetteville news. (Fayetteville, Ga.) 18??-???? | View Entire Issue (Jan. 18, 1889)
m ^■v T Hlco Mountains That Aro Beautiful r to See, but Destructive to Meet— ThrUling Experience or the Steamship Arizona. — SADLY ICEBERGS. THEY FLOAT INTO ROUTES OF TRAVEL. needles and pins. apparently overhanging the ship, roae the Shadowy mountain of ’ ice. It was probably (500 feet in width, while its three crowning pinnacles reached an altitude of 75 feet. “My God, men, where were your eyes?” cried the Captain as ho reached the bridge. Ho might have added, where were the deck .officers? tJubsc The positions of ' sunken rocks and reefs have been pretty thoroughly located and charted; but icebergs—these float ing ramparts of ice—have a faculty of ruddy colliding with vessels at a time and in places when and where least ex pected. Off the Atlantic coast they have been mot with in the month of June by vessels as far south as latitude 50 deg. iiO min. north,as southerly comparatively as of a phantom‘three-masted ship as it Aft M TO rft tip ICAA in nn ♦ Tv i n /iaa m f tl*h att hnif a ’ f < i p a ft 41, /, a a fP U a .. quent investigation showed that they had left their posts of duty. Evincing great coolness, the Captain ordered the engines reversed, the helm hard to star board and all hands on deck. In a short spaco of time the ship cleared the berg and “hove to” for the night. The ice,it is said, as it floated away with its three tnll pinuacles distinctly visible against the night sky, presented the appearanco Origin and Manufacture of These Useful Little Articles. Needles Once Made of Bone, and Pins of Thorns. 8an Francisco is on this coast. They have ! faded into the gloom. The passengers, also been encountered as near land as ' grateful for their deliverance from an as COO miles, and this, too, in the month j appalling death,assembled in the saloon, of July. They have been passed by ’ and, when they learned that the good steamers within 500 miles of Portland, ! ship was still water-tight, they fell iipon Maine. j their knees and feelingly offered up their Vessels in the southern Pacific Ocean ! thanks to the throne on high for the have similar dangers to contend with. Itj mercy so graciously shown them. Then is a matter of murine history, that in the i the hymn: “Praise God from Whom all year 1851', the good ship Indian Queen, Blessings Flow” was sung. Never, while on her way from .Melbourne, Aus- J possibly, was it rendered with more im- tralia, to Liverpool, England, with a pressive earnestness. Bobs mingled cargo of wool and gold, suffered a disas- j with the chant, and tears tilled the eves ter of this kind. It was the first day of of strong men. April. The Indian Queen was scudding; A careful inspection of the fore-liold along under full sail at a speed of eleven showed that the water-tight bulkhead or twelve knots. Suddenly all hands ; extending athwurtship just abaft of her were aroused by a violent shock, followed bows was all that saved.her. The breach by the crash of falling spars, and a caused by the collision was twenty feet frightful grinding along the vessel’s i long by thirty feet deep, but the bulk- side. The Queen was found to be lying head was fortunately uninjured. The broadside to an iceberg of immense pro- I following morning the Arizona headed portions, and to have suffered serious for St. Johns, Newfoundland, which damage. Only the mizzen mast remained I harbor she reached in safety that (Sutur- comparatively "Uninjured. The bowsprit! day) night. —Han Francis o Chronicle. was lopped off and hung useless at the side.* The foremast, snapped off at the deck, swung to and fro supported by the rigging. Nearly all the spars and sails above the lower masts were g.one. A A Philadelphia Hercules. Philadelphia can boast of a modern Hercules in the person of George Sopt- majority of the crew, who believed the man. a giant in muscle and stature, lie ship would not long continue to float, stands 6 feet 4J inches in his stockings, took to the boats and left tho passcngeis measures 50 inches around his chest and to their fate. But the vessel did not! weighs 275 pounds, scarcely an ounce of sink. Bhe was still whole, and the sec-! which is superfluous flesh. Mis propor- ond mate, assuming command, spread tions are admirable, and he has amazed what sail he could. Amid the intense many an athletic expert by his displays anxiety of all aboard the ship cleared the of strength. Soptman recently paid’a berg and stood on her course. No one ; short visit to a gymnasium on Arch but the passengers of that ill fated vessel street and gave an exhibition of what can ever know the pain, the agony, the j he could do. The pupils eyed him doubt,which they experienced from that, curiously when he picked up the 10U- hour on—the watchful days and sleepless , pound dumbbell and twirled it between nights—while tho Queen labored slowly his lingers as a dude might do with a on in her crippled condition,contending bamboo cane. When he stretched out with a stress of wind and sea. Bhc was i his arms aud a-ked all who possibly headed for Valparaiso, South America, j could do so to jump on his ha k, arms, the nearest port, which she reached in j shoulders and head to take a ride, eight safety after forty days of prayerful, ago- : sturdy and strong men complied with nizing suspense. | the request, and, holding on to his ears, The reader familiar with seafaring, hair and collar-button, they bore their will, no doubt, recall many instances of i weight upon him. lie carried tbfem ccidents at sea, directly attributed to without much difficulty, and the gym- uch cause as so nearly resulted fatally j nasts who saw the performance were al- the Indian Queen. It is not so long i most inclined to think contemptuously jo, but that the incident is still fresh in of their own comparatively puny phy- :ho memory of two continents at least, siques. the fine steamer Pacific of the Col- I Not satisfied with this the young giant litre was lost on her trip from Liver - | went to’the strength-testing scales and •1 to New York. No trace of her was ' pulled up the 20uO-pouud weight with r found. Those who hud friends und i ease- He then wrapped two straps latives on tho ill-fated ship were slow around his shoulder and back, aud fusten- abandon all hope, but they were at last ing the ends to 3300 pounds of iron, he ■ced to Ihc conviction that tho vessel. ; calmly raised the weipht and look a ith its captain, crew and foity-five pas- j promenade around the hall with hislond. sengers, had perished. A collision with As his last act, instead of wrestling-with one of these insidious ice foes is sup-j a Numean lion, as Iiercuies of mytliologi- posed to explain her loss. j cal fame, did, he caught hold of a bear, The year in which the Pacific was lost j which a friend had expressly brought, was a memorable one in marine annals, i and hugged the animal so hard that it It was in that year that the ship John i grunted for mercy. Soptman has yet to Rutledge was lost also by collision with j perform seven more difficult tasks, and an iceberg. She struck the ico on a j then he will pose himself as a modern February morning, and her crew and i Hercules and the hero of twelve un passengers, numbering P2U souls took to ! paralleled feats of strength.—Philadel- the boats as the vessel was rapidly going • phii Record. to pieces. All perished save one man named Nye. He was picked up by Cap tain Wood of the Germania. The boat in which he was found was filled with lifeless bodies; tho other boats were never heard from. Nye’s story of their experience after abandoning the Rut ledge, the. exposures and hardships they endured till relieved by death, tossed about in an open boat on an angry, tempestuous sea, amid fields and bergs of ice, was most thrilling. An escape from imminent death which was a near approach to the miraculous was that of the 300 souls aboard of the steamship Arizona, which struck a huge iceberg when three days out from New Ycrk city. The Ari/.oua was bound for Liverpool via what is known as the northern route, which skirts tho New foundland coast on the south. It was November 7, 1879, and Friday—that ever unlucky day of the week. The gen tlemen passengers were in the smoking- room, where they had formed an in formal auction and were selling pools on the steamer’s run. The Indies were congregated in the saloon whiling away the before-bedtime hours with song and conversation. At 9 o'clock tho captain retired^ and left the ship in charge of the officer of the watch. The heavens were overcast, but it was not by any means a dark night. The weather was, and had been for some hours past so fair as to justify a feeling of safety in run ning the ship at full speed. Ten min utes after the captain left the bridge the vessel, making an average of fifteen miles an hour, plunged “held on” into a mountain of ice. Trembling violently from stem to stern she quickly recoiled, but only for a moment, when she again made ap onslaught upon the invincible foe, but this time with diminished force. The bows were crushed in as though they were but egg shells, and great masses of ice were forced into»thc gaping wound which tho noblo ship sustained. The passengers su ilercd a severe shock. In the saloon tho ladie3 were in the midst of a sea ditty when the shock came, and all were thrown violently to the floor. Pool-seflling in the smoking-room was suddenly and peremptorily postponed. On deck a scone of wild confusion and dismay prevailed. Groups of passongers, struck dumb with fear, huddled to- Guntcmala Emulates the United States James R. Hossmcr, Secretary of American Legation at Guatemala, ha9 been in that country for eighteen months, having been appointed to that post while in the legation at the Court of St. James._ He says the republic imitates the United States to a large extent in the system of government, but votes directly for President instead of for an Electoral College, and lias but one legis lative body, termed the assemblage. The President has great admiration for the American school system, and the In stitute Nationale is based upon the edu cational methods in this country. Guatemala is counccied with the coast by an American railway, and another American railway runs twenty-eight miles into the coffee district. Coffee is largely exported in three grades, tho first going to London, the second to Ham burg, and the third to the United States. Half a million pounds will be exported this year. Very little sugar is sent out of the country. Cacao is largely produced, and mixed with chocolate, makes a de licious beverage whicli'is in great favor. The republic is at peace with all neigh boring nations. There was much in terest among government officials as well as among the Americans resident there in tho election in the United States.— Ch icago Ne ws. The Mystery of Baldness. Tho most plausible view among many doctors was that baldness was especially liable to follow the woaring of a tight- fitting hat, the blood vessels being con stricted and the scalp deprived of the necessary supply of blood. But this view has been controverted by a fact brought to light about the Parsco3 of India. Tho ParseeB are compelled to keep tho hoad covered during the day by a hat so tight as to crease the scalp, and possi bly the akull, and at night they wear a skull cap; and yet not one of them has been known to be bald. The Orientals say that worry causes the hair to fall, and it may be true in some cases. The .state of health naturally affects the scalp, but the fact remains that no special cause can be given for baldness. — Chicago Herald. From the earliost times of which wo hovo any record, some variety of nccdlo has been in uso among all people who clothed thomselves with fabrics or fasbionod garments from thoskins of beasts. Originally they woro made of bone or ivory, out of which uncivilized tribes still rudoly form them; and they probably lacked the eye altogether. The next needlos woro of bronze, made soon after tho discovory of that onco so useful metal. Towards tho end of the fourteenth century, steel was used for their manufacture at Nuremberg, and somewhat later thoso of Spanish make were widely celebrated. More than two centuries ago tho Ger mans bogan to makes them in England; Redditch in Worcestershire and other small towns in Warwickshire being tho centros of thi3 indmtry. For a long timo tho work was purely domostic in character, but with the introduction of machinery it was transferred with many othor household arts to manufactories. Redditch still supplies most of tho needles used in Europe, tho British Colonies and the United States, al though tho Fronch make them by moro simple methods. Tho English articlo is of far better quality, however, and easily loads in all markets. Though a very small thing, the needle is a product of nearly 100 different workmen. Coils of wire are first clipped into pioces by largo shoars fast ened to the wall. Each of these is the length of two noodles. They nro first straightened, then pointed on small, revolving grindstones at both ends. The centres aro flattened and a groovo made on either side with a small inden tation where tho cyo is to be placed. This is done by a stamping machine for which each piece must bo separately ad justed, lut a skilful operator can stamp 2000 wires or 4000 needlos in an hour. Small hand pressos, worked by boys, are used for making tho eyes. Tho lengths aro separated by bending backward and forward after which the heads are proporly shaped by filing. A hardening process ensue?, which con sists in placing them on iron plates, bringing them to a red heat, then plunging them into cold oil, after which they aro heatod again, but to a loss de- groe, and moro slowly coolod. They must then be scoured in a machine with soft soap, emery and oil. In this thoy are rolled back and forth for fifty or sixty hours; the process continuing seven or eight days for thoso of best quality. Imperfect ones must bo removed, all the heads placed in one way, brought near enough to a red-hot iron plate to produco a blue film upon them, which indicates proper temper, and then carefully drilled to smooth tho interior of tho eye. A small, rotating stono serves to finish tho points which are thon polished on a wheel. This con cludes the making, but counting, fold ing into papers, and labelling follow before they are ready for exportation. There are many kinds of needles, some of which for coarser upholstery and leather work domand much less care in their manufacture. Some needles woro mado in this coun try during the Revolution by Jeremiah Wilkinson, of Cumberland, Rhode Is land, who used for this purpose wire drawn by himself. The high prico thon charged for thoso articles was his incentive for tho work, which has never been carried on to any extent in the United States, although somo timo prior to 1860 Chauncy O. Crosby of Now Haven invented a machine that could convert raw wiro into needles at the rato of 150 por minute. Pins of some kind have also been in use from earliost timos. Long thorns onco served this usoful purpose, and probably suggested the painted splints "which woro mado by many people and used even in England to the middle of tho sixteenth century. Others were made of gold, silver, or brass, but most of the better kinds were brought from tho continent In 1626 pin making was introduced in Gloucester, ten years later in London and afterward in Birmingham, which has sinco become the contro of this aud similar industries. Soon after the war of 1813 tho man ufacture of pins was undertaken in this country by somo Englishmen at tho old State prison of Now York. At that time a paper of pius, owing to inter rupts trade, could not be bought for less than a dollar and they were by ne means so good as, those wo get now foi a few cents. The enterprise failed, however, as it did in 1820 when tried again with the same tools. In 1824 a Yankee invention, by Lemuel W. Wright, was patented in England foi making solid-headed pins; but a fail, ure of the company resulted in its sale to a London firm who sold tho first pins with solid heads ia 1833 Ojo year earlier John I. Howe of New York patented his new machines in this coun try, but they were not set in operation until 1836. Most of these machines mado what were called “spun heads,” but one was changed to mako solid headed pies, which were sold in Now York at a dollar a pack. In a lew years similar changos were made in the remaining machines and only solid hca Is manufactured. —[Chicago Satur day Herald. Why tho Primrose Blooms at Night. Our evening primrose does not bloom in the dark hours for mere sentiment and moonshine, but from a motive that lies much nearer her heart. From the first moment of her wooiag wolcome she listens for murmuring wings, and awnits that supreme fulfilment anticipa ted from her infant bud. For it will almost invariably bo found that those blossoms which open ia the twilight have adapted themselves to the crepus cular moths and other nocturnal insects. This finds a striking illustration in the instances of many long tubular-shaped night-blooming flowers, like the honey suckle and various orchids, whose nec tar is beyond tho reach, of any insect except the night-flying hawkmoth. It is true that ia other lcs3 deep nocturnal flowers the sweets could bo reached by butterflies or beos during tho dny if tho blossoms romainod open, but the night murmurers receive the first fresh invita tion, which, if mot, will leave but a wilted, half-hearted blossom to greet tho sipper of the sunshine. This beau tiful expectancy of the flower deter mines the limit of its bloom. Thus, in tho ovent of rain or other causes pre ventive of insect visits, the evening primrose will remain open for tho but terflies during the following day, when otherwise it would have drooped per ceptibly, and extended but a listless welcome. I have seen this fact strik ingly illustrated in a spray of mountain- laurel, whose blossoms lingered in ex pectancy nearly a week in my parlor, when tho flowors on tho parent shrub in tho woods had fallen several days before, their mission having been ful filled. In the hou e specimens the radiating stamens remained ia their pockets ia the side of tho blossom cup, and socmed to brace the corolla upon its receptacle. These stamens aro naturally dependent upon insect agency for their release, and tho consequent discharge of pollen, and I noticed that when this operation was artificially con summated the flower cup soon dropped off or withered.—[H irpcr’s Magazine. A Bank With a Culinary Department! Down in the basement at the north- wost corner of tho First National Bank \ Building is a small kitchen and dining room. These rooms are right ia the | mid-t of th8 groat vault?, and any one : who passes through the alley any time ' during the morning can sco white- ' capped cooks laying tho foundation for ! pie3 and moro substantial dishes. Such ' a sight through the heavi'.y-gratod ■ windows which protect the troasure of tho institution is rather astonishing to the passer-by, but this kitchen and the 1 dining-room adjoining are important parts of tho bank’s machinery. There ■ are 150 clerks at work in tho various departments up-stairs, and, beginning at 11.30 a. m., they go, in squads oi ten, to tho dining-room below for their lunch. This is kept up until 1.30 p. m. The arrangement is a saving all around. It saves the clerks the money thoy would otherwise bo obliged to pay out in restaurants, cs the bank serves the lunch, and it saves the bank much of the time of its clerks, which would otherwise be fooled away on the out side.—[Chicago Herald. A Reporter’s Stenography. Mr. Tupper, a Now Y’ork reporter, has a queer way of taking notes. The fact is, he does not take any—ho simply makes rough sketches of tho faces of the speakers at a meeting or the per sons he interviews. Then ho goes to th« oflico, looks at his picturos, and every word that was spokon at the meeting, or in the interview at once comes into his mind and ho proceeds to write it out. Tupper has no memory, fh the ordinary sense of tho word. His pic turos aro his notos and without them ho can do nothing.—[Atlanta Consti- 1 tution. | SCIENTIFIC SCRAPS. It is the overworked boiler that causes many accidents. They have discovered anew way of making a bonfire at Virginia City, Nev. Bricks are soaked in kerosene for two days,after which they will burn bright ly for more than ao hour. Several recent explosions aro traco- ablo to the fact that the fireman’s cyos were not good enough for him to really be able to see the state of tho gauge, though bo thought he could report oh it perfectly. The length of tul"C3 employed in the pneumatic postal dispatch ia Berlin is about 30 miles. Tho number of letters, card and local telegrams forwarded by this system in 1887 was 934,000. Tho cost of construction has been $750,000. As tho best method of water-proofing soldiers’ clothing, the Belgian govern ment has adopted dipping tho goods ia acetate of alumina and then drying in the air. Tho clothing is not injured, and is said to offer no obstacle to pers piration after treatment Professor Langley finds that a very faint light may bo perceived in abeut half a second wjiilc an ordinary bright light requires only about half that in terval and that the samo amount of energy may produce at least 100,000 limes the visual affect in one color that it does in another. The lightning-fi ish is generally sun- posed to have a duration of much U53 than the one-one-hundred-thru andth part of a second, but Trauvelot has ob tained photographic results which indi cate that it may last several seconds. On a 9low-moving plate a flash was im pressed as a broad ribbon-shaped band. Gum on trees of any character is but the waste cells of the trees, given a dis charge upon the surface by the power that constructs a tree. When the sub stance is very mobile or thia it is an oil, when it is so contracted as to be solid it is a resin. There are all conditions of the substance from an oil to a resin. The relation between cold weather and various diseases has lately been elaborately studied and discussed by Dr. Henry B. Baker, Secretary of the Michigan State Board of Health. His results, published in Science, show that diphtheria, scarlet fever and smallpox are largely controlled by meteorologi cal conditions. Dr. Baker finds that diphtheria is most frequent in autumn and winter, accompanying somewhat, in its rise and fall by seasons and bv months, the fall and rise of the temper ature and the rise and fall of wind ve locity. Comparatively little attention wa3 given by the medical profession to tho treatment of sprains till in 1870 or :871, when Sir James Paget urged the inves tigations of the subject and tho institu tion of scientific methods in the matter. Dr. Wharton Hood afterward pub lished in the “Lancet" on account o. the methods followed by the profes sional bdhe-sotters of the public, which, with somo blunders, were attended with considerable success. A full treatise on the subject has recently been published in London by Dr. G. W. Mansell Moulin. This author recommends a treatment chiefly hydro pathic, with the avoid&nco of such lotions and liniments as arnica and rhus toxicodendron; an accurately measured rest, followed by moderate and careful movements, and suitably adapted massage. Swarming Butterflies. Several species of butterflies have been known to swarm in immense num bers at certain periods, but in the United States, so far, only one sp>ecies has attracted particular attention in this way. It is the Arcliippus butter fly, and is of a bright orange-red marked with black and creamy-white. It ranges from Canada to South America, and is one of the most com mon species in the Mississippi Valley. Before obtaining its wings, it feeds on the milk-weods, where it may be found as a large worm or larva, beautifully marked with black, white and yellow, and having four long, slender horns, two at each end. In August, 1880, I first saw this but terfly in swarms. Two swarms, each containing hundreds of individuals, were flying, only a few miles apart, in the valley of the Minnesota river, both going eastward in tho railroad clearing through heavy timber. Such swarms aro apt to cccur at almost any timo from April to the last of October. They never fly very far without scatter ing, and this probably accounts for the few notices we see of them outside of entomological publications. — [Prairie Farmer.
