Newspaper Page Text
THE JACKSON ECONOMIST.
VOL. VS.
Cuba is Transferred
To Our Government
Stars sml Stripes 'May Float Oyer Mom Me,
tlie Governor General's Palace in Havana.
7
and Over All Public Buildings.
THE FORMAL CHANGE
YESTERDAY AT NOON
Ceremonies in the Salon of the
Palace Brief, Simple and Cour
teous —There is no Display of
Over-Rejnicu. jar on the Part of
the Victors, Pat the American
Flags are Cheered By Thous
ands of the Natives —The
Spanish Officials Break Down
and Weep.
Havana, Jan 2, —The American
iiag is today floating over Morro
Castle, tlie governor general’s pal
ace in Havana and all public
buildings in Cuba. The change of
sovereignly was made at noon
yesterday with brief but impress
ive ceremonies.
The formal transfer was made
in the salon of the palace, and the
ceremonies consisted in an ex
change of speeches, at which time
the Spanish flags were hauled
dow r n, the stars and stripes run up
and the two flags saluted. No
crowds were permitted to congest
iu tne streets, especially in front
of the public buildings, but on the
house-tops in ihe neighborhood of
each place where the flags were
hundreds of people, and the Amer
ican flags were loudly cheered as
they were floated to the breeze.
Guards Enter Tne Plaza.
At 9 o’clock a guard composed
of the Second battalion of the
Tenth infantry marched into the
Piaza de Armas, undor command
of Captain Van Vlite, and formed
around the square. Captain Gen
eral Castellanos watched them
with interest from the balcony of
his apartments as they entered the
Square and were stationed at all of
the streets approaching the plaza.
No one'was allowed to enter with
out a pass, and all the doors of
the palace facing the square were
ordered to be closed,
With the guard was the baud of
the Second Illinois regiment,
whiqb had been selected for the
occasion. With the band were
the buglers of the Eighth and
Tenth infantry. The weather was
warm, the sun bursting at inter
vals through the light clouds, and
the soldiers in blue who were
forced to stand in the sun found
the heat oppressive. The troops
were formed m extended order
around the square, three pacts
apart, and the baud was massed in
front of the palace entranco across
the street at the edge of the park.
Brigadier General Clous, the
m ister of the day, at 10:33 o clock
issued instructions to the officers
who were to take charge of the va
rious departments of the govern
ment at 12 o’clock, Colonel Dud
ley was assigned to the depart
ment of justice, office of the secre
tary of the captain general; Major
WINDER, JACKSON COUNTY, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 5, 1899.
L. W. V. Kennon, adjutant gener
al of the department, to the de
partmentof commerce and agri
culture; Colonel T. U. Bliss, of the
commissary department, to the
treasury ; Captaid Frank B. Han
na. assistant adjutant general to
the department of public instruc
tion. and Colonel Duuwoody. of
the signal corps, to the public
works department. Each of these
officers was instructed thus:
‘ On the tiring of the last gun of
the first twenty-one at noon you
are to go to the place assigned you
and demand possession of the ofTne
ill the name of the United States.”
Tkesa orJers were given under
the arcade of the palace. Each
officer had with him a Cuban inter
t
preter, a group of whom stood by
clad in dark clothes and wearing
silk hats.
In the carriage nearby were the
American flags which were to be
raised at various points.
Cuban Generals Present.
At 11:10 Major General Wade
and Major General Butler, of the
American evacuation commission,
arrived from El Vedado 011 horse
back, accompanied by their staffs.
They were met by Brigadier Gen
eral®Clous and Major T. Bentley
Mott, of General Ludlow’s staff.
About the same moment Lucien J.
Jerome, British vice consul, ar
rived. He was warmly greeted by
the American officers.
Major General John R. Brooke,
governor of Cuba, and Major Gen
eral Ludlow, governor of the city
of Havana, accompanied by their
staffs, arrived at the half-past 11
o’clock in carriages, General
Brooke and General Adna R.
Chaffee, General Brooke’s chief of
staff, in the first carriage.
In tajh of the other carriages
rode a Cuban general with Ameri
can officers.
The Cubans were Generals La
cret, Mario Menocal, Mayia Rod
riguez, Serafin Sanchez, Jose Mig
uel Gomez, Nodarte, Rafael de
Cardenas, Agramete and Tidal and
Colonel Vaiiente. ,
As the carriages drove up the
second company of the Thirty
eighth Spanish infantry, under
command of Colonel Don Rafael
Salamanca, presented arms and
the American band started up
with “The Stars and Stripes For
ever,” the Spanish colonsl salut
ing.
At 11:45 Major General Lee,
military governor of the province
of Havana, with his staff, joined
General Brooke. The latter then
crossed the rtreet to the palace,
General Lee on one side of him
and General Chatle on the other,
followed by the other Americm
generals and the CubausVore dark
blua uniforms, brown felt hats
and gray gloves and they carried
machetes
Spaniard Presents Arms.
A flourish of trumpets greeted
the procession aud the Spanish
troops presented arms as the
Americans entered the palace.
The Cubans remained outside un
til escorted in by members of
General Brooke’s staff, the Span
ish soldierly remaining all the
while at “present arms,” As soo r.
as all were withiu the Spanish
troops formed columns of fours
and marched around the right side
cf the plaza to the docks, while
the baud of the Second Illinois
volunteers p- vyed the “Spanish
Royal March.”
On entering the palace the
American generals went to the
3alon facing the plaza, which is on
the second floor. It is a lofty
chamber decorated with mirrors of
doep gift frames, white satin drap
eries and the scarlet arms of Spain
over each door and window, Ho-e
were gathered two members of i h •
captain general’s stall. Colonel
Gel pi, Lieutenant Colonels Belled,
Girauta and Bonitas, Major Prie
go, Captain Ritent and Captain
Adolfo and Ramon Castellanos,
sons of the captain general.
Captain General Castelianos was
at this time in a private room olf
the throne room, He had given
a farewell breakfast at 10 o’clock
to the members of his stall and
had spent the rest of the morning
virtually alone, looking at the
Americans from the balcony. The
Americans now grouped them
selves near a large mirror between
the two central, windows, the
Spanish staff being on the right,
while on the left were the Ameri
cai> staffs, the Cuban generals and
the correspondents.
Enemy Meets Enemy.
Suddenly Captain General Castelia
nos entered the salon without ceremony
from the left and greeted General
Brooke and others. After shaking
bands, General Brooke sat upon a sofa,
while General Castellanos moved to
ward the group of Cuban generals
British Vice Consul Jerome iutro
duced him to General Mayia Rodriguez
Shaking both tne nauds of the Cuban
officer, in the usual Spanish fashion,
Ganeral Castellanos said:
“We have been enemies, but I res
pect you for your correct attitudes and
opinions. I have pleasure in shaking
youi hand.’’
General Rodriguez replied:
“I thaak you. general. I feel sorry
for the Spanish army which has defen
ded the bauuer it was sworn to defend.
I also have pleasure in shaking your
hands.”
“Captain General Castellanos then
took his position near Maj >r G moral
Brooke. Tne buzz of conversation on
the American side of the chamber con
trasted with the silence on the Spanish
side.
There was a marked difference, too,S
between Americans and Spaniards, the
former tall, heavy and wearing mich
gold cord; the latter small and slight,
in blue striped cambric uniforms. The
Spaniards were depressed the Ameri
cans were correspondingly buoyant.
At the last stroke of 12 the boom of a
gun brought all to the point in tho
room where stood the captai 1 general,
who was talking with an American offi
car. Immediately all was silence. The
captain general stepped to the left, tak
iug his position directly in front of his
staff. On his right stood Captain J. S.
Hart interpreter to the United States
military commission. Next to Captain
Hart, in the order named, were Gener
als Chaffee, Brooke, Ludlow, Lee, Wade
Butler and Cicus. Immedsately behind
Chaffee was Sonator John W. Daniel,
of Virginia.
“The Star Spangled Banner.”
At this momrnt the baud on the
plaza was playing the Spanish national
hymn. As the gnus at Cabanas forirjss
ceased firing there was a breathless
pause in the salon, Everybody knew
that the American flag was being raised
on the stag on the roof of the palace by
by Maj rr Butler, son of General But
ler, and that the stars and stripes were
going up on all the other official staffs
in Havana.
After a second of silence the band on
the plaza played “The Scar Spangled
Banner.” while the guns of the fleet
and fortress began to roar out the na
tional falute of twenty-one guns.
Immediately Captain General Castel
lanos handed the manuscript of his
sp :ech to Captain Hart and began to
speak.
Addressing himself to General Wade,
president of the United States military
commssion, though he seemed to look
at the floor, General Castellanos said:
Gentlemen—ln compliance with the
treaty of Paris, the agreement of the
military commissioners of tho island
and the orders of my king, at thig mo
ment of noon, January 1, 1809, there
ceases in Cuba Spanish scyereiguty and
begins that of the United States. Iu
consequence I declare yor in command
of the island, with the objeot that you
may exerciite it, declaring to yon that 1
wdl bo first in respecting it. Peace
having been established between our
respective governments, I promise you
to give all due respect to the United
States government, and i hope that the
good relations already existing bet ween
our armies wiil continue until the ter
mination of the evacuation of those uu
der ray orders in this territory,;
After Captain Hart had translated the
address General Wade said to General
Brooke:
"IJtrausfor this commaud to you."
Msjor General Brooke said:
“I accept this great trust in behalf
of the government and president of the
United States, and”—addressing Cap
tain General Castellanos—“l wish you
and the gallant gentlemen with you a
pleasant return to your native land.
May prosperity attend you ana all who
go with you. ’
Spanish Captain General
Weeps.
General Brooke and Castellanos then
shook hands, after which General
cr.jte,llanos staff retired from the throne
room, shaking hands with Mr. Jerome,
who stood near the door of exit. A
they retired there was a move
ment towaid General Brooke, Brigadier
General Clous shaking him by the hand
and saying: “Success to you.”
Generals Brooke and Chaffee with
others then stepped upon the balcony
and looked down upon the plaza.
A Dig American flig flying over the
arsenal was in full view and farther
away the stars and stripes could be seen
over Cabanas fortress
Meanwhile the officials of Spain wers
saying farewell to their nation’s seat of
power in the new world.
Turning to his officers, General Castel
lanos said with tears iu his eyes:
Gentlemen —I have been in mote
battles than I have hairs on my
head, and my self-possession has
never failed qae until today.
| Adieu, gentlemen, adieu.
Then, with arms upraised, ho moved
swiftly toward the stairway escorted by
General Chaffee and followed by iiis
staff. As he crossed the plaza the
American ladies who were standing in
the balcony af the barracks waved their
handkerchiefs and General Castellanos
responded by bowing aud kissing his
haud toward them At the corner of
the plaza, with tears in his eyes, he
turned to take a final look at the palace.
He could see the American generals on
the balcony. Without a wool he
turned sharply in the direction of the
wharf; History had reversed the “Last
Sigh of the Moor.” At the dock
Generals Clous aud Chaffee bade him
farewell and the retirng captain general
put off for the Spanish transport Rubat,
on which he proceeded to Matauzas.
He wa accompanied by a battalion of
the Tiiirtyeight infantry.
G.n:ral Brooke then held a reception
The Cubans Introduced.
At the close the Cuban generals were
introduced. General Brooke said to
them: "I shall lock to you to assist ns
in carrying out the purposes that
brought ns to these shores. It is a
great trust, and I shall expect most
extraordinary assistance from you.’
General Lecret, who acted as spokes
man for the Cubaii officers, assured the
United States military governor that
everything iu the power of tho Cuban
military offi Hals would be done to help
the Americans restore Cuba to a con
dition of peace aud prosperity.
This speech was translated by Captain
I igo, of Viriuia.
It was scarcely half past 12 o’oclock
when Gmeral Brooke and his staff
left the palace for the Hotel Inglaterra,
the island of Cuba being in full pos
session of the Americans.
The parade of. the United States
troops showed the feeling of the Cuban
element of the population. The march
was from El Vapado, along the Achia
del Norte, the prado, aud Central Park
to Cerro and Quemados. About every
fourth house displayed some deooration.
a palm branch, a bit of red white aud
blue bunting, or a fltg. Not a dozen
flags were to be s ; en in the stately
Prorio. In the Acbia del Norte the
troops passed under the skeleton of
triumphal arches, left unfinished when
it was decided to postpone the dem
onstration.
The roofs, the streets, the parks and
tie wayside iu the suburban districts
were crowded with curious, but for the
most rart silent spectators. Now and
t ran tnere was a cry, ;“Viva log Amer
icanos, ” followed by a burst of
cheering, but there was no general ex
pression of public rejoicing.
Major General Lee, who rode at
the head of the column on a gray
charger, received an ovation all
along the route.
Major General Brooke, Major
General Ludlow and the other gemr ile f
reviewed the corps, standing on a bench
iu front of the Hotel Lmgluterra and
surrounded by their staffs. As the
column swung into Central Park, past
the lonelj' looking statue of the queen
regent, it made an impressive ap
pearance. General Lee left tho p o
cession and joined the reviewing gen
erals. At this point third was more
cheering than tl ewhere for tle
Americans, the crowd beiug imuieuse
and densely congested.
Congratulations From
McKinley
The United States military com
missioners wired President McKinley
at 12:20 o’clock that the governor
general of Cuba had formally sur
rendered to the comm'sion the govern
ment of Cuba and that the American
fhg had been hoisted. In reply
General Wade, president of the com
mission, received the following:
“I congratulate the commission upon
the successful termination of its mission,
and the peaceful occi pat ion of Cuba by
the United States.
••Willi\m McKinley,”
General Brooke also received the
president's congratulations
As Captain G moral Castellanos was
escorted to the wharf by General Clous
and Chaffee the band playe the Spanish
royal march. General Castellanos
thanked General Clous, as he stepped
into his launch, wept. Crowds of
Spaniards, men and women, all dressed
in black, gathered upon the sea wall
and silently watched the fleet pass ont.
There was not a shout, not a hand
kerchief waved. Men and women
wept together.
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