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W. F. SMITH, Fsbliiker. VOLUME VIII. SOUTHERN NEWS, Twelve hundred tax executions were issued in Kershaw county, 8. C., during the last year. The colored population of Arkansas has increased from 122,109 in 1870 to 210,622 in 1880. The Lynchburg News says that during the past eleven months the sale of the goods of the Charlottesville woollen mills has given about seventeen per cent, net profit from the capital stock. The work of naming and numbering the streets of Han Antonio, Texas, was bflgun February 16. Although the city over 140 year* old, but few of the streets have been named, and none num bered. The Palatka (Fla.) Herald says that there are 120,000 acres of the best sugar lands in the world, south of St. Augus tine, on the Atlantic coast. If properly cultivated it would produce 40,000 hogs heads of sugar annnally. The constitution of the State of Texas provides that the Legislature shall have no power t© appropriate any of the pub lic money for the establishment and maintenance of a bureau of immigration, or for any purpose of bringing immi grants to this state. The receipts of cotton at Columbus, Ga., for the season beginning August 31, -on February 23 attained the total regis tration of 100,388 bales, a figure wnich has never before been exceeded, except in three Reasons ; 1855-6, 100,629 ; 1858-9, J 15.885, and 1859-60, 122,110. The silver dollar of the Confederate States is valued at SI,OOO. There were only a few of those coins struck. The 'Confederate government had the dies made and a few coins w T ere struck at the New Orleans mint for the inspection of the government official. They found, bor/ever, that they had no more silver The prohibition bill passed by the Alabama legislature for the benefit of Clarke and Limestone counties forbids the sale and manufacture of spirituous liquors in all shapes and forms, and ex Copts nothing but the wine used hv churches in communion. Doctors who firul it necessary to use it at all must give S& in doses like other medicine. The free night school opened at Mem phis in front of the court house, on Main street, for the benefit of mechanics, laborcis, newsboys and others, whose op portunities have been defective, is suc cessful. The attendance has outgrown 4he room. The school is in charge of Scott A. Murray, who is principal of the Peabody sc 00l in South Memphis. Those attending the night school pay nothing, and are furnished with every thing necessary by charitable citizens. The Arkansas House has amended the Hrmse joint resolution proposing an JUnendment to the State constitution prohibiting the sale or giving away of liquors, as follows: Hereafter it shall not be lawful for any person, directly or indirectly, to manufacture, import, sell, give away, or in any manner traffic in any intoxicating liquors in the State of Arkansas, except for sacrimental, me dicinal, art and mechanical purposes, under such penalties as shall be pre scribed by law. The Waldeck plantation in Brazoria county, Texas, comprises about 2,600 acres, about four miles from Columbia. Formerly clarified sugar was manufac tured; afterward cotton was substituted. After the war cane was again planted, but the sugar is not clarified. There are 650 acres now in caue and 110 more mat ted down to be planted. Last year the product was 650 hogsheads of sugar and 1,3 10 barrels of molasses, together worth, say, $60,000 or more. The Galveston News thinks that the whole of Brazoria, Fort Bend, Malagorda and Wharton counties could be converted into one vast sugar field, making enough to supply the whole United States. It seems that there are in Georgia cer tain lots or tracts of land of unusual quantity. An inquiry addressed to W. H. Sparks respecting the origin of the very odd 209*, 490 and forty acre lots has drawn out a long explanation in the Constitution. It seems that the act of June 16,1802, for the survey and disposal of the lands then just acquired from the Creek Indians, between the Oconee and Ocmulgee rivers, required the lands to be surveyed into tracts forty-five chains square, which gives an area of 202* acres. The survey of forty acr*s was ordered in the gold region, tc give opportunity to as many people as possible. The 490 acres belonged in Wayne county, poor pine land, supposed to be valuable only for stock raising. SfluMtc fieotgit Baited t* Mutual liUrwt, th liffi'iia if Tratk, the litaUishient if Justice, aid therresirratioß if a fwpli’i Siverimiat. Present GarfleM’s Inanpral Adflress. Fellow-Citizens : We stand to-day upon an eminence which overlooks a hundred years of national life—a century crowded with the perils but crowned with the triumphs of liberty and law. Before continuing our onward march, let us pause on this height for a moment t strengthen our faith and renew our hope by a glance at the pathway along which our people have traveled. It is now three days more than a hun dred years since the adoption of the first written constitution of the United States —the articles of confederation and a per petual union. The new republic was then beset with danger on every hand It had not conquered a place in the fam ily of nations. The decisive battle of the war for independence, whose centen nial anniversary will soon be gratefully celebrated at York town, had not yet been fought. The colonists were strug gling, not only agamst the armies of a grea nation hut against the settled opin ions of mankind, for the world did not then believe that the supreme authority of government could be safely entrusted to the cruardianship of the people them selves. We cannot overestimate the fer vent love of liberty, the intelligent cour age and the saving common sense with which our fathers made the great experi ment of self-government. When they found, after a short trial, that the confederation of the states vras too weak to meet the necessities of the vigorous and expanding republic they boldly set it aside, aud in its stead estab lished a national union, founded directly upon the will of the people, endowed with full powers of self-preservation and with ample authority for the accomplish ment of its great objects. Under this constitution the boundaries of freedom have been enlarged, the foundations of order and peace have been strengthened, the growth of our people in all the better elements of national life has indicated the wisdom of the founders, aud given now hope to their descendants. Under this constitution our people long ago made themselves safe against danger from without, and secured for their mariners and flag equality of rights on all the seas. Under this constitution twenty - five states have been added to the union, with constitutions and laws framed and en forced by their own citizens, to secure the mauifold blessings of local self-gov ernment. The jurisdiction of this con stitution now covers an area of fifty times greater than that of the original thirteen states and a population of twenty times greater than that of 1780. The supreme trial of the constitution came at last under the tremendous press ure of civil war. We ourselves are wit nesses that the union emerged from the blood and fire of that conflict purified and made stronger for all the beneficient purposes of good government, and now, at the close of this first century of growth, with the inspirations of its his tory in their harts; our people have lately reviewed the condition of the nation, passed judgment upon the conduct and opinions of the political parties, and have registered their will concerning the fu ture administration of the government. To interpret and to execute that will, in accordance with the constitution, is the paramount duty of the executive. Even from this brief review it is man ifest that the nation is resolutely facing the front, resolved to employ its best ener gies i developing th 1 geat possibilities of the future, sacredly preserving what ever has been gained to liberty and good government during the century. Our people are determined to leave behind them all these bitter controversies con cerning things which have been irrevo cably settled, and the further discussion of which can only stir up strife and delay the onward march. The supremacy of the nation and its laws should be no longer a subject of debate. That dis cussion which for a half century threat ened the existence of the union was closed in the high court of war by a de cree from which there is no appeal, that the constitution and the laws made in pursuance thereof are and shall continue to be the supreme law of the land, band ing alike upon states and people. This decree does not disturb the automonv of the states nor interfere with any of their necessary rights of local government but it does fix and establish the perma nent supremacy of the union. The will of the nation, speaking with the vehemence of battle, and through the amended constitution, has fulfilled the great promise of 1775, by proclaim ing “ liberty throughout the land to all the inhabitants thereof.” The elevation of the negro race from slavery to the full rights of citizenship, is the most import ant political change we have known since the adoption of the constitution of 1787. No thoughtful man can fail to appreciate its beneficial effects upon our institutions and people. It has freed us from a per petual danger of war and dissolution. It has added immensely to the moral and industrial forces of our people. It has liberated the master as well as the slave from a relation which wronged and en feebled both. It has surrendered to their own guardinaship the manhood of more than five million of people, and has open ed to each one of them a career of free dom and usefulness. It has given anew inspiration to the power of self help in both races by making labor more honor able to the one and more necessary to the other. The influences of this force will grow greater and bear richer fruit with the coming years. No doubt the great change has caused serious disturb ance lo our southern communities. This is to be deplored, though it was perhaps unavoidable, but those who resisted tne change should remember that under our INDIAN SPRINGS, GEORGIA. institutions there was no middle ground for the negro race between slavery and equal citizenship. There can be no per manent disfranchised peasantry in the United Htatas. Freedom can never yield its fullness of blessings so long as the law or its administration places the smallest obstacle in the pathway ef any virtuous citizen. The emancipated race ba< already made remarkable progress. With un questionable devotion to the union, with the patience and gentleness not born of fear, they have followed the light as God gave them to see the light. They are rapidly laying the material foundation of self-support, widening the circle of in telligence, and beginning to enjoy the blessings that are gathered around the homes of industrious people. They re ceive the generous encouragement of all good men. So far as my authority can lawfully extend, they shall enjoy the full and equal protection of the constitution and laws. The full and free enjoyment of equal suffrage is still in question, and a frank statement of the issue may aid "ts solu tion. It is alleged that in many places an honest ballot is impossible, if the mass of uneducated negroes are allowed to vote. These are grave allegations. So far as the latter is true, it is the only palliation that can be offered for oppos ing the freedom of the ballots. Bad local government is certainly a great evil which ought to be prevented, but to violate the freedom and sanctity of suf frage is more than an evil—it is a crime which, if persisted in, will destroy the government itself, and if successful, is not a remedy. If in other lands it be high treason to compass the death of the king, it should be counted no less a crime here to strangle out the sovereign powers and stifle its voice. It has been said that un settled questions have no pity for the repose of a nation. It should be said with the utmost emphasis that this ques tion of suflrance will never give repose or safety to the states or to the nation until each, within its own jurisdiction, makes and keeps the ballot free and pure, by the strong sanctions of the law. * But the danger which arises from, ig norance in the voter cannot be denied. It covers a field far wider than that of negro suffrage and the present condition of that race. It is a danger that lurks and hides in the sources and fountains of power in every state. We have no standard by which to measure the disas ter that may be brought upon us by ig norance and vice in the citizens, when joined to corruption and fraud in suf frage. The voters of the Union, who make and unmake constitutions, and up on whose shoulders will hang the desti nies of our government, can transmit their supreme authority to no successors save the coming generation of voters who are the sole heirs of the sovereign power. If that generation comes to its inheri tance, blinded by ignorance and cor rupted by vice, the fall of the republic will be certain and remediless. The census has already sounded the alarm in appalling figures, which mark how dan gerously high the tide of illiteration has risen among our voters and their chil dren. To the South this question is of supreme importance, but the responsi bility for tne existence of slavery did uot rest upon the South alone. The na tion itself is responsible for the exten sion of the suffrage, and is under special obligation to aid in removing the illiter acy which it has added to the voting population. For the North and the Houth alike there is but one remedy. All the constitutional powers of the nar tion and of the States, and all the vol unteer forces of the people should be summoned to meet this danger by the saving influence of universal education. It is the high privilege and sacred duty of those now living to educate their suc cessors and provide intelligence aud vir tue for the inheritance which awaits them. in this beneficient work sections and races should be forgotten, and partisan ship should be unknown. Let our find new meaning in the divine oracle which declares that “a little child shall lead them,” for our little children will soon control the destinies of the repub lic. My countrymen, we do not now differ in our judgment concerning the controversies of the past generation, and fifty years hence our children will not be divided in their opinions concerning our controversies. They will surely bless their fathers and "their fathers’ God that the union was preserved; that slavery was overthrown, and that both races were made equal before the law. We may hasten or we may retard, but we can not prevent the final reconsider ation. It is not possible for us now to make a truce with time by anticipating and accepting its inevitable verdict. En terprises of the highest importance to our moral and material well-being invite us and offer ample scope for the employ ment of our best energies. Let all our people, leaving behind them the battle fields of dead issues, move forward, and in the strength of liberty and restored union win the grander victories of peace. The prosperity which now prevails is without a parallel in our history. Fruit ful seasons have done much to secure it, but they have not done all. The preser vation of public credit and the resump tion of special payments so successfully attained by the administration of my predecessors, has enabled our people to secure the blessings which the seasons brought By the experience of commer cial nations in all ages, it has been found that gold and silver offered the only safe foundation for a monetary system. Con fusion has recently been created by vari ations in the relative value of the two metals, but I confidently believe that arrangement* can be made between the leading commercial nations which will secure the general use of both metals. Congress should provide that the com pulsory coinage of silver now required by law may not disturb our monetary system by driving either metals out of circulation. If possible such adjustment should be made that the the purchasing power of every coined dollar will be exactly equal, as a debt paying power in all markets of the world. The chief duty of the national government in con nection with the currency of the coun try is to coin money and declaro its value. Grave doubts have been enter tained whether Congress is authorized by the constitution to make any form of money legal tender. The present issue of United States notes has been sustained by the necessities of war, but such paper should depend for its value and currency upon its convenience nin use, and its prompt redemption in coin at the will of the holder, and not upon its compulsory circulation. These notes are not money but promises to pay money if the holder demands it. The promise should be kept. The refunding of the national debt at a lower rate of interest should be accom plished without compelling the with drawal of national bank notes and thus disturb the business of the country. I venture to refer to the business I have occupied on financial questions during a long service in Congress, and to say that time and experience have strengthened the opinions I have so often expressed on these subjects. The finances of the government shall suffer no detriment which it may he possible for my admin istration to prevent. The interest of agriculture deserves more attention from the government than they have yet received. The farms of the farmers of the United States offer homes and employment for more than one-half of our people, and furnish much the larger part of all our exports. As the government lights our coasts for the protection of our mariners, and the benefi of commerce, so it should give the tiller of the soil the best lights of practical science and experience. Our manufacturers are rapidly making us in dustrially independent, and are opening to capital and labor new and profitable schemes of employment. Their steady and healthy growth should still be main tained. Our facilities for transportation should be promoted by the continued improve ment of our harbors and the great in terior water ways, and by the increase of our tonnage on the oceans. The development of the world’s com merce has led to an urgent demand for shortening the great sea voyage around Cape Horn by constructing ship canals or railways across the isthmus which unites the two continents. Various plans to this end have been suggested, and will need consideration, but none of them has been sufficiently matured to warrant united aid. The subject, how ever, is one which will immediately en gage the attention of the government with a view to a thorough protection to American interests. We will urge no narrow policy, nor seek peculiar or ex clusive privilege in any commercial route, but in the language of my pre decessor, “I believe it to be the right and duty of the United States to assert and maintain such supervision and authority over any inter-oceanic canal across the isthmus that connects North and South America as will protect our national interests.” The constitution guarantees absolute freedom. Congress is prohibited from making any law respecting an establish ment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The territories of the United States are subject to the direct legislative authority of Congress, and hence the general government is respon sible for any violence of the constitution in any of them. It is, therefore, a re proach to the government that in the most populous of the territories the con stitutional guarantee is not enjoyed by the people, and the authority o Con gress is set at naught. The Mormon church is not only an offense to the moral sense of mankind by sanctioning polygamy, but prevents the administra tion of justice through the ordinary in strumentalities of law. In my judg ment it is the duty of Congress, while respecting to the uttermost the conscien tious convictions and religious scruples of every citizen, to prohibit within its jurisdiction, all criminal practices, es pecially of that class which destroy fam ily relations and endanger social order. Nor can any ecclesiastical organization be safely permitted to usurp in the smallest degree the functions and powers of the national government. The civil service can never be placed on a satisfactory basis until it is regula ted by law for the good of the service itself, for the protection of those who are entrusted with the appointing power against the waste of time and obstruction to public business caused by the inordi nate pressure for place, and for the pro tection of incumbent against intrigue and wrong. I shall, at the proper time, ask congress to fix the tenure of minor offices of the several executive depart ments, and prescribe the grounds upon which removals shall be made during the terms for which incumbents have been appointed. Finally, acting always within the au thority and limitations of the constitu tion, invading neither the rights of the states nor the reserved rights of the peo ple, it will be the purpose of my admin istration to maintain the authority of the nation, and in all places within its jurisdiction enforce obedience to all the laws of the union; on the interests of the people to demand rigid economy in all die expenditures of the government, and to require the honest and faithful service of all executive offices, remem bering that the offices were created, not for the benefit of the incumbents or their supporters, but for the service of the government. And now, fellow citizens, I am about to assume the great trust which you have committed to my hands. 1 appeal to you for that earnest and thoughtful support which makes this government, in fact, as it is in law, a government of the people. I shall greatly rely upon the wisdom and patriotism of congress, of those who may share with us the re sponsibilities and duties of admimstra tion, and above all on our efforts to pro mote the welfare of this great people and their government, I reverently in voke the support and blessings of A1 mighty God. Am Unpopular Man. Bill collectors, who are only doing their duty and trying to make other men become honest and pay their just debts, have a hard time of it. Everybody thinks it is his right to snub the bill col lector. Poor fellow Ihe is perpetually trying to catch sight of the man who has C‘: gone round the oorner, who will be kin five minutes, so the clerk says, but who never comes back until the old bill collector ha* gone. It is on reoord that by some strange fatuity of fortune a collector onoe found his debtor at home. Such a oiroumstanoe nearly took his breath away, for, like the Wandering Jew, he had been flying from pillar to post for nearly a year, and had never onoe found the right man in the right place ; but he took out his battered wal let and presented the account, yellow with age, and humbly asked for a settle ment. “ You must call again,” was the stern, imperative demand of the maD, who never intended to have money enough to pay that bill. The victim with the threadbare clothes and tine worn-out shoes suggested that it was not easy to go up three flights of stairs three times a day in order to And the ominous word “ out” on the office door: “Well,” said the haughty debtor, “perhaps you would like to have me rent a room on the first floor for the sake of my creditors.” The old bill collector uttered a deep sigh, pnt his wallet back into his pocket, and walked into a back alley where his home -was, while the jaunty debtor sprang into his landau and went up to the park for a drive. Such is life. Cheap Goods. Do not buy cheap clothing; it is not an economical plau. A strong, fine tex tured, well-made article will outwear at least three of poor material, and it does not really cost as much, considering the amount of wear, to say nothing of the shabby appearance of faded cloth—the vexation of having the garments contin ually breaking to pieces, the necessity of daily repairs, with the unsafe feeling when one steps a little high, or puts on an unusual strain. A scarcity of means is the general excuse for buying such goods as this, and we know it is a hard one to meet. But it is letter to make the old coat last a little longer, and put all the money into the rest of the suit, and when the money one will soon have to find to supply another cheap suit is at hand, get a good coat. Asa wise and economical rule, one should never pur chase anything but a good article. The care of clothing is a very important mat ter. It makes a great difference in the looks and wear of a hat or coat, whether it is thrown down on the lounge or chair when taken off, or carefully hung up. Properly brushing and cleaning clothes, and mending them as soon as required, rather than waiting until the threads ravel out, or the tear has grown too large to be neatly repaired, add greatly to their durability. A Hint to Embezzlers. They were talking it over in a restaur ant. Said the first: “So you have come down to make a settlement and try for anew start?” “Yes.” “How bad was the failure?” “Well, I think I can pay forty cents on the dollar, but perhaps not more than thirty-five.” “It was all owing to your partner, you said.” “Yes, he raised money on our company note, and slid.” “That was bad. He must have been a thorough rascal. Have you made any effort to overhaul him ?” “No.” “But you will?” “No.” “Are you going to permit such a rascal as that to roam the country un punished?” “I think I shall. He has almost ruined me, in a business sense, and yet I can’t help but feel grateful to him. When he slid he took my wife with him!” The other looked at him for half a minute, nodded his head, and began on his steak without a word and with a look of dumb suffering in his eyes. He had no partner, poor man! —Cincinnati Gazette. When to Pay Your Debts. The Presbyterian Banner says : “The beginning of the year is a good time for paying all small bills.” That is sound doctrine, so far as it goes ; but why limit the paying of bills to “small” ones? Or, for that matter, why not pay all bills, both large and small, as they become due, without wait ing for the “ beginning of the year ? ” St. Paul’s doctrine is, “ Owe no man any thing and John Randolph’s was like unto it. “Pay as you go”—New York Ledger. Niweb exhibit too great a familiarity with anew acquaintance; you may give offense, SUBSCRIPTION-**!.*!. NUMBER SO. TOILET RECIPES. Hair Invigorator. —A wash to stimu late the growth of hair in case of bald ness is made from equal parts of the tincture of sulphate of quinine—five graiDS in an ounce of alcohol. For those who will use hair oil, pure sperm oil of the very finest quality, is the best. This must be procured in propC, freshness and cannot fail being a powerful hair in' vigorator. To Remove Wrinkles.— Put pieces of court-plaster on the face where the wrinkles are inclined to come, just be fore going to bed, and remove in the morning. The plaster contracts the skin and prevents its sinking into creases and line*. It also protects and softens the skin. Warm water should alw'ays be used to wash the face in, as it keeps off wrinkles. Harmless Face Powders.— Rice pow der, though expensive, is warranted per fectly harmless. Refined chalk is the safest thing to use, and costs far less than if put up under some other name and sold in boxes. Oascarilla powder is much used bv Cuban ladies, and is con sidered harmless. Wash the face with thick suds from glycerine soap, and, when dry, dust on the powder with a puff or piece of chamois skin. To Strengthen the Hair.— A solu tion of burdock tea will strengthen the hair as will also sage tea. The follow ing is also highly recommended : One pound of yellow (look root, boiled in five pints of water till reduced to cm© pint; strain and add an ounce of pulverized borax, half an ounoe of coarse salt, three ounces of sweet oil and a pint of New England rum ; a quarter of an ounce of oil of lavender and ten grains of amber gris will perfume this nicely. Use the burdock tea two or three times a day at first; after a while once a day will be sufficient. Shampooing the head once a day with cold water will also have a beneficial effect. Hair Restorative.— A powerful re storative for the hair is half an ounoe of oil of mace in a pint of deodorized alco hol. Pour a spoonful or two into a sau cer ; dip a small stiff* brush into it, and brush the hair smartly, rubbing the tincture well into the roots. On bald spots, if hair will start at all, it may be stimulated by friction with a piece of llannel till the skin looks red and rub bing the tincture into the scalp. This process must be repeated three times a day for weeks. When the hair begins to grow apply the tincture once a day till the growth is well established, bathing the head in cold water every morning and briskly brushing it to bring the blood to the surface. The Chicago Maiden. “But papa—” “ Not auotker word. I'm a wild-oat when my back’s up, and don’t you forget it.” The speaker was a hard-visaged man, dressed with an elegance that ill-accorded with his evident want of culture. She who addressed him as “papa” was a fair haired girl of eighteen summers. Reared on the knee of luxury, she had never known what it was to have her slightest wish thwarted. Her father, a plumber, was, from the nature of his business, a man of iron will, but he was not devoid of pity or generosity, as many a debtor whose house and lot he had taken in part payment of fixing the water pipes, letting the balance of the account run along for two months, oould testify. He had sur rounded Cecil, his only child, with all that wealth could purchase, looking for ward to the time when she would marry the eldest sou of a Niagara Falls hack man, or some person of fortune commen surate with her own. But she had al lowed her heart to be ensnared by the wiles of Cupid, and that morning had asked her sire’s consent to her marriage with a poor but not proud young man whose agricultural operations on the Board of Trade had not been attended with success. It was this request that produced the answer given above. Again Cecil pleaded with her parent not to crush the love that blossomed in her heart. The old man’s mind went back to the happy days when he told her mother of his love, and how they com menced life with nothing but strong arms and willing hearts. Placing his tan-like hand on Cecil’s shoulder, the old man looked at her tenderly and said: “Look ye, my lass. You say you love this man, and cannot live without him. Mebbe not. I have promised you a seal skin sacque this winter. Let us test your love. If you become this man’s bride I shall not buy the sacque. In my hand is a cheek for S3OO. In the wheat pit over on the Board of Trade is your lover; which do you choose?” Without raising her head she reached out convulsively for the check. —Chicago Tribune. A Tight Place. “ Doctor, what can I do to get rid of my biliousness ?” asked an inebriate of a plain-spoken doctor. “ Quit drinking beer and whisky.” “ But if I quit I’ll collapse right off, won’t I?” “ Certainly.” “It don’t seem to me that it makes much difference, then. If I keep on I’ll be bilious as long as I live, and if I quit I’ll be bilious until I die. If that isn’t a bilious outlook, I’ll give it up.” Gambling has been and still is very greatly on the increase in London. Two new baccarat clubs have been formed, where individual losses have been counted by thousands—in one case by fifteen thousand—-and the prohibited game has found its way into clubs where by the rules it is prohibited. Difficulties about the settlement of accounts have already resulted from this, and if it continues, lots of scandals similar to the Paget one may be expected.