Newspaper Page Text
MR.NESBITTS LETTER
The Commissioner of Agricult
ure to the Georgia Farmers.
THE MONTH OF JULY EEVIEWED.
With tlie Effect* of a Late Spring ami the
Recent Drouth to Overcome, the Farm
ers Hare Made a Splendid Showing:, and
Crop Prospect* Are Ilright, lleyond the
Most Sanguine Kxoectations.
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta, Aug. 1, 1894.
The long deferred rains, which came
in June and July, at first confined to
favored localities, finally became gen
eral, and though in the southern part of
the state, the corn was too far ad vanced
to be materially benefitted, in the more
northern section the marvelous recupera
tion of the crop is almost beyond belief.
In that locality, plants which were
twisted and almost lifeless, have taken
on anew growth, and the prospect for
a fine yield is now most encouraging.
The advanced plantings in the southern
part of the state suffered in a greater
degree because the drouth came just at
the critical period of tasseliug and ear
ing, and was so long continued that flip
stunted ears, or rather “nubbins,” wore
formed before the reviving rains de
scended to fill them with plump, healthy
grains.
With cotton, exactly the opposite con
ditions exist. In southern Georgia this
crop suffered comparatively little from
the April and May cold snaps, and
the drouth of May and June found it in
f'ood growing condition, which it has
teen able to maintain even during the
dry weather. But in northern Georgia,
from frost and continued chilly weather,
succeeded by parching winds and a
drouth, in some localities lasting over
two months, the prospect seemed almost
hopeless. In many fields the little stalks
had lost every leaf, only the tender bud
at the top holding out hope against an
utter destruction of the crop. But thO life
giving moisture has infused new strength
the drooping plants, and fields, in which
a month ago one could scarcely detect
the presence of any living plant, are to
day striped with broad rows -of vivid
green, indicating an almost perfect
stand of healthy, vigorous stalks. Nec
essarily the development is somewhat
different from the usual condition at
this season, but cotton has exceptional
power of recuperation, and the abun
dant rains here literally boomed the
crop. Tlxe mam drawback to a full
yield is the rapid leaf development of
the stalk, which is not now taking on
fruit to its full capacity.
THE CULTIVATION OF COTTON
will perhaps extend beyond the usual
period this year, on account of the re
tarded growth. But cultivation encour
ages greater plant development, and
when that is checked the tendency is
then to take on more fruit. Ordinarily,
squares that form after the middle of
August have not time to fully develop
before frost comes to check their growth,
therefore our plan should be to continue
the cultivation up to a reasonable period
and then turn the crop loose to form
.and mature all the fruit possible in the
given time. All work in cultivating
after that time is but a waste of energy.
For the last working, one wide furrow
in the middle is all that is necessary,
the plow being adjusted so as to cut
evenly throughout, and at a depth of
not more than 1 inch. Deep plowing
now is ruinous. I have often seen at
t his season promising fields, in one week
after a deep plowing, with most of the
bolls and forms on the ground, instead
of on the stalk.
CORN.
In the southern part of the state this
crop is “laid by,” but in the northern
part there is perhaps some upland and
more bottom corn still to receive its
last plowing. Where possible, put in
Tie as at this plowing—in the drill or
broadcast according to the number of
furrows, and see that the plow is ad
justed, so that, if possible, not one feed
ing root is disturbed. I have witnessed
lately an apt illustration of the disas
trous effects of deep plowing, even when
only one furrow is put in the middle.
This field of corn, a very promising one,
had been entirely plowed out, except a
few rows, which for some reason the
owner had failed to finish, the middles
being left unplowed. After the rains
commenced, the grass and weeds, al
ready started in these middles, began to
grow apace. For several days there was
was no perceptible difference between
the corn in these rows and that in the
rest of the field. All was vigorous, and
to the eye of the experienced farmer the
glassy, dark colored blades spoke of fu
ture full ears. But a gradual, and final
ly, a marked change occurred in the
unworked rows.
The weeds, by this time rank and
hungry, were robbing the corn of its
necessary food, the corn blades were
losing their healthy color, and only a
Cursory glance was needed to mark the
difference between these rows and the
remainder of the field. Too late, the
plow was started.
In order to tear up the heavy growth
of weeds, the plowshare had to go in
deep, and what was at one time a prom
ising prospect is almost destroyed. The
6talks appeared hard and round, the up
per blades drooping, and the bottom ones
yellow.
Had the farmer intended to furnish
an illustration of the dire effects of deep
plowing at this season, he could not
have given a more perfect one. The in
jured rows, just now in the critical stage
of earing, may make something, but the
crop materially cut off, will never re
cover its former tone. The rest of the
field plowed earlier, and before it was
necessary to resort to the “heroic treat
ment,” is a picture of agricultural
beauty, the abundant ears and vivid
color attesting its vigorous condition.
. Perhaps not one Georgia farmer in
100 has followed the experiments in corn
culture, which are being carefully con
ducted at our station, running through
'a series of years. Because of this too
general indifference, I would call atten
tion to the results and the conclusions
reached by these experiments. It is
proven by these most careful tests, that
In comparison with a general manuring,
fertilizer put only in the drill for corn,
does not pay. The increase in the crop
does not make an adequate return for
the additional expense involved. On the
other hand, where the corn has foil awed
crops of small grain and peas, on which
fertilizer was broadcast, the increase m
yield in comparison with the expense is
so marked as to leave no doubt as tc its
superior advantages, and a careful com
parison of results shows the more cer
tain profits are to be gained by the latter
plan.
In another part of the state I have re
cently seen this same principle illustrat
ed. The laud on which this corn is
planted is sandy, with a yellow clay sub-
soil not very far below the surface. Tire
owner told me that he excited the com
miseration of his neighbors when he, in
preparing, put his plow deep into the
soil, bringing up an occasional
modicum of the clay. He broad
cast peas (of course with manure),
following this crop with corn,
which was highly manured in the drill,
and when I saw this crop in the middle
of July the rows stood four feet apart,
the plants tliree feet in the drill, and a
more beautiful prospect I never wit
nessed. By this plan the yield has here
tofore been from 80 to 40 bushels to the
acre. The two points tbe emphasized
are, the gain in the narrow rows, which
saves both time and labor, and the fact
that this plan can only be ventured on
when the preparation and manuring are
very thoroughly and carefully executed.
As to how late corn should Ini cultured,
the season itself must deb rmine. During
a drouth the roots run deep in search of
moisture. During a wet season the
feeding roots literally fill the space be
tween the rows and are spread out very
near the surface. The observant man
will note these facts and guide the culti
vation .accordingly.
THE FALL CROP OF IRISH POTATOES,
now attracting so much attention, not
only for home consumption, but as fur
nishing a superior article for commerce,
should be planted at once, if not already
put in the ground. In previous reports
full directions for obtaining a stand, for
cultivation, etc., were given. At this
writing our potatoes in the “sprouting
bed” are ready for planting, and as only
those, which show the tiny sprout, are
used, we have no apprehension as to se
curing a perfect stand.
WHEAT.
In a recent conversation with an ex
tensive wheat grower, I was shown that
the earlier the land is turned the finer
the crop. Even in J uly it is not too
early to begin. A long experience has
proved that land turned in that month
makes better wheat than that turned in
August, which again yields more abund
antly than that turned in September
and so on.
REPAIRS.
While much of this month, and right
ly so, is given up to social gatherings
and to the interchange of thought and
plans so important, perhaps more im
portant to our calling than foamy other,
there are many necessary repairs which
should not be neglected. This is the
month to cut down the heavy growth of
weeds on terraces and ditches, and in
fence comers, that the maturing seed
may not attain the power to add yet
more to the heavy labors of tlio coming
year.
Cotton picking will not, throughout
the state, begin in earnest until next
month, and there are many odd jobs in
the way of repairs which have been
awaiting this slack season. Let us see
to it that they are now attended to with
promptness and dispatch.
FODDER PULLING.
Until we settle on some forage substi
tute* the laborious and expensive “fod
der pulling” must continue to take its
usual place in the operations of the farm
during the coming month. So far, there
is nothing which has superceded the
bright, clean, home cured blade, as
“roughage” for our farm animals; but
we pay a high price for every pound
and the question for some cheaper, yet
equally nutritious, substitute should en
gage our careful study. In doing this
we will discover that in older and far
ther advanced agricultural communities
such an article as our Georgia raised
fodder is entirely unknown, and yet the
supply of forage is ample, and along
with other crops furnish ample home
Supplies.
THE RECENT LABOR TROUBLES,
should cause us more than ever to study
this question of home supplies. Had
the strike been greatly prolonged it is
appalling to think of the almost univer
sal suffering which would have resulted,
not only in the cities but in the farms,
and this in a God favored country,
where every variety of food for man and
beast can be produced at a moderate
cost. It is true that for the past few
years more'time and thought have been
given to producing at home the supplies
needed by our own people, and as a rule,
the farmers are in better condition in
this respect than since the war, but we
should not stop short of complete inde
pendence of all outside markets. There,
are two
LESSONS FROM TIIE STRIKE
which we, as farmers, can take to heart,
and which, if heeded, will prove both
salutary and profitable. One is the im
perative necessity of absolutely aban
doning the one crop system of raising
within our borders all the supplies need
ed, not only on our farms, but by our
entire home population. We have had
a sharp experience, and when with
bated breath we waited for tidings from
the storm center, when in some of our
larger cities scarcely a pound of bacon
or a bushel of meal could be purchased,
we realized in its full force the danger
of our past policy.
The second lesson lies in the fact that
while the congested cities were suffering
from the frantic struggles of their mi
employed and unfed masses, in the
country there was comparative immu
nity from unusual disturbance. The
reports of violence and bloodshed and
starvation were only heard as the mut
terings of a distant storm, which, being
of short duration and limited area, in no
way affected the even tenor of farm
life. Had it continued longer, doubt
less the farmers depending on the west
for corn and meat would have felt the
agitation, but even had the labor dis
turbances been lengthened into months,
the home supply man was fortified.
It is true that the farm offers no glitter
ing inducement in the way of fortune,
the remuneration for days and months
of labor is not large, but the man, who
will honestly and faithfully perform its
duties, need never fear the dire misfor
tunes which so often threaten the la
borers in other callings. To him there
is, at least, eScape from the starvation
and suffering of the overcrowded cities.
It. T. Nesbitt.
FOOD FORMfOII’S
Dairying and Cheese Making
Attracting Attention.
SOME VALUABLE EXPERIMENTS.
The Relative Values of Foods with Cotton
Seed Hulls -and Without Them—Cotton
Seed Food Not Good Without Other
Food Mixed—Cotton Seed Meal Valuable
and Can Be Safely Fed.
The possibilities of Georgia in dairy
ing and cheese making is at the pres
ent time exciting increased interest.
A dairyman's association is now con
templated and with attention attracted
to the subject we hope to see great de
velopment and progress in this agricul
tural industry. Pertinent to the ques
tion are the many inquiries relative to
the proper ration for milch cows. To
the south, this presents its most impor
tant feature, as to the extent and* proper
ration with the fise of cotton seed meal
and cotton seed hulls. The former
finds a ready consumption as a fertilizer
but if care is exercised it can be used
both as a food and a fertilizer—the
dropping losing but little of the meas
ured value of the food while the milch
and food making properties are utilized.
Cotton seed hulls, if utilized, must
find their place as a feed stuff for the
maintenance of stock or the dairy.
Careful experiment is the best test as
to how to utilize these two great pro
ducts of the southern oil mills and we
therefore synopsis of the work of
the Tennessee and Georgia stations on
the proper and profitable ration.
FROM THE TENNESSEE STATION.
Synopsis. —An experiment with two
lots of six cows each in substituting cot
ton seed hulls for a ration of ccrn silage
and hay. The trial lasted three and a
half months. Thirteen pounds of hulls
were found to be equivalent to a ration
of 15 pounds of silage and G pounds of
hay, and to cost about 10 per cent less.
The continued use of cotton seed hulls
and cotton seed meal with no other food
was found to be unsafe.
An experiment is reported in substi
tuting cotton seed hulls for corn silage
and hay in a ration for milch cows.
Twelve cows of the station herd were
divided into two lots of six each. The
trial lasted from December 15 to March
29. At the beginning of the trial, lot A
was fed 80 pounds of corn silage, G
pounds of hay, 3 pounds of cotton seed
meal, and 5 pounds of wheat bran; and
lot B was fed 25 pounds of cotton seed
hulls, 4 pounds of cotton seed meal, and
4 pounds of corn meal. After a few
weeks feeding in this way cotton seed
hulls were gradually substituted for the
corn silage and hay in the case of lot A,
and corn silage and hay were gradually
substituted for the cotton seed hulls in
the ration of lot B.
Finally the grain ration was also
changed so that lot A received the ra
tion throughout which lot B had been
fed, and vice versa. In the last period
of 20 days both lots were brought back
to a uniform ration of 15 pounds of corn
silage, 13 pounds of cotton seed hulls, 3
pounds of cotton seed meal, and 5
pounds of wheat bran. Full data for
the experiment are tabulated for each
animal. Most of the cows ate the ra
tion of hay and silage more eagerly
than the cotton seed hulls.
It was found that the ration of cotton
seed products fed alone, i. e., cotton
seed hulls and cotton seed meal, could
not long be safely continued.
* The result shows that 13 pounds of
cotton seed hulls can be advantageously
used to take the place of 15 pounds of
corn silage and G pounds of liay in mak
ing up a ration with 3 pounds of cotton
seed meal and 5 pounds of wheat bran,
while reducing the coot about 10 per
cent.
We are thoroughly convinced that,
properly used, cotton seed hulls, from
sound seed and free of extraneous mat
ter, of such quality as those furnished
to us for this series of experiments, are
a valuable addition to our list of feed
stuffs for milch cows. We can recom
mend as giving satisfactory results the
use of as much as 15 pounds of cotton
seed hulls in the daily ration per 1,000
pounds live weight. A larger propor
tion has, with our cows, caused a weak
ening of the digestive powers, evidenced
in some cases by a tendency to diarrhea,
in others to constipation.
Cotton seed meal is the most valuable
of all the socalled waste products used
as feed stuffs. It can be safely fed for
long periods, as much as 5 pounds per
day per 1,000 pounds live weight, in the
ration for cows giving milk. For but
ter making it is not advisable to exceed
3 pounds daily. As tlio cow approaches
the time for calving, the proportion of
cotton seed meal should not exceed 3
pounds daily.
Cotton seed meal and cotton seed hulls
should be far more extensively used as
cattle food. These products of the cot
ton fields of the south will enable the
farmers of Tennesse to maintain or to
restore the fertility of their lands at the
least cost for manures.
FROM THE GEORGIA STATION.
To compare cotton seed hulls (10
pounds) with sorghum silage (30 pounds),
eight cows were fed for a period of eight
days on the one ration,and then changed
to the other for eight days longer.
Wheat bran, cotton seed meal, and tim
othy hay were fed alike with both
rations. The two periods were separat
ed by an intermediate period of one
week.
The results are not particularly strik
ing, chiefly for the reason that the cows
were fairly well sustraned by the grain
ration of 8 pounds of bran and 3 pounds
of cotton seed meal and 2 pounds of
Timothy hay. It indicates, however,
that 10 pounds of cotton seed hulls are
not equivalent to 30 pounds of sorghum
silage. The cows could not be induced
to eat more than the 10 pounds of hulls.
Another trial to compare corn silage
with cotton seed hulls, each fed alone,
was discontinued after eight days on ac
count of the shrinkage in milk and in
live weight of the cows fed on hulls
alone. The lot fed on silage neither
gained nor lost in weight, but the milk
yield shrunk nearly 19 pounds.
GENERAL REMARKS.
There Is a General Improvement in Crops
Throughout the State.
We are pleased to be able to report a
general improvement in all crops; boun
tiful rains have fallen all over the state,
resulting in the rap: 1 growth of all
plants.
COTTON-
The condition of cotton throughout
the state lias greatly improved, but not
in such marked degree as that of other
plants, for the reason that much moist
ure with this crop has a tendency to
produce weed, without a corresponding
production of fruit. However., for the
state, over the report for last monto. an
improvement of 5 percent i&snowu. ■*
CORN.
Our farmers are to be congr at mated
on the abundant yield of this great cron
that is assured. Early :r. the season,
and even later, the sever* dr run appar
ently would reduce tiie crop to a very
poor average. The rains, how v.-r.wtta
the exception of thatjaart of the state
where the plant advan. Ito sva a a
- maturity as to be beyond r •rupor
ation, have so improved the conditions
that we are in many sections assured a
very large yield, while for the whole
state the average is good.
T ABUI, AT K D ST AT E MF.NT.
The following tabulated statement
presents the condition of the crop.; as re
ported Aug. 1:
Corn, compared to average. a
condition and prospect... '} ■£ f, ~~2 !15
Cotton, compared to aver u i
age condition and prospect ~ ~g? o j
Ill'll |i j
_ g; 55 7. -7 oq
STATISTICS.
In addition to the usual questions
sent out the department sent out the
following:
It is the object of the department to
compile as accurate statistics as possible
in regard to the average - yield per acre
in cotton, corn and other leading crops,
and therefore wejrequest, and would ap
preciate it if you would make your an
swers as careful as possible. Wo recog
nize the fact that in regard to acreage,
estimates are difficult, but hope from
the views’ of all to obtain approximately
correct figiftes. The questions relating
to average yield, except when specified,
apply to the general average, or usual
crop, and to no particular year.
A compilation of the inquiries sent
under these heads shows a usual yield
or general average during a series of
years for the entire state of 12 1-2 bushels
of corn, 7 2-3 bushels of wheat, 14 2-3
bushels of oats, 8 bushels of rye, sweet
potatoes 93 i-3 bushels, hay 2,127 pounds,
average yield of lint cotton per acre 183.
By sections it is shown by the following
table:
Corn, Wheat, Oats Pota- S. Po- Ilay, Cot
toes, latoes, ton in
lint
NT. fin.... [l7 17 1 :'! 1(1 1-3 .go jS2 00; 100 7 1-3
M. Ga..|ll 7 2-3i 111 70 21701183 IS 1-2
S.W. Ga 101-3:7 i 13 ;97 18 91 17(1 1-2 7
S. E. Ga;l3 7 J3 1-2 117 117 oo' 1731-2 7
E. Ga. 11 I 113 100 '2O 71(181 I
A few years ago there arose a class of
farmers who were ready to claim that
tillage was manure, qnd for a year or
two there was much discussion of the
subject, and while" the position of these
men we . speak of was not maintained,
much good was done in directing atten
tion, in a forcible manner, to the impor
tance of good tillage. Tillage is not
manmv at any time nor under any cir
cumstances; for it does not furnish any
thing to the soil that was not - there be
fore, but good tillage will make availa
ble much plant food that would have
been locked up under other circum
stances. If land is not put in good tilth
before the seed is planted, it is impossi
ble to get tlxe best results from it. Every
little lump that is left in the soil is use
less so far as the growing crop is con
cerned, for the plant food in it is not
available. Often a very good crop may
be grown upon land that is run down
and in had shape if only perfect tillage
is the rule of the husbandman.—The
American Farmer and Farm News.
When you sell a cow, sell the poorest
one you have, but dod’t swear that she
is the best one. It is pretty hard to do
this, but it can be done, and you will
not be sorry for it afterwards.
“Well fed is half bred” is a true say
ing. No man ever starved money out of
live stock.
QUESTIONS ANSWERED
Information Drawn Out by Let
ters of Inquiry.
THE COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS.
It Is Impossible to Endorse Any Special
Article as the Rest—Study and Experi
ment, Alone, Will Reveal Whit Is Rest
Suited to Eash Particular Case—Soil
Analysis—Food for Rone, Etc.
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta, Aug. 1, 1894.
What is the best diet to make large
bonas in animals and men?
S. M. 8., Lake Creek.
Bone in animals of the brute creation
and in man are best developed by food
containing phosphate of lime. With
men Graham flour and oat meal is the
best diet. With horses, etc., oats.
Phosphate of lime., added to the water
win be found beneficial. The water
should not be made so strong of lime as
to become injurious.
HOG MANGE —LICE IN CATTLE.
Some hogs dying with r> and mance. It
is a difficult disease to manage. What
is its cause and what is the besf remedy?
What is tile surest and quick- st run; by
for the black or sometimes called blue
lice on cattle? G. A. R. B ,
Sulphur Springs.
Red mange is caused by an insect.
To cure it paint the affected hogs with
a mixture of one part of tar and four
parts of sweet oil, if you havont the
sweet oil lard can be substituted. For
lice on cattle dust the animals with
Persian insect powder which you can
secure at any drug .store. Kerosene oil
will also remove them.
SOIL ANALYSIS.
I have a piece of bay land that is
drained and is rich for some vegetables
and will not bring some others. Where
can I get it analyzed? H. J. P.
We have on several occasions reviewed
the practical value of soil am
Such analyses are expensive and, from
the small quantity of soil determined
and the variable character of the soil in
different parts of the field, may lead to
erron< on; deductions. In the case you
name if you will give ns'the crops that
can-be successfully grown and those that
cannot from the dominants of these
plants we t ank v>*e will be able to give
you a determination as to what is re
quire 1 that will be c mipavrnivoly accu
rate.
PASTURAG E.
For pasturage for milch cows is it best
to mix your sc, and or sow each sort sep
arate, and what are the best grasses for
pasturage? ,T. I*o., Santa Luca.
. We would advise a mixture rather
than sowing seed separately. For sum
mer pasturage the best grasses are Ber
muda and crab grass. On upland Hurd’s
grass and white clover will give a fair
summer pasturage. Red clover will
furnish a good pasture in spring and
auttunn. For winter pasturage mixt
ures of the following grasses will make
a good pasture meadow: Oat grass,
orchard, blue and Terrell grass, or wild
rye and rod and white clover.
FERTILIZER.
From general reports what is the best
commercial fertilizer to use in our sec
tion?’ -T. A. H., Senoia.
As we have before stated in these re
ports, empirical rules as .to fertilization
are difficult, and the farmer shows his
skill by liis ability, by study and experi
ment, to determine what is host for his
particular soil. The average commercial
fertilizer is prepared on a basis of 8 per
cent phosphoric acid, 2 per cent am
monia and 1 per cent potash. Asa gen
eral plant food for cotton and corn it Itas
proven efficacious. There arc, however,
occasions aval soils that demand a change
from this formula; such, for (example,
as where cotton is subject to rust, when
more potash i' and. o: e led. The farmer,
by varying the formula used on differ
ent plots in his field,has at his command
an excellent method of determining the
needs of Ids soil and in what of the
principal elements of fertility it is lack
ing . This, together with a study of the
plant food demanded ’ey various crops,
will enable him to fertilize more intelli
gently and with better results. It should
be- borne in mind that a large amount of
chemical fertilizers cannot be profitably
applied without a sufficient supply of
humus or organic matter.
WORMS ON MELONS.
What can we do to keep worms from
injuring mu-k melons and cantaloupes?
They eat into them; causing the melons
to rot. Please give us a remedy, or,
better, a preventative, if possible.
A. H. W., Absalom.
We know of no absolute remedy for
the melon borer. Change of ground
will often be found beneficial for the
next season, and care in selecting soil
that does not become too moist, or rath
er retain too much moisture. Placing
the melons before ripening commences
on small chips *or blocks of wood will
often prevent the attacks of the worm
cn the melon so protected.
ROOT ROT IN COTTON.
We publish in full two 3 offers received
from Mr.D.L.F.Peacock, as they pertain
to a question, of vital interest to the
south, i. c., loot rot in the cotton plant.
Until last season little was heard of this
disease in Georgia, and its ravages was
confined almost entirely to Texas and
the west.
Last season inquiries came from Early
county on this subject, a published an
swer to which appeared in the Early.
County News and in the reports of the
department. This season, in addition to
the inquiry from Mr. Peacock, a number
of inquiries from other sections have
been received, which, in some instances,
from the meager facts furnished and
without the plant, we have been unable
to "determine: On account -; of the num
ber of diseases of the cotton plant, some
confusion may arise and our farmers
fail to correct the easily overcome diffi
culty, such as common rust, which is a
physiological condition produced by the,
want of potash and which is entirely
counteracted by its use.
The letters from Mr. Peacock are full
and complete on the subject a descript
ive .of the npanner in which the plant is
affected.
LETTERS FROM MR. PEACOCK.
1 write you to inquire it you know
about the diseas > in cotton, we
will‘call it “blight,” as I know of no
more appropriate name for it. The
leaves of the cotton commence to wither
without any apparent cause and even
tually tlie stalk dries up, sometimes a
limb at a time o’ilj scams to be affected,
but whenever a stalk is affected it gen
erally goes ail over it and finally lulls it.
1 have examined it closely and can find
no insect and am at a loss to know what
to do, for I have a hue patch of cotton
near my horse lot affecto 1 in this way.
It was affected last year and it broke
my stand so badly that I didn’t make
near the cotton I ought to have made on
that account. This y< gr 1 f
would prevent it, by using plenty of
kainit. but find it equally as bad as last
year, notwithstanding I used a good
deal more kainit. I hear of a great many
cotton fields in this section troubled
with it. It is not rust, for I have had
experience with that. I new r saw any
cotton affected like this until last year
in this patch I sp-*ak of. It can’t be
caused from planting the same, land re
.peat-edly in cotton, for mine was never
in cotton until last year, and" then this
is the first time I ever saw cotton af
fected that way.
The fertilizers I use 1 this year on this
patch was a compost of cotton seed and
lot manure, used liberally in the furrow
and followed with 2 :>) pounds per acre
of acid and kainit, equally mixed.
Now piec e*, if you can, tell me wlmt
is the matter with my cotton, and give
me a remedy and ‘ you will greatly
oblige not only me, but many of my
neighbors.
I was at a friend's house recently''and
he took mo out to his field and showed
me E’V k’-d fiue cotton was affected by
this disease. He*called rny attention to
ah ue stalk of cotton, where it seemed
the disease had just struck it, for we
only found one leaf affected. It was
wilted, bat no-doubt that stalk will go
like ot her. •• arofmd it, some all dried up
and others partially, probably a limb or
two. It is certainly a very strange dis
ease. D. L. F. P. '
.
King of all Absollll ‘-!v I
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W 5 \Jx. I
Higliasi tors as ilia World’s Columbian Exposition.
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Retail SaL v:>o:n. sCo Wabash Ave. Lake and Halsted Sts., CHICAGO, ILI •
MALLARY BROTHERS & Q
IMZacozA, Georgia.
REMEMBER WE VRE STILL HEADQUARTERS FOR
l|ii, Mrs, Saw Mi, Sstta Sits, Fb
AND EVERYTHING ELSE IN THE MACHINERY LINE.
Please do not be persuaded into buying anything in our line before writing
for prices. . ,
MALLARY BROS. & Cos, MACON, GA.
FANCY GROCERIES!
May s Block, Nest Door to Livery Stable on 3d Street
Everything kept fresh, neat and clean, and the ladies an
especially invited to call on us.
Vv e keep country raised potatoes and unions, in fact, all kinds o
country raised Vegetables.
Vv e deliver all goods free, and orders are promptly filled i 1
a business-like manner.
Ice cold, lion-intoxicating drinks of all kinds on hand at all times 1
Pure coaeocoiaon hand all the summer, as good as can be found.
Our country friends are also invited to give us their trade
and we guarantee to please them.
GILMORE & lIENCELY.
Jackson, Ga., It eh. 8. 18P4.
SECOND LETTER,
Your valued favor of the twenty-sixth
to hand, and in reply will say in regard
to the cotton that I find that when the
root is affected it commences to show
signs of decay about the time the leaves
commence to wilt. It is a very strange
disease; and the strangest thing about it
is that it is, that it don’t affect the
whole plant at the same time. Some
times only one-half is affected first, and
then gradually from day to day it
spreads till the -whole stalk is affected.
Sometimes, though, the whole top of
the plant is affected and the lower limbs
escape and matures its fruit, but this is
not common, only occasionally so. It is
still spreading in my patch, and I fear
it will do me considerable damage. I
enclose you the cotton roots. One is
from a dead stalk, and the other from
one that is dying. Hope you will examine
them carefully, and see if you can dis
cover the cause. I think it comes by
insects.
The leaves look perfectly healthy up
to the time the stalk is stricken by the
disease; don’t turn yellow or show any
symptom of disease at all, but as soon
as the leaves commence to wilt, if you
will pull up the stalk you will notice bv
cutting the root that it has a black ap
pearance, and 1 suppose you might prop
erly call it root- rot or stalk rot. You
will find not only the root but the stalk
affected all the way up. I suppose,
though, it must commence at the root
first. , Yours, very truly, etc.,
L. L. F. Peacock.
When we replied to Mr. Peacock we
were of the opinion that the disease
with which his cotton was effected was
caused by ozoninum, a fungus that pro
duced the disease, commonly known as
root rot. Since then we have received
from the department at Washington a
report indicating that the plants were]
effected probably by another fungw
known as “Fusorium.” The question
is one of much interest to our farmer
and we hope in our next issue to to
able to definitely settle the identity <i
the organism producing the disease ani
to give some remedy or palative measl
ure that the farmer may adopt.
Somebody has said, “You must feed
your farm if yon want it to feed you,'
and this is true. If you keep taking ofli
your farm and never put anything back
you are breeding poverty for your chili
children.
Hard times are not made any better]
by brooding over them and whining]
about them. It is better to smile than]
to sigh any time. Half our evils are im
aginary and most of the other half pre- ’
ventable.
If you make companions of your chil-1
dren you are laying up a store of com- j
fort for your old age that will return 3 \
very large interest on the investment. ,
The man who works all the week j
ought not to worry on Sunday. Worry ]
is the hardest kind of work.
Your home tells the stranger wlia.
you are What kind of a reputation
does jt give you?
McCarthy’s Catarrh Ointment
cures Catarrh or money refund*
ed sold by Dr. W. L. Carmich*^