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I. THE GEORGIA MIKUOK IS PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, lly H. (<iardaci a A J. 1.. Hull, ( Editors and Proprietors.) At rHREE DOLLARS a year, if paid in .advance, or FOUR DOLLARS, if not paid until the end of the year. Advertisement# will be conspicuously inerted at One Dollar per square, (15 lines 01 less,) the first, and 50 cents for each sub. sequent insertion. All advertisements handed in far publi cation without S limitation, will be published ■t It forbid, and charged accordingly. Sales of Land and Negroes by Execu .» s Ad ninistrators and Guardians, are re paired by law to be advertised in a public (l.i/.ette, sixty days previous to the day of »- lie. The sale of Personal property must be ojver ise l ' in like manner forty days. Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an e-tate must be published forty days. Notice that application will be made to t le Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land ,„,d Negroes, must be published weekly for i ur months. jj* All Letters on business must be i ,ist paid to insure attention. WHO WA NTS BKTTEII EV I I)EN(' K? —lwould refer tlie read ing public i.» me oumorons voluntary letters pubtisiied recently iu tliis paper an I iu ti e Good Sa mi I nan relative toms happy and bene.ic ial elects of the administration of MOFFIT’S LIFE FILLS AND PHE- NiX RITTERS. Those who have perused the letters above referred to "ill observe that in almost every case they attest the fact, that no iiicouvon iencc ol any suit aitcnds the taking ol these medicines, in ordinary cases, but that ilie .patient, without feeling their operation, is univcr-ally left in astronge- and bettor stale if health*iiia:', was experienced previous to being billeted with disease, and m all eas s of acute so ft ••ring, great relief is obtained iu a tew hours, and a cure is generally el- Ceeied la two or three days. In eases of FEVER ol ev v* ‘description, ,-m.l all bill.Hi- atfccllOUS. it is unnecessary 1 ,r me to say aught, as I believe (be LI h K ;vl E Die IN KS »r« now uoivm-aliy admit ted to b : the mast speedy and edetual cure ex tant ill all diseases id that class. The LIFE .MEDICINES ac also a most cxeelb'vit >olie( ill affections «. the L.i sef ,:»id Bo vels, as Ins bceVi proved in ban Ureds of eases where paticuta have <>'•<; fu » ard and requostod ihctr experience in taking them might o« published liu the be i efu of otli'is. In litei-r oix-reiioii in such cases, they restore I lie tone ui the Stomach, lengthen the dige live orga is. and iuvign ).*te tlie iTt'iH'val f uiictiLiis ol ihu wliok-l)o.l) end ihb bci time to both sexes (Ini they are perfectly adapted to each) .an invaluable means of pcVciiiing disease and restoring health. , , . .„ . in nil’ elions o( the head, v. nehri n< - K imp nned with pain and giddiness, or mar ked by the grievous calamity ol impaired immtal energy ; in pa'pitations o< the heart, fiat.ilcnce, hiss <>f appetite, and -trenglh, and he multiplied svmtoms ot dison ere.l ill gestion, THE LIFE,MEDICINES will be found lo possess the must salutary ch.ca -1 ’(institutions relaxed, '.v tT decayed, in npu. or women, are under the immediate influenceof THE Lit* E .UEDk I. Old coughs, a ttunas, and consumptive ha id!S are soon relieved and speedily cured. Poverty of blood, and rmatistAi limbs will ere long meet the happiest change; me chill waterv fluid will become rich and b:d samic, and the limbs covered with flesh, ludli find healthy , Nervous disorders of every Kind, and horn whatever cause arising, fly before the ef fects of THE LIFE MEDICINES, and all that train of sinkings, anxieties, ant tre tnonrs which so dreadfully affect the weak, the sedeutaiy, and the dedicate, will in a short time be succeeded by cheerfulness, and every ol health ✓ For weakness, deficiency of natural strength, and relaxation ol the vessels, by ton frequent indulgence ot the passions, tins medicine is a safe, certain, and invaluable remedy. Those who have long resided in hot cli mates, and are languid anil relaxed in their whole system, may take TIIE Llf E ME DICINES with the happiest effects; and persons removing to tiie Southern States or West indies can not store a more important article of he .th and life. The following cases are among the most recent cures effected, and gratefully ac knowledged by the persons benefited : Case of Jacob C. Hunt. New Windsor, Orange couuty, N Y—A dreadful tumor destroyed nearly the whole ol li is face, nose tand jaw. Experienced quick relief from the use of tlie Life Medicines, and in less than three months was entirely cured. (Case reported, with a wood engraving in anew pamphlet now in press.) Case of Thosmns Purscll, sen r 84 years ofage—was afflicted 18 years with a sw ll ing in his legs—was ent.rely cured by tak ing 42 pills in three weeks. Cese of John Daulton, Aberdeen, Ohio; rheumatism five years— -is entirely cured— has used the LIFE MEDICINES lor worms in children, and found them a sove reign remedy. Case of Lewis Austin, periodical sick headache, always relieved by a small dose, now entirely frt;e from it. Case of Adou Ames ; cured of a most in veterate and obstinate dyspepsia, and gener al debility. Case of Adah Adams. Windsor, Ohio; rhnematisin, gravel, liver Affections, and gen eral nervous debility, hail been confined se ven years; was raised from her bed by tak ing one box of pills and a bottle of bitters , ‘V most extraordinary cure: she is now a very healthy and robust woman ; attested jy her hnsoand Shubel Adams. Case of Mrs. Rjdger, wile of Joseph Laa ger, nearly simeiar to the abjve, result the same. Case of Goodarant, a young unmarried THE MIRROR. woman, subject to ill health several years; a small course ofthe Lite Medicines entire ly restored her; is now hale and healthy. Case ot Miss Thomas, daughter of Eli Thomas; cojgh aud symtoms of con sumption; cured in four weeks. Her sis ter cured of a severe attack of iuflamatory rheumatism in one week l Case of S. Colvin ; cured of a severe at tack of the scarlet (ever in a few days by the Life Medicines. Case of Harriet Twogood, Salina, N. Y. was in a very low state ol'health a year and a half; did not expect to recover. Miss T. is now able te walk about and is rapidly re covering both health an I strength. Case of Benjamin J. Tucker; severe case of fever and ague; cured in a very Imrt spiicfi of time. Direction followed strictly. Case of Amos Davis ; Affection of the Li ver; after trying doctor’s remedies in vain for a long time, was cured by the Life Me dicines without trouble. Extraordinary case of Lyman Pratt, who was afflicted with Phthisic 20 years; effect ed a perfect cure iu 24 hours by Ilie use of the Life Medicines. Thousands of persons afflicted in like manner, have by a judicious use of MOF- F»T’S LIFE PILLS and PHENIX BITTERS, been restored to the enjoyment ot ill the comforts of life. The Bitters are pleasant to the taste and smell, gently as iringe the fibres of the stomach, and give that proper tensity which a good digestion requires. As nothing can be better adapted to help and nourish the constitution, so there is nothing ackn'owled god to be peculiarly efficacious iu a I in ward u astings, loss of appetite, ind geStion, depression of spirits, trembling or shaking of the hands and limbs, obstinate coughs, shortness of b.-eath, or consumptive habits. The Lite Medicines possess wonderful efficacy in all neivous disorders weakness, heaviness an I lowness of spirits, dimness ol sight, confused thoughts, wandering of the mind, vapour aud melancholy, and all kinds of hysteric complaints are gradually remov ed by their use. Iu sicknessof the stomach, flatulences, or obstructions, they are safe and powerful, and as a purifier ofthe blood, they have not their equal in the world. For additional particulars of the above medicines, see Moffat's “Good Samaritan,” a copy of which accompanies the medicin a copy can always be obtained of tiie differ ent Agents w ho have the medicine lo: sale. French, German, and Spanish directions can be obtHued on application ar (lie office 375 I! road tv ay. All postpaid letters will receive and ate attention. Prep red and sold by WILLIAM B. MOFFAT, 375 Broadway, N. Y. A libe ral dv ‘notion made to ih“s» ~„—i. to sell smiu. AGE NTS —ThcLifc Medicines may also be hail of any ot the principal 1) ug'iitsin every town throughout the United States and the Canadas. Ask for Moffat’s Lile. Pills and Phenix Bitters ; .ami be sure that a lac similie of John M«»fl u's signature i upoll the label o! each bottle ol Bitters or box of Pills ijy 25 * l’hesc valuable Medicines are for sale by Mr. Thomas Gardner. Florence, Ga. Jan. lti. 1840 ts 41 The arttcl polished l)c!ow. once ring ills new an I popular doctrine advanced by he illustrious Goeliekc, of Germany, eiAlnot fail of exciting a deep and thrilling interest throughout our country. IVtatclilcss Sailat*vc FOR CONSUMPTION. *3 [ Pranal"ted from the. German.] LOUIS OFFIOIGNCOFKE, SM or UA.N V THE GREATEST OF HUMAN BEN E FACTORS. Citizens of North and South America , r jMO Louis OrroN Goelicke, M. D. of JL Germany, Europe belongs the imperish able honor of adding a new and precious doctrine of the Science of Medicine—a octrine which, though Vehemently opposed by many of the faculty, [of which he is a valuable member,] he proves to be well founded in truth as any doctrine of Holy Writ—a doctrine, upon the verity of whice are suspended the lives of millions of our race, and which he boldly challenges his op posers to refute, viz ; Consumption is a dis ease always occasioned hy a disordered stale of Vis Vitae (of Life Principle) of the human body: QjT’ often secretly lurking iu the sys tem for years before there is the least complaint of the Lungs c Jf)—and which may be as cer tainly, though not so quickly cured, as a com mon cold or a simple headache. An invalua bly precious dectrine this as it imparts an important lesson to the apparently healthy of both sexes, teachin g them that tliis insid ious foe may be an,unobserved inmate of their ‘-clayey houses ’ even while they ima gine themselves secure from its attacks, teaching them that THE GREAT SE CRETIN THE ART OF,PRESERVING HEALTH IS TO PLUCK OUT THE DISEASE WHILE in THE BLADE, AND NOT WAIT TILL THE FULL GROWN EAR. This illustriousocnefactor of man is also entitled toour unfeigned gratitude, and the gratitude of a world, for the invention of bis MATCH L ESS SAN AT IV E, —whose healing fiat may justly claim for it such a title, since it liasso signally triumphed over our great common enemy TION, both in the first anJ last stages,--a medicine which has throughly filled the va enum in the Materia Medica, and thereby proved itself the or Piiysi ciAris^Q) —a medicine, for which all man kind will have abundant cause to bless the beneficentband of a kind Providence, —a medicine whose wondrous virtues have been so glowingly portrayed even by some of our clergy, in their pastoral visits to the sick chamber; by which means they often be come the happy instruments ofehanging de spondency into hope, sickness into health, and sadness of friends into joyfulness. qqq q q GOELICKE’S isn medicine of morevalue to man than the vast mines of Austria, or even the united reasures of our globe,—a medicine, which is ob. lined eyually from asoo* the vegetable, animal and mineral kingdoms, and thus possesses .! three-fold power,— a medicine, which thuugn designed as a remedy for consumption solely, is possess ed of a mysterious influence over many dis eases of the I .man system,—a medicine, which beginfs to be valued by Phyyicans ; w! j are daily witnessing its astonishingcures of many whom they had resigned to the g’aspot the Insa ii able Grave. DOSE of tlie Sanative, for adults, one drop ; sos children, a half drop; and for in ants, a qnarterdrop ; the directions explain ing the manner of taking a half or a quarter drop. <5 q q b A certificate from three members ol the MEDICAL PROFESSION in Germany, in Europe. We, theundersigned, practitioners of me i dicine in Gen ry are well aware that, hy our course,)» nay forfeit the friendship o some of the oil ly. but not of its benevof lent mcnihen vho are uninfluenced by sel fish motives. Though we shall refrain from an expressio of our opinion, either of the soundness c „nsoundness of Dr.Goelicke’s new ~ doctrin«. we are happy to say that we deem his Sanative too valuable not to be generally known—for what our eyes behold and our ears hear, we must believe. We hereby state, that when Dr. -Louis Oft'on Goelieke first came before the German public, as the pretended discoverer of anew doctrine and anew medicine, we held him in tiie highest contempt, believing, and openly pronouncing him to be abase impostor and the prince of quacks. But, on hearing so much said about the Sanative, against it and for it, we were induced, from motives of cu riosity merely, to make trial of its reputgd virtues upon a number of our most hopeless patients; and we now deem it our boundeu duty (even at the expense of our self inter est) publicly to acknowledge its efficacy in curing not only consumption, but other tear ful ma'adies, which we have heretofore be lieved to be incurable. Our contempt for the discoverer of this medicine was at once sw allowed up in our utter astonishment at these unexpected results; and, as amends for our abuse of him, we do frankly confess to the world, that we believe him a philan thropist, who does honor to the profession, and to our country, which gave him birth. The recent adoption of tois medicine into some of our European hospitals is a suffi ont guaranty that it perforin* all its promises. Tt needed not our testimony for whe rit is used n is its ..awn best witness. HERMAN ETMULLF.Iv, . 3. WALTER VAN GAULT, D. ADOLPHUS WERNER, D. Germany, December 10 1 • ' h lb k Post Office Chaplin, Wind-haul, Cos, Con. July 20, 1838. Sir—A most wonderful cure Ins lately becncffci led, through the virtues of Dr. Go click’s Sanative, Fn the case of an elderly gentleman, who w asfarg - ne and wasted away in CONSUMPTION, and considered PAST RECOVERY PY HIS FAMILY PUVSICAN. He is now compare lively speaking, a WELL MAN. I saw him myself* few days since, in company withMiis wife stalling oil a journey to the western part of this State, lie ascribes his escape from the very jaws of death, and his recov ery to Irealth solely to the astonishing vir tues of the Matchless Sanative. He is a man possessing a sung property, but, says « -1 WOULD WILLINGLY PAY ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR A SINGLE BOTTLE OF IT, IF I COULD NOT PURCHASE IT FOR A LESS PRICE. To himthe Sanative is above all value. WATER GOODELL, P. M. The above Medicine for sale, by THOMAS GARDNER. Agent. kMnrrnee. Jbii 24) PROPASALS For publishing in the loan of lrwnfon, Al abama, a weekly Newspaper, lobe entitled the 1 IS W I\ lO\ C 3l ISo\K( LE HAVING heard many complaints of tho want of a Newspaper in tins town, (te be conducted in a gcutleinaiily-like manner.) the undersigned have been induced, by the earnest solicitations ol many Iricuds, to em bark in (tie undertaking. In assuming the duties consequent upon such an enterprize, we leel deeply consc ions of the responsibility which will devolve up on us; and knowing, too, the diversivof the human mind, we cannot flatter ourselves that we will be able to please all. But, so far as our humble abilities extend, we will, at all times be found striving to elevate the standard of troth and correct moral principles. It will be our object to ad vance the prosperity of the Eastern section of our State, abounding, as it does, in so many natural advantages, and. as a necessa ry consequence especially to promote the interest of our own town. Our -aim will be to render our paper useful and valuable to all classes of the community—in short Lit erature, Useful Information, Agriculture, Foreign and Djmestic Intelligence, will each receive a due portion of our attention. In regard to Politics, we deem it neces sary to say, that we shall give the general Political intelligence of the whole country, while, at the same time, as conductors of a Free Press, we will fearlessly, and without favor or affection, advocate and support all such measures as will, in our opinion, pro mote our general prosperity as a people, and the perpetuity of our rights and liberties. - Our paper will be purely Republican, as practised by those great Apostles of Liberty, JEFFERSON aud MADlSON—prefering them as our guide, rather than the new light, sr.LF-STiLED Democratic Republi cans of the present day. We are “strict constructionists” of the Federal Compact, and shall, therefore, oppose all schemes of Internal Improvement, except by the States themselves, as a part of tiiat “American System” which has proved so ruinous to the South, and which was attempted to be fas tened upon us, under that most plausible and specious pretext, the “GENERAL WELFARE.” Believing, as we do, that it is the duty of every good citizen to cher ish with jealous care the “Union of the States, and the Sovereignty of the States,” and as this cannot be done without a strict adherence to the Constitution itself, we shall not be sparing in ourdenunciations of the attempts which are and have been made by the late as well as the present Ad ministration, to control, uot soly the mon ied facilities of the Government, but ot the entire country. With regard to the ques iun which is now agitating the country rela ivelo the Currency, we now, unhesitating ly declare our hostility to the thrice-reje , “* ed Sub-Treasury System, tending as it doe» iu our opinion, to an increase of Executive power, which has already been claimed ahd exercised to an alarming extent, in more iw stances than one, if not hy the present n» Ciimbent, by his immediate predecessor, in whose “footsteps’ oe is endeavoring to uead We expect to encounter many perils, ma ny adverse winds ; yet aided by the strong breath of public favor and support, the trade winds of our world must watt us clear of our troubles—we dare raise our knclior, unfurl our sheets, and venture boldly upon our new snd untried course. What shoals and qnick aands, what rocks and hidden perils await us ,‘alas, we know not!” Let us but clear ibe narbor ami get fairly “under way,” iben we w ill fear nothing. Nor is this the vain boast made when danger is yet io the distance. It is our firm determination, mad' alter se rious thought, and weighing well the diffi culties we are to meet with. The Chronicle will be issued as early as the necessary materials can be obtained from New York, which will be in Decem ber or early iu January next. It will be printed on a large imperial sheet, contain ing twenty-four columns, with entire new type, and will not be surpassed in beauty by any paper in the Southern country. JACK HARDMAN, RICHARD RUE MOONEY. TERMS. —Three Dollars per annum, ayab\e invariably in advance. lrwinton.Ala. Oct. 10, 1839. _____ jp @m a \r. From ihe Southern Literary Messenger . MY COUSIN MARY BELL. TuSk —“ Siltin on a Hail.” Her eyes arc bright as morning beams, First sparkling o’er the mountain streams; The living image of my d.earns, Is cousin Mary Bell, The pretty Mary Bell, The merry mountain bell ; “A lovely thing” the stranger deems, ,M JI Mary Bell White as yen white cloud floating by. Is Mary's brow, and nobly high. Thy cheeks are like the evening sky» My cousin Mary Bell. My blushing Mary Bell; My laughing Mary Bell, Thy ruddy lip allures my eye, My cousiu Mary Bell. When she her silken hair unfurls, Adorned with rows ol shining pearls, It forms a cape of auburn curls, For cousin Mary Bell, The gtaceful Mary Bell, The modest Mary Bell; Among a host of lovely girls. bihe is the reigning belle. Her form is tall, she moves along, The queen among the maiden throng; Tile text of many a suitor’s song Js cousiu Mary Bell. The pretty Mary Bell, The witty Mary Bell; Love grant that I may not be long From cousin Mary Bell. Her heart is pure as crystal ti le That gurgles from the mountain’s side; lier father's hope, her mother’s pride, Is cousiu Mary Bell, The prudent Mary Bell, The careful Mary Bell; My love, and my affianced bride, Is cousiu Mary Bell. o. b. vv. Middletown, ’ Va. 1840. ; POLITICAL LETTER FROM lION. M- A. COOPER to gov. McDonald. Washington, 20th Jan. 1840. To his Fact), C. J. McDonald, Gov. ofthe Stale of Georgia : Sir—l had the honor'to receive your communication ot the Bth inst. covering the preamble aud resolutions ot our Legis lature, approved the 24ili ot December last. These have been forwarded to us pursuant to instructions ot tue Legislature, ibey contain a request that their Representa tives here would endeavor “to have the act of Congress,* [Kissed on the 12th February 1793, to carry into effect the second sec. tiou ot the 4ifiarticle ol the Constitution ol the Uuited Slates, so amended as to author ize the demand ot a fugitive, in the cates contemplated, to be made upon tha Circuit Jude of the Uuited States having jurisdic tion m (lie Slate wherein such lugmve may be found. 2ndly. To require said Judge,” thereupon to issue his warrant, directed to the Marshal of the United States in such State, requiring him to arrest the person therein named. 3Jly. To require said Marshal •‘forthwith to execute the s.une.— 4Lilly. To make it obligatory ou said Dis trict Judge to surrender tiie fugitive so charged and demanded, lo the Executive ol the State or Territory where the offence is alleged to have been committed.” A re spect at all times due to the opinious and acts of the Legislature ot the State we re present, lias commanded horn me that care ful and diligent examination ot the subject, which its gravity demands. The evils, which the proposed amend ments are designed to remedy, exist in the following state of tacts. In May, 1837, a slave named Atticus, the property oi James and Henry Sagurs. of Savannah, Georgia, was conveyed Iroin Georgia to Maine, by Daniel Phibrook and Edward Ketlerau, cit izens of Maine. Thu former was Master, the latter. Mate, of the schooner Boston. 1 This vessel had recently entered the port ufSavannah. (j u the lffth June, of (hat year, Janies Sagurs, on his oath, applied tor and obtain ed from 3 magistrate of Chatham county, Georgia, a Warrant for the arrest of Ptiil brook and Ketlerau, charged with “ a telo ny under the laws of Georgia; ” to wit, liuit of inveigh"!* stealing taking aud carrying away without tiie hunts ol the State of Georgia, the slave Atticus. Uu tliis warrant a return of “ not to be foiiud iu the couuty ol Chatham*’ was made. On the 21st ot tm- month, Governor Schley, of Gcoigia, demanded ol Governor Dunlap of the Slate ol Maiue. the persons of Plnlbrook and Kelleran, charged with tue said offence, as luyitives rom the justice ol Georgia. A copy ut lire artiadavis, war rant and return thereon, accompanied tliis demand. The demand was made by virtue of that clause ofthe constitution* lo enforce which federal legislation is called for. It reads thus: ‘•A person charged iu any State wiih treason felouy or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be louud tu another State, shall, on demand ofthe Executive authority of ihe Stale from whicb he tied, be delivored up, to be removed to the state having jurisdictiou ol the crmis. — HU. sec. 4 than. To this demand, Governor Dunlap repli ed, declining to cause these (ugl'ives to be delivered up. This act ol his was, iu De cember, 1837, declared, by the Legislature ol Georgia, lo be “dangerous to the rights ol the people ol Georgia, and directly aud clearly in violation ol me plain letter ol ilie constitution; lhat the Sla'e ol Georgia be came a pariy lo ihe Federal Constitution, no less for the protection ol her own, Ilian the common rights and interests ol all; and lhat when lliese ends arcdelealed, she is re leased from the obligation of lhat compact ; aud it has become her righ*. and her duty to provide [no e .'tion lur her people in her own way.” The same resolutions directed the finding of an indictment, w inch should become the loiimlaliou ol a renewed demand of those fugitives—winch demand being again refus ed, should make it the duty ol the Governor of Georgia to transmit tliuse resolutions to the Legislature of each State, and the Sen ators and Representatives in Congress.—- They also declare, that if the Legislature of Maine* at tue next session thereafter, should “iicglect to redress the grie ances complained of, then that the Executive of Georgia announce the same by proclama tion, and call a convention ol the people to lake into consideration the slate ot the com monwealth of Georgia, and devise me course of her future policy, and to provide Jifltguards tor the <*■• : of Ilie rights of her people.” On the 7th February, 1838, an indict meut against Thilbrook and Kelleran, charg ing them wuh a felony, was verified by a Grand Jury of Cfialham county, Georgia. On me 27th of April thereafter, Governor Gilmer, the successor ol Governor Schley, made a demand on Governor Kent, ihe suc cessor ol Governor Dunlap. A copy of the indictment, aud of the pioceediugs it was founded on, accninpjnned this demand. Ou the 26th ol June, Governor Kent de clined to deliver up the fugitives, so deman ded by virtue of tiie Constitution and laws of the Union. On the 19th ol August, Governor Gilmer addressed Governor Fairfield, the successor of Governor Kent, desiring to know the course Maine had adopted on the subject of the resolutions ofthe l-egislature of Georgia. lie received far answer, that their Legislature deemed it inexpedient to legislate on tiie subject, since it belonged to their Executive Department. In 1793, Congress passed a law, declaring by whom, on whom, and iu what manner, a fugitive Irom justice, under the 2d sec. 4m article of the United States Constitution, should be demanded, in these words, to wii: “ That whenever the Executive authori ty of any state in the Union, or ol either ol ih Territories, North, W cst or South of me river Ohio, shall demand any person as a fugitive from justice, of the Executive au thority of any such State or territory, to which sueh person shall have fled, and shall moreover produce the copy of an indiement found, or an affidavit made before a magis trate of any State or territory as aforesaid, charging tlie person so demanded with hav ing committed treason, felouy, or other crime, certified as authentic by the Govern or or chief magistrate ofthe Slate or Terri tory from which the person so charged lied, it shall be the duty of the Executive au thority ofthe Stale or Territory to which such person shall have fled, to cause him or her to be arrested aud surrendered, and no tice of the arrest to be given to the Execu tive authority making demand, or to the a gent of such authority appointed to receive the fugitive to be delivered to such agent when he snail appear.” By the laws of Georgia, feloniously taking and Carrying away a slave is a crime, pun ished by confinement at hard labor in the Penetentiary. Under this state of facts, the evil ware under s-ieins to be this : That the property of the people ofGcorgia may be stolen and carried to a 6ister State with impunity: That the authorities «f the State to which the theif shall fiee, will protect him against pursuit, and against ihe justice ot Georgia, in the face of the Constitution. The law 0ff793 has been strictly pursued. If that could give virtue or validity to the demands of the Governor of Georgia, then was none wanted. Still it appears, the law is disregarded, and the Constitution of the country violated. Are constitutional obligations vyenk ? And have they ceased to be a rule of duty ? Or is the law of 1793 defective in such particu lars as are susceptible of amendments ren dering it inefficient ? The law is defective in this: It is mrre ly declaratory, carrying no sanction with it. It prescrioes a duty on an Executive o r a State, which Congress has out power tft do. It is Mere fore nugatory—not binding on a State, and cannot **e made so by an act of this Government. J>o has the Govern, or of Maine considered if. This would be true of any law that might be attempted on the subject. Could those who passed that law have been ignorant that all laws iuipos- sa* sing duties, or commanding an act to be done, are nugatory or inefficient w ithout * sanction? Why then did they not direct what should be done w ith a State whose Governor might refuse? The «niy answer is that they then held, what we now believe that a State cannot be coerced, in a case where she exercises the right of judging. But your Excellency and the Legislature think there is an amendment, which tliie Government is competent to enact, that would be efficient, or might remedy tho evil. On this subject 1 have the misfortune to differ with your Excellency and gislature, in such sort as that duty to ireise 1 represent, and to the supreme law I ;rtn sworn to support, n quires me to decline presenting the resolutions, or attempting to procure the proposed amendments. You say that the third resolution, “ifearri ed out by an act of the federal legislature, tvill deprive the authorities of any State of the pow« ref refusing to suirender a fugi tive upon demand because the act (barged upon him as a crime may not he recognised as a crime in a State or Territory to which he may have fled.” The principle here assumed by your Ex cellency, is one 1 cannot act on, believiug, as l do. that Congress cannot deprive the States of uy power they may have. This stipulation iu the 2d sec. 4th art. of tho Constitution, is nothing more than an rgree ment between the States, evidenced by the solemn forms of the federal cempact; and as result of our form of Government the fed eral power has no authority to enforce it, or punish its violation. Its execution rests with the States, and will he observed with fidelity, or broken with iiulefference, arcor ding as the State called on may feel or dis regard the obligations of tier constitutional cnyagementß. In the case before us. Mains seems not to feel, but to disregard her ob ligations. This if other pariiesto the com pact were interested , would probably lead to hostilities, being just cause for war be tween nations—With u» the effect is the same, unless averted, should ihe pcojffe of our State refuse to submit to this denial of their right of propeny. Assuming that the evil arises from a de fect ofthe law of 1793, you propose to alter it so as to require the “demand” to be made on thejudicial officers ol this Government, instead of being made on the officers of tha Stale. To enlorce the “delivery,” you pro pose lo use the Judg's warrant in the hands of the U. S. Marshal. And by the 3d res olu'ion, on which you place so much reli ance. it is proposed, “to make it obligatory on the said District Judge to surrender” the fugitive. In doing this, you must provide that, io hisjudgm -tit, it is right lie should be sur rendered, (or thinking he ought) that the ** _ I t,uu that the State would first surrender the man to him, or (refusing) that the President and Congress would give the army and navy to command him into his custody. All these provisos involve important principles, most ol which we disavow. Yet they are distinctly couched iu the policy of the pre amble aud resolutions. Upon what do they go ? Evidently on these grounds .* That Congress inay give to I lie Federal Judges jurisdiction over this subject. 2dly. That the State to be acted on, w ill submit. 3dly. If she refuse, that the Federal Government will drive her to it. By tiie preamble it is mitintuined : That this 2d sec. 4tii art. is a “conventional” agreement between the States ; That tho ‘‘Sovereign States,” gave to the Federal ,Government “all the powers necessary and proper,” to reguiate their “intercourse; That the pursuit and arrest of a “fugitive from justice,” is a part of that intercourse And that it is “necessary and proper” that the Federal Government should have the [tower to do what you propose to ask them to do. From these positions, is then asser ted the existence ol such power, and we are thereupon requested to invoke its aid. Tliis inference of “powers,” by what is deemed “necessary and proper,” when no power is specified or enumerated, is at variance with the idea of limited and delega ted “powers.” It is therefore repudiated. 1 cannot conceive that the “intercourse” to be regulated by this Government, between trie “Sovertigu States,” can properly be alledged to refer to the demand of a fugi tive from justice, guilty of “treason” for example. This would be mere “sovereign ty” in its most essential point. This “conventional” agreement is requi red by the terms of it, to be carried out by the Slates, or their authorities. They have the right to say who those authorities shall be, and under (heir sense of obligation and duly, io judge when jin alleged fugitive shall be delivered* By th* Constitution, no jurisdiction is given to the Federal Courts over this sub ject- By a law of Congress y >u cannot give it; and if you could, it woulj not be desirable. This jurisdiction cannot be inferred from the specification in regard to controversies between States, *sinc< it is to prevent a controversy that you would give tl is pow er to the Federal Judge, and hereby de prive the State of the [tower to refuse.— Controversies like tins are jot within the meaning ofthe Cuustiiution. The protection ot the c.tizen is first du# from.the State; and to her hi# al'cgienae is primarily to be paid. Any law changing this relation, unprovided for by the Consti tution. is vo.J. In making it “ obligatory ” on a Circuit Judge to have ihe fugitive surrendered, on a demand made of him by the Executive of State or Territory, is it nut perceived that you bring that G*/ernmm t politicMlv in col lision with one State, at ihe instance of another l Was this ever contemplated 1 Give the Judge the power necessary .to * fulfil his obligations, and do you not sab jugate the Suite ? Without that power, 1# not the law a» inefficient as it wow m! Wirea no resistance cOuld be made to the Federal Court, it i« no! to be supposed the Shit* would refuse to deliver at the dsHfcmJ of* State. But by giving this powe*-to tke CirciTft Judge, thus to deprive a State of the power to refuse, you necessarily give bun the pow er to decide adverse to the demand. 0m» you suppose that he who is educated hpo all tho prejudices and sympathies It fltoxg