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About The Advocate-Democrat. (Crawfordville, Ga.) 1893-current | View Entire Issue (July 16, 1897)
»*?- •yg; ass Uie'cost o a oTwc , _# 1ISHton to think u h see an elegantly gowned v nem ilc ‘before .1 « short while before her dress f",' its transform!! ,,, Hlp fleecv staple, idomed some neighboring cottou mid or that the gorgeous flowers on her hat urohablv had like ori gin but even more wonderful is the change that again takes place «lien these are worn out and re duced to a bundle of old rags, aft er which they are taken to the pa per mills, bleached, ground into a pulp, and through a wonderful process, having many stages, they are made into the finest quality of paper. seed We now come to the cotton and its uses, and introduce the subject by quoting from an arti cle written by Charles W. Dabney, Jr., in the Southern States Maga zine for February of this year: •• The history of no agricultural product contains more of interest and instruction for the student of economics lhan does that of the cottou seed. Science lias done no better thing for man in the laHt fifty years than to instruct him how to use the hitherto useless products of nature and the so called waste products of manufuc lures for the creation of wealth, the comfort and sustenance of man, and the advancement of the arts. The history of man >■ faclures is full of illustrations of this fact; but, as agriculture is the oldest of the arts, and the uses of the fruits of the earth have been known since the earliest times, it is not so common to discover wealth in an agricultural product as it is to find uses for a new min oral or an old by product of the factory. “Therevolutiou in the treatment of cotton seed is a real romance of industry, it has not been twenty years since it was regarded as a positive nuisance upon the planta lion. Formerly it was left to uc, cumulate in vast heaps about gin houses, to the annoyance of the farmer and the injury of his prein Ises; for the cotton seed in those days was the object of a positive aversion, which led the planter to burn it or 1hrow it into running streams, as was most convenient. If the seed were allowed to He about the premises, it would rot; and the hogs and other small ani mals, eating it, would often be c(tme sick and die. It was very difficult to burn, and, when dumped into rivers and creeks, as was frequently done, would be carried out by high water to fill the edges of the fiats with a decay ing mass of vegetable matter which gave rise to offensive odors and malaria. “ Cotton seed was used in the early days to a limited extent as a food for milch cows and other stock, and to a larger extent us a manure; but no systematic efforts were made anywhere in the Hou h to manufacture the seed until iu the later fifties, when (he first cot ton seed iui 11 m were established It . is said .. that here were only , seven cotton seed oil mills iu the South iu I860, i he cotton grow mg industry was interrupted bj the Civil War and the seed-mill "“i.i m... ilT 181,8 8 m Since ““AW that time " K !"‘ the number of mills has been rapidly i..ceasing. There were 25 cotton oil mills iu the South in 1870, 60 in 1880 , 120 in 1890, and about 900 in 1896. The cotton seed mill is now an established fact in the South, und is destined in time to rescue from destruction a large portion of this vuluuble agricultu ral product.” From this extract from the ad SSS the hitherto despised seed. In the for the Georgia Railroad, simple of what they draw from the seed, a complete success has lieen made; and it is an exhibit that wifi be an additional drawing card to the al ready attractive display in this building. A* f t "n t a w 1 rS . b y , Ub i S ,Tu ,. ij ‘T b h . i 1 k n Si ' ™t 1 ,' uu (h« 1 ' l u ’ grades from the , refinery . known , as “ summer vellow, winter "iat jel low," "cotton seed stearin," ad oils." and " summer white; " then the compositions so rapidly taking the place of lard and other Hiking ingredients. Passing this l'l»IUt‘S the soap stock, from whi"h is made the various grades of laundry and toilet soaps. S|K-d mens of all these are shown in costly glass jars, aud these sev eral products are closely ex auiined by every visitor. Divid ing the oils from the soap is a large octagonal glass case. 5 by 8 feet, containing a single cotton stalk with over 400 bollsof cotton, This cotton was rais»>d by J. J. Diering, Covington, Ga. We would that time and space permitted 11 s to show your readers the full value to the South of the cotton seed and what come* from L-'d.!; “ " ■ If we compare the crofi of aeed with the crop of lint of lost year i8,i!50,0<K) bales), at the average price on the farm of seven cents tier pound, it appears that the cot ton seed crop as at present util ized is worth about nineteen per cent of what the lint is worth. As it should be utilized, it would be worth almost thirty-five per cent, The total value of the cotton crop at seven cents per pound on the farm last year was ♦5588,760,000. • f the cotton seed were properly utilized, its value would be fi00, MW,000 more, making the grand total value of the cot ton crop on the farm $388,750,000.” The reader will the value that he places on a cotton seed, »>»«! we not fear of wearying our readers, we would show as briefly as possible t lie history of themes iifacture of cotton front the time the first mill wus erected in Rhode Island in 1795 (said to be the first in this country), follow it down through its different stages to the present day, take up the cotton weed oil mills from the time of the find small plant (erected in the latter part of the fifties), show the phenomenal increase in these in dustries since 1890, as well as the number of people, young and old, dependent in wo many ways and through so many stages, from the fields to the factories, for their livelihood, the profits accruing to the manufactories, the improve meats that could be made in its cultivation, and many other points too numerous to mention. YVe think it could he shown that the cry of reduced acreage will never be successful, and that what is needed is a more scientific and intensive cultivation; but we “ill leave these matters to an abler pen, having, we think, shown that the “Voice of King Got ton” is well and ably ex pressed on the souvenir card in lh(> Georgia Railroad exhibit in the following words: * Not nil thu grandeur of your Northom roiowa (’an limit'll tin* vy hit m*iw of my far »)>i't*nU iiuUU, Nor fleeting i« my faitm, blit evrr grown, Ami wealth ami plenty to my {South¬ land ) ielda.” The next thing to attract the visitor is a handsome arrange ment of Kaolin carved in beuuti f u l and unique designs. This dis play »*l Kaolin is unsurpassed l*y any exhibit of the kind at the Ex position, and lias elicited much fa vorable comment aud inquiry as to the extent aud location of the deposits. Around this we find d, L . various kinds of clays from which fine qualities of paint are made, prominent among them be ing two shades of yellow ocher and one of brown. These clays ar e from Columbia County, on the Georgia Railroad. Among the clays aud deserving of especial mention are the specimens from Stephens’ Pottery, between Mil ledgevilh aud Macon; from the pottery of J. \V. McMillon, of Mil ledgevilie; ami also from Fiske Brothers, of Urovetown all these possessing superior merit, and from which is exhibited an elegant fine of articles iu terra cotta and ‘'enu are. Across from ths are some line samples of tobacco. an article that lias heretofore at (.acted but a comparatively small amount of attention iu Georgia, .imugl. it has been time and again demonstrated that il can be sue eessfi.ll> aud profitably raised. In the extreme rear of the build i.,g is the office, which is within it self uu exhibit, being inclosed by a railing of Georgia pine beautifully turned and polished, with an in mound of earth ten feet in diame planted a handsome array of fo liage plants and (lowers. YVe see a card to the left of this, reading: “This space reserved for a dis play of the fruits raised on the line of the Georgia Railroad, equal iu quality to any in the South.” The management of the exhibit will not attempt to make « display of fruits in glass, but intends to ki-cp creditable s|KH-iuieus iu season of the many f, rnii(fi rai8 , tl 01l , illt . aml t f 1 t ' ... ’ ‘" • “ •« uah ,. 4 v " u ‘ ‘‘ rodu e - ‘ ^ f K 8 1 ' 1 11 * 1 Near the office is to be seen a tine map of the State of Georgia, the lines of the Georgia Railroad being clearly Indicated; also maps of many of the counties through which the road passes. YY'e cannot close without a ref eronee to three articles we find here from Gainesville (that thriv ing city at the foot of the Blue Ridge) that have not been class tied: a miniature buggy for a Shet land jhhiv, manufactured bv the Bagwell aud Gow er Carriage Works. The wood in the buggv is entirely the growth ,*f Hail County. "than The workmanship is more creditable; it is first class; and the buggy is attracting 31:,s i rrSE-TKs There are 4,000 pieces used in the table. It is from the factory of Smith & Co., Gainesville, and does the firm, the maker, and the city much credit. The third article is from the Madison Variety Works. and is a handsome mantle of curly pine surrounding a plate-glass mirror—a piece of work much ad mired, and before which every lady visitor stops. Having inspected and enjoyed the beauties of the exhibit within , h( . t(U j| ( |i n g, | (;t UH turn our atten , ion jo that part of it which is out (to with us to the two trian u immediately in front of the h tat ion and see the Georgia Rail 0 „tdoor exliiiiit. It is worthv of note. We do not lies! ta((1 u ) Hay ttia t it would be an at tractive ornament to Augusta, ,,„ ( j think an effort should In made to have it moved there when ,| l( . Exposition closes. But to the exhibits. As before indicated, there are two triangu¬ lar pieces of ground directly in , / i A r 1 — *-f : •f* - ■ ■*SA 9 ■f*?' J? ) !li A, . . MtUetl ^UBilt-^ - a * £5 JS -m}' , yl Sf.T. SV W3 - n >,'25 K& M m - J r 1 j? .3 35S • "'-“e* rSlWviG-*. VIEW Of"*A PORTION OF EXHIBIT OF GEORGIA RAILROAD., Tknnessbb Centennial Expobiton, Nashville, Tens. f ......f n„- station They are sep al . ahM n» v a roadway lending from ,, 1( . Tm nimil Station to the Trans landing, „ n d, together w p| ( Hr. exhibits and the decora Hons are fairly well shown in the np^trutions ‘ printed with this ar T( , . ,. iute the tasteful i„ which they are ar ’ should be seen. ,,,, ‘ J ‘ $2 u i J^ of (h BeSmans lant8 tll(> ... « '' 1,1 ; N: ^ of Au 1 ,nishod a h wtG 1 tiiem, nan uot ita equul l, u .lie grounds. the sodded blue grass border the words “ Georgia Railroad,” in letters three feet long, composed of broken granite, is a line piece of work, aud deserves all the atten tion it i« attracting. The granite fence, as it is called b.\ visitors, built of long granite triangles is a good specimen of several Nashville people have ex pressed a desire to purchase it when the Exposition closes. In the center of the smaller triangle are two handsome columns of Bithonia granite, surmounted, as seen In the picture, by the Stone Mountain trade mark; aud near there is a pyramid of oxide and iron ore from the large deposits at Harlem, a valuable ore that should be developed, exiK’riments , iavillg shown that from it can bt ub,auud ine . ral , int . . as ia ! nt ‘ P* a8 l “ this t countr ^ A pyramid of oross sections of , Georgia timbers makes a credita ble show; and near by is a good display of the drain tiling and ter ru co,( ' 1 wares manufactured by 11 Stephen* & Bnts., Macon. and the Stephens Pottery, near Milledgeville. Artistically arranged crescent aud circalar beds, filled with roses, geraniums, hibiscus, and other flowering plants, handsome evergreens of many kinds, and l*oautifully sodded grounds, fill out the picture, with the exception of the handsome columns, at the enframe of the building, of Stone Mountain granite, surmounted by the trade mark sign, which seems to hold out an invitation and a s; ss jkkm ssarsar-* tne», and our resources are as solid and as lasting as our granite, ; «'d that our welcome to the bona «<le home seeker will be on the same basis. The Georgia Railroad deserves the “well done” of every city, 'own, and resident on its line for the manner in which it lias pre seated its exhibit, to the public at tention; and it is bound to reap m lh ‘ ! near future th< ' benefit '■'"‘‘'‘prise. <1, l/ i na ° r d , eep!y . interested , in every featur of this exhiint and or the Mposi ,1 ‘ ,n - aad Z [ f dves | - ' 0,1 Wl11 ' ,f , ‘ ver re « iet th " ,r, P r 3irVl3fiU. * I 4 I J ' Electrical . Display »it the , Tennessee Centennial. The visitor approaching th a Centennial grounds at night cau- not avoid recalling Aladdinandhis lamp and the fair visions and sto ries of childhood, so ecstatic is the scene when the illuminated build ings and towers burst into view. YVhen Portia was returning from the trial where, as judge, she had so triumphantly rescued her lov er’s friend from the bloody rapae ity of the Jew. her heart glowing with the expectancy of love, as she approached her palace, saw a light h'miing ,(.,,,.,7 in the ball, and ex ■ f»w- tli*t little candle ,, throws , as hemes! lbus shines a good deed m « naughty world " lo what would Shakespeare , Hken this visirn, were he here to 8, ‘‘“ '*> I'Gle candle ' 0,11,1 hi have said of this fairy that all the world might ?Kf“V?» see? 1 ersons whiwhave witnessed il JuimnaUous a( other expositions m this country and in Europe, aie unanimous m their verdict tha, those of the Tennessee Centennial surpass the best of them. Not only are the lights more artistical ^ arranged for decorative pur poses on the buildings and in the grounds, but they are also much more practically arranged for HBhtiug the interior of the buill j n . b N The Description of Plant. The electoral apparatus consists of 6 general electric alternators, capacity of 120 kilowatts each; 2 brush multicircuit arc machines 3 circuits on each machine; total capacity of each machine, 125 lights; 2 YY’estern electric arc rna chines, capacity SO to 100 light*, respectively; l wood arc machine, capacity 40 lights; 1 50-kilowatt, 110-volt wood machine. Total ca parity of the entire plant, 15. 000 16 candle power incandescent lamps;W0 2,000 candle-power ar • lamps. Thera are burning on the roofs 12,000 8-candle power lamps, These lamps require a very small amount of currant, and the effect jprrx of the cornice have been followed Ml arches have a row of lights above them and the dome alone has 680 lights. The building be ing of pure while, the effect is en chanting. The Transportation Building i, as 620 lights on the roof; the Ag [i c u 11ure Bui!d ; ng has 1,600 lights 0 n the roof, and is considered the effect on tl.e grounds; the Ma chinery Ilall has 580 lights on tie roof; the Negro Building has 479 on the roof; the Rialto has 540 lights, in colors. They are ex hibited in curved lines, following the iines of t>)0 brid £ e > and P F° dnce a most strikingly attractive effect. The Mmoral and Forestry Building has 702 lights on th 7 * r,,of; the Andirorium has Woman’s Building has 280; the History Building has 294; the Pa.* thenon has 2S*> on the roof; the Educational Building has 010. There are a great number of pi vate lights or the grounds and streets, and the number is being constantly augmented. All wires within the park prop er are underground The wire consists of 37,000 feet of the New York Safety Insulated Wire Com pany s lead covered cable; and on the entire underground system there has been no trouble what ever, as new lines have been fol '«wed here in B.e atallation of the underground They have two power circuits 50!) volts and 110 volts, constant potential. The buildings are tho/ oughly wired for power circuits They have in operation at present about 2 0 small motors from i to 1 horse power; 2 6-horse-power mo tors There will be added 2 30 horse power motors and a great many smaller ones. General Information for Visi TORS. • Exposition There a> Tub,ne’’’and'■ ^ • ’ Price’s Collece Ho ■ * . t h American • - I | , 4 There ar- n' . CO ‘7 L 0 tels and numerous pri < • ® within First-class 1 ( s '.V 11 pai-h ' - , o •' • Board, day . , • per m denies, witli meals, |lt° |l.o) ; ‘ou t 0 ’ lHm.-dmg houses, w! net fLB • *2; Without hotels with meals ^ to meals, fl. and upward, Liberal rates will be given by t«a week or month. Ilin> of public carriages, 50 cents to any point one mile from depot; 25 eeuts each additional half mile per each person. Elea trie car fare. 5 cents to any pact of the city and Exposition How to Reach the Grounds. The transportation facilities are excellent. Three lines of electric street cars rut direct to the Expo sition from al 5 parts of the city, a nd the Nashville. Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway runs a trabi every fifteen minutes from the Ua jon i>epot. Fare on railroad Many her- aud electric cars, 5 cents. dies and cabs run to the grounds. he has largely increased his plant¬ ing for the year 1897. Should he meet with the same measure of success this year that he did last, a new industry will be assured for Middle Tennessee, and we may ex¬ pect to see thousands of acres of '■ in: paratively sterile soil utilized for the growing of this product. The fact is that the yellow Carolina to¬ bacco culture in North an( j Virginia shows one of the most abnormal developments in agr i cu lt ure that the world has ever seen . old fields that had been sterilized by improvident and slov en ] y cultivation and abandoned, became in their suitableness for g row ing yellow tobacco by far the mogt profitable farming’lands in t fi e two States. Poverty in the soil f or once became the first principle 0 f agriculture. The lands in those gt ates that produce tobacco which commands the highest prices have a light cream-colored, sandy sur f ac0j destitute of humus and of every element of fertility. If planted in Indian corn, so great is the poverty of the,soil that it will scar cely attain the height of two feet, and will yield no grain this yellow what¬ ever. Upon such lands tobacco is grown by apolying to the porous, spongy earth just fer¬ tilizers enough and no more to bring the plant to a moderate size. Then to make the best product, the fertilizers should be exhausted when the plant goes into a decline, losing vitality day by day, growing each day more and more yellow, until it reaches a condition when it is liable to have decayed spots upon the surface of the leaves. Just at this stage it is cut and cur¬ ed in a highly scientific manner by the use of a thermometer. The wonderful transformation wrought in the poorer districts of North Carolina by the cultivation of this peculiar type of tobacco de¬ serves notice. The old sterilized and abandoned field grown up in bamboo briers, chinquapin bushes and sickly scrubby pines that in 1860 could with difficulty be sold for 50 cents per acre, came in de¬ mand at $50 per acre in 1880, when their capacity for growing a high grade of yellow tobacco was de¬ monstrated by the excellence and beauty of the product. Old towns that had been well nigh deserted because of the decay of agriculture in the regions that surrounded them, suddenly took on fresh life when the fact was shown that the surrounding lands would produce yellow tobacco. New railroads were built; scores of establish¬ ments both for the manufacture of cotton aud tobacco gave a new im¬ pulse to every other industry^ North Carolina to-day has about 190 cotton factories and some 250 tobacco factories in operation, all the result of the successful culture and curing of yellow tobacco. This industry has been more bene¬ ficial to the people of that State than a hundred gold mines. VELLOW TOBACCO. 1 | 8 way—Interesting Facts for j the Farmers of the Country—Results of the Vellow Tobacco Industry in North Carolina. Two leading types of tobacco may be seen in the exhibit made at the Centennial Exposition by the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway—one is the yellow tobacco and the other the heavy shipping tobacco. Of the yellow type many inter esting facts may be mentioned. That seen in the exhibit was grown on the whitish lands near Tulla- ; homa, by Hon. James G. Aydelott, , during the past year. Mr. Ayde lott planted it more as an experi ment than with the expectation of rivaling the yellow products of North Carolina and Virginia. His success, however, was pronounced, and so firmly convinced is he of the capability of the soil around Tullahoma for growing a high grade of the yellow tobacco that SCHEDULE OF THROUGH TRAILS FROM AUGUSTA AND LINE OF GEORGIA RAILROAD .0 NASHVILLE AND RETURN. Augusta to l\ashy Hie Nashville to Augusta Read Down. Read Up. STATIONS. Ex Exposit’n Express. Exposit’n press Limited. Limited. 10 30 p.m. 3 20 p.m Lv .....Augusta..... .... Ar 1 50 pm 5 15 a m. ^29 4 04 ......Harlem..... 12 12 52 28 “ 4 3 52 18 “ •* 1158 “ 4 25 “ .....Thomson..... 12 16 p.m. 4 42 p m Ar ........Camak....... Lv 12 10 p m. 3 33 a m. . . . - gQ p.m Lv. ..........Macon..., 5 30 p.m. 910 1 00 p m. ......Milledgeville 3 55 ‘ I 1027 ‘ 2 45 ..........Sparta... 2 45 “ }| 4 20 “ ......Warrenton... 1 16 “ 4 40 p.m Ar. ..........Camak..., 1 00 p.m. 12 25 a m. 4 47 p.m. r ......Norwood Ar 12 03 p.m 3 25 am. 12 40 a.m. 5 00 p m. > .......Barnett.. Lv 11 50 a.m 3 12 a m. 4 05 p.m. Lv .....Washington Ar 1 00 p m. - 4 47 ........Barnett,.. ........Sharon. . r r 12 12 05 18 |.......... 5 OOpra Ar.. p.m. 12 40 a.m. 5 00 p.m Lv. ........Barnett..... Ar 11 50 a.m. 3 12 a m 12 54 6 10 . Crawfordville .. Lv 11 11 38 19 “ [2 2 69 37 “ 1 18 am 5 30 p.m,| Ar .....Union Point... . a 111 a ni. — 4 00 p.m. Lv...... .Athens...... Ar 12 50 p.m. ... .... 12 09 .... 4 41 " .Crawford..... ' 4 54 “ .Stephens..... 11 56 ‘ . ....! 5 01 " Maxeys..... 11 49 “ ... ...... . Lvlll j 5 80 p.m \r .....Union Point... 20 a.m. ... 1 18 a m. 10 30 p. m. Lv .....Union Point..... .....tr 11 19 a m. 2 37 a in 1 34 “ 10 45 “ 1 .....Greensboro...... " IU 06 “ 2 24 “ 2 t« “ CO 20 “ - .......Madison c- 30 " 1 46 “ 52 “ o 47 - .....Social Circle as 59 “ 1 14 “ 2 oz 39 “ 12 54 “ 3 18 “ I- 05 - ......Covington ..... “ 05 18 “ 12 34 “ 3 40 : I - 23 : .......Conyers 00 50 “ 12 05 “ 4 15 : I'" 49 z ...Stone Mountain... 5 00 a.m. 00 M p m. Ar.. ........Atlanta........ cc 20 a.m. 11 35 p.m. 8 15 a m. 8 50 p m. < Atlanta...... . > r‘ 8 05 a.m 7 ... 1 00 p.m 1 10 a m. -% .Chattanooga .Lv 4 05 " L 1 30 " 1 30 “ < .Chattanooga..........Ar 3 55 2 6 55 p.m 6 45 a m. ..Nashville............. Lv It 20 p m. 9 - am . n Uliman ,, F'aiace n . Sleepers „ 7 hmturh Withnut Chantre * nn ' Exposition . Limited. ... Palace Sleepers on Express Between Augusta and Atlanta and Return. For Further Information, Regarding Rates. Etc., Apply to Local Agents, or to Joe YV. White. T. P. A Augusta. Ga YY\ \V. Hardwick, P. A .....Macon, Ga s. w Wilkes,C F & P. A. Atlanta,Ga M. R. Hudson, S.F.A Milledgeville,Ga H. R- Jackson, C. F A..... Macon. Ga. R.E. Morgan, S. A. .Chattanooga,Tenn. H K Nicholson, G. A.....Athens, Ga. T. H. Moork, C. A.....Nashville, Tenn. & W. Corns, s. F AP. A. .St. Louis, Mo. Augusta, Ga. J. F. Anderson, G. W. A.. YV I Cornier, C- A.. .Charleston,8.C. C. H. Graves S. A ........ Chicago. Ill THOM AS K. SCOTT. A. G. JACKSON, General Manager. Qen. Pass. Agent, AUGUSTA, GA.
