Newspaper Page Text
»*?- •yg; ass
Uie'cost o a
oTwc , _# 1ISHton to think
u h see an elegantly gowned
v nem ilc ‘before .1 « short while before
her dress f",' its transform!!
,,, Hlp fleecv staple,
idomed some neighboring cottou
mid or that the gorgeous flowers
on her hat urohablv had like ori
gin but even more wonderful is
the change that again takes place
«lien these are worn out and re
duced to a bundle of old rags, aft
er which they are taken to the pa
per mills, bleached, ground into a
pulp, and through a wonderful
process, having many stages, they
are made into the finest quality of
paper. seed
We now come to the cotton
and its uses, and introduce the
subject by quoting from an arti
cle written by Charles W. Dabney,
Jr., in the Southern States Maga
zine for February of this year:
•• The history of no agricultural
product contains more of interest
and instruction for the student of
economics lhan does that of the
cottou seed. Science lias done no
better thing for man in the laHt
fifty years than to instruct him
how to use the hitherto useless
products of nature and the so
called waste products of manufuc
lures for the creation of wealth,
the comfort and sustenance of
man, and the advancement of
the arts. The history of man >■
faclures is full of illustrations of
this fact; but, as agriculture is the
oldest of the arts, and the uses of
the fruits of the earth have been
known since the earliest times, it
is not so common to discover
wealth in an agricultural product
as it is to find uses for a new min
oral or an old by product of the
factory.
“Therevolutiou in the treatment
of cotton seed is a real romance of
industry, it has not been twenty
years since it was regarded as a
positive nuisance upon the planta
lion. Formerly it was left to uc,
cumulate in vast heaps about gin
houses, to the annoyance of the
farmer and the injury of his prein
Ises; for the cotton seed in those
days was the object of a positive
aversion, which led the planter to
burn it or 1hrow it into running
streams, as was most convenient.
If the seed were allowed to He
about the premises, it would rot;
and the hogs and other small ani
mals, eating it, would often be
c(tme sick and die. It was very
difficult to burn, and, when
dumped into rivers and creeks, as
was frequently done, would be
carried out by high water to fill
the edges of the fiats with a decay
ing mass of vegetable matter
which gave rise to offensive odors
and malaria.
“ Cotton seed was used in the
early days to a limited extent as a
food for milch cows and other
stock, and to a larger extent us a
manure; but no systematic efforts
were made anywhere in the Hou h
to manufacture the seed until iu
the later fifties, when (he first cot
ton seed iui 11 m were established
It . is said .. that here were only ,
seven cotton seed oil mills iu the
South iu I860, i he cotton grow
mg industry was interrupted bj
the Civil War and the seed-mill
"“i.i m... ilT 181,8 8 m Since ““AW that time " K !"‘ the
number of mills has been rapidly
i..ceasing. There were 25 cotton
oil mills iu the South in 1870, 60
in 1880 , 120 in 1890, and about 900
in 1896. The cotton seed mill is
now an established fact in the
South, und is destined in time to
rescue from destruction a large
portion of this vuluuble agricultu
ral product.”
From this extract from the ad
SSS
the hitherto despised seed. In the
for the Georgia Railroad, simple of what
they draw from the seed, a
complete success has lieen made;
and it is an exhibit that wifi be an
additional drawing card to the al
ready attractive display in this
building.
A* f t "n t a w 1 rS . b y , Ub
i S ,Tu ,. ij ‘T
b h . i 1 k n Si
' ™t 1 ,' uu (h« 1 ' l u
’
grades from the , refinery . known ,
as “ summer vellow, winter "iat jel
low," "cotton seed stearin,"
ad oils." and " summer white; "
then the compositions so rapidly
taking the place of lard and other
Hiking ingredients. Passing this
l'l»IUt‘S the soap stock, from whi"h
is made the various grades of
laundry and toilet soaps. S|K-d
mens of all these are shown in
costly glass jars, aud these sev
eral products are closely ex
auiined by every visitor. Divid
ing the oils from the soap is a
large octagonal glass case. 5 by 8
feet, containing a single cotton
stalk with over 400 bollsof cotton,
This cotton was rais»>d by J. J.
Diering, Covington, Ga.
We would that time and space
permitted 11 s to show your readers
the full value to the South of the
cotton seed and what come* from
L-'d.!; “ "
■ If we compare the crofi of aeed
with the crop of lint of lost year
i8,i!50,0<K) bales), at the average
price on the farm of seven cents
tier pound, it appears that the cot
ton seed crop as at present util
ized is worth about nineteen per
cent of what the lint is worth. As
it should be utilized, it would be
worth almost thirty-five per cent,
The total value of the cotton crop
at seven cents per pound on the
farm last year was ♦5588,760,000.
• f the cotton seed were properly
utilized, its value would be fi00,
MW,000 more, making the grand
total value of the cot ton crop on
the farm $388,750,000.”
The reader will the value
that he places on a cotton seed,
»>»«! we not fear of wearying our
readers, we would show as briefly
as possible t lie history of themes
iifacture of cotton front the time
the first mill wus erected in Rhode
Island in 1795 (said to be the first
in this country), follow it down
through its different stages to the
present day, take up the cotton
weed oil mills from the time of the
find small plant (erected in the
latter part of the fifties), show the
phenomenal increase in these in
dustries since 1890, as well as the
number of people, young and old,
dependent in wo many ways and
through so many stages, from the
fields to the factories, for their
livelihood, the profits accruing to
the manufactories, the improve
meats that could be made in its
cultivation, and many other points
too numerous to mention. YVe
think it could he shown that the
cry of reduced acreage will never
be successful, and that what is
needed is a more scientific
and intensive cultivation; but we
“ill leave these matters to an
abler pen, having, we think,
shown that the “Voice of King
Got ton” is well and ably ex
pressed on the souvenir card in
lh(> Georgia Railroad exhibit in
the following words:
* Not nil thu grandeur of your Northom
roiowa
(’an limit'll tin* vy hit m*iw of my far
»)>i't*nU iiuUU,
Nor fleeting i« my faitm, blit evrr
grown,
Ami wealth ami plenty to my {South¬
land ) ielda.”
The next thing to attract the
visitor is a handsome arrange
ment of Kaolin carved in beuuti
f u l and unique designs. This dis
play »*l Kaolin is unsurpassed l*y
any exhibit of the kind at the Ex
position, and lias elicited much fa
vorable comment aud inquiry as
to the extent aud location of the
deposits. Around this we find
d, L . various kinds of clays from
which fine qualities of paint are
made, prominent among them be
ing two shades of yellow ocher
and one of brown. These clays
ar e from Columbia County, on the
Georgia Railroad. Among the
clays aud deserving of especial
mention are the specimens from
Stephens’ Pottery, between Mil
ledgevilh aud Macon; from the
pottery of J. \V. McMillon, of Mil
ledgevilie; ami also from Fiske
Brothers, of Urovetown all these
possessing superior merit, and
from which is exhibited an elegant
fine of articles iu terra cotta and
‘'enu are. Across from ths
are some line samples of tobacco.
an article that lias heretofore at
(.acted but a comparatively small
amount of attention iu Georgia,
.imugl. it has been time and again
demonstrated that il can be sue
eessfi.ll> aud profitably raised.
In the extreme rear of the build
i.,g is the office, which is within it
self uu exhibit, being inclosed by a
railing of Georgia pine beautifully
turned and polished, with an in
mound of earth ten feet in diame
planted a handsome array of fo
liage plants and (lowers. YVe see
a card to the left of this, reading:
“This space reserved for a dis
play of the fruits raised on the
line of the Georgia Railroad,
equal iu quality to any in the
South.” The management of the
exhibit will not attempt to make
« display of fruits in glass,
but intends to ki-cp creditable
s|KH-iuieus iu season of the many f,
rnii(fi rai8 , tl 01l , illt . aml t
f 1 t ' ... ’ ‘" • “ •« uah ,. 4 v " u ‘ ‘‘ rodu e
-
‘ ^ f K
8 1 ' 1 11 * 1
Near the office is to be seen a
tine map of the State of Georgia,
the lines of the Georgia Railroad
being clearly Indicated; also maps
of many of the counties through
which the road passes.
YY'e cannot close without a ref
eronee to three articles we find
here from Gainesville (that thriv
ing city at the foot of the Blue
Ridge) that have not been class
tied: a miniature buggy for a Shet
land jhhiv, manufactured bv the
Bagwell aud Gow er Carriage
Works. The wood in the buggv
is entirely the growth ,*f Hail
County. "than The workmanship is
more creditable; it is first
class; and the buggy is attracting
31:,s i rrSE-TKs
There are 4,000 pieces used in the
table. It is from the factory of
Smith & Co., Gainesville, and does
the firm, the maker, and the city
much credit. The third article is
from the Madison Variety Works.
and is a handsome mantle of curly
pine surrounding a plate-glass
mirror—a piece of work much ad
mired, and before which every
lady visitor stops.
Having inspected and enjoyed
the beauties of the exhibit within
, h( . t(U j| ( |i n g, | (;t UH turn our atten
, ion jo that part of it which is out
(to with us to the two trian
u immediately in front of the
h tat ion and see the Georgia Rail
0 „tdoor exliiiiit. It is
worthv of note. We do not lies!
ta((1 u ) Hay ttia t it would be an at
tractive ornament to Augusta,
,,„ ( j think an effort should In
made to have it moved there when
,| l( . Exposition closes.
But to the exhibits. As before
indicated, there are two triangu¬
lar pieces of ground directly in
,
/
i A
r 1 — *-f
: •f*
- ■
■*SA 9 ■f*?' J?
) !li A, . . MtUetl ^UBilt-^ -
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£5 JS
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• "'-“e* rSlWviG-*.
VIEW Of"*A PORTION OF EXHIBIT OF GEORGIA RAILROAD.,
Tknnessbb Centennial Expobiton, Nashville, Tens.
f ......f n„- station They are sep
al . ahM n» v a roadway lending from
,, 1( . Tm nimil Station to the Trans
landing, „ n d, together
w p| ( Hr. exhibits and the decora
Hons are fairly well shown in the
np^trutions ‘ printed with this ar
T( , . ,. iute the tasteful
i„ which they are ar
’ should be seen.
,,,, ‘ J ‘ $2 u i J^ of (h BeSmans lant8 tll(>
... « '' 1,1 ; N: ^ of
Au 1 ,nishod a h wtG 1
tiiem, nan uot ita equul
l, u .lie grounds.
the sodded blue grass border
the words “ Georgia Railroad,” in
letters three feet long, composed
of broken granite, is a line piece of
work, aud deserves all the atten
tion it i« attracting.
The granite fence, as it is called
b.\ visitors, built of long granite
triangles is a good specimen of
several Nashville people have ex
pressed a desire to purchase it
when the Exposition closes. In
the center of the smaller triangle
are two handsome columns of
Bithonia granite, surmounted, as
seen In the picture, by the Stone
Mountain trade mark; aud near
there is a pyramid of oxide and
iron ore from the large deposits at
Harlem, a valuable ore that
should be developed, exiK’riments
, iavillg shown that from it can bt
ub,auud ine . ral , int . .
as ia ! nt ‘ P* a8
l “ this t countr ^
A pyramid of oross sections of ,
Georgia timbers makes a credita
ble show; and near by is a good
display of the drain tiling and ter
ru co,( ' 1 wares manufactured by
11 Stephen* & Bnts., Macon.
and the Stephens Pottery, near
Milledgeville.
Artistically arranged crescent
aud circalar beds, filled with
roses, geraniums, hibiscus, and
other flowering plants, handsome
evergreens of many kinds, and
l*oautifully sodded grounds, fill
out the picture, with the exception
of the handsome columns, at the
enframe of the building, of Stone
Mountain granite, surmounted by
the trade mark sign, which seems
to hold out an invitation and a
s; ss jkkm
ssarsar-*
tne», and our resources are as
solid and as lasting as our granite,
; «'d that our welcome to the bona
«<le home seeker will be on the
same basis.
The Georgia Railroad deserves
the “well done” of every city,
'own, and resident on its line for
the manner in which it lias pre
seated its exhibit, to the public at
tention; and it is bound to reap m
lh ‘ ! near future th< ' benefit
'■'"‘‘'‘prise.
<1, l/ i na ° r
d , eep!y . interested , in every featur
of this exhiint and or the Mposi
,1 ‘ ,n - aad Z [
f dves | - ' 0,1 Wl11 ' ,f , ‘ ver re « iet th "
,r, P
r 3irVl3fiU. * I 4
I J
'
Electrical . Display »it the ,
Tennessee Centennial.
The visitor approaching th a
Centennial grounds at night cau-
not avoid recalling Aladdinandhis
lamp and the fair visions and sto
ries of childhood, so ecstatic is the
scene when the illuminated build
ings and towers burst into view.
YVhen Portia was returning from
the trial where, as judge, she had
so triumphantly rescued her lov
er’s friend from the bloody rapae
ity of the Jew. her heart glowing
with the expectancy of love, as she
approached her palace, saw a light
h'miing ,(.,,,.,7 in the ball, and ex
■
f»w- tli*t little candle ,, throws , as
hemes!
lbus shines a good deed m « naughty
world "
lo what would Shakespeare ,
Hken this visirn, were he here to
8, ‘‘“ '*> I'Gle candle
' 0,11,1 hi have said of this fairy
that all the world might ?Kf“V?» see?
1 ersons whiwhave witnessed il
JuimnaUous a( other expositions
m this country and in Europe, aie
unanimous m their verdict tha,
those of the Tennessee Centennial
surpass the best of them. Not
only are the lights more artistical
^ arranged for decorative pur
poses on the buildings and in the
grounds, but they are also much
more practically arranged for
HBhtiug the interior of the buill
j n . b N
The Description of Plant.
The electoral apparatus consists
of 6 general electric alternators,
capacity of 120 kilowatts each;
2 brush multicircuit arc machines
3 circuits on each machine; total
capacity of each machine, 125
lights; 2 YY’estern electric arc rna
chines, capacity SO to 100 light*,
respectively; l wood arc machine,
capacity 40 lights; 1 50-kilowatt,
110-volt wood machine. Total ca
parity of the entire plant, 15.
000 16 candle power incandescent
lamps;W0 2,000 candle-power ar •
lamps. Thera are burning on the
roofs 12,000 8-candle power lamps,
These lamps require a very small
amount of currant, and the effect
jprrx of the cornice have been followed
Ml arches have a row of lights
above them and the dome alone
has 680 lights. The building be
ing of pure while, the effect is en
chanting.
The Transportation Building
i, as 620 lights on the roof; the Ag
[i c u 11ure Bui!d ; ng has 1,600 lights
0 n the roof, and is considered the
effect on tl.e grounds; the Ma
chinery Ilall has 580 lights on tie
roof; the Negro Building has 479
on the roof; the Rialto has
540 lights, in colors. They are ex
hibited in curved lines, following
the iines of t>)0 brid £ e > and P F°
dnce a most strikingly attractive
effect. The Mmoral and Forestry
Building has 702 lights on th 7 *
r,,of; the Andirorium has
Woman’s Building has 280; the
History Building has 294; the Pa.*
thenon has 2S*> on the roof; the
Educational Building has 010.
There are a great number of pi
vate lights or the grounds and
streets, and the number is being
constantly augmented.
All wires within the park prop
er are underground The wire
consists of 37,000 feet of the New
York Safety Insulated Wire Com
pany s lead covered cable; and on
the entire underground system
there has been no trouble what
ever, as new lines have been fol
'«wed here in B.e atallation of the
underground
They have two power circuits
50!) volts and 110 volts, constant
potential. The buildings are tho/
oughly wired for power circuits
They have in operation at present
about 2 0 small motors from i to 1
horse power; 2 6-horse-power mo
tors There will be added 2 30
horse power motors and a great
many smaller ones.
General Information for Visi
TORS.
•
Exposition There a>
Tub,ne’’’and'■ ^
• ’ Price’s Collece Ho
■ * . t h American
• - I | , 4 There ar- n'
. CO
‘7 L 0 tels and numerous pri
< • ® within First-class
1 ( s '.V 11 pai-h
' -
,
o •' •
Board, day . , •
per m
denies, witli meals, |lt° |l.o) ;
‘ou t 0 ’
lHm.-dmg houses, w! net fLB •
*2; Without hotels with meals ^ to
meals, fl. and upward,
Liberal rates will be given by t«a
week or month.
Ilin> of public carriages, 50
cents to any point one mile from
depot; 25 eeuts each additional
half mile per each person. Elea
trie car fare. 5 cents to any pact
of the city and Exposition
How to Reach the Grounds.
The transportation facilities are
excellent. Three lines of electric
street cars rut direct to the Expo
sition from al 5 parts of the city,
a nd the Nashville. Chattanooga
and St. Louis Railway runs a trabi
every fifteen minutes from the Ua
jon i>epot. Fare on railroad Many her- aud
electric cars, 5 cents.
dies and cabs run to the grounds.
he has largely increased his plant¬
ing for the year 1897. Should he
meet with the same measure of
success this year that he did last,
a new industry will be assured for
Middle Tennessee, and we may ex¬
pect to see thousands of acres of
'■ in: paratively sterile soil utilized
for the growing of this product.
The fact is that the yellow Carolina to¬
bacco culture in North
an( j Virginia shows one of the
most abnormal developments in
agr i cu lt ure that the world has ever
seen . old fields that had been
sterilized by improvident and slov
en ] y cultivation and abandoned,
became in their suitableness for
g row ing yellow tobacco by far the
mogt profitable farming’lands in
t fi e two States. Poverty in the soil
f or once became the first principle
0 f agriculture. The lands in those
gt ates that produce tobacco which
commands the highest prices have
a light cream-colored, sandy sur
f ac0j destitute of humus and of
every element of fertility. If
planted in Indian corn, so great is
the poverty of the,soil that it will
scar cely attain the height of two
feet, and will yield no grain this yellow what¬
ever. Upon such lands
tobacco is grown by apolying to
the porous, spongy earth just fer¬
tilizers enough and no more to
bring the plant to a moderate size.
Then to make the best product, the
fertilizers should be exhausted
when the plant goes into a decline,
losing vitality day by day, growing
each day more and more yellow,
until it reaches a condition when
it is liable to have decayed spots
upon the surface of the leaves.
Just at this stage it is cut and cur¬
ed in a highly scientific manner by
the use of a thermometer.
The wonderful transformation
wrought in the poorer districts of
North Carolina by the cultivation
of this peculiar type of tobacco de¬
serves notice. The old sterilized
and abandoned field grown up in
bamboo briers, chinquapin bushes
and sickly scrubby pines that in
1860 could with difficulty be sold
for 50 cents per acre, came in de¬
mand at $50 per acre in 1880, when
their capacity for growing a high
grade of yellow tobacco was de¬
monstrated by the excellence and
beauty of the product. Old towns
that had been well nigh deserted
because of the decay of agriculture
in the regions that surrounded
them, suddenly took on fresh life
when the fact was shown that the
surrounding lands would produce
yellow tobacco. New railroads
were built; scores of establish¬
ments both for the manufacture of
cotton aud tobacco gave a new im¬
pulse to every other industry^
North Carolina to-day has about
190 cotton factories and some 250
tobacco factories in operation, all
the result of the successful culture
and curing of yellow tobacco.
This industry has been more bene¬
ficial to the people of that State
than a hundred gold mines.
VELLOW TOBACCO.
1 |
8
way—Interesting Facts for
j the Farmers of the
Country—Results of the Vellow Tobacco
Industry in North Carolina.
Two leading types of tobacco
may be seen in the exhibit made
at the Centennial Exposition by
the Nashville, Chattanooga & St.
Louis Railway—one is the yellow
tobacco and the other the heavy
shipping tobacco.
Of the yellow type many inter
esting facts may be mentioned.
That seen in the exhibit was grown
on the whitish lands near Tulla- ;
homa, by Hon. James G. Aydelott, ,
during the past year. Mr. Ayde
lott planted it more as an experi
ment than with the expectation of
rivaling the yellow products of
North Carolina and Virginia. His
success, however, was pronounced,
and so firmly convinced is he of
the capability of the soil around
Tullahoma for growing a high
grade of the yellow tobacco that
SCHEDULE OF THROUGH TRAILS
FROM
AUGUSTA AND LINE OF GEORGIA RAILROAD
.0
NASHVILLE AND RETURN.
Augusta to l\ashy Hie Nashville to Augusta
Read Down. Read Up.
STATIONS.
Ex Exposit’n Express. Exposit’n
press Limited. Limited.
10 30 p.m. 3 20 p.m Lv .....Augusta..... .... Ar 1 50 pm 5 15 a m.
^29 4 04 ......Harlem..... 12 12 52 28 “ 4 3 52 18 “ •*
1158 “ 4 25 “ .....Thomson.....
12 16 p.m. 4 42 p m Ar ........Camak....... Lv 12 10 p m. 3 33 a m.
. . .
- gQ p.m Lv. ..........Macon..., 5 30 p.m.
910 1 00 p m. ......Milledgeville 3 55 ‘ I
1027 ‘ 2 45 ..........Sparta... 2 45 “
}| 4 20 “ ......Warrenton... 1 16 “
4 40 p.m Ar. ..........Camak..., 1 00 p.m.
12 25 a m. 4 47 p.m. r ......Norwood Ar 12 03 p.m 3 25 am.
12 40 a.m. 5 00 p m. > .......Barnett.. Lv 11 50 a.m 3 12 a m.
4 05 p.m. Lv .....Washington Ar 1 00 p m.
- 4 47 ........Barnett,.. ........Sharon. . r r 12 12 05 18 |..........
5 OOpra Ar.. p.m.
12 40 a.m. 5 00 p.m Lv. ........Barnett..... Ar 11 50 a.m. 3 12 a m
12 54 6 10 . Crawfordville .. Lv 11 11 38 19 “ [2 2 69 37 “
1 18 am 5 30 p.m,| Ar .....Union Point... . a 111 a ni.
—
4 00 p.m. Lv...... .Athens...... Ar 12 50 p.m. ...
.... 12 09
.... 4 41 " .Crawford..... '
4 54 “ .Stephens..... 11 56 ‘ .
....! 5 01 " Maxeys..... 11 49 “
...
...... . Lvlll
j 5 80 p.m \r .....Union Point... 20 a.m. ...
1 18 a m. 10 30 p. m. Lv .....Union Point..... .....tr 11 19 a m. 2 37 a in
1 34 “ 10 45 “ 1 .....Greensboro...... " IU 06 “ 2 24 “
2 t« “ CO 20 “ - .......Madison c- 30 " 1 46 “
52 “ o 47 - .....Social Circle as 59 “ 1 14 “
2 oz 39 “ 12 54 “
3 18 “ I- 05 - ......Covington ..... “ 05 18 “ 12 34 “
3 40 : I - 23 : .......Conyers 00 50 “ 12 05 “
4 15 : I'" 49 z ...Stone Mountain...
5 00 a.m. 00 M p m. Ar.. ........Atlanta........ cc 20 a.m. 11 35 p.m.
8 15 a m. 8 50 p m. < Atlanta...... . > r‘ 8 05 a.m 7
...
1 00 p.m 1 10 a m. -% .Chattanooga .Lv 4 05 " L
1 30 " 1 30 “ < .Chattanooga..........Ar 3 55 2
6 55 p.m 6 45 a m. ..Nashville............. Lv It 20 p m. 9 - am
.
n Uliman ,, F'aiace n . Sleepers „ 7 hmturh Withnut Chantre * nn
'
Exposition . Limited. ...
Palace Sleepers on Express Between Augusta and Atlanta and Return.
For Further Information,
Regarding Rates. Etc., Apply to Local Agents, or to
Joe YV. White. T. P. A Augusta. Ga YY\ \V. Hardwick, P. A .....Macon, Ga
s. w Wilkes,C F & P. A. Atlanta,Ga M. R. Hudson, S.F.A Milledgeville,Ga
H. R- Jackson, C. F A..... Macon. Ga. R.E. Morgan, S. A. .Chattanooga,Tenn.
H K Nicholson, G. A.....Athens, Ga. T. H. Moork, C. A.....Nashville, Tenn.
& W. Corns, s. F AP. A. .St. Louis, Mo.
Augusta, Ga. J. F. Anderson, G. W. A..
YV I Cornier, C- A.. .Charleston,8.C. C. H. Graves S. A ........ Chicago. Ill
THOM AS K. SCOTT. A. G. JACKSON,
General Manager. Qen. Pass. Agent,
AUGUSTA, GA.
