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Mother
“My mother was troubled with
consumption for many years. At
last she was given up to die. Then
she tried Ayer’s Cherry Pectoral,
and was speedily cured.”
D. P. Jolly, Avoca, N. Y.
No matter how hard
your cough or how long
you have had it, Ayer’s
Cherry Pectoral is the
best thing you can take.
It’s too risky to wait
until you have consump
tion. If you are coughing
today, get a bottle of
Cherry Pectoral at once.
Three aizea: 25c., 50c., SI. All druggists.
Consult your doctor. If he says take It,
then do as he aayii. If he tell* you not
to take It, then don't take It. lie know*.
Leave It with him. We are willing.
J. C. AVER CO., Lowell, Meat.
GEORGIA,
y
PERFECT PASSENGER
AND SUPERB
SLOPING-CAR SERVICE
BETWEEN
ALL PRINCIPAL POINTS
IN THE
Southeast
Connect! ng at
SAVANNAH with
STEAMSHIP LINES
PLYING BETWEEN
Savannah and
New York,
Boston,
Philadelphia,
Baltimore
AND ALL POINTS
NORTH AND EAST
Complete information, rates,
schedules of trains and
sailing dates of steamers
cheerfully furnished by
any agent of the company.
THEO. D. KLINE, W. A. WINBURN,
General Sup't, Traffic Manager,
J. O. HAILE, General Pata'r Agent,
a. J. ROBINSON. Au't General Pau'r Agent,
SAVANNAH. GA.
Kodol
Dyspepsia Cure
Digests what you eat.
This preparation contains all of tht
digestants and digests all kinds of
food. It gives instant relief and never
fails to cure, It allows you to eat all
the food you want. The most sensitive
stomach s can lake it. By its use many
thousands of dyspeptics have been
cured after everything else failed. It
prevents formation of gas on the stom
ach. relieving all distress after eating.
Diet log unnecessary. Pleasant to take.
It can’t help
but do you good
fcepamtonlyby K.e. lirWiTt X eo., Clilorn
the |l. buttle coulaius -S tlinea the &oc. i*o.
Trade Marks
Designs
r tttt > Copyrights Ac.
Anyone nondln* a nketoh and <l<Mcrintlon may
quickly a*tx*rialu our opinion free wnoihcr an
Invention la probably patentable. CommunloA
t long strict I y oonthtentlal. 11 mutbook on l*atenta
aent free. Oldest lurency for fwuring patouts.
I’atenta taken ttirouw’h Mutm A (’o. receive
tptcial notice, without charge, lu the
Scientific American.
A hamlaomely Uhtatratod weekly. 1 truest olr
• nal. Tern ' *i a
rear r lour months, $L Sold by all novrsdoalora.
MUNN & Cos. 36,8 New York
bram h Ortlcw, 636 K Washington. D. u
0A Croat Discovery.
DROPSY
CURED with vegetable
rein<*au*> entirely harm
less; rriimvw all symp-
V ,nS f hrupsj hi Bto 30
foots a permanent' run.
Trial tnatnrat fur
nish od froo to overy suf
forer; nothing fairer.
For circulars, tostimo-
OR M H. GREEN'S SONS
M’CANDLESS’ LETTER
Description of Nitrogenous
Fertilizer Materials.
SUBSTANCES USED IN THEM.
Value In Dollars and Cents and Their
Agricultural ..Importance—Packing
House Products—Dried Blood Rich
est In Nitrogen.
As you and others have wrlten me to
know what is the value of the differ
ent materials used in the manufacture
of commercial fertilizers, 1 will give
you at. this point a fairly complete ac
count of the substances principally
used. First we will consider in the
order of their value in dollars and
cents, and their agricultural import
ance, the nitrogenous materials, or
those which yield nitrogen to the plant.
Such substances are also known as am
moniates, because under certain con
dltios the nitrogen which they contain
can he converted into ammonia. Now
nitrogen and ammonia are not the
same tiling by any means, but still
they are closely related, they are both
gases. Nitrogen, as I have described
to you before in another place, is a
colorless, ordorless, tasteless gas, and
constitutes four-fifths of the air or at
mosphere which envelops the earth.
Ammonia is also a gas and is colorless,
but It lias a pungent odor, the same
which you have noticed in spirits of
hartshorn or spirits of ammonia
bought from the drug store, it also
has a caustic burning taste, and is
easily dissolved in water, which nitro
gen is not.
Ammonia is made by causing nitro
gen to combine with hydrogen. Four
teen pounds if nitrogen combine with
three pounds of hydrogen to make
seventeen pounds of ammonia, so that
ammonia always contains a large
amount of nitrogen, but nitrogen never
contains any ammonia. And right
here It is wcdl for you to understand,
that we iiave all fallen into a very
unwise and erroneous habit of speak
ing about a fertilizer as wntainlng
such a i>er cent, of ammonia. Ae a
matter of fact it is rarely, if ever, the
case that a fertilizer contains any am
monia, as such at all, but it does con
tain nitrogen combined in various
forms.
As you know it is customary, in the
careless way of talking obtaining
among us all, to speak of cotton seed
meal us containing eight per cent, of
ammonia. That is wrong, it does not
contain any ammonia, but it does con
tain six and six-tenths per cent, of
nitrogen in the form of albuminoids or
protein, of which 1 wrote you so much
in niv letters on feeding; and this six
and six-tenths per cent, of nitrogen
can under certain chemical conditions
he converted into eight per cent, or am
monia. I hope then I have made this
plain, and when you buy a fertilizer in
the future don't imagine, because, you
smell certain peculiar odors about it,
that you smell ammonia; that is rarely,
if ever, the case; the odors you smell
are usually due to animal matters,
fish scrap etc., and indicate no greater
value in the fertilizer than one which
has no odor at all.
In the same way a dark or black
color is no indication of value in the
fertilizer. In point of fact the highest
grade fertilizer which could possibly
be compounded by the art of man
would bo snow white in color. The
materials used for compounding such
a fertilizer would be nirate of am
monia and phosphate of potash, and
i.tose salts when chemically pure are
snow white salts. To return now to
our description of the various nitro
genous materials. Cottonseed meal,
with which you are fully familliar,
stands flirst in importance in Southern
agriculture.
Au average meal of good quality
will contain six and six-tenths per
cent, of nitrogen, which, if converted
into ammonia, would be equal to eight
per cent.
It also contains an average of 2.7
per cent, of phosphoric acid and 1.8
per cent, of potash. It is a very valua
ble fertilizer, and constitutes the nitro
gen base of the greater portion of com
mercial fertilizers manufactured in the
South.
••PACKINGHOUSE PRODUCTtV’
As little is generally known of these
and the manner of their production,
I will give you a brief account of their
manufacture.
Tin- great packing houses are loeit
ed chiefly in Chicago. Kansas City anil
Omaha, where immense numbers of
cattle are slaughtered, and the var
ious parts of the body are put to some
special use. Apart form the production
of dressed beef, mutton or i>ork. there
is of course a large quantity of waste
to be utilized, but the material most
intersetlng to us Is that which is used
for fertilizer, this consists of blood,
of bones, and a mixture of scraps of
meat, skin, bones and blood.
DRIED BLOOD.
The material known as "dried blood”
is the most valuablle fertilizing pro
duet. and the richest In nitrogen. In
preparing this material, the liquid
blood is collected .n vats, where it is
cooked; this process causes the
separation of the protein of the blood
from much of the water; it Is then
put into presses where about one-half
of fthe mater is pressed out. After
pressing R is still damp and in the
form of cakes; these cakes are next
broken up and dried by passing them
through a mechanical drier heated
|iy steam. The damp cakes go
THE BARNESVTLtE NEWS-GAS ETTE, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, WB-
in at one end of the machine and the
dry cakes come out at the other, when
they are ground to a powder and l ull
ed ready for market. This blood M'di
usually contain about thirteen per dent,
of nitsogen, which is the equivalent of
about sixteen per cent, of ammonia,
but as in the case of the cotton-ace 1
meal, there is actually no ammonig in
It.
TANKAGE.
The next important product of the
slaughter-house is whwat is known to
the fertilizer trade as “Tankage. ’
This is a mixture of blood, bones,
waste scraps of meat, etc. This ma
teria] gets its name from the
fact that it is cooked in huge
tanks in the first preparation. It is
cooked under steam pressure at
a high temperature for several hours.
A a result, most of the fat in the mass
is melted and rises to ti<* top of the
tanks, where it is skimmed off and
utilized for soap-making and other pur
poses. The bones and the cooked
meat, etc., now lie at the bottom of the
tank, and the tank water is dark and
highly colored —is in fact a sort of
soup, containing nitrogenous matter in
solution. The solid matter, bones, etc.,
are removed and crushed or ground in
the same way as was done with the
dried blood product.
CONCENTRATED TANKAGE.
The tank water is run into a vacuum
evaporator, the excess of water re
moved, and a product known as “Con
centrated Tankage” is the final result
of the treatment. The finished mater
ial contains about twelve per cent, of
nitrogen. The dried and ground Bone
Tankage, or what is known as simply
Tankage, contains about seven per
cent, of nitrogen, ten per cent, of total
phosphoric acid and six and one-half
per cent, of available phosphoric acid.
BONE MEALS.
There are also three kinds of bone
meal produced; raw gone meal, regu
lar bone meal, and steamed bone meal.
The first Is, as its name indicates,
produced by the crushing and grind
ing of raw bones, after removing any
adhearing fat or meat. 'This material
contains about four per cent, of nitro
gen, twenty-throe per cent, or total
phosphoric acid, and eight and one
half per cent, of available phosphoric
acid. The regular bone met! is cooked
under pressure for a few hot... in the
tanks; this removes fat and also causes
some loss of nitrogen, but makes the
product grind easier and finer. This
grade of bone meal contains about
three per cent, nitrogen, twenty-seven
and one-half per cent, total phosphoric
acid and twelve and one-half per cent,
available phosphoric acid. Steamed
bone meal is the product of the glue
works, and is made by grinding the
bones left after boiling all the fat and
glue out of them that can be obtained.
This process reduces the percentage
of nitrogen, so that steamed bone meal
will hardly average more than two
per cent, of nitrogen, but has about
the same amount of phosphoric acid
as the ordinary bone meal.
HORN AND HOOF MEAL—MISCON
CEPTIONS ABOUT.
Horn and hoof meal is another pro
duct of the slaughter-house. Imper
fect horns and dark colored hoofs are
fir.it thoroughly steamed, then dried
and ground into meal. The better
quality of horn and hoofs command
very high prices, even as high as
S2OO a ton, for other purposes, in the
manufacture of buttons and novelties;
hence the quantity of this material
coming on the market is limited.
There was formerly a great prejudice
against it, and It used to be considered
fraudulent to ’se it in fertilizers.
Even in standard works on Agricul
tural Chemistry of quite recent date
the material is spoken of as being
very slowly available as plant food.
This, however, has in the past two
or three years, been shown to
be an error and the material
is now regarded by the best in
formed as a rich and highly available
source of nitrogen. The quantity of
it on the market is comparatively small.
There are many other products of the
packing house, but these are the chief
ones of interest to the fertilizer trade
and to the farmer. In the next letter
I will finish describing the nitrogenous
fertilizer materials, and write you
something about phosphates.
Yours truly,
JNO. M. McCANDI.ESS.
State Chemist.
IRRIGATION.
Mr. W. R. Welke in Farm and
Ranch for July 26th, 1902, writing for
his ow’n State. Texas, says: "If the
rice farmer could find means to irri
gate bis field and keep it lor weeks,
and even months, under water, why
should the cotton, wheat aud corn
raising people not be able to give their
fields one. or even two irrigations, one
before r.nd another during the drouth
The subterfuge that it costs too much,
that the farmer is not able, is untena
ble. The fact is that, either he does
not believe in it, or he is too indolent
to get out of the old rut. If he Is nor
able to do it alone, cant he combine
with his neighbor? It seems that the
hundreds of thousands of dollars In
vested every year in costly farm ma
chinery rusting ami rotting in the rain,
could have been better employed on
Irrigation plants, that would enable the
buyer to have something to reap and
thrash. The best reaping and thrash
ing machinery cannot harvest a crop
that is not grown. Good cultivation
goes far to make a crop, but. if there
Is not sufficient moisture in the soil
Hot Shot for Fall and Winter
SHOES FOR ALL!
Mens’ Women’s and LMIe-William?
\ Children’s at LOW V wl Shoe Co’s
price. Don’t buy any $2.50 Shoe,
jshoeswithout seeing PL
and P ricin £ my
Men’s Sunday Shoes SI.OO, $1.35, $1.50, $2.00, $3.00 and $3.50
Men’s’Every day Shoes, SI.OO to $1.50 —full stock
Ladies’ Sunday Shoes, SI.OO, $1.25, $1.35, $1.40, $1.50, $1.65, $2.00 —the BEST $2.00 shoe in Barnesville-
Children’s Shoes —all prices—25/ to $2.00; Misses good Sunday Shoes, $1.00; Boys’ strong, stout and
durable shoes at low prices.
tGood Guarantee on Every Shoe I Sell.
I am receiving new goods right along now, and in a short
time will have my full winter’stock on hand. Times are hard
and trade will be short, and I will have prices around the bot
tom notch. Bargains may be expected in almost everything I
handle.
n 1 1 1
Sea Islands, Checks, Outings, Wool Goods at Close Prices
Calicos, Percales and Dress Goods at Low Prices.
Quick Sales, Large Sales and Small Prices.
Rugs and Trunks for LESS Money Than Elsewhere==if
not, don’t buy==Name and Address on Each Trunk,
and Delivered Anywhere in Barnesville FREE.
.V. #
While my competitors are chasing bad debts, I am cutting
prices for cash 12 months in the year.
-jREMEMBERf~
to dissolve the plant and enable the
root to assimilate the same, there will
not be a paying crop, even on the best
available bottom soil, even if the sub
soil is taking some moisture from the
lower strata and a half a bale of cotton
or 20 bushels of corn to the acre may
be raised on this exraordinary soil.
Two bales of cotton and 80 to 100
bushels of corn to the acre with one
good irrigation at the right time would
make the gravest farmer smile. The
upland or prairie farmer is still more
in need of irrigation that the owner of
rich alluvial bottom lands.”
Now we will add to this remark of
Mr. Welke'g irigation may not be prac
ticlble on all Georgia farms, but there
are sections of the State where it is
practicable, and where it would se
cure to the farmer immunity from
drouth and consequent failure of
crops.
GA. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE.
LINGERING SUMMER COLDS.
Don’t let a cold run at this season.
Summer colds are the hardest kind to
cure and if neglected may linger along
for months. A long siege like this will
pull down the strongest constitution.
One Minute Cough Cure will break up
the attack at once. Safe, sure, acts at
once. Cures coughs, colds, croup, bron
chitis, all throat and lung troubles.
The children like it.
Jno.H. Blackburn,
L. Holmes, Barnesville, Ga.
Milner, Ga.
If you take the salt out of sea
water you deprive it of one-thir
teenth of its weight.
The fisherman catches the ter
rapin with a pair of tongs on the
eastern shore of Maryland.
A SAD DISAPPOINTMENT.
Ineffective liver medicine is a disap
pointment, but you don’t wartt to purge
strain and break the glands of the
stomach and bowels. DeWitt's Little
Early Risers never disappoint. They
cleanse the system of all poison and
putrid matter and do it so gently that
one enjoys the pleasant effects. They
are a tonic to the liver. Cures bilious
ness, torpid liver and prevents fever.
Jno. H. Bi.ackburx,
Barnesvile.Ga.
L. Hojmes,
Milner. Ga.
United States Consul Daniel S.
Kidder reports that there is a good
field fol automobile trade in
Algiers.
An estinate is made that the
railroads of the country this year
will expend $400,000,000 in bet
termeuts, cutotfs, rolling stock,
etc.
j\\ r A positive specific for bilious fever,
malaria, chills and fever, malarial
Malaria and poisoning, malarial debility, malarial
Ague Cure dyspepsia, dumb ague. Frice^Sots.
Let us have your Orders for Mill Supplies or Shop Work.
Mallory Bros. Machinery Cos.,
Mention this paper. MACON, GEORGIA.
For the Next 30 Days
we will sell No. 2 Shingles at
$1.50 per thousand.—
BARNESVILLE PLANING MILLS.
FORTUNE FAVORS A TEXAN.
“Having distressing pains in head,
back and stomach, and being without
appetite, I began to use Dr. King’s New
Life Pills.” writes W. P. Whitehead, of
Kennedale,Tex., “and soon felt like a
new man.” Infalable in stomach and
liver troubles. Only 25c at W. A,
Wright’s drug store.
One thousand five hundred and
thirteen novels were published last
year in England.