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Southern Agricultural Topics.
Modern Methods That Are Helpfui to
Farmer, Fruit Grower and Stockman.
Lettuce as a Crop.
Lettuce is one of the oldest vege
tables, having been grown for many
centuries. It is one of the crops of
the Northern truck farmer. Here in
the South it is considered more of a
delicacy than a staple crop. It is
not generally found in the farm gar
den and is not grown by a majority
of the truck farmers who market
their crops locally.
Of late years it is grown very ex
tensively during the winter in Flori
da, North and South Carolina, for
shipping to Northern markets. In
central and southern Florida it can
be grown in the fields without any
protection, but in northern Florida
they protect it with common sheet
ing when necessary. In North and
South Carolina it is sown in cold
frames so constructed that the crop
can be cultivated with the horse.
Practically all of this lettuce is
shipped to the Northern cities.
Very little lettuce is marketed dur
ing the winter by the local gardeners
around the Southern cities. In this
they make a great mistake. For it
can be sown in September, transplant
ed to hot beds and marketed by
Christmas. At this time of the year
it brings a fancy price and is very
much in demand, and there is plenty
of time to use these same hot beds
without any additional preparation,
for growing spring plants, cabbage,
lettuce, tomatoes, egg plants, etc. In
this way enough may be made to
more than pay for the growing of
both the lettuce and the plants. Even
if the frames are not needed for the
growing plants, the lettuce can be
grown in frames at a handsome
profit.
As tomatoes can be had a great
deal earlier if the plants r.re trans
planted before setting out in the field,
the plants may be grown in hotbeds
during December and transplanted
into the frames where the lettuce
has been grown, thus getting double
service from the frames.
Lettuce sown during the late sum
mer may be marketed before it is
cold enough to kill it in the latitude
of Atlanta. It can be sown during
September and transplanted to cold
frames where it will stand until it is
warm enough for it to head, in the
early spring. If it is to be forced so
as to be marketable by Christmas it
must be transplanted into hot beds —
that is beds prepared with an under
layer of fresh manure.
Lettuce plants for the early spring
crop should be raised in hotbeds and
transplanted as soon as warm enough.
Lettuce is very hardy and can be
easily protected during winter with
ordinary sheeting. The late spring
crop should be sown in drills in the
field. The lettuce plants should be
one foot apart each way, both in
the beds and in the field crops. The
field crop should be cultivated with
the wheel hoe and the hand hoe.
Rich soil, good seed, and frequent
cultivation are the essentials for suc
cessful lettuce growing. At least one
thousand pounds per acre of commer
cial fertilizer should be used, and up
to fifteen hundred would pay. Good
lettuce can not be grown on poor
soil, and a rich mellow clay loam
makes the best lettuce soil.
The fertilizer should analyze six
per cent, nitrogen, five per cent phos
phoric acid and seven per cent, pot
ash. Lettuce grown in the field
should not be forced too fast, especi
ally during hot weather. We ruined
about a thousand heads this spring
by forcing them too fast with nitrate
of soda, causing them to go to seed
without heading.
On the local market lettuce is sold
by the dozen heads, the price vary
ing with size and demand. When
shipped, it is sold by the drum or
barrel. —B. If. Hannicutt, in the
Southern Cultivator,
SIOO.OO a Month For Farm Boy!
I have stated on the platform
many times within the past two years
that it is possible for an intelligent,
industrious young man to produce
crops by his unaided labor to the
value of $1200.00 per annum. More
over, 1 have given it as my opinion
that such a young man is not living
up to his privilege if he does not do
this well. I have gone a little fur
ther than this and advised young
women not to marry any man who j
has not demonstrated his ability to
measure up to this standard.
Country boys and country girls
are entitled to as good a living and
to as many comforts as boys and
girls who get their living from any
other calling. But it is as clear as
the noon day sun that if the standard :
Of production of the average farm
laborer of the Southern States is to ]
be the portion of these boys; and if '
they are to support families on (he ,
basis of about $200.00 per year, their
comforts will be few and their living !
bard. Take all the farm laborers of ]
the State of lowa and they produce
crops to the gross value of neaff
slooo.oo each. There arc many of
| these 370,000 men and boys who very
. much exceed the average and produce
j crops equal to the SI2OO per annum
or even more.
The Georgia or South Carolina boy
is as fully intelligent as the lowa
boy. It would be slander to say that
the Southern boy is not as indus
trious as his Northern cousin. Then
what is the trouble? Why not look
into the matter and find out where
the trouble is?
One thing will be observed at once.
About eighty per cent, of Georgia’s
entire farm produce consists of the
one crop, cotton. Her live stock pro
ducts amount to less than five per.
cent, of her total sales. On the other
hand lowa does not confine herself
to any one crop. The sale of live
: stock products of that State amounts
to forty per cent, of her gross and
to fifty per cent, of her net products.
The system of farming practiced
almost universally in the Southern
States was inaugurated during the
time of slavery. Cotton growing re
quires the maximum of human la
bor. Slavery furnished cheap labor
and there Mas no great effort made
to supplant human labor with that of
the horse or machine. We are yet
going along under the old system do
ing M’ork with human hands that
ought to be done by horses and en
gines. The result is that we only
make about .14 as much clear money
as our Northern friends who do use
horses and engines.
But can any great change he made
in the present methods of groM'ing
cotton? Probably not; but we can
grow other crops that will admit of a
different system. Nor are M r e under
any bond to continue to grbw cot
ton. Then why not look around for
the better May? If the lowa young
man can make SIOO.OO per month
following a diversified system of
farming, why can not the Georgia or
Alabama boy do the san?e thing?—
W. L. W., in the Southern Cultivator.
Fertilizing Wheat.
The advisability of using commer
cial fertilizers on wheat is borne out
by the folloM’ing data obtained in ex
periments made under the M’riter’s
direction, and further illustrate the
importance of supplying soils with
vegetable matter on which complete
fertilizers are used. On rather thin
land on which cowpeas were plowed
; under and an application of nitrate of
soda at the rate of seventy-five
I pounds and muriate of potash at the
rate of thirty-seven and one-half
pounds were applied the cost of a
bushel of increase was twenty-two
cents. On the same land treated in
like manner an application of 150
pounds of acid phosphate and thirty
seven and one-half pounds of muriate
, of potash gave a bushel of increase at
1 a cost of sixteen cents. In these
two instances the increase from the
use rf fertilizers was between ten
1 and eleven bushels per acre. Acid
j phosphate alone applied at the rate
! of 500 pounds per acre gave a bushel
! of increase at a cost of twenty-seven
! cent?. We are of the opinion that
I practically the same increase M r ould
have been obtained from possibly half
the application, M-'nich would have
reduced the cost of a bushel of in
crease quite materially. Where a
complete fertilizer was used at the
rate of 300 pounds per acre the cost
of a bushel cf increase was twenty
seven cents. These figures are quoted
to show that fertilizers properly com
pounded and used on wheat will in
crease the yield quite markedly and
at a cost that is profitable to tk«
farmer. Besides that, ail the fer
tilizer applied to the M’heat crop is
not used by it, and there is a residue
lefL in the soil which muII put it in
better condition for succeeding crops.
—Professor A. !\J. Soule, in Southern
Farm Magazine, cf Baltimore.
Lettuce Culture.
Lettuce seed should be soM'n for
raising plants to set out in beds
and in frames. As scon as the plants
are large enough to be handled those
intended to be forced for the De
cember market in frames should be
drawn from the beds and be pricked
out in rows four inches apart each
way in the frames. The old 301 lin
tho frames should he removed rnd
new, sneet, friable soil be substi
tuted. This should be made mod
erately rich with stable manure and
a good complete ferlilizer. A later
planting in the beds should be made
i:i November or December for the
February or March markets. Give
air freely tj the frames so long as
the weather is mild but be ready
to close up Mhenever frost is indi
cated. Cultivate frequently and give
further help Avith fertilizer contain
ing nitrate of soua at intervals a 3
the plants seem to require it. The
plan. 3 raised for outdoor planting in
the spring should bo just kept grow
ing an l means should be at xmiid to j
protect them from severe weather j
during tho vi-il.r. Southern
Planter.
EXPOSITION A LOSS.
Jamostown Show Ha* Liabilities of $3 f
-400,000, of Which $900,000 is
Due the Government.
At a meeting of the board of direc
tors of the Jamestown Exposition com
pany at Norfolk, Va., Wednesday
night a financial statement was read
showing the total liabilities to be $2,-
400,000, detailed as follows:
Due the government on the $1,000,-
000 loan, $900,000.
Due on the exposition first mortgage
bonds, $400,000.
Due on current liabilities, $668,000,
Due on stock subscriptions to expo
sition, $432,000.
No statement M'as rendered as to the
assets, but they include $600,000 esti
mated value of the sewerage, etc., with
$500,000 In unpaid stock subscriptions,
collectible,which would leave a debit of
something over $1,600,000 if the assets
are realized upon as estimated.
The committee will consider the feas
ibility and practicability of reopening
the exposition next year and will re
port at a special meeting of the di
rectors November 15.
Federal Judge Waddill Thursday de
nied the application for an injunction
restraining the disposition except un
der order of the court of the $200,000
unnegotiable bonds of the Jamestown
Exposition company’s original $400,000
bond issue, on the ground that there
was no necessity at this time for such
an injunction. This leaves the bank
ers' committee, In whose hands the
$200,000 in bonds remain, to negotiate
or dispose of them.
The court held that the notice and
process of this suit sufficiently protect
ed John Monk, plaintiff, who, holding
an alleged claim of $17,000 against the
exposition on contract building work,
sought to enjoin the disposition of th 6
$200,000 in bonds.
STRIKERS BADLY DISAPPOINTED.
Telegraphers Seek Old Positions But the
Majority are Turned Down.
Over 300 striking telegraphers who
besieged the offices of the Western Un
ion and Postal Telegraph companie*
in New York Thursday seeking rein
statement were refused employment.
“All the vacancies have been filled,’’
the strikers were told,“and only a few
of the best operators will be given em
ployment.”
It was stated positively that under
no circumstances would any of the
leaders In the strike be reinstated. Nei
ther, it was understood, would any ol
the men who acted as pickets be em
ployed.
The decision to suspend the strike
M’as reached at a meeting of the local
branch of the Commercial Telegraph
ers’ Union in New York Wednesday
night.
SANTA FE ROAD HARD HIT.
Company Assessed Fine of $330,000 by
Federal Judge for Rebating.
Judge Olfn Wellborn, in the district
court, at Los Angeles, Cal., Thursday,
fined the Atchison, Topeka and Santa
Fe company $330,000 for rebating. Tha
fine is what the court denominated an
“intermediate penalty,” the maximum
of which might have been assessed,
being $1,320,000, and the minimum $66,-
000.
The Santa Fe company was convict
ed on October 11 last by a jury la tin
federal court of granting rebates to the
Grand Canyon Lime and Cement com
pany of Arizona. It was found guilty
on all the sixty-five counts charged In
the indictment, after but an hour’s de
liberation. The rebates were given on
shipments of lime and cement from
Nelson, Ariz., to Los Angeles, ranging
in amount from 35 cents to sls.
PLANNING TO BAR NEGRO VOTE.
Leading Maryland Democrats Will Move
Toward Disfranchisement.
Democratic party leaders in Mary
land, realizing that their majority in
the next legislature will enable them
to do so, have taken definite steps j
looking to the introduction of an!
amendment to the state constitution
which will disfranchise the ignorant
negro vote in the state.
FIRED PISTOL PROMISCUOUSLY.
Music Teacher, on Drunken Spree, ia Land
ed Behind Jail Bars.
J. Lewis Browne, organist of tha
Sacred Heart Church, in Atlanta, who ,
was arrested Wednesday night for pro
miscuous shooting, while on a drunken j
spree, on complaint of the rector oi
the church, appeared before a justice
of the peace and sent to the tower in
default of $5,000 bond.
TAX COLLECTOR’S NOTICE.
I will be at the different precincts on the days mentioned for the •
purpose of collecting the State and County Taxes for the year 1907.
OCT. NOV. DEC.
Hampton 2 -.-4 and 22 13
Sixth 3 6 “ 25
Flippen 4 j “
Stockbridge 7 8 “ 27 16
Shake Rag 8 11 “ 28
Brushy Knob 9 12 “ 29
Loves 10 13 2
McMullins 10 14 4
Beersheeba ..14 15 5
Sandy Ridge 15 18 9
Tussahaw 16 19 10
Locust Grove 17 20 11 and 17
Lowes 18 21 12
Snapping Shoals 10 o’clock A. M 6
Island Shoals I o’clock P. M 6
Woodstown 2 “ P. M 6
FOURTH ROUND.
Hampton Friday December 13
Stockbridge Monday ‘ ( 16
Locust Grove Tuesday “ 17
McDonough, Court Week, First Tuesdays and Satur
day until books are closed, Dec. 20th.
SEAB HARKNESS, T. C.
Henry Co., Ga,
A Warning Against
Hypnotism
By Benjamin S. Dean.
»M>.fYPNOTISM is a violation of a law of nature; it is a brain
I- 4, paraiysis and the substitution of the mind of the op
y _ J erator for that of the patient and even in those instances
% ■ ■ | in which the mind of the operator is pure and M’holesomo
t I a % there L s a breaking down of the barriers intended for thA
X * A 4* protection of the individual’s own being and an exposing of
y t his inmost self to the less scrupulous operator who may
f ♦’H t’H,'M, t f come afterward. In other words, hypnotism is a destruc
tive process; it obscures the individual, takes from him tho
God given right to work out his own problems in life and places that power
in the hands of another; and no mere temporary physical alleviation can posr
sibly justify any man, woman or child surrendering to the hypnotic control of
any other human being. That is a prostitution not of the body, but of tho
soul, and the physician who encourages this practice is assuming a responsi
bility which no man with a proper appreciation of the divine right of individ
ual, responsible life wouid ever undertake. All constructive power is poten
tial for good; all destructive power is dedicated to evil, and hypnotism does
not build up the individual soul or body; it deadens the sensibilities of the indi
vidual and gives place to the potent will of the operator. Every experiment
simply weakens the victim’s power of resistance, leaving him opes to assaults
upon his vital forces from every mountebank who may choose to experiment
upon him.
The physician who resorts to hypnotism may produce temporary results
which are apparently beneficial, but he is laying ’he foundation for the disin
tegration of the personal ego and Is working a wrong against himself and his
victim. Every intelligent man, woman and child should refuse to sanction
such practice; it Is deadly in its effects and can do no permanent good.
The Art of Approach
By O. S. Marden.
HERE Is just as much of an art in approaching people prop-
J , J* erly as in approaching a landscape to get the best possible
X *a * < > effect. We are all more or less animals, and we do not
x I < [ like to have the fur rubbed the wrong way. It is a great
X A o art to know how to approach people so as td make the best
ftHIHU » possible impression, and not arouse their antagonism, or
i " < ► prejudice them against us at the very outset. One needs to
J be a good judge of human nature, and to have a great deal
of tact, in order to approach a person through the right
avenue.
One should cultivate the art of reading character at first sight. Some
people know at a glance what road to take to get into a stranger’s confidence.
They walk right in without hindrance, while others, without tact, art, or
knowledge of human nature, cannot enter at all, or only with great difficulty.
There Is nothing else which will create such a good impression upon a
stranger, as a sunny face, a cheerful, gracious manner. All doors fly open,
all barriers disappear before the sunny soul. He does not need to use a
crowbar to make a way for himself. The doors open for him, and he is as
welcome everywhere as the sunshine. He does not need an Introduction. His
face and his manner are introduction enough, and as for confidence, such
people carry a letter of credit in their faces. You cannot help believing in
them and trusting them implicitly the first time you see them.—From Suc
cess
Job Printing
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